u
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, JANUARY 31, 1903.
GOLD OF LELAND DISTRICT
QUARTZ MINES THAT PROMISE TO ADD TO OREGON'S
FAME NEW ACTIVITY
IELAND, Or., Jan. 21. (Special corre
spondencesThe Southern Pacific Com
pany evidently did not anticipate
the station here ever becoming such
an important shipping point as it is at
present, else they would hae so Improved
the depot grounds, or located the depot
somewhere else, as to afford more con
veniences for their patrons. It Is now
on the side of a steop hill, and the stores
and buildings in Leland are below the
level of the railroad track, down the hill.
, Unless you were on the lookout you
would not see the town, and yet the
stocks of goods carried evidence a large
trade here. This condition is not to exist
much longer, as a new depot, warehouse
and other railroad buildings are to be
constructed this year, and to make room
for them a steam shovel will make quite
extensive excavations on the hillside.
Leland has an elevation of 1219 feet.
Looking to the four points of the com
pass you see only mountains covered with
dense forests, and winding through the
valley are the muddy waters of Graw
creek, made so by the numerous placer
mines. From the mouth of Graw creek
to Its headwaters is almost a continuous
succession of placer mines, among the bet
ter known ones being the Sneason & Rai
ney placer, near Mount Reuben; Clark's
placer, on Reuben creek; Harris placer
and Johnson's placer, on Rock creek;
and opposite the Smith & Wright placer,
on McNair creek; the King placer, at
mouth of Poor Man's creek, and Blais
dell's placer, opposite; the Vend water
placer, at junction of Wolf and Grave
creeks, and the Archer .placer, opposite
to it; the Wilkie placer on Graves creek,
whore the Southern Pacific Railroad
crosses, and near it the Van Brunt plac
er; adjoining Leland, the two large Lewis
placers: on Brimstone creek the Mc
Cracken & Hussey placer; above Grave
postoffice the Blalock placer, and near
the town of Placer the Columbia placer
mine of Allen & Lewis. In addition to
these several placer mines, which employ
from two to twenty-five men each, is
the Greenback quartz mine, now drop
ping 15 stamps, but soon to be Increased
to 30 stamps, which employs one hundred
men. These mines all use Leland as a
shipping point A part of the quartz mines
on Mount Reuben will also be connect
ed with Leland station by a new wagon
road. 16 miles long, down Grave creek.
At Leland are two general merchandise
stores, a saloon, hotel, blacksmith shop,
poatofllce and Wells. Fargo's Express of
fice. Ellis & Wallace, the owners
of the stage line to Grave, Placer and
Greenback, will erect a livery stable there
this year. A larger and better hotel
would pay at Leland, as the travel Is In
creasing. Grave is a postoffice and store on the
stage road up Grave Creek.
Greenback is the settlement around the
Greenback quartz mine, about one mile
directly north of Placer, or two miles and
a half by wagon road. Having a pay
roll of nearly 100 men. It has a popula
tion of about three hundred, and Is the
second largest town In Josephine County.
It has a general store and postoffice.
Visiting a gold mine Is somewhat like
visiting a newspaper office. You are wel
come to look around, but must keep out
of places where Is the sign "no admit
tance," and avoid asking too many ques
tions. If you ask a newspaper publisher
the circulation of his paper he is apt to
say it Is "none of your business." or else
lie about it. If you ask a mlneowner
how much gold he is getting out of the
ground he is very likely to give you a
similar answer, and a He Is sometimes
better than the truth. And yet both
newspaper offices and gold mines are well
worth a visit. If it Is really "any of your
business" to know the private Income of
a mlneowner, there are ways of finding
out and get very near to the truth.
A Great Gold Producer.
The Greenback quartz mine Is located
10 miles from Leland on Browning Moun
tain, 2600 feet above sea level. It was
discovered by Lew Browning and Ed
Hammer, about five years ago, and four
years ago sold to the Greenback Gold
Mining Company, of New York, for $30,
.000. C. W. Thompson has been the man
ager ever since Its purchase, and its great
success as a mine Is largely due to his
very efficient superintendence. For a year
after its purchase 25 men were kept con
stantly at work on development and over
$100,000 had been spent on the mine before
it produced any "gold. Three years ago
a 10-stamp mill was put in, and a year
later five more, and these havo been con
stantly dropping night and day, work
days and Sundays. The mine has been
equipped with air compressors, working
machine drills, and development work has
been kept far In advance of the capacity
of the stamps. TKere are now over C000
feet of tunnels, drifts, up-ralses and
wintzes, and .the latest tunnel Is in 1500
feet on the 900-foot level.
This company now has In course of erec
tion a modern, up-to-date 20-stamp mill,
located about one-quarter of a mile from
the old plant, which will be In operation
about the first of next -month. In addition
to the new mill of 20 stamps, 10 stamps
will be kept at work In the old mill, mak
ing a total of 30 stamps. Ore Is in sight
to run all these stamps for five years, and
development work Is to . keep the mine
five years ahead or more of the stamp
capacity.
If the average value of the ore In the
Greenback mine is $1S to the ton, and the
SO stamps crush 70 tons each day, the
value of gold taken annually out of this
mine will be $450,000. Steady employment
will be given to 100 men, earning wages
from $2 to $3 50 per day.
With completion of the new stamp mill
" will" be- an electric light plant and one of
the largest and most powerful air com
pressors in Southern Oregon, and proba
bly in the whole State of Oregon.
The Greenback has water power for
about half the year, and steam power
the balance of the year, 150 horse-power
being required.
The mines 'are worked by two shifts of
men, of 12 hours each, for the machine
men, and nine and ten hours for the
others. Excavations are now in progress
for a cyanide plant of 100 tons capacity.
This plant came from Germany and la
supposed to be the very best of its kind.
The freight from New York to Leland
was nearly $1500. The owners of this
mine have a 'bonanza, and its great suc
cess Is encouraging the Investment of
more capital in the mines of Southern
Oregon.
If a resident of Oregon owned the stock
of the Greenback mine he would pay
taxes on its value of about $1,000,000, but
the owners being nonresidents, pay taxes
only on the assessed value of the land
and Improvements. This Is not just and
ialr. to the State of Oregon. Encourage
ment should be afforded to have the
owners of property In Oregon become res
idents of the state. Under present sys
tems of assessment a premium is offered
to men Investing In Oregon to remain
nonresidents. The people in Oregon are
prevented by the execution of our laws
from owning -dividend-paying stocks on
Oregon properties.
Oregon Is becoming known as a state
rich in minerals, in agriculture. In tim
ber, and other resources. We have been
inviting capital to come into the country
and develop those resources, and capital
is coming by the hundreds and by the
thousands of dollars and being invested In
our timber, in our mines and in our man
ufactures; and It would seem the state
should become prosperous. We are, how
ever, making a grave mistake In the oper
ation of our laws. We are not getting the
capitalists. The nonresident man of
moneyed wealth soon learns, when he in
vestigates, and such men do Investigate.
that it will pay him a great deal better
to remain a non-resident. The low valu
ations on property have so raised the tax
levy in every county in Oregon as to drive
- out the man with monpy. The assessment
law of Oregon says in substance that "all
"wroxierty shall be assessed at Its true cash
value, which means what It will sell for
in a voluntary (not sheriff) sale, in the
ordinary courso of business." The law
of Oregon on assessment is not In fault;
It is the assessor. How shall the "cash
value" be determined? Let It be done
In the courts. How shall It get Into the
courts? Place a law on our statute books
making an Assessor pay a money fine
for not assessing according to law. The
Oregon Legislature at this session should
pass such a law. Under the present sys
tem an Assessor has everything to gain
and nothing to lose by assessing just as
low as possible. If he pleases the large
property-owner, who has a pay-roll of
wage-earners, by a low assessment, he
stands a better chance for re-election;
while If he should assess as the law di
rects, he might not be re-elected, so he
assesses low. He does not suffer from
a high tax levy: but the State of Oregon
docs. The people of Oregon should have
a state pride. Each county should vie
with every other county In securing the
very lowest possible tax levy. Raise the
valuations and reduce the levy. Let the
man of capital come and reside In our
midst, as well as Invest his capital in
the state. Under the law passed at the ;
Oregon Legislature two years ago, the
o 2 Mr.
Assessor cannot now excuse his low val
uations by claiming it saves the county
from paying an unjust share of the tax
to the State of Oregon. Under a proper
execution of the Oregon law, the resi
dents of Oregon would themselves be
come capitalists, instead of mere "hire
lings" of men who have Invested their
money here and are nonresidents. In
stead of making an Assessor do his duty
through fear of the ballot box; make him
do his duty through fear of the law. If
he does not do his duty in assessing
property, his omciai acts coma oe orougnt
into the courts and his duties' thus de
fined beyond any question of uncertainty,
and the Assessor would then have an ex
cuse to present to men who would try
to force him to undervalue their prop
erty, from the fact that a penalty, in
dollars and cents, would result from his
variation from his sworn duty. I have
In mind a case where a person bought a
tract of land In a neighboring state, based
on Its assessed value, and never saw the
land. Let the lands of Oregon be as
sessed in the same way. If the average
tax levy of Oregon were 10 mills on the
dollar. It would be better for the state
than to assess the property at one-third
its value and have the levy 30 mills. The
amount of money each owner of real es
tate would pay In taxes would be the
same, but the effect on locating men with
capital In our state would be vastly dif
ferent. The legislators of Oregon should
study this question and provide a remedy.
It may be argued that a penalty against
the Assessor would be a handicap on such
an official. According to that, the As
sessors of Oregon are acting through
Ignorance, but I have a better opinion of
them. In fact, I have talked with some
of them on this subject, and know from
their own lips that It Is not "ignorance,"
but "Intention." They know better, but J
the pressure is so great they say they
cannot do any better. Then make them
follow the law, and the simplest and best
way. is to make a money penalty for its
violation. A plecfc of property in Josephine
County was assessed at $230, and recently
sold for $2500. Is It reasonable to sup
pose that the Assessor was so "Ignorant"
as not to know the value of that prop
erty was more than $250? If he had as
sessed it at $2000, or even $1500, any court
of law would have given him the benefit
of a lack of full knowledge and excused
him; but not when assessed at such a
low figure. I know of a case where a
brick building which cost $S000, and the
lot was worth $1000, was assessed for $1500.
Should an Assessor be excused In such
a case on the ground of "ignorance"?
About tlie Plncer Mine.
Mining along Graves's Creek has been
carried on successfully for years, and hun
dreds of thousands of dollars taken out
each year. The banks prospect wel for
30 miles or so. This gold evidently comes
from ledges, but outside the Greenback
mine and In that vicinity, near Grave's
Creek, no ledges have been worked. The
prospector has a most Inviting field along
this stream, not only for new finds of
rich placers, but also quartz ledges.
J. C. Lewis and Allen Lewis, of Port
land, have about 5000 acres of mining
land along Grave Creek, and there are
three working placers. The lower mine,
near Leland, superintended by E. A. Par
Hn, is well equipped, has good buildings
lor the men, and two giants with five
inch nozzles under 85-foot pressure are
at work. The upper placer, a mile away,
is a high channel, and has al3o two No.
3 giants, with 240-foot pressure. The water
ditch to supply this mine Is 17 miles long.
In these two placers, 20 men are em
ployed. In one season, $70,000 is said to
havo been taken out of the upper mine
alone. It Is interesting . to note the dif
ferent formations of "wash," and im
bedded In dirt 60 feet beneath the surface
are trunks and roots of trees, some stand
ing upright. Near Placer, Allen Lewis
has a large mine called the Columbia, but
better known as the Lewis-Hampton
placer, on account of Mr. Hampton's
long connection with It. Mr. Frank Fosa
Is now superintendent. It is reported to
be very rich, and has a splendid water
supply from ditches aggregating a length
of 21 miles, tho pressure on four No. 3
giants being 250 feet. This mine has
been worked In the past very succesofully,
with an elevator, but now having a good
dump the elevator has been taken out.
Adjoining the Columbia placer Is the
Greenback mine, and also near It are
some promising quartz prospects, one
being called the Scenic, another the Lon
don, another the Esther, and another be
longing to H. G. Totler and associates.
Development work is being done on each.
The Columbia mine Is lighted by electric
ity. The Harris placer, near the mouth of
i C?2 bas five miles of ditch, one
JMAlJ CLARK FlWTWm u M 0f oicr.
gPh:.tmeAsow TtAcay V SStACeR- ( V . GREENBACK
fZi "vJRiwer J CJX ViiVDtcWf ' eyyZ MNe o Scenic .
SzKr y 1 .-uy , Z, , Jfwl tflj ( ir Yellow Js
yy pi-Acyo jfc. r j 1
((a y cl i ) QKAVe.
V . j y iAiuugj W - I sueK rowninc.
giant under 125 feet head, and Is a high
channel, with fine gravel, the season last
ing about five months. It Is the property
of Mr. Gray, of San Francisco.
The King placer Is a new property, and
piping will commence In a short time.
It having seven miles of ditch and one
giant under 100 feet head.
On McNair flat, opposite the King placer
on Graves Creek, Is a high bar of about
COO acres, which Is being prospected by
tunneling. Thlo Is owned by Mr. Blals
dell and associates.
The Vindicator placer, near where Wolf
Creek empties into Graves Creek, Is now
at work with one giant under 300 feet
head, and Is giving good results.
The George Archer placer, opposite the
Vindicator, Is a high bar, working one
giant under 123 feet pressure, with nine
miles of ditch.
The Steam Beer placer, belonging to Mr.
Van Brunt, is working one giant under
199 feet head, and has 15 miles of ditch.
This mine has been a steady producer for
23 years.
The McCraken & Hussey placer, on
Brimstone Creek, has a ditch, piping and
giant, and Is worked profitably every year,
but the season Is short. E. C. P.
'PECULIAR PRACTICES."
Chorgcn Filed Aprnlnnt Stirveyor
Genernl of AlnsUn.
OREGOXIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash-
lngton. Jan. 22. Charges have been filed
with Secretary Hitchcock, of the Depart-
-
LELAND,
ment of the Interior, hgalnst W. L. Dtetin.
Surveyor-General of the District of
Alaska. He Is charged with "incom
petency" and "peculiar practices,' and
the petitioner requests that a special
agent of the Interior Department be sent
at onco to inquire Into the statements
made concerning the accused official.
The papers in the case were filed by
Volney T. Hoggatt, an attorney-at-law.
qualified to practice before the Interior
Department, In behalf of the affiant,
George M. Esterly, a citizen of Vnldez,
Alaska, a former resident of Washington,
and who has been visiting relatives here
for the past two months while looking
after certain legislation for his district.
The charges filed emanate from certain
alleged "peculiar practices" of the Surveyor-General
In directing applicants for
land surveys to a law firm In which his
son !a a partner, and the exacting of
various sums of money as fees to "expe
dite" matters. The bill "prays that an
.! rl . "V I
investigation be made Into the conduct ! Even the poorer sections have nn air of
of the affairs of the office of the Surveyor- prosperity. Considerable building Is go
General within and for the District of I ing on at the- present time and some build
Alaska; and that a special agent of the I ings are being put up after the American
Interior Deparment bt sent to the office I style, and, while the style Is all right in
In question to examine Into the charge : America and the United States, it does
filed herewith, and that If the said charges
are sustained that the said William L.
DJstin be removed from office."
Under oath Mr. Estorlv savs that hp 1
a miner and has lived In. Alaska for the intends to erect a large modern hotel,
past five years and that he and hiij as- I "I was very favorably Impressed with
sociates have had much business before tho people. They seemed to be quiet,
the Surveyor-General. He charges that prderly and generally cheerful. During
the practice of the Surveyor-General for i my stay I covered the city quite thorough
the past two years relative to the surveys J ly. both day and night, and I saw but two
of the public lands of Alaska have been intoxicated men and one of these was an
quesuonaoie. As an instance, he says
that the Surveyor-General "advised" per
sons having surveys to be approved to
first take them to the law firm of Guer-
ney & Dlstin, the last named member be-
ing a eon of the Surveyor-General.
and
that the Surveyor-General says that bv so
doing the approval of the surveys in ques
tion will be "expedited." Mr. Esterly says
that no law of Congress provides for the
consultation named, but that the firm de
mands a fee of $150 or more for securing
the "facilities" In auestlon. '
The affiant also charges that applicant,j
are made to believe bv the Surveyor-
General that the advice" of the lav.- Arm
carries great weight with the Surveyor
General, aid that this practice has been
carried on ever since 1SO0. He cites that
a partner. Fred F. Keyes, applied for a
survey of 34 acres In 1901, and that the
Surveyor-General told Keyes that "In
order to facilitate matters It would be
wise to see Mr. Guerncy, as he wai so
familiar with the land laws." Keyes did
so, but Guerney charged him $150 for his ' to J1"1 hlx? when wantefl The do not
services. Keyes paid the money reluctant- j understand American and were not of
ly, as he considered the fee exorbitant. m.u5h "se to me-
Another instance alleged of "peculiar , 1 only manased to get out In the coun
practicc" Is the annlication of Phllln A lF' once' and had onl' tlme to go about
Blumanr. whn n.iVeil for n ira rr
. .i, . - .
uiits nnu was iiKewise reierreu to Air.
Guerncy and compelled to pay a fee of
$300. Mr. Esterly swears he Is In com
munlcatlon with numerous other residents
of Alaska who have been likewise Im
posed upon by the Surveyor-General in
directing them to see Mr. Guerney.
in his statement he uses the word "fa
cilltate " tvhinh hr Phnm-C tv. c.,.,.r
General uss Invariably in directing the
applicants to Mr. Guerney. It has been
his experience, he says, that the so-called
advice from the firm is unimportant and
that there is an understanding between
the Surveyor-General and the firm.
Dock "111" Menu "Sick"?
Harper's Weekly.
There are signs of an existing pro
pensity to constrain the partial with
drawal of the word "sick" .from the Amer
ican language in favor of the word "III."
Newspapers In their headlines and else
where speak nowadays of "a very ill
man." It used to be " a very sick man."
Why the change? "An 111 wind" is a sat
isfactory use of language, but "an ill
man" grates on the ear, an sounds like
an attempt to Improve on a usage that
had no perceptible defect. They say this
new whim is a euphonlsm Imported from
England. ,A correspondent of a Boston
paper discusses and disapproves It, pro
testing not only against the use of the un
warnntable adverb "illy." but against "the
growing use of the word Mil' in place of
tne nomeiy word
'Sick.' " ThlS BOStOn
protestant, quoting Webster, finds that
Shakespeare with hardly an exception
uses "111" to mean mental, moral or Im
personal disorders. "Ill at ease." "ill-advised,"
"Ill-bred," "111 fares," are all fit
and famllar uses of a good and Industrious
little word that has plenty of legitimate
work of Its own to do, without being con
strained to figure as a feeble substitute
Are unlike all omer pills. No purging
or pain. Act specially on the liver and
bile. Carter's Little Liver Pills. One pill
a dose.
WHAT JONES SAW IN CUBA
AVASIHNGTON
TALKS
REPRESENTATIVE
OF ISLAND.
Hnvnna xi Clean anil Proaperonit City
People Happy nnd Contented He
Thinks Reciprocity Not Needed.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU, Wash
ington, Jan. 23. Representative Jones
has returned from a holiday trip to Cuba.
"Yes," said he to a question as to whether
he had a pleasant trip. "I did, and I also
consider It to have been a very profitable
trip. I did not have the time, however,
that I desired nor that I expected. 1
had only four days In Cuba and these
were snent In and around Havana.
"Havana to the eyes of those looking up
on It for the first time Is a very beautiful
city and haa a population of some 300.000
people. The city is laid out on compara
tively level land, although there Is a grad
ual slope from the water's edge to the
outskirts, where the land rises Into small
hills, on the summits of which arc several
very old-looking medieval castles of Span
ish architecture. The city proper Is dif
ferent In many ways from any city I have
ever seen, as the great majority of the
houses are of one and two stories, al-
SOUTHERN OREGON, AND THE GOLD
thoush a very few are of three stories.
The buildings are generally very massive
and many of them have large columns
or pillars in front, which give a very Im
posing appearance along many of the
streets. Surprisingly few of the buildings
are unpalnted; even on the outskirts of
the city, in the poorer taction of the town,
the buildings and huts are painted. The
color used on these houses Is a combina
tion of white, blue, orange or pink, and
all colors are most beautifully blended.
Being accustomed to the peaked roofs,
gabled roofs. Mansards and all the other
high-crested roofs of America. It looks
somewhat strange to view the roofs of
Havana where nearly all houses were of
the flat-roofed variety.
"Another striking characteristic of
American cities, the rush and the bustle,
is missing at Havana, where an almost
Sabbath stillness in comparison reigns.
There is an appearance of general pros
perity, however, that you cannot find here.
look somewhat out of place In Cuba.
American capital Is erecting a large steel
bulldlns for a gas company and It was
' stntfrt aa tnnt thnt n firm tn W Vnrlr
American, the other being a Cuban. This
Cuban seemed to be affected about the
same as one of the men seen occasionally
In our citien In this country. He covered
the street and hugged the telephone pole
In regulation, style. I saw no rowdyism
of any kind.
Havana Is ICept Clenn.
"I had noticed in the press statements
to the effect that the sanitary conditions
J were relapsing Into the state they occu-
i pled before the American occupation, but
, I, wa:! asrceably surprised at the general
i am-v-ia u micji. m
Havana. These are kept cleaner gen-
erally than even the City of Washington
which has the reputation of being one of
the cleanest cities In the United States.
How the sanitary conditions were inside
the houses I cannot say, as I did not enter
any of them. One thing I noticed was
the prevelance of the policeman. He was
ubiquitous, you saw him everywhere and
did not have to take out a search warrant
! 35 . miles, but even this
short distance
' shntVPil mn nts nroftv
showed me as pretty a stretch of country
as I ever looked upon and It was not only
fair to the eye but looked most fertile and
productive. From what I saw and from
what I could learn, Cuba ought to be the
garden spot of the world. They can raise
crops In succession n the year around.
Where the land Is cultivated there is a
I most luxuriant growth of grass, but little
ui. louu in lue iiuuieumii' vicinity OI
Havana Is cultivated. There are but very
few garden and truck patches to be seen
around the city.
No SnnTcrliifr Now.
"No, I did not see any evidence of suf
fering, and the slogan of 'suffering and
starving Cuba can no longer bo applied
to this country. I can show you far more
suffering right here In Washington City
than can be found In Havana. No one can
suffer there from the cold, nnd they can
not even starve if they exert themselves
at all. Under such conditions there can
not be much suffering aside from the nntu
ral ailments to which all flesh is holr. nnd
from what I saw Havana Is aji healthy
now as any plnce In tHc United States.
They have not had a case of yellow fever
for 15 months.
"I attended their national 'game, called
Jal-lais, a sort of basket-ball, which Is
known, however, as the 'Spanish game of
baseball. It Is played Indoors. There
were 4000 or 5000 people witnessing the
game each time I attended. They were
of all classes, although the majority ap
f nparfl? Of the. nvornca -a-n11.tn.ln nlooc
The tickets of admission were from $2 to
$3 apiece. I was told that this was the
only place where gambling was allowed.
Four games are played at each event, and
it seems that a record Is kept of the bets
made on each game, and the record on
each of the games I witnessed was from
5000 to 7000, besides the individual bets.
This betting seems to be the mainspring
of Interest In the game itself, as the apec
tator seems bored If his money is not up
on the outcome. It was estimated by one
gentleman who was familiar with their
system that at one garao over $100,000
t .
changed hands or was taken In by the
management. They also had a regular
game of baseball on New Year's day, at
which the attendance, I was told, was
something over 5000.
"On New Year's afternoon there was a
parade on the prado, the boulevard of the
city, consisting of two lines of carriages
on each side, going In opposite directions,
the line being some two or three mHes in
length. In th? parade was the cream of
Havana society, the ladles elegant
ly dressed and sparkling with diamonds. I
was told" that such a parade Is no uncom
mon thing, but took place almost every
Sunday afternoon In the evening Cen
tral Park, the promenade grounds of the
city, was thronged with beautifully
dressed men and women promenading be
fore admiring onlookers, I being one of the
latter. There probably were 10,000 people
In the park.
Primitive Knrmliiff Metliodn.
"Finance In the Island are In a good.
healthy condition, and the bankn are car-
rylng large deposits. The city also boasts j be classed as county expenses and borne
several lrtrgo clubs, one especially having by them, instead of shifting the burden
a membership of about 15.000, and I was ! on the state. Laws enacted providing
told that ach member pays monthly dues j for payment of salaries of District At
of $1 :0. The clubrooms are very spacious torneys. providing codes for county offl
In extent, and most elegantly and even cers, the care of orphans, and the sup
luxuriantly furnished, and every evening. port of aid societies, etc.. have relieved
I was Informed, they were filled with peo
ple drinking nnd playing cards and having
a good time generally.
"Their ordinnry methods of farming are
very primitive. We can hardly realize
that 90 miles from our shores men still Warden, agricultural societies, and for
tlll the soil with a wooden stick drawn ' elgn exhibits, all of which, aggregating
by teams of oxen, and yet such "is the large sums, have Increased the amount
MINES.
case. What the soil would produce under
American methods of farming can only
be Imagined. I visited one farm that was
near Havana, and here I saw the typical
Cuban hut. with its thatched roof running
to a point and the walls made of the
leaves of the royal pine, and the ground
for -a floor. Of course, we would not like
to live In such a house as this, but in Cuba
It is no doubt very comfortable on account
of the climate. The owner of the house
was an old man, apparently.about 60 years
of age. while his wife was a comely ma-
tron of about 40. Their family consisted
of six children, all girls, ranging from 5
to 16 years of age, and each one a really
handsome child. Their features were
regular and their teeth perfect, while their
eyes were as black as night and sparkled
like diamonds. I did not visit any of the
sugar plantations, but was informed that
the sugar crop for this year would be very
large, probably amounting to 1,000.000
tons."
No Need of Reciprocity.
"No," replied Mr. Jones to a question as
to whether he had seen anything to cause
him to change his views on reciprocity, "I
did not. From what I saw and from what
I heard, my personal views in the matter
were strengthened. There Is no question
but that with modern methods of manu
facturing sugar can be produced In Cuba
at 1 cent a pound, and probably lereu I
was told by one man who visits the Island
every week that the producers of sugar
want reciprocity, not because they are not
mnklng money, but because they are not
making as much as they would like to
have. There Is no reason In the world
why this people should not be the most
prosperous In the world, as all they have
to do Is to work and exert themselves.
The cry of reciprocity for Cuba for hu
manity's sake Is all buncombe, and Is
urged by capital simply because It knows
the American heart can be touched in this
way. The real American trade with the
Island does not depend upon reciprocity,
but it depends solely upon our own mer
chants and manufacturers. If they will
cater to the trade and offer what the
people want, and offer It In the way they
desire It. we can 'get the trade. We do
not get It now simply because we do not
cater to their wants nnd desires, while the
merchants and manufacturers of other
nations do. Of course, if the matter
comes up for action in the House, I shall
feel disposed to follow the instructions
of the Republican State Convention rather
than my own personal opinions."
THE OREGON .LEGISLATURE
Tendency In Tovrnrd LeKllntion for
the llencUt of the Whole State.
SALEM, Or., Jan. 26. (Special corre
spondence.) As a whole, the Oregon
Legislature Is composed of an earn
est and very capable body of men.
and the tendency seems to be not to
rush In a large number of bills, but to
carefully discuss the situation, and hav
ing arrived at conclusions, based on' such
dlscusslohs and exchange of views, to
Introduce such blll3 as will cover the
ground. The result of this Is a very
quiet session thus far, and an apparent
lethargy, but this Is on the surface only.
There Is a friendly feeling among the
members of both Senate and House, and
action has been hnrmonlous and without
friction. An exception may possibly be
made In the case of Senator Kuykendall
and his coterie, who are feeling sore over
the action of the Senate regarding clerks.
I havo made some inquiries among the
members of the House and Senate, and
from views expressed I am of the opinion
that giving each Senator a separate clerk
Is not nearly such an extravagance as
would seem at first, as I notice the Indi
vidual clerks are all being kept busy,
which Is not the case with the committee
clerks. An individual member will not be
as likely to hire an Incompetent clerk as
when the services are to be rendered for
a committee. I saw Representative Gallo
way, of Yamhill, tolling away on some
routine work during the adjournment,
Friday and Saturday, which could have
been done by a clerk as well, but the
members In the House have no clerks.
The greatest extravagance really comes
from the hiring of clerks for commit
tees, who in some cases never do any
work, as no business Is sent to such
committee. The salary paid legislators
of only $3 a day for a session of 40 days
Is really not adequate, and the State of
Oregon should not be niggardly about
providing such members with proper fa
cilities for doing the work during the
short session. I approve the action of
the Senate, and think It Is a real econ
omy for the people, over the hiring of so
many committee clerks.
What.Oreson needs from thq present
Legislature is an enforcement of our
present assessment laws, so as to make
taxes more equal, the total , valuations
much greater, the tax levy much lower,
and consequently larger amounts of mon
ey available for schools particularly in
country districts and for roads and
bridges. There is an economy which is
really an extravagance. Parsimony In
the expenditures In a county or state may
be very disastrous In its effects.
Secretary of State, Dunbar has recom
mended In his biennial report that the
revenues of the state be raised as much
as possible In an Indirect manner, and
that the local affairs of counties be left
more to local sentiment and public spirit.
In his report he says: "The growing
tendency to add additional burdens to
those already carried by the state, with
out making any provision to carry them.
Is evidenced by each succeeding Legis
lature. Many of the objects for "which
appropriations are made might properly
the counties, ana added to the state's
burdens: likewise the protection and de
velopment of various Industries and re
sources of the state, such as Dairy and
Food Commissioners. Game and Forestry
necessary to be raised each succeeding
biennial term."
To the above list might be added the
State Reform (or "Training") School.
In his report the Secretary of State
further says: "The question of raising
revenue from other sources than the gen
eral property tax has not been considered.
. . . It seems therefore that the most
important question for you (the legisla
tors') attention and earnest considera
tion Is that of ways and means
An examlnation of the statutes and 're
ports of the different states shows that
In nearly all of s them, and chiefly those
having wealth and population, a large
and increasing percentage of their reve
nues Is raised by taxation imposed upon
domestic and foreign corporations, the
taxation of corporation franchises, the
payment to the state of a portion of. the
excise licenses, the taxation of foreign
car companies doing business within the
state, the taxation of Inheritances, lega
cies, bequests, etc."
"Articles of incorporation of S66 corpora
tions organized under the laws of this
state for the purpose of engaging In va
rious commercial enterprises were filed
In this office since January 1, 1901, almost
450 each year. An average tec of $50 each
would have produced $22,300 annually,
while an average license tax of $20 on 4000
domestic nnd foreign corporations would
have produced $S0,CO0. . . The assess
ment and valuation of the property of
express, telephone, telegraph, sleeping or
Pullman car, and transportation car com
panies should receive your careful Inves
tigation and attention. . . Many of tho
states require express, telephone, tele
graph and sleeping car companies to pay
a license for transacting business and a
tax upon their gross earnings in lieu of
other taxes, the same as insurance com
panies are now required to do under our
present laws. . ."
I have given the above brief extracts
from the report of the Secretary of State
to show that the cry of the people of the
state for lessened tax burdens and lower
tax levys, and Increased revenues for
the public use is not being neglected by
our very efficient state officer, F. I. Dun
bar. In his recommendations.
Senator B. F. Mulkey and Representa
tive B. L. Eddy each have introduced
bills providing for withdrawal of state
lands from sale fcr two years, and the
cruising of the same; and a bill for
cruising all the timber lands of the state
for assessment purposes Is a!so along the
line of making more just valuations and
Increased revenues. It is also suggested,
and I think Is a good Idea, to give the
state board advisory and controlling pow
era over the assessors of the state, pro
viding for uniform blanks and to compel
assessors to comply with the law In as
sessing property at Its true cash value.
The effect or such a law would be of
great benefit to the state. The sugges
tion to have the county assessors hold
otrice for four years instead of two Is
also a good one, and If th term were
made six year3 it would do no great
hafm. The work of an assessor Is very
Important to the state,, and that official
should have experience as well as ability,
and a term of only two years Is too short.
It Is my opinion that Oregon is on the
eve of one of the greatest eras of busi
ness activity and Investment of capital
ever known in its history, dependent
largely, however, upon the action of the
present Legislature In enacting beneficial
laws and providing for enforcing the pres
ent laws. There is probably no state In
the Union with greater undeveloped re
sources than Oregon, and although this
statement has been made many times be
fore Its real truth Is just beginning to be
realized by nonresidents, and the people
of this state are also beginning to scram
ble for possession and management of
these resources. E. C. P.
Tom Ochiltree Did Xot Owe a Dollar.
Xew York World.
A few days before hl3 death the late
Colonel "Tom" Ochiltree drew up his will.
In the presence of his two esteemed
friends. ex-Congressman John S. Wise
and ex-Commlsioner of Accounts Edward
Owens.
It provided for the distribution of all of
Colonel Ochiltree's diamonds and jewelry
among his family and personal friends.
The estate Is valued at $25,000. against
which. It was the Colonel's proud boast,
there was not $1 of indebtedness.
"I don't owe $1 In the world." the Col
onel said, when he affixed his signature to
the will.
Messrs. Wise and Owens are named as
executors.
Many persons keep Carter's Little Liver
Pills on hand to prevent bilious attacks,
sick headache, dizziness, and find them
just what they need.
MR. CLARK'S 7
ENDORSEMENT
Will Doubtless Have Strong In
fluence in the Right Direction,
Of particular Interest at this time Is
the publication of an Interview with Mr.
W. H. Clark, a brother of Secretary of
State George A. Clark, of Topeka, Kan.,
in whose office he is employed. In the
course of the interview Mr. Clark said:
"Along In 1S90 I was living in Junction
City, Kan., and working at my trade
of printer on the Republican. I had a
bad attack of rheumatism and could not
seem to get over it. All sorts of medi
cines failed to do me any good, and my
trouble kept getting worse. My feet
were so swollen that I could not wear
shoes, and I had to go on crutches. The
pain was terrible.
"One day I was setting the type of an
article for the paper telling what Dr.
Williams' Pink Pills for Pale People had
done for a man afflicted as I was, and I
was so impressed with it that I deter
mined to give the medicine a trial. For
a year my rheumatism had been grow
ing worse, but after taking Dr. Will
iams' Pink Pills a short time I began to
improve. I bought four boxes in all,
but I did not need to finish the last one.
Before the last box was half taken the
pain and the swelling had all disap
peared. That was 10 years ago, and
rheumatism has never troubled me
since. I am 46 years old now. I weigh
191 pounds, and can truthfully say that
I haven't felt better in the past 20 yeara
than I do right now."
Dr. Williams' Pink Pills for Pale Peo
ple go directly to the seat of the disor
der, purifying and enriching the blood
by eliminating poisonous elements and
renewing health-giving forces. They
are a positive specific not only for
rheumatism, but for such diseases as
locomotor ataxia, partial paralysis, St.
Vitus' dance, sciatica, neuralgia, nervous
headache, the after-effects of the grip,
of fevers and of other acute diseases,,
palpitation of the heart, pale and sallow
complexions and all forms of weakness
either in male or female. Dr. Williams
Pink Pills for Pale People are sold by
all dealers, or will be sent postpaid on
receipt of price, 50 cents a box, six boxes
$2.50, by addressing Dr. Williams Medi
cine Company, Schenectady, N. Y. Be
sure to get the genuine; substitutes
never cured anybody.
CURED BY
WHITE RIBBON REMEDY
Xo taste. No odor. Can be given in glass of
water. ta. or coffee without patient's knowl
edge. White Ribbon Remedy will cure or destroy
the diseased appetite for alcoholic stimulants,
whether the patient Is a confirmed Inebriate a
"tippler." social drinker. or" drunkard. Impos
sible for any one to have an appetite for alco
holic Hiuors after using White Itlbbon Rem-
Imiorned 1- Members of W. C. T. U.
Mrs A. M. Townsend. Secretary of the Wom
an', "christian Temperance Union. Boston.
Mats., writes: "I have tested White Ribbon
Remedy on very obstinate drunkards, and tho
cures havo been many. In many cases the
Remedy was given secretly. I cheerfully rec
ommend and Indorse White Ribbon Remedy.
Members of our Union arts 'dellshted to nnd
a practical and economical treatment to aid
us In our temperance work."
For sale by druggists or by mall. $1 per box
Trial package free by writing. MRS. T. C.
MOORE CO.. State Supt. of Press. W. C. T. U.,
Ventura. Cai. , , ,
Sold In Portland. Or., by Woodard. Clarke &
Co. Fourth and Washington streets.
WHAT CAUSES DANDRUFF.
Greatest European Authority on
Skin DlMenxeM, Sny If n Germ.
The old Idea was that dandruff, is scales
of skin thrown off, through a feverteh
condition of the, scalp. Professor Unna.
Hamburg. Germany. European authority
on skin disease, says dandruff is a germ
disease. The germ burrows under the
scalp, throwing up little scales of cuticle,
and sapping the vitality of the hair at tho
root. The only hair preparation that kilte
dandruff germs is Newbro's Herplcide.
"Destroy the cause, you remove tne ef
fect." Not only cures dandruff, but stops
falling hair and causes a luxuriant
growth. Delightful hair dressing. For
sale by all druggists. Send 10 cents in
stamps for sample to The Herplcide Co.,
Detroit. Michigan.
HAND
SAPOLIO
Is especially valuable during the
Summer season, when outdoor oc
cupations and sports are most ih
order.
GRA3S STAINS, MUD STAINS
and CALLOUS SPOTS
yield to it, and it is particularly
agreeable when used in the bath
after violent exercise.
ALL GROCERS AND DRUGGISTS
THE
CLEANSING
AND HEALING
CURE FOR
CATARRH
Eirs CREAM BALM
Easy and pleasant to
ue. Contains no In
jurious drug.
It Is quickly absorbed.
Gives Relief at once.
the Nasal Passages . pfll R ht MC.AU
Allays Inflammation. VULW ' fc.rM
Heals and Protects the Membrane. Restore
the Senees of Taste and Smell. Large Size, BO
cents, at Druggists' or by sjatl; Trial Size, 10
cents, by mall.
ELY BROTHERS. B8 "Warren Strt. H. T.
Ble 6 is a non-toiif,noM
I remedr for Gonorrhoea,
Gleet, Spermatorrhoea,
Whites, unnatural dir
i tu!tur. enarges. or any lnllsmma-
IPurtnU easugion. tlon of mucoos men?
THEEyamsChemiOAlCO. branes. Non-astringent.
kCIHCW!UTI.0.r""""l Sold by BrcxffUts,
U.S. a. y. rot tent in Blain wratwr.
br exprew, prepaid, fol
l.no. or 3 bottleo, $2.75.
Circular sen" on request.
Blood Poison
la th worst disease on earth, yet tha eJlest
to cure WHEN YOU KNOW WHAT TO DO.
liany have pimples, spots on the skin, sores 13
tha mouth, ulcers, falllnK hair, bone pains, ca
tarrh, don't know It la BLOOD POISON-. Send
to DR. BROWN, 035 Arch St.. Philadelphia,
Pa., for BROWN'S BLOOD CURE. $00 per
bottle, lasts one month. For aale only by.
Frisk Nau. Portland Hottl Pharmacy,
CATARRH