1
THE MORNING" OKEGONIAN, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1902
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TODAY'S WEATHER Partly cloudy, with
occasional showers; south to .west winds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature. 47; minimum temperature, 30; pre
cipitation. 0.17 inch.
PORTLAND, SATURDAY, DEC. 13.
You can get the views of all the public
men In Washington on any important
subject at a moment's notice by estab
lishing connection with a newspaper
correspondent who is abreast of the
time. He will instantly repair to the
apartment by courtesy called an office,
lock the door, set fire to a moiety of
eleemosynary tobacco, and with the aid
of Government writing materials will
grind you out as fast as mere mechan
ical limitations permit the exact impres
sion created by a given -Blece of news
upon "each and every" segment of offi
cial "Washington. He will do this with
out leaving his box, expect good pay
for it, and, what's more, he will get it.
One of these resourceful persons is evi
dently and opportunely in Caracas, for
he wires the Associated Press that the
release of British and German prisoners
"has created a good Impression." As
suredly, it would put this accomplished
and versatile correspondent to some
pains to locate this good Impression
with any accuracy. It certainly did not
please the "Venezuelan populace, on fire
for vengeance on the foreigners. What
the men on the assembled warships
thought of It he had no means of know
ing. The few menaced foreigners are
not likely to be airing their views very
extensively. The favorable impression,
therefore, may be reasonably narrowed
down to Minister Bowen and the corre
spondent himself. The entire approval
vouchsafed by the released persons at
their own escape, we should suppose,
goes without saying.
Miss Isom's commendable activity in
the display of eligible Christmas books
for children, like her recent bulletin on
arldand literature, apropos of the irri
gation convention, should be an addi
tional reminder to the community of the
necessity for Intelligent use of the Port
land Library, now public Invery sense.
For this Institution to be of any real
value to the intellectual life of the com
munity it must be regarded as some
thing more than a place to kill time
or to get exciting novels with which to
cram empty heads. A library Is very
much what it is made by the people for
whom It is maintained. They can have
it filled with heipful works of record, in
struction and reference, or else devoted
solely to the baser uses of mere novel
reading. The library is now In the best
possible hands, both of directorate and
working force, and it will accurately re
flect the demands made upon it, so far
as its means vgo In Portland, as every
where else, there is the disposition to
depend too much on second-hand
sources of Information when original
authorities are within reach. Every
day brings to this office many inquiries
on subjects which can be learned all
about by any who will take the' trouble
to consult the library. Toung persona
especially should be encouraged and
urged to possess themselves of authori
tative and definite knowledge from the
best books within reach; and there is
no more effective way to get better
books within reach than to use intel
ligently and faithfully the books at
hand. The way to double the library's
equipment and usefulness is to cultivate
its resources to- the limit of their pres
ent capacity. A natural demand for in
crease will then be created, and means
will somehow appear to meet it.
It is easy to understand what Senators
Daniel and Tillman mean by their in
vidious and uncivil caviling at the pres
ent labors and proposed pay of Judge
George Gray, on the Anthracite Coal
Strike Commission. They want to
wreak a petty revenge upon him for his
action as a Democrat against Bryan in
1896 and subsequent years. Of Tillman
it Is perhaps unnecessary to refer In
terms of greater aspersion than the
mere mention of his name; but of Dan
iel's brains and breeding something bet
ter might have been expected. Tet his
own record on two Important matters is
such as to make him feel keenly the un
favorable aspect he bears in-comparison
with the honesty and courage of Gray.
Daniel has seen the miseries of debased
currency In "Virginia, yet he advocated
debased currency in the Nation for
party regularity. It Is an Inadequate
defense. But Daniel has a yet darker
record, and It concerns this very prob
lem of labor and capital where he now
agitates for partisan advantage. When
President Cleveland was arraigned in
Congress for his course in the Chicago
riots of 1894, he had no warmer defend
er on the floor of the Senate than Dan
iel of Virginia. Daniel was for law and
order. He opposed free riot and called
upon Congress to sustain and approve
the course of the noble Democratic
President in suppressing violence and
anarchy at Chicago. Tet in less than
two years we find this same "Virginia
statesman, as chairman of the Demo
cratic National Convention, joining
forces with Bryanlsm In an assault not
only on Cleveland's views, but upon
Cleveland's acta Gray stood by Cleve
land in 1894, and again in 1896. He was
loyal not only to the mac, but to the
Nation's honor, in finance and in pub
lic peace. It is not strange that men
like Daniel should squirm under the
withering rebuke administered to them
by George Gray's manly and unobtru
sive pursuance of his dally duty; and
perhaps it is equr.liy natural that they
should seek to vent their venom in ways
of such pitiful meanness.
Councilman Albee falls into one very
dangerous error In his championship of
the abolishment of private boxes con-,
nected with saloons. This Is his. esti
mate of these contrivances as the fountain-head
of youthful vice and crime.
He should go back beyond the saloons
to the imperfect character given the
youth by the Inheritance and training
received in the home. We could name
Mr. Albee many young men and women
in Portland to whom all the seductive
drinks on Satan's wine list and all the
blandishments' of private entrances
would be no more temptation than a
veritable devil with horns and tail. But
this is the only fault to be found with
his proposal or his reasoning. If there
is any defense in law or morals to these
prolific breeding-places, of drunkenness
and debauchery, it has yet to be offered.
Boys are made wrecks and girls are
made prostitutes by the bad company
and bad "habits they take up with in
these secret rooms, where every precau
tion Is taken to screen them from obser
vation and facilitate their passage to
eating-tables and lodging-houses. No
sdoonkeeper who prizes his buzlness
standing or covets any sort of social
recognition for his family will condone
the black offenses of these hell-holes.
The moral aspect of this question is one
that transcends every consideration of
revenue and puts It in a different cate
gory from the perennial adjustments of
license fees. Any Councilman with a
boy he hopes to see successful, or a girl
at whose ruin he would shudder, should
not need lu.ig to make up his mind on
this subject. And If he have neither,
shall he b.e reckless of his neighbor's
ewe lamb? Opportunity makes the out
cast as well as the thief. The field 13
one where prevention is .far more effica
cious than cure. Who, alas! shall cure
the ruined life of its wasted years and
its bitter memories?
IT IS REAL WAR.
The operations of the fleet of Ger
many and Great Britain ire directed
toward enforcing a "peaceful" blockade
of the ports of Venezuela and the seiz
ure and temporary holding of the custom-houses
of that country. To accom
plish this purpose, it was, ol course, nec
essary to capture Venezuela's ships-of-war,
as these were ottstacles to enforc
ing this blockade and occupation of custom-houses.
After- they were captured
they were practically prizes, which
could be held during a settlement or
could be destroyed If their captors
could not spare the men necessary to
send them Into some British port. Vene
zuela knew that failure of satisfactory
answer to the ultimatum of the enemy
meant exactly such measures as have
been taken. Venezuela knew that after
negotiations have terminated without
effect, the receipt of an ultimatum
means that If a settlement is not made
military force will be applied.
Of course, In a limited sense Great
Britain and Germany are making war
upon Venezuela. They "are not making
war for the purpose of territorial ag
grandizement, but they are making war
for the purpose of coercing Venezuela
Into a satisfactory settlement ' of her
debts. When President Harrison sent
what was practically our ultimatum to
Chile, if Chile had maintained the dog
ged silence of Venezuela, our Navy
would have bombarded the Chilean
ports until they agreed to apologize
and pay an indemnity. Without any
declaratlon of war, Commodore Hollins,
United States Navy, bombarded and
burnt Greytown, In Central America,
because of some offense against Ameri
can citizens. A good deal of actual war
may be waged without formal declara
tion of war, and a so-called "peaceful"
blockade may necessitate stern naval
measures and may expand into a fully
developed war on sea and land. Of
course, the present 'limited naval opera
tion agalpst Venezuela could not be suc
cessfully undertaken against a great
power without a serious war. A power
like Russia, France, Germany or the
United States would consider any at
tempt to blockade its ports, seize Its
ships or occupy its custom-houses as a
declaration of war, and would instantly
retaliate by land and sea, so that, what
ever it may be called, the proceedings
of Great Britain and Germany against
Venezuela are acts of war consequent
upon the dogged refusal of President
Castro to satisfy the demands of the ul
timatum. Since It Is really a state of war, noth
ing that has been done is in excess of
the laws of war. WKen Venezuela re
fused to settle, the "peaceful" blockade
followed, with just as rhuch war In it
as was necessary to enforce the pur
pose of the blockade of Venezuela's
ports and the occupation of her custom
houses. The same view holds good as to
the prisoners taken and the ships cap
tured, whether they have been sunk or
held as prizes awaiting final settlement.
When war is undertaken it Is a nat
ter of discretion or convenience with the
captor what he does "with his prizes
taken from the enemy, and so with his
prisoners. .There is nothing that Ger
many and Great Britain have done
thus far that they have not a perfect
fight to do under the laws of war, be
cause an attempt to blockade the ports
of any power and occupy Its custom
houses is an act of war. The ultimatum
was a warning that war would be at
once -resorted to if satisfaction was not
at once granted by Venezuela.
Some of thereatest wars in the his
tory of the world have been begunwlth
out any formal declaration, and war has
sometimes been made without any pub
lic provocation, like the British naval
expedition against Copenhagen under
Admiral Nelson. Great Britain was at
peace with Denmark, but Great Britain
feared that Napoleon would seize the
Danish fleet, so Nelson destroyed it,
after a terrible battle, to keep it out of
the hands of the French. Great Britain
has over and over again collected dam
ages at the cannon's mouth from petty
states like Venezuela which have Inflict
ed Injuries upon. British subjects and re
fused redress. Abyssinia, Zanzibar,
Persia, Algiers and Morocco h'ave been
brought to terms by British arms with
out any purpose of territorial aggran
dizement. So long as Germany and
Great Britain do not transgress the laws
of civilized warfare, their methods of
procedure against "Venezuela are en
tirely defensible, because their so-called
purpose of "peaceful" blockade Is really
nothing but war. The actfon of our
Minister at Caracas is nothing more
than the discharge of the same duties
that were willingly assumed and dis
charged by Mr. Waehburne, the Ameri
can Minister to France, during the
Franco-German. War of 1870-71. When
that war broke out there were 50,000
German citizens in Paris, whose inter
ests were cared for as far as possible by
Mr. Washburne. --
The rally of the- people of Venezuela
to arms Is natural, but It will be of no
avail. They have no warships, and they
cannot break the blockade of their ports
without warships. If the blockade is
not broken, the revenues of "Venezuela
will be reduced so largely that President
Castro will not be able to pay running
expenses. If the resistance of "Venezu
ela should prove to be unexpectedly
formidable, it would be an easy mat
ter to support the allied squadron by
troops sent from Europe in numbers
sufficient to capture Caracas. "Venezu
ela has about 2,500,000 people, inhabiting
an area of 566,000 square miles. She has
no railroads . to speak of; her fighting
population is largely composed of mixed
Indian and Spanish blood. "Venezuela's
well-armed and disciplined troops prob
ably do not exceed 25,000 men, and In
the matter of field artillery they could
make no appreciable resistance to the
allies. If all "Venezuela rushed to arms
to support Castro he could not collect
more than 150,000 men of all sorts, but
of effective, well-armed troops fit to
meet European regulars he cannot com
mand more than 25,000 men. He will
not fight; he has no money, no good
troops, no ships. He will simply have
to ssttle.
MITCHELL IS TOO SANGUINE.
The present suffering on the Atlantic,
seaboard and "as far west as Chicago
from the scarcity of coal ought to con
vince the parties to the anthracite con
troversy that the public welfare will
be paramount in the matter of the
prompt settlement of the great coal
strikes. In the current number of Mc
Clure's Magazine Mr. Mitchell discusses
the coal strike with Intelligence, ability
and good temper, but he Is likely to be
disappointed in his expectation that
voluntary arbitration will be sufficient
for the future settlement of quarrels be
tweencapltal and labor; that here is no
combination of labor or capital powerful
enough to oppose .successfully the ad
verse public sen.timent which would be
directed against the party refusing to
submit to voluntary arbitration or to
accept the award of such a board.
This is altogether too optimistic a
view. The miners were fortunate In
finding not only a sympathizer, but an
ally, in President Roosevelt But this
was the merest accident. Without the
Intervention of the President, it is quite
probable that the mine operators would
have obstinately refused to arbitrate,
and If they had, the strikers would have
had a bitter time this Winter. The self
ishness of the mine operators is not ex
tinct; it Is only for the time subdued
by transient circumstances, and will
bide Its opportunity. When we have a
President some day who Is a "Jefferson
Ian" Democrat, or a "Jeffersonlan" Re
publican, and does not approve or is
temperamentally unable to employ
extra-ofllclal Intervention in a great
strike, then the mine operators will
show their teeth again and force another-
great strike with the hope of
forcing the miners to surrender on the
operators' terms.
Men as heartless and cruel as the tes
timony before the arbitration tribunal
shows these anthracite coal autocrats to
be cannot be changed by defeat. They
will, of course, be obliged to accept the
findings of the commission, but at the
first promising opportunity they will
fight another battle with the mlnework
ers' union. This Is the fatal weakness
of trusting to Involuntary arbitration.
The mine operators seldom want to ar
bitrate, because they think they can
better afford a long strike than the min
ers can, and as a rule they will refuse
to arbitrate in the future as they have
in the past. The miners are short
sighted in not seeing that It would be
far better for them to be able to force
the operators Into a court of arbitration
than to trust to luck to force them to
arbitrate by a long strike.
CHILD INSURANCE.
Grave abuses through life Insurance
for young children have again been dis
closed in Pennsylvania. The practice,
as shown by the revelations, is very ex
tensive, and its drift is toward the
shirking of parental responsibility in
the most shocking manner. The Insur
ance Commissioner, in calling attention
to the scandals that have grown out
of it, asserts, as a basis of reform there
in, tlyit "any concern that Insures life
should be incorporated," thus incurring
fuller legal responsibility for its acts.
This statement is in itself startling,
since it discloses the fact that "con
cerns" are engaged in a business in
Pennsylvania without the authority
which insures legal responsibility in a
class of very important transactions,
one party to which Is utterly helpless.
Insurance of children, says the Phila
delphia Bulletin, In commenting upon
the subject, rests upon an entirely dif
ferent basis from that of adults. The
truth of this estimate is obvious. The
life of a wage-earner or a business man
represents a cash value to his family,
and- the steady growth of the number
of policies issued to such persons by
reputable substantial and responsible
companies Is a development in modern
business life which may be commended
as an example of practical thrift and
forethought. Small children, on the
contrary, are sources of expense, and
not of revenue, to their parents. In
cases ofpeor families It may, other con
ditions being satisfactory to the Insur
ance Inspector, be justifiable to insure
the lives of older children for sums that
would, In the event of their death, pay
the necessary expenses incident thereto.
But the line must be drawn somewhere,
and the practice of Insuring infants In
rarms may well be forbidden as a spe
cies of gambling which is abhorrent to
persons of humane Instincts, and which
may put temptation in the way of de
praved parents whose poor homes are
overflowing with Infantile life.
It is, of course, impossible to calculate
with anything like probability,' not to
say certainty, what the chances of life
for an infant a few weeks or a few
months old may be. And even where
older children are concerned Insurance
should be surrounded with safeguards
and restrleticns which will operate to
reduce possible abuse, fraud and inhu
manity to the minimum. A state that
contains even one large city among
whose inhabitants there are necessarily
a considerable number of starving poor
should concern Itself in this matter to
the end that the most utterly helpless
of Its .Inhabitants may be protected
from inhumanity, of which the most re
volting phase Is parental irresponsibil
ity, that may develop Intohe, cruel
neglect of young children, looking- to the
price that has been set upon, their lives.
Ex-President Cleveland's remarks at
a public meeting" In Philadelphia Thurs
day evening on the Industrial training
of the colored people bear the stamp of
a just-minded man who feels that he is
out of politics. The whole negro ques
tion, so called, consists In the possibility
of bringing negroes up to the standard
required for self-respecting, useful and
safe members of the body politic. In
the words of Mr. Cleveland, these peo
ple must. If this is to be 'accomplished,
be taught to do something more than
"haul hay and draw water." Careful
thrift and intelligent Industry are the
handmaidens of progress. These quali
ties were wanting In the negro race
when released from generatlons-of bond
age. Ten-year-old David Copperfleld,
In Dickens' immortal story, was not
more unfitted to take charge of the
problem of his own existence, when set
adrift In London, than were the ne
groesmen, women and children when
turned out by the edict of freedom to
think and plan and act for themselves.
Unwise because untaught, these people
have blundered on in so-called freedom
through a generation, environed by con
ditions in which ignorance, prejudice
and helplessness were chief factors.
They need now,' as they sorely needed
when cast adrift upon the sea of re
sponsible irresponsibility, the discipline
that only comes from Industrial train
ing, the object of which is individual in
dependence and good citizenship. If
they ever reach this goal It will be
through the discipline and power of
self-respecting, self-sustaining Industry
a quality as distinct from blundering,
awkward manual labor as though one
were occupation, the other idleness.
President Castro, of Venezuela, will
naturally seek to restore his damaged
popularity by raising the standard of
national resistance to Germany and
Great Britain, but it is reported that
the Venezuela Conservatives will refuse
to support him. He Is said to be hope
ful of becoming at no distant day the
head of a union of all the South Ameri
can' Republics for purposes of common
defense against foreign aggression. But
South America is not ready for such a
step, for she is a country of magnificent
distances, and her little republics, are
in no sense united in sympathies or in
terests, and if they were the President
of Venezuela would not be selected as
the head of a South American union.
Chile Is the most warlike and. energetic
of all the South American states, and
she would not for a moment join a union
with such a man as Castro for Presi
dent Neither would Argentina nor
Brazil. The Provinces of Venezuela
and Colombia are hostile to each other,
and Ecuador dislikes Colombia. Peru
and Bolivia detest Chile, and Paraguay
hates Brazil. There Is no love lost be
tween Argentina and Chile. The South
American union is a dream, "and Castro
is nothing but a very ambitious
dreamer.
The Senate committee on military af
fairs, by its favorable recommendation
of the bill for the retirement of General
H. C. Merrlam as a Major-General In
stead of ,a Brigadier-General, has done
only an act of Justice. "General Merrlam
was brevetted for gallantry at Antie
tam; he wears a medal of honor for
his conspicuous gallantry exhibited In
leading his regiment in the assault upon
Fort Blakeley In April, 1865; he was a
full Brigadier-General in 189S when the
war with Spain broke out Through no
fault of his own General Merrlam was
given no opportunity o command In
Cuba or the Philippines, and despite the
fact that he had been overslaughed' re
peatedly in the matter of promotion to
vacant Major-Generalships, he was re
tired for age in November, 1901, with
out the additional grade that was in
equity his due. General Merrlam was,
during his long career of forty years
in the Army, an officer of distinguished
ability and high character, and it Is to
be hoped that the United States Senate
will do him the justice that its military
committee has recommended for enact
ment. Pension Commissioner Ware is com
ing Into troubles of his own. These are
already taking the shape of those with
which Commissioner Evans became so
familiar. They spring from the same
source that produced 00 plentiful a
crop for his predecessor the attorneys
and agents who make a livelihood by
getting claims through the Pension Bu
reau. While there was no evidence that
Commissioner Evans did anything more
heinous than to execute the laws of Con
gress, he was assailed as an enemy of
old soldiers' and made the object of
fierce denunciation in ills official capac
ity. All of this Is a matter of political
history. The pension allowance pro
vldes for the disbursement of $139,847,000
during the next fiscal year. This sum
is more than one-fourth of the entire
estimated expenditures of the Govern
ment, exclusive of the Postoffice Depart
ment Its proportions certainly dis
prove the assumption that the Pension
Bureau is being administered in a spirit
unfriendly to old soldiers.
The sum of $500 will be added to the
soldiers' monument fund for the erec
tion of a monument in Lone Fir ceme
tery In memory of the soldiers there in
terred. The sum, though a substantial
contribution to a most worthy cause,
represents, an effort out of all propor
tion to the returns on the part of a few
patriotic but sadly overworked women
during a nine days' fair. Indeed, if the
strength and vitality of self-denying
women who engage in such work could
be or were assessed at anything like
their true worth, the levy placed upon
them would far outrun In value the re
turns of any bazaar held. for the purpose
of raising funds for even the most
worthy object. This is a plain state
ment, the truth of which will scarcely
be challenged by any bazaar worker,
tired from last week's campaign.
A baseball war Is being waged out of
season on the Pacific Coast with tongues
for bludgeons -and words as hot shot
The public can get along (though, of
course, the possibility of such priva
tion Is harrowing tq contemplate) If the
war should result In the disruption of
the league and the Impossibility of or
ganlzing anotner. mere are some
things of which one specimen of each
In a community Is quite enough; as, for
example, a Board of Trade and a base
ball team. Two of each may make
themselves ridiculous by clamoring for
public recognition and support, but that
would be about the extent of their abil
ity to aid, please, amuse or Instructs
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS
"Will Hev to" Find Out."
Olympia Recorder.
Flnley -Peter Dunne, author of the
Dooley letters, was married yesterday.
"Undoubtedly he Is now at the" end of his
troubles, but, as Dooley would say, "He
will hev to find out which end."
Sympathy for the Under Dor.
Albany Democrat.
The greatest outrage and, most cow
ardly act of modern times Is A. Germany
and England jumping upon Venezuela
mostly on account of some private con
tractor's claims. For shame!
Always Actlngr for Themselves.
Lewiston Tribune.
Somehow the railroads always seem to
be doing something whenever there is any
special open river activity but manage to
get hung up whenever there Is a lull. The
railroads do not want Jo havn to compete
with the river and if anyone would like
to see them jump just let work once be
gin on removing The Dallcs-Celilo rapids.
IiOOkuJFavorable for the Fair.
Pendleton Tribune.
Portland has subscribed $400,000 for the
Fair. The railroad companies 550.000. The
state seems inclined to Increase the sum
of the two by $500,000. which makes ,al
TTinsf si.ooo.000 In Orecon. Every West
ern State will, help fill the Fair's treas
ury and if Uncle Sam does his part the
Lewis and Clark celebration will be a
pretty biff affair. There is no cause ior
discouragement yet
Harmony Would Mean Extravagance.
Hillsboro Argus.
It will not be many weeks until the
Oregon Legislature will be In session, and
with this Oregon will be Inflicted witn
another Senatorial fight There will be
the usual pulling ana naming ana aeartn
of decent legislation, but the state will
not suffer as much as might be expected
under such circumstances because of the
direct legislation amendment This safe
guard will do much toward checking many
extravagances that would otherwise pre
vail, and generally have prevailed in the
past
Oregon Must Take the Initiative,
Albany Herald.
Portland In asking $2,000,000 from the
general Government for the Lewis and
Clark Fair Is not asking too much. In
view of the fact that the business men
of that city are putting into the fair
$300,000. Then, asaln, with Congress mak
ing as liberal a contribution $500,000
would not look very unreasonable for the
share of the State of Oregon. Oregon
must take the initiative to make the Fair
a success. With these liberal aids and
the neighboring states doing their yart.
the Fair will be a signal credit to the
entire West
The Greeks Bearing Gifts.
Lebanon Criterion.
The Democratic press of the state Is
over anxious that the Republicans in the
Leclslature do not fall to reward Gover
nor Geer, for past services, by electing
him to the United States Senate, when th
Democratic papers are over anxious for
the welfare of any man It Io time for the
Republicans to "look a leetle out" The
Democrats would probably like to see
Geer rewarded for the assistance he ren
dcred George E. last Juno, but tha Re
publicans don't see It that way and will
elect some good Republican to the posi
tion.
Still Harping; on the Trolley Line
Forest Grove Times.
"The Times was right about the way
to treat Portland," said a prominent cltl
zen the other day. "If they hold hp our
electric road then our members of the
Legislature should hold up the bills they
are most interested In. Let them under
stand that there. are others In the state
besides those who live .In the big city.
Portland is a great, city, and we are,
proud-of It and want It to prosper, but
we alio have some interests that we want
encouraged, and if Portland don't treat
us fairly then It becomes a duty to force
a recognition of our rights."
Olympla's Golden Dream.
Seattle Times.
The Olympia papers are In ecstasies
over the proposal of the Northern Paciflc
Railway Company to purchase the tide
lands In front of that city. It Is alleged
that the company proposes to make that
point the shipping pert for the wheat that
it brings from Eastern Washington. It is
said that the company will reach tide
water by a downrjlH haul along the banks
of the Columbia, then up the Cowlitz and
over to Olympia. thus doing away with
the heavy grades of the Cascades. There
are certain movements being made that
give credence to this story. It is not the
practice of railway companies to do things
In a hurry, but It need, surprise no one
If the two great wheat shipping ports of
Puget Sound should be Seattle anU
Olympia.
Hotv the Trust Does It.
Snokane Snokesman-Revlew.
A Spokane jobber can testify that at
least one trust, the salt trust, has sharp
claws beneath the velvet. The Pacific
f?nnflt suit trust haa hoon rnnt--iHlrifT tVta
Spokane market, and forcing local dealers
ana consumers to pay artificial prices
prices above the Eastern rate plus the
frelsrht rate. This Snokanfi lohhnr ns?rt.
ed a somewhat Bhadowy American right to
buy where he could get the product the
cheaper. He sent East for a carload of
cheaner salt, and had nleasant thought
about Increased profits. They were short
lived. The Pacific Coast trust heard of
tnis audacious action and took steps tc
nunlsh this bit of Snokane indpnpnrlpnrp
By easy fiat It put down the price of Its
salt In the Spokane market below the
price at which the audacious jobber can
afford to sell his Eastern stock, and the
result la a loss tq the dealer who brought
In the carload of competitive salt. In
other words, It serves sharp notice on
Spokane dealers that" they will be pun
ished if they assert the time-honored
rignt or buying where they please. T
greater or less extent, this is the under
Ivlnc nrinclDle that animates nil mnnnn
ollce. It Is a vicious influence, and the
American people, will not rest content
uniu iney nave iouna a way of correctln
the growing abuse.
tet Him Be Himself.
New Tork Evenlnsr Post.
Press and Congressional comment on
the President's message leans stronclv
to the view that It doe3 not interfere
with the do-nothing programme which
the party leaders have sketched out for
the winter. Congressmen comfortably
fold their hands, thanking heaven that
Mr. Roosevelt does not seriously mean to
disturb their slumbers. President James
J. Hill cracks his Jokes about the PresI
dent being "level-headed" on the trust
question, and thinks Congress will have
an elegant time passing a law which will
crush "bad" trusts, while leaving the
"good" ones to go on their benevolent
way rejoicing. But we are satisfied that
all this Is to mistake the President's real
hope and purpose. No one could be more
mortified, than he, or politically more
Injured, If all his bold words about
trusts come to exactly nothing at all
Nor will his enthusiastic Western admir
ers, who rose to him and stayed by him
expressly because they thought that he
would force the unwilling Republican
managers to do something to check the
exactions of trusts, be content to accept
the Idea that the whole thing was merely
a campaign hullabaloo, with nopractIcal
result ever intended. To retain their
support, Mr. Roosevelt will have to press
Congress"to action; and to hold in re
serve the threat of an extra session If he
cannot make the legislators budge this
Winter. To suppose that the President
will quietly 'let trust legislation go liy
the board is to suppose that he is willing
to submit himself to a personal and po
litical humiliation deeper than that he
suffered last year in the Cuban business.
CHANGE OF CHURCH NAMES.
Minneapolis Tribune. -Church
names in America are historical
ly cumbrous and complicated, except in a
iw cases wnere me Ameptuu tuuitu
ah Integral part of a universal church.
An the Independent Protestant bodies that
have sprung out of Protestant boaies in
Europe, have to resort to long and clumsy
titles to express, at the same time, their
kinship and their Independence. Then
most of the Protestant churches have
broken up from time to time on geo
graphical lines or ethical questions, es
pecially that of slavery, and the sections
have had to name themselves anew. Some
of these breaches have been closed and
some have not V,
The Episcopal church Is discussing the
wisdom of changing Its ponderous name.
"The Protestant Episcopal Church In the
United States of America" is a tremen
dous mouthful. One almost never hears
it, and rarely ees it in print, except in
formal documents, let it expresses so
precisely the origin and history of the.
church, which was organized here by bish
ops consecrated la England after the Rev
olution, that it is difficult to imagine a
change that would not miss something of
the meaning It is desired to express.
Nevertheless the question of change Is
under discussion. A joint committee ap
pointed, by the last general convention has
a3ked- each convention and -convocation to
be held hereafter to Inform the committee
"whether it does or does not desire that
the name of the Protestant Episcopal
Church in the United States of America
shall be changed at this time, and, If It
does so desire, what name it wishes sub
stituted therefor." These diocesan con
ventions or district convocations are re
quested to communicate the result of ac
tion to the committee before October 1,
1S03.
The result of this inquiry will "bo
watched with curious Interest by members
of the Episcopal church, and of other
churches In like predicament. But we Im
agine that the convocations and conven
tions will find difficulty In agreeing upon
a shorter and simpler name. There Is no
great wealth of suggestion, as yet The
name under doubtful consideration In
some church and secular papers, "The
Church In America," Is beautifully sim
ple, but does not commend Itself other
wise. It has a curious flavor of exclu
slveness and arrogance, wholly unsulted
to this liberal and unassuming body of
religious believers. Whatever new name
may be adopted. If any, we may be quite
certain that this will Jiot We cannot
Imagine any American denomination as
suming a title that suggests belief that
it Is the only church In America.
A Hopefnl View of the Case.
1J
PMcaen Tribune.
Rpvrnl Smith em States have framed!
new constitutions for the sole purpose on
disfranchising the colored voters. Booker
T. Washington takes a novel and wnat
some may consider a sensible view of
such unfriendly constitutions. He finds in
them an incentive to the colored race to
get knowledge and money. He says, "Wa
cannot elevate and make useful a race or
people until there Is held out to them a
hope of reward for right living." Tbe
"hope of reward" in this case Is the suf
frage. "Every revised constitution
throughout the Southern States," says
Mr. Washington, "has put a premium upon
Intelligence, ownership of property, thrjft
and character." If the negro wishes ,to
vote and to stand in this respect on a
level with his white neighbors, he must
learn to read and write, or must get to
gether property enough to entitle him to
the ballot. Until there Is evidence to the
contrary, it must be presumed that a col
ored man who has a right to vote under
a revised constitution will be allowed to
vote. At the last election in South Caro
lina thousands of negroes who are quali
fied electors and have registration tickets
did not go to the. polls. For tho'flrst time
since the negroes got the ballot not one
of them is holding any kind of public of
fice la the state. The lone colored mem
ber of the last Legislature failed of re
election. No bulldozing Is reported, and
apparently the colored men who are qual
ified electors took no Interest In the elec
tion. Nor for that matter did the white
Republicans. In six Congressional dis
tricts the. Republican candidates got only
742 votes. It may be that revised consti
tutions will not do so much to encourage
thrift and Intelligence among the negroes
as Mr. Washington thinks they may.
Increasing; Wages on the Railroads.
Chicago Tribune.
The railway employes of the United
States were paid $610,000,000 during the
year ending June 30, 1901. The Engineer
ing News estimates that $20,000,000 of that
sum represents the salaries paid to offi
cials. Hence If the 10 per cent increase in
wages recently ordered by the Pennsylva
nia road had been ordered by all the roads
2V years ago, the expenses of the roads
for the year 1900-1S01 would have been In
creased $57,000,000. That Increase would
have left the roads with a surplus of $28,
000,000 -after the payment of interest on
bonds and dividends. The actual surplus
was $S7,000,000. The higher wage scale
would have been paid in 1901 without re
ducing dividends. It could not have been
done In 1897, when a 10 per cent Increase
In wages would have cost the roads $45,
000,000. That year the railways paid out
$87,000,000 in dividends and had a surplus of
but $6,000,000. It follows that with the
business the roads are doing now they can
pay higher wages without trenching on
dividends on the one hand or raising
freight rates on the other. It Is true that
a rush of business may necessitate large
outlays on account of rolling stock and
supplies, the prices of which have ad
vanced considerably. Even after making
allowance for 'this It does not seem neces
sary that an advance in wages should be
followed by an extensive advance In rates.
But when traffic falls off, as It will some
time, the higher wages will be apt to eat
Into the dividends If rates are not raised
now, and the railroad managers will have
to make their choice between cutting
down wages, which Is not a pleasant task,
or putting up rates.
A W.inlcle Romance.
Baltimore News.
Little Lucy Likens loved
Dumpy Danny Deaver
His heart hurried humplngly.
Flushed of fervid fever;
Teeny Winkle tickled she
Winkle Teeny tickled he.
Oh! the tender, things they thought.
Where the bright stars twinkled
On their plans for future blis3, j
How the lovers thinkled!'
Teeny Winkle chided she
Weenio Teeny laughed at he!
In a mansion they would live, - ' '
Happy and contented.
Fed In luxury by pa. x
After he'd relented;
Teeny Winkle cuddled she
Winkle Teeny winked at he.
Sixteen horses, a barouche.
Servants and. butler
Cutglass fixings, anJ the knives
From the swellest cutler!
Teeny Winkle sighed for she
Winkle Teeny grabbed at he..
Then they fled, one moonlit night, .
On a car. for fl' cents.
To the preacher's Danny, he
Swift produced his license;
Teeny Winkle swore to she
Winkle Teeny tied to he.
Ah! hia sad, distressing tale'
Must come to an ending
Love and poverty, you see.
Don't agree in blending;
.Teeny Winkle swore at she
Winkle Teeny wept at he.
Sausages and hard tack proved
Not a healthy diet (j
You who doubt It. Just pitch tn
'For yourselves and try It '
Cold Facts bucked and kicked Romance ,
Off behind the crupper,
And they had to. run to get '
Home in time for supper!
Teeny Wink deserted sh
Winkle Teen was sick of he.
NOTE AND COMMENT. .
The postman Is now flip slave of Sa'ntT
Claus. '
f '
When It comes to a pinch, the crab I
all right. I ' . . j
The man whQ Is continually settlni
them up is usually Xond of putting then
down. J
The Street-Cleaning Department shoulr
be equipped with skimmers, instead "d-
brooms.
Christmas trees should be planted soon
In order that thsy may come to maturit;
by the 25th.
The report taat San Francisco's plagu
Is the chicken cholera shows a foul condi
tion of thlnj
The gang that Is continually making
tracks on Mprrlsoa street never seems t
get anywhee. This may be due to th
breakeMn tia pavement.
The weaiher man is working off his olr
stock preparatory to giving Portlanl
lovely skfes and fair winds for the hall
days.
Bostonlls having coal riots, but doubt
less the 'echool teachers of that city w8
hold a meeting and utter enough warn
words about the situation to raise th
temperature.
Heaven be praised! Laziness Is a dls
ease, and there's no known cure for it
and those of us who'ro lazy are to b
pitied and nobody can blame us, and wi
should be helped out as much as possible
Aronft you glad?
The girl who will get up on a steplad
deriurlng the next two weeks and dcllh
erately hold over her head a bit of mis
tletoe while he is at the foot of the lad
der deserves her certain fall, and it I
her own fault If she .drops the preclou
parasite. Observation teaches that bu
few ever let go of It
"r A Judge In Maine has rendered a decls
fan that a wife cannot legally be consid
tred a thief when she steals from he
husband, as man and wife arc one. Unde
this interpretation It may be suppose
that when a man beats his spouse he 1
hurting himself. It reminds' one of th
old story told by mothers when the ma
ternal slipper had been put Into operatlo
as a punitive instrument. The story neve
was a satisfactory explanation, and th
Maine Judge Is possibly mistaken also.
Those who travel on street-cars towan
dinnertime will appreciate this story fror
the New York Mail and Express:
There is a little girl up at Washlngto:
Heights who has correctly apprehende
the situation on Manhattan Island at 1
very tender age. She Is only 4 or 5 year
old, and has just been taught to repea
the Lord's Prayer before going to bed a
night And this Is the way she render
the passage about forgiving those wh
"tresspass against us":
"And forgive us our tres'p'ses as w
forgive those who press up against us."
Heaven knows that we have to forgiv
them, if we travel on the elevated!
The old lady who admired her pasto
becauie he said "Mesopotamia" .so beauti
fully has been outdone by a Broadwa;
office boy.
He jtvasjiot pleased with the Burname 0
Mulligan, to which he was,-condemned
and o when he applied for a new posltio:
In another office ho decided to-glve hlmsel
a new name, and for thl3 purpose bor
rowed what he thought was a name fror
the financial statements which he had t
sort.and file in tho office ln which he wa
lastj employed.
""jVhat Is your name?" inquired th
clerk to whom he made application fo
wofk.
'William Recapitulation," replied th
boj
'That's a funny name," said tho cleri
after he had tho boy repeat It severa
times.
"Don't you vknow General Recapltula
tion?" asked the boy In surprise.
"Never heard ofhlm."
"Why, his name is in all Blank & Co..
Wall street reports."
During the recent street-car strike I'
San Francisco the California-Street Cabl
Railroad was taxed to Its utmost ca
paclty. The cars were so packed that b:
tho time the passenger would be able t
. force his or her way to the rear end t
notify the conductor to stop, one woul
frequently be blocks beyond the propo
destination. -
Ono afternoon, with the rain comln,
down in torrents and more struggling hu
manity than ever clinging to every aval)
'able point of vantage, the conductor, b.
dint of much- elbowing, arrived at th
front and said to the grlpman:
"Say, Jim, stop at Franklin street, wi!
you?"
To which his careworn comrade replied
"Can't do It we're late now."
The conductor looked serious, and final
ly remarked:
"Well, look here, old man, I guess you",
have to! Lady wedged inside there ha
been three round trips with us alreadj
I've forgotten to let her off each time!"
It Is needless to add that on this trl
the unusually patient bit of femlninlt
was permitted to alight at Frankll
street
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Mlgsby JonesV-I prayed fer a sled and a pal
o' skates fer qhristmas, and all I got wus i
Bible and a prayer-book. Reddy Mullins Hu?
ly see! And do you still believe In God?
Puck. Mrs. Hornlhand Mrs. Scrcgglna tells me tha
since that lifry son o' thelrn was throwed ovi
by that Goldsby girl he's been all broke ui
Farmer Hornlhan Yes. I ben secln' his piece
in th paer. Baltimore American.
Miss- Eva So your youngest son is calla
"Eggnog." That's a funny name for a boi
Aunt Hannah-Well, yo' see. mlsis. det culu
woman next doah named her twins "Tom ai
Jerry." an' I didn't want to be outdone.
Chlcago Dally News.
"I tell you." said the Cynical Codger, "th
President's message must have been an awfi
hard task. Just think how hard It must hav
been to resist the temptation of putting 1
jeveral of his bear-hunting stories and cxpt
rlences!" Baltimore Herald.
"No." said Mr. Wu, as he stopped pacing th
deck of the vessel and turned to look at th
shores of America, now fast receding from hi
view. "I can't say I was really a popular ma
In that country- No brand of cigars has ev
Deen named for me." Chicago Tribune
Tcss So their engagement is broken off
jessYe3, they quarreled, and she was in th
wrong. Tess And she wouldn't admit It
Jess No. that was the whole trouble. She di
admit it, and after that he simply became ur
bearable. Philadelphia Press.
Mr. De Style Why have you cut Mrs. Higl
upp "from your list of acquaintances? Mn
De Style They have lost their money. "Wh
says so?" "No one; but I've learned that sh
Is giving her daughters a thorough educatloi
That shows that she wants them to bo school
teachers." New York Weekly.
"I wish," said Senator Sorghum, perislvelj
"that you would refrain from circulating the?
reports that I am willing to pay for votes.'
"Do you deny the charge?" "Tftat has nothln
to do with the case. I don't want cverybod
who mlcht be wllllmr to vote my way free t
feel that he Is wasting1 -wney." Washlngto
Star.