THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1903.
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TODAY'S WEATHER Generally fair: north
erly winds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tern.
perature, 49; minimum temperature, 41; pre
cipitation. 0.00 Inch.
FORTLAXD, WEDNESDAY, FED. 11.
TTJBTTFICATIOjr OP WATERWAYS,
The portage railroad around the dalles
of the Columbia Is not conceived in any
quarter as a permanent solution of the
difficulty there; It is but a temporary
expedient, designed to afford relief to
shippers until the Federal Government
does its duty with the canal and locks.
But there is no more important factor
la the development and prosperity of a
country like ours than the perfection of
waterways. This thing is well under
stood in Europe, where harbors have
been made and canals constructed; to
the tremendous cheapening of transpor
tation charges. It was once understood
la this country as the Erie Canal and
Sault Ste. Marie, with their revolution
ary effect on commerce, bear witness.
But the growth of railroad power has
operated to, the delay of the Nicaragua
Canal, the abandonment of some domes
tic canals and the decline of others, and
opposition to some of the most promls-
ing waterway undertakings on the con
tinent
The farmers of the Columbia Basin
compete in the markets of the world
with the poorest-paid labor of Asia, end
South America. They can continue to
do this, only upon condition that they
are permitted to get the benefit of their
1 rains. Their brains and the brains of
.their fellow-laborers In the United
States give them labor-saving machln
cry end cheap transportation. But they
will get the full measure of their re
sources only If the carriage to tidewater
Is given the benefit of Improved water
ways. An open. Columbia River Is the
principal element in the local transpor
tation problem. As long as the dalles
are closed to navigation' our farmers
are subjected to cruel hardship.
Those who care to pursue the Interest
log subject of waterways and their ef
fect on cost of transportation will find
an excellent discussion of It In the Jan- 1
ttary Forum by Mr. Lewis M. Haupt,
ne weu-Kuown engineer. wnai ne I
shows concerning the Erie and Sault
oie. aiane canais can De enectiveiy ap-
plied to the project of opening the Co
lumbla. These undertakings are In line
with the soundest public policy, and
their neglect wrould be arrant Injus
tice to those who support the Govern
ment through customs and Internal
xervenue. And these Investments In the
nd yield many times their cost, by vir
tue of the benefits conferred through
cheap carriage.
SIIIUXICAGB OF SALT LAKE.
Great Salt Lake Is subject to remark
able alternations of rise and fall in the
level of Its waters. The level now is
"tower by more than three feet than ever
before known, since observation began
to make a record. A periodicity Is ob-
served la the rise and fall, but there
has not been sufficient length of time
since the observation began, to Justify
the formation of an opinion as to the
regularity of the movement Apparent-
ly the rise and fall depend much, but
not wholly, on variations of the amount
of precipitation. TTrom 1S47 to 1886 the
surface of the lake was rising. Since
1886 It has fallen 11 feet 7 Inches. De
crease of precipitation during the six
teen years since 1886, and continual In
crease of the use of water for irrigation
are the apparent causes. For the period
olnce 18S6 the deficiency of precipitation.
as compared with the cycle precedlnc
that year, has been nearly two inches
per annum, or 29.60 Inches during the
space of sixteen years. The loss from
Irrigation is difficult to estimate, since
much of the water thus used finds Its
way back, either directly or by conver-
slon through exhalation and vapor. Into
new precipitation.
Mr. L. H. Murdoch, Section Dl-
rector of the. Uqlted States Weather
Bureau, In on article in the Na -
tlonal Geographical Magazine, writes
that the present area or the lake
Is about 1750 square miles. The
drainage basin In which It lies is about
twenty times that area. Within this
basin the average annual precipitation
Is about fourteen inches. Evaporation
from the surface of the lake is esti
mated at five feet per annum. Unques
tionably thelake will continue to shrink
if there be no Increase of precipitation,
and It will dry up, ultimately. But It
Is probable1 another wet cycle will begin
at no distant time though no one can
foretell It, or give a reason why. The
salt lake in the valley of Mexico, on the
border of which the Aztec city ctood
when Cortez invaded the country then
no inconsiderable body of water has
dow almost disappeared. What Is left
of It is merely a miry salt marsh. Sueh
may be the fate of Great Salt Lake. At
one time it was, as geologists believe.
a lake far exceeding Its size in recent
times. It probably had an outlet through
Snake River into the Columbia. If so,
it was a vast body of fresh water, which
-began to be salt only when by defi
ciency of precipitation or other cause It
became a closed lake.
ELIOT ox population.
President Eliot's strictures on excess
in atnieuca ana ius opinion xnat. post-
fa - -""""'-
may be unreservedly indorsed; but
when he deplores the small families or
no families of the highly cultivated as
a' thing to be reprimanded if not Indeed
extirpated, he gives himself booties
concern about something for which
there is no help and something which
is probably on the whole the best ar
rangement possible. Agitation Is unde
sirable in a Harvard man, anyway, and
, the course of Nature is something it is
rarely profitable to seek to Interfere
with.
The fertility of the human race Is In
inverse ratio to culture, possibly to In
telligence. This is a universal law. It
applies to modern London or Boston as
much as to the ancient world to Ger
many as well as France. It forms a
part of the general system by which
Nature prevents overcrowding of the
race. Every stage of human develop
ment has its peculiar checks on popula
tion. What starvation and massacre
achieve in savagery, the love of ease
and the pride of luxury afford to the
cultivated. It la unnecessary to expati
ate upon the reasons why devotees of
literature, art ana fashion content them
selves with small families, or with no
children at all, or even without mar
riage. They are familiar to all; and
they are not amenable to reason. These
matters are no more referable to public
policy or religious mandates than love
Is to the locksmith. Accept them, there
fore, without protest or alarm.
There Is no great loss. The highly
cultivated are not necessarily more
fitted for perpetuation of the race than
are the children of the soil. We require
many things for offense and defense of
organized society. In advance of poise I
and Intonation. The highly cultivates
are not the best soldiers, builders or
traders. They are not the most aeara-
ble parents, either. In many ways.
Their children are likely to be without
the struggle which in early life or not
at all gives strength for the supreme
battles. Inheritance can give the child
strong body and to some extent a moral
Intensity, but it Is one of the plainest
and most pathetic facts of human ex
perience that intellectual power oannot
be transmitted. The greatest of earth
left no descendants. The family of
Shakespeare has perished from among
the living and Napoleon's only child
died a weakling at 2L So of Milton, so
of Cromwell, so of Washington. The
children of the great as a rule belong
to hopeless mediocrity. Many of them
ore Imbecile, many ore vicious and de
praved, many of them are crushed by
the weight of their name and expecta
tions, or seduced by the Indulgence
which power puts within their reach.
And it is better so. If the superior
circumstanced in life perpetuated them
selves as prosperously as the poor, the
"stilt would be an aristocracy of brains
and accomplishments which would do
away with the healthy ferment of soci
ety and prevent the present accession
to power of sons of the soil. The ruling
classes would be Impregnable and Mark-
ham's man with the hoe would be a
reality instead of a libel. How long
would this continent resist the encroach
ments of Europe If It were peopled with
Charles Eliot Nortons and Edward At
kinsons? "How long would the world
have looked In vain for escape from
kingly tyranny If it had waited for the
devotees of philosophy and fashion to
clear the way?
IMrEXDIXG WAR IX THE BALKAN'S.
If Turkey refuses reform of political
and civil abuses In Macedonia upon the
present advice of Russia and Austria, a
general revolt on the part of that prov
ince Is Inevitable. In that event Bul-
r-nrln will mnkf. common cause with the
-ir..n,nrj!in revolutionists and Servla
wm not iong stand aloof after the fight-
i7,n vo-inn Turkev. hv her moblll-
)nr, nf 2S0 ooo men howa that he
anticipates trouble In the Spring. Rus-
sian troops are massing along the Rou-
manlan frontier, and Austria is pouring
troops into Bosnia. There is no doubt
about the reality of the Sultan's atro
cious misgovernroent of Macedonia,
which is so gross that, it has aroused
both the Christian and Ottoman popula-
tlons to revolt against the misrule of
the corrupt governing class. There Is
no doubt about the right of Russia and
Austria to enforce the pledges of the
treaty of Berlin regarding the reform of
political abuses In Macedonia. Under
I that treaty the enforcement of these
pledges Is the promised duty also of
I Great Britain, France and Germany.
If the Sultan refuses the proposed re-
forms, which Include the appointment
of a Christian Governor of Macedonia
with practically full powers, and war
I takes place, of course the united mlll-
I tary strength of Russia and Austria
would soon drive the Turk out of Eu-
I rope. Then what? w ouid Germany
I and Great Britain think it worth while
I to Interfere and save the Sultan's "face"
I as the powers of Europe did in 1878,
when the victorious Russians stood be
fore the gates of Constantinople? Great
Britain would not care to Interfere, and
would be content with full sovereignty
la Egypt and the Nile Valley. Germany
I and France would naturally make for a
shore in the Turk's spoliation. Italy, of
course, would grow petulant over the
I aggrandizement of Austria, but would
be powerless unless backed by Ger-
many. What would Germany do IT
I Russia and Austria by Joint military
I advance pushed the Turk out of Eu-
I rope and occupied Constantinople?
I The chances ore that Germany would
I do nothing, because France Is the ally of
1 Russia, and the superior naval strength
1 of France would make interference by
I Germany only effective by land. Such
interference would mean a gigantic war
with' Russia on -the part of Germany,
but such a war Germany could not af
ford with her Western face open to di
rect attack from. France. The mere
question of a share In the spoliation of
the Turk or division of Asia .Minor
would not be worth the risk and cost of
great war between Germany and
Russia. Germany cannot afford It, as
Russia has France for an ally, and Ger
many, despite the Venezuela Incident,
has managed to incur the Ill-will of
England. Emperor William does not
care to pay the enormous price of a
Continental war. If the Sultan was
driven out of Europe he would probably
pitch his throne In Damascus and ac
cept whatever dignity his conquerors
might award him.
The powers of Europe saved .his
throne from Mehemet All In 1S39; they
saved him from Russia In 182S, In 1851
and in 1S78. The Sultan may dodge his
fate again by (suddenly yielding at the
last, or the mediation of Germany may
obtain for him another lease of life.
But bis day of departure from Europe
ousrht not to be very far distant. His
presence Is a political and religious ana- I
chronlsm; he owes everybody and he
pays nobody save in promise so It Is
about time to'treat him as a dead body
Uc proceed t0 administer upon
hi. estate nprqnnaJ and landed TjrODertv.
With the Turk expelled from Europe,
Asia Minor would become the residence
of the Sultan. The construction of the
Bagdad Railway, with the terminus on
the Persian Gulf, which German capital
hopes to build, would be a serious detri
ment to British interests, so Great Brit
ain would probably not be sorry to see
Russian success frustrate this enter
prise. It is true that Russia wants to
build a line through Persia to the In
dian Ocean, while It is part of the Brit
ish policy to connect Europe with India
by a railway system, and England has
been anxious to reach an agreement
with Russia in regard to Persia, but
England has probably reached the com
mon sense conclusion that she cannot
expect to obtain and retain everything
while conceding nothing. She cannot
circumvent both Germany and Russia,
and she is safer against the rivalry of
Russia between Bombay and Bagdad
than she would be against that of Ger
many. Great Britain has already declared
her purpose to extend her Indian road
to the eastern boundary of Beloochlstan,
and thence through Persia to the Gulf.
What both England and Russia want Is
to obtain from Turkey Kowelt, at the
northern extremity of the Persian Gulf,
the terminus of the projected Persian
Railway. If Turkey was pushed out of
Europe, perhaps a British fleet might
seize it. It Is clear that Germany is
more interested In Asia Minor through
the Bagdad Railway than In any quar
ter of the globe, and the Interests of
England and Russia are only second to
those of Germany. How far these con-
sideratlons would nerve to nrevent war I
wih the Sultan and his ultimate ex-
pulsion f r0m Europe It is not easy to de-
clde. Propositions for the abatement of
,he sultan as a Dolltical evil are always
met like propositions for the extirpa
tion of the social evil, viz., that because
it cannot be cured It must needs be
endured.
WHAT IS ARID LAND I
It would seem that tbe difference be
tween timber land and arid land ought
to be enough to prevent such a mistake
as appears to have been made In the
Walker Basin, near the headwaters of
the Deschutes. The Oregon Develop
ment Company selected 68.000 acres of
land there to be reclaimed under the
Carey act. The state appointed an en
gineer to examine the land and the
project for its reclamation; and upon
his report the contract for the work way
signed and the whole matter passed up
to the Secretary of the Interior, whose
approval would set the whole enterprise
on its feet. But Secretary Hitchcock
sent his special agent. Colonel A, R,
Greene, to make an examination, and he
wk Basin was not arid, but he
made photographs showing conclusively
that much of it supported a thick
growth of black pine, for the most part
trees up to six Inches In diameter.
There Is no dispute, we believe, as to
the fact that much of the land In that
selection bears these small trees. The
question now arises as to the aridity of
such soil. Is the presence of these trees.
under natural conditions, proof that the
land does not fall la tbe class subject
to reclamation under the terms of the
Carey act? Heretofore land upon which
ordinary farm crops could not be grown
with average assurance of success, ex
cept by the application of water artifi
cially, has been held by the Interior De
partment to be arid. No trees were
mentioned In this construction of the
law. As to whether the land selected
In the Walker Basin will produce crops
without Irrigation, there Is room for dif
ference of opinion. Ordinarily It may
he reckoned that the common run of ac-
rlcultural crops will grow under the
cocaiuone mat will produce a pine sap.
HntT. This leaves the burden of proof
uPn tn Oregon Development Company
t0 snow hat such land is. in the eye of
the law, arid.
Two other reclamation projects In the
Deschutes Valley are In the hands of
the department. The Pilot Butte Devel
opment Company has selected 84,707
'acres and the Columbia Southern Irrl
gatlon Company has taken nearly 23,000
acres, both having contracts with the
state. Each of these Is to be settled
upon Its merits, and the decision in the
Walker Basin case is no indication of
the treatment that will be given the
others. It Is not entirely safe to assume
that a rule that will prevent reclama
tion under the Carey act would keep the
Government out of the field, for a more
liberal definition of arid land will per
mit Government activity where Carey
law operators would be expelled. This
would be a rather narrow and technical
construction, however, and it is hardly
likely that the Government will take
hold where It has turned others out be
cause of the non-arid character of the
solL
TRY ACAIX, SENATORS.
What Is. the matter with the Senate
committee on elections? Its members
for tbe most part profess Interest In the
reform of primary elections and the di-
rect nomination of candidates. Yet here
I wltn me session nearly live-sixths gone
the best the committee does Is to report
I unfavorably a bill which It Is free to
I characterize as an Improper measure.
This is not tne way to get anead with
ballot reform, honest elections or honest
nominations.
If this bill Is so bad, -why doesn't the
committee on elections bring in Its own
bill and ask for its passage? It need
have no fear of successful opposition.
They charge the bill's adherents with
supporting It purely out of desire fgr
direct nominations, but without ade
quate knowledge of Its weak points. It
is an Insufficient reply. What on earth
Is a committee for If It Is to be content
with reporting crude measures precisely
as they are Introduced and then point
out their defects In open session?
We suspect thaj direct primaries are
opposed by party men because of some
secret fear that they will Interfere with
the successful maintenance of party or
ganization. A little reflection should
show the folly of this fear; for no mere
mechanism of ballots can take from the
strong their Influence or Imbue the weak
with power. But we do not have to de
pend on theory, for the thing has been
tried, and experience shows that while
party organization is limited In the ex
ercise of improper and dangerous power
Its normal and rightful function is
strengthened. There is nothing in the
operation of direct primary nominations
Inimical to. such partisan activity as
would command the approval and enlist
the co-operation of men like Senators
Kuykendall. Marsters and Mays.
Under the direct nomination system
the nominee's connection with the party
machine dates from his nomination la
stead of before it. His every Interest
propels him to close relationship with
the central committee, and the central
committee is moved by every considera
tion of self-interest to promote the nom
inee's campaign for election. Their mu
tual Interests, therefore, become as
strong for all legitimate party purposes
as if the organization bad dictated the
candidate's nomination over the heads
of his rivals. The difference Is that he
has established his claim on the nomi
nation in a fair contest in an open Held.
The difference Is that the successful
nominee has the clear title of popular
support, while the defeated aspirants
cannot bolt the ticket on the plea of
having been turned down by an ambi
tious and implacable boss. The -differ
ence, so far as the organization is con
cerned, is that their ticket is composed
of men who have already established
their running powers in the preliminary
tryout. The result inevitably Is Btronger
tickets and better officials.
The Oregonlan has little doubt that
the direct nomination system has com
mended Itself to the people of Oregon
and to the members of the Legislature,
from their observation of Its workings
In Minnesota, Nebraska, South Carolina
and elsewhere. There should be no be
trayal of the reform by Indirect meth
ods. There Is yet time for the Senate
committee to bring in a properly drawn
bill and secure Its passage. There Is
yet time for the House to send to the
Senate something on the general lines of
the Crolsan bill, with Its objectionable
features eliminated. If the House will
do this, the Senate will hardly withhold
its consent to the perfected measure.
The New Tork Financial Chronicle
publishes the annual estimates of the
world's production of gold and silver for
the year 1902. That of gold foots up
J30X5S9.S62. against S266,559,S84 the pre-
vlous year. The highest yield of any
year (that of 1899) was J311.650.233. The
remarkable fact is that the world's pro
duction is now within $10,000,000 of what
It- was when the South African yield
was at Its maximum. In 1S99 the out
put of the latter was $73,227,100. In 1902
It was only $40,000,000. When the Trans
vaal mines are turning out their usual
quantity the total annual product will
probably be $25,000,000 larger than that
of last year, unless there should be a
falling off In other countries. There has
been some decline In Canada, whose
production for 1902 was only $19,500,000,
against $24,100,000 In 1901, and $27,900,000
In 1900. On the other hand, the output
of Australia has Increased about $7,000,-
000 and that of the United States about
$2,200,000. as compared with 190L More
remarkable than the world's production
of gold, however, is that of silver, which
has shown a steady Increase In the face
of declining prices. The out-turn of the
year 1S91 and of the past four years was
as follows:
Tear. Ounce. Value.
1S31 137.905.413 $1:4.474.000
1S39 1B7.I24.243 03.12S.4CO
1900 173.S3S.S73 US.S71.84U
1001 174.998.573 9S.344.640
1903 178.80tf.0S4 S7.431.8S0
A curious fact Is that the largest pro
duction of sliver the world has ever
known In a single year (1902) took place
when the metal was selling at the low
est price ever- known.,
The rush for city jobs Is unprece
dented. This la saying a great deal, but
it is, according to veracious testimony.
true. Being true, it is in plain disre
gard of the law of supply and demand
that salaries of city officials have in
many Instances been raised by the reor-
ganlzed city administration. This Is, to
say the least. Indiscreet. An old law.
founded upon actual, existing condi
tions, cannot be violated without disre
gard of the rights of somebody. In this
Instance that somebody Is a noun of
multitude and represents the taxpayers
of the municipality of Portland. There
is always a weak point in the generosity
that is generous with a trust fund.
The murderer of Sheriff Withers, of
Tjino Coimtv. has been safely lodired In
the County Jail at Eugene. The com
munity of which the dead Sheriff was
an honored and useful member was nat
urally shocked and Indignant at his
cowardly murder, while In discharge of
his official duty. But it is a law-abiding
community, and well content to let the
law deal with the murderer and his ac
complice If It shall be shown that he
had one. Elliot Lyons will be executed
In due time and In accordance with civil
procedure. The assurance of this Is In
the abiding sense of justice In an or
derly community outraged by a good
man's untimely taking on.
The bill of Senator Marsters providing
that all legal executions shall take place
at the State Penitentiary is a measure
both of political economy and public
morals. The scenes around the Incis
ure within which a scaffold Is being
erected for several days prior to an exe
cution and the excitement that runs riot
in the vicinity. In which a crowd of
men, women, girls and boys jostle each
other In the 'hope of securing a glimpse
of the proceedings at some stage of their
progress, afford sufficient proof of the
truth of this estimate.
Senator Aldrlch's currency bill Is cer
tainly in the interest of stock speculat
ors; but he shduld not be permitted to
call it a measure In aid of an elastic
currency. A currency that will expand
easily and contract not at all Is not elas
tic. This Is the weak point In all the
reform bills, and that Is why Aldrlch's
with the rest they are more dangerous
than worthless.
Representative Gault makes a. fierce
onslaught on the dalles portage bill In
order to punish Portland. We trust
this incident will not escape the notice
of our Eastern Oregon friends who have
charged Portland with indifference to
the enterprise. If Portland doesn't
want the portage road, Mr. Gault at
least couldn't find It out.
The removal of the duty on coal, we
were assured by the tariff Bourbons,
would have no effect on its price. Tet
as Importations come In the price goes
down. This is hard on the Bourbons,
but possibly they will refuse to see.
"Does you believe yo" honey or your
eyes?" is the appeal to which they can
hardly turn a deaf ear.
Senator Kean Is much moved because
prominent Mormons have more influ
ence than the mere ordinary run of cit
izens. It is a vain desire that the man
of force be shorn of his power. Mormon
or pagan as vain as the Bryanic plaint
that the poor are not rich, or our own
familiar discontent that tbe East Side
is not west ot the river.
APPEAL FROM CENTRAL OREGON
Prlnevllle Review. I
Crook Cbuntv. one of the best and most
prollflc counties In the state of Oregon,
Is suffering from two sources, which, when
remedied, will tend to completely revolu-
tlonlza thlnirs within her borders and
make our county one of the flrst in
wealth and Importance. The flret is I
want of Irrigation, which we believe will
be properly attended to under the National
irrigation law. The second Is lack of
traneporatlon facilities, which at the pres-
ent time aonear to be somewhat muddled,
The Columbia Southern Railroad Com-
pany says It Is its Intention to build
into this county, but owing to the Har-
rlman system ownlnif and controlling
things they are at present unable to ex-
tend, unless one of two tnmgs happens.
and that is that either for Harriman to
allow them to build or else let Portland
step In and aid the work of extension
alone
If the Harriman system still objects to
the extension of thin road then let them
commence a road at Trie Danes to run
Into this county, as such a road would
not be compelled to be under the Harriman 1
system or any other system, but have an
outlet by water. The Portland cnamrjer
of Commerce has taken the matter up
also and by a resolution said, "It is for
the moneyed men to raise the necessary
funds and build the road themselves Into
this territory, which is in crying need of
a railroad and which would Increase the
business In Portland In a very large de
gree. It seems almost criminal that a
road 1 not pushed forward." No stronger
or truer language could be used.
Thlfl vast territory, not only In Crook
County, but Malheur and Harney as well,
needs only railroads within their borders
to make their vacant lands homes for
the Industrious settlers. As soon as this
la done Portland will feel the effects of It
in more ways than one, and without fear
of truthful contradiction we will assert
that within five years from the time a rail
road is constructed, either connecting with
the Columbia Southern at Shanlko or at
The Dalles, the traffic coming from Crook,
Klamath nnd Hnrney Counties would be
larger than that received by Portland
from the whole of Eastern Oregon today
Portland and her business men should
take this matter up at once and secure
this vast trade, for If she delays some
one will secure the goose that lays the
golden egg and our trade, which Portland
Is entitled to, will be diverted elsewhere.
Now Is the golden opportunity, now is
the appointed tlmo, and we appeal to
Portland for aid In giving us railroad
facilities and in return we will give them
trade that will repay them many times
over.
Anil From Lnke, County.
Lakevlew Examiner.
Every county and every section of Ore
gon assisted, through their representatives
In the Legislature, the appropriation of
JjW.OOO for the Lewis and Clark Fair. Each
of these counties will have to bear Its pro
portion of taxes to meet this unusual
expense. Likewise each county expects
to reap a certain proportion of benefit
from the tide of emigration to the state
uunus me jiair. uniess a rauroaa is
built nearer to the borders of Lake
County. we cannot expect to get Our
share of the seekers for homes: or for that
matter, any part of them. Lake is the
must ujuibicu county in ine state oi ure-
gon. ana mere is no chance of anyone
finding us when other sections of Oregon
can offer Inducements that can be seen
along a railroad. People have to see this
country to appreciate It; they are not go
ing to start out on a 200 or COO-mlle trlir
through an Imaginary wilderness to seek
a home, or even on the eay so of some one
who has been here. we repeat that
people must see tho" county before they
decide to locate, and they are not going
to go rar out of their way to see It.
It is only fair for the citizens of Lake
county to arts the business men of Port
land what they intend to do about taking
Lake County Into the fold, which can be
made into an immense feedlntr terrltorv.
or let us continue to Bllde toward and
into the grip of San Francisco. Now that
the Lewis and Clark Fair appropriation
nas so unanimously passed the Lecisla-
turo witn the assistance of Lake County
can't we, or shouldn't we expect that
Portland should turn a hand toward the
relief of a county that never overlooks
an opportunity of doing something for the
metropolis oi tne state, ana receives noth
ing m return? The people of this section
of Oregon are perfectly helpless and it is
up to Portland to decide our fate.
Relief by TortaRe Road.
Canyon City News.
The best economy Is a wise Investment
that will sooner or later yield returns.
Such seem to bo tho appropriations for
tne fair ana ror tne portage road at The
Dalles. Tho former will yield slow, ln-
i'La, thS? .?m,,th la"
will be Immediate. As It will help re
lieve the transportation situation It should
oe welcome to the people.
Dntld the Portage Road.
Dalles Times-Mountaineer.
Information comes from Washington
that The Dalles-Celilo canal bill cannot
oe passed at this session of Coneress.
This leaves no question as to the duty of
uregon legislature witn reference to
the portage road bill. A nortaire road In
operation will have a wonderful Influence
toward opening the puree strings In Con
gress at next session.
nnlslnfr the President' Snlarj-.
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
It is very generally admitted that tho
heid of what we are fond of calling the
greatest and richest nation on earth does
not receive the compensation which the
dignity of the offlco demands. While tho
greater part of the President's household
expenses are paid from the public nurse.
the demands upon him are heavy and his
soclil obligations are Inexorable. It has
been more than once necessary to call
upon tno public to make suitable provls
lo'Tfo'r the" famfliesTt c asPr?, I
dents, a somewhat delicate task, which
might have been avoided had not the
drain upon the President's purse been so
heavy as to preclude his leaving ofllce
with even a modest competence. Neither
Is it altogether fitting that a President
upon retiring to private life should be
compelled again to take up the struggle
lor a iiveiinooa. most Americans would
gladly see their outgoing chief migls
trato In a position to enjoy a reasonnhin
degree of the otlum cum dlgnltate which
anouia iouow as tne iruit ot high public
service.
GroTrlnjr Tired of Trust Rule.
Philadelphia Record.
Many manufacturers who have sold out
to trusts have grown weary of Inaction
or a &aiaricu place or suomisslon to a
board of directors and have gone back into
their old business with the capital which
the trust paid them for the works almost
invariably more than the works are worth.
inus tne combination to suppress com
petition has resulted in more competition.
One ot tbe chief members of the type
writer trust has withdrawn and lncorpor-
atea a company witn ji.uw.ooo of capital
to manufacture writing machines. It Is
explained that the profits of his company
wero larger In proportion than those of
other members of the trust, and he has
made up his mind to use his own business
ability for himself Instead of for other
people.
An Abnae of PrtvlIeKe.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
Senator Foraker defends Senator Quay
for tacking the statehood bill as a rider
to two of tbe regular appropriation bills.
Tbe action, though frequently precedented.
cannot be defended. But neither can the
filibustering tactics of the opponents of
the statehood bill. Tho appropriation
bills and the statehood bill should be de
cided on their merits, uncomplicated with
other matters, and any attempt so to
complicate them or to prevent any vote on
any of them Is an abuse of Congressional
functions as reprehensible as It Is com
mon.
SAMPSON'S HEROIC DEATH.
Minneapolis Tribune.
It has transpired that the name of Ad
mlral Sampson Is to be added to the brief
honor roll of the naval officers who laid
down their lives in the Nation's service In
the Spanish War. Publication of his med-
leal record In connection with the routine
granting of Mrs. Sampson's pension, dls-
covers that ha was a sufferer from an or-
ganlc brain disease by the tremendous
strain of responsibility during his service
as commander of the fleet; it made rapid
progress after peace ended the respon-
siblllty of active service, and It brought
about his death before his countrymen
had learned to put the true value upon
mat service,
The facts revealed by the publication of
Admiral Sampson's medical record are
breaking out in all the papers that were
hostile to him. with the veiled Intimation
that the Government was at fault when It
Intrusted Important command to one af
flicted with a malady almost certain to
prove mortal. The brilliant service of Ad
miral Sampson is answer enough to this
accusation. The Pitt Ministry might as
well be blamed for sending a frail soldier
like wolie on tne Quebec expedition: or
the Roman Senate for sending a man
tainted with epilepsy to command in Gaul.
These papers take great pains to prove
that the Government must have known of
Sampson's disease when he was put in
command of the fleet. He had an attack
In 1SS7 and another In 1S3S. shortly before
he was detailed as president of the Maine
Commission. The department knew this
because it was a matter of record. Never
theless, the President and Secretary of
the Km chose him to command the
naval forces, because they beliived him
the most competent person In the entire
service. This belief was Justified by his
performance.
He must have known nis own conaiuon;
yet he accepted the assignment with Its
heavy weight of responsibility. Its ln
rrpnaed strain uDon his falling health and
Its almost certain sentence of death. All
the features of his professional life ana
personal career seem to be woven togetn
r. The Intense application of years.
which affected his health, gave htm the
qualities that fitted him for command.
In finally placing these qualities at the
service of the Government In a supreme
emergency, he deliberately exposed him
self to the last and fatal strain that cost
him his life. He died for his country as
mirelv as a darlntr seaman who fires a
mine, knowing that the explosion will kill
him.
Wnr Talk.
Indianapolis Journal.
There In not a narticle of evidence that
Germany wants war with this country. It
Is true that she may pusn -inings ioo
hard In Venezuela Our Government has
evldentlv thought that this was a possi
bility, and It has, therefore, provided
nealnst anv chance of this kind by keep
ing a formidable fleet m west inaian
waters. But the purpose is not to ngni
Germinv. but to prevent the possibility of
troubla or misunderstanding. There Is i
always a chance for misunderstanding
growing out of the actions of fiery and
i impulsive officers far away rrom nome.
But this does not mean that the two gov-
! nmniflntt tnnv heoomfl emhrolled. We
I or that th President and tha Sec-
retary of State have kept their heads.
i Their confidence in tne gooa purposes oi
I Germany ought to have a calming effect.
In Re ITobion.
Providence Journal.
It Is not likely that the Navy will ever
lack men ready to attempt sucn brave
deeds In the face of danger, but those
who achieve distinction In this way de-
serve 1116 Kratltudo of Congress and the
country. They should not be held up to
Ideal standards In all relations of life
afterward, for they are only human.
Whatever course they may follow the
memory of the supreme act Is secure, and
it may be considered only a personal
matter with them whether they allow
adulation to spoil their character. Of
course the public Is disappointed when
the hero proves to be a mere man with
weaknesses, but his cireeer afterward
should not be confused with ths deed
that brought him distinction.
A Shameless Proposition.
Detroit Free Press.
One of the most shameless propositions
made in connection with tho effort to
get the statehood bill out ot tne way in
order to proceed with the other Import
ant business of Congress is to have the
Senate adopt the measure with the un
derstanding that the President will veto
It. Desirous as the President is to have
the deadlock broken, and Important mat
ters of legislation facilitated, wo have no
notion that ho would become party to
would be utterirbenetlrthe dlS and
such bunco scheme as that suggests. It
Importance of the United States Senate
to "play pretend."
Woes
of xi Handsome Hero.
New Tork Press.
Thtt Merrimac farce was a bad thing
for Hobson. How singular that It should
uau semcj in ia cj". a ne juuu iuau
" "u "ZT, , r :"rr,l.
man woo is a eru. xieruca oiiuum ue
ugly as sin. because their heroism
makes them beautiful in the eyes of the
emotional feminine. Tho man who Is
Y,ntYt Tynrn nnrl hnnnenmA lt tnVInt- imrtllA
advantage of the compensating Influences
of nature.
Slay Have an Ulterior Purpose,
Peoria Journal.
It will be observed that Mr. Quay has
not carried out his announced Intention
of Min the Senate to hold contlnuou
of causing the Senate to hold continuous
session until It agreed to take a vote on
the statehood measure. Can it be possi
ble that Quay does not want to put the
Republicans to too much inconvenience,
d he and ?? f the the.
who claim to be opposed to him are work
ing In collusion to prevent legislation on
subjects on which tho party Is divided?
Sympathy for the "Anitel.1
Kansas City Star.
Rev. Dr. Parkhurst contemplates the
publication of an "ideal" dally newspaper
In New Tork. Like mbst other persons
not In the newspaper business. Dr. Park
hurst Is quite firm In the belief that he
knows all about It. The sooner the
"Ideal" newspaper myth Is exploded tbe
better, but there Is necessarily some sym
pathy for those who are going to furnish
Dr. Parkhurst with funds.
The Only Cure for the Evil
T"Vi 1 ! r yTi-Ti-n
-t r-AMwAw nil in i n 11 1 1 rvtni uin i r 1
... . . . .
j.mM iinn i-r i nnBTPHs i i i irni i . i r- i . l
.... . . .
v - -- . - - . .
em- uii'i. .
.mm, w , , 7. -
nave come or tneso jaw-maue uiunuvuucs.
L'EnvoI.
When earth's last picture is painted.
And the tubes are twisted and dried.
When tbe oldest colors have faded.
Anil the youngest cnuc nas men.
We shall rest and. faith, we shall need It-
Lie down for an aeon or iwo.
Till the Master of All Good Workmen
Shall set us to worn anew.
And those that were good shall be hapnr:
They shall sit ra a eoiuen cnair;
They shall splash at a ten-league canvas
"With brusnes oi comet oair.
They shall find real saints to draw from
Magdalene, l'eier ana i-aui;
They shall work for an age at a sitting.
And never get urea ai aiu
And only the Matter shall praise us.
And only the Master shall blame;
And no one shall work for money.
And no one shall work for fame;
But each for the Joy of the working.
And each In dim separate star
Shall draw tbe Thing as he sees It .
For the God ot Things as they are.
Rudyard Kipling.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
A Kansas City law firm has sued a tele
phono company because "central" would
not connect other 'phones with their own.
Now, "central." willyou be good?
An Oklahoma editor, noting tho asser
tion of a scientist that "If the earth
should be flattened the sea would be two
miles deep all over the world." says: "If
. I- Miiicht ftattmlnfr out tha
.1 It 11111 1. o - a
... . 1 .
eariu. suuub mi'- in w- 1' " - -
whole lot of U3 In Oklahoma that can't
swim.'
limit of a minister's profession. Is la or u
VAarv nii vnar n r int r-iiti iij. luul iiiuc uc
should be shot. Has the Kev. Annie reacneo
the limit? If so, apply her remedy. Seattle
Post-Intelligencer.
With all due deference to the mandatory
opinion of our hyphenated contemporary.
we roust confess that we see no reason for
awaiting the expiration of the time limit
in Annie's case.
The Seattle Post-Intelligencer published
an editorial yesterday on the trouble in
the Balkans. The article appears to have
been hurriedly dashed off by the sporting
editor, and Is, therefore. In some degree
immune from criticism. We hope, how
ever, that a writer who can come so peril
ously near a charming "bull" as to say
Utah -uauvuuufei is vuullllculllK lu occvmo
witn revolutionary tires' win comma sua
literary efforts to the baseball column.
Booth Tarklngton is regarded by other
members of the Indiana Assembly as the
real aristocrat of the House. Every time
n a DTir too nr nia tpi nnr wiinnii 11 rm
on him, and his cigarettes are mysterious
to some of the lawmakers. Mr. Tarklng
ton la partial to the Turkish cigarette, and
the "Turks" that he consumes have a lit
tle closer resemblance to burning rag car-
uvtrr uiuic iuau t iuiuulo uuu. - .ma-
lngton has one of tho abominations going
full steam.
Jiniillll lUkL. Ill linn 1U1A. OUAItUUlh
to the newspapers, is lamenting at the
dearth of red-haired typewriter girls. "A
straight 'ad' would bring me fifty girls In
an hour," said Captain Biggs. "A "red
haired ad" won't bring one."
Two girls with brilliant locks were nom-
merintr away at meir typewriters oi an
rjQTnrMcninc- rnip ami Lilts Lauuui kiucuu
them wistfully.
l no oiaest one is buuJfa iu iti.o. iuu
simply can't keep a red-haired typewriter
they will marry oft or better themselves
some way. itea-murt-u yuu ud iuwojs
well fixed. They are smarter, brighter and
prettier than any other kind. They are
such a relief from ths monotonous, black-
haired, yellow-haired, sandy-halrea. brown-
hairea women you meeu- Aiiejr tuive nutu
a cheerful, sunny appearance, 100. a Hi-
ways like things bright and warm-looking.
A red-haired woman is the prettiest thing
In the world, and 'they light up a room
i so.1
The following epistle was received at
this desk yesterday:
The verse below Is offered as a means ot
teaching the tenderfoot how to pronounce the
name of our beautiful river; and also as a
feeble Imitation of the affecting stanzas re
cently published In The Oregonlan concerla-
tag the gentleman from Nantucket
There lived near the River Willamette
A man by the name of Mohamet,
When he stepped off a stair.
Which he found wasn't there.
He remarked with much vigor, "Oh.
After mature deliberation, we have re-
BU1VCU IlUb IU JiUUIUU 111U 1-i- u. M.w ...oo.
fearing that the gentleman may nave oeen
incorrectly quoted. It seems certain. Judg
ing from the handwriting, the stationery
and other eloquent signs, that the versifier
is a woman, although all signature has
been thoughtfully omitted. It palus us
. I . ...... r.nn..rn oYlfMtlt hnVft 4n IffltAn tfl
mab u ii j ymvi.Di "ii-i" - -------
1. 1 .... n i. -R.T.. VnTiamAt la o 1 ) 1 1
tn ham used, and we. therefore, are moved
to USK limb duo ninu uo -4 " - J -
advice. In other words:
tvMen vnn srar anm rnnrs iir-Ma ul jiiuusiucb
Just send us an ax ana we u siam it.
With aim good and true
At the lobster who grew
Profane near the River Willamette.
XlOW UJG ICU UHlllttHUi V.1A4.HJ U1UI
iv D-Aoii.Tit XfttTTlnlnv. savs tho In-
napolls 1 prettily told by
James T. Ray, of Newcastle. Pa., who was
Miss Lucy TracewelL a student at Lake
Erie College, at Painesvllle, O.
1 1 hi. i. .
hnnnrarv member of their class, at tne
Qowcr, a rea carnauon. rruu inaumi v
flowers in his buttonhole.
, . . . . wmh.r 13.
A"e incmcuu uw--.-
1KB, when Governor ;ucivimey w .
Painesvllle. a guest ot ma uumcm
I tttuii- T-T.-nl.v wns In lJalnesvlUo no ue-
voted no little time to. tho college girls
- - - . i -,i ,im n n n Ml n ATumnR
WaU UUU llMuuim "- '
fheronfter showed that he appreciated the
action of those girls. He evinced a special
iort in the class, and often remem-
. - hv thorn there-
eTea ,..,, . fc interest
after. Mrs. McKlnley took great interest
in the class and Its insignia, ana iiruvmou
a bunch of carnations for her husband's
... . . . u i
room
m t- .,trtn nf tfiA rlass was in
progress when McKlnley was nominated
for tno Tesiaency. xuc
.
event by tne ringing oi m u& u
KlVlUb fciw. - - - .
nineij-ium. -
th President was reraeuiuawi "-n
nf carnations.
President McKlnley visited the college
several times, and was a memebr of Its
board of trustees.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Fudge Do you want a worse revenge than
.v. . Tnifra Yes. res. Fudge Make him
eat some popular health food.-Baltlmore Her-
aia.
Getting Him Wild. Dime ixuseum jiansKcj
1 - n.i t . hiui. --
I a Tlm I V - nHM T-BT1 IS IQO 1315 IHI3
i w. iw ,-ntirir mm in mat. mwim wwi
. ... v. M armr rnpnr rooi
- ,,,.. --Maimed Dangerous uan. scomiunr-
"Well, ramer. nay j"" -"
i Wh,n, he's drunk. Chicago rrremns t-oau
T,thr So Filmy Luhrlng Is engaged to
young -Itailieat
. anm.iwttf el... ft llttlf while acol
Daughter Somebody else! Father! Why, In
nnr set no engagement Is considered com
plete without her. Brooklyn Xlfe.
"And let's have plenty or. paims. saw
Mr. Curorox. "That Is a very good sugges
tion " answered his wife. "Vm glad to s"
of Dalms." "Tes; they're useful as well a
Luai l" ' -
ornamental. There's nothing handler than
ii . mitl-a1f Waahlniytnn Rtftr.
"Eh. Isn't this the same girl whose plc-
. . . . tiin Atn il a tr "it's in. amn
UIH W lircu 1 1 u - J - - -" ' "-
girl, but It Isn't the same picture." "Why
uuw. " ' " .
the second part oi u paper as a portrait
Ot thai Jionuna icuuuw ucsyciuuu. v. it c-
land Plain Dealer.
tOy UUU k ;uu tt J ,u LUl . CT jgui UAIKI
noetic entnusiasu -aiy inena, answereo
Senator Sorghum, a 'little severely, "there
Is no use In my dodging around with a ham
mer and chisel when I can do such effective
WOrK n 1U1 .WUUHUI V I BUI. b vb& MVWM. ,
Washington Star,