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THE MORNING OREGOMaN, WEI5NESDAyC i)ECE3tIBER 3,.
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JeOIwTLAND, IV E D X E S D AY, DEC. 3.
,4T
- ASPECTS OF THE MESSAGE.
Alaska should have a delegate In Congress.
In battle the only shots that count arc the
shots- that hit.
Insistence on the Impossible means delay In
achieving the possible.
A good Novy Is sot a provocative of war; it
is the surest guarantee of peace.
No independent Nation in America need have
the slightest fear of aggression from the
TJnlted Slates.
The first and most Important step toward the
ebeorption of the Indian Is to teach him to
can his llvlaz.
Owrs is r.nt the cred of the weakllne and the
oowar.ch ours Is the pospel of hope and triumphant.-
-endeavor.
EiiMU'lty can do no harm to "the honest cor
poration: and wc need not b? overtender about
sparing the dishonest corporation.
It is often necessary for laboring men to
wrk In federations, and these have bocome
intRortnnt factors of modem industrial life.
Wo should always fearlessly Insist upon our
rights In the face of the strong, and we should
with ungrudging hand do our generous duty by
the wfak
KanVa arc the natural servants of commerce,
and upon thorn should be placed, as far as
practicable, the burden of furnishing and main
taining' a circulation.
;iass animosity in the political world Is, if
posjiDie. oven morf wicked. c-en more de
structive to National welfare, than sectional,
race or reltlous animosity.
It may be questioned whether anywhere else
fa modem times the world has seen a better
example of real constructive statesmanship
tnan our poonle have given in the- Philippine
Islands.
We are familiar with President Roose
velt as one of resolute purpose and tire
less energy. Thi9 message discovers?
bim also as the man of -affairs. We are
reminded at how many points his ca
reer has tduched the things of which
he-write.'.'. When he talks of the Army we
remember the Rough- Riders; or of the
Navy, we think of his Assistant Secre
taryship and the 'dispatch to Dewey. His
service for civil service reform and mu
nicipal betterment is recalled by his
discussion of a merit system in the Con
sular service. When he talks about the
evils of forest denudation, we are re
minded of his studies in "The Winning
of the West" He has roamed the West
ern plains that he wants to ose irrigated
and hunted the Rocky Mountain game
that he wants to see preserved.
The 3Ian of Affair.
Few Presidents have brought to the
office so varied an equipment in diver
sified American activities. But the man
of affair.? is pretty certain to be a super
ficial student. He knows something of
everything; but of no one thing does he
know all there is to know, nor does he
ao a rule know enough of any one thing
to be proof against the mistaken coun
sel of his advisers. We shall under
take to show, a little later, that part3
jptthe President's message reveal this
laultof Imperfect acquaintance -with.
ththemes he treats. Meanwhile, It
should perhaps be observed in passing
that Imperfectly Informed Is apt to
cover up hla weakness with a certain
show of omniscience which may Impress
the groundlings, but is certain to make
the judicious grieve. If there Is any
thing of this theatric quality in the
President's manner, itmay be attrib
uted to the consciousness of half-baked
view.". A small but significant charac
teristic of this message, for example, is
the use of "The Congress" for "Con
gress," though this studied archaism is
not always maintained, and where the
Up to "Congress" occurs it shows the
artificiality of the- phrase. It was well
enough for the Fathers to speak of
"the" Congress, a body they looked upon
as a new and dubious contrivance; but
"Gongress" has become as thoroughly
established In American vernacular as
Parliament has in English.
The Trusts. s
When President Roosevelt said, as he
many times has said, that a Constitu
tional amendment is a necessary pre
liminary to trust regulation, he spoke
upon Imperfect Information. -He didn't
know, for he had tackled the.trust pfob
lecn, as he does all others. With a catch-as-catch-can
hold, chiefly serviceable a
a hook for his didactic aphorisms, so he
just jumped at the conclusion. From
Attorney-General Knox he has learned
the still untried capacities of the Sher
man anti-trust law and its entirely
feasible amendments. Therefore he now
sayo we have the power without the
amendment, though at Boston In Au
gust he assured the country that legis
lation without a Constitutional amend
ment would only be as bricks without
straw. As a guide or stimulus to Con
gress, this chapter of the measage la
valueless: while the moral force of its
perfunctory animadversions is consider
ably broken by Its spirited defense of
the corporation as such. It Is to be
feared that most candid minds will con
fess, under rigid heart-ssarching, the
fear that this passage was not penned
without some anxious consciousness of
Thomas C. Piatt and Wall street.
The Tariff.
On this roost important topic, the mes
sage" Is undeniably and lamentably
weak. Here we .come across the Presi
dent at his very worst. He says that
withdrawal of duties In monopolistic
fields will only help the trust and hurt
independent producers, and that tariff
agitation is an almost unmixed evil, and
then proceeds to set all his reasoning at
defiance by coming out In a blunt dec
laration that "the. tariff on anthracite
coal should be removed.". Surely the
President does not want the anthracite
tVt to be aided In Its efforts to put the
Independent producers out of business!
If anthracite can be put on the free list
at once without danger, why not salt,
also, and paper? To what extent pro
tection enables the trust to war success
fully on the Independent producer, or
enables the independent producer to re
sist the aggression of the trust, Is an
obscure problem on -which authorities
divide and which must have a different
answer In different Industries. But the
President announces, with an air of
finality and universality, that "to re
move the tariff as a punitive measure
directed against trusts would Inevitably
Tesult in ruin to the weaker competi
tors who are struggling against them."
We shall undertake to say that not
the steel trust nor its Independent com
petitors, riot the salt trust nor its Inde
pendent competitors, not the paper trust
nor its Independent competitors, not the
anthracite trust nor its Independent
competitors, will be ruined by free Iron,
free salt, free paper or free anthracite;
and the question Is not to be settled, as
the President seems to think, by what the
trusts or the Independent competitors
want, but by what Is just to the masses
of consumers of all thess necessaries,, an
element in the tariff problem which the
message entirely ignores. The reference
to protection as covering the "difference
In labor cost" between Europe and the
United States might have been omitted,
one would think, In full view of the an
thracite disturbance and Its revelation
In the actual factors of the wage prob
lem at the mines "If you are going to
change the tariff at all, how can you
avoid at the same time prolonged agita
tion and "too quick changes"?
Strong: Points. '
With these exceptions, there Is much
and nearly everything In the message to
commend. The utterance on organized
labor will go far to eliminate from seri
ous dlscuslson In the United States the
old theory that the back of organized
labor must be broken and that unions
are an insurmountable obstacle to In
dustrial progress. The chapter on cur
rency Is sound and aggressive, as It
should be, and will doubtless strengthen
the cause of banking reform. It means
much for a President to commit his Ad
ministration authoritatively to the prop
osition that a circulating medium is the
business of the banks, and that It
should respond automatically to the
needs of trade. The recommendations
as to Army and Navy are abreast of the .
best thought and the Nation's needs, !
and the warning to Latin America that
civilization will require order at its
hands at whatever cost of discipline Is
timely and Justifiable. Reciprocity wit!
Cuba is put upon the right ground of
"generous duty by the weak."
Incidental References.
The President urges the reciprocity
treaties, including one that Is to be pre
sented to the Senate relating to New
foundland; commends the proposed De
partment of Commerce; asks enactment
of the National Guard reorganization
bill; bespeaks for the rural mall free
delivery routes, 11.650 already in num
ber, a liberal appropriation; Indorses the
Irrigation undertakings; censures the
public land frauds; advises amendment
of the safety-appliance law; complains
of the extravagance In public printing;
proposes a merit system for the Con
sular service; rejoices in the historic
fidelity observed In the White House 1m
,provements; recommends an employers'
liability act for the District of Colum
bia; gives Alaska sympathetic recogni
tion; points with pride "to Porto Rico as
an Instructive exhibit In "Imperialism";
speaks a good word for the Smithsonian
Institution, -sets out the admirable
status of the Pacific cable 'negotiations,
and felicitates the country on Its having
been the first to apply to The Hague in
ternational tribunal.
The GoBpci of Optimism.
Forty years ago a millionaire was a
wonderfully rich man. HHe Is not so
prominent a figure now, for wealth has
increased. The postoffice receipts, for
example, were $8,000,000 In 1S50, and
$121,348,000 in 1902. At this ratio, a. mil
lionaire of I860 would have to be worth
$15,000,000 today to be entitled to equal
recognition. In 1878 our money aggre
gated $729,000,000; now it Is $2,500,000,000.
In IS60 we had $1,000,000,000 invested in
manufactures; today we have $10,000,
000,000. Then we exported $316,000,000 of
merchandise a year; now. we- export
$1,460,000,000. In 1860 we paid $39,000,000
In Federal taxes; now we pay $238,000,
000, with , less Inconvenience. In 1880
our deposits In National banks were
$967,000,000; now they are $3,661,000,000.
In 1860 our farm property was worth
$7,000,000,000; now It Is worth $20,000,000,
009. These are some of the evidences the
President might have adduced In sup
port of bis cheering assurance that the
great fortunes of today are "small in
deed when compared to the wealth of
the people as a whole." This Is the an
swer to the Bryanlc cry that the rich are
growing richer and the poor poorer.
This Is the American spirit of optimism
and resolute endeavor of which Theo
dore Roosevelt is the personification.
His Is the high resolve and rugged sin-
h-cerity of purpose which the people love
and love to follow, and out of regard for
which thej "forgive any and all Imper
fections of method and of mood. They
wlllbeworthy followers of such a leader
if they observe his counsel to bring to.
the civic duty "the qualities of head
and heart which were shown by the
men "Who In the days of Washington
founded this Government, and, In the
days of tincoln. preserved It."
The New York Times reports that a
committee was recently appointed by
the Government of Sweden to ascertain
how many hours of sleep children of
various ages ought to have In order that
they may be able to study to the best,
advantage. After due Investigation a
report has been forwarded to the Min
ister of Education stating that children
4 years of age should sleep twelve hour's
out of the twenty-four; children of 7,
eleven hours; children of 9, ten hours;
children of from 12 to 14, from nine to
ten hours. It Is pointed out in this con
nection that: anemia and undue weak
ness In children are frequently due to
lack of sufficient sleep. Mothers the
world over may profit by this report In
Regulating trie hours lor bedtime for
their children. It may be said that
American mothera of the more progres
sive class supervise the eating and
sleeping hours of their young children
carefully and systematically. The -old
practice of feeding an Infant every time
It cried has given place to the regula
tion method of feeding once In two
hours, while the old slipshod method of
"piecing" that is, eating between meals
by older children has given place to
regular meals and no food between
times. Furthermore, children. Instead
of being allowed to follow their own
sweet will In the matter of retiring, are
now In all orderly homes put to bed at
8 o'clock In Summer and 7 o'clock in
Winter, thus securing for them needed
sleep and the family the benefit of quiet
evenings. It Is well enough for experts
to tell ug, how much sleep children of
various ages need In order to keep them
up to the required standard of mental
development, but the mother who fol
lows the 7 and 8 o'clock rule In putting
her children to bed gives them time
enough for sleep to fill all requirements
and Insures for herself and the older
members of her family good, long even
ings In which to read, study, visit or
work. Experts tell us that this Is the
simple rule for "childralslng made
easy," and the beauty of It Is that even
a novice in the business can follow It.
WE MUST BE A GREAT SEA POWER.
The report that Senator Hale, chair
man of the Senate Naval committee,
does not approve of the President's
views regarding the necessity for the
construction of first-class battle-ships,
but favors instead moderate additions
to the Navy of armored cruisers and
battle-ships of the Oregon type, Is dis
appointing, for it Indicates that Senator
Hale ,does not comprehend that the
United States Is sure to be the great sea
power qf the world In the future. If we
ever have a serious ivar with any strong
power, the Navy will have to bear the
brunt of It.- Only In operations against
Canada or Mexico would the Ariny oc
cupy a first place, and there Is not the
slightest probability that we shall ever
have a war with England or Mexico.
In any other conflict we should place
our main reliance upon the Navy to pro
tect our maritime frontiers and our vast
material Interests. -
In numbers, physical and mental
vigor, Inventive and constructive skill
and matchless natural resources, the
United Stated Is fitted beyond any peo
ple of ancient or modern times to fcg
come a great sea power. Our frontiers
are all maritime. We have 17,000 miles
of coast line, and upon our harbors and
great rivers leading to the 'sea we have
more cities vulnerable from the sea
than are found in all Europe, for the
great powers of. Russia, Austria and
even Germany have but a small num
ber of cities subject to equal exposure.
The maritime coast of Europe Is repre
sented by France, Great Britain, Scan
dinavia, Italy and poverty-stricken
Spain. In time of serious war we need
a Navy large enough to prevent the
blockade of our ports and the Interrup
tion of our enormous maritime com
merce. If Great Britain should be at
war with any of the great Continental
powers of Europe, a great Navy would
be indispensable to Insure our rights as
a neutral and to prevent the making our
transportation of foodstuffs to Great
Britain contraband of war.
When the day comes, as It surely will
come, of attempted seizure and parti
tion of China, the United. States, to pre
vent that partition, will need a very
strong fleet In the far East. Ih the
coming market of China the only
chance for the United States will be to
prevent the partition of that vast coun
try. If we allow, China to be conquered
and occupied, by Europe, we may be
sure that Europe will absorb the com
merce of the conquered. The day of
this proposed rending and division of
the garments of China Is not far distant,
and if the Chinese crisis comes and finds
us without an adequate Navy, we shall
have lost our opportunity; for If Ger
many, France and Russia once get firm
ly established In China, they can never
be expelled by any force we could apply.-
With the help of Gerat Britain
and Japan we could keep Russia,
France and Germany from seizing and
absorbing China, but to do It we should
need a powerful fleet that could seize
and hold every port and all the gredt
navigable waters of China.
At a still more remote date the occu
pation and exploitation of the markets
of South America will be attempted by
the powers of Continental Europe. If
we mean to stand fast by the precedent
of President Cleveland's Venezuela mes
sage, we are likely to be called upon
to vindicate Its dicta by - some of the
threatened states of that country. We
could not possibly Interfere today ef
fectively against action of France or
Great Britain, or the combined action
of Germany and Russia. Unless we as
sume that we are never to be at war
with a great naval power, we ought to
have the greatest Navy in the world In
order to insure the future security of
our vast and manifold interests,
which include the security of our
coast, the protection of our vast
maritime commerce, the vindication
of our rights In foreign markets,
and the preservation of the Inviolability
of the Monroe Doctrine. We are not
going to allow China to be opened up as
was India and Africa; we are going .to
help China to Japanlze itself soon or late
without partition among the powers of
Europe, and In order to execute our pur
pose we shall need as great a Navy at
least as that of Great Britain.
We shall not be mistaken for a great
aggressive war power If we do this; we
shall be respected as a Nation of busi
ness common sense that provides-ships
of war enough to defend Us coasts, to
protect its trans-oceanic trade, to en
force Its commercial rights In foreign
lands, a"nd to uphold Its time-honored
National policy. The creation of a great
Navj would excite no political unrest
among our people, as the creation of a
great Army might. A great. Navy
would not stand for the slightest tend
ency to that militarism which so many
Americans pretend to dread and which
not a few, perhaps, really do fear. We
are today only the fourth naval power,
with 530;009 tons of warship displace
ment. Great Britain has 1,800,000 tons;
France has 715,000 tons; Russia has 20,--opo
tons more than we have; Germany
is but little below us, and has recently
authorized a vast; Increase, equivalent
to - doubling and trebling her entire
naval force "by 1915-17.
At the last session of Congress not a
single new ship was authorized. It
takes three years to build a battle-ship,
while it took only 100 days to build a
monitor Ironclad forty years ago. A
French" fleet could leave Europe and ap
pgar on our shores within two weeks
after a declaration of war, and If we
had not battle-ships enough to beat off
the attack, every Important city from
Portland, Me., to New Orleans could be i
destructively bombarded by the enemy,
We ought to appropriate money enough
every year so that Germany shall not
pass .us and that we shall ultimately
become the first naval power In .the
world.
The weight carried by one of our in
fantrymen, according to the report of
the Chief of Ordnance; Is 76 pounds 15
ouncea This is not more than Union
soldiers In the Civil War1 carried nom
inally, but Ih point of fact during the
Summer campaign, from the first week
of April to the' first week of October,
the veteran under Grant and Sherman
outside of his arms and ammunition and
equipments carried no overcoat, or
woolen blanket; he- carried no extra
shoes; his knapsack contained nothing
but a change of underclothing and
socks; he carried a rubber blanket and
shelter tent; he carried about, the same
weight of cartridges, viz., 60 rounds, in
hla cartridge-box. and 40 rounds In his
pockets, which was about equal to the
200 rounds of smalL cartridges carried
today. The old Springfield rifle of 1861
65 was a muzzle-loader, and with the
bayonet welgbed about 14 pounds, while
the modern rifle and bayonet weigh
about 11 pounds. The Union soldier
when in campaign carried about 60
pounds if he was an eld soldier. If he
was a recruit, he carrlsd a big kna'psack
for conscience.' sake until the old sol
diers taught hhn better. Probably in
the regular Army a soldier would not
dare be without his overcoat and woolen
blanket In campaign, but the Union vol
unteer.drew his overcoat and blanket Jn
October and shed them the next April.
Julia Reei met Warren B. Smith, a
wealthy man of New Yorlc City, for the
first time In June, 1901, and they subse
quently, traveled abroad as man and
wife. She sued .Smithjn the city court
the other day .to recover two install
ments of a life annuity of $300 a month
which the defendant promised last Jan
uary to. pay her as a compromise of a
threatened suit for breach of promise of
marriage. She received $300 per month
down to July, when the payment
stopped and she commenced her action.
A letter written by the defendant was
put in evidence. In which he wrote: "I
shall s"end you a check for $300 on the
first of February and $300 on the first
of each month afterwards." The jury
promptly gave the young woman all she
claimed, and It this recovery Is sus
tained by the higher -courts, Mr. Smith
will have to pay this young woman of
26 years of age $3600 a year for life. Ao
a matter of money, It would have been
cheaper to have married Julia, for In
event of subsequent divorce alimony
would not have amounted to any such
sum as Julia, who is very healthy, is
likely to obtain out of Smith's estate.
Selling liquor to minors Is an act ab
horrent to the moral sense and shock
ing to a true sense of public responsi
bility. An expression of this fact Is
found in the stringent state law which
provides an easy way to the conviction
of the conscienceless vender of Hqucyrs
who would give or sell to minors, and
severe penalty for the act when proven.
That this Jaw Is flagrantly and fre
quently violated in this city, there is
no reason to doubt. There Is a dual
responsibility here. The liquor vender
Is not alone to blame; the boy or girl,
being an Infant In the eyes of the law,
may be counted out in the summing up.
Other parties to the outrageous trans
action are careless parents and Indiffer
ent citizens. This thing is not done In
a corner. It Is, to repeat the words of
an attorney quoted yesterday, "an evil
that needs remedying," and when It Is
added that "It could easily be stopped,"
the moral sense of the community Is
placed under serious. Indictment.
The election of the Democratic can
didate for Attorney-General In New
York State through the fact that he
was Indorsed by the Prohibitionists re
calls the fact that Myron H. Clark In
1854 was elected Governor of New York
by a combination of Prohibitionists,
Whlga and Free-Soil Democrats.
Clark's opponents were Horatio Sey
mour, Greene C. Bronson and Daniel
Uilman. Mr. Clark beat Mr. Seymour
a few hundred" votes. Under Governor
Clark's, administration a prohibitory
law was passed by the Legislature and
signed by the Governor, but the Court
of Appeals, by a majority of one, de
clared It unconstitutional. In the pub
lished works of Samuel J. Tilden Is a
very able address delivered by him at
that time In opposition to the enact
ment of a prohibitory liquor law.
Gratifying Improvement In all lines Is
reported officially from Porto Rico. The
Secretary of the Interior In his annual
report states that schools are being es
tablished to teach girls telegraphy, and
that an Industrial school is In opera
tion at Ponce. The school attendance
13 60,000, while it is said there are up
wards of 350,000 children of school age
In the Island. This shows progress along
educational lines that is gratifying If
not altogether satisfactory, and, as com
pared with the centuries of Illiteracy
that have gone before, fully Justifies the
conceit of our Government that It could
do better by the Porto Rlcans than
Spain could or did.
The argument In. favor of admitting
New Mexico into the Union Is, It Is said,
handicapped by the fear that ex-State
Senator Andrews, of Pennsylvania, who
Is an exile In New Mexico, may be sent
to represent the new commonwealth In
the United States Senate. It Is up to
the promoters of the admission scheme
to disclaim this Intention If they would
succeed In adding another semi-arid,
sparsely populated state to the great
Federal family.
The mortuary and casualty record of
the football season between October 19
and November 13 showed eight players
killed and sixteen seriously Injured. The
record of the rest of the season has not
yet been made up, but no doubt the list
will be duplicated. However, these pen
alties are accounted light, as compared
to the fun that the players and the en
joyment that the public got out of these
tussles upon the gridiron.
The New York World found by actual
count for three Sundays that 451,731
adults attended church in Manhattan.
This left 997,189 who did not. This Is
not a bad showing for a city estimated
by General Booth, of the Salvation
Army, to be one of the two wickedest
cities In the- world. Still It leaves some
margin for home missionary work.
Ex-Presfdent Grover Cleveland has
consented to preside at the meeting to
be held In Philadelphia on the 11th Inst.
In the intercsi of the colored race. When
Mr. Cleveland was Presldenthe recog
nized the colored people by appointing
some of them to public office, and has
always manifested a deep interest in the
education of the negro.
PORTLAND AS A MARKET!
Corvallls Gazette.
.Reports Indicate a falling off In the
acreage given to Fall-sown wheat In the
Willamette Vciley. If this 13 true it is
either because a greater number of farm
ers are satisfied with the returns from
Spring-sown wheat, or that they have
determined to glvo more attention to
diversified farming. It Is probable this
latter Is the main reason. .
It has been proved that this kind, of
farming gives larger and surer returns
for the capital and labor employed than
raising wheat for export. The conditions
which render this sort of farming most
profitable are permanent and cumula
tive. The growth of population, the
rapid Increase of a population engaged
In other pursuits than farming, yet de
pendent upon the products of the farm
for subsistence. The City of Portland
alone now furnishes the farmers of the
Willamette Valley a more desirable mar
ket for the various products of the farm
than Liverpool does for their wheat.
Tear by year the quantity of wheat and
flour produced for export- will decrease
until the home market will take all that
Is produced for sale and many other
products besides.
Here Is an assured cash market, the
demands of which will constantly In
crease. The Willamette River wlli al
ways provide transportation at reason
able rates and protect the farmer against
excessive demands by parallel" railways.
He can reach the consumer without the
Intervention of middle men, to whom he
must pay commissions, storage' and other
exactions, which too frequently are little
short of robbery.
The municipality of Portland will, at
no distant day, provide one or more market-places
.where the farmer miy place
his products on sale and deal directly
with the consumer. The city will pass
ordinances regulating the markets, fix
ing market days and making It a mis
demeanor to forestall the .market. This
will shiit out the huckster and all classes
of middle men and bring producer and
consumer face to face In an open mar
ket, where prices will be. influenced only
by the natural forces of supply and de
mand. Portland mxist do this in the
interest of her own citizens. In the midst
of as productive lands as the sun ever
shone upon, with abundance of supplies
for human subsistence at her very doors,
as It were, yet living In Portland is al
most as expensive as In New York or
Washington. The farmer, the producer
of " subsistence supplies, has not been
benefited by this condition. Quite the
contrary. In common with the people of
the city, he has been the prey of a lot
of "commission merchants," "dealers In
produce" and petty "go-betweens," who
have long feasted on the necessities of
honest citizens. It is simply amazing
that such conditions have been so long
and patiently endured.
The signs are that Portland, is awaken
ing to the untoward conditions existing
and is seeking a remedy. If some of
our farmer members of the Legislature
would decline to support an appropriation
for the Lewis and Clark Exposition un
til Portland would agree to provide one
or more country market-places, ft might
speed "the matter.
At all events, Portland furnishes, and
must continue to furnish, the main home
market for various farm products, and
our farmers will make no mistake in ef
forts to supply them.
THIRD -PARTY MEN DISAPPEAR.
Chicago Tribune.
In the House of Representatives elected
In 1S8 there were only Republicans and
Democrats. Iri 1890 eight Farmers' Alli
ance members were elected. From that
time to the present the two great par
ties have been unable to divldo the mem
bership of the House between them.
There have been members who called
themselves Populists, Fuslonlsts or Silver
Republicans, but who as a rule have acted
with the Democrats. The elections of this
month were disastrous to third-party men.
Not one was elected, and In the next
House" of Representatives there will be
but Republicans and Democrats. -,The
discontent among Western and
Southwestern farmers growing out of the
low prices they got for their products
has died away. So has the free-silver agi
tation, TVhlch was a result of that dis
content. The belief so many people cher
ished that a great third party able to
compete on equal terms with existing par
ties could be built up out of the producers
on the farms and the producers In the
workshops has been dispelled. The two
old parties are doing business at their old
stands, and will fight their political bat
tics on the old lines. Matters will be In a
much, healthier state than they were when
now and unwholesome issues demoralized
the Democratic party temporarily and
alienated many Republicans, some- of
them permanently, from their party.
While the next Congress will be made
up exclusively of Republicans and Demo
crats, that simple and satisfactory state
of affairs will not endure forever. There
will be .times In the future, as there have
been in the past,, when groups of men dis
satisfied with the policies of the existing
parties and the refusal of either to adopt
their theories will set to work hopefully
to get up a new political organization, and
will send Representatives to State Legis
latures ancL to Congress. Presumably they
will win only limited and temporary vic
tories, and their party will melt away,
as have other third parties. So long as
party government lasts It is desirable
that there should be only two parties, and
that the voters and the legislative bodies
they elect should not bo split up Into nu
merous groups or factions as in France
and Germany.
An Army Sensation.
Boston Herald.
The resignation last week of Lieutenant-Colonel
John A. Johnston, Assistant
Adjutanf-General, stationed In Washing
ton, has surprised Army circles all over
the country. It Is said that no officer of
his rank has resigned since the Civil War.
He had been In service since his gradua
tion at West Point, 23A years. Reckon
ing his academy service,, he would have
been eligible for voluntary retirement
within three years; but he has preferred
to quit the service now. He is second on
the list of Lieutenant-Colonels, and Is
esteemed as an exceptionally able officer.
He Is not yet 46 years old, and all friends
were anticipating for him a brilliant fu
ture career. The reason of his resigna
tion is not an ordinary one; It Is because
of the demands upon him of the care of a
very large fortune which has come to
his wife by the death of her father, he
being the executor of hl3 father-in-law's!
will. This fortune 13 in Standard Oil
stocks, mines, land and other Investments
requiring attention. The resignation is
not to take effect untii February 1.
Feeding Britl.ih Snilors. '
New York commercial Advertiser.
Reforms in feeding the sailors in the
British navy, which have been more or
less acridly discussed for the lat 10 or 16
years, have at last been made. Under the
old regime, breakfast was served at 6:30.
and consisted of a pint of mllklcss cocoa
and dry bread or biscuit. At noon meat
and pudding were served and at 4 oclck
came a slender supper, the last meal until
the next morning. The result of this has
been that the sailors have had to spend a
good part of their pay In extras. In order
to keep from being hungry'. Under the
new rules two more meals will be given
each day. one at 8:30, at which jams and
preserved fruits will be served, and an
other supper later In the evening, so that
Jack may be able to do all his work on a
full stomach and at the expense of his
country.
StlH Wome1.
Philadelphia Press. v
"I was shocked to remark your husband
out gunning on the Sabbath," said the
Rev. Mr. Stratelace. '
"You would have been still more
shocked," replied the offender's wife, "if
you had heard his remarks about his
luck."
THE RELIGION THAT LIVES. '
Chicago Inter Ocean.
The Rev. William MacAfee, of Evans
ton, In his Sunday sermon, sharply re
sented the recent sneers by President
Eltot, of. Harvard, it Methodism as an
"emotional" form of religion, and thsre-J.
ioij oppoaeu 10 true culture. Jir. jj.bc
Afee held, and rightly, .that tBe success
of Methodism had been chiefly due to
It3 power to stir emotions and direct
them Into channels of usefulness to man
kind. The difference between President Eliot
and Dr. MacAfee Is temperamental, and
no agreement between them la to be ex
pected. Nor"is It necessary that they
should agree, for to the advancement of
true religion both sorts of men are neces
sary. The man who Insists constantly
upon the reasonableness of religion, and
the man with power to stir religious emo
tion, are alike promoters of the general
welfare.
The deplorable thing about the present
religious situation 13 that men of Presi
dent Eliot's position, after first demand
ing that religion shalL be all emotion, and
all one emotion, should now turn about
and demand that religion" shall contain
no emotion at all. For precisely that Is
the effect of recent tendencies which
President Eliot merely voices.
-First we. had men of supposed light
and leading insisting that religion should
ceaso to bo doctrinal and should be
purely nn expression of the emotions of
love of God and of fellow-men. Now doc
trines are simply an effort to give re
ligious emotions a philosophic basis, to
supply them with a reason for existence.
To reject doctrines Is to take away that
basis and leave religion merely a cloud
of emotions.
Furthermore, we had the same kind of
men Insisting that religion should be
confined to one kind of emotion. jThey
insisted that religion should reject all
appeals to fear, and should appeal to
love only. And thus by extracting from
It all fear of punishment for wrongdoing
they left .in religion nothing but hope of
reward for rightdolng. And by such
warm airs cf love alone they Insisted
j men could be turned from evil and led
to goou.
Now, such men, of whom President
Eliot Is merely a tj-pe, Insist further that,
there shall be no emotion in religion, and
that it shall be a thing of pure reason.
And, having thus taken from religion
first all philosophic baals, and then ex
tracted from It all warmth, of emotion,
they ask the world to accept what Is left
as a power efficient to lead men to sal
vation. Human beings may well be excused
from attempting to breathe pure' nitro
gen chilled to theN temperature of the
interstellar spaces. For that is alii the
religion that President Eliot appears to
idl'IWI fa la Tf nnntxln: nnlHi rif tonorlhln
doctrine which the mind can grasp as a
reason for faith, nor the life-giving oxy
gen of emotion. It Is dead with a. dead
ness hardly conceivable by the human
mind.
If history and .experience teach any
thing it Is that the religion that lives and
works and gives Ufo to human souls is
neither all cold philosophy nor all emo
tion, but a judicious compound of these
.two essential elements. Taking human
nature as It Is, It Is Impossible for the
average man to 'see how a so-called re
ligion that lacks both these elements
can be of any value whatsoever.
The religion that lives and gives life
must ybc, it would. seem, something like
the air we breathe.. Like the air, it must
have Its immutable laws the doctrines
that give to believers a reason for their
faith and point out to 'them whither and
for what they are going. Like the air, it
must also have its vitalizing oxygen, the
emotions of hopo that reward will follow
rlghtdolng and of fear of punishment
for wrongdoing.
The religion of emotion without reason
is rejected by the intellect. The xe
Hglon of reason without emotion chills
the heart. Only the religion that con
tains both reason and emotion both
doctrine and faith would seem t to be
efficient to turn men from sin and sorrow
and lead them to righteousness and hap
piness.
Defying the National Government.
Chicago Tribune.
The Secretary of the Interior is more
troubled with frauds perpetrated on the
Government than the Secretary of the
Treasury, the PostmaBter-General, ormy
other member of the Cabinet. One reads
frequently of the theft of letters and the
coining of bogU3 money, of the defraud
ing of the customs and-of illicit distilling,
Fortunately there are many accounts of
the arrest of counterfeiters, Smugglers,
postofflce thieves and moonshiners to con
sole the citizen anxious for the welfare of
the Government. The Secretary of the
Interior reports that millions of acrs of
uovcrnmer.t iana are being uniawruily oc
cupied by big grazing companies, which
fence squure miles In violation of the
statutes of the United States and defy the
officers of the Government. The home
stead raws are violated by scores and
hundreds of families in the most bare
faced fashion, with the assistance of land
grabbing and especially timber-grabbing
capitalists. The Secretary says in a re
assuring way that steps are being taken
to make this all right. One Isdriwn lr
rcslstlbly to the conclusion that If a man
Intends to defraud the Government It Is
safer to do "It on the wholesale plan. If
he uses a revenue stamp twice he will be
arrested and Imprisoned, but If he tal-es
thousands of acres he Is not molested.
Perhaps some cf the strenuousness which
animates the executive offices might be
spared for the benefit of the Department
of the Interior.
The Afte of Criminnllty.
London Chronicle.
Wtlh reference to New York's special
Police Court for childish offenders, it Is
notcworthv that both British and Amer
ican law fix the same age of criminality.
In defiance of theology .the legal cqdes of
all nations regard man as sinless by birth.
Before attaining a certain age he is re
garded as Incapable of crime. In England
and America this age Is seven years, and
before this a child cannot be prosecuted.
After Its seventh, birthday a' child Is ac
countable for its deeds, but if under 14 the
prosecution must show that he was acting
with criminal Intent. The same age of
-criminality is held In Russia and Portugal.
In France and Belgium a child must bo
eight years old before being prosecuted.
In Italy and Spain a further year of grace
Is accorded. In Norway, Greece. Austria,
Denmark. Holland and Switzerland, the
age Is 10. The little German can play
pranks -with Impunity until 12 years old,
while in Sweden no prosecution is allowed
when the offender Is under 16.
A Mexican Ballad.
The' Arsonaut.
There was a Greaser bold and staid
Don Gorr.ez del Gomazsa
"Who loved a gentle Greaser maid.
The Donna Frcntplazza.
Don Gome rodo a mustans proud,.
And wore a blocdy slasher.
Of all the gallus Greaser crowa
lie was the clddiest masher.
Don Gomes once was tempted fore,
Dwplte of law and order.
To glut hin erepdy thirst tor core
And cross the Texas border.
"So fare you well, me lady fair
Me pretty Jlttle Donna!"
In vain she tens her rr.wn hair
llcr Gomoz was a goner. ,
Then hlrd ho to the KIo Grand',
With Yankee hordes to battle:
He cro??fd Into the promised land.
And v.-ont to stealing cattle.
And thre, wlTh more than royal pluck.
Ho did this pleasing duty.
And, meeting with Uncommon luck.
He started home with booty.
But. oh! the Yankees, fierca and atronc,
"While marchintr out to battle.
Beheld Don Qnmcz come alone
A-drlvlag them there cattle.
They cathcred In the festive fteers.
And irnafgcd that gallus Greaser, '
nd, with a round of hoots and Jecr3,
They hanged him to a tree. air.
Loud walled the Greaser maiden fair
The Donna Frontalazza:
Once more ehe tore her maiden hair
For-Gomez del Gomazza!
' NOTE AjiD COMMENT.
It is perfectly proper that it henpecked .
husband should die intestate.
"Kind words can never die," says tha
poet This presages 111 for heaven.
The reflections of a bachelor are usual
ly reflections on a woman. 'Tls ever thus.
The clubmen seem to think their bar3
are not run at ajsrofit. Everybody Is glad
to hearthJs.
Those actresses who barely escaped
drowning will "now be In high favor with
their press agent. '
Now 13 the season when wives make
stealthy Inquiry as to the brand of clgara
their husbands smoke.
If Oregon got all tho weather that the
United States officials think is coming to
her, there would be trouble, and serlou3
trouble at that.
The young women of a Nebraska town
have organized an anil-'pro'ar.lty league.
Their- method Is to cut the young men
who swear. Only a woman could call this
"anti-profanity."
Since the clubwomen have taken up tho
suffrage question, we may look for new
light on it. The men have made light ot
it .for many moons, but marriage changes
the point of view, and these be married
women.
If there is one object more nt than an
other for pity It is that mortal so men
tally, physically and morally Incapacitated
for enjoyment of decent living that he
delights in a dirty story. Such men have
thoughts that, like mushrooms, thrive
only in decay. The woman who will tell
one Is a mere iavellng off the dirty skirt
ot femininity.
Can it bo true that Seattle and Ta
coma have an agent in the Eafct who ia
making up a shipment of young women
for the Puget Sound marriage market?
The report seems authentic, and there is
nothing to do but accept It. Let It ba
hoped that this firpt consignment will
prove so satisfactory that a regular trade
may be Instituted. Then the rlvtil cities
will be endowed with that pleasing femi
ninity which dulls the edge of rancor,
and the question of Mount Rainier and
Mount Tecoma will "be suffered to lapse
Into innocuous desuetude.
President Roosevelt says In his mes
sage: 'In battle the only shots that
count are the shots that hit." If more
people realized the truth of this observa
tion, there would he lees random effort.
Too many suppose that all work Is good.
The strenuous life has been Interpreted
ns -living to work incessantly without
the ultimate condition that there must
be steady aim. No man should comfort
himself in physical weariness, assuring
himself that he has worked, and there
fore is entitled to reward. "The only
shots that count are the shots that hit."
A balky horse Is an annoying creature
under any circumstances, says tho
Youth's Companion, but the story of an
incident which happened during a regi
mental drill raises the question whether
such a horse may not simply be over
conscientious. The sun blazed down on a field of hot,
tired horses and excited men, all waiting
for a big raw-boned animal to succumb
to the urglngs of the starter and get Into
line.
"Bring up that horse!" shouted one of
the officers at la3t, his patience having
given out. "You'll get into trouble If ydu
don't."
The youthful rider of the refractpry
horse looked at his officer despairingly.
"I'm as tired of it as you are, sir, ho
said, with dull resignation, "but I an't
help it. He's a cab horse, sir; fhat's
what he Is. He won't start tlll-he .hears
the door shut, sir, and I haven't got any
door to shut." '
In one cf the downtown hotels each
room has a sign under tho gas jet read
ing: "Please do not blow1 out tho gas!"
Not long ago a man from the b&ckwoods
of Nehaldn came to Portland anil stopped
at this hostelry. He seemed, perfectly
satisfied for a couple of day., saw the
town as he liked, and finally turned up
one morning and nsktd for the bill. An
Item caught his eye and he turned an in
furiated face upon the propretor. "Lock
here!" he roared; "what do you mean by
charging me J2 for extra gas?"
"Well," explained the Innkeeper, affa
bly, "you burned tho gasa in your room
all night. The chambermftld had to turn
it off In the morning. We always charge
for It under such circumstances."
"You blame fool!" relied the back
woodsman "you may ,chea some men,
but I'm onto yc. You had a sign saying
for me please not to blow out the gas,
and when I don't, just to oblige you, you
go and stick me ?2." And explanations
were unavailing.
PLEASANTRIES OF FAUAGHAPHERS
Tender Turkey What awful slang Gobbler
uses! Toothsome Turkey Yes; you see, he's
trying to be tough. Puck.
She My mind, I'd have you understand. Is
on something hlghor than my dress. He Oh,
Is It? On your hat, I suppose? Philadelphia
Evening Bulletin.
Tom Mr. Johnson has slJ daughters, but ho
won't let any of them gtt married. Dick
Probably he doesn't want, to break the set.
Detroit Free Press.
"I don't txpect a bust In Westminster Ab
bey," said the youthful poet. "No." replied
the old man. "That would be too fur reachhV;
Jest keep on with the wrltln' business, an'
you'll bust nearer home!" Atlanta Constitu
tion. "Mr. Gotrox." begat the nervous young man,
-I er that Is. your daughter Is the er apple
of my eye. and" 'That will do, young man,"
Interrupted the granite-hearted parent. "Here's
55 for you: go consult an oculist." Chicago
Dally News.
Oaker Dobson. .(he young lmpresionlst, has
scored a success beyond -his fondest hopes.
Lake I am gla to hear It- How was It?
Oaker He paliyed a picture of Washlnston
crossing the rMaware, and the commltteo
thought It was Eliza's escape on the Ice.
Brooklyn Life
Patience Hi has such nice manners. Patrice
What maks you think so? ny, he was
dancing wiA me, and he accidentally stepped
on my foo." "And he apologized?" "Yes;
he said If 'd come to his drug store he'd give
me a box of corn plaster." Yonkera States
man. Rupcrt-I say, papa, Ethel is so vtlred. and
she would so like to have a ride. Couldn't
you turd me iato a Jlttle donkey? Papa What
do you; mean. Robert? You re talking dread
ful nonsense! Rupert Why, papa. I've heard
Uncle say you're always making a great asy
of yourself, so you might this time make a
little donky of me. Punch.
Clark 3e here! You told me If I took a
course of Instruction from you It wouldn't bo
long before I'd be earning $100 a week. Pro
fessor SMnner Well? Clark Well. I'm only
getting $10 a week. Professor Skinner But,
honestly, now. don't you feel that you're earn
ing $10C? Every cleric feels he earns ten times
as muth as he gets. Philadelphia Press.
Flre Pianist Did you have much of an
audlctce at your recital yesterday afternoon?
Fecorf Ditto Splendid! There were two men
thrr t women and a boy. The boy, I afterwards
learied, was employed about the place, and the
twt men came In for shelter, as It wa3 raining
at the time. But the three women were all
rljht. They came to hear me, I know, for 1
ffve them the passes myself. Boston Traa-
8-T1PU
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