THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY. FEBRUARY 16, 1903.
he (Dregmttcm.
Entered at the roitoSee at Portland. Oregon
as second-class matter.
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News or discussion Intended for publication
In The Oregonlan ihould be addressed invaria
bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the nsms
of at y IndlvlduaL letters relatlne to adver
tising, lubacrlptlon or to any business matter
should be addressed almply Tner Oregonl."
The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories
from Individuals, and cannot undertake to re
turn any manuscripts sent to It without solici
tation. No stamps should be inclosed (or this
Purpose.
Eastern Business Offlee. 43. 44. 4S. s
TTlbtin tintMIn- V. - Ynrtr Clt-! 810-11-12
Tribune building. Chicago: the 8. C. BeckwlOi
Special Agency. Eastern representative.
For sale In San Francisco by I E. Ie. ral
ace Hotel sews stand; Goldsmith Bros.. S3
Butter stmt: F. W. Pitta. 100S Market street;
J. K. Cooper Co.. 718 Market street, near the
Falac Hotel: Foster b Orear. Ferry news
stand: Frank Bcott. 80 Ellis street, and N.
Wheatley. 813 Mission street.
For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner,
559 South Sprlnr street, and Oliver 4 Haines.
SOS South EprlnJ street.
For sale In Kansas City. Mo., by Ttlekseektr
CI cur Co.. Ninth and 'Walnut streets.
For sale In Chlcaco by the P. O. News Co,
SIT Dearborn street, and Charles MacDcnald.
CS Washington street.
For sale In Omaha by BarkaJow Bros.. 161S
Farnam street; Meceath Stationery Co, 130S
Farnam street.
For sale in Ealt Lake by the Salt Lake News
Co.. 77 VTett Second South street.
For sale in Washington. D. C. by the Ebbett
House news stand.
For rale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton
Kendrlck. 600-012 Seventeenth street; Loutban
A Jackson Book and Stationery Co.. Fifteenth
and Lawrence streets: A. Series. Sixteenth and
Curtis streets.
TO DATS tVEATHEIl-IncreaslnK cloudiness.
"Winds shifting to southerly.
TESTERDAVS "WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 50 dec: minimum temperature. 13
dej:.: no precipitation.
PORTLAND, MONDAY, FEDnUAUY 1J.
just o.vcn more.
Recurring to the subject of the Asso
ciated Press, it is admitted by the
Portland Labor Press that It knows
little of the workings of the association:
and as If to put this statement past
dispute, it proceeds to say:
Four franchises are Issued for ther City of
Portland, two morning and two evening, for a
radius of SO miles around the city. At one
time the Oregonlan held the exclusive privi
lege for Oregon and 'Washington.
These statements are wholly errone
ous. The Associated Press possesses no
franchises', and of course Issues none.
The Oregonlan has no franchise. A
franchise is a privilege of a public
nature conferred on an Individual by
a grant from government or through
operation of law. There Is nothing of
this kind In connection with the Asso
ciated Press, even in the remotest de
gree. There are no "four franchises"
of the Associated Press at Portland,
nor any franchise of the Associated
Press anywhere. One more extract:
The Oregonlan Is a good paper, has done
much for the state and expended large sums
cf money In labor and Improvement, but It
Is hi- ennuch now to stand upon Its merits
and let others In who are willing to add their
energy and money In building up our city ana
state.
The Qregonlan neither expects nor
desires ''to stand on any other basis
than its own merits, such as they are
or may be. So It has always stood.
But it is unwilling to provide news for
other newspapers, or to ehare with
other newspapers the news facilities It
has organized or created, the sources
of news that it has developed, the con
nections for news that it has established
through great effort and heavy ex
pense: and it will not do so. The whole
field of news is as open to all others
as to The Oregonlan, and the same
telegraphic rates are open to all. The
Oregonlan would be a peculiar and
special idiot If It should help others
who may want to publish newspapers
here to provide and to carry the news
they need. They may get .their
news as The Oregonlan gets its news-
through their own industry and enter
prise, and at their own expense. And
the telegraph companies will be glad
to carry their business, at the same
rate's which The Oregonlan paya They
are here as common carriers for ail on
equal terms. The Oregonlan provides
its own news. Other newspapers must
provide theirs.
The news that a newspaper collects
for publication in its columns Is Its own
property; the news that any association
of newspapers collects for publication in
their columns is equally their own
property. The news reports of the
Associated Press are collected, not for
sale, but for publication in the news
papers owned or represented by the
members of the association. Sale of
these reports is not, allowed, because if
sold their value would be lost to those
who collect them.
Once more: The Oregonlan is in the
business of gathering news for publl
cation in its own columns. It is asso
ciated with other newspapers in the
same business. But neither The Orego:
nlan nor its associates will help to
gather and carry news for persons who
may desire to start other newspapers,
any more than Ladd & Tllton will fur
Dish the capital to start an opposition
bank. These matters may as well be
understood; for this, brushing all fool
eries aside, is the ultimate.
If3- Oregon Legislature is of an in
qulaltlve turn of mind. It might find
food for reflection in the sight of that
splendid steel ship Alsternlxie now
lying a wreck on Sand Island. There is
a compulsory pilotage law. in effect at
the mouth of the Columbia River, but
apparently It is compulsory without
compelling so. far as keeping pilots on
their station off the mouth 0$ the river
is concern ea. iast winter, alter bang'
lng around the mouth of the Columbia
for. a fortnight In search of a pilot, the
French bark -Ernest Reyer finally plied
up a total wreck on the 'Washington
coast, and the British bark Plnmore
after a .similar experience was aban
doned. and cost the underwriters about
60,000 to reclaim her. In giving a rea.
son. for not appointing a certain pilot
last 'Winter, one of the commissioners
was quoted as saying that the appll
ct "was not satisfactory to the other
priots." There is a possibility that the
reason for the" entrance o the river
being left unguarded during one of the
worst months of the year may be due
to the fact that the weather was "un
satisfactory" to the pilots. "Whenever
an attempt has been made to locate two
of -the pilot commissioners in Portland
and one at Astoria, the point has al
ways .been raised by the Astorlaxs that
this was all wrong, for the majority of
the board should be where they 'could
have Immediate- supervision over the
bar pilota This may be all right In
theory, but It Is lame In practice. Reas
oning from analogy, the residence of all
three of the commissioners in Astoria
might be expected to produce a service
that would be so satisfactory to the
pilots that they would remain inside
all the time during bad weather.
SECRETARY CORTKLYOU.
It Is fourteen years since a new chair
was added about the President's offi
cial table, for the Secretary of Agri
culture. Now the eight already there
must make room for yet another in the
person of George B. Cortelyou, of
New York, Secretary of the Department
of Commerce. The creation of the new
department has been of doubtful wis
dom, leaning as it does toward super
fluous bureaucracy and ministering, in
some degree designedly, to that pro
pensity of business as well as of labor,
to trust In Government aid and care
for the results that are to be achieved
only through Individual perseverance
and enterprise. As Congress has taken
the step, however, the thing to do is
to contemplate the merits of the un
dertaking and endeavor to make the
most of them.
Commerce Is advantageously recog
nized by a Cabinet office In other gov
ernments, and our similar action has
doubtless come about largely from the
consciousness that the governmental
framework of the Infant republic of
farmers is Inadequately planned for L
ine vast community or tne present aay.
stupendous In manufactures, trade and
finance. A decided practical benefit of
the act is to relieve at once the over
burdened and einbarasaed Treasury
Department, whose work is annoylr.gly
and expensively behind. The bureaus
of the new department will include:
Bureau of Corporations, Bureau of La
bor, the Llgbthoure and Steamboat In
spection, the Bureaus of Navigation and
of Standards. Coast and Geodetic Sur-
eys and the Immigration Service and
the Shipping sCcmmiieion, Bureau of
Statistics of the Treasury Department,
Bureau of Foreign Commerce of the
State Department, Census Bureau and
Fish Commlfslon. By the terms of
what is known as the Nelson amend
ment, authority and power are given
to the new Bureau of Corporations to
require specified returns Horn large
corporations, and provision is made for
publicity as to their affairs to a certain
extent.
Not the least benefit of the new de
partment will be the elevation of Sec
retary Cortelyou to a place of great
responsibility and usefulness. The
talent of this man .for dispatching busi
ness, his keen insight into men and
measures and above all his single
ness of purpose and fidelity of soul are
such as to Inspire the most sanguine
expectation of his administration. The
qualities that go to make up great
ness have been most conspicuously ex
emplified In the smaller places he ha
hitherto so ably filled; and he pretty
certain to demonstrate anew the truth
of the old maxim that the only perfect
way to fit oneself for a large, place Is
to discharge faithfully the duties of the
small. It means much for the Depart
ment of Commerce that its course and
tradition are first to be formed by so
efficient a head. Along the lines It
will be directed- by Mr. Cortelyou, it
can hardly fall of great usefulness and
honor. Fate has been kind to the
experiment In intrusting its early years
to such hands.
-WILL .MAKE RAPID PROGRESS.
Arrangements for the Lewis and
Clark Exposition will now go Tapldly
forward. The director-general will be
chosen by the executive committee to
day, or at farthest within a few days.
as the matter of selecting a general
manager for the enterprise is important
and may require considerable delibera
tion. But a short time will elapse be
fore the beginning of work on the site.
By June 1 the plan and scope of the
Exposition will be ready for the ap
proval of the state commission. Mean
while the standing committees of .the
local company, of which Mr. Corbett is
president, will lay out their Work un
der the resolution presented by Mr.
Wolfe to the directors at their meeting
last Friday, and shape themselves for
the great task before them. Every
thing Indicates a maximum of progress
and a minimum of delay.
Director Wolfe's resolution provides
for permanent and effective organiza
tion along sound business lines. All the
standing committees are required to
submit estimates of their probable ex
penditures to the finance committee.
which will moke up the budget and
submit it with recommendations to the
executive committee, final approval
resting with the board of directors. No
coe expects the budget to be absolutely
correct, as there is no guide to follow.
but It will be conservative and the final
reckoning will show It to be approxi
mately correct. To guard against de
ficiencies, the executive committee is
ordered to create-a reserve fund of be.
tween $100,000 and $150,000, which shall
be available at all times to meet the
obligations of the company. It .will be
the pendulum between the estimated In
come and the estimated outgo, and it
gives assurance from the very outset
that the odium of repudiation will nwer
rest upon the Lewis and Clark Ex
position management. If it cannot be
preserved until the close of the fair It
must be used to meet honest debts. If
It can be preserved intact until the
gates are closed!, bo much the better, for
it may be diverted to one of several
legitimate ends. No more gratifying
use could be made of this fund than
to apply It to enlarging the Lewis
and Clark Memorial building, towards
the cost of which the state commission
Is required to appropriate $50,000 and
the local company at least $50,000 more.
The historical aspect, which will be the
underlying feature of the Exposition,
will be emphasized by the memorial
building, and the larger and more beau
tiful the building the more creditable.
If $100,000 to $150,000 could be added to
the fund available for this purpose, we
should have a building that would
stand for ages and be an enduring
memento of the first centennial of the
exploration of Oregon. The chief re
sult of San Francisco's unhlstorlcal
Midwinter Fair ten years ago was the
beautifying of Golden Gate Park with
the funds of the fair association.
An auspicious sign of the times is the
spirit of harmony that marked the In
formal meetings of the state commis
sioners with the board of directors and
the executive committee of the' Port
land company. Though the two organ
izations are as separate, and distinct as
law could make them, their aim is to
co-operate In every possible way and
there is no doubt that they will work
closely together for the best results.
The state commission will cave T0,.
000 to spend at Portland, including the
50,000 for the memorial building, and
$50,000 more for an Oregon exhibit at
St. Louis next year. It Is a little too
early to estimate the funds of the Port
land company, but there will be ap
proximately $500,000 from stock sales
and donations, and fully as much more
from admissions, concessions, privileges
and other sources. "With the Federal
Government's appropriation of J2.000.000
and separate state exhibits added, we
shall have an exposition costing well
Into the seven figures. To these Im
mense proportions has grown the mod
est "Northwestern Industrial Exposi
tion." which the Oregon " Historical
Society resolved, at Its meeting in De
cember, 1900, to hold in connection with
the erection and dedication of a monu
ment to Lewis and Clark on the site of
Fort Clatsop In 1905.
TO REGULATE CRIMPING.
It has the air of the providential that
while a bill in regulation and restraint
of sailor boarding-houses Is pending at
Salem, some of the representatives of
that active and vigilant profession have
furnished in Portland and Vencouver
an object lesson in its most objection
able line Of effort. The assault upon
the Rlversdale seaman, whatever be
comes of victim and assailants, will
tend to open the eyes of the Legisla
ture to the need of some such measure
of control as the proposal at Salem
embodied
The business of shipping sailors Is as
legitimate, as that of any employment
agent, provided it Is legitimately pur
sued. It Is, In fact, more necessary
than most If not all other employment
agencies, both because of the usually
helpless character of' the seamen and
because the ship about to sail must
have its men without delay at what
ever cost. Next week will not do as
well for the loaded vessel as for the
section bos or the hotel-keeper In
search of help. It must get its quota
of hands at once, and experience shows
that masters and owners are eager to
employ an agent who can supply them
on short notice, and. that they are also
willing to pay well and even handsome
ly for the service.
Nobody has ever been able to Instil
Into poor Jack tar the brains and back
bone necessary to take care of him
self. If the experiment were to be suc
cessful, the Invigorated patient would
not long be found before the mast, but
at home on land with his head In a
comfortable bed at night and his legs
under a comfortable table three times
a day. As it is, he is the prey of
brutality on the ssa nnd the helpless
dependent cn other men's Initiative on
land. Ills business engagements are
the resultant of the- strongest forces
operating upon him, and these forces
are unfortunately those that commend
themselves to a low order of lntelll
gencc and a highly developed capacity
for wine, women and song, not to men
tion the creature comforts that are
accounted desirable In the forecastle,
All that stands In the way of the sail
or's shipping himself Is his own Inca
pacity; and hundreds of years of vain
expostulation, court discipline, mission
ary" labors and, upon occasion, violent
contact with marllnsplke afloat and
fierce liquors ashore, indicates that this
incapacity is insurmountable.
Yet it goes without saying that the
sailor's business helplessness cannot be
permitted. In a humane land, to sub
Ject him to the assaults of robbers and
cutthroats. There must be law for his
protection from physical abuse, and If
possible from extortionate- contracts.
Shipping agents are evidently Indis
pensable, but they" must be governed
by the police power of the community,
and those who demonstrate their unfit
ness by violence and crime must be for
bidden to ply their craft. This Is, as
we understand It, the purpose of the
bill pending at Salem; and It should be
enacted without longer delay. The fair
name of this port has suffered long
enough from these disgraceful manifes
tations of crime. The state has a duty
here which It cannot with credit
neglect.
WEBSTER'S IIADIT AS TO DRINK.
The Rev. Dr. Edward E. Hale, a
famous Unitarian, and the Rev. Dr.
Theodore L. Cuyler, a famous Presby
terian, have each published "Recollec
tions" of very busy and useful lives.
These fine old clergymen have both en
tered into their 81st year but continue
to write with vigor and freshness of
style. It is an Interesting fact that
both of these clergymen knew Daniel
"Webster In his prime, and directly con
tradict each other as to the matter of
Mr. Webster's intemperate use of alco
hoL Rev. Dr. Hale, who was the
schoolmate and classmate of Webster's
son Edward, who was killed In the
Mexican War, has this to say touching
the intemperate habits Imputed to
Daniel Webster:
Between the rears ISIS and 1SS2. when he
died. I must have seen blm thousands ot
times. I must have read thousands of let.
ters from him. I have been I know not how
often at his house. My father, as I say. was
his Intimate friend. Now, It was to me a
matter of the utmost personal surprise when
I found aTadually crowlnc up In this country
the Impression that Mr. weoster was often.
not to say generally, overcome with liquor
In the latter years ot his life. I like to say.
therefore, that In the course of twenty-six
years, runnlnr from the time I was 4 years old
to the time when I was 30. X never had a
dream or thought that he cared anythlnc
about wine or Honor certainly I never sup
posed that be used It to excess. What Is more,
I know that my own father, who lived to the
year ISC I. heard snch stories as these with
perfect disgust and Indignation.
In spite of this observation of Rev. Dr,
Hale, who certainly saw a great deal
of Webster, that there Is absolutely no
ground for the imputation of excessive
Indulgence in strong drink, the Rev.
Dr. Cuyler says:
The simple truth Is that during his visit to
England In 1540. he (Webster) was so Hon
lxed and feted at public dinners that he
brought home some convivial habits, which
rather grew' upon him In advancing years. On
several occasions be gave evidence that he was
somewhat under the Influence of deep pota
tlons. I once saw him when his Imperial
brain was raked with the cbalnsbot ot alco
hol.
John Sherman, in his "Memoirs,"
described a dinner on "Forefathers'
day" in Plymouth, Mass., at which he
as a young man was present. He had
accepted the gift of a ticket for the
dinner Iri order to see and hear Web
ster. On this occasion Webster sat "with
a group of his friends and drank heavi
ly. His potations showed In his voice.
his color, his whole countenance, but
when he rose to make the farewell
EDeech of the occasion, there was no
lack of dignity in his bearing, no lack
of gravity in his thought. It was 'a
fine, serious, stately address and the
man's -brain at least was riot Intoxi
cated. 4
The truth is that Webster was a man
of abstemious habits on all occasions
save banquets at which he was ex
pected to be the leading speaker. He
could not rise to the cheap demands
of such occasions without stimulants.
tor ne was naturauy a. griiv- uuui ui 1
nhiootn-iiiK femnomment. Dr. Hale met I
t--.-. 1- vi. r 11.- -H fmir.il him I
11 cysirt lit io iiiiit.tj ( ...... .
otrcot-.. -nhe- n-htio. rir rnvler met him
only at public banquets and political
gatherings', where he was sometimes willingness to tavor inai '""'-vi-oH
un h.A.thnl with a oorftlve opinion on any subject
t - .. tr 1. .irhi in I
niriucmHauic Jvnj -o - ...
contention that there should be a means
of compelling employes of the state to
pay their debts. His bill on the subject
. t . , ...ut.. l . ,1 .l
01 BarmsnrauTU I
to reach such public officer, as em- - Wdortment of opin
ployes at the state Institutions rather " , .leaUh, Japanese textile
than persons who hold elective state I
or county offices. There Is, however,
good reason why money in the treas-
ury should not be subject to garnish-
ment proceedings. Great annoyance
would ensue If the .alary of even" bad
debtor employed at state Institutions I
were to be garnished in the hands of
the State Treasurer. Perhaps an an-
swer to this is that if their wages
garnished, state employes
would pay their debts and there would
be no trouble. The question has two
sides, and perhapn more, so that It is I
not to be wondered at that the Legis- Homer before, but apparently ne- naa iur
intnr u ha vine tronli!.. with It. On the Kotten just what the hexameters contain;
one hand, the
Ita Am nlnt-An T mm 4 lis! If" frfill llnra Jinnl-
... u..r.v.. ...v... ... .
on the other, the state should not be
subjected to the annoyance of having
Its officers made parties to legal pro-
rewHmr. Thu dumnnd for a remedy In
this class of cases is of long standing
and should not be entirely negiectea.
If It be against public policy to permit
public oincera to be maue parties in
garnishment proceedings, might not the
remedy be provided in another way by
prohibiting the employment of persons j
who refuse to contribute a reasonable
proportion of their salaries to the pay
ment of their debts? Refusal to pay
Just debts might well be considered
sufficient causj for dismissal. A wrong
exists and there should be a remedy.
Railroads are maklnir excellent prog-
rers In China since the end of the Boxer
disturbance?. The German Shan Tung
Railroad completed 160 kilometers by.
, - ,., .,!, u
the end of 1901. The great trunk line
from Pekln to Hankow, on the iang-
tse. Is making steady progress, and the
road from Pekln via Tien Tsln to Nlu
Chwans has 901 kilometers in opera-
. T inni , 1 . .. rt t.1,..,, 1
una. m c u'J itiii.b,
a. iiiuusniiu iu.ira u,. ""t- -...w,
was visited by 348 steamers with a
carrying capacity of 300,000 tons. The
shlDDlr.ir trade of China for the year
1901 amounted to over 45,000,000 tons.
riiliauucs uuu --
tnrce limes tne annual enippiiiK irauc 1
, , , . , . . I
of the port or London. .Nearly nan tne
steamers were under" the British flag;
Japan was represented by 66 steamers
nnrf r.mrav v,v 41 rvml .viiibI tn ihp
best Webh artldeMs retailed at Chung
King, in the very heart of China, at
from $3 to $4 a ton. The tonnage of I
Shanghai in 1901 was 10,781.185 tons,
three-fifths as large as that of the
port of London, the greatest port in the
world. And the commercial and Indus-
trial possibilities of China are as yet
hardly touched.
Tnrtpflnltp rjostrionement without de
bate Is a pretty good way to get rid
, . ,;. v.. wn. tm
of a large number of the bills still re-
malnlng upon the calendars of the two
houses of the Legislature. There are
only fl-e working days left and this I
im win nn v. enfflpUnt for pnnlclir. I
.i ,i .i Km .....iii.. flnoi
"""" 1 ;rX Vo iu.
action. Oregon is not nearly so badly
in neea ot legislation as one migni
think It he Judged by the number of
bills that have been Introduced. In the
last days of a session, -when all Is
hurry and excitement and each mem
ber wants to get his pet measures
through, a few careful members who
watch the proceedings closely and seo
that no ImnroDer bills are rassd are
of great value to the state. Better that
a few meritorious measures be defeated
than that vicious legislation be passed.
Everyon; who has been around the
Legislature nas seen tne looDyisi wim
an Innocent looking bill that afterward
proves to have a graft in it. Such
measures consider the last days ot the
session their accepted time.
Through an error In classifying Sena
tor Detioe, of Kentucky, as a Democrat,
Instead of a Republican, In the table
of new Senators published In The Ore-
gonian of February 4. it is made to
nnnor that the Tlenubl cans have
"'' - . . .. "
gainea two eeais in me dei-uui u m
-
:h takes office
Is a Republi-
XT i- M,Pr
neitt ror tne senate wnicn
nn March 4. Mr. Deboe
..on nnrt l aircrertrA hv Mr. MeCrearv.
a Democrat. The summary will thus
stand: Old Senate 15 Republicans, 10
Democrats, 1 Populist; new Senate 16
Republicans. 10 Democrats; Republi
can gain, one.
t- ..i.onn nr lfiTt- raoontH- hi.
. j . . .., ,, n,,'i,..,
acted by the Australian Panlament.
every adult woman will be permitted
to vote at the Federal elections in 1901.
In New Zealand women have voted
since 1S33, and In South Australia since
1S94. In Australia. Of the 1.S27.0G0 VOt-
ers 973,000 will be males and 854.000 fe
males. In Victoria the women will be
able to cast. If they choose, 10,000 more
votes than the men. In the great city
of Sydney the women will have a ma-
tnrltv nf 20.000. and In Melbourne 26.000.
The only Ruspisai troops for whose
fighting qualities the Turks have any
respect are these of the Imperial Guard.
The Turkish army is far better than it
was twenty-five years ago, and It was
good enough then If It had been well
supplied with able, scientifically trained
commanders. The Turks repulsed all
cumiuuHuci.. . ' .
the frontal attacks of Skobeleff at
Plevna, where the great military engl-
neer. General Todleben, turned the po-
sltlnn ot the Turks by his skillful opera-
tlons.
Every one will agree that Oregon can
get along splendidly with two less
normal schools. The only question
upon which there- is disagreement Is,
"Which two?" In his annual message
the new Governor was emphatic in his
demand that two normal, schools be
discontinued. Cannot the Legislature
find a way to pass up to the Governor
the question: "Which two?" The Gov
ernor raised the question let him an
swer it.
Resignation of offlce that last device
of the sorely pressed Federal office
holder is not always allowed to cover
on enforced retreat- Peremptory die
missal is sometimes used In the prem
ises with telling effect.
ainch the Hauler Tank.
Modern Society.
"Mary, my love, things are so beastly
bad, don't you think you might have a
try at making your own clothes?"
"Oh, George, pet. I don't think I'm clev
er enough for that, but I'll tell you what;
I'll have a. try at making yours.""
HOMER, HORACE AND MR. CARNEGIE
New York Commercial Advertiser.
Tf Mr ramrele cossceses one trait
- ... -
which more than any other endears nun
to the heart of the public It Is his cheerful
whatsoever. Jot long ago 00 . b."-t.
out lone Interviews about the Philippines
- 0nl
and International politics In general,
Everybody knows that he is an expert on
the subject of iron and libraries. Avnen
.u.anil.. tnni-1irntff1 ns Lord RCCtOr Of a
. ..1 thoTcnrM
nrnHiir.t rinn!i.h ecca and the commercial
conflict of Europe with America, on
Thursday evening, over at tne ate-vena
Institute In Hoboken. he turned with easy
versatinty to the of Hme 'c critl-
J
It wln come ao a surprise to many of
re to learn that Mr. Carnegie has ever
betowed his valuable time upon reaams
what be casually aiyin """"
"ll' 5aa"' .
Vday. ago he had picked
nt random and that It proved
to be Homer. Now Mr. Camegte had read
& SSSeE
. 1 a
was disappointed. He got no ciuormnu
rom nm.r . all. To ouote him further:
"When I read of Achilles, praying for the
success of h!o country's encmlm because
hU own schemes went wrong, it. was too
, h,n,,h ,h nntinUe heroes unon whom
the - have been feeding their studentd for
centuries." .
Th! of course. Is the end of Homer.
Carnegie locutus est, causa 'flnlta est. It
may be permitted us, however, to con
sider Mr. Carnegie's dictum somewhat
more fully In order the better to under
stand the general principle which un
derlies It In all Its ramincations. uomei
represents Achilles as turning against his
own comrades ana
to be put aside and to be no more read.
But ShakcsDeare also has represented
rvirtnlnnus as dolnz Dreciselv the mm a
thing. Hence It behooves us nil to fight
ehy of Shakespeare, or. at any rate, to
view him with suspicion. More-er if we
push thU principle a little further. It will
Jntf rfere. rva.her' ser,ously wUh the study
of nistory. A history of Germany, for In-
etance. edited on the Carnegie plan, would
blot out all mention of the career of ai-
lcnsteln. American history would have to
suiiprrri) lue cuiauuc Ul xicucuiii aiiiuiu.
, ... . ., , . Th.
other faults and errors and crimes
whlch mortal man Is liable to commit and
of whose record all human history,
whether it be annallstlc or quasi-fictitious.
Jtuet literature mane no raen-
.. ...... .nl
IIHSn ... . J JW V. U O .J4.MU.V ...... " . .
inE.,
curiously enough, another "pagan" onco.
discussed this question of Achilles and
of Homer, though In a somewhat different
spirit from that which Inspired the Scotch
f,, Hacc 'of his
lnimifahi PnistiM h. tpii n friend that
during, his leisure hours at Praeneste ho
has been re-reading Homer precisely,
you see. like Mr. Carnegie. Horace even
completes the parallel by dwelling on
MlJiL0'
Homer, In this one narrative, has worked
out for us with wonderful vividness and In
a consreto form the terrible effects of un.
restrained ambition, self-indulgence, wrath
and lust. And he adds that this story Ih.
re,aUt"' .1 raoral le,ff,on' lauBh' moro
effectively than any philosopher, stfch as
chr.a,ppua an(1 cranr, CQuW 'tea, U
v,y any araount of abstract ethical inatruc-
tlon. Here we see. saya Horace, how the
wickedness of a single man can bring de-
siruction to a nost ot innocent persons.
and ho ends with the famous sentence.
"Whatever the Klngn do In their folly,
or thJa tne people. fcave to iuffer .. T
rCally looks as thouch there mlcht be
something after all In Homer upon which
I even the most modern students could be
"fed" to their advantage: for Homer
seems to contain a practical philosophy of
life which possibly has eaped the notice
of Mr. Carnegie. At any rate, Horace
tnougnt so; ana Horace Is Just as modern
I as any human man In Pittsburg or In
Glasgow In this our 20th century. Perhaps.
,h's devotion to Homeric study, the
gj?0' ,vf!2J!l!!, m,e?.w "l"-
we venture to commend to Mr. Carnegie's
notice a casual perusal of the epiatlc to
wmca wo nave referred.
The Private- Claim Raid
Kansas City Journal.
It is to be hoDed that the Senate, nml
If not the Senate, then the President, .will
maKe a firm stand against the represen.
tauves wno are trying to raid the treas
ury with bills for claims, most of which
would be outlawed by any respectable
statuto of limitations 'and many of which
bear upon their faces the evidence of their
I """" twu-uio privaw
I claims
vrrre rtncicA hv iha tTn,,ait I
cummuice ot tne wnoie. tmoay. They
were opposed by Mr. Payne, chairman of
the committee on ways and means; by
Mr. Cannon, chairman of thn rnmmlttA
committee of the whole. Friday. They
I Mr. Cannon, chairman of the committee
on appropriations, and by other Republi-
iuii icuucjs, uui wiu raiucrs, wno were
both Democrats and Republicans, and
ware led by Mr. Richardson, of Tennessee,
the nominal Democratic leader, were too
many for- the opposcrs, and they wero
defeated. Tha defenders of the treasury
I are not likely to have any better success
when the time comes for the House finally
to Qn lheje Wlfc A comb!natlo
ot Republican, and Democratls members
for "log-rolling" purposes Is notoriously
hard to beat- Each Individual In It Is
actuated by selfish motives to help tho
rccuruiriis ui uuiie ui um
bill and of theirs. It Is In this way that
the worst river and harbor steals are put
through: and the "private claims" steals
now being attempted will doubtless be
successfully made unless the benate or
the President has the courage to prevent
Venezuela' Ultlmntntn.
Chicago Evening Post
There la perhaps something amusing in
tho presentation by Venezuela, penniless,
bankrupt, helpless, ot an ultimatum to
the powerful allies, but the situation Is
not as paradoxical ns It .ooks at first
sight. Minister Bowen has the better of
tne argument, and one with c ylllzatlon.
right nnd decency Is a majority, it Is
m?raated too. that the position he his
taken as tho representative of Venezuela
indorsed by all of the "unallled" clalm-
ant nations. Including the United States.
There is jiot mo ininicst aanger, wo
Imagine, of our Government entangling
Itself with any antl-alllanceicomblnatlon.
and a good deal of the preaching and
moralizing on that subject Is sheer waste
of effort. But there Is nothing to re
strain this country, one of Venezuela's
creditors, from disapproving the arrange
ment proposed by Great Britain nnd Ger
many. The fact that several European
power entertain similar views does not
make tnem our nines. uiuin tvm
mnniiv nf interest Is not an entangling.
formal union of the sort forbidden by our
Interest and tradition.
SomethlnK Nerr In Cheeky Raids.
St. Paul Pioneer Press.
Ohlectlon is raised to the application ot
tho State Department tor an appropriation
. , , I-.. nn,t M..la. nfHitarq
tp enaoio uipiuumnu uu v.
to pay the expense returning to America
of such of our citizens as find themselves
abroad without any money In Ihelr pock
ets. It would certainly lead to numerous
amplications for the benefits of the pro-.
posed fund if it should be established If,
a certain class ot adventurers tounu tiicy
could go to Europe with Just enough
money to pay the outward passage and
have a ' "high old time" In London and
Paris, and then get free transportation
back to their native lano.
THE PEACEFUL CONTINENT.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
The geologists long ago discovered that
North America, as a land structure, must
be regarded as older than Europe- Recent
discoveries of the remains of primeval
man In the Southwest Indicate an earlier
development of the arts of civilization
upon this continent than In Europe.
In ISM Richard Wetherlll, of Mancos.
Colo., thought that something of value
might be found by digging under the stone
houses of the vanished race who dwelt In
the cliff caves of the Southwestern can
yons. He did not find the treasures he
soughr, but he did find that another
and different race had lived In these caves
long before the cliff-dwellers.
Subsequent researches, and notably
those of an expedition from the American
Museum of Natural History, which has
Just returned, leave practically no doubt
that these American cave-dweller3 lived
In glacial times- They were either con
temporaries of the cave-dwellers ot the
Seine and Thames Valleys, whom Haeckel
dates 270.0CO years ago, or lived even far
ther back.
Judged by their weapons, the American
cave-dwellers were much older than the
European. The latter had spears and ar
rows with points ot bone nnd stone. In
weapons the Americans had advanced no
farther than the throwing stick. Wheth
er this lack of development of weapons Is
to be taken as a sign of much earlier date.
or resulted from social conditions that
made weapons unnecessary, la uncertain.
It Is certain, however, that the American
cave-dweller was far ahead of .the Eu
ropean In the Industries and arts.
The American cave-aweuer was Detter
dressed than the European. He was able
to preserve from decay the bodies o tho
dead In a manner equal to the art of the
ancient Egyptian, though by a different
nrocess. He could make pottery, an art
ot which no trace has been found among
the remains of paleolithic man in turope.
Judced bv the remains of his clothing,
his basketry, and his pottery, he was far
ahead of the European cave-dweller in
nrtlstlc taste.
From these facts the Inference may De
drawn that the North American Continent
was then in a social condition similar in
certain ways to the present. It would
irrm tn "have been a land of peace and
industry, rather than ot war. Its people
had not felt the necessity of developing
weapons, as their successors did. ana as
the European cavc-uweiiers um. incy uo
nnt s-im to have been compelled to strug-
irl rnntlnuallv with wild animals and
with onel another In order to live. They
had either time or temperament or doiu
fnr th nrts of neace.
Tt this as It mav. the fact remains tnai
the oldest specimens of tho works of
peace have been found in America. While
lhA snvnpps that Inhabited what Is now
modern Europe were cutting one anoth
er's throats on every possmie occasion
thpse early Americans had managea to
find out how to live together without any
TtrnnrdInarv amount ot nomicme.
Though possibly earlier than the corre
sponding European peoples in ume. mc
were Immensely aneaa oi mem u .n-i-mttnn
an enuired bv the absence ot war.
Pprhans thev were too culturea to lasi.
for they passed away and ages of war
followed. But the conditions inai en
abled them to develop Industrial rather
than military skill have been reproduced
In modern times. North America is today
the peaceful continent above all others.
It3 people have proved that they can
fight 33 well as others, on occasion, but
they have also been able In greater num
bers than any others to live together with
little use of arms.
tf mnv ho that the dancer mat inreui.
ens tne American pewm ' v
their predecessors SOO.000 years ago or so
seem to have succumbed. They may be
come too peaceful, cultured, and weak to
stand up against aggressive neisnuui.
The point, in view of certain recent ten
worthy of consideration.
However, for the present North America
Is. ns It must have Deen men, lire-
v.a refill continent, and. there
fore, destined to surpass Europe, as it
did then. In the arts of peace.
The Knlser mid lllfilier Criticism.
New York Evening Post.
Emperor William's open patronage of
some of the most radical of the higher
critics of the Bible Is a vof rather of
his versatility than ot his caution. Eyen
In Germany they are a little shy of seeing
the indebtedness of the Old Testament to
Assyrian and Egyptian Ideas laid bare. In
theological circles In this country tho
name of Professor Delltszch has been one
with which to affright the timid. There
you see what you are coming to with your
audacious Inquiries-turning the book of
Daniel Into a Chaldean myth, and making
out Jahavch to be a Babylonian concep
tion! American theological students still
go to Germany, however, on fellowships,
though they are expected to return with
out the smell of heretical learning upon
their garments.
Can Men Worlt Top HnrdT
rinrlnnatl Enaulrcr.
President Eliot, of Harvard. Is of the
opinion that no man can work too hard.
T3,ihi -Prnfessor Eliot has never tried
It. Let him go to the country some day
tnVe note of some farmer who has
gone forth with his hoe at sunrise every
morning and worked till sunset, and is
, j "w" t K and
I bowed, broken and .umatlc at and
dies In the : 50s j. Iwtaj the farm he has
paid for with hard work to some oun
PaI1
feller" who has captured nis aausuier
with a horse and buggy
A Beresfortl Eplcrnm.
New York Sun.
rra,--Artm!ral Lord Charles Beresford.
C B.. produced on weanesaay nigm a.
maxim of wisdom which we beg leave to
Qonarate from the rest of his remarks to
the pilgrims. "Batiiesnips aiv wi-upci
than war." Was there ever delivered a
n- nr shorter sDeech In favor of ade
quate appropriations for the United States
Navy for additional seo power aa a saw
guard of peace?
All Seem to Think Alike,
lsvllle Courier-Journal.
When Democrats criticised President
Roosevelt's appointment of Addlcks' man
Byrne they were denounced by Roosevelt
partisans as actuated by "malice." Now
that a Republican commmee ima
m.nrlerl the relectlon of this nomination.
it n-miirt seem that Democrats are not
alone In their crime ol lese-majesie. ui..
over Its motive.
"If I Were Kind."
Francois Villon.
Whilom, when Alexander reigned.
A man that high Dlomede?.
Before tho nmr-eror wns arraigned.
Bound hand and feet, like as one sees
A thief. A skimmer of the sas.
Of those that course It far and nlsh
He "was, and so, as one of these
They brought him to do doomed to 'die.
Tho Emperor bespoke him thus:
"Why art thou a sea plunderer?"
The other one. nowlw tlmotous.
"Why dost thou call me a. plunderer, slrT
Is It perchance because I oar
Upon so mean a bark the sea?
Could I but arm me with thy gear
I would be Emperor like to the.
"What woulds't thou have? From some fate
That uses m with uesji.ic
As I on nowise can abate.
Arises this, my evil pllsht.
Ixt me nnd -favor In thy sight
And have In mind the common law:
In penury Is little rlfsht:
Necessity knows no man s law.
Whereas the Emperor to his. suit .
Had harkened. much be wondered.
"And I thy fortune will commute
From bad to good." tu n!m he said.
And did. Thenceforward Diomcd
Wronsed none, but was a true man, aye.
Thus have I In Valerius read, )
Of Kome styled greatest In his Oiy.
if God had granted me to find
A kins of like great-heartedness.
That had fair Fate to me assigned.
Stooped I thenceforward to exceas
Or 11U I would myself confess
Worthy to die by Are at stake.
Necessity makes folks transgress.
And want drives wolves from the brake.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Who sent the Infernal old comic thins.
anyhow?
Anyhow, the Legislature has stopped ona-
Drain on the treasury.
Some think that Morgan's long speeches
for the canal delay it more than the rail
road obstructionists.
Don't eamble on early settlement ot tho
Watcrbury strike. It's one of those things.
that are not wound up in a hurry.
Latest reports, on unimpeachable testi
mony, show that no less than 17 different
men are to be elected Senator the last
night of the session. Tes, and with sev
eral counties yet to hear from.
Magnum, O. T., has soma blue laws
which would do honor even to Connecti
cut. Even the electric light plant does
not run on Sunday because the manager
was notified to keep It shut down under
penalty of prosecution for violating the
Sunday law. Causing the electric light
plant to shut down Saturday night at 12
o'clock nnd remain shut down until Mon
day morning Is rather Inconvenient, and
attempts are being made to have the law
modified.
The genus of editor that can still sling
Ink with breezy emphasis Is going the
way of the dodo, but specimens are still
found. Mr. Baysc, of the Belleville (Kan.)
Telescope, is one ot them. A paper in a
neighboring town criticised the gentleman
who represents Mr. Bayse's district In tho
Legislature. The editor began his reply
thiswise: "From time Immemorial It has
been customary for ants and fleas and
files and fools, scoundrels and scalawags
and skunks. Januses, Jackasses and Ju
dases, lizards, leeches and lice to assail
mankind In general, and their superiors
in particular. The attack last week," etc
There Is not a single newspaper man.
regularly employed on the Salt Lake
Evening News. This is no reflection on
the newsgatherers of that publication, but
a simple fact. All of them aro married.
It has been Just about a year since the
News inaugurated a new policy. At tho
time it had on Its local force three frolic
somo bachelors Eugene Lewis, W. 3.
Watson and Hugo Wells. One day tho
edict went forth that every reporter on
the paper had to get married or walk the,
plank. When the story was printed in tha
Tribune it was denied by the editor of tho
New3 and treated as a Joke. The three re
porters also took It as a joke. Now their
places are filled by married men.
John Mitchell told a story recently In the,
Clover Club, of Philadelphia, which was of
H certain grim humor. Mr. Mitchell was
In his first suit of evening dress. He was
talking about the seriousness of life, and
his story bore out his view. He said there
were- two sisters, seamstresses, who lived
In a little room and earned their bread by
sewing. They were young and pretty, but
seldom laughed: they never wore comely
clothes; they did nothing but sit In a
stooped attitude, sewing all day and a
good part of the evening. One night when
she was quite worn out with labor the)
younger said to the older sister: "Oh.
dear! I wish we were both dead!" The
older sister's mouth took on a grim smile
as she returned: "Be still and work hard.
Business before pleasure."
Reed and McKInler.
Washington special to the New York Ban-t-
t?.i hart convictions about money
and 'finance, and he had no sort of pa--
tlence with those men in puDiic me wnoau
convictions disagreed with his or who
seemed to lack all conviction. While ha
got along tolerably wen win jt-resiaent
McKinlev. on eeneral grounds he early
distrusted his stability as a friend of tho
gold standard, even after tne ciecuon ot
1S96 and the following Inauguration. Tha
chiefs subject for legislation for that ses
sion. In his opinion, was the money ques
tion. He was Speaker, holding in his
hands, under rules prepared lor tne pur
pose ot transacting business, the power
to advance to law any policy ndopted by
the Administration. Mr. Reed did not
find the inaugural address of the President
easily convertible Into a dm mat wouiu,
unequlvocally establish the gold standard
and banish all fear of free silver coinage.
To get at the purpose of the President
he made an eany visit . w mo m.a
House, and In a day or two ne repemeu.
his call, staying rather longer on tno
second call than on the first'
To a newspaper man wno asuea iuc
news about the objects of these visits,
he explained, with on injunction of se
crecy that Is now raised: "The fact is, I
made my first trip because, having looked
for the President's policy In his message,
and not finding it, I wanted to have It
from him directly. I was with the Presi
dent an hour, and when I got back to my
room and attempted to make an Inventory
of what I had brougnt wun me. i iuuuii
n.t t hnfl nnthlne but a recollection ot
having been talked to for about 50 mlnte
by a most araiaDie gentleman. ""
me nothing about any policy whatever.
My second call was made with the deter
mination to ao some uuwus
Well. I talked and McKInley talkedr and
when I came away I had reached the con
clusion that I should never know tha
money policy of the President, and that It
would never De Known iu v."s'i
McKInley could not tell what It was. and
If the Almighty knew It, he could not bo
expected to communicate It to Congress
In a special message."
Tlicy Walked Into the Dltcn.
Cincinnati Enquirer,
n i. nil rlcht. of course, for the allied
powers to object to being put In a hole by
Minister Bowen. but they should havo
gone about the Venezuelan business with
their eyes open. They deliberately walked
Into the excavation, and this wakens their
present objections. They have, at least.
learned mat an tne uiyiumaia uu nw.
live In the Eastern Hemisphere.
rLEASAXTRIES OF 1MRAGRAIMIERS
lie Dut poverty Is no disgrace. She I'a-m,
no; but mere aro m iutjiw w,
it, either. Judge.
Dolly-Oraclous. did Mrs. de Styles retuie to
belong to the "100"? Folly Yes; sne waniea
to belong to the "3W It wouia seem mora
like a bargain that way. Baltimore Herald.
Ttrl-m When Baxter says he would like to
be a better man. I'm afraid he deceives him
self. Griggs That's all right. He'd rather
cheat himself than cheat nobody at all.
Boston Transcript.
Phrapper (after his tenth miss) Oh. hang
the blrdst Keeper Sorry, sir. but vre ain't
got no strlrz: but If you likes to let me have
tbe gun I'll shoot 'em for you. Glasgow
Evening Times.
"Now. Johnny." said the teacher, who had
been describing a warship to the class, "how
Is the deck dlvldedr' "A deck Is divided,
replied the bright boy. "Into spades, hearts,
diamonds and clubs." Philadelphia rres.
Ida So you belong to an anti-swearing
league Have you accomplished much good?
May Yes. Indeed. Ahy. wa have persuaded
some of the South Water street teamsters to
say "Oh. fudge!" when their teams tangio
up. Chicago Dally News.
"This Is what I cr.ll a gilt-edge Invest
ment." said the persuatlve agent. "Yes."
answers Farmer Corntossel. "but that's Just
how It wan with the sold brick I bought. Tho
edges were fine, but the Inside was a delu
sion and a snare." Washington Star.
This town." said "the Western boomer,
"was rractlcally built In a. day. Wa do
things In a hurry out here." "No daubt.' re
plied the man from the East., "but I. am mora
Interested In receiving some assurance that
It will not disappear In a day."-Chlcago Erea
ng Post.
J