THE MOBOTNG OKEGOOTAN, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 19,' 1902.
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TODAY'S "WEATHER Occasional rain, pos
'slbly part snow; slowly rising temperature;
southerly winds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 40; minimum temperature. 30; Pre
cipitation, none.
PORTLAKD, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 19.
Wall street professes Inability ip un
derstand the reasons for the $50,00,000
protective pool of leading banking
houses, and various inadequate explana
tions are offered. One of these Is the
Subtreasury, that old reliable scapegoat
of the financial., world. Another is the
protracted stay of currency in the In
terior, long after It Is, from Immemorial
habit, due back in New York. Another
is the declining balance of trade, and
still another is the Venezuela crisis.
Tet it Is perfectly clear to the discern
ing observer that something more than
these ordinary phenomena has im
pressed the astute minds which virtually
control the Street. The explanation
doubtless lies in two things to which
the stock market persists In being blind.
One of these is overtrading and the
other is the Impending blow which the
trusts are to receive from the courts.
It is the veriest truism of business that
every prosperous epoch Inevitably be
gets overtrading. In the general im
pulse of confidence which succeeds to
hard times, perilous undertakings are
carried onward side by side with the
safe. .There is nothing superhuman
about banks and trust companies, any
more than there is about borrowers.
Consequently loans are floated that can
not pay except under the most favorable
possible combination of circumstances.
Stocks are accumulated beyond prudent
needs, real estate Is bought, buildings
put up, surplus of manufactures turned
out. Overtrading is as certain to be fol
lowed by painful liquidation as night
is by day. The present building mania
in Portland is undoubtedly carrying
along with it many persons who cannot
afford to build, and whose stores and
dwellings will be bought some day at a
bargain by others who were less Impa
tient, Raising railway rates is to be defend
ed on the ground of general Increase in
prices, which is partly explained by
prosperity and partly by the Increase in
gold production. Yet the vigorous way
in which the Interstate Commerce Com
mission gets after these increases In Its
annual report, printed yesterday, will
serve timely notice on "the railroad
world that they will not be acquiesced
in by the country without searching in
quiry. It is true that the way has been
partially paved for the recent higher
rates by increases in wages, but It has
yet to be shown that the larger payroll
is Incompatible with the old tariff sched
ules. The time may be inopportune,
moreover, - in view of the pendency of
anti-merger proceedings in several
courts. Like every other human insti
tution, the bench is more or less sus
ceptible to public sentiment, and the
soundest observations we have seen on
these topics Incline strongly to belief
that the courts are certain to take a
very unfavorable view of these mergera
The steel trust is also defendant to a
rather serious complaint In New Jersey,
and in Chicago the beef trust is on trial
before Judge Grosscup. The Interstate
Commerce Commission's bald assertion
that railway mergers tend to destroy
competition cannot be Ignored by the
courts, and will, in all probability, be
affirmed. It Is clear that all these forces
are in direct antagonism to the trust
principle, whether In the railroad or the
industrial world, and the capitalization
of the big trusts Is notoriously on a
basis whose security is very inadequate
against the distrust of investors which
in the acute stage spells panic Times
are ahead which will doubtless justlfj'
the gravest precautions of conservative
bankers like J. P? Morgan.
American critics who rise from their
reading of General Dewefs military
memoirs to describe him as the peer of
Cromwell as a self-taught soldier of the
first order of genius evidently know a
good deal more about Dewet than they
do about Cromwell. Cromwell was the
greatest self-taught General of history,
because he had to obtain a full knowl
edge of military drill and tactics himself
and then drill and discipline his men.
Cromwell was obliged to conduct great
campaigns, fight great field battles
which Involved the use of all arms of
the service. Dewet was a brilliant
leader of the sort that General Fran
cis Marion was In our Revolution." He
did not have to teach his men anything;
they could all shoot; they could all ride;
they carried about half the load of the
enemy; could march two miles to the
enemy's one, because of their light
equipment and absence of army trains;
they knew every rod of the country and
ever-y Inhabitant was a friend and a spy.
Dewet was only . an able, energetic
leader who cut off convoys, destroyed
railways, captured trains. All his needs
were comprised in courage, energy,
knowledge of the country and efficient
spies. He did the work that Forrest,
Wheeler and Mosby did against the
Northern armies in our Civil War. His
work was easier, because the Confeder
ate horsemen as a rule were not lighter
mounted than our own and they oper
ated in a more difficult country than did
Dewet All the advantages, -save In
numbers, were on the side of Dewet,
while Forrest operated against an army
whose railroads and lines of supply were
relatively better guarded and defended
than were those of the British. But we
do not compare General Francis Marlon
with Washington, although both were
self-taught soldiers, and we do not com
pare General Forrest with Lee or John
ston. There is no more evidence that
Dewet was a man of military genius ap
proaching that of Cromwell than there
is that Marlon approached Washington
in military capacity or Forrest ap
proached Lee.- Dewet was an able com
mander of rough riders who. won ad
mirable success with expert riflemen.
His business was not that of a great
master of strategy' and battle tactics,
for his purpose was not to fight except
as an Indian war party fights. He was
a great chief of scouts, but he could no
more have fought a battle or conducted
a campaign on a large scale than could
Marlon or Forrest or Mosby.
The English City of Nottingham has
a population of 240,000. It owns its own
markets, cemeteries, water works, gas
and electric service and straet-car lines.
It has turned into the public treasury
within five years $720,000 as net profit
after meeting Interest on purchase
debts, payments to sinking funds and
allowance for depreciation of ,, public
property. Water is furnished to tene
ments at 42 cents per quarter, and yet
the works are made to yield a small
profit to the public treasury. The
charges for municipal gas range from 28
to 34 cents per 1000 cubic feet, and elec
tric light and power services are cor
respondingly low. The city has extend
ed its street-car lines, substituted elec
tric for horse power, lowered fares. In
creased wage3 of employes and reduced
the hours of labor. It has modernized
the ancient streets, renovated the slums,
built dwellings for the poorer classes,
established parks; playgrounds and
baths, and allotted much land for work
lngmen's gardens. It has acquired a
city farm of 2000 acres, which Is fertil
ized and Irrigated by the city sewage.
Besides public schools, It conducts a
university where general teaching and
technical training are given to 400 day
and 1600 night studenta The city also
supports a large public library, reading
rooms, museums, laboratoriea And all
this has been done with a material re
duction from the old-time tax ratea
XO ARBITRATION FOR INSULTS.
Castro's appeal for arbitration at this
late date means that he is willing to
make peace on the best terms he can get
from the allies. He does not deserve
any consideration, for his obstinacy and
folly have forced Great Britain and Ger
many to resort to coercive measures.
Premier Balfour says that Great Britain
reluctantly undertook naval operations
against Venezuela, not to recover debts,
but to recover compensation for assaults
on British subjects and the capture of
British vessels. This has always been
the national policy of Great Britain, and
it Is a wise one, for it makes the British
flag feared and respected by every coun
try In the world that Is in Teach of the
guns of her navy. Tills was the policy
manifested when the Chinese Viceroy of
Canton seized and despltefully used the
crew of the Arrow, sailing under the
British flag. Cantoa was bombarded
and the offending Viceroy punished.
Great Britain's expensive war against
Abyssinia was not undertaken for plun
der or territorial aggrandizement, but
because King Theodore held a number
of Englishmen In prison whom he re
fused to release.
It Is the British policy never to con
sider the cost of a war which Is under
taken to enforce protection for the life,
liberty or property of British subjects.
An American merchant captain some
thirty years ago knocked a negro steve
dore down with a marllnsplke In the
principal port of Bermuda, because the
negro did not work to suit him. The
stevedore made complaint to the author
ities; the American captain was arrested
by negro policemen, taken to 3all, tried
in the Police Court and made to pay an
exemplary fine for his assault The
American captain, who was from Balti
more, expressed his disgust and surprise
that a white man should be arrested,
imprisoned and fined for striking "a d d
nigger." The British Police Magistrate
replied, "The negro Is a British subject
and Is entitled to the protection of Its
flag under the law." That is the spirit
of Great Britain's policy. She will not
spend millions of good money to re
cover bad debts, but she will spend
millions to right a wrong committed
against a British subject, and because
this is true there Is no flag in the world
more universally respected in foreign
ports than hera She was the first power
In Europe to refuse to pay tribute to
the pirate government of the Barbary
Statea Cromwell sent a fleet under Ad
miral Blake that punished them severe
ly, and they were punished again so ter
ribly in 1816 and 1830 that they have
needed no punishment since that date.
This British policy which considers
costly war measures not too great a
price to right the wrongs of a British
subject has been inherited by the United
States, which has always been prompt
to stand by American citizens threat
ened with outrage in a foreign land.
Commodore Ingraham from his United
States vessel of war in the harbor of
Smyrna demanded the surrender of
Martin Kostza, who had been arrested
and placed upon aa Austrian gunboat as
a political prisoner. The Austrian com
mander obeyed the demand of Ingraham,
and our Government, by the pen of Sec
retary of State Daniel Webster, sustained
the action of Ingraham. Mr. Balfour is
right when he intimates trjat Great Brit
ain cannot afford to treat assaults on
British subjects and seizure of British
vessels as she might consent to treat a
question of bad debts or unpaid or re
pudiated loans. For this reason President
Castro Is not likely to obtain any consent
to an arbitration that Is not based upon
preliminary terms that are equivalent to
complete surrender. The allies did not
proceed against Castro until negotiation
had been exhausted, .and they cannot
without loss of dignity consent to an
arbitration that would be represented
by Castro to his people as equivalent to
a retreat which had been extorted by
the influence of the American Govern
ment. An offer by Castro to arbitrate with
out complying with the demands of the
powers will not be accepted, for' in the
end' it would leave Castro more arrogant
than before, ii Is true that France ar
ranged to submit her claims against
'Venezuela to arbitration, "but the claims
of France are pecuniary claims amount
ing to $10,000,000, while the chief griev
ances of Great Britain, for which she
could obtain no redress, were the as
saults committed on British subjects.
The insolence of these Latin-American
dictators and usurpers has become aa
proverbial as their duplicity and bad
faith. It was exhibited In Mexico under
Santa Anna; it was shown in Chile; it
was shown before by Venezuela, and
Americans ought to be glad that the
decent nations of Europe have become
heartily eick of being stung at every fa
vorable opportunity by a cloud of Latin
American wasps, who have the pride, Ig
norance and superstition of the Span
lards without either their courtesy, their
dignity or their valor. These small
Latin-American States, with the excep
tion of Chile and Argentina, have made
no appreciable-progress in intelligence,
civilization and free government since
that day In 1823 when our Government
guaranteed their territorial integrity for
the future.
"A CONSUMERS' TRUST."
The public has been led to suppose
that the trust business Is in the haids of
capitalists entirely, and that It repre
sents solely the greed and selfishness of
corporate power; that In Its methods
the needs and rights of the producer and
consumer have been ignored, and that
the great go-between element that takes
from the one and sells to the other
practically at- its own price was the
only factor In the trust problem. This
appears to be an erroneous estimate.
The coal famine' as existing in New
York and other large cities of the East
has, according to the Troy Times, devel
oped "a consumers' trust," and if we are
to take the word of that esteemed Jour
nal for It, man's Inhumanity to man Is
as clearly shown in tills trust as in any
of the other combinations that under the
name of business set 6ut to get all they
can, regardless of the needs, rights or
privileges of others.
After detailing at some length the dif
ficulties under which transportation
companies labor in their efforts to re
lieve the stress caused by a midwinter
shortage of coal In these cities, and clt.-
Ing in detail the strenuous efforts that
coal dealers notably In New York
have made to accommodate their busi
ness' to the needs of the poor, the jour
nal quoted says:
Where blame may be placed is upon those
greedy consumers who, for fear of a famine
In tho future, are storing coal in their cellars
beyond their Immediate needs. thus Inter
fering with the supply of people who are act
ually famishing for fuel. If there Is to be a
cry acalnst the trusts In connecMon with coal
It should not be directed against the companies,
which are using the utmost efforts to keep the
poor supplied and doing a pall and basket
trade In preference to larger transactions with
the better circumstanced, nor against the re
tall dealers, who are doing their best to so dis
pose of their limited stocks as to give every
consumer something. But the criticism should
be most severe against those uncharitable per
sons who, having a supply of .coal in their cel
lars for weeks to come, are aggravating the
danger of famine and are preventing, so far as
they can, tho remedy of Immediate distress by
adding to tneir stocics a store tor luiure neeas.
In some cities -consumers have gone from one
dealer to anqther, purchasing a ton at each
place, and thus accumulating four or five tons
of which they were not In immediate need.
This Is the trust the consumers' trust which
is Interfering most with the supply of the
needy at the present time. If selfishness were
put aside and the greatest good to the greatest
number considered by consumers, as the oper
ators and dealers are endeavoring to do, thdre
would be plenty of coal, with good manage
ment for all until the railroad companies can
toward, the supply which is being produced at
the mines in greater quantity man ever Deiore,
A statement of this kind presents hu-
.man nature In Its most unfavorable
light. It depicts individual selfishness
that hesitates not to grind the face of
the poor in the most grasping, sordid
fashion. Such action does not belong to
thrift In the generally accepted inter
pretation of that term, but represents
greed of which human nature In Us bet
ter moods may well be ashamed.
Gecrge W. Tillson, of the Brooklyn
bureau of highways, In a recent lecture
on "Street'Paving" at Springfield, Mass.,
gave a brief review of the use of wood
paving, and said, among other things,
that the authorities of Indianapolis have
found out by experience a wood pave
ment should not be treated with creo
sote because creosote is a volatile sub
stance, and on exposure to the air leaves
the blocks as If they had not been treat
ed. They proposed now to Inject resln
Into the wood, and as this is not a vola
tile substance It is expected that this
will hold the creosote In the wood. Mr.
Tillson said that in Brooklyn the blocks
were laid without pouring tar Into the
joints. Sand had been used Instead, and
It had been found less slippery than tar.
Among other interesting facts, Mr. Till
son said that the first paved roads were
In Egypt; that the ancient Carthagenl
ans, not the Romans, were the- first to
take to roadbullding. When the Romans
took, Carthage they first became famll
lar with roadbullding, and from that
time the march of the Romans was
marked by paved roada The first street
paved In this country was In Boston in
1650, when a part of Washington street
was paved. Brewer street was the first
to be paved in New York City, and peo
ple went from far and near to see- the
famous stone street.
When Thomas Nast sailed for Guaya
quil, he sent to the New York Herald a
farewell cartoon which now seems to
have had a prophetic cast. He" pictured
himself as arriving on the red-hot line
of the equator, greeted by the yeljow
jack. The scourge of the tropics as
sumed the form of a skeleton jack-in-
the-box, and on the box was written:
"Yellow jack will deadhead you." While
it is not at all probable that he drew
this cartoon and wrote these .words In a
prophetic spirit, their significance is re
called by his friends with a shudder for
the possibility which It suggested that
later became a reality. His words,
"Good-bye, I'm off," were commonplace
enough, spoken as he leaned over the
rail of the steamer as she cast off- her
lines, as was also the waving of a little
American" flag which he held in his haiid
until the soft-coal smoke from a passing
tug hid him from sight But they are
pathetic when taken in connection with
the fact of his death after a few months
of Consular service from a disease that
forbids the return of his body to the
United States for burial.
The statement was made before the
Senate committee, on immigration at a
hearing on the proposed amendment to
the immigration bill recently that the
state Insane hospitals of New York con
tain 24,000 Inmates, one-half of whom
are foreign-born and should not have
been permitted to land. In view of the
fact that the inmates of these hospitals
are increasing at the rate of about 700 a
year, this statement challenges Inves
tigation. If true, the plea for a more
stringent immigration Inspection law
could not well be made stronger than
by presenting the facts In detail. Mere
assertion carries little weight, but proof
In a matter of this kind may readily
be obtained. That there is a disposition
in some European countries to unload
this most hopeless and expensive class
of paupers the imbecile poor upon
prosperous America cannot be doubted.
Old World authorities should not be
blamed for this. Selfishness knows no
country. They should simply be pre
vented from shirking this burden upon
the generous citizens of a Nation too
hospitable by far for Its own good.
The sugar crop In Porto Rico for this
year is the largest, with one exception,
ever produced. There has Deen a con
siderable Increase in the area of tobacco
culture. In 1897, under the Spaniards,
there were 538 schools on the Island,
whereas there are now nearly 1000. The
death rate has decreased, more land is
cultivated, new roads have been built,
exports and Imports have increased.
Under a fair reciprocity treaty with the
United States, Cuba would be equally
certain of prosperity with gooa gov
ernment A conspicuous service wrought
Porto Rico under the Intelligent rule or
the United States has been the stamping
out of smallpox by compulsory vaccina
tion. In December, 1SD8, the smallpox
had become epidemic in Porto Rico.
There were at that time 3000 new casea
Compulsory vaccination was begun, and
by July 1. 1893. after the vaccination of
860,000 out of a total population of 960,-
000 Inhabitants, the disease had prac
tically disappeared. In the two years
and' a half following this period the
mortality from smallpox was but two
each year, as against an average of 21
for former years.
The death of General Wager Swayne,
of New York City, is announced. Gen
eral Swayne was a distinguished soldier
of the Civil War. He entered the Union
Army as Colonel of the' Forty-third
Ohio, served at Shiloh, in the Vicksburg
campaign and in Sherman's march to
Atlanta. He lost his right leg while
leading his men in the fight of Rivers
Bridge, S. C, on the Combahee River, in
February, 1885. He was mustered out
of service a full .Major-General of Vol
unteers. After the war General Swayne
rose to great prominence as a corpora
tion lawyer, and was the principal coun
sel of Jay Gould in his famous conspir
acy to capture the Toledo & Wabash
Railroad. He Is the only Union .soldier
of marked ability who rose to great
legal eminence, with the exception of
Benjamin Harrison, William B. Woods
and Charles Devens.
The use of steel In the construction
of modern buildings represents an enor
mous bulk, and this in turn - represents
an enormous profit to manufacturers
and Immense sums in wages. A single
building now under construction on
Broad street, Philadelphia, will require
500 tons of "flreproofing," as the metal
products used in Its construction are
called. This building is but one of hun
dreds that the demands of modern busi
ness In the great cities have called into
existence. No wonder the profits of the
steel trust soar far up into the millions
annually, or that it requires the strenu
ous and unremitting efforts of men who
thoroughly understand the business to
keep the supply up to the demand.
The serious Illness and seemingly Im
pending death of Cornelius Vanderbilt
have, It is said, had a tendency to close
the breatjh in the Vanderbilt family
caused by his marriage to a woman not
of their choosing. His father's ire was
expressed in elevating above him in the
scale of Inheritance as head of that
branch of the Vanderbilt family his
brpther Alfred. Other relatives have
shown their displeasure in not speaking
to him or his wife, and In ignoring as
far as possible their existence. Blood,
even aristocratic blood, Is thicker than
water, though sometimes It takes sick
ness and death to demonstrate this uni
versal law.
New Hampshire proposes to abolish
the title of "His Excellency" as worn
by the Governor. It ought to have been
abolished long ago. The title of the
3hlef Executive of the United States
Is simply "The President." although a
good many people who ought to know
better persist to this day In addressing
petitions to "His Excellency, the Presi
dent of the United States."
A cousin of King Alphonso has been
arrested in a gambling-house. Divers
and Bundry prominent citizens of. Port
land should cable this persecuted scion
of the house of Bourbon their sympathy,
signing thereto the euphonious and sin
gularly expressive name of "John Doe."
Expansion by Assimilation.
Baltimore Sun.
The process of assimilation has devel
oped curious and unexpected results, and
the lean, lank Filipino scouts whose uni
forms were all cut from the one pattern
designed to avoid a 'needless waste of
khaki have taken on the rotundity of the
American policeman. In this Instance the
assimilation concerns subsistence stores,
the scouts having so thrived upon them
that now their delicate duties Involve a
hazardous strain upon seams, and their
exposed shoetops are evidence of a seri
ous shrinkage In trousers. A fat Fili
pino in tho ordinary walks of life must
be more or less of an oddity, but when
he appears with nature pushing from
within to try the temper of his brass but
tons, he must take on a role of the serio
comic. It is here that the sequence
Is reversed; for expansion In this caso
must follow assimilation. Thl3 means
yards upon yards more of khaki. When
the uniforms were made they were cut
on an economical basis, so that there is
very little, if any, let-out to tho seams;
and If there has been an average of only
one inch Increase In girth of each of the
5000 scouts, It will require almost 140
yards of cloth to cover this expansion. If
the natives continue on such good terms
with Government rations, It is possible
the next requisition for uniforms will
specify rubber as the material to be used.
The Duty on Conl.
Boston Herald.
President Roosevelt seems to have mus
tered courage to Interfere with the sacred
Dlngley tariff sufficiently to recommend
the removal of the duty on anthracite.
Perhaps such a project will go through;
the occurrences of the recent months arcs
favorable to Its so doing. But it Is still
to be remembered that there are a con
siderable number of Republicans who are
dead against tho tariff as It Is being
touched at all. t may be, they argue,
that the coal duty would bo better out
of the way, but then who knows what
may happen If the tariff Is changed In any
point? To remove the tax on coal in it
self would be directly in the face of tho
Lodge doctrine, which is that there must
be submission to tariff hardship in home
quarters because It may injure tariff hap
piness in other quarters. Here seems to
be a confession that the "tariff is a log
rolling affair, as Is undoubtedly true. The
difficulty in this manner of its operation
is that the people whom It benefits are?
only a small .fraction of those whom It
Injures. But when it comes to the pos
session of wealth the proportion Is the
other way.
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST TRESS
We All Learn by Experience.
Lewlston Tribune.
The President cautions us that it is only
the shots .that hit that count, possibly
having in mind all the ammunition he has
wasted upon the trusts.
Sancc for the Goose, Etc.
Eugene Guard.
That Police Judge down at Pcrtland Is
to be commended for the stand he has
taken In refusing to sentence Chinese
gamblers who may be, convicted by
juries, so long as the police'' fall to ar
rest white gamblers. Sauce for the goose
should be sauce for the gander.
Silence Not! Always Approved.
Albany Herald.
In sending two fleets with 3500 men and
3C0 guns to collect the Venezuela bill
Germany and England seem to have larger
designs than they have been willing to
avow. As far as the demonstration is in
tended for his benefit. Uncle Sam Is a
calm but alert observer. This calmness
and silence should not be mistaken for
consent or approval.
Go
and Get a Reputation.
Eugene Register.
Several Eastern Oregon papers are
clamorous for United States Senator,
claiming that that section is entitled to it
Hold on, boys; you said you wanted Gov
ernor, and when we accepted your nomi
nee you repudiated him, and refused to
accept your own choice. Better line up
with ( us for a Western Oregon man and
elect 'him on the first ballot That's about
the only thing you can do to square your
selves with tho party.
Incrednlity nt the River's Month.
Astoria News.
There is an agreement between the
Union and Northern and the Great North
ern as well, whereby the Astoria Rill
road will be used by all three lines as a
trunk line. No other arrangement Is pos
sible on the "community of interest" plan.
It would be impossible to make a seaport
on the north side below Skamokawa. and
there would be no use in going that far
up when the best seaport on earth Is
made to hand here at Astoria.
The World's Worst Business.
Albany Democrat
Perhaps the worst business In the world
Is gambling. It is ,a dishonorable way
of making money, even when conducted
along fair lines. Large gambling estab
lishments are not run on fair lines,
though. Besides the chance in the busi
ness devices for cheating of all kinds are
brought into use. In some places, for
Instance, there are arrangements by
which the hands of players in a poker
game may be seen eo betting on a hand
Is an absolute certainty. Marked cards
are often used. Tables are employed
constructed for the particular game to be
played upon them. In short, the scheme
is to get something for nothing. The
young man who wishes to- get along in
life should not gamble, for the business Is
bound to be disastrous both financially
and morally.
Yes, but "tVhnt's His Name?
Dalles TItnes-Mountalneer.
So far as Eastern Oregon Is concerned
it has not or at least should not have any
thing to trade on. Eastern Oregon wants
the United States Senator, but In order to
secure this It cannot afford to stultify
Itself by offering to pass vicious legisla
tion or defeat meritorious measures. It
demands the United States Senator be
cause it Is entitled to a fair and equal
representation In Congress. It makes the
demand on the broad principle of right
and Justice, hence cannot afford to con
nive or trade with any other section of the
state. When it stands for principle it can
not afford to resort to chicanery, therefore
if any section of Western Oregon expects
to secure votes for purely privileged meas
ures, expecting to pay for such favors by
a vote for an Eastern Oregon man for
Senator, It will be disappointed, else we
misjudge the gentlemen who will repre
sent Eastern Oregon in the Legislature.
Make It Half a Million.
Tillamook Independent.
There Is quite a division in the minds
of the people of the state with regard to
what would be a sufficient amount of
money to be appropriated by the Legisla
ture for the Lewis and Clark Exposition.
A great many, In Portland particularly,
think $500,000 Is not too much, while many
others contend that. J250.000 would be
ample. For once we are going to agree
with Portland. The state at large should
feel as much pride in the success of thi3
great historical commemoration as the
City of Portland, and to Insure It against
all possibility of failure, a sufficient ap
propriation of state funds should be made.
The members of the board of directors.
of the exposition, who are among the very
best men In the state, have been educat
ing themselves along this line for a year
or more and are of one mind that- $500,
000 is none too much. Mrs. Weathered
and Colonel Dosch, who probably know
more about expositions on a big scale
than all the editors In the state com
bined, say it Isn't a cent too much, and,
believing they are honest about It, we
shall throw our light weight on . their
side of the balance.
They Deserve- Pay.
Grant's Pass Courier.
Away back In 1856 the Territorial .Legis
lature of Oregon passed an act or more
rightly made a promise, to pay all those
soldiers who volunteered their services
and fought In tho Indian War of 1855-56
$2 per day for such service. For some rea
son this promise has never been fulfilled.
That' was nearly 50 years ago, and today
there are but a few" of the weather
scarred pioneer heroes remaining who
fought the savage red man and blazed
the trail for the newer Oregon In 1855-56.
The greater number of those battles were
fought In the Rogue River Valley, and
many of them fought on what Is today
fruitful orchards, bounteous fields and
happy, contented homes. Perhaps thl3
would not be so had those pioneers not
have fought and fought as they did. Much
credit Is due them for molding out the
great commonwealth of the present Ore
gon. Yet they have been repeatedly Ig
nored. At the coming session of tho
State Legislature the few remaining vet
erans will again make an appeal. It
would seem that right and justice de-
manas mem a neanng and a reward for
services long ago rendered.
In Defense, of Grant Connty.
Canyon City Eagle.
Out3ide papers comment on the proposed
organization of Grant County cattlemen
and sheepmen to preserve the range of
this country for resident stockmen. They
call such a step anarchy. It may be an
archy, as they view It, to take any step
other than to allow them the free use of
all our grass, even to the grass on deeded
lands. We should like to ask If It Is an
archy for the people of this country to
preserve the very thing that maintains
our stock industry? Is It anarchy' for tho
residents of Grant County to asK for the
same consideration that residents of the
Columbia River counties have for years
asked for themselves?" Is it anarchy to
take any step that will build up the stock
industry of Grant County, and increase
the tax roll and population of the county,
even though Columbia River stockmen
do not profit by it? If such is anarchy,
then every citizen of Grant County is
more or less an anarchist. Grant Coun
ty's public range assists largely in main
taining a county government, and Grant
County sheepmen and cattlemen should
have every acre of it. If sheepmen of the
Columbia River counties don't like It, let
them retire from business or move to this
county and become property-owners and
taxpayers, and no objection will be made
to their enjoying a portion of our free
grass. Grant Qounty grassx for Grant
County stock Is universally indorsed by
Grant County people, and they don't care
who takes exception to It
MANNERS 'AND MORALS OF
- ENGLAND'S VERY SMART SET
San Francisco Bulletin.
The suit of Sir Charles Craddock Hartopp
for divorce gave the vulgar public a peep
into the manners and morals of the ex
treme smart set of -England the set that
hunts in Leicestershire., Lady Mlllicent
Hartopp is a niece of Arthur Wilsont of
Tranby Croft, where the famous baccarat
affair, Involving the Prince of Wales, now
King Edward, was laid. Lord Hartopp
himself cannot be. a- paragon, for his
father-in-law, Charles H. Wilson, M. P.,
of Warter Priory, Yorkshire, the million
aire shipbuilder, had to come forward a
few years ago and pay Hartop's gambling
debts to the extent of J50.000. The co
respondent, Earl Cowley, was divorced in
1897 uppn his wife's plea of infidelity and
desertion. The Earl was once sued for
breach of promise by Phyllis Broughton,
an actress, who recovered JoO.OOO.
For Lady Hartopp it must be said that
the testimony proved no act of immor
ality directly, but Lady Hartopp admitted
that the Earl of Cowley used to call on
her at her hunting cottage, spend the
whole day with her In hunting, "return
home with her in the evening, dine alone
with her, and leave about 11 o'clock at
night. The Earl admitted that he had
been alone with Lady Mlllicent. in her
boudoir with the door locked, but" avowed
that he had merely nailed a piece of silk
on a screen at that time. She Is one of
the most beautiful women in England.
He Is a "handsome, horsey young athlete.
Lady Mlllicent admitted receiving pres
ents of jewelry from Major Sir John
Christopher Willoughby. She averred that
she was quite as Intimate with other
young dandles as she had been with
Cowley. The Marquis of Cholmondeley,
hereditary Great Chamberlain of Eng
land, was known to her as "Rook." Lord
Acheson. grandson of the Duchess of
Devonshire", was called "Pepper," while
George Lambton, brother of the Earl of
Durham, was called "Pickles."
Lady Millicent's familiar name for her
husband was "Bundle," and the Earl of
Cowley answered to the call of "Toby."
She told of many more who had nick
names, among them Lady Sarah Wilson,
an aunt of the Duke of Marlborough,
who was known as "Sal."
All this, if It did not prove Lady Mllli
cent guilty, showed that manners and
morals In her set are pretty low In tone.
And her conduct In court was not very be
coming. Sue appeared every day In differ
ent costume, and tried to make herself as
"stunning" as possible. Once she was all
In navy blue, with a beantiful toque to
match, surmounted with a tall feather
that harmonized with her fine face. Again
she wore a black hat and a loose dark
blue coat, trimmed with sable. At an
other time she was all In black, her cos
tume trimmed with gold, and wore a large
bunch of lilies of the valley. Those cos
tumes did not fit the role of an innocent,
injured young wife, nor did she essay
to play that role. Her manner was as
cool and defiant as one could Imagine.
Counsel for Lady Mlllicent had an
nounced that he intehded to show that
Improper relations had existed between
Sir Charles Hartopp and' the beautiful
Mrs. Sands. Thereupon Mrs. Sands in
tervened In her own behalf, and was rep
resented by counsel, and she attended the
sittings regularly and rivaled Lady Mllli
cent In the variety and splendor of her
costumes. -A fashionable audience attend
ed the trial.
In the witness-chair Lady Mlllicent was
Imperturbable, Insolent and cynical. One
correspondent calls her "a perfect type
of the 20th century mondalne. who has
no thought in life beyond amusement."
She said that her only regret In having
offered her husband 5100,000 as a bribe
to allow her to get a divorce was that It
was illegal. When counsel inquired If It
was not also Immoral she seemed as
tonished. . The scandalous case of the beautiful
Marchioness of Devonshire, now the wife
of Captain Laycock, the co-respondent
with her in the suit brought by the Mar
quis, and the case of Captain Burnaby,
of the Life Guards, with whom Mrs.
Burnaby named in her bill Lady Sophie
Scott, a daughter of the Earl of Cadogan,
bear out the growing belief that English
ultra-fashionable society is rotten to the
heart. Many scandals are talked about,
but never brought into court. Apparently
these divorce affairs do not affect the
social standing of the participants. Things
are coming to the pass which society In
the court of Louis XVI reached just be
fore the revolution, when noble lords
competed to win the King's favor for their
'wives, and when one proud Marquis, hav
ing come upon his wife by chance em
bracing another man, remarked: "How
imprudent of -you. madame! Suppose a
stranger had caught you." The Duke
de Gulne, counseling his daughters, said
to them: "Vices are nothing, but avoid
the absurd. Ridicule kills."
No doubt the Hartopp case does not give
a complete picture of titled society In
England. There are ancient and noble
families In England whose heme life is
pure arid simple, and who have not been
corrupted by the Immoral, cynical tone of
the age. But it is a pity to behold the
degenerate posterity, male and female,
of the great men of English history
crowding the divorce courts as defendants
and co-respondents, and turning the ses
sions of a scandalous trial Into fashion
able matinees.
Thirty-Six-Cent Dollars.
Chicago Record-Herald.
Mexican dollars were quoted at 37 cents
In New York Wednesday. As they contain
several grains more of pure silver than the
Amerlcaa coin of the same name, the old
campaign talk about 50-cent dollars In this
country would be far too generous to sil
ver at this date. With the metal going at
47& cents an ounce, the pure silver In our
own dollar at the present time Is actually
worth but a trifle over 36 cents.
There has been a very heavy decline dur
ing the last year. October 1, 1901, the Sec
retary of the Treasury, in a proclamation
of the value of foreign coins, put that of
the Mexican dollar at 46.4. The intrinsic
value of the American dollar was slightly
smaller, and It had varied in a period of
seven years as follows:
1S94 $0 491I1S9S $0 456
1895 50611899
1S26 622 1900 479
1897 467 1
It had touched .089 in 1S90, but began to
fall off while the Sherman law was still In
operation, and It Is perfectly evident that
no expedient of the Government could
have maintained prices, In view of recent
developments. If the silver Issue had been
postponed It would be with us today In a
much more menacing, form than it was In
1896.
The West Wind's Song-.
The "West Wind sings a song to me ,
Of future splendid things;
Of mlchty cities yet to be,
The West "Wind sings a son? to me:
Of peoples risen proud and freo
The West Vlnd blithely sings
The West Wind sings a song to ma
Of future splendid things. .
I hearken to the West Wind's song
With high hopes In my breast;
Earth's riches to the West belong;
I hearken to the West Wind's song
Of future peoples, wise and strong.
And cast my fortune with the West
I hearken to the West Wind's song
With high hopes in my breast.
S. E. Klser.
With No Bad Habits.
Spore Moments.
A merchant In one of our Northern cities
lately put an advertisement In a paper headed:
"Boy Wanted."
The next morning he found a bandbox on his
doorstep, with this inscription on the top:
"How will this one answer?"
On opening it, he found a nice, fat, chubby
looking specimen of the article be wanted,
warmly done up in flannel.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Good morning! Going, shopping?- .
The Christmas tree is being discussed in
all Its branches. .
Although ,the postman is loaded every
morning, nobody seems inclined to report
him. .
Bloodless surgery Is being successfully
practiced by wives on their husbands'
pocketbooks.
How many fond men are pondering
whether to get their high-born sons sleds
or skates? '
If all street-beggars are tabooed half
the up-town residents of Portland will
have to shut up.
Mighty few boys are getting whipped
these days. Their fathers have received
hints from the mothers about Things.
It is supposed that Castro is now study
ing "First Aid to Letter-Writers" as a
preparation for an advanced course In
apologies.
If the European powers make as big a
fizzle of this police business as some
American cities do, Venezuela will be
wide open pretty soon.
A thief 13 no th!eflll he is published
as such in the papers. This simplifies
matters wonderfully and saves some men
a lot of trouble not to speak of the po
lice. -
When the cousin of King Alphonso of
Spain was arrested In a gambling-house
he immediately challenged the Prefect of
Police to a duel. In Portland the man
who Is arrested gives a good reason and
poses as a martyr. But, then, we licked
Spain before, and can do It again.
Garland Rodes Camp, Confederate Vet
erans, of Lynchburg. Va., has adopted a
resolution thanking Senator Foraker. of
Oljio. for his action in offering in the
United States 'Senate a bill providing for
the erection of a marble slab over tho
grave of every Confederate soldier who
died In prison during the war.
A small girl who has just begun to at
tend school recently brought home' a
pumpkin seed and told her bother that
the teacher said that although the seed
was white the pumpkin would be yellow.
"And what will the color the vines
be?" asked the mother.
The little girl replied that the teacher
had not -taught her that
"But," said her mother, "you know,
dear, for we have pumpkin vines in our
garden."
Of course I do, but we ain't expected to
know anything until we are taught"
Bashful men get Into all sorts of trouble
owing to their bashfulness, says tho
Washington Times. The other night an
Oxford County (Me.) young fellow, who
is timid with women, plucked up courage
to try and kiss hls sweetheart at the
door, after escorting her homo from a
party. But, being "bashful, he stumbled
and fell off the front . doorstep, pitched
into a rosebush, got his head entangled in
the trellis and his feet in the wire net
ting, jammed his shoulders between the
steps and the foundations of the house,
and had to be rescued by the girl's father,
brother and uncle, whom she called to her
assistance. Now, who In the world but a
bashful man could have developed all
these woes from avplmple -attempt ,to kiss
a girl and then not get the kiss, after
all? .
On every corner one sees the' uniform
of the Salvation Army and the sign tell
ing that contributions will be received for
Christmas dinner. Modern ways of giv
ing to charity relievo the person with the
will of all effort The simple act of drop
ping a coin into a tin box puts In motion
machinery that unites the quarters of
the globe. The anonymous gift is car
ried through many hands until at last It
allays the hunger of an unknown man,
clothes the chill form of an unnamed
woman, dries the tears of a child weep
ing without a protector. Joy and sor
row meet at Christmas tide. Those that
give and those that receive arc equal.
And tender hearts comfort their own
stifled woes by sharing with others, whose
cold hands are reaching out to meet the
warmth of sweet charity.
Senator Hanna knows how to point a
Joke or an anecdote, relates the Wash
ington Post. He was bantering Senator
"Billy" Mason the other day about nurs
ing a Presidential boom.
"How will you fix It about your seat In
the Senate while you are running for tho
Presidency yourself?" retorted Mr.
Mason.
"You remember the story of two Irish
men who got loaded?" said the Ohio Sen
ator. "Their names were Mike and Pat
They tried to stick together, but got on
different sides of the street, and soon
found themselves hugging the same lamp
post " 'Pat' observed Mike, 'how are ye?'
" Oh, O'lm pretty well. Come over
here'
" I can't'
" 'And why?'
" 'Because I have me hands full stay
ing where I am.' "
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
"Tour daughter Is a great help In your house
hold work. Isn't she?" "Yes. She stays away
from home so much." Brooklyn Life.
Still Lives. "I don't think the editor read a
line of my story!" "Neither do I. I notice
that hl3 magazine comes out as usual."
Dorothy So Mabel Is engaged to Chollyt
Now what on earth does she see In him? Mar
garetHer last chance, probably. Judge.
"She's been trying to make a fool of me."
"Oh, no. She's too ambitious to attempt any
such easy task as that." Chicago Evening
Post.
"Mary, there three months' dust in the
drawing-room!" "That Isn't my fault, mum-.
You know I've only bin here a fortnight."
Puck.
Mrs. Bouncer I have been to see Mrs. Grace
this afternoon. What delightful company she
Is! Mr. Bouncer Yes, I understand that she
is no talker. Boston Transcript.
Physician Madam, I find your husband has
pneumonia In Its worst form. Mrs. Newrlch
I can't understand that. We are certainly
rich enough to afford the very bet there Is.
Chicago Dally News.
"Do you think you could be happy with a
man Uko me?" said Willie Wlshington. ear
nestly. "Oh, yes," answered Miss Cayenne,
after a sause. "I think so; If he wasn't too
much like you.-" Washington Star.
"Oh! she's so sweet, so angelic and fair."
sighed Lovott Fursyte. "But I know I shall
never succeed In winning her love." "Non
sense!" exclaimed May Sharpe. "Lots of other
men have succeeded. Why shouldn't you?"
Philadelphia Press.
It was since the coal famine began. The
boy had been to church, and was still shiver
ing when he reached the cheerless hearth at
home. "What was the text?" asked his moth
er. "Many are cold, but few are frozen."
chattered the youth. Baltimore American.
"I am sorry to have to refuse this," said. the
head of the publishing house. "It would be
too risky. There are subjects that can't 'be
dealt with In books." "They can on the stage,
by Jove!" replied tho author, fiercely. -"I'll
make a society drama of It!" Chicago Tribune.