THE MORffING OBEGONIAff, FRIDAY,! DECEMBER 12, 1902.
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PORTLAND, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 12.
There Is not a power south of Mexico
that has treated the United States as
cavalierly as Venezuela has. Her sub
lime Indifference to common interna
tional honesty has also been offensively
displayed toward every great power of
Europe. She contracts debts she has
neither the desire nor the ability to pay,
and virtually tells Great Britain and
Germany that she will do something
concerning her obligations when she
gets good and ready. The case Is not a
fit one for arbitration. It Is one where
the offense justifies sharp procedure that
will produce. If possible, some compre
hension In the South American mind of
what is expected of communities with
pretensions to national sovereignty.
"When President Roosevelt, in his mes
sage, adverted to the propriety of ade
quate policies in Latin America, and de
clared It the duty of each of these petty
powers to "discharge its just obligations
to foreigners," he laid down a proposi
tion that appeals to. the judgment of
every open-minded man, and one that
Venezuela seems in a fair way to re
alize. If Castro would display more
spirit In commercial honor and less in
broils of all sorts, It would be more to
- his credit: and if the Venezuelans would
devote to their honest debts some of the
money they spend to keep from paying
them, civilization would get ahead faster
in that benighted quarter of the world.
Uncle Sam has been entirely too lenient
with the smart-Aleck attitude these
Latin powers have freely occupied
toward him, largely through a desire
to avoid all appearance of aggression.
The present episode may serve a useful
purpose in showing Venezuela the dif
ference between European and Amer
ican consideration for .her, and also in
tempering the solicitude manifested in
Europe, especially in France, for the
poor, suffering little Americas at the
hands of American cupidity.
In spite of all due desire to safeguard
the interests of" Portland in the trans
port controversy, it must be conceded
that the apparent victory of Seattle is
very largely due to superior prowess and
methods of commercial rivalry which,
if not strictly legitimate, are in com
mon use. "We take it that the War De
partment's advertisement for bids found
Seattle neither unwarned nor unpre
pared. She had acted with prudence
and foresight, possibly with sharp prac
tice, while San Francisco and Portland
did nothing. There has never been the
slightest attempt at secrecy in the mat
ter of Secretary Root's earnest purpose
to substitute private contracts for the
transport system. All the warning was
given that the alert business man re
quires in the conduct of ordinary com
mercial life. It is entirely probable that
Mr. J. J. Hill has discussed this matter
repeatedly with persons In authority at
Washington, and that men like Mr.
Frank Waterhouse have let no grass
grow under their feet What they did
for Seattle somebody else could have
done for Portland and for San Fran
cisco, but if there Is any record of such
vigilance and resolution, it has not been'
adduced. It further appears in evidence
that the exact requirements of the War
Department were better understood at
Seattle, but it is not In evidence that
that information would not have been
available to equal promptness and per
sistence from elsewhere. If anybody had
taken the trouble to investigate the
matter fully at Washington as soon as
the bids were called for, all necessary
data could doubtless have been secured.
If Seattle should be confirmed in her ap
parent victory, the outcome would not
be an unmixed evil. It will be some
thing to see the relentless grasp of San
Francisco broken at last. Indirectly, if
not directly, every Northern port, route
and producing area will benefit by the
change.
There Is so much to approve in Fish
Warden Van Dusen's report, printed
yesterday, that we hesitate to point out
its very mischievous attitude toward the
supreme question of overfishing. Be
cause the salmon industry prospers Is
no sign that all safeguards can be
thrown down, and rigid enforcement, of
close seasons is the one thing whose
abandonment would nullify all the other
possible reforms. No infringement on
the present close seasons should be tol
erated. The Spring run has Inadequate
protection as it is. and the Fall pack of
true salmon benefits only the market
men and unscrupulous packers at the
expense of the Industry's permanence
and good fame. We should not strenu
ously oppose Mr. Van Dusen's request
for state appropriations to build hatch
eries if it can be proved necessary; but
we are decidedly of the opinion that the
state should not be called on unless It
can be shown that the salmon industry
has reached the limit "of a not burden
some license system. It seems fitting,
rather, that an industry producing
$2,000,009 a year should contribute, if
more is needed, more than the paltry
511,000 now realized. Why should not a
gillnet, posting a. few hundred dollars
and earning $2500 a season, pay $10 a
year instead of $2 50? Why should not
a seine, earning $5000 to $8000, pay $50 to
$60, instead of $25 to $30? Why should
not a wheel, earning goodness knows
how much, pay $50 to $60, instead of $25?
Difficulties at once appear, of course,
owing to the low Washington schedules
and the tendency of fishermen to take
out licenses In the cheaper market; but
the canners should be made, if possible,
to take this hatchery construction work
upon themselves. We incline to sympa
thize with the suggestion for abolish
ment of the individual license. It prob
ably costs as much to collect it as it
yields, and the lot of the fisherman Is
such as to appeal to all. The Warden's
proposals for more drastic penalties and
restrictions upon wanton destruction of
fish are earnestly to be commended. His
desire for raising the licenses Is good as
far as it goes, and his department
should have whatever money it needs
for efficient work. The most Impressive
thing v about this report Is something
that is cot there namely, the ancient
desire of the gillnetter to drive all other
branches of the Industry out of business.
While the Washington authorities re
port the season as a record-breaker,
Oregon's Warden Is so pleased with the
showing that he offers to prolong the
open season materially without menace
to the fish. This is sufficiently at war
with the historic bogie that traps and
wheels were destroying the salmon. It
is a curious fact that Mr. Van Dusen
has followed the same line of develop
ment in this matter that Was observed
by the late H. D. McGuire. Close sea
sons and hatcheries enough, it appears,
will do the wark.
Let us grant, for sake of argument,
that the anthracite operators In a given
district pay for some 100,000 tons, more
or less, of dirt which they are unable to
sell. This modifies very much the fa
miliar contention that the miners suffer
by reason of false weights; butMf the
disadvantage really lies with the op
erators instead of with the miners, is
not this, excellent reason for dissatisfaction-with
the present arrangement? If
the operators will not concede that the
miners really believe themselves to be
cheated, they must at least admit that
the present weighing process enables the
miners to maintain a most persistent
and disagreeable contention of unfair
treatment. In other words, the answer
to the miners' complaint on this score
simply overshoots the mark. If the
weight scale in vogue gives the miners
too much pay, then It is satisfactory to
neither side, and nothing further Is
needed as to its entire unfitness. It will
probably be said that no other method
is available, and while that may be true,
nobody can be expected to believe It, so
long as the entire wage system of the
anthracite region Is In a condition
provocative of little but confusion, mis
understanding and cross purposes, with
no alleviatory efforts from the mlneown-
ers except stubbornness and recrimina
tion. It is not In the Interests of peace
and prosperity to maintain a system
that gives multiplied cause for bitter
controversy. Worse yet, It Is bad busi
ness policy. We should say that one of
the very highest qualifications in a large
employer of labor Is the ability to keep
his men at work faithfully and cheer
fully. Vengeance is comforting but
costly. Hot words butter no parsnips,
less, Indeed, than fine ones. The Penn
sylvania mineowners have yet to learn
the value of that enormous resource
cheerful and contented labor.
CU3IMINS OX RECIPROCITY.
With the general tenor of Governor
Cummins' masterly speech at Detroit" we
are In full accord. His plea for rational
as. opposed to hysterical contemplation
of the tariff is simply unanswerable.
He Is also sound In the position that
reciprocity does not fill the bill for tariff
revision. The two fields are distinct,
not only in origin, but in application.
One seeks markets, the other justice,
and all the reciprocity treaties ever ne
gotiated would probably leave some of
the worst features of- the tariff un
touched. We think, however, that Governor
Cummins exaggerates reciprocity, in its
nature, its capacity and its possibility o
achievement. To us the desire of cer
tain protected manufacturers for exten
sion of sales through reciprocity treaties
appears no fitter for panegyric than the
desire of certain other protected manu
facturers to retain the home market mo
nopoly through tariff perpetuation. The
capacity of the pending treaties for fa
cilitating trade is probably overestimat
ed by all concerned, and Governor Cum
mins should not persuade himself into
the idea that they can to any extent
whatever mitigate the demand for recti
fication of improper schedules. On the
whole, It savors something of dishon
esty to demand these specific treaties In
the name of tariff reform.
If there were no other ground upon
which to pronounce the reciprocity agi
tation a wasted labor. It Is the plainest
thing In the world that nothing what
ever can come of It. The withdrawal of
the treaty with Santo Domingo, at Its
own request, leaves the French treaty
practically alone as an issue. The ones
with Argentina and Bermuda have
lapsed, and four of the minor ones have
been now withdrawn. 'Our affairs with
Cuba fall Into a class by themselves, and
the connection of Newfoundland's con
vention with the general topic is very re
mote. Remains the treaty with France,
and to this and this alone must be ap
plied the Iowa man's appeals, as well as
the declaration for reciprocity in the
President's message. It Is practically
Impossible to get this French treaty
ratified. Sincere tariff reformers can
support it but half-heartedly, as it is
little better than a high-tariff wolf in
fair-tariff sheep's clothing. Influential
interests in New England and on the
Pacific Coast oppose it bitterly. This
leaves it without other ardent support
than the manufacturers who hope to
benefit by It, and they are greatly out
numbered by those manufacturers who
turn as pale at the name reciprocity as
they do at the suggestion of tariff pecca
bility. If the French treaty, then, is doomed,
what is the use of Governor Cummins,
or any other man, talking about reci
procity? Well, there Is this use, that
every speech for reciprocity has some
educational effect, however small, upon
the people, In the .direction of sound
economics., TO advocate reciprocity is
to advocate tariff changes, albeit cir
cuitous and prompted by private Inter
ests. Every reciprocity treaty negoti
ated,, reported, debated, tends by some
thing to disturb the ostrich-like eecur-
Ity of those who wish to "let the tariff
alone" now and through all eternity.
Reciprocity has done a great work and
has work yet to do, though no treaty
may ever be ratified. It has brought
new forces into action on. the side of
honest tariff schedules.
DOMESTIC SCIENCE.
Among the educational efforts that
have been, evolved from the .minds and
energies of practical women in this city,
aided financially by practical men, is
the School of Domestic Science. Indeed,
though thi9 school has been but recently
established, it takes rank In usefulness
and -purpose with the older of the prac
tical philanthropies to ' which, without
crippling their usefulness by a too free
handed charity, a generous public con
tributes from time to time.
It may be assumed that no thoughtful
housekeeper In this city will question
the need of a school In which girls and
young women can receive training in
domestic science, or lhat particular
branch of this science which deals with
cookery. Persons do not naturally, sim
ply because they are born to be women,
know how to cook and keep house. Ac
cepting the affirmative of this proposi
tion as proven, girls from the middle or
working class are turned out to domestic
service without any special equipment
beyond that which they have picked ud.
perhaps In homes without appliances for
cooking and housekeeping according to
modern methods. Housekeepers hire
these girls to do their work only to
awaken to the fact that they cannot do
It satisfactorily. Disappointment follows
and a clash ensues. The problem of do
mestic, service is declared to be without
possible solution, and the experience of
another sorely tried housewife is ad
duced in proof of the assumption.
Much inconvenience and annoyance as
mistresses of homes and families suffer
from t,his state of affairs, the girls
themselves are the real objects of sym
pathy. The worker who understands
what In required In return for the wages
that he or she receives, and who is con
scientiously willing and practically ca
pable of performing the service, has
absolute control of the labor situation aa
far as he or she Is concerned. The In
dependence of the farmer's vocation is
proverbial, though, generally speaking,
the farmer's wife Is the most hoDeless
drudge on earth. But this independence
is not greater than that of the skilled
laborer, especlaly if such laborer is a
woman well versed In the arts of domes
tic science. The best homes In the land
seek her services. She occupies or may
occupy comfortable quarters in one of
them, become indispensable to the com
fort of the Inmates and receive good
wages. To be sure, there are houses
that are not homes, and mistresses de
void of the graces of patience, sympa-
tny ana dignity, without which woman
hood is a coarse or petty sham. But
there are enough homes In which kind
ness and consideration reign to give em
ployment to an army of young women
who (having been taught) know how fo
do cooking and general housework.
inousands of such homes in every city
of the land are In need of conmetent
service in these lines of distinctively
woman's work." Those who maintain
them are able and willing to pay ade
quate wages for such service. This Is
one of the vocations in which the supply
is never equal to the demand. To sav
that the supply cannot be brought up to
the demand is folly. Certainly this can
not be done by meeting Ignorance in the
domestic field with railing and arraign
ing unwise because untaught workers as
exasperatingly Incompetent. The rem
edy, as for every other form of ignor
ance In the field of labor, lies In proper
instruction given systematically and
with practical demonstrations. This the
School of Domestic Science has under
taken to do, and if it does not succeed
it will be because the public, and espe
cially that portion of it that is more im
mediately in touch with the science of
home-making, is indifferent to the ad
vantages that are to be derived from
such instruction.
NOT OUR QUARREL.
W. Hampton Smith thinks the quarrel
of Venezuela Is "our quarrel and that
we should stand by Venezuela," It Is
not our quarrel at all; It is none of our
business whether or not Great Britain
and Germany have acted with Indecent
haste in their methods employed to
make Venezuela pay her debts unless
they proceed to the extremity of seiz
ing the territory of Venezuela. Then,
under the Monroe Doctrine, we should
Interfere. President Cleveland demand
ed of Great Britain that she arbitrate
the boundary question with Venezuela,
because that was a matter that involved
the acquisition of territory, and under
the Monroe Doctrine the United States
had at least tfie technical right of In
terference under the Monroe Doctrine.
But the question of the methods which
Great Britain employs to collect her
debts has nothing to do with the Monroe
Doctrine unless an attempt is made to
acquire territory to satisfy the claim.
The action of Great Britain in bull
dozing a small, weak power is no more
reprehensible than the action of our
Government under President Harrison
toward Chile, when we should have had
war but for the efforts of Secretary
Blaine to alleviate the situation. Our
Government was Justified In Its action,
for Chile was backward in making apol
ogy and reparation for the assault upon
our seamen by a Valparaiso mob, but
the disparity between the military
power and, financial resources" of the
United States and those of Chile, then
fresh from a civil war, was quite as dis
proportionate as the difference between
the power of Great sBrltain and that of
Venezuela. The powers of Europe can
collect their debts of Venezuela without
any violation of the Monroe Doctrine,
so long as they do not seize and appro
prlate its territory. We could, If we felt
strong enough, send a fleet to Europe,
seize the Turkish Custom-Houses on the
Mediterranean In order to coerce the
Sultan into payment of our American
claims. It is no more our business
whether Great Britain's methods are.
"marked by indecent and selfish haste"
than it was Great Britain's business
whether we were too peremptory with
Chile.
So far as The Hague tribunal Is con
cerned, it only considers International
disputes which may be presented by the
consent of all the parties in interest
It is purely a voluntary agreement. If
Great Britain, Germany and Venezuela
should agree to refer their claims to The
Hague tribunal, as did the United States
and Mexico in the matter of the so
called "Pious fund," that tribunal would
sit in judgment; but you cannot force
these powers to a hearing before the in
ternational tribunal any more than you
could force Great Britain to arbitrate
the controversy out of which grew the
Boer War. The Hague tribunal merely
facilitates an Immediate recourse to ar
bitration for international differences if
the interested parties are willing to arbi
trate. The United States qualified its
signature to The Hague treaty of arbi
tration by the following declaration:
Nothing: contained in this convention shall be
so .construed as to require the United States. o
America to depart from its traditional policy
of. not Intruding upon. Interfering "with, or en
tangling Itself in thn nnllttrnl niiovttnnq nr In.
ternal administration of any foreign state; nor
shall anything contained In said convention be
so construed as to reaulre the relinquishment
oy me united .States of America of Its tradi
tional attitude toward purely -American ques
tions. ' "
This Is a plain announcement that
while the United States will not Inter
fere with the Internal administration of
foreign powers, the United States will
continue to uphold the Monroe Doctrine,
which, prohibits further European ex
pansion on the American Continent Ar
ticle 27 of this treaty says: "The signa
tory powers may consider it their duty
to call attention to the existence of the
permanent court to any of their friends
between whom a conflict is threatening,
which must always be regarded as a
tender of good offices." The United
State's, Germany and France are among
the powers signatory to this treaty,
while Venezuela is not, but there is no
possible way by which, the judgment of
this international tribunal could be ob
tained except It be Invoked by the agree
ment of Great Britain and Germany
with Venezuela. The United States can
not fairly demand a hearing before any
court of arbitration for this quarrel ex
cept the Monroe Doctrine be violated by
the occupation of territory on this conti
nent by a foreign power. In that case
theUnited States would simply be main;
talnlng her traditional attitude under
the Monroe Doctrine regarding foreign
expansion of territory on this continent.
It would not be an attempt to deny the
right of foreign powers to coerce Vene
zuela Into paylnj? its debts. The arbi
tration of the Venezuela boundary ques
tion was not demanded or obtained by
us upon any other ground save the sin
gle one that It Involved a question of
possible territorial expansion by a for
eign power on this continent In con
tempt of the Monroe Doctrine1. The con
sent of Great Britain to arbitrate this
question on this ground of appeal Im
plied no consent on her wart to arbitrate
all matters of dispute hereafter with
Venezuela. We have never pretended
that we had any right to demand arbi
tration in matters whicH concern the In
ternal government and financial obliga
tions of Venezuela. Outside the Monroe
Doctrine we do not Interfere. '
The New Hampshire constitutional
convention, now in session at Concord,
will consider, among other Important
questions, a proposed reduction in the
membership of the' lower house of the
Legislature. The New Hampshire House
of Representative's averages about 400
members, while the Senate has but 24
members.. As the state has but 411,583
population, there is one Representative
to nearly each 1000 of population. Any
town or ward of a city in New Hamp
shire having 600 population Is entitled to
one representative In the lower house
of the Legislature, and another Repre
sentative for each 1200 additional popu
lation. Towns having less than 600 pop
ulation are given representation for such
time as their population Is proportionate
to 600. The City of Manchester, with
50,000 population, has 49 Representatives,
and Nashua, with 24,000 population, has
20 Representatives. On the other
hand, in the State of Connecticut, which
retains the system of town representa
tion, New Haven, with 108,000 popula
tion, and Hartford, with 80,000, have no
more representation than some towns
with only 200 or 300 population. New
Hampshire ought to reduce her clumsy
Legislature 'to the dimensions of that of
new states like Oregon and Washington.
The sunshine of yesterday morning
lasted for a short time only, but there
were no deaths by freezing and the
roses are still blooming In many Port
land yarda The tales of snow storms,
blizzards and death by freezing beyond
the Rockies are enough to cause a shudder-
even In this balmy climate. Oregon
may still be out on the fringe of civili
zation as It is understood In the effete
East, but no one will ever freeze to
death In any of our cities and towns.
It Is difficult, in fact impossible, for a
native Oregonlan fully to realize the dis
comforts of a Winter In a land where
frost and snow reign for four or five
months In the year. Perhaps If the na
tive Webfoot had a better realization of
the suffering that Is endured In Winter
over on the Atlantic Slope, he might
take more interest in inducing some of
the frostbitten Easterners to come West
and grow up with the country.
In December, 1861, when Spain, France
and Great Britain occupied Vera Cruz
for the purpose of enforcing the claims
of their subjects against Mexico, we did
not even make a formal protest. When
Corlnto was occupied by a British force
In order to compel the payment of a
debt by Nicaragua, President Cleveland
made no remonstrance, and in face of
these precedents we cannot well object
to Great Britain's seizure of the port of
La Guayra, whose Custom-House is one
of the principal sources of revenue for
the Caracas government. Great Britain
and Germany are doing to Venezuela
exactly what France threatened to do
to Turkey when she sent an ultimatum
concerning 'the payment of her claims
and directed her fleet to start for
Smyrna, Turkey's principal port on the
coast of Asia -Minor. Germany and
Great Britain will hold the Venezuelan
Custom-Houses until the receipts from
them have defrayed their claims, or
President Castro makes a satisfactory
settlement. There is no ground for ap
prehension .that any territorial aggran
dizement Is intended. We do not un
dertake to guarantee the debts of Vene
zuela, but if any European power under
the pretext of collecting those debts
should attempt to treat Venezuela" as
France treated Mexico, we should
promptly interfere. Under the present
situation we cannot do anything beyond
some such tender of good offices be
tween friends as Presdent McKlnley
offered In the matter of- the British and
the Boers.
The purchase of large tracts of stand
ing timber by the bJg lumber manufac
turers Is a comparatively new feature in
the lumber Industry In this and our
neighboring states,, and marks a new
era in the business. The day of the
hand logger on any of the big streams
of the North Pacific has long gone by,
and in most localities the bull team?
have been supplanted by the donkey en
gine and wire cable, or by logging rail
roads equipped with up-to-date rolling
sstock. Now the logger himself Is in a
fair way to lose his identity, for under
the new order of things the sawmill
owners will seek to escape the middle
man's profit on the raw material and the
logging camp will become a part of the
mill system and will be operated in con
nection with the mills.
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS
The Country Saved Again.
Eugene- Register.
Our country Is safe so long as the
farmer boy continues to marry his neigh
bora daughter. Love of home environ
ment is the safeguard ,of the Nation.
Conld Find No Better Man.
Eugene Register.
The President will appoint John Bar
rett Minister to Japan to succeed Minis
ter Buck, deceased. Thus Oregon is again
bonored and a better man could not have
been found for the place.
Give Oklahoma a Show.
Albany Democrat
As Oklahoma with Indian Territory
when admitted will have four . Congress
men, twice as many as Oregon, it is about
time she was given a show. Let Arizona
and New Mexico have their rights also,
all regardless of politics.
President Tickles Wheeler County.
Fossil Journal.
The part of President Roosevelt's mes
sage that Interests Wheeler County most
Is its reference to the tariff. Had our
sheepmen written that part of the mes
sago themselves they could not have
made it more to their liking.
Nonexistent Chances Not Affected.
Canyon City Eagle.
It must be admitted that Governor
Geer used excellent judgment when he
refused to call an extra session of the
Legislature- at the demand of a few peo
pie of Portland. The Governor by his
refusal did not help his chances to be
elected United States Senator, for ho
never had any chance to be elected to
that Important office, but he did for once
do something that pleased a large major
ity of the people of the state.
Activity Killed the Pet Measure.
Canyon City Eagle.
Through the pernicious activity of some
members of the Oregon Woolgrowers' As
sociation in matters affecting the future
of certain Eastern Oregon counties, they
have, unintentionally, of course, killed
their pet measure, the scalp bounty
scheme. That measure, which was en
tirely in the Interest of the sheepmen and
which to .some extent served Its purpose,
has not a, ghost of a show to be re-enacted
at the coming session of the Legislature.
Did His Work Well.
CorvalHs Gazette.
The death of ex-Speaker T. B. Reed
will creato wide regret. For lpng he wa3
a public llgure standing In a strong Hgnt.
His honesty, his high courage, his quick
wit and his strong common sense were
his marked characteristics. He did his
work well. In this will be found his
greatness. History will not mark him
as a statesman, even of mediocre degree,
but she will record his life as a bright
example of what poor American boys
may accomplish.
Either Fish or Cut Bait.
Dallas Times-Mountaineer.
Congressman Tongue has had the char
acter of every land official In his district
washed whiter than snow. He called on
Secretary Hitchcock the other day and
got a statement from him that none of
the officers for whose appointment Mr.
Tongue Is responsible Is under suspicion.
Will Secretary Hitchcock be good enough
now to either give the other Land Office
officials In Oregon a clear certificate of
character, or make open charges against
those upon whom he has cast reflections?
Will Cannon Take Off His Collar?
Boise Statesman.
It has been a habit with Representa
tive Cannon to take off his collar when
getting into a warm debate In the House.
Since he is to be elevated to the position
of Speaker, it is to be hoped he will
practice reform on himself, as Jt would
not look well for the Speaker to tear off
the collar from his neck. It has never
been charged that he would not -"keep
his shirt on," but if he sTiould remove
the collar while behind the Speaker's
desk the country would feel that there
was no telling what might happen if he
should really get excited.
Wishes It Uad Been More.
Pendleton Tribune.
Tho transcontinental railroads have
contributed $50,000 to the Lewis and Clark
Centennial, which seems to be much ap
preciated by the Fair directors. Two of
them will spend more In the lobbies of
Olympla this Winter. The railroads will
receive a large share of the profits of such
a fair and though cheap rates will be
made, $50,000 will be but a drop in the
bucket to what they will receive during
the Fair and the permanent Increase of
traffic that will come to. them through the
effects of the Centennial on the develop
ment of the West Of course Portland
must say thank you, but we of the outside
can be discourteous enough to complain
because the gift was not $100,000.
Fair Assuming Proportions.
Eugene Register.
The railroads entering Portland have
just subscribed $50,000 to the Lewis and
Clark Fair fund. This Is a liberal contri
bution from that source, and will tend
to stimulate Interest In the big enter
prise. The Fair is beginning to take on
gigantic proportions, and if the general
Government Is liberal enough to give us
$2,000,000, this added to the $500,000 sub
scribed by Portland and others together
with $500,000 from, the state will bo a
long step In the direction of a fair that
will reflect credit upon the Nation. It
will aid too in securing several millions
from other states Interested in the suc
cess of 4he Northwest. Oregon should lend
Its united support and approval to the
Fair. That will go far toward giving
other states sufficient confidence in the
undertaking to give it National aid and
support
Nation Better for His Having: Lived.
Whatcom Rovllle.
Thomas Bracket Reed has passed away.
With his death the Nation lcees one of the
foremost characters in its history. At one
time In line for the Presidency, he was
forced to surrender his ambition, not for
tho lack of ability, but because of those
peculiar political conditions that arise at
times and compel able men to stand aside.
Mr.. Reed would have undoubtedly made
a good executive and would have served
the country faithfully and efficiently. As
Speaker of the House of Representatives
he worked a wonderful reform In that
body, and order and method reigned where
chaos had existed. After a long and event
ful career Mr. Reed left public life to
make his living by the practice of his
profession. He was comparatively a poor
man when he entered the public service
and was in much the same condition when
he left It He retired to private life beloved
by his fellow man. The Nation Is better
for his havlnff lived.
Recognition for the Pacific Coast.
Ashland Tidings.
The President has announced his In
tention of appointing John Barrett, form
erly of Portland, as Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary to Tokio,
Japan, vice the late Alfred E. Buck, of
Georgia, who died suddenly at his post
last ween, 'me appointment will give
credited to the State of Oregon two high
members of the diplomatic service, for ex
Governor William P. Lord is Envoy Ex
traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
of the United. States at Buenca Ayres,
Argentine Republic. Mr. Barrett was)
during the last Cleveland Administration,
the Minister Resident and ConsulGeneral
of the United States at Bancrkok. Slam.
and at the present time he Is In the Orient
as commissioner or the St Louis Exposi
tion. Mr. Barrett has been an active can
didate for the post In Pekln. It Is re
ported that Senator Hanna and others
have filed strong protests against the ap
pointment of Mr. Barrett, and If they are
effective In bringing about a reconsidera
tion of the President's announced inten
tions some other Pacific Coast man mav
get the Japan plum.. . '
WHAT "IMPERIALISM" MEANS.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
In the current Issue of the Annals o the
American Academy, the Commissioner of
Education, Mr. Lindsay, tells what Amer
ican "Imperialism" la doing for the educa
tion of the people of Porto Rico.
Spain left In Porto Rico no school build
ings (Owned by the pdbllc. Under American
rule 40 public buildings have been erected,
14 more are under constructl6n, and others
will be put up as fast as revenues will per
mit. There were on June 20, 1902, 874
schools In 601 buildings, with 911 teachers,
as against only 538 schools on December
21. JE97, under Spanish rule.
There were about 350,000 children of
school ase in Porto Rico. In the 53S
schools under Spain the enrollment on De
cember 31, 1SS7, was 22,265. Children whose
parents were able were required to pay
fees. As these fees went to the teachers,
they were collected. There was no uniform
course of study and the teachers were al
most wholly untrained. There were but
two School Supervisors in the whole island,
and their chief, duty was to see that the
children knew their catechism.
In the S74 schools held during the year
1901-2 there were 40,993 pupils, none of
whom had to pay fees. A graded course
of study has been adopted, and the best
text books and supplies obtainable are
furnished. There are 1G Supervisors mak
ing monthly visits to every school. Of the
911 teachers, 90 were trained" In American
normal schools. A large Normal School
has been built and la supplying trained
teachers as rapidly as possible. The mu
nicipalities are required to devote 15 per
cent of all taxes to education and may.
In addition, levy a special school tax on
all real and personal property.
With all that has been done and can be
done with present resources, the reduction
of illiteracy is deplorably slow. There are
at least 300,000 children who ought to be
In school, but not over 50.000 can be ac
commodated. To furnish buildings, equip
ment and teachers for all would cost $3,
000,000 annually, or 50 per cent more then
the Island's total revenue. Mr. Lindsay
estimates that $650,000 a year is all Porto
Rico can possibly afford to spend. It Is
spending $532,000 this year. Porto Rico
needs and could profitably spend at least
$500,000 more thia year on more American
teachers, better equipment, industrial
schools, enlargement of normal school,
and rural school buildings.
The National Government aided the
common schools here at home by grants
of public lands. That cannot be done
In Porto Rico, for there are no public
lands. The President, under the discre
tion given him by Congress, has already
aided the Porto Rico schools, to the amount
of $250,000. In order to wipe out illiteracy
and thus bring Porto. Rico up to the
standards of an American community, It
Is evidently necessary that Congress make
appropriations to provide the material
plant the buildings and equipment. As
Mr. Lindsay says: "250,000 children out of
school, who should be in school, Is a
serious problem and weighs heavily upon
the public conscience."
"Imperialism" means for us that we
must give more than we have been giving
to educate and elevate peoples long de
nied and oppressed. But it means for
those people education and enlightenment
and civilization. That Is what American
"Imperialism" means to the people of
Porto Rico, and that Is what it will con
tinue to mean to them, and' to the Fili
pinos, and in due time to every child
under the American flag.
It must mean that, for In these Its chil
dren, whether In New York or Porto Rico.
whether In Illinois or Luzon, are the
future and the safety of the republic.
And Yet He Slurried.
New Tork American.
Th' raison I nlver got marrid was I
nlver cud pick a choice. I've th makln
lv an exclllint ol' Turk in me, f'r I look
on al th' sect as Illigable f'r me hand
an I'm on'y resthralned fr'm r-rentln'
Lincoln Park f'r a home an' askln them
all to clave on'y to me, be me nachral
modesty an' th' laws in th' State iv Illi
nye. Mr. Dooley on a Bachelor's Life.
If a man's done ahnything in his youth
that he has' to do pinnance f'r an' th'
stations Iv th cross ain't" strong enough,
lave him, says I, marry as manny women
as he wants, but anny time ye hear iv
me bein .dhrawn fr'm th quite miseries
iv single life ye may know they have
caught me asleep an' chloroformed me.
Mr. Dooley on Polygamy.
A man In pollytlcs has got to be mar
rid. If he ain't marrid where'U he go f'r
another kind Iv'throuble? Ye nlver see
a big man In pollytlcs that dhrank hard
did ye? That's because they're all mar
rid! Th temptation's sthrong, but fear
Is sthronger. Mr. Dooley on Marriage and
Politics.
If a man can't show down a bank ac
count that wud mak Andrew Carnaygle
feel like goln' back to wurruk he might
as well make up his mind to remain a
gay bachelor. A marrid man can always
find wurruk to do. He's got to. Mr.
Dooley on Financial Needs In latrlmony.
"Above -all things, a woman mustn't
marry a janlus. A flure-walker perhaps;
a janlus nlver."
"Ye know a lot about marredge, but ye
was nlver marrid," said Mr. Hennessy.
"No," said Mr. Dooley. "No, say I,
givin' three cheers. I know about mar
redge th' way an asthronomer knows
about th stars." Mr. Dooley on the
Home Life of Geniuses.
Clerkship Abuses Everywhere.
New York Evening Post
A Legislature without enough "session
Jobs" to go even once around among its
members is. Indeed, in pitiable el raits.
Doubtless the Wisconsin Legislature did
not realize when It passed a law reduc
ing the clerical force of the Senate and
Assembly that this measure would leave
some members of the majority party
without a rag of patronage. Yet at the
very time when constituents aro making
life miserable for the members-elect,
with their appeals for appointments to
some position at the capital, the awful
fact is discovered that there are 77 Re
publican Assemblymen and only 48 posi
tions to be filled. Who are to be the
empty-handed 29? The Senators managed
things better, and saw to it that there
should be at least one clerk or messenger
for every Senator to appoint as he saw
fit It Is, of course, a trivial consideration
that tmder the new law 18 typewriters
and copyists will do the work of 35 under
the old regime, that the sergeant-at-arms
will have only 34 assistants Instead of
55, and that the saving In legislative ex
penses will be fully 50 per cent
Life's Chnngreful Phases.
Shanghai Times.
He used to go In sockless-guise, and praise the
workingman;
He'd weep about poor labor's woes and for the
future plan;
He'd vow the country eoon would be in awful
ruin plied.
And that the prosoect was so bad It simply
drove him wild.
But now he laughs at all those fears; has silk
hose for his feet
You see, he saw the way to turn
A little
Deal In wheat.
He used to go the country round, and shout
predictions dire;
As Jonah did at Nineveh, he warned of coming
flre;
He swore the land was heading In a most de
structive path.
And sprained his epiglottis with his warning
cry of wrath.
But now no more hl3 prophecies of trouble
seethe and boll
Tho world is running very well
He turned a
Trick In oil.
It Is the way with all of us. The world 13 very-
dark.
"When some one else has found the match that
makes the cheering spark;
"When some one else Is riding, where we .simply
have to walk.
It causes culto a lot of thl3 woe-and-destruc-
tlon talk.
But all the way is rosy, and the combs with
honey drlD.
"When soma Insider shows us how
To profit
By a tip.
j NOTE AND COMMENT.
'A fireplace
A square meal soda crackers.
Memory, like conscience, is a hard mas
ter. The usual excuse offered a woman a
man.
The gamblers are In favor of an open
Winter.
It comes hard, but we must have it
anthracite.
The altar of friendship Is where one
sacrifices his best friend.
Venezuela finds that each revolution
brings It nearer destruction.
It is the old question: Shall we have a
Christmas tree or hang .up our stockings?
Proverbs are- the conversational staple
cf the man who never could find things
out for himself.
President Castro has a better idea of
what a naval demonstration is than he
formerly had.
There are many different ways of rais
ing the wind but the least successful la to
blow about oneself.
From all reports, there are enough war
ships in Venezuelan waters to guard the
course for a yacht race.
Scientists tell us there are 24,000,000 bac
teria in one pound of cherries. This looks
bad for the girl with cherry lips.
Can anybody explain why the man who
prides himself on saying what he thinks
never thinks anything pleasant?
President Roosevelt may now have
plenty of holiday reading In the com
ments of the press on his message.
No wonder the weather man looks
sheepish when he sees the fleecy clouds
going In flocks In spite of his efforts.
It Is reported that a chorus girls union
has been formed. This will give them. It
Is supposed, better footing on the stage.
Now that gold has been discovered on
the streets of Indianapolis the lot of the
street contractor will be even more vel
vety than before.
According to observation, most ot the
women are doing their Christmas shop
ping this week. Next week they will do
their Christmas buying.
The gamblers are displaying much pub
lic spirit. They think they can pay all
the taxes. But of a certainty they must
first collect them. From,whom?
The New York American asks editorial
ly: "Why Is New York doomed to per
petual dirt?" The yellow journals seem
to be responsible fcr part of this doom.
If there are many more stories told of
starving miners being put to the door
with their families, the public will begin
to think that the operators have hearts of
anthracite.
What Is described as "the best portrait
of Martin Luther In existence" has Just
been discovered In Wittenberg. Now, how
do they know It Is so good a likeness?
Possibly it was a speaking likeness.
While the East Is wrapped In snow and
praying for coal, Portland slumbers
peacefully in her valley and demands
nothing of heaven but a continuance -f
present conditions with, perhaps, a slight
improvement In the streets.
In Roland B. Mollneux's new book one
may read and catch a glimpse of the tor
tures this man endured. It it not health
ful, it is not a story that will appeal to
all, but here and there the unfortunate
man strikes a chord In the human heart
that does not vibrate often. The" face of
death most evidently brought no rest to
this man, and the very words seem to
flinch from telling the utter truth. Yet,
taken as a unit, it displays more vividly
than any other modern work the simplic
ity of fear. For that It Is valuable, and
also for tho testimony it bears to the
bravery of the author.
It would be most Interesting to know
why people are so wild to see the news
every morning as soon as they get out of
bed. Is It because yesterday's news was
bad and they hope for better" today? Is
it for comfort? Or for entertainment?
Or for Instruction? "Why do more men
and women desire to read the record of
one suicide than can be induced to listen
to the. President's message? Perhaps it Is
mere human Interest, the ancient longing
for the horizon. Possibly we all of us
are peering Into the future, and we read
our own course by tho experience of
others.
Senator SImcn, ot Oregon, Is the only
man in the Senate who is shorter than
Senator Spooner. The Wisconsin Senator
Is Inclined to be touchy about his stature.
A short time ago he was sitting reading a
hook In his committee-room, when Dr.
Heenan. Consul at Odessa, was brought
In by a friend for an introduction. Hee
nan is a giant, G feet 4 Inches tall and
broad across the shoulders. When Sen
ator Spooner arose to be presented, Hee
nan looked down on him and said:
"And this Is Senator Spooner?"
"Great Scott!" flared Spooner, "you
don't think every United States Senator
must be 17 feet tall, do yon?"
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPIIERS.
At the Club.-Caller-Is Mr. Winnerton In?
Butler-I think he is, sir; but I can't say Ju3t
how much, as tho game Is not over.-Baltlmoro
American.
Mrs. Loveydovey (gushingly-I never express
a wish that I do not know Fred will gratify.
Mrs. Cutting (sweetly)-That Is where you are
clever. Judge.
Janltor-You can't occupy this flat. Would
Be Tenant-Why not? Wo have only nine
dogs. "Oh. all right. I thought you had chil
dren." Life.
Biggs It strikes me that tho fool-klller Is
neglecting his buiness. DIggs He's kept
pretty busy. I suppose, but you might send
him your address. Chicago Daily News.
Dicer They tell me Fred has been playing
the races. Knlckleby He thought he was; but
It turned out that the fellows at the races
were working Fred. Boston Transcript.
Teacher Bessie, name one bird that is now
extinct. Llttlo Bessie Dick! Teacher Dick?
What sort of a bird is that? Little Besste
Our canary the cat extlncted him! Puck.
Relative You have put up a stove In this
room. I see. Hostess (who lives nl a steam
heated flat) Yes. that Is so baby won't catch
cold when he touches the steam pipes. New
York Weekly.
"Do you think that the theatrical profession
leads to unhappy marriages?" "I have never
been able to decide," answered the manager,
"whether a stage career leads to divorce or
divorce lead3 to a stage career." Washington
Star.
"I think I know," said the amateur gun
ner, after his fifth straight miss, "why thos
birds are called 'ducks. " "What's that,
sir?" answered the guide. "Because they duck
out of the way every time a fellow shoots."
Philadelphia Press.
The Housing Problem. First Lady They tell
me thae Corpyratlon hooses Is to be awfu
chape twa room an' kitchen for twelve poun'
ten. Bit they're to hae nae bath. Second
Lady Nae bath! Ma , an' whit are we to
dae wi oor coals? Glasgow Evening Tlmes
J