6
THE MOBKIXG OBEGD2TIA3T, WEDNESDAY FEBRUARY 18, 1903,
flfUrt mMrtAAitAit excellent health. The mother of a nu.
ViLV VyvvyVUlWtW I merous famllr, she was energetic, capa
ble ana apparently tireless in tne ais-
t, .v. i - janfl. Ortron cnarge or ner auues. one was, more-
as scond-elas cutter. I over, practiced in tne requirements 01
BEvieFn BtinscRiPTiojf rates. I social Jire, having Been in a manner
Br Mm (Miuti sRMia. in advance) I bred to them, ana went to u ashington
uuir. witn Buaeay. vr noBw.... ... i tvell equipped by experience ana a
Daily! laLV7?'r:7.::::::::: S ready tact tor her duties. Notwlth-
r. per year - 7 rr standing this. However, her neaitn is
The Weskiv s months!!!!!!!.! M suffering from the strain and now, by
it city subscribers order of her physician, she has canceled
Daily! rir week" delivered. sundarineiuaed.20o ell of her social engagements, her con-
postage rates. I dltlon being such ao to demand cora-
Vntua Ptt. Canada aid Mexico: I piete rest. There is this difference in
?! i il"1 p,pr "" iS I uch a case, between the novice in so-
I to 38-page paper.. ....... I '
x crtlfn rates double. I uoi ue uiiu uie vtuu a iu wr 410.1..
News or discussion Intended for publication I bom: The former does not know how
tn The Dregonlan should be addresied tnvarla-I . nroteet herself from the suddenly
blr '"Editor The- Orfronlsn." not to the cam - ,-
of arr individual. Letters relating t Jt- Imposed strain, and. feeling that she
tirtcir. ruhMriDtioH or ta nr bulls eu matter cannot give up. as was the case witn
Mould be addressed amply The Oreronian. 1 jirs. Harrison, goes beyond tne limit
uregopian aoeanot tar i0" "'"i before she will consent to rest, while
from individuals, and cannot undertake ta rs- I . v.rnn. ih.
in mv m.n.Jrfr... .... . it without uiid. the latter yields the point before the
tatlon. No stamps should be inclosed for this limit Is reached, and more readily re-
pur- I cuperatea. Mrs. Roosevelt belongs to
?'!nJ??.tJ.nnl ?Jaet-JKuth. iZ!iM the latter class, and will no doubt soon
Itlbune butldlnr. Chlc.ro: the S. a BeckwUh be again in her place at the head of
Special Agency. Eastern representative. I the social life of "Washington.
For sale In San Francisco by 1 E. Lee. Pal-
e Hole! nw ifinit! naUrtnltli Brea. S3S
Sutter street: F. W. Pitta. 1008 Market street; I LOW STANDARDS IX POLITICS.
t'.?", M"k" The moral awakening of the Nation.
stand: Frank Bcott. SO Ellis street, and N. 1 to Whlcn l'resiaent ttouseveii
woeatley. sis Mission street. slon, example and addressee have power-
For sals In Los- Angeles by B. T. Gardner. fuj,. contributed, is reflected -In the
bouts Spring street, ana ouvsr iii t,n1,t,nlnir of St. LoulR
M5 South Spring street. o ... ' "
For sale in Kansas City. Mo by Rlcksecker 1 .aimneapuua, oriiinc a
cirar Co.. Ninth and tvalnut streets. I and also in the general condemnation
For sale In Chlcaco by the P. O. News Co.. I . vfied upon the operations of
TJ3eborn lmU "4 Cb"" nja' Addicks In Delaware. It Is not that
For"S, in omana br Barkalo 8r. IU corruption of this sort Is anything new:
Farnam street: Mereath Stationery Co, 1303 I for It has always existed: but tbe Jiote-
rarnam street worthy thing Is in the public attention
For sale In Bait lke ty the Salt Ik J.ews 1 ji,iit It la wvlv1nir. There Is
Co.. 7T West Second South street. , ,.., r inrtlf.
For tale In SVathincton: D. C by the Ebbett Jio '"
House news stand. ferer.ce. Tbere is always nope ext-cm
For rale In Denver. Colo by Hamilton 4 I f0r seared conscience.
Kendrlck. B0-912 Seventeenth street; touthan I Dn Lyman Abbott, Who5 name Is a
r.;T" r 7w;.v smonym for Christian scholarship and
Curtis tit. I exalted ciuzensnip. naa uoce uuiiutu,
his long career of more practical benen-
cence than to direct his weekly maga
zine. The Outlook, to an expose of the
Tammany and the Addicks operations.
Alfred Hodder writes of Xew York, and
George Kennan, the author and lec
turer, of Delaware. The service of Mr.
Kennan Is worthy his talents and his
honorable record in Investigation of
moral obliquity- His narrative in the
Outlook is the most amazing relation of
cynical corruption ever made In the
United States. The story of Senator
Clark's corruption of Montana may be
as bad; but that has not been told so
plainly. Addicks seems to have con
fined his operations to the two more
populous counties of Kent and Sussex,
and there is testimony that his cam
paign expenses amounted to $400,000 in
election years. Much of this seems to
have gone directly to individual voters.
most of it in new J5 and $10 bills. These
appeared suddenly a few days before
election, where no ouch bills had been
seen before since the last election. Af
ter election they appeared in the banks
by thousands.
Addicks was divorced from his wire
at her instance upon statutory grounds.
and then took up with the woman at
whose house he had been a frequent
visitor and In whose favor he had once
induced his wife to deed a house and
lot owned by herself. His public career
seems to have been on a par with his
private standards. On the Thursday
after the state election of 1894 a dinner
was given at the house of Charles L.
Moore, In Georgetown, Del., to fourteen
prominent Republicans from tne souin
ern part of the state. At that dinner
Mr. Addicks made a speech, in whicn.
among other things, he said: well,
boys, we've won. . . . I've bought it;
I've paid for It; and I'm going to nave
it! It has cost me one houndred and
forty thousand dollars!"
It la unfortunately too true that tne
office of United States Senator has been
sought and gained elsewhere than In
Delaware by methods on the Addicks
plane; by rich corruptlontsts on the one
hand, and by poor and purcnasable cor-
ruptlonlsts on the other hand; by men
who seek the place for the mere vulgar
display of wealth and enjoyment or
power; by men who have no higher
idea of the place than to utilize it as a
mill for the dispensation of patronage.
Such articles as Mr. Kennan's should
have wide attention, and should result
In a higher standard In the popular
mind as to the qualities to be desired in
high public station,
In the present Oregon Legislature re
storing the compulsory grand Jury, but
it received scant attention. It was re
garded as a device In the Interest of
lawyers rather than the people. No
body points to Injustice as a result of
the present method; the most that Is
urged against It Is that It holds possi
bilities of harm If prosecuting officers
should see fit to abuse their powers or
shirk their duUes. But grand Juries
almost Invariably are guided by the ad
vice of the District Attorney as to the
finding of Indictments, anyway. There
is general satisfaction with the opera
tion of the present law In Oregon, and
Minnesota will doubtless be glad If she
adopts a similar method of getting Into
court persons charged with crime.
the Krag-J orgensen rifle, with which
the Army is equipped.
TODAY'S TVBATHER-Generallr fair; winds
rnoetly easterly.
TESTERDATK WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 51: minimum temperature. 27: pre
cipitation, none.
PORTLAND, TVniJXESDAY, FEB. 18.
A NECESSARY AMENDMENT.
Our state, acting through its Legis
lature, Joins others in a call on Congrea
for submission of an amendment of the
Constitution of the United States, so as
to change the mode of electing Senators.
If thirty states two-thirds of the whole
make this call. Congress must submit
the proposition to the states for their
action. The Senate has steadily refused
to take the Initial step necessary to
change of the obsolete method estab
lished by the Constitution obsolete be
cause the spirit and purpose that caused
the adoption of It when the Constitution
was formulated have been utterly lost.
The promise Is now fair that two
thirds of the states may Join in
the calL There could be no doubt of Its
ratification; for the country Is heartily
tired of the present method.
It has been absurdly objected that
such change in the" method of electing
Senators would be followed by a radical
revolution In the distribution of repre
sentatlon In the Senate. In other words
the equality of the states In the Senate
would be endangered by a demand
for proportional representation In that
body. The objection Is chimerical, since
such demand could proceed only from
the most populous states, and they are
but a small minority. Besides, the prin
ciple would remain fixed In the Con
Etltutlon that no state, without Its con
, sent, can be deprived of equal suffrage
in the Senate.
The method now Invoked for amend
meat of the Constitution Is really the
safe and conservative one. The alter
native Is a convention for proposing
amendments, which must be called on
the application of two-thirds of the
states. Should such convention be
called, who is to guarantee at what
point It may draw the line of its ac
tivities?
Here lies the probable way to a very
great change In the structure. There Is
an exceedingly strong and very gen
eral feeling that the method of electing
Senators should be changed, from elec
tion by the Legislatures to direct elec
tion by the people. Again and again
the House of Representatives has placed
Itself on record In favor tjf such amend
ment, but the Senate has always re
fused to concur. Now, If this thing goes
on rmich longer, and the sentiment In
favor of the change continues to grow,
Is there not a probability that a conven
tlon will be demanded? And If we get
the convention, what a babel of voices
there will be! If there be any danger
it lies In the persistent denial by the
Senate of a simple amendment demand
ed and desired by a preponderant public
sentiment, not touching any vital point
in the Constitution.
PASS THE CRIMP DILI..
Where have they gone these agitated
friends of poor Jack Tar. who have
been wont to make the welkin ring with
cries for abolishment of seamen's
abuses? Is their love a plant, to flour
ish only when no Legislature Is In ses
sion and then to wither on the stalk as
soon as a bill In repression of crimping
Is offered at Salem and members are
engaged In a fight for Its passage?
Several days have passed since the
antl-crlmplng bill was Introduced In the
House, where It has since been passed
and sent over to the Senate, where Its
progress stays. How Is It we hear
nothing In Its advocacy from those who
have been fulminating against Portland
as the worst port on earth, and called
upon press and officials to cast out the
evil from among us? Have they gone
on a Journey, or Is It that they prefer
to keep the Issue on Ice for future use?
Is the reformer so Jealous of his calling
that he fears to remove the basis of his
perennial wall?
As to the Infamy of crimping In Its
worst phases, the charges against It
have never been and can never be de
nied. The difficulty with It has always
been the absence of ways and means.
Mere outbursts of accusation accom
plish nothing, and the wise observer of
the problem has learned by experience
that they may easily do more harm
than good when Indulged at a time
when the essential elements of effective
action are wanting. These elements
consist principally of a willingness on
the part of local shippers to co-operate
with reform agencies along some prac
tical line. If this condition Is present.
something can be done. If It is not.
outcries and defamation of the port are
worse than useless.
At length the opportune moment has
arrived. The bill at Salem meets the
views of the commercial and marine in
terests of the port. It offers a practi
cal solution of the problem, by licensing
the vocation of sailors' boarding-house
keepers and empowering a commission
to take away the licenses upon evidence
of seamen's abuses. It also sets a
maximum charge for the services of the
runners and In every way guards the
business against violence and fraud. If
advantage la now taken of the favoring
situation, this troublesome problem
may be settled for a long term of years,
If the opportunity la allowed to slip
by, we can expect nothing but the pres
ent carnival of extortion and crime.
Humanity and business sense alike
call for this reform. The port Is brought
Into disfavor with masters and owners
by the Inordinate cost of securing sea
men. while the use of bludgeon, pol
soned liquor, abduction and even mur
der has often established a degree of
terrorism among seamen In port, com'
pared with which slavery would be
paradise. Every humane agency In the
state should be brought to bear for the
passage of this bill; and the support of
country members should be forthcom
ing, because every dollar added to the
expense of ships In Portland harbor
must eventually come out of the price
the farmer receives for his crops.
From official reports made to the Sec
retary of War It appears that there
were In the United States on February
1, 1901, the day- before the passage of
the anti-canteen law, 1555 saloons within
one mile of the limits of ninety-eight
posts; since then 341 new saloons have
been established within those limits, a
total increase of more than 21 per cent.
Eighty-one posts reported increased
drunkenness; fifty-four reported In
creased desertion; absence without leave
Increased at seventy-four posts; courts-
martial Increased In number at sixty
nine posts: morality and discipline were
reported as lowered at fifty-six posts.
while the health of the men wa.s worse
at forty-seven posts. In the Philippines
there was an Increase In the number of
saloons of 371, or a total Increase of 1G
per cent- Sixty-nine posts reported In
creased drunkenness, fifty-eight an In
crease In courts-martial, and a lower
ing of discipline and morality, while
seventy-two posts reported a poorer
condition of health. Dr. Seaman, In the
January Issue of the North American
Review, has this to say of the effect
of.the anti-canteen law In Pekln:
The V.. a T. U. would have no fault to find
with the post here. The men to outside and
pet drunk on sam-shul In town, and so to
sleep In back yards or other worse places;
but the sancUty of the Government, reserva
tion Is maintained. The Germans have & bier
halle on the wall at Tlartroan sate; the Japat.:
ese have their canteen; the British have one
In their grounds, and bring their beer to thelt
tables. The French soldier has his little bottle
of wine at dinner. We alons are virtuous. We
are the advocates of reform. We are the great
hypocritical hippodrome none like us.
The zeal of the llfesavlng crews at
theytnouth of the Columbia and on the
Washington Coast has. it is said, aided
sailors to desert stranded vessels when
the danger did not Justify them In so
doing, and the condition of the vessels
was not hopeless. This Is a serious
charge, but It Is preferable to one of
cowardice or Inefficiency resulting in
the loss of human life. Men are natur
ally very anxious to leave a ship when
she Is on the rocks or on the sands as
sailed by breakers. Thn llfesavlng crew
Is naturally anxious to rescue them
from a position that. If not Immediately
perilous, may become so In an hour.
The anxiety thus developed may have
caused the premature abandonment of
vessels thus situated, but It Is evident
that the lifesavers erred on the side of
humanity. In this connection It may
be well to refer to the record of the life
saving service of the United States for
the last fiscal year. This record shows
that the scope of operations of the ser
vice was the largest, with two excep
tions, since the service was established,
yet the loss of life was exceptionally
small. Only nineteen lives were lost
from documented vessels, which Include
those of five tons' burden and over, and
six were lost from smaller craft. The
number of disasters to vessels of the
first class was 3SS; the whole amount of
property Imperiled was about $14,000.-
000. of which $12,000,000 was saved
Some mistakes of Judgment can be ex
cused In the face of a record of this
kind.
In the view of Dr. Mlnot J. Savage
the race problem threatens the future of
the Republic. This Is a statement alto
gether too strong. Events have a way
of working out problems that affect the
stability of governments and the happi
ness of the human race, and they will
control this problem and eventually
work It out without serious disaster to
the Republic Senator Tillman's fear
that the colored people will mix witn.
mongrellze and degrade the entire peo-
nle Is In Itself degrading. Tne wnue
man Is not "centuries, millenniums of
natural development. to quote Dr.
Savage. In advance of the black man
to be overtaken and "mongrellzed" at
this stage In the process of evolution.
P0BLICITY AND THE TRUSTS.
Chicago Tribune.
The Nelson amondment to the Depart
ment of Commerce bill, which needs only
the President's signature to become a law,
makes provision for a bureau of corpora
tions, the commissioner at the head of
which Is empowered to Investigate the or
ganization, conduct and management of
any corporation or corporate combination
excepting common carriers engaged In
Interstate commerce or commerce with
foreign nations. To enable the commis
sioner to do this he is given the same
powers that the Interstate Commerce Com
mission has as regards railroads. Tne
commission has authority to require the
attendance and testimony of witnesses
and the production of all books, papers,
tariffs, contracts, agreements and docu
ments relating to any matter It may de
sire to Investigate. If a person sub
penaed by the commission refuses to ap
pear. It certifies the fact to the proper
Circuit Court, which Issues an order re
quiring the Individual who has been sub
penaed to appear and answer.
It will be a novel experience for corpor
ations such as the Standard Oil Company
and the sugar trust, which have been one
man concerns, and whose affairs arc un
familiar to stockholders even, to receive
from a Government official an Imperative
order demanding Information as "to the
management and the conduct of their
business. There are corporations engaged
In Interstate commerce which have no oc
casion to fear the publicity contemplated
by the Department of Commerce bill.
There are other corporations which object
to It vehemently, and have made desper
ate efforts to defeat It- They have sought
to overawe Congress or to persuade it to
substitute for the Nelson amendment a
feeble. Ineffective provision, which would
practically leave it to them to decide what
Information. If any. they should give to
the commissioner of the bureau of corporations.
The constitutionality or tne requirement
that corporations engaged In Interstate
commerce shall obey demands for Infor
mation Is not seriously questioned. If the
Standard Oil Company deemed the re
quirement unlawful. It would not have
been so determined to defeat legislation
on the subject. It has no doubt as to the
nower of Congress, and does not wish to
sec the power exercised. It wishes Its af
fairs to remain veiled in darKncss.
The Information and data collected ty
the commissioner are Intended primarily
for the Information of the President, to
enable him to make recommendations to
Congress for the regulation of Interstate
commerce. Without data intelligent, leg
islation hardly Is possible. When law
makers are shooting In the dark, they' are
tlkplv to miss the target. President
Roosevelt has Insisted from the beginning
on "knowledce of the facts publicity
That needful knowledge cannot be had
Kntll the ceneral Government shall oe em
powered to Inspect anj examine the work
ings of the great corporations engageu 111
Interstate business.
If the anti-trust legislation or mis con
gress shall go no further than the asser
tion of the right of the National Govern
ment to Investigate the condfict and man
agement of the business of the Standard
Oil Company, and of other great trusts,
of whose Inner workings little or nothing
Is known, definite and gratifying progress
will have been made In the settlement of
the trust question. It will be possible to
take the next steps more easuy anu
surely.
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS
The AVlse Editor.
Walla Walla Union.
A party of North Dakota editors Is
traveling In this state. It Is a wise Idea,
gentlemen, to come West In blizzard
time.
Just a rosiblltlr.
Whatcom Reveille.
If Portland will not he good and Mult
nomah County will not get In line the
Geer men and Fulton men could even
up matters by sending back to the United
States Senate as Senator from Oreson
the Hon. Joe Simon, of Portland.
Suffering of the Innocent.
Salem Statesman.
The most fearful thing about the cow
ardly deed of. Elliott Lyons in Lane Coun
ty Is the mortification felt by his relatives,
who are good people. What a heartless
fool a man Is who will bring such sorrow
upon his family, the members of which
have always conducted themselves as good
and law-abiding citizens!
Oregon's Fitness for the Fair.
Canyon City News.
Many of the Legislatures of the West
ern States are passing appropriation bills
to place exhibits at the Lewis and Clark
Fair. They recognize that no other state
than Oregon cou'd fittingly organize and
hold an exposition In' honor of thopo great
explorers. They also generously acknowl
edge that Oregon can and should do so.
and that they nre ready and willing to
help. An appropriation secured will repre
sent a good stroke of constructive states
manship, as they cannot fall to benefit by
exhibiting their resources and by the
thousands of prospective settlers passing
across their borders.
A BnstnensIIke Session.
Elgin Recorder.
The present Legislative session doesn't
appear to be Inclined to allow the Sena
torial election to interfere with the trans
action of other business. In this respect
It la a decided Improvement on a num
ber of Its predecessors. The selection of
a United States Senator usually overshad
ows all legislation" of a local nature, but
our present session appears to regard the
selection of a successor to Mr. Simon as
a matter of secondary importance, and
devotes but little time to It. In fact, the
present pension appears to be one of the
most businesslike ones In the history of
the state but. It all tho proposed appro
priation bills become laws the taxpay
ers of the state will be appalled at the
bills they will have to pay.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Gezundhelt!
How's your co'd thlz bordlg?
"What Is so rare as a day In June?"
Any one of Oregon's midsummerlike Feb
ruary days.
The Senatorial wheel of fortune at
Salem Is still spinning. There Is yet time
to make your bets.
The ceremony attending the opening of
Parliament resembles somewhat an old
maid hunting under her bed for a burglar.
Richard Croker will not return to New
York until ISOi for fear of harming Tam
many. Some one ought to shanghai him
and bring him back at once.
Some one said that a fool Is born every
minute. Judging from these turf com
panies' success, there must be at least
ten suckers born In the same interval of
time.
It is seldom that the partial burning of
a building leaves so much regret In Its
wake as did the latest Occidental Hotel
fire. Usually somebody Is glad for what
Is left, at least.
Many of Portland's women are like pea
cocks. They will appear on the streets ar
rayed In costumes costing small fortunes
and with footgear that seems never to
have come In contact with shoe polish.
During the tulip mania in Holland In
1636 and 1C37. a single bulb of a tulip
named the viceroy was sold for four tons
of wheat, eight tons of rye, four fat oxen,
eight pigs, twelve sheep, two hogsheads
of wine, four barrels of beer, two barrels
of butter. 10X) pounds of cheese, a bundle
ui ciuiucs kdq a. silver pitcner.
Here Is a sign that is becoming quite
noticeable In the front of Portland grocery
stores where the sidewalk Is clear:
WE KEEP OUR FRUIT AND :
VEGETAULES INSIDE- :
TUB SOCIAL STRAIX.
The duties of the mistress of the
White House are arduous and exact
ing. Though the name of the Presi
dent's wife has not, with a single excep
tion, been mentioned In recent years In
connection with political affairs or Inci
dents, she Is unmistakably a person of
importance In the Administration sec
ond only to the President himself. The
single exception above referred to was
In the case of Mrs. Hayes, who, while
mistress of the White House, gave open
aid and comfort to prohibitionists
through her attitude on the question of
total abstinence, and was on this ac
count subject to severe criticism. The
President, however, upheld his wife in
the" position which she assumed, and
the incident passed. Into history. Mrs.
Harrison was, when she went to the
Executive Mansion, a woman of middle
age and In excellent health, but bo heav
ily did the duties and anxieties of the
position to which she had been unex
pectedly exalted press upon her that
she died before the completion of her
husband's term of office, a victim of ner-
i-nn rimstratlon and ceneral debllltv.
Mrs. Cleveland brought to thV White
House youth, a vigorous constitution
and a familiarity with social duties that
carried her unscathed through her hus
band's first term: but increasing family
cares added to increased social duties
told upon her perceptibly before the
close of hl second term, since which
time she has withdrawn entirely from
social functions. Mrs. McKlnley, as Is
well known, had been an invalid for
many years before she entered the
White House as its mistress; next to
nothing was required of her In the
social life of the Administration, end
she returned to the seclusion of private
life overshadowed by calamity but ap
parently neither worse nor better phys
ically than when, a gentle, irresponsible
Invalid, she went to Washington for her
husband's first inauguration. Airs.
Roosevelt was, when sha took up the
Bocial duties of tho President's wife, In
GRAND JURY L05ING GROUND
Minnesota Is now struggling with the
grand Jury problem, a bill being before
the Legislature for the abolition of that
ancient and unwieldy adjunct of the
criminal courts. It Is In the constitu
tion of that state, however, and Is not
to be gotten rid of except by amend
ment of the organic law.
The charge brought against the grand
Jury is of general useleseness and need
less expense. Nobody alleges that It
has been an Instrument of oppression
or injustice. If the charge were graver
it would be .easier to handle the case.
but where objections are only general
and old It Is difficult to stir the people
to apply a remedy. Therefore the
grand Jury Is suffered to continue In
most of the states where Its uselessness
Is generally recognized.
Wisconsin, the Eastern neighbor of
Minnesota, has gotten along quite as
well without the grand Jury as the
North Star State has with one, to say
nothing of the probability that the
criminal administration of the Badger
State has been less expensive and Jus
tice a little prompter because of the
lighter machinery to set in motion
against crlmlnala The grand jury is
not unknown In Wisconsin, for the laws
there yet give It recognition, but It is
practically unused because there seems
to be no occasion ror caning 11 into ac
tion. The information serves every pur-
pose of Justice. And If the Prosecuting
Attorney declines to rue inrormation
there Is provision, for such filing by
private complainants under conditions
that will prevent the bringing of frivo
lous cases. In North Dakota ana mai.
ana experience has been similar to that
In Wisconsin.
Here In Oregon we have had expert
ence with both the compulsory and the
optional grand Jury. Eight years ago
the Oregon statute was so amended
that the calling of the grand Jury was
made optional and the courts were au
thorized to try persons charged with
crimes upon the Information of the Dis
trict Attorney. Since that time tne
grand Jury work In every county has
been much lighter, and In some coun
ties It has not been deemed desirable to
call a grand Jury for several years.
Besides this, a favorite practice of crtm
Inal lawyers, picking technical flaws in
indictments after discharge of the
grand Jury has been ended, and there
are no unnecessary maintenance costs
for prisoners held for successive grand
Juries.
A bill was prepared for Introduction
THE XEW MILITIA LAW.
The new militia law Is an attempt to
modernize the ancient militia law of
1792. which required that an officer
should have a spontoon (a half pike)
and "a hanger," a sword, and that an
enlisted man should have a musket car
rying an ounce balL The new law Is
not what Secretary Root desired, for It
establishes no new body of reserves; It
provides for closer relations between
the State and Federal troops, for mak
ing the organization, armament and dis
cipline of the organized mllltla in each
state to conform to those of the Army
within five years under penalty of los
ing the annual appropriation made by
the United States. The President may
call the mllltla Into the service of the
United States In case of invasion or re
bellion for a period of not more than
nine months, the mllltla to be subject to
the same rules and articles of war as
the Army, except that courts-martial of
its members must be composed wholly
of mllltla officers. The pay of the mill
tla on active Federal service will be
Army pay. The new law also provides
for Joint maneuvers of the state mlll
tla and the regular troops when request
ed by the Governor of the state.
The law establishes a list of compe
tent officers residing in the several
states and territories, who shall be first
called upon and commissioned In a vol
unteer army In event of hostilities. The
new law secures one great reform In the
uniform arming of the mllltla In every
state. At the outbreak of the Spanish
War our mllltla regiments were worth
less at Santiago because they were
armed with obsolete Springfield rifles,
In which black powder was used. If It
had been necessary, we could not possi
bly have taken Havana In the Summer
and Autumn of 1S98, because our Army,
with the exception of 15,000 regulars,
was armed with obsolete weapons.
while Havana was garrisoned by 100.000
veterans armed with Mausers. The ml
lltla of Pennsylvania has recently made
a very poor showing In the matter of
the strike riots, and the Illinois mllltla
was worthless In the Debs riots.
The new law provides for the Instruc
tion of the mllltla by one or more reg
ular officers. Mllltla officers who attend
Army -colleges and schools have the pay.
the quarters and subsistence of regular
officers of .the same rank, and the War
Department provides transportation.
subsistence and pay for any state troops
participating In any maneuvers of the
regular Army. Under the new law the
President Is given the right to call out
the mllltla for nine months to repel In
vasion and suppress rebellion- The ml
lltla will take the field under their own
officers. At the end of nine months they
will be relieved by a new army of vol
unteers raised In the meantime, and
then return to their homes. Secretary
Root has already begun preparations
for putting the new mllltla act Into ef
fect by creating a special bureau In the
Adjutant-General's office at Army head-
ouartero which will have exclusive
choree of mllltla matters. He Is also
about to Issue to the National Guard
During the fiscal year of 1SS2 Immi
grants Into the United States numbered
7SS.992, and the nearest approach to that
figure before or plnce has been in tne
nast year, when 739,289 Immigrants ar
rived. In 1882 Germany contributed the
most Immigrants to this country, witn
the other countries of Northern Europe
following. Today Italy stands first,
with Austria-Hungary next and Russia
third. Twenty years ago nearly 40 per
cent of the arrivals were females: and
they constituted over 42 per cent or tne
German immigration. Today less than
30 per cent of the total Immigration are
females, and less than 20 per cent 01 mo
females come from the principal con
tributing country, Italy.
Governor Chamberlain's reason for his
veto of the bill which placed bicycle
thieves on a par with norse
thieves on the criminal code does
credit to his humanity. Bicycle thieves
being mostly boys, the Governor would
save them from a too severe penalty.
Th bor ouce an Inmate of the Peni
tentiary, even for a brief term, nas lit
tle prospect of honorable manhood be
fore him. Perhaps the unpunisnea ju
venile thief has little; but a term In the
Reform School might improve this pros
pect, while a term In the penitentiary
would utterly destroy it.
The three women so suddenly and
shockingly bereft of their husbands by
the deadly aim of the convicts, iracy
and Merrill, at Salem, last Summer, are
entitled to and have received without
stint the sympathy of all sympathetic
neonle. Whether or not they are enti
tied to a money consideration from the
state for their loss is a question upon
which men honestly differ. A majority
of the Legislature Is of the opinion that
they- are not, and as long as tnis opin
ion holds It rules.
SUPPORT THE PRESIDENT.
Boise Statesman.
In view of the astounding disclosures In
Washington concerning the methods re
sorted to to prevent, the enactment of
anti-trust legislation. It would seem to be
the duty of our Legislature Immediately
to adopt a memorial giving voice to tho
sentiment of this state on the subject.
Would It not be well for both houses to
adopt such a memorial today, setting forth
the desire of this state to have necessarjr
leglslatlon parsed to control, or. In ex
treme cases, suppress oppressive combi
nations, embodying an emphatic Indorse
ment of the attitude of the President and
pledging him the support of Idaho In his
efforts to secure tho enactment of legisla
tion of the character desired?
Such a memorial, going out today, would
show emphatically where Idaho stands.
When there la such a reason for prompt
ness people do not delay In giving expres
sion to their opinions. If one has a
friend anywhere needing his support and
having a right to expect It, he at once
telegraphs assurance of such support.
That Is the position of Idaho today In the
light of tho news from Washington.
We have a friend In the White House
who Is contending with powerful Inter
ests that seek to retain dangerous prlvll
egea and who Is dependent upon tho sup
port of the masses of the people to
wrench victory from the grasp of those
forces, and the Legislature of Idaho, as
the representative of the people of this
state, should flash back to Washington
an expretelon of Indorsement from this
people and an assurance that they will
stand loyally by the President In the
Tltantlc contest In which he Is enlisted In
the Interest of the people of the country.
Action Will lie Taken.
Walla Walla Union.
The authorities of Portland should take
action without delay In the matter of the
sailor crimps and see If It is not possible
with the aid of the law to rid that port
of these scamps. That city has the repu
tation all over the world as being the
headquarters for the worst gang of sailor
boardlng-houpe grafters known, and yet
year after year these fellows ply their
trade with little or no opposition. The
affair last Wednesday when three men
were pounced upon by crimps and beaten
and one of them kidnaped should open the
eyes of the proper authorities to the act
ual state of affairs and the city should
be rid of the notorious characters. There
Is a limit to the right of men to traffic In
tho labor and liberties of their fellows.
The law will recognize any legitimate
agency, but when this agency takes upon
Itself the authority to make men engage
In work through Its channels and to beat
and nearly murder them In case of refusal
it Is time to call a halt- Men In this great
United States are free to work for any
man they please, and they are not com
pelled to pay tribute to any set of cheap
grafters for tho privilege.
Colonel Goodale. of the Seventeenth
United States Infantry, who has Just
been promoted to be Brigadier-General,
U. S. A., and placed on the retired list
of the Army, during the war of the Re-
hplllm served In the Army or tne Po
tomac and was a participant In the
Peninsula campaign of 1862 under Mc
ciellan. and fought at the battle or
Gettysburg. Colonel Goodale served as
an enlisted man in the Sixth Maine In
fantrv In the Sixth Corps of the Army
of the Potomac from May, 1861. to Jan
uary. 1S64.
Carrie Nation declares that Los An
treles Is the most Immoral city she ever
visited. The Council, thus spurred to
action, Immediately adopted a resolu
tion of confidence In the ability and In
tegrity of the Chief of Police. That set
tles It. Mrs. Nation talks too much.
J. P. Morgan's visit to the White
House with Aldrich and Hanna Indi
cates his superiority over Rockefeller.
"Never write letters," sold an old poli
tician, "send a man." Better yet. go
yourself, as Morgan does.
"Votlnir Cattle."
Baltimore Sun.
But It may be said that In tho 30 years
which have passed since tho reconstruc
tion period ended the negro has Become
better qualified for self-government and
the use of the ballot. Unfortunately there
Is no evidence of this. In casting his
vote tho negro Is no more controlled by
principle today than he was 30 yeirs ago.
He Is iroverned exclusively by race prej
udice and votes solidly In a mass. Negroes
In tho South are still what Tnaaaeus
Stevens designated them "voting cattle."
It Is necessary for the Southern States
to disfranchise them In order to preserve
their property from plunder and their
civilization from destruction. And as
some of the property In tho South is
owned by Northerners, there Is a strong
sentiment In that section also In f vor of
"grandfather" clauses. And whatever
may be said of disfranchisement of ne
groes by such constitutional devices It Is
far more decent and honest than the dis
franchisement of white people In Penn
sylvania by ballot-box stuffing and per
jury. The Remedy.
Cleveland Leader.
The white Democrats of the South have
succeeded In eliminating the- negro from
politics, but the denial of the right of suf.
frage to black citizens of native birth
shbuld carry with it a punishment. That
punishment, as provided In the constitu
tion. Is a reduction of the representation
of those Southern States in the House of
Representatives and la the Electoral Col
lege. There Is no possible Justification for
permitting a white voter in aouin Caro
lina, or Mississippi, or iouisiana, to exer
cise four times the power In a Presidential
or Congressional election that a white
voter In tho North has. Secretary Root
siys truly that this Is one of the prob
lems which must bo met and solved, and
It must be solved In the right way.
ITaa Xo Soul for the Birds.
North Yamhill Record.
A mob Legislator has Introduced a
measure In the Oregon House making It
a misdemeanor punishable by fine or Im
prisonment for any one to kill or Injure
any wild bird or birds, other than crows
or hawks, except game birds. And the pe.
cullar thing In connection with the bill
Is that It has passed the House favor
ably. Should this bill become a law.
which It Is sincerely hoped It will not.
It Is not to be supposed for a moment
that It will be respected or obeyed. It
must not be believed that fruitgrowers
will fold their arms In deference to this
silly measure and sit on their verandas
and quietly observe the destruction of
their cherry crop by a few varieties of
mischievous birds which are supposed to
be protected by the law. It must not be
presumed that sheep breeders will submit
to the destruction of the lambs of their
flocks by eagles and ravens, because a
law proposed by a silly extrem
ist forbids their being molested. It
seems ridiculous and. Indeed, reflects
upon the common sense of the people of
whole counties In some Instances that
persons who appear to be lacking In com
mon "horse sense" are permitted to work
their way into the law-making body.
Good for the Knrraen.
The Dalles Times-Mountaineer.
No act of the Oregon Legislature in
many years has been of greater- im
portance or will result In more general
benefit than the appropriation of $165,000
for the construction or a portage roaa De
tween The Dalles and CeUIo. It Is In
deed a vast amount of money to expend
upon a single Improvement, but It is an
expenditure that will bear results. It is
the one move mat win uncoris me ihs"-n-iif
-arhleh nature has provided for carry-
Inr the products of tho gTcat Inland Em-
nt to the markets of the world. For
when a portage road Is In operation the
Influence that has been used to prevent
tho construction or canal ana iocks wiu
h romnved. No longer will It be or Bene
fit to the railroads to maintain loooies
In Washington to prevent the National
rinverament taking hold or tne improve
ment- Following the action of the State
nf nrpron In determining to act for Itself
and relieve the people from the monopoly
that has for years collected exorDitant
trlhutes from them, we may expect Con
gress favorably to consider the Improve
ment of the coiumma Kiver ana pass a
liberal appropriation therefor. The thanks
of all Eastern Oregon Is due to the pres
ent Legislature for this one act or jus
tice.
Why They Want It.
Spokane Chronicle.
A fine tribute to the value of the Asso
ciated Press reports Is being given Just
now at Oregon's capital. A vigorous ef
fort Is being made to destroy the value
cf the Associated Press franchises by pass
ing a law compelling Its managers to
furnish their telegraphic report to any
newspaper that will pay ror It-
It's a line compliment. When the
proprietors of outside papers will resort
to such desperate measures In the hope
of capturing this report they must feel
keenly the superiority of the Associated
Press to any of its would-be rivals. But
It is pretty safe to guess that their little
scheme will fall.
The Lee Statne.
That the Congress which passed the
act under which the Statuary Hall at the
Capitol receives Its contributions never
for a moment contemplated the presence
therein of statutes of tho leaders of the
Confederacy Is evidenced by the mere
date of enactment- Thlt act was approved
by President Lincoln on July 2. 1SG4. at
the time when General i.ee was raamnj
his fiercest struggle- against General
Grant, who had brought up against the
Petersburg lines', and when Sherman was
rineBedlv pushimr his wsy northward
throueh tho Confederacy. The act In
vited each of the states to present
f.tatues. "not more than two In number.
of deceased persons who had rendered
such military or civic services as entitled
them to commemoration as National fig
ures In Statuary Hill, In the National
PanltoL" Will It be contended that when
Lincoln signed the act he for a moment
even dreamed that Robert E. Lee would
ever be thought of as coming within Its
provisions, as having in his day rendered
"such military or civic services" as en
titled him to commemoration in Statuary
Hall In the Capitol?
CInrkson's Dad Advice.
Philadelphia Record.
That Secretary Root has spoken on this
mhlcet suggests that the President has
been aroused to an appreciation of tho
harm he may do If he should continue to
approve the suggestions of Surveyor
Clarkson, of the port of New York, the
Administration s manager or negro poli
tics in the South.
This pleases President McCusker, of
the Civic Improvement Association, and
also people who eat fruit and vegetables.
For unblushing Impudence and monu
mental gall, witness the following from
the notorious "Gas" Addicks:
No man who refuswl to vote for J. Edward
Addicks In the Legislature will ever be allowed
to hold any office In Delaware, nor will any
bolter sympathizers bs permitted to come to
the front.
If the men of Delaware will stand this
sort of thing. It Is time, high, time, for
the women to take control.
The New England Historical Genealog
ical Society has appointed a committee
to ascertain, if possible, the exact place
of rendezvous of the Boston tea party
when It assembled. December 16, 1773. pre
liminary to throwing the tea Into Boston
harbor. The stories of the place handed
down by tradition have been conflicting.
nnd many or the members of the society
think the effort will be In vain.
That old worlds perish dally In volcanic
disaster, and that new ones are continu
ally formed from tbelr dust and fragments
Is eminently probable. This Idea Is only
a generalization from those of the two
great Englishmen Lord Kelvin and Sir
Norman Lockyer whose genlus has been
aroused by the Innumerable celestial col
lisions of which we are mute witnesses
and of tho volcanic explosions that seem
to Indicate how the earth Is to come to
an end In some far-off day.
A popular book of statistics places
Portland's population at the end of 1902 at
110,000, with births for the year at 1136,
deaths 1172. Tho same work credits Se
attle with 123.000 population. 919 births and
876 deaths. Owing to superior water,
Portland's death rata, Is probably lower,
but the proportion of births .should bo
about the same. This would give Seattle
about 87.000. assuming tho correctness of
the Portland estimate. Seattle should
either fake all statistics as she does her
bank clearings or else tell more of tho
truth.
A little maiden who resides In South
Portland has for her neighbor and best
friend a German gentlewoman, whom she
visits many times dally to share most of
her Joys and sorrows, and from whom she
receives much useful Instruction about
plants and flowers and birds and draw
ing and music The other day this friend
told the little girl about some deaf mutes
and some blind people. The child was
much Impressed with their unfortunate
lot- Not to be able to hear any person
speak, to hear her mamma or papa, or to
talk to them or to any one else never
never oh. It was awful! And then tha
poor things that could never see the funny
pictures In the papers, nor the flowers, nor
the sky, nor the birds; that could never
sew doll clothes, nor draw pictures, nor
play face tag, nor find the sugar bowl or
apple tiln! If possible, this thought was
awfuller than that of being a deaf mute.
'What would you do. dear, if you were
deaf and dumb or blind?" asked the Ger
man friend.
I'd be awful, awful sorry," the Httla
one responded, with all tha solemnity of
one In the very presence of Impending
calamity. Then, after a moment's reflec
tion. In which the gravity of tha matter
grew upon the child, she added from tho
very bottom of her frank little soul:
Why, Mrs. Blank, I b'lleve I'd almost
rather be Dutch!"
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGnAPIIERS
Violet Do you think & lady would smoke
a clcarettet Daisy Not if It's the only one a
man has. Harvard Lampoon.
Tenelope Ferdy says Ethel Is an angel.
Jack Well, he must be a harp. then. She s
playing him lor all she's worth. Judge.
Brady The grocer Is going to tack a "Fresh
Eez" slcn over his door. I suppose that will
be "another He nailed." Chicago Dally News.
Auntie You know you ought not to be play
ing shops on Sunday. Slarjorle But. you see.
auntie dear, wo were lust pretending It's
Monday! Punch.
"Yes, I believe that even Inanimate objects
have Intelligence of a sort." "For Instance:"
"Well, for Instance, the policeman at the
street crossing." Baltimore News.
"There's a man who's out of work." "Poor
fellowl" "Oh. It's not so bad." "Why notf
"Ills salary goes oa lust the same. He's on
the city pay-roll." Chicago Evening Post.
"Charley, dear." said young Mrs. Torklna.
you know you said we ought to put some
thing by tor a. rainy day." "Yes." "Well,
don't you think this bargain raincoat Is per
fecUy lovelyr' Washington Star.
Mrs. Frankfort Aunt Clara, says Uncle Jchn
never tried to deceive her. Mr. Frankfort
I guess that's so. all right. Uncle John says
there are some persons you can make believe
anything you want to without trying. Boston
Transcript.
The Aunt (telling the story of the Sleeping
Beauty) What do you think did the Prince
give the King's daflghter to wake her! Well,
how does your mamma, wake you upT What
does she give you In the morning? Elsie A
spoonful ot codllvsr oil, auntie. Brooklyn Lira.