8
THE MORNIXG OREGONIAK. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1903.
Entered at the Postofflce mt Portland. Oregon
as second-clas matter.
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TODAY'S WEATHER LIcht rain, probably
part snow: southeasterly winds.
TESTERDAY'R WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 30; minimum temperature, 20; pre
cipitation, trace.
rORTLAXD, SATURDAY, FEB. 7, 1003
BUILD THE PORTAGE!
As to whether a state portage railroad
around the dalles of the Columbia will
accomplish all that Is claimed for it, we
have already expressed our misgivings.
It is unnecessary to reiterate, as it
would be impossible Jo nullify them. If
they are correct, time will Justify, as
if they are erroneous time will discredit.
In either case they cannot be permitted
at this time to weigh against the unan
imous desire of Eastern Oregon and the
commercial Interests of Portland to see
the road built, and the widespread con
viction that It will accomplish the end
aimed at. Speculation as to the actual
reduction in freight rates to be effected
by the portage should give way with all,
as it will with The Oregonian, to ah
earnest effort for the passage of the
requisite appropriation by the Legisla
ture. "Western Oregon must not object.
Thirty years ago the. "Willamette River,
was opened at expense to the state of
200,000 a sum that meant as much to
taxpayers as 11,000,000 would mean now.
There should be no opposition - to the
bllL
Such remedial relationship as the Co
lumbla'Rlver should sustain to the com
merce of its basin is nullified today by
the active or passive hostility of two
great railroad forces those of Hill and
those of Harrlman. Mr. Hill dominates
the situation north of the Columbia to
our disadvantage, and south of the Co.
lumbla the Harrlman system directs its
efforts for the benefit of San Francisco.
Between these two adverse agencies the
Columbia route depends on Portland
and its immediate connections In East
ern Oregon. If the north half of the
Columbia Basin is not to be commer
cially attached to Puget Sound, and If
Eastern Oregon and Southeastern Ore
gon are not to be commercially at
tached to San Francisco, then it can
only be because men In Oregon exert
themselves to give the traffic of the
basin the full value that lies potentially
in the water-level haul to tidewater.
The matter Is one that touches the
property and the prosperity of every
man who does business directly or in
directly at Portland. Every Palouss
tanner needs a reduction, In the grain
rate and the corresponding Increase In
the price of his wheat Every Western
Oregon farmer is concerned in the main
tenance of a great metropolis and
great market at Portland.
To this end tho proposed portage road
around the dalles and the falls of Celllo
la a first step, whether its contribution
be email or great. The only way in
which the Columbia water route can
exercise its duo effect on rates to the in
terior, on crops coming down and mer
chandise going up, is to open the river.
First, of course, is the channel from the
sea to Astoria and from Astoria to Port.
laxd, which will be taken care of by un
dertaklngs already at work. Next is to
overcome the obstructions between the
middle and upper river. In time the
Government canal and locks will solve
the problem. Meanwhile the state can
act for Immediate relief. The cost may
be largely repaid by the earnings of the
road, will not in any event be great,
and may be returned many fold by the
resultant benefits to everjvproducer and
shipper In the Columbia Basin.
Oregon stands on the threshold of
great things. The harvest Is ripe for
the sickle to. be put forth; but the work
Involves money and vigilance. The fu
ture looks big with commercial and In
dustrlal promise; but the, desired return
depends on a heavy, initial investment of
united effort and uncomplaining coo
trlbutlons. "We require a multitude of
things, such as, the Lewis and Clark
Centennial, the Portland flreboat, the
river channel, the dalles portage, the
Portland drydock, and we require them
now. "We need a railroad to Klickitat,
and another to Crook, and we must
build them. "We must sot be scared
from these fields as we have been scared
out of the Clearwater ami. the Nehalem.
Economy here is parsimony. "There Is
that scattercth. and yet lncreaseth
there, is that wlthholdcth and yet fend
eth Jo poverty." "We cannot stand still.
It Is either forward or backward. Every
vantage point we neglect to -occupy will
be seized by rivals south or north and
ueed as a base of operations against us.
In all theso things nothing Is more
necessary Ju3t now than the speediest
possible opening of the dalles. As It Is,
Brain la compelled to pay enough to
enable the Northern lines to haul It over
the Cascades to Puget Sound at a profit.
The Columbia route will never get Its
due9 until that rate comes down totihe
water-level basis and the grain dragged
over the Cascades to Puget Sound Is
dragged' at a loss. The O. R. & N. Co.
Is now restrained' from lowering the
rate, partly through love of earnings.
partly through threats from the North
ern lines. "When the dalles are open It
will have no choice. All that the port
age road can, accompsh toward that
end, be It little or much, must be done.
The portage road must be built.
THE FEHMANEVT ADVERTISER.
Advertising Is an art; that everybody
knows; and never was so much an art
as in these days, when as much careful
work is done In writing advertisements
as in writing editorials. A high au
thority says: "AdvertlsinB should be
planned on the presumption that It Is
going to be permanent." It means that
advertising should be systematic, not
poradic; that It Is a distinct feature
and department and should be so ad
ministered. Announcements now and
then do not bring a train of steady
benefits. They, may be for spurt sales,
but when the sales have run their
course they are forgotten.
Much has been learned about adver
tising within the past few years. In
every city the houses that are foremost
In mercantile lines are the ones that
pursue tho policy of systematic adver
tising, in an artistic way, day after day.
year in and year out. They have built
up their business by It, and the matter
they furnish dally has become a part of
tho reading matter of the great news
paper, sought dally by people who look
to this source for Information as to
means for supplying their wants.
Again, well-written advertisements con
tain a sort of Information that every
body wants, whether the reader has
need at the moment of the particular
article or not. Newspaper readers do
not know, perhaps, how much entertain
ment they get from the advertising col
umns till they stop to think about It.
Through the newspaper they gain per
sonal acquaintance with the merchants
who advertise, though the- may never
have met them.
To the Judicious advertiser his dally
announcements are a cash article or In
vestment, and It Is business on his part
when he studies how to get the best
results for his money. By the thorough
business man advertising space 19
bought on the same principles he cm
ploys when he makes any other ex
penditure necessary for his business.
He looks to get the best results for his
money. Just as his customers do when
they call upon him for the goods they
want. The day for Inserting advertise
ments "to help the newspaper out"
came to an end long ago, and no won
der; for the newspaper that stands in
such need Is In no position to render
adequate return for the money. Some
things no doubt must go by favor as
kissing and always will; but advertis
ing does not. It is business and it la
art; and the higher the art it employs
and the more Judicious the selection of
the vehicle for it, the more profl.table It
is for the advertiser. During the last
dozen years the method of advertising
in The Oregonian has almost wholly
changed. Advertisements of a class
that formerly were left standing from
week to week, and even longer, arenow
changed from day to day, with require
ment of Increasing space. Naturally
the advertiser selects the newspapers
that will serve his purpose best; and
this, with the steady progress of tho
country, accounts for the fact that The
Oregonian never in any former year
printed so many columns of advertise
ments by many thousands as during the
year last past. This fact has Its effect
upon the news columns of the paper,
furnishing the means for Improvement
of Its general efficiency and enabling It
to furnish a newspaper of a grade that
hitherto would have been Impossible.
The Orcgonlan's expenditure for news
and publication Is now at the rate of
many thousands of dollars a month In
excess of that of two years ago. That
It Is able to do this Is largely due to the
advertiser, who. In pursuing his own In
tcrest, helps the public to a comprehen
sive general newspaper. In no other
branch of business Is there a more com
plcte case of reciprocal relations than
those of the efficiency of the newspaper.
the business of the advertiser and the
service of the public The relation con
stitutes a whole; It is all one.
AS? INTERESTING REPORT.
The report of Dr. Blersdorf, City
Health Commissioner, recently filed In
the Auditor's office. Is a publiu docu
ment of much yalue. That Is to say, it
can become exceedingly valuable if. In
stead of being allowed to remain undis
turbed in its, place on the recordsi Its
suggestions are made actively effective
in guarding the health of the city. Thus,
In view of the fact that smallpox Is
more or less prevalent throughout the
state, and that, notwithstanding the
utmost vigilance on the part of our
health officers, 240 cases of this disease
were reported to the health office. Iso
lated and treated during the past year.
the declaration that compulsory vac
cination should be rigidly enforced In
the public schools should be emphatic
ally Indorsed bjr the School Board and
supported by public acquiescence. Dr.
Blersdorf expresses the belief, doubtless
well founded, that not over 35 per cent
of the pupils in these schools have been
vaccinated. This, In view of the cer
tificates of successful vaccination that
parents must sign as passports to the
enrollment of their children. Is not "at
all complimentary in the. matter of
truthfulness. Much more pertinent.
however, to the matter In hand la the
contingent danger of an epidemic of
smallpox to which the cltyt la thereby
exposed.
But though the very name of smallpox
inspires dread, and its close proximity
something of terror. Its presence is not
the greatest menace to the health of the
city that should be met and conquered
As presented by Dr. Blersdorf, greater
menace prevails in the form of leaky
garbage carts as they pass along the
streets, oozing filth; In bacteria hatched
at the curbs, where all vlleness Is per
mitted to accumulate, and from whence
It is distributed by the air; In unclean
milk most potent source and carrier of
disease germs, and in food exposed for
sale upon the sidewalks.
Obviously, all of these menaces to the
. public health are of the preventive or
der. For the first, sanitary dumpcarts
that is to say, dumpcarts that will
not leak is the simple and effective
remedy. Made of sheet steel or other
-suitable metallic substance, such carts
would carry thelf malodorous loads
through the streets without danger or
offense. It would also be possible, at
convenient intervals, to cleanse and dis
infect them. For ..the second, clean
streets Is the remedy, and this is not be
yond the power of an Intelligent civil
ized people to secure. A pure milk sup
ply Is much more difficult to obtain.
Taking Into consideration the possibili
ties of uncleameskj that beset milk,
ranging all the way from diseased cows
and filthy stables to careless milkers
and sour cans, we may almost wonder
that the best samples of milk obtainable
do not contain more than 10,000 bacteria
to the teaspoonful, and are fully pre
pared for the statement that certain
milk bought from groceries of the tene
ment districts of large cities contains
600.000,000 bacteria to the teaspoonful.
It is plain that a pure milk suriply is
the most difficult problem with which
health officers and food Inspectors have
to deal. Public opinion In any city
could speedily raise such an outcry
against the exposure of fruits, green
vegetables and meats to the dust and
other contaminations of the streets as
would abrogate this disgusting and dan
gerous custom. The first note of such
an outcry has been sounded In this city,
and It may be hoped that It will in
crease In volume until the evil of which
complaint Is made is abated. The cor
rection of conditions that expose the
stock of the green grocer and the fruit
merchant to the contaminations of city
traffic will do away with the pressing
need of food Inspectors as urged by Dr.
Bleredorf; yet doubtless under the best
conditions one or two Inspectors could
be kept busy In this line to the benefit
of the public health. The trouble In
this, as In Inspection of all kinds, would
be to secure Inspectors that Inspect.
AN INSPIRING PERIOD.
The death of ex-United States Senator
Henry L. Dawes, of Massachusetts, at
S6, leaves but few survivors of the Re
publican party who saw service In Con
gress In the passionate politics that pre
ceded the Civil War. Ex-Govemor
Boutwell, of Massachusetts, who Is 85,
and Representative Galusha A. Grow, o
Pennsylvania, who Is 80, are about all
the eminent Republicans of the ante
bellum period that are left behind. Mr.
Dawes entered Congress In 1857; he
served eighteen years continuously In
the Ho'usa and eighteen years continu
ously In the Senate, and this period of
thirty-six years between 1857 and 1893
Included the most momentous and In
spiring part of our history. Mr. Dawes
heard the great debate oyer the Le-
compton Constitution, when Douglas
defied the Administration of Buchanan
he voted cn the admission of Oregon, he
personally saw the excitement caused
"by the John Brown raid; he knew all
the principal actors on both sides In the
last dying struggle of the pro-slavery
party before the Civil "War. Among his
fellows In the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-
sixth Congresses were Thad Stevens,
oeorge H. Pendleton, Thomas Corwln,
John Sherman, Henry Winter Davis,
John A. Logan, Charles Francis Adams,
while the Senate Included Hannibal
Hamlin, "William Pitt Fessenden, "Will
iam 11. sewara, salmon P. Chase, Ste
phen A. Douglas; Charles Sumner, John
P. Hale. Benjamin F.- Wade. James W.
Nesmlth. David Wllmot. E. D. Baker.
Andrew Johnson, Simon Cameron and
Jacob Collamer.
Of course the great leaders of the
South were a familiar sight In debate
to Mr. Dawes. It was Mr. Dawes' good
fortune to see and hear this last strug
gle of the pro-slavery party on the floor
of Congress. In his subsequent years
of sen-Ice he participated in all the far-
reaching legislation that was made
necessary by the Civil War; the strug
gle over the legal-tender act and the
National banking act; the draft, the en
listment of colored troops: he knew Lin
coln personally; he saw him In his hours
of depression following defeat; he saw
him with the light of victory and hu
manlty shining In his eyes after the col
lapse of the Confederacy, and he was
among the mourners who doffed their
caps In reverence to. him dead. He was
In Congress during the whole of Andrew
Johnson's antics; he knew all the rising
men or the new dispensation that began
to forge to the front after the Civil War:
Conk-Jlng, Logan, Blaine, Garfiefd, Mor
ton. Schurz. Hewitt, Thurman, Hen
dricks, Ingalls, Edmunds; and during
his service In the Senate, which he en
tered in 1875, Mr. Dawes had among Ills
colleagues Benjamin Harrison, Matt
Carpenter, Wade Hampton, Lamar and
John C. Spooner.
In brief, between 1S57 and 1833 Mr.
Dawes had met In Congressional Inter
course every mtn of superior ability In
either of the great political parties
Some of these men. like Seward, Chase
and Corwin, had been conspicuous' In
tho great struggles of 1S50; they were
men who had heard Clay, Calhoun and
Webster at their best; same of them
were the mushroom political growth of
Civil War and reconstruction; some
reached down, to the advent of Repub
lican defeat and Democratic victors.
We have called this period of thirty-six
years the most momentous and inspir
ing part of our history. It was the
most momentous because upon Its issue
hung the fate of the Union, and It was
the most inspiring, because it Involved a
display of courage, military hardihood
and endurance on both sides that Is our
largest title to historical renown. If Mr,
Dawes had been an imaginative man
he could have written personal memor-
abllla of his thirty-six years of service
that would have been worth reading.
The grand uprising of 1861; the stream
of soldiers that flowed- steadily, almost
ceaselessly; to Washington; the high
tide of our advance until it ebbed away
in defeat; the great battlefields, the hos
pital trains loaded with wounded; the
anxiety before Gettysburg; the vast
cheer which hailed the news of Lee'
repulse; the lights and shadows of that
terrible four years of war at the capltol
would have easily Inspired an Imaginat
ive man to have written eloquent me-
morabllla of the same.
But Mr. Dawes was a clear-headed,
cold-minded, sound lawyer, the kind of
man that can draw accurately enough
but cannot put any color or glow of
feeling into his work. Given a man like
Oliver Wendell Holmes, the same four
years' residence at Washington as
Dawes had and we would have had
book as fresh and sparkling as "My
Hunt for the Captain." But Mr. Dawes
did not have an eloquent pen and had
no talent as a colOrist. He wrote some
plain, clear sketches of what happened
during war time, but Walt Whitman':
feeblest sketch Is worth the best of
Dawes, because the man was too cold to
feel and too tongue-tied to interpret
with eloquence the glory and the agony
of the great struggle that raged under
hla eyes. It Is a pity that a period of
such exceptional. Inspiring Interest
hould have been lost upon a man who
had for thlrty-slx years an exceptional
opportunity to know In Congressional
Intercourse every man of distinction in
either party, from "Webster and Calhoun
down to Cleveland and McKlnley, a
man who had helped enact the most far-
reaching measures of legislation from
the thirteenth amendment of 1SS3 to the
electoral commission bill of 1S77.
Those who ha,ve a memory for dates
and who are fond of instituting com
parisons between this year and that
recall the fact that our last February
freeze was exactly five years ago.
The January preceding had been a
warm, growing month, and rose bushes
were set with shoots of tender green and
red, tipped with the dainty prophecy of
buds; daffodils had pushed through the
ground with a hint of yellow, and peach
and cherry tree buds were swelling.
The result of the sudden return of Win
ter upon Its traces was a Decoration day
without roses, or indeed a rose, a short
fruit crop and belated garden truck.
Plant life Is In much better condition to
stand a siege of frost now than it was
then, as January frowned coldlyupon
the advances of vegetation.' Hence,
while a freeze without snow Is, always
dreaded by farmers whose "winter
wheat Is at stake, a cold snap would
do much less damage now than was
done by the frost five years ago. There
Is little to be feared for crops In a
seasonable Winter, and the present
Winter has been a most seasonable one
chary of promise, but giving regula
tion Oregon weather right along. We
could have a snowfall and temperature
slightly below the freezing point for two
weeks without breaking this record, but
the probabilities are that we shall have
rain Instead and that our Winter Is
practically over. At least. If one as
sumes to be weather-wise, he may as
well be cheerful in his prognostications,
and after the manner of the almanac
of olden times "look for pleasant
weather about this time."
It Is always regrettable when heat Is
developed In debate over any measure
before the Legislature; for it usually
appens that the measure itself Is lost
sight of In the personal contention. Such
was the casein the House on Thurs
day, when the bill for an act to estab
lish a Bureau of Information was
brought before that body. It cannot be
questioned on any reasonable ground
that such an act could be made of great
usi and benefit. This one would make
It the duty of the commissioners of each
of the counties to furnish Information
to the central bureau at Portland, cov
ering main features of Industry and
production, geographical situation,
lands, minerals, timber and agricultural
resources; so that the particular kinds
of Intelligence and Information that
persons newly arriving In the state
would require and seek, might be ob
tainable for them or by them. The bill
has merit and ought not to be cried
down. Citizens of Portland have con
tributed a large sum for establishing
the bureau, and Its work is in progress.
The Oregonian sees no good reason why
the state should not support It to the
moderate extent requested.
If there Is any reason why the citi
zens of counties that are in the wheat.
fruit, hop and dairy- business should pay
or help pay for the protection of the
sheep business of the Eastern Oregon
counties, that reason has not been set
forth in any debate on the scalp bounty
law that has thus far taken place.
Sheep husbandry Is one of the most
profitable and prosperous of the state's
Industries. If a special menace Over
shadows It, let thosa who profit by wool
and mutton confront and flght It. Or-
chardlsts of the Willamette Valley are
left to protect their fruit from the pests
that menace it, and farmer are left to
wage such warfare as their industry
and ingenuity sanctions against the
French pink, and Canada thistle that
have Invaded their wheat fields. This
Is right and proper. Wherefore, then
should not the sheep husbandman pro
tect his flocks from the rapacity of the
prowling coyo'te? Class legislation Is
odious, and paternalism In government
Is contrary to the spirit of our instltu
Hons. Let American citizens learn of
all things the gospel of self-dependence
and be left to practice Its precepts.
Notwithstanding the fact that a large
proportion of the Philippine Islands are
found by Mr. Pinchot, head of the
United States Bureau of Forestry, to be
covered with magnificent growths of
valuable timber. Including some pine.
he also reports that "a considerable
part of the timber us2d on the Islands
Is Imported from the United States.1
This reminds one of the Importation of
bricks from England In the early his
tory of our Atlantic States, when the
best of clay lay everywhere around' the
colonists, and fuel for burning brick
could be had for the cutting. But the
excuse of the American colonists was
that they had not the skilled labor
necessary for making bricks; while in
the Philippines the things lacking are
Inland transportation facilities and
modem sawmills. "With the opportunl
ties for money-making In the lumber
business revealed by Mr. Plnchot's re
port, however, It Is pretty certain that
American enterprise will soon cure the
Philippine deficiencies and at least
stop the shipment of American lumber
to the Islands.
In mopt striking contrast to the exclt
Ing contests of Oregon and Washington
over the election of a United States Sen
ator Is the situation in South Carolina.
There are no Republicans at all In either
house of the Legislature, and the pri
maries had already settled the choice of
the party. The Charleston News and
Courier report thus Interlarded the elec
tion among routine matters:
The debate km Interrupted at tbls point Is
order that the election for United States Sen
ator mlcht be held.
Senator Regan nominated A. C Latimer and
Senator Hood seconded It. All Senators preient
voted for Mr; Latimer, the vote being" 35.
Senator Sbeppard then formally made a mo
tion to commit the bill to tne Judiciary com
mittee. Commercialism In Churches.
Worcester (Mass.) Gazette.
The debt-raising fever Is raging In Wor
cester churches, and it Is to be hoped no
physician will be called In to prevent such
a run of the fever as will clear every cent
of Incumbrance from every church In the
city. But with all the enthusiasm for the
material prosperity of our churches, the
principal object for which they-were es
tablished should not be lost sight of.
Many observers complain that the
churches havo been tainted with the spirit
of commercialism that Is said to be abroad
at the present tlmo in Its most ylrulent
form. Wo think that If this Is not true
yet, it Is rapidly becoming so. The finan
cial end of a church's affairs is an impor
tant one, but it should be subordinated In
every case to efforts for the spiritual ad
vancement of tho church, v
AN OPTIMISTIC VIEW.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
Conrrcss now seems likely to act In the
matter of legislation for the correction of
trust abuses upon two lines: .
First The Bureau 'of Corporations of the
new Department of Commerce and Labor
will have power to investigate the or
ganization and management of all cor
porations engaged In Interstate commerce,
except corr-rnon carriers, which are left
under the present Interstate Commission.
The machinery Is thus provided ior 00
talnlng the Information on which the De
partment of Justice can baso prosecutions
for violation ot the laws. The information
thus obtained will be reported to the Pres
ident, who will make public so much
thereof as he may deem expedient.
The reason the President Is given dis
cretion as to the amount of publicity Is
that honestlv-manaccd corporations may
be protected against unscrupulous men.
who would use the information omuiucu
through complete publicity to the dlsad
vantaso of such corporations.
Second To abate the evil 01 railway uw-
crlmlnatlon between shippers, the chief
weapon of some great trusuj
smaller competitors, the Elklns or some
similar bill is to be passed.
The President. It Is understood woum
regard theso two measures as a fair be
Blnnlntr of a solution of the trust prob
lem, nntl If both are passed will not sum
mon the Nth Congress In extra session to
take up the trust question.
To wurp reasonable and proper pub
licity In corporation management, and, to
make it decidedly unwholesome for rail
ways to grant secret rebates, or for power
ful .shippers to put pressure on toe raii
sueh unfair advantages.
would certainly go a long way toward a
solution of the trust problem.
If the Republican leaders in Congress
shall act sincerely with the President In
putting both these measures on the stat
ute book they will be keeping faith with
tho people as pledged for tne party d- ue
President. , ,
With n record of effective ieguiai"
for the correction of trust abuses, and
with Theodore Roosevelt to enforce the
laws, the Republican party can go before
the i-eoplo In 1&04 with connaence in m
verdict.
Cost of Nnvy Maintenance.
Baltimore Sun. .
A rnrresnondent of the London Times
figures out the cost of the maintenance
of the British navy. In connection wiui
ih. in.ri.hint marine, as so much insur
ance. The navy Insures the safety of the
empire's trade, and on tbat account has a
commercial value, une yeany i '
navy. Including the naval expenditures of
India. Australia and other colonics. Is
eimwmrtw thn tonnaco of the mercantile
marine Is' 10.M8.4S7 tons, and the value of
oversea trade 13 yearly J6,7S3,,n2.7w. On
the basis of these facts 11 is ngurcu um
that the naval expenditure is Vn per cent
ot the yearly trade a small "Insurance
premium." compared wun wnai sumc
countries pay. itussia. n tiui.u.."c.j.
pays BV4 per cent, uranco i.s per ccm.
rtniv u'iot cent. Germany L8 per cent.
th United States 3.3 per cent, and Japan
G.2 per cent. What annoys the Times' cor
respondent is Wat, wnue mum auu u.o
colonies do not take their share of the
naval expenditure, tho United Kingdom
protect their shipping. They get their
Insurance" for next to nothing, while the
United Kingdom foots the bill, really pay
ing 3.6 per cent. India pays dui .j per
cent, Australia 11 per cent, other colo
nlp ja ner cent. The argument Is not
academic, but Is meant to show Canada,
Australia, South Africa and India that It
Is time for them to begin to share the cost
of the navy which exists for their protec
tion and without wnlcn tncy wouia do
compelled to build ships of their own at
great expense. It does looK as 11 me colo
nics were snoneintr on me raumcr cuuu-
try. getting their money s worm an me
time and avoiding payment. 9
Cartoonists In I'eril.
New Tork Evening Post.
Wo havo had attempts at anti-cartoon
legislation in this state, but nothing
which defined 10 sharply what the cari
caturist may and may not do as a bill
now before the Pennsylvania Legislature.
Under Its provisions It Is unlawful to
print any picture representing "any per
son ... in tne iorm or iiKeneas m
beast, bird, fish. Insect, or other unhu-
man animal. . A solemn owi nas
by common consent been Senator Quay's
Incarnation, and a parrot that of Gov
ernor Pennynackcr. The Philadelphia
staff artists are now exercising their in
genuity In speculating what to do ir
thte familiar figures are .censored. The
bill's very expllcltness gives them hope.
A clam, one discovers. Is. neither a fish
nor an Insect, and it is a mere matter 01
draughtsmanship to equip It with a hu
man face. Then mere is me enure vege
table kingdom, a virgin field for carica
ture. The senior Senator from Pennsyl
vania looks quite as much like a dahlia
as he does like an owl. The sponsor for
the new bill, by the way, showed e!ngur
lar hardihood In Introducing It. for his
own name Is Pusey, and the very men
whose liberty of pencil he would curtail
are now gleefully drawing his picture In
feline guise.
Folly of Indiscriminate? Charity.
St Louis Republic
The only wise charity Is that which
makes sure of helpful purpose by work
ing through organized channels of relief.
Remember this every dollar that goes to
the undeserving Is Just that much with
held from the deserving poor. Statistics
prove that more than one-half of all re
lief, public and private, dispensed In large
cities, coes to the Drofcsslonal beggars
who force themselves upon the notice of
the charitably Inclined. This leaves less
than half for the relief of the genuinely
destitute who shrink from making an an
neal to the nubile The organized cnan
tics best search out these truly deserving
cases and extend the needed help.
Our Good Friend Still Lives.
Omaha World-Herald.
After all the tears have been shed, after
all tho requiems have been sung, tho Sul
tan of Jolo. commonly known In our coun
try as the "Sultan of Sulu." is not aeaa,
Fate has spared him to continue to enjoy
the rights and dignities of his eminent
position. It Is yet possible that In the
domain over which ho rules under mo- au
thority" of the United States of America
"am- slave snail nave me ngni 10 pur
chase freedom by paying to the master
the usual market value.
Votes Expedite Business.
Buffalo Express.
The other day It took the House of Rep
resentatives several hours to reject a war
claim of $SjOO. On Friday 231 pension bills
were passed In less than three hours. The
explanation of this difference Is, of course.
that the war claim had apparently but ono
supporter, while all the members with
pension bills united to put them through.
Host Kind of Jurors.
Brooklyn Eagle.
Jurors no doubt earn more than Jl a day,
but the Jurors that are sorely wanted In
our courts are men who are above the
need of the pay and who are willing to
do a few hours' work In a'llfetlme In the
public Interest. There are too few of
such Jurors.
CharjrlnR Up to the Limit.
Pittsburg Dispatch.
The powers maintain that China will be
able to pay that indemnity In gold by the
exercise of due economy, it win ne ob
served that the Justice of the claim docs
riot enter. The sole question Is what the
traffic will bear.
" 1
Should Curb Ills Strenuoslty.
Boston Traveler.
President Roosevelt should certainly try
ping pong for exercise. After having been
pinked in swordplay and swatted at single
stick, it is certainly time for him to try
something a bit less etrenaou-
"THE OVERSHADOWING SENATE."
ft
New York TIme3.
Everybody who pays attention to Na
tional affairs Is of the opinion that the
power of the Senate "has Increased. Is
increasing, and ought to bo diminished."
Mr. Henry Loomls Nelson, In an interest
ing article In the current Century, gives
under the title of "Tho Overshadowing
Senate," and in much detail, the reasons
that an experienced observer of affairs at
the capital has for entertaining ths
opinion.
Probably very few of Mr. Nelson's read
ers were aware before reading him how
largely the Senate does "overshadow" the
Government of the United States. A Sen
ator who represents or who constitutes
"the organization" In his state can bully
the Representatives of that state by
threatening to defeat legislation In which
he or they may bo warmly Interested,
and may even believe to be essential to the
public welfare, unless the demands of
leading Senators are complied with.
Whether the legislation Is really desirable
or necessary Is a detail to which the Sen
ate seldom ecems to pay any attention.
The body Is In fact a huge, tyrannical,
unscrupulous and Intrenched trader-union,
and the venerable phrase under which Its
Iniquities are perpetrated, "the courtesy
of the Senate," Is only a translation Into
loftier language of the vulgar saying of
"honor among thieves."
All this II r. Nelson not only says, but
proves. But. as a distinguished physician
has been heard to say, "diagnosis is more
advanced than therapeusis."
When the question what to do nbout It
comes up the critic has really nothing to
suggest. The obvious suggestion that
this shameless oligarchy should be defied
and an appeal taken from It to the coun
try Is not often available. President Cleve
land tried It once, and more than once,
with success. But the vindictive oligarchy,
equally regardless of public and of party
faith, had Its revenge upon him when It
came to that measure -of his second Ad
ministration to which his party was
most completely pledged. The Senatorial
term outlasts the Presidential, and In di
rect proportion as the aims of the Presi
dent are high and patriotic will be the
bltternefs of hio disappointment and the
grleveousness of his troubles. And as for
the Representative who might be urged to
defy the Senator who Is also the boss, or
the Senator who represents the boea, he
Is commonly rendered powerless by the
fact that he mortgaged his Independence
In order to secure his seat. Bosses are
not looking for manliness and courage In
their Legislators.
Conserrntlve Sentiment for the Navy
St. Paul Pioneer Press.
Talking about Germany's supposed part
In preventing the acquisition of the"Danl3h
West Indies by the United States, a writer
In the current number of the Forum dis
cusses the deslro of that country to ab
sorb Denmark Into the German Empire.
Such absorption. If effected, would natur
ally carry the islands, as appurtenances
of Denmark, under the German flag. How
would the United States look upon this?
He aays: "A transfer of sovereignty In
the waters of the New World would be
a violation of the Monroe Doctrine. Would
the United States so regard It In the cir
cumstances? An extremely Interesting
question would be raised If that
should happen, and a question that
might not be so easy of so
lution, especially If at that time, as al
ready suggested. Germany possessed a'
navy superior to that of the United States
and felt that she could afford to disre
gard tho warning of the latter country.'
The comment cf an Eastern contcmpo
rary Is that "unless the United States Is
criminally indifferent to Its own welfare
ana nonor, it win not be caught with a
navy Inferior to that of Germany or of
any other European power except Great
Britain, for whose good behavior we have
ample hostages." The action of tho. New
Tork Chamber of Commerce and of the
New Tork Legislature In urging the Im
mediate enlargement of our Navy shows
that the sentiment voiced- In this last ex
tract Is wide and deep, and pervades our
most conservative classes.
nnlldozlnc and nnslness.
Cleveland Leader.
Latin America will not fall to note the
fact that Germany leads and Great Brit
ain nd Italy follow, more or less hesi
tatingly. In the coercion of Venezuela. In
some respects the other powers Involved
do not keep In line with Germany at all.
;onsequently. the feeling will be common
In South America that Germany Is tho
nation of Europe which is most to be
dreaded and least to be dealt with as a
friend. The net result seems likely to be
bad for German business interests. In a
few cases extraordinary concessions may
bo obtained through fear of giving of
fense to the German government, but In
many more, it seems probable, there will
be natural unwillingness to trade with
Germans or grant German companies fa
vors for manufactures, mining or any
thing of that sort. The stronger the
I-atln-Amcrlcnn state and the more Im
portant its commerce and industries, the
lcrs it will be likely to yield to Germany
through fear, and the more Its people will
probably Incline toward other nations.
rivals of the Oerrrans In South America,
Central America and Mexico. In this age
the policy of terrorism docs not always
pay, between nations or individuals.
Monopoly Contravenes the Larr.
Houston Post.
A monopoly Is contrary to the general
welfare, and the Government must attack
It directly upon the principle of Its exist
ence, which Is contrary to common law
and to numerous Federal and state stat
utes. It were a lame government that
could not protect Its people- from monop
oly as from any other form of brigandage.
The power Inheres In sovereignty, and
sovereignty resides In organized govern
ment of whatever form except as to Its
express limitations. The only question
worth considering In this country is me
precise power of the Federal Government
under the reservation to the states.
Wanton Destruction In the "West.
Boston Transcript.
The buffaloes of the West have been
treated almost as wantonly as the forests
of the East. Of course. It was necessary
that both should be thinned out consider
ably to make room for an advancing civ
ilization, but It was not necessary, nor
was It wise, that .cither should be brought
so near the nolnt of annihilation. Tho
contempt for arfd hostility to tho sublime
prlmltlveness of this country mat nava
marked an advance moro resistless than
any of the old buffalo migrations havo
been painful and unpralseworthy features
of our last century development.
Ships nnd Men Xeeded.
Washington Post.
It has been the determination of this
country of the people end their govern
mentever since the reconstruction of
our decayed Navy began, to go on with
the great work. We need not go Into
spasms or "throw fits;" oil that Is re
quisite Is to go calmly, deliberately and
Intelligently forward on the line adopted a
little more than two decades ago. But
while building ships and guns we must
not continue to neglect provisions for
manning them. That is the chief naval
problem of the hour
Xo Virtue In the Repeal.
Boston Globe.
Tho duty on coal has been taken off,
but that is more the result of the un
bounded public Indignation over the scarc
ity of fuel than part of a general plan
which should bo devised and carried out
to rescind or amend laws wnich
threaten the general prosperity.
Thinics Rockefeller Cannot Buy.
St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
Despite the possession of vast riches
Olr. Rockefeller Is. not a contented man.
He longs for a good appetite, a cure for
nervousness, a panacea for Insomnia and
a chance to rnako moro money.
K0TE AXDCOMMEXT
Some parts of Portland need the dredge
as badly as the Columbia docs.
The people with poems on "The Beau
tiful Snow" are now having their Innings.
Truly, with -baseball war, Venezuelan
trouble. Legislatures and moral reform,
these aro stirring times.
The city employes who got their pay
raised received their valentines a little
ahead of time this year.
A Portland laundry company Is suing
a driver who left its employ ana toon
trade with him. It's a good thing he didn't
tako IK Instead.
We have all heard of the man who
counted his chickens before they wero
hatched, but In this progressive age he
will begin to compute before tho eggs are
even laid.
The announcement comes that William
Jennings Bryan will have his picture on
the new 13-cent postage stamp. Tho color
of tho new sticker wlll'be black, and will
be for use only on Friday.
Newspaper statisticians will now have
a chance to figure up the number of little
boys drowned by falling through the Ice
and the number of arms and legs frac
tured by bobsled collisions.
A Portland man has Invented a machine
In which to shut up umbrellas and coats.
so that they will not be stolen In barber
shops. Tho next thing Is to get a con
trivance with which to shut up the bar
bers. The Rev. J. T. McFarland was flnert ino
Judge Ma&aw, In Topeka. January 10, for con
tempt ot court at tne trial of Carrie N'atlan
for disturbing the peace. Dr. McFarland
errang to hU feet and Bhoute.l: "This trial has
been a travesty of Justice." lie was fined $23,
and. upon further talk, this was raised to J10O.
tr. -Hcrariana paia tne nne. lie was in cus
tody only a few minutes, and cave his check.
After he paid the flno 100 men contributed 1
each and reimbursed him. Kansas City Star.
Who said there was no such thing as
luck?
Not long ago Sir Richard Powell, a
famous London physician, was called to
treat King Edward. The King's regular
physician. Sir Francis Laklng, was pres
ent. After examining his august patient
Sir Richard said In his characteristically
brusque way: "Tou have eaten and drunk
too much. I will send you a prescription
that will put you right." Then he hurried
out to see other patients, when Sir Fran
cis followed and protested against his
abrupt way of treating the King. "My
dear Laklng," said Powell, "If there 13
any squirming to do you return and at
tend to It. I really haven't the time."
Senator Hoar was tackled in the Senate
marble-room by a grizzled old fellow in a
faded Federal uniform. "I was In the
3Uh Massachusetts," he explained, "tha
regiment that came out of the war with
only 330 men. I was In tho Soldiers'
Home, but they dropped me." "And what
can I do for you?" asked tho aged states
man. "I would like to get back, and I
want you to help me out." tho old soldier
explained. "I would suggest that It would
be more accurate to say that you want
me to help you In," said tha Senator,
without the trace of a smile.
It is told of ex-Governor Hogg, of
Texas, that he had a favorite waiter in
a Washington hotel, and always gave a
dollar after eating.- He missed Sam from
behind him one evening at dinner, which
was served by a strange negro. As Hogg
pushed back the chair. Indorsed tho check
for the meal and reached Into his pocket
for a coin, ho asked the waiter: "Where's
Sam?" "Sam's done los' you. sah." "Lost
me?" said Hogg, bewildered. "Tes'ah.
Tou see, me an' Sam played pokah las'
night. Sam was a-losln', an' finally went
broke. Den he says to me he'd Just bet
yo" against two dollahs' wuth of chips,
sah, an' Sam well, Sam done los' you.
MIstah Hogg."
In describing ono of his escapes from
the British. General De Wet says: "I de
cided on climbing the Magalies Mountains
without a path or road. Near by there
was a Kaffir hut, and I rodo up to It.
When the? Kaffir came out to me I pointed
to the Magalies Mountains and asked:
'Right before us, can a man cross there?"
No, baas, you cannot." the Kaffir an
swered. 'Has a man ever ridden acros3
here?" "Tcs, baas." replied tho Kaffir,
'long ago." 'Do baboons walk across?"
Tes, baboons do,vbut not a man." 'Coma
on, I said to my burghers. "This 13 our
only way and where a baboon can cros3
we can cross." " After a terrible climb,
much of the time In full view of the en
emy below, the burghers escaped.
Once when Chief Justice John Marshall
was driving In Virginia he found that tha
tire on one of his wheels was loose and
kept slipping off. Ho didn't know a great
deal about common affairs, for he had not
lived much with tho common affairs of
life, but he did know that water would
tighten a tire on a wheel. So he came to a
little branch and drove Into It and got one
little section of the wheel wet. then drove
out and backed his horse, and tho same
part of the wheel went Into the water
again, and he pulled back and kept see
sawing backward and forward, all tha
time getting the same part of the wheel
wet. While the Judge was bothering him
self about how to get the wheel wet a
negro came along, and, seeing the situa
tion, told him to back into tho water
again. Ho did so, and the negro took
hold of the spokes of tho wheel, and.
turning It around, directly had It wet all
around. Judge Marshall said: "Well. I
never thought of that." Tho darky re
plied: "Well, some men Just nafly have
more sense than others, anyhow."
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGItAPHEIlS
First Boarder Don't you think our landlady
keeps a. good table? Second Ditto If she does
she keeps It to herself! Harvard Lampoon.
The Doctor Aro you sure you never burled
any one alive? The Undertaker Well, none of
your patients, at least. Chicago Daily News.
Daughter He said he'd die If I refused hjra.
Father Let him die. then. Daughter Why,
papa, don't you know that he's insured In your
company 7 Puck.
Beatrice Why did you cut Reclnald on the
street? He Is awfully rich, don't you know.
Agnes On. yes. I Just wanted to see how it
felt to cut coupons. Judge.
"When Mr. Casey died he left all ho had to
the orphan asylum." "Indeed! That was nice
of him. What did ho leaver' "Ills 12- chil
dren." Chicago Evening Post.
Dr. Smarty Had a very delicate surgical
operation at my place yesterday. Removed an
arm from a lady's waist. Dr. Synnei If It
was your arm, the operation could not have
been very painful to the lady. Boston Tran
script. "For gracious' eakes, what was that I hit
my shins against, coming through the parlor
in the dark?" "Oh, I guess that was the easy
chair. Hiram." "Well. If that's the easy chair,
I don't want to run up against the hard oner'
Tonkers Statesman.
"I am supposed to die of a broken heart,
said the unmanageable actress. "Now, how
am I to know how a person with a broken
heart behaves?" "I'll tell you what to do."
answered the cold-blooded manager. "You" study
the author of this play after be sees your first
lcerformasce ot It." Washington star.