THE HOUSING OltEGONIAN, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1903.
11
TO PEOPLE OREGON
A. L Craig Delivers Address
on " Immigration."
IS STATE'S GREATEST HEED
To Get Slore Worker and Farmers
to Develop Reionrcci Requires
Thorough, and Systematic Effort
on the Part of CItlicna.
At the monthly dinner of the University
Club last evening. General rassenger
Agent A. L. Craig, of- the O. R. & N. Co..
delivered an Interesting addreas on Im
migration" and after dinner, the O. It. &
N. Co.'s stcreoptlcon views taken through
out Oregon were displayed. There was
a good-sized assemblage present both at
the lecture and at the showing of the
views, and the remarks of the evening
were often lntcrspcreed with vigorous ap
plause. Tho views shown comprise
about 150 of the best scenes in the state.
Mr. Craig's address In part was ns fol
lowu: . .
"I take it that the Immigration which
the University Club had In ralnd when it
asked mi to be here, was that which
pertains more particularly to our own
state the beautiful, fertile state of
Oregon. The Pacltlc Coast does not get
directly from Europe or other foreign
lands any considerable proportion of Its
population. It Is true that more or lews
rnrelimers drift to the coast In time, but
out of the many thousand immigrants
landing at the port of hew orK eacn
year not more than 2000 or 3009 come to
Oregon.
"A largo proportion of those from
abroad booked through to California were
Italians who are attracted by climatic
conditions similar to those of 'Sunny
Ttnlv.' nnd bv the onnortunitv Of following
viticulture, vegetable gardening and other
pursuits in' regard to wmcn tncy are
skilled at home. It Is to be regctted that
we are not attracting a greater number
of Britons. Scandinavians and Germans.
a they ore mainly thrifty and sturdy
workers and producers, such as arc needed
to open up a new country like this.
"Oregon's population is largely American
born, or composed of foreigners who have
been long enough here to become assim
ilated. It is the Mstory of Western Im
migration that the West settles the West.
To my mind, the Pacific Coast offers es
pecial Inducement to the law-abiding in
tending immigrant owing to tho excellent
class of those already resident here. We
have no euch class as that which comes
from Europe and furnishes the cheap
labor of the Atlantic Coast and rarely get
beyond the Mississippi River, nor have
we the Ignorant and shiftless negro of
the South. It is true we have some
Chinese, but their number is not great
enough now to be material. Some think
that in the absence of cheap white Euro
pean labor, Oregon would receive material
old In its development if we had 100.000
Chinamen here engaged in clearing forest
lands, constructing Irrigation ditches'and
similar work, for when they are plentiful
they work cheap, and much could bo ac
complished under such conditions which
cannot now be done owing to the scarcity
and high price of labor.
When It Can lie Induced to Move.
'"When times arc dull and money scarce,
there !n no sale for lands or personal
property. At such times It la almost im
possible to -attract lmmignntlon. Peoplo
located in the East will seldom sacrifice
their belongings in order to move even
when they have been convinced that some
other locality would be mere agreeable to
them. Immigrants can best be moved,
therefore, in good tlmm such as the pres
ent. As it Is now, the young man from
the Atlantic Slope Is buying the farm ot
some one in the Mississippi Valley, and
tho latter, always looking westward,
comes perhaps to Oregon.
The securing of Immigration Is subject
to the same rules at any other well-ordered
business. A shot Into the air some
times strikes, but a carefully-aimed shot
1a much more likely to be effective. Syste
matic, properly directed effort is, there
fore, required. As at present conducted
most successfully immigration work Is
along about the following lines:
"First, a large quantity of cheap printed
matter Is distributed by mail and by other
means in a certain community. In this
printed matter there is an invitation to
any one. if at all Interested, to correspond
with a certain person. Correspondence,
which Includes the mailing of attractive
and more elaborate printed matter than
that first sent out. Is followed by personal
calls, and whenever the Interest Sn the
community .seems to warrant, lectures
often Illustrated with stereoptlcon pic
turesare given. Assistance is given in
finding such a home as the training or
Inclination of the Intending settler would
seem to make desirable, this sometimes
entailing a preliminary trip to Oregon, if
you please. When the immigration agent
hears that Mr. So-and-So has sold his
farm, the seller is promptly approached
and solicited to go West. Like any other
business, after the first symptom of West
ern fever has developed. It is simply a
matter or persistent. Intelligent work.
Bargain days in railroad rates are at
tractive. Why $15 or 130 should Influence
any one in choosing a home, unless in
ver" straitened circumstances, I cannot
understand, r can vouch, however, for
the fact that the advertising of cheap
rates is attractive to the farmer who Is
contemplating a change.
How to Hold It.
"If the present residents of Oregon will
look after the newcomer a bit and give
some evidence of a desire to have him re
main. It will go a long way toward mak
ing the immigrant stay with us. A pleas
ant word and a friendly greeting to the
stranger Is worth much to him and costs
tho giver little. He perhaps knows al
most no one and is lonesome, and If al
lowed to drift aldng without attention
from Ms neighbors he Is very apt to be
come dissatisfied and return. Encourage
him, however, until he has established
himself and made new friends and become
one of us, and ho will not be apt to regret
the move.
"Despite tho fact that the movement of
homeseekers and prospective settlers to
the Pacific Northwest In 1502 was the most
phenomenal within Its history, and that
during the year there were more public
lands entered and disposed of in Oregon
than In any state west of the Rocky
Mountains, there yet remained at the
close of the fiscal -year, June 30. nearly
22.000.000 acres of unappropriated nubile
land. The untaken lands lie In every part
or toe state, ana incmao lands of all
kinds productive and unproductive Near
ly all ot the public lands which under
present conditions arc susceptible of being
cultivated are somewhat remote from
transportation lines. It is not only upon
Government lands, however, that the new
Immigrant can be placed. In thousands of
Instances those already here have title to
much land which Is not cultivated, and
what is under cultivation is not yielding
tho best results. The present owners of
land unfilled or improperly tilled must
give way to the Eastern farmer, who has
learned through many bitter trials the
value of diversified farming. Therefore
even if "Uncle Sam Is no longer rich enough
to give us all a farm, there is no dearth
of room. If you want to dream a little,
Just close your eyes and dwell on this
single statement: If Oregon were as
thickly settled as the anthracite coal re
gion, which has given cause for so much
though during the past year, she would
be supporting as many people as were jn
the whole ot the United States in 1900. and
have something over 40.000,000 souls be
sides. Value to Oregon.
"Nearly every newcomer to this stata
brings with him something of Intrinsic
value which adds to the taxable property
In the state. I am safe in saying that
thero was brought Into Oregon and Wash
ington In 1802 by newcomers from the East
not less than J6.000.000, which will hereaf
ter be taxed to help support our Govern
ment and public Institutions. Besides
this, these people come from thickly set
tled regions, where competition has forced
careful and advanced methods of farming.
I do not mean to advance the Idea that
Eastern people know It all. but I do be
lieve It Is a fact that, other things being
equal, methods are more truly econom
ical, and therefore rnro advanced, where
competition is keen and the volume of
business large. I believe that until this
rtatc Is fairly well settled and support
ing a population of at least 2.O00.000 people
Instead of 500.000 Oregon could well af
ford on expenditure of $100,000 per annum
to be spent in inducing immigration. A
part of this should be spent In Europe.
Exhibits should be sent to Eastern State
end County Fairs, newspapers freely used,
pamphlets and maps printed and Intelli
gent men employed to explain by word of
mouth and by correspondence the advan
tages of this country.
"I regard Individual effort as a great
factor in the settlement of Oregon. Tho
consistent sending. of printed descriptive
matter, such as pamphlets, holiday edi
tions of newspapers, newspapers or maga
zines containing Information regarding
the state's productions, scenery, etc.. sup
plemented with seasonable and pertinent
facts, to acquaintances in the Ea.t will
be of material help: for Instance, a few
days ago. In writing a friend in Minne
sota, my wife Inclosed a sprig of pussy
willow, thus demonstrating that our
Spring Is nearly three roanths earlier than
theirs. 'Received as this was when the
thermometer was t-elow zero, such an object-lesson
cannot fail to leave its Im
press. These thlmrs are talked of and
commented upon in tho Immediate family
clrclo as well as among f.amily friends.
What first attracted me to this country
was the fact that every one I met from
here was In a hurry to get home. in
Summer In the East it was too hot, and
in Winter too cold, but 'all right' in Ore
gon at all seasons of the year."
MANY MILES OF SIDEWALK
Lint of Street Which City Council
HnM Ordered Improved.
The Council at its regular meeting
passed resolution directing the City En
gineer to prepare estimates and specifica
tions for the Improvement of no less
than 39 streets of this city. This Is tho
largest lot of improvement resolutions
that has ever been passed in a single
meeting, and it will mean many weeks'
work for the City Engineer's- department.
All the streets running east and west
from Jcffereon to Hoyt and as far. up as
Nineteenth treet in some places will be
improved with cement walks, and 16 of
the principal streets of South Portland
will be macadamized. This Improvement
will cost many thousand dollars and it
will be several months before it Is fin
ished. - By passing these rcrolutlona on Wednes
day, the Council expressed Its intention
of Improving the following named streets
with cement walks during the coming
Spring: Jefferson from First to Fourth,
Madison from Front to Fifth, Main from
Front to Fifth. Salmon from Front to
Sixth, Taylor from Front to Sixth, Yam
hill from Front to Sixth, Morrison from
Front to Chapman, Alder from Front to
Sixth, Washington from Front to Nine
teenth; Stark from Front tp Seventh, Oak
from Front to Park. Pine from Front to
Seventh. Ash from Front to Park, Ank
eny from Front to Fourth, Burnslde
from Front to Washington. Couch from
Front to Park. Davis from Front to
Park, Everett from Front to Park. Flan
ders from Front to Park, Glisan from
Front to Park, Hoyt from Fourth to
Park and Irving from Seventh to Park.
This propdscd Improvement will mean the
laying ot no less than 12 miles of cement
walks.
Resolutions were also adopted express-
,lng an intention of mending and improv
ing tne roiiowing streets with macadam,
and by laying cement walks and curbs
where the old wooden ones are In bad
condition: Twentieth from Washington
to Savler, Front from Arthur to Seymour,
Bancroft from Macadam to West, First
from Arthsr to Seymour, Corbett from
Hood to Seymour, Hooker from Water
to Seymour, Meade from Corbett to Sec
ond, Water from Arthur to Hooker, Ar
thur from Front to Water, Hamilton from
Macadam to West, Hood from Caruthers
to Baker, Hood from Porter to Grover.
Corbett from Curry to Gaines, Corbett
from Porter to Grover, Front from Woods
to Grover, First from Woods to Glbbs
and First from Sheridan to Arthur. This
will include practically all the Important
streets in South Portland, and by the time
they are finished that part of the city
will be the best-paved section of Portland.
MANY AFTER CITY JOBS.
Civil Service Commission Receives
Numerous Applications.
The city Civil Sen-Ice Commission evi
dently has its work cut out for it. It Is
not likely to meet In session until after
tho Legislature adjourns, as there Is no
particular necessity for it meeting
sooner, and It has other things to attend
to than examining applicants for posltlona
Meantime persons desirous ot securing po
sitions continue to apply for examination
papers, the majority being persons who
wish to become policemen. It is remark
able how many persons desire to be clad
In a little brief authority and a suit of
blue with brass buttons. Auditor' Devlin
had 1500 applications printed, thinking that
they would bo sufficient, but it looks now
as if 15,009 will be needed unless the com
mission should meet soon.
The tilling out and attesting to so many
blanks will furnish a lot of available in
formation as to the age, birthplace, educa
tion, residence, height and 'weight of a
large number of people, and all who deetre
can And out whether these applicants have
been married or had the rheumatism, or
have been convicted of any crime. There
was considerable sympathy expressed by
all In the Auditor's office yesterday morn
ing forgone unfortunate applicant. He
had evidently suffered some severe illness
and did not appear tp be strong or capable
of much physical exertion, and beside had
lost his hearing, but was still able to
speak a little In a strange voice. He was
anxious tQ secure some kind of employ
ment and willing to take a position as
Janitor or In tho street-cleaning depart
ment. The poor fellow received every
courtesy from Auditor Devlin, who was
obliged to tell him that he was not fitted
fnr Mtrfif-dr.'in'nrr xrnrlr n ..-i , - . ,
. ... - - i wn.ijg lu ins
deafness, he would be likely to be run over
ay streetcars or oiner vemcies. A by
stander remarked aside that he was not
fitted for a Janitor, as soma one would
have to write out for him whatever he
might be required to do and hunt him up
to give him the paper. All felt sorry for
him, but all knew that the city was not a
charitable institution and could not cm
ploy lncapables. and they feared for him
when his case came before the commis
sion. BRIKGS CHICAGO NEARER.
Seventy Honrs Is the Time East Via
"Chtcnco-Portlnnd Special."
The time between Portland and Chlcai-o
via the "Chicago-Portland Special" nows
70 hours, or two hours less than three
days. Train leaves every morning at SJO
o'clock. Inquire O. H. & N. ticket office.
Third and Washington.
DCSIXESS ITEM8.
If Baby la Cutting Teeth,
Be snre and use that old and well-tried remedy
Mrs. WlnsloWa Soothing 8rrup. tor children
teething. It soothes tht child, softens the gums,
allays all pain, cores wfod collo and diarrhoea.
BARRETT BUSYAT BOMBAY
LUGES ORIENTAL exhibitors TO
11CMEM DCIt JOS PA I It.
Tells Them They Can Kill Two Blr5
1- Sending; St. Lonis Dis
plays Here.
The Bombay Gazette of January 9 has
the following account of the visit of John
Barrett. Commissioner-General of the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition, in which
Mr. Barrett urges exhibitors to "kill two
birds with one stone" by sending their
displays to the Lewis and Clark Expo
sition In 1903:
The fit. Louis World's Fair Commissioner
Central, the Honorable Mr. John ltarrett, ac
companied by Ms secretary, Mr. Theodore Har
dee, have returned from attendance at the Delhi
durbar, and are stopping at tbe Royal Yacht
Club chambers. Uy Invitation of the Hombay
Chamber of Commerce, the Commissioner-General
will address that body this afternoon on
the subject of India's participation In the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition, as this World's
Fair Is officially known. This meeting bids
THE I.ATU IIOWAGKK EMPRESS OF CIIl.VA.
The late Dowager nmpress of China, upon whom, by the death of LI Hung
Chanc. devolved much of tbe djplomatle work of the present complex situation la
the "Celestial Kingdom," was a rather handsome woman In her youth. The pic
ture is a reproduction of a photograph ot an early ralntlng. The Empress was the
daurhttr ot a Chinese laborer, and was sola In her childhood to a mandarin,
throuzh whose favor she was taken to court, where the then Emperor saw and
lOTed her. Her full name Is swelled with 57 letters.
fair to be a large one. nnd will probably be at
tended by the representative business men ot
Bombay. This evening ha will be the guest ot
the Toung Men'a Christian Association, and de
liver by special request. In their Apollo Bunder
rooms, a brief address on the subject ot "The
Opportunities ot the Toting Man ot the Twen
tieth Century."
The Commissioner-General will leave Bombay
on Saturday by the P. and O. steamer China
for Marseilles, and after spending a week in
Paris and London, conferring with the Colonial
Offices of France and Great Britain in regard
to the representation of their Asiatic dependen
cies at the 'World's Fair, will proceed to Amer
ica with the expectation of reaching Washing
ton about the middle of February. He Intends
to remain in America about one month, com
pleting the arrangements there for the partici
pation ot Asiatic countries at, St. Louis, and
then go on to Australasia, which he has not yet
visited in the execution ot his mlsson. When
the Commissioner-General sails away from In
dia he will -have negotiated with every Import
ant Independent and dependent government
from Toklo to Bombay, including Japan, Korea,
Russian Siberia, China, Philippines, French
Indo-Chlna, Slam. Straits Settlements, Ceylon,
Burmah and Indian proper. Although he has
met with many dlfacultles largely due to the
prevailing Ignorance In Asia of the plan and
scope ot the St. Louis World's Fair, and ot
many unhappy experiences with former exhibi
tions he will carry back to America with him
the official assurances of a majority ot these
countries that they will take part In the Louis
iana Purchase Exposition on a larger scale
than they have done at any other World's Fair.
As his mission Is chiefly a diplomatic one, he
has devoted bis attention principally to ar
rangement with the governments and to con
ferences with the representative business In
terests. He has no time or authority tor the
actual collection of exhibits.
When the Commissioner-General was asked
by a representative of the Gazette to give an
interview on the World's Fair, he asked to be
excused from making' an extended statement In
adrance of his address before tbe Chamber ot
Commerce this afternoon, but consented to an
swer a few questions that were asked him. In
resptnse to an inquiry about his declination of
the Japanese mission, and he alleged opposi
tion ot Japan to his appointment, Mr. Barrett
sad:
"Although I appreciated greatly the honor
that President Roosevelt showed me by offering
me the high and responsible post ot United
States Minister to Japan. I felt that I could
sot possibly accept without doing serious injury
to the Interests" of the World's Fair, and dis
regarding my obligations to complete mr pres
ent mission. Tbe offer came to me Just as I
was Beginning uie exploitation or India, which
I consider a most Important field. Had I ac
cepted I would have been obliged to have given
that up. as well as Australasia, another very
Important section ot the world which I have
not yet had time to visit. It Is my desire and
ambition to see the Asian and Australasian
representation at St- Louis the most" complete
ever displayed In America, and so do all In my
power to promote the growth of commercial
and friendly relations between the United
States and the countries bordering on the Pa
cific and Indian Oceans. In view of the mag
nitude and character of the World's Fair, I anr
striving to arrange to have these Asiatic ex
hibits not only comprehensive, but thoroughly
legitimate and Illustrative of their real re
sources, products and possibilities I am not
seeking spectacular features, which often are
demoralizing In tone and effect, but am urging
Asiatic governments and exhibitors to permit
only such exhibits to be sent to St. Louis as
will in every way reflect credit upon them. In
regard to Japan's alleged objections to me on
account ot certain political views I was de
scribed as holding. I have no definite knowl
edge. I cabled my declination almost Imme
diately after the tender."
As Comciltsloner.Genera! Barrett comes
from the Paclfie Coast of the United States,
he takes more than the usual interest la the
development of American commerce and pres
tige on the Pacific He speaks In earnest and
almost enthusiastic terms of the growth and
prosperity of California. Oregon and Washing
ton, the three American states which border
on the Pacific Ocean. He prophesies for them
a future equal to that of the Atlantic Coast,
uiu bukscbib i(.ai mv Business interests or
India should keep an eye on that section ot
America, with reference .to future possibilities
of trade. The Lewis and Clark Exhibition,
which la to be held In Portland, Or.. In 1905, to
celebrate the centennial of the exploration of
the Pacific Northwest by Lewis and Clark, was
mentioned by him as an excellent opportunity
for Indian exporters and Importers to become
better acquainted with the Pacific Coast ot
America. He advises that all exhibitors" who
have displays at SU. Louis should plan to take
them to Portland In 1003. after the conclusion
ot the World's Fair at SU Louis In 1901. As
he aptly puU It, they will thus be able to "kill
two birds with one stone." Tbe Louisiana
Purchase Exposition will close on December 1,
1004, and the Lewis and Clark Exposition will
open early in 1605, giving exhibitors from for
en countries sufficient time to transfer and In
stall their displays to advantage. The Commis-
eloner-Oeneral also advises all people who go
from India to travel- well over the United
States, Including the far West, and visit such
enterprising cities as San Francisco, Los An
geles. Portland, Taeoma and Seattle, which
typify the present progressiva spirit of the
American people.
In speaking of the durbar, Mr.-Barrett said
that it was magnificent and Impressive beyond
description, and well worth a Journey round the
world to see. He says that It was the grandest
pageant he ever beheld, or ever expects to look
upon. Great Britain, and Lord Canon as its
chief In India, can well feel proud of such a
mighty and unprecedented achievement.
IRISHMEN PROTEST.
Clrcnlnr Letter Voices Imllsrnntlou
nt Sentence o Colonel Lynch.
Tho following letter has been Issued by
JamesK. Dolan. National president ot the
Ancient Order of Hibernians, to the offi
cers and members of the society In the
United States and Canada:
"Again we are called upon to enter our
solemn protest agalnrt, and condemna
tion of, the action of the British govern
ment against one of our race, Arthur
Lynch, who is under sentence of penal
servitude for that crime for which eo
many Irishmen have suffered, high trea
son against the" British government. The
crime has always been popular In Ireland
and among Irishmen everywhere for the
reason that they love liberty and hate
oppression. Having lived under the yoke
of tho oppressor so long, a yoke against
which they always protested, nnd to
throw off which they have shed seas of
blood. It might be thought that Ireland
has been subdued by conquest, but no
gent-ration has passed without a deter
mined effort having been made to strike
off the chains which bind her to her op
pressor. "Tho most conservative Irishmen" have
always said that 'England's difficulty Is
Ireland's opportunity.' and when the
great Boer war began Colonel Lynch went
out to South Africa primarily to investi
gate and determine for himself tho' Jus
tice of the Boer cause, and having found
that lust for gold was the underlying mo
tivo of England he foreswore allegiance
to Britain nnd enlisted In the army of the
patriots. Sn thousands of his countrymen
formerly did who served in the armies of
Washington and Jackson and others,
whose successful campaigns drove the
hosts of Britons from our shores. But,
being an honorable man, he first fore
swore his allegiance to Britain beforo
taking up arms against her.
"Ho saw that the came spirit which Im
pelled British soldiers to shoot down de
fenseless citizens In the streets of Bos
ton, to slaughter people of all ages, sexes
nnd conditions who bad taken refuge
around the Celtic Cross at Wexford, and
to blow the patriots of India from the
cannon's mouth still exists in tbe breasts
of Englishmen and was being practiced
upon the Boers, whoso only crime was
that their country possessed wealth which
Englishmen coveted.
"The only crime of Colonel Lynch con
sists In that he was elected to Parlia
ment while serving In the army of Eng
land's enemy. For this Insult of his con
stituents he must now suffer.
"The people of Cape Town were British
subjects. Many of them served in the
ranks and gave aid and comfort to the
Boer cause, yet these people are to bo
spared, and Colonel Lynch, who owed no
allegiance to Britain and consequently
was not a traitor, is to suffer. The Incon
sistency ot England's position In the
Lynch caso must again remind the civil
ized world that England has one law for
Irishmen and another for those with
whom It is wise to deal' leniently.
"We deem It tho duty of tho members
of the A. O. H. to protest In the strong
est terms against this, the latest outrage
against Ireland and Irishmen. We hope
that our members evesywhere will take
up the matter and act upon It In a manner
worthy of Irishmen and 'of the causa of
Irish Nationality."
MR. NEWSOM AND SETTLERS
Is the Irrlprntlon Compnny Retard
ing Development Workf
SALEM. Or.. Feb. 1. (To the Editor.)
Noticing In your paper of December 26,
1902. page 12. ,a letter from S. J. Newsom
entitled "Not for Poor Man," I saw the
following: "Juniper has nvcr been con
sidered timber, evidence; surveyors are
required plainly to blazo tho timber on
section lines, mark bearings to corners,
etc, which Is never done in the survey
of land where Juniper to the wood growth.
Juniper and sage bruh are vegetable
growths which water will kill."
Why, tho northwest corner of the very
land that S. J. Newsom filed upon under
tbe desert act Is a Juniper tree and plain
ly marked in numbers that a blind man
cpuld make out with his fingers, also the
section lines ,nre plainly blazed upon
Juniper trees. There li another Juniper
tree on the south end of Mudsprlng butte
numbered Sec 4, T. 16 B., R. 11 E., aJeo the
northwest corner of the township in which
Newsom'a land lies Is a Juniper tree
numbered Sec 31. T. 15 S.. R. II E., and
plainly numbered. "I have been to the
Identical trees with Mr. Newsom," also
another nt the northeast corner of Sec
31, T. 15 S., R. 11 E.. and hundreds of other
Juniper trees mark section cornera and
are blazed on section lines, but I gave the
above corners and numbers because any
one can easily And and go straight to
them. s
Now about water being death to Juniper
and sago brush. The writer as well as
dozena of others, tried to kill both Juniper
and sage with water and we found that
they both thrived and made a remarkably
fine growth I givo the following named
persons (without their knowledge or con
sent) to disprove Newsom's statement that
Juniper trees were not blazed, on section
lines and not numbered on section corners:
Thomas Arnold, George McCallcster, M. C
Aubrey. William Buhkhard. J. S.
Churchill. T. M. Post, Lewis McCallester,
Ed White (not the saloonkeeper). M.
Phillips. Dr. McKlnney. Gibson.
Robert McGowan, Jesse Harcrow, J.
Cramer. Wood. William Fryrear.
James Linton. E. A. Hammond, John
Hammond. Perry Polndcxter, Samuel
Prewltt, Knox Huston, surveyors, and I
could name scored of others.
Now, the truth of the matter Is that
Newsom and others organized what Is
known ns the Three Sisters Irrigation
Company, said company corraling all the
wafer in the Tomallo River and also ap
plying for several thousand acres of land
under tho Carey act; they, the company,
did a little work on their ditch two years
ago last Fall, but as the settlers did not
bite according to expectation the work
suddenly ceased and now the said com
pany Is trying to sell out to the Govern
ment at a good round figure. Mr. New
som's spiel about the poor homeseeker Is
all bceh, as we that know Brother New
som know that he has about the same
feeling for a poor homeseeker that a coyote
has for a chicken, and this same Juniper
timber Is and has been made Into violins
and guitars, some of them selling for
$40 each, and the timber- in very valuable
for cabinet work, taking on a polish
equaled, by very few woods, also the knots
being tight and never falling out and the
grain being beautiful.
Now, this Three Sisters Irrigation Com
pany has retarded and held back from
settlement nearly all the tillable land
west of the Deschutes, freezing out most
of the settler that did locate upon land
under their proposed ditch, as the com
pany built li miles of ditch, then issued
themselves a certain amount of non
assessable preferred stock and then kind
ly offered to let the settlers finish the
ditch for them and they (the company)
would let the settlers have water out of
said ditch forever, providing the settlers
would pay the company Jl per Inch per
annum for water.
HENRY M'CALLESTER.
FOR PORTAGE ROAD BILL
Chamber of Commerce Circulates
Petition Among Business Men.
The Chamber of Commerce was Instru
mental in having a petition circulated
around the business part of Portland yes
terday in support of tho Johnston-GInn
bill for a portage road. The petition,
which follows, was well signed:
To tho Members of tho Multnomah
Delegation of the Legislative Assembly
of the SUte of Oregon: Wc. the Under
signed merchants of Portland, respectful
ly request you to give your earnest sup
port to the bill Introduced by Represen
tative R. J. Glnn, providing for the con
struction of a state portage railroad be
tween The Dalles and Celilo and appro
priating tlC,0C0 therefor. The building of
this port l go railroad would open to con
tinuous navigation 510 miles of water on
tho Columbia and Snake rlvera and save
our merchants and producers fl.50O.O0O an
nually In freight charges. It would mein
the opening of the Inland EmDlre on a
I large scale and the marketing of Its prod
ucts at Portland. In our Judgment, a
portage railroad between The Dilles and
Celilo Is essentia! to tho commercial
prestige of Portlind and to the proper
development of our tributary trade field.
Action by the State of Oregon is urgent,
as It will be many years before the Gov
ernment of tho United States will com
plete its proposed locks and canal to
overcome tho obstructions in the Colum
bia between The Dalles and Celilo.
DAILY CITY STATISTICS.
Mnrrlace- Licenses.
Mun Munson, 36; Jennie Stenholm, 23.
Victor Westerlund, 25; Edla Mattson. 22.
ContnRloua Disease.
Mildred Wright, 392 Sixth street: diphtheria.
Julia Pratt. 1200 East Taylor street: scarlet
fever.
Lillian Tlmm, (39 Third street: scarlet fever.
Albert Tlmm, CSO Third street; scarlet fever.
Miss Bruce, smallpox, arrived from Tacoma.
Georgia and Ida M. Dingle, East Ninth and
East Burnslde: scarlet fever.
Births.
February 1. girl to the wife ot F. P. An
drews. 375 Stark street.
February 3, girl to the wife ot J. Slngletary,
262 Clay street.
February 3. boy to the wife of George Rout
ledge. East Twenty-fourth and Knox streets.
February 3, girl to the wife ot C. R. Powell,
131 '.4 Union avenue.
Denths.
February 4. Leontlne M. Lambert, 42 years
11 months 23 days, 4SS Columbia street: can
cer. February S, Mary E. Cain. 45 years, Good
Samaritan Hospital; endocarditis.
February 3, Margaret Hale, 91 years 8 months
1 day, Patton Home; old age.'
February 3, Wllhelmlna Robinson. C4 years 0
months 0 days. 184 Market street: pneumonia.
February S, Patrick Prunty, 01 years, St.
Vincent's Hospital; sarcema.
Building- Permits.
J. S. Weed, repairs. Albtna avenue, between
Fremont and Beech; J1S0.
George Klser. addition, southeast corner of
Irving and Sixth: $4000.
F. Brlthauer, one-story dwelling. East Sixth,
between Shaver and Falling; 1500.
George King, one-story dwelling. East Thir
teenth, between Shaver and Falling: 1150.
L. Stelnhauser, one-story cottage. East
Twenty-third, between East Main and East
Madison.
O. W. Kelson, two-story dwelling. East Six
teenth, between East Burnslde and Couch;
S2SO0.
0. W. Nelson. two-tory dwelling. East
Couch, between East Sixteenth and East Sev
enteenth; j:noo.
C M. Hlnkle. two-story dwelling. Ivy. be
tween Williams and Rodney avenues: 2000.
Ileal Estate Transfers.
The Alliance Trust Company. Ltd.. to
Max and George Loewenson, S. H of lot
3, block 16, Couch Addition fC500
I. D. Peters et al. to Jacob II. Cook. E.
Vt of lots 5, 6 block 21. Hanson's Sec
ond Addition SSOO
Robert W. Schmeer and wife to Alfred R.
Wright, lots 4, 5, block 2. Howe's Ad
dition 300
Max Loewenson et al. to Frank Klernan.
trustee, S. of lot 3, block 16, Couch
Addition 00
J. P. Menefee and wife to John A. Eng
lish and wife. W. 85 feet ot lots 14, 15,
block 23, Alblna 2000
LI da J. Jones and husband to Robert W.
Wilson et al., undivided one-third of lots
1. 2. and N. 5 feet of lot 3. block 303.. 4000
Multnomah Cemetery Company to Clara
Hale. '.4 of lot 42, block D, Multnomah
cemetery 10
P. H. and Jessie V, Marlay to John D.
LItherland, lot 10, block 1, Alblna Home
stead , 1
W. E. Lewis and wife to a E Longe
necker. lots 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 21. block
8, Trunedale 350
Mary Jane Gray to Margaret A. Eliton.
lots 1, 2. block 12. Klntel Park.- 200
Marie Forsythe and husband to Henry V.
v Adlx. N. H of lot 3. block 1G4, city 2150
Harrison E. Dempsey to M. L. Dempsey,
lots 2. 4, fl. 8. block L subdivision of
Brown Tract, section II. T. 1 S.. H-IE. 500
IT. L. Dempsey to 8. A. Demrsey, lots 2.
4. 6, 8. 0. 10. II. block 1, same .1000
George Schafer and wife to Adam Kawel.
lot 4. block 2. North Irvlngton 2T5
Mary E. O'Connor to A. It, Draper. lot
15. Arleta Park 113
Mary H. Couch to Timothy Dlnneen and
wife. lot 4. block 290, Couch Addition.. 1500
Jl. E. Stemler to Addle M. Stemler, lot 1.
block 11. Alblna 1
Emma L. Cole to J. S. Cole. lots 25. 20,
27. Palatine Hill. No. 2 1
Richard M. Butler and wife to J. L. and
Ida R. Forbes, lot 14. block 11. Mount
Tabor Villa Annex , 1050
W. F. Flledner to Daisy S. Flledner, lot
1. E. 12 feet of lot 2. block 1, W. W.
McGulre's Addition 'l
W. M. Seward to Victor Westerlund, lot
8. block 8. Lincoln .Park Annex 200
W. B. Struble and wife to.Jestle L. More
head. S. H of lot 3. Park block 4. city.. 5000
Anna B. Sutton to Charles O. Tlgglln. lot
7, block 13, Couch Addition 3200
The Title Guarantee & Trust Company to
F. W. Wegner. lots 15, 18. block 7:
lots 10, 11, block 8, Holladay Park Ad
dition 2550
Edwin R. Bryson and wife to Thomas
Leese. undivided 14 of lots 1. 2. 3. 10, 11.
12. block 2. Lesh'a Addition 1100
For Guaranteed Titles
Co Tnr1fl rv9 rtnanintAa jr.
Trust Co., 204-5-6-7 Failing building.
Fifty - Seventh Annual Report
TH
CONNECTICUT
MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE
COMPANY
To the Members:
For many years the operations of the
Connecticut Mutual have been assuming
a more and more distinctive and peculiar
interest for Its members, for the American
public and for the whole insurance world,
and for several remarkable reasons worth
noting.
For many years tho great majority of
companies have been gradually swerving
from the lines of practice which are na
tive and Inherent In 'life Insurance, until
at last many ot the largest and most rapidly-growing
companies have openly aban
doned the motive of life Insurance as the
motive to which they appeal for their
business: they no .longer otter the results
of real Hfo insurance attained by them
as tho attraction to the men whoso fam
ilies need Its protection and whose busi
ness they seek; they give their contracts
other names; they suppress so far as pos
sible tne appearance of a life insurance
contract: tiey endeavor as faj as possible
to give them the appearance of a profit- .
able Investment for the insured himself. I
He Is offered, not a life Insurance policy
tor the sake of its protection to those who
need Its protection, but a "Bond" as a
money-making investment for himself,
trusting, apparently, to the general lgnor
an5,e not to discover the unalterable facts
which make such a thing impossible, so
far as the great body of their clients is
concerned, and possible, if at all, only to a
few at the undue expense of the many.
Life Insurance undertakes to pay the
money value ot a man's llfo to tnose de
pendent on it, whenever they may lose It
by death. While be. lives he contributes
to pay the values of other men's lives by
way cf a premium proportioned to his risk
of dying-, according to his age. His risk
of dying Increases each year, but his pre
mium does? not Increase; therefore it must
pe so calculated that a proper part of
It can be put Into a Reserve Fund to
meet the future increase of the risk: this
Reserve Is put at interest, a certain
part of which is yearly added to the Re
serve; an addition to his premium Is also
made to provide for his share of the ex
penses. If the death losses are as heavy as was
assumed In computing the premium. If the
interest earned is no higher than was as
sumed, and if the expenses are as much
as was assumed, then the company will
Just pay Its losses as they occur, and
there will be nothing over for anybody;
the cost of the insurance will Just equal
the Income; but If the losses are lighter,
the interest rate higher and the expenses
less than t.as assumed, a saving will be
made on each of these items of total cost,
and that cost to tho company will be so
much less than the assumed exist.
Mutual Life Insurance undertakes to
give each man his Insurance at only what
It costs tho company; at his equal share
of that total cost In proportion to his risk
end to tbe premium he has paid In. It
returns to him. therefore, his share of the
savings. If It does this each year, then
he pays each year only what his risk has
actually cost the comnanv for that vear.
The more carefully the risks are selected,-'
mo Dexter tne rate ot interest earned;
the smaller the expenses in proportion to
the income, the greater the whole yearly
saving; the less the total cost
to the company, the greater each
man's share of the total savings
and the less his share ot the to
tal cost if he gets back his share of the
savings. That Is Mutual Life Insurance.
Thero Is no speculation In that; there Is
nothing in that to make It attractive to
a man as a personal venturer it is a pure
expense to him. and no one Is advantaged
In any case except il3 beneficiaries, who
get tho money value of bis life, which they
would otherwise have lost by his death.
The only motive for a man to tako a
policy of Mutual Life Insurance, there
fore, is the need of those dependent on
his life for its protection, and his duty
to give that protection to those whom he
has made, or who rightly are dependent
on his life and its financial product, and
his desire to get it at only Its actual,
proper cost.
The only way to make a policy attrac
tive as a nersonal venture to anr man Is
to do away with mutuality, except in the
premium charged; charge the full mutual
premium, but instead of giving back to
eacn man nis snare or ine yeany sav
ings, divide them up among only a few
and make the rest go without.
No man would accept such a proposi
tion unless he was either assured or felt
a considerable degree of confidence that
he was to be one of the few. So the
thing Is put up as a gamble. Each man
agrees to leave his sharo of the savings
with the 'company for. say, 20 years: that
If he dies meantime, his policy being still
In force, all his yearly shares of sav
ings which he might havo had back shall
be forfeited to the company for division
among the final few; also, if he does not
keep- up his policy, his share of tbe sav
ings while It was In force shall k the
same way. The division Is supposed to
take place at the end of 20 years among
those who have survived so long and also
havo paid their full premiums straight
througn; but each one 'has had to agree
beforehand to accept whatever the com
pany allots to him as his share: there Is
to be no statement of the size of the
"pot" nor any- accounting for its distribu
tion. The expected value of the share in
It of each of the final few Is set forth In
the estimates of various "bonds" and oth
er forms ot contracts, the specific feature
of all of which is the postponement of all
iivldonds for some period of years. It Is
tho chance of being in at the final division
and petting what others have lost that
is the attraction, addressed to the personal
Interest ot the man and not to his sense
of duty and honor toward his dependent
family. That chance, as estimated by the
companies originating the scheme. Is
about- one In three. At least two-thirds
will drop out by the way. Bach man
expects to be of the one-third. So he
stakes bis own proper share of the sav
ings for 20 years in the hope of helping
divide what the other two thirds must
lose. And the company holds the stakes
without accountability to any one.
Notwithstanding the fact that none of
the companies doing this sort ot "Invest
ment" business have ever made a divi
dend which even approximated tho esti
mates which attracted the "Investors
and that these dividends have steadily
and rapidly shrunk through all the many
years of tntlr experience, it is true that
they still succeed in attracting great num
bers to their membership. Personal In
terest In vyfcat Is made to appear a "good
thing," for which some one else Is ex
pected to furnish the contents. Is a mo
tive far more easily appealed to, with
less effort, and with much readier suc
cess, than one's sober, unselfish duty to
those he "has made helpless and dependent
and whose protection he has no right to
put In hazard.. .
The point of view of the companies sell
ing postponed dividend schemes is admira
bly revealed In the Instruction recently
given to Its agents by one of the very
largest of them: the capitals are the com
pany's own: "Get the Idea out of your
own head, and keep It out of the Invest
or's head, that you are simply ASSURING
HIS LIFE. Avoid that Inadequate con
ception of the transaction. View the mat
ter accurately and scientifically. You are
selling a block of bonds that Is the first
Idea. To that you add the idea of Insur
ance. Insurance of what? Why, Insur
ance of the INVESTMENT. It Is not.
STRICTLY SPEAKING, life Insurance
any more than it is fire Insurance or
marine Insurance It Is bond Insurance."
"But your client may say: The question
of cost is a gamblo after all.' Well, you
can. for the sako of argument, admit that
It IS a gamble. It may aid you in selling
your bonds "
It Is precisely because the great bulk of
business now done by life Insurance com
panies Is made to appear and to be ns lit
tle like real life insurance as possible,
and as much like a financial venture of
personal profit to he "Investor" as pos
sible, that the operations of The Connec
ticut Mutual take on a peculiar Interest
to all whose families need the protection
that pure life insurance alone can give.
For The Conhcctlcut Mutual Is not of
fering "Bonds" nor "Investments" which
can be made an actual Investment to one
man onlv by taking what two other men
have lost on tuelr "gamble." It seeks out
the men whose families need- life Insur
ance; It offers them real life Insurance. In
Us own name, on Its own proper motive
nnd basis; It does not expose itself and Its
business nnd the protection of Its bene
ficiaries to complete destruction by policy
contracts which permit all the reserves
tn be drawn out In cash. In any year, at
the will ot the policy-holders, like de
posits In n bank; it holds and treats Its
funds In the only manner In which they
can be held and treated for the proper
protection of real lite Insurance contracts
and with an eye single to tne sure care
of He beneficiaries, whose certain protec
tion Is the only reason for the existence
of a life Insurance company.
Therefore The Connecticut Mutual re
mains actually a mutual life Insurance
company. It selects its risks with great
care. In a limited area where the condi
tions ot life and health are well known;
It seeks safety and fair returns on its In
vestments; It keeps down Its expense rata
as low as possible; all In order to save as
much as possible of the premiums re
ceived by it, to be returned each year to
those frcm whom they were received, so
that each man's Insurance shall cost him
as little as possible, and only what It has
cost the company; and It seeks to deal
In entire equity and the good faith ot true
mutuality with those who lapse or die.
so that no one is plucked tor the advan
tage or some one else.
In a word, it Is dolr.ir and seeks to do
business as a. real mutual life Insurance
company, for life Insurance purposes,
knowing that never before was pure life
Insurance so much needed as now. and "all
the more because so much has Its place
been usurped by that which is not pure
life Insurance at all, and the funds for
which can no longer be held with any
certainty for any purpose ot life Insur
ance. It is In this lleht as a real mutual life
Insurance company that its operations
are to be viewed, and their results
weighed.
The Experience of 10O2.
In general, the experience of the Com
pany during the past year has been of
that steady, even-going character which
should characterize an old, thoroughiy-
grounded company, conservative In hold
ing to the real purpose of life insurance)
and to all that best effectuates It, and yet
progressive in mat wnlcn win tne better
commend it to -those who want it only
for that purpose.
The New Business taken on In 1302 was
somewhat more than that of the previous
year.
The Old Business has persisted In the
usual remarkable degTee. so that the
amount of business in force at the end of
the year shows the same steady gain aa
for several years past.
Tho Mortality cost for the year 1901 was
22.7 per cer.t less than that expected and
provided for, effecting a saving ot $543,258.
The Expenses of management for tha
year were less than for the year 1&0L
Interest.
For several years the abundance of
money-seeking conservative Investments
has caused a progressive decline In the
rate of interest on good securities, and
this Company has been somewhat affectel
thereby. In common with all other finan
cial institutions which derive their Inter
est Income from Investments of a perma
nent character. Our Interest income has.
however, been satisfactory, considering
existing conditions, and a considerable
margin above reserve requirements has
been saved.
Owing to tho very low rate of Interest
obtaining early in the year and during
1901, the market value of our bond hold
ings was very high, even on a conserva
tive view of the market. During the year
the money market so radically changed,
carrying the rates of interest so high, aa
to cause something of a decrease in mar
ket values, though very slight as a per
centage on our large holdings, indicating
their strong character. Such changes do
not affect .t all the Income from them,
and with a return of former conditions a
return of former values is to be expected.
With the exception ot two items of
Texas municipal bonds, interest has been
very closely collected on all securities.
The Real Estate Market In 1902 was not
a very favorable one for selling, but tha
Company disposed of 83 pieces of fore
closed property, costing Sil,SS3.t6.
As our mtmDers are already aware, the
Company has during the last three years
been erecting a new oiflce building, which
is practically completed; It has also been
makiig such changes in its old building
ns Increase its capacity, add greatly to Its
convenience and attractiveness for ten
ants, and connect it with and adapt it to
the new edifice. This work Is near com
pletion, and the whole seems likely to
prove a Judicious undertaking to a satis
factory result.
The Surplus at the end ot the year
stands at JG.379,992.43; by tho legal stand
ard it is over $9,000,000. It was reduced
during the year by tho temporary shrink
age In market values of bonds already re
ferred to by a balance of profit and loss
of J37.2a7.98 on sales of real estate and
various other minor items, and also by the
fact that we returned surplus to our policy-holders
on the same scale of dividend
that we have maintained for 22 years.
From 1881. when our surplus was $3.
251.155, we not only returned this high
rate of dividend. Increasing it somewhat
In 1S92. but added to the surplus each year
until 1SSS. when It stood at $7,521,909. Since
then it has been more or less drawn upon
each year In order that the cash payments
by our policy-holders need not be In
creased, and In order to tide over, as tar
as may prove practicable, the conditions
which are still unfavorable to so large a
saving of surplus as was possible for so
many years.
mu maintenance of the low cost to our
members during unfavorable years was
one of the purposes of that great accumu
lation, and our. present scale will be
maintained until It shall seem expedient
to draw no further on the surplus fund.
Attention Is called to the list of assets
and liabilities published elsewhere.
We also ask careful consideration of the
following summary of our financial history
of 57 years:
mm t c o o -t
6'd13'JS,,,?
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ife P
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332
5
9
a mQ
Of the J22.022.8M.S3 which The Connecti
cut Mutual has received from Its policy
holders It has returned to them or paid
to their beneficiaries J220.-t72.64S.69, or 99.30
per cent. What it has so paid back and
What It still holds as security for policy
contracts aggregates $2S8.117,1S3.40. or
12S.S7 per cent of lt3 receipts from policy
holders. This has been done at an ex
pense ratio of only 9.21 per cent of tho
total receipts.
This Is a record of a Mutual Life Insur
ance Company doing actual Mutual Life
Insurance, nnd It challenges comparison.
Respectfully submitted.
JACOB L. GREENE.
President.
Hartford, January 2-1, 1903.
Hotv to Arvnrd Rhodes Scholarship.
KANSAS CITY. Mo., Feb. 6. Dr. George
R. Parkin, of Toronto, Canada, who rep
resents the trustees under the Cecil
Rhodes will to decide -upon the method by
which free scholarships to Oxford Univer
sity are to be awarded to American boys,
held a conference inUhis city with tho
presidents of the universities of the South
west. A tentative arrangement was com
pleted and a man from each ot the states
and territories will be sent to Oxford In
1S04 under thcterms of the will. The con
ference recommended that tbe president
of each state or territorial university
should appoint two or four heads of educa
tional Institutions in his state, who, with
himself as chairman, shall constitute a
committee of selection. The following
were present at the conference: Presi
dent William Prather, University of
Texas; President D. R. Boyd, University
of Oklahoma: President Henry L. Hartzog.
University of Arkansas: Dr. W. S. Cbab
lln. Washington University, St. Louis,
and Dr. W. B. Brown, University of Mis
souri. Many causes Induce gray hair, but Parker's
Hair Balsam brines back the youthful color.
Ulndercoms, the best cure for corns, iscts.