THE 'MORNING OBEQONIAN, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 1902.
Entered at the' Postofflw at Portland. Oregon,
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TODAY'S WEATHER Occasional rain; con
tinued cool: westerly winds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
jerature. 4S: minimum temperature, IK): pre
cipitation, 0.0 Inch.
PORTLAND, FRIDAY, AOVE3H5ER 2S.
The authorities at Washington have
very wisely taken out of the hands of
local associations of sheepmen the busi
ness of apportioning range privileges Jn
the Mount Rainier forest reserve. The
theory upon which this duty was given
Into the hands of the sheepmen's associ
ations was that, having a direct interest
In the perpetuation of the ranges, they
might be depended upon to guard them
against abuse; and, further, 1 that it
wouid be a simple matter to apportion
tr- grazing privilege fairly among
themselves. But this theory has not
worked out in practice. The members
of the associations have been more than
willing to overcrowd the reserve ranges,
and have. In some Instances, connived to
outwit and thwart the Inspectors in the
exercise of their duty. And In the mat
ter of apportioning the grazing -grounds
there has been gross unfairness in the
interest of large fiockowners with a
"pull" as against smaller operators with
r.o chance to make themselves heard.
In short, the system has failed. The
most equitable results, we believe, will
follow administration of the reserved
ranges by agents of the land depart
ment carefully selected for expert
knowledge and Incorruptible integrity
and instructed to seek out the means of
doing justice all round. The matter is
one in which the sheepmen will serve
their own Interest by a course of fair
dealing and good temper, for anything
like serious contention among them con
cerning the use of the reserved tracts
may result in the withdrawal of the
grazing privilege altogether. They
would better have a care or in 'their ef
forts to over-reach each other they may
make a bother o'f the whole matter and
bo all suffer together in the withdrawal
of all privileges in the matter of ranging
in the reserves.
It is plain from results In this state
and elsewhere where the "referendum"
principle has been submitted to the peo
ple that it is a taking thing. For exam
ple. In the recent election in Illinois vot
ers were invited to declare for and
against a referendum proposal, and
while a very great number took no no
tice at all of the matter, those who did
give heed to It declared overwhelmingly
in its favor. In the state at large, exclu
sive of Chicago, 1G2.6S5 votes were cast
fcr the proposal and 25,883 against it.
In Chicago 1G1.941 votes were favor
able and 24,917 against On the
question of electing United States Sen
ators by popular vote, submitted at the
same time and in the form of a pro
posal, the vote was practically Identical
with that above set forth. While thus
it appears that great numbers of voters
are eager to try the experiment of direct
legislation, it may be doubted if there Is
any very general comprehension of the
methods of the referendum or of the du
ties which it imposes upon the general
voter. Certainly It has been shown by
recent events here that, in spite of the
general enthusiasm of our last campaign
for the principle of .direct legislation,
nobody really knows much about it the
lawyers as little as anybody else. It is
possible, with reference both to the re
sult in Oregon and in Illinois, that the
apparent great popular favor of direct
legislation proposals is due more to dis
trust of Legislatures than of any special
wish to take a closer hand in the busi
ness of making laws.
The coal operators desire to have" their
case tried out on Its merits. ThlsVthey
say. Is their Just due, after the censure
to which they have been subjected by
the public. The request on its face is a
fair one, and the commission can do no
less than accede to it The right is not
entirely upon one side of this or of any
other question upon which there is great
divergence of opinion. That the miners
demands are in some respects as to de
tails arbitrary is not improbable. That
their statements in some instances are
overdrawn may be true. But behind all
of this is the just claim which declares
that the laborer Is worthy of his hire,
and the simple, commcn-sense fact that
his wage should in this day of vast
profits to capital and increasing living
expenses be sufficient to conform to the
requirements of comfort for himself and
in his home. Let this matter be probed
to the bottom. Between the two ex
tremes represented in the contention
there must be a golden mean. It is
clear that the operators will not reach
this unaided. Equally clear is the fact
that the miners will not voluntarily seek
middle ground. The point of view jn
each case is that of self-interest, and in
neither case has it as yet shifted the
fraction of a. degree. Public interest
takts a wider view. It insists that the
rights of the people in the premises be
cot ignored or violated, while the con-
tentlon between the operators and min
ers goes on. To. meet this demand the
coal commission was appointed. It Is
proper that this commission should
bend to its task until the way out of
the labyrinth Into which the opposing
forces of self-interest have led the coal
Industry is found. If this effort fails,
no man can foresee the beginning of the
end of this bitter and mighty conten
tion between the correlative forces of an
industry the active prosecution of
which is essential to the welfare of the
masses and to the continued prosperity
of the Nation.
Senator Frye's appeal for a shipping
subsidy as the only means of Insuring
the construction of our merchant marine
at home is In eifect a declaration of the
failure of the protective policy, -for
whose perpetuation he pleads In the
same interview. All the materials enter
ing Into the manufacture of ships are
heavily protected now, and the labor
employed in it has the same protection
accorded to other American labor. Mr.
Frye argues that our present aboundfng
prosperity should not be menaced by a
change in the tariff laws, and in the
next breath he confesses that the pres
ent laws are unable to keep the manu
facture of shipping at home. His sub
sidy proposal is, in fact, a new Jtnd mo
mentous departure in the application of
the protective principle. With the neia
already occupied by indirect taxation of
consumers for the benefit of a favored
few, he offers to Inject the direct with
drawal of public money from the Treas
ury for handing over to the few million
aire shipbuilders and shipowners. The
only sincerity- in this whole business is
the desire of thrifty private Interests to
get, all they can at public expense. It is
sought to alarm the business of the
country at every proposal of abolish
ment of unnecessary tariffs, but these
same timorous souls' cast fear to the
winds when they offer a radical and
comprehensive change in the form of a
fresh assault on the Treasury. It Is
dangerous to touch the protective sys
tem, unlets you are going to- touch It
to the edification of the infant indus
tries. Then, it is all right. The reply
to unjust laws that we are all making
money may be sufficient in Maine, but
It is not sufficient elsewhere. There are
persons in the United States who think
.of justice sometimes as well as of pros
perity. THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE.
The position of Speaker Henderson
during the short remainder of his term
of office is not an enviable one, for the
interest of members who have been re
elected and of the political public will
be centered In Speaker Henderson's
probable successor rather than in him
self. For this humiliating situation he
has only himself to blame, for he might
have been re-elected to Congress and
been his own successor. The choice of
a Speaker of the House means the se
lection of an officer who wields scarcely
less political influence than the Presi
dent of the United States. Under the
rules of the body over which? he pre
sides, he-is the autocrat of legislation.
He constitutes all the committees of the
House, and this fact makes him exceed
ingly Influential In the ranks of both
parties. To administer the duties of an
important office of such far-reaching po
litical Influence ably, requires a man of
exceptional power of self-restraint, a
man of dignity, an accomplished parliamentarian,-
who is a statesman In the
fullhessof his mastery of all political
questions and of historical knowledge,
'but above all things the occupant of the
Speaker's chair needs to be a man of im
pregnable personal Integrity, a man in
capable of thwarting the will of Con
gress by abuse of the opportunity and
influence of his position.
It is easy to see how a corrupt man
In the Speaker' chair could advance his
political or his pecuniary fortune by be
ing in secret league with the friends of
a measure that shad a job concealed in
its belly. Distinguished occupants of
the Speaker's chair have been charged
with the abasement of their great office
to corrupt purposes and have not al
ways made an absolutely convincing de
fense. The fact that It lies in the power
of the Speaker to abuse his trust
through unscrupulous partisanship, or
corruptly to warp legislation In the in
terest of those who have purchased his
official Influence, shows that absolute,
incorruptible personal and political in
tegrity is, above all other qualifica
tions, the most indispensable to the oc
cupant of the Speaker's chair. Whether
Congress Is economical or recklessly ex
travagant rests largely with the Speak
er; whether legislative robbery of the
public treasury is frequently accom
plished lies largely with the vigilance
and a'cuteness of the Speaker.
Mr. Cannon, of Illinois, in personal
presence, political accomplishments and
parliamentary skill, is not an ideal
Speaker, but, while he has less culture
and versatile intellectual endowment
than Mr. Dalzell, of Pennsylvania, he
has no Identity with the Quay machine;
he Is not associated in the public mind
with trusts and monopolies; he is under
stood to be opposed to the ship subsidy
s:heme, and he Is thoroughly trusted by
men of all parties as a man of impreg
nable integrity and is in full sympathy
with anti-trust legislation. The import
ance of the office of Speaker of the
House is shown by the fact that it has
been sought and obtained by men of su
perior public distinction. Henry CJay
between 1S11 and 1S25 was ten years In
the Speaker's chair, and was probably
the most brilliant man that, ever occu
pied the position, for while on the floor
of the House a most aggressive and im
petuous partisan debater, he was urban
ity itself In the chair, going so far as to
recognize "the gentieman from Arkan
sas" and "the gentleman from Arkan
saw" In turn, adopting the peculiar pro
nunciation of each member. Langdon'
Cheves, of South Carolina, a very able
man, was Speaker of the Thirteenth
Congress. John Bell, Speaker of the
Twenty-third Congress, was af terwardn
Senator from Tennessee, and polled
nearly 590,000 votes for President in 1860.
James K. Polk, who was Speaker of the
Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Con
gresses, was elected President in J.84.4
over Henry Clay. R. M. T. Hunte'r,
Speaker of the Twenty-sixth Congress,
was United States Senator when. Vir
ginia seceded, in 1861, and a distin
guished member of the Confederate
Cabinet.
Robert C. Winthrop, Speaker of the
Thirtieth Congress, was the ablest and
.most accomplished man, except Henry
Clay, who presided over the House.
He was a fine scholar, an eloquent ora
tor and a most admirable parliamen
tarian. He was the orator at the York
town centennial, and, although consid
erably past 70 years of age, spoke with
a grace, fire and power that commanded
admiration and applause. Howell Cobb,
who succeeded Winthrop as Speaker,
was afterwards Secretary of the Treas- i
ury in President Buchanan's Cabinet
and a distinguished member of the Coo
federate Cabinet Nathaniel P. Banks,
Speaker of the Thirty-fourth Congress,
was the first man to hold the office un
der Republican rule.. He was a man of
fine presenceand had a splendid voice
for public business, and these qualities
chiefly made him afterwards Governor
of Massachusetts, Major-General of Vol
unteers, and returned him to Congress
for many years after the- Civil War.
Speaker Schuyler Colfax became Vice-.
President in 869. James G. Blaine rose
from the Speakership to the stature of
a formidable candidate for the Presi
dency, was subsequently United States
Senator and twice Secretary of State.
Samuel J. Randall, when elected
Speaker, In 1876, was easily the ablest
Democrat la the House, and John G.
Carlisle, Democratic Speaker for six
years, became President Cleveland's
Secretary of the Treasury in 1893.
Thomas B. Reed expected doubtless to
make the Speakership a stepping-stone
to further political distinction, Dut he
was disappointed through circum
stances which he either could not or
would not control. It Is clear that the
Speakership has always been sought
after by men ambitious of political dis
tinction and influence, which is entirely
natural, since it affords an admirable
opportunity for intimate acquaintance
with the leading members of both par
ties In House and Senate, and with the
President and his Cabinet. While the
Constitution does not require the Na
tional House of Representatives to
choose its Speaker froni among its own
members, nevertheless it has been our
custom to follow the decision of the first
House of Representatives under ' the
Constitution, which made one of its own
members the Speaker. Our long-established
political custom has been to make
the office a political one, an engine of
party control over legislation. The Brit
ish method is to choooa a non-member
for its presiding officer and tb keep the
Speakership entirely separate from
party leadership.
THE MORP.IIIXE HABIT.
Dr. Thomas. Crothers, who is recog
nized by the Medical Record as excel
lent authority on Inebriety and the drug
habit, in a recent book, describes, the
morphine habit, whose prevalence is in
creasing, as a far more dangerous vice
than alcoholic drunkenness. Dr. Croth
era finds that of the sales of morphine
In our large cities not one-half can be
traced to the legitimate demand of phy
sicians and hospitals. The morphine
habit Is especially frequent among phy
sicians,, lawyers, business men and even
clergymen. It is hot a noisy vice like
alcohol, and It is not betrayed by the
breath. A few years ago Dr. Crothers
computed that out of a total of 3244 phy
sicians in the Eastern and Middle States
and some of the large Western cities, 21.
per cent were using spirits or narcotics
excessively. A "hypodermic- needle"
mania exists, and itinerant peddlers
carry them for the relief and use of
their customers. When once acquired,
the habit in the majority of cases is
never broken, and brings physical,
mental and moral ruin to the victim.
There is nothing new in these facts
and conclusions concerning the mor
phine habit. Dr. A. P. Grinnell, former
ly dean of the medical faculty of the
University of Vermont, several years
ago made a careful investigation into
the prevalence of the drug habit in the
country towns of his state, and proved
by figures obtained from the druggists
that the consumption of morphine was
enormous. Great quantities of Quinine,
too, were consumed. The' truth-is that
the morphine habit was unknown to any
appreciable extent In the United States
up to about 1840, when the "total absti
nence" wave, known as the Washlngton
ian movement, swept over the country.
Thousands of men who had been users
of ardent spirits to excess for many
years took the pledge, and a good many
of them substituted the opium or mor
phine habit for alcoholic stimulation.
They were able In this way to keep up a
reputation for total abstinence from
liquor for a long time. In Ireland thou
sands who had been persuaded by Father
Matthew to take the pledge became In
toxicated upon ether so frequently that
the government forbade its sale except
on a doctor's order. In Mohammedan
countries, where, the use of alcohol is
forbidden by the Koran, the smoking of
opium prevails to "a considerable ex
tent. There have been some Illustrious vic
tims of the opium habit. The famous
Lord Cllve, the founder of the English
Empire of India, committed suicide in a
fit of mental depression following pro
longed Intoxication from opium. The
use of opium blighted early the line
poetic genius of Coleridge. He used it
first in 1796, for relief from rheuma
tism. De Qulncey used it off and on for
more than fifty years, but he finally
managed to reduce his daily Indulgence
to a very small dose. He cannot be
said, however, to have ever absolutely
abandoned the habit. Some of the dark
passages in Poe's life, previously mys
terious, have by later researches been
exnln'ripd hv: hl nco nf tho nrlontoi
drug. Dr. Crothers thinks that, "bad asM
It is, alcoholic stimulation Is a light evil
compared with the morphine habit."
This conclusion is-justified from the fact
that in many cases alcoholics have been
completely redeemed from the chalnsof
Indulgence, while the.vlctim of the mor
phine habit Is seldom rescued from ruin.
POSTOFFICE SQUARE.
The touch with nature is so close in
Portland that as a community we have
measurably lost appreciation of its
value. We accept the open and .green
spaces of the city, the forests all about,
the open country so easily available and
even the glorious mountain views all
as a. matter of course and with little
thought of the charm which they give to
life here; and it Is only after a sojourn
away from home, where the surround
ings are artificial or commonplace, that
we take in in any conscious way the
beauty and delight of It or realize its
effect upon the mind and the spirit.
And we are little mindful that much of
what goes to give us this close touch
with nature Is merely temporary, due to
the youth of the city, and bound to give
way before its future development.
Nothing can be plainer than that the
whole area on the west side between
the river and the hills Is to be a compact
and dense mass of buildings; that the
open spaces, including the private
lawns, are destined to disappear; that
the shade trees are to give way In
short, that the suburban aspect of the
West Side is to be lost. Already we see
the beginning of the evolution in the' ex
tension of business westward, In the
crowding of houses to the sidewalk line,
in the growth of the "flat" abomination
and a multitude of circumstances which
mark the business progress of the city.
In a time to come, when what has hap
pened as far back as Tenth street shall
have happened as far back as the hills.
people will wonder why, in the making
of the city, we did not save something
more from" the wreck of nature some
thing to afford relief from the monotony
of brick- and mortar and to give variety
and dignity and a touch of charm to the
business heart of the city. And at such
a time how grateful will be the open
space and the bright lawns of" Ppstoffice
Square If it shall be maintained in its
present condition I And if it shall be
lost through extensions of the building;
what a loss It will be to the .future
beauty and dignity of the city!
Really it would be better, should the
Government persist in its plan of enlarg
ing the building, to have the block con
demned and made into a permanent
park than to permit the closing up of
this beautiful open space with exten
sions to the existing structure. Portland
cannot afford to lose thiB bright spot in
her business district. There are other
places which can be made to serve the
useo-of the postal service; this should be
reserved and maintained for the better
purpose of holding for Portland the
close touch with nature, , the most
charming of our local conditions,
which is in danger of being wholly lost
to future generations.
Extremely unsatisfactory, also, Is the
apparent determination of the Federal
authorities to do with the Postoffice ex
actly as they did with the Custom
House. That is, they proceed to con
struct a building", admirable In Itself,
perhaps; but bearing at best a, remote
relation to the uses to which it is to be
put The Custom-Hous has needed ex
tensive alterations, made at great cost
and with exasperating delay, simply be
cause the supervising architect didn't
know what it was t be used for arid
nobody in higher authority took the'
trouble to tell him. Postmaster Croas
man's representations to the depart
ment have been treated most cavaljerly,
and it is the evident purpose of the su
pervising architect to make -a building
to please his own inner consoiousness,
and let the Government's business ad
just Itself to the resultant combination
of rooms and corridors as best it can.
Isn't it about time for Portland to
let somebody at Washington understand
that it is on earth, knows it and pro
poses to be recognized ? Shall the Post
office Square be devastated at will by
the Treasury Department, and the Post
office and Federal business incommoded
ad libitum in order to preserve unruffled
the composure of the supervising archi
tect's acute and powerful intellect?
. The seventh annual report of the State
Board of Horticulture will soon be
ready for distribution. It has already
been spoken of in these columns as a
particularly fine document to send
abroad. TJiJs fact Is due not more to
the practical presentment In. words of
tho condition, growth 'and processes of
horticulture in Oregon than to the illus
trations, which speak through the cam
era of the development to which the
fruit industry in various sections of the
state has attained. A word-picture may
convey to an imaginative person the
beauty, and usefulness of a tree laden
with line apples, pears or prunes, but a
picture of a tree bending gracefully un
der its load, aided in supporting it as
the thoughtfulness of the horticulturist
may suggest; or of a box of perfect
apples ready for shipment, extended to
8000 boxes in bulk ready for packing,
will appeal to the practical man as
proof of conditions in fruitgrowing for
which he is seeking and upon which he
can rely. The report, thus embellished,
will go abroad as a veritable missionary
or as emissary extraordinary of Oregon
horticulture, bringing, as it were, the
fruitage of Oregon orchards to the doors
of- those who are looking for informa
tion concerning them as suggestive, not
only of the present, status, but of the
future possibilities of the fruit Industry
of this state.
The dairy industry Is being farther
and farther removed each year from the
era of the old wooden churn and dasher.
The latest advance has been made by
adding a course of dairying to the cur
riculum of the State Agricultural Col
lege. Most of us who sprang from the
rural districts are still loyal to "butter
as mother made It." But, reviewing in
memory the store butter of the period
immediately preceding the creamery
era, we are fain to believe that old-fashioned
butter-making, for commercial
purposes, at least, is a lost art Modern
dairying is a science. There is no doubt
about it, and to conduct it successfully
it is necessary to know how. This pro
cess the new course in the State Agri
cultural College is designed to teach,
and it may .be hoped that a large class
of farmer boys and girls will avail them
selves of the opportunity offered to be
come familiar with it.
The spirited controversy over Colo
rado Iron & Fuel, and the cross pur
poses distinctly manifest among anthra
cite owners, give some hint of the per
sistence of the personal equation and
the obstacles it is certain to interpose
from time to time in the way of "com
munity of interest." The labor world
also is threatening to rend Itself in
twain over points of stubborn contro
versy. The trust principle may at
length bend human nature to Its will.
But the way will be long and fraught
with many vicissitudes.
We have heard from time to time a
great deal concerning . the healthy
growth of this city. A striking illustra
tion of such growth is seen In the pur
chase by Fleischner, Mayer & Co. of a
half block in the North End, -part of
which has long been covered with rook
eries In which crime breeds and law
lessness runs, riot, which will in- due
time be cleared and used as a building
site for a large brick factory. The com
mercial, moral and physical health of
the city is benefited by this transaction.
We observe with pain that Wayne
MacVeaghis discussing the strike ques
tion with Darrow, the miners' attorney.
What has' Darrow got to do with it?
Is he an employe of the mlneowners?
A Tien for Lelknre.
Great Round World.
. Individuals will rather helplessly reply
to a plea for leisure by saying: "What
are we going to do? Competitors, 'hustle'
and we must do the same or 'Starve."
Some will urge that the American tem
perature demands constant occupation,
that "hustling" is our National trait
Well, I have no desire to insist that we
go back to stagecoach days. But all of
us have plenty of opportunity to tone
down a little. And why not try it? A
National trait may be dangerous as well
as useful may need control. If the aver
age individual would make more leisurely
use of his leisure there would not be
nearly as many cases of nervous pros
tration as there are now. Put on the
brakes a bit Take things a little easier
when you can. I know people who are
never content unless they are "doing"
something. Such abnormal desire for
activity is not natural; it is an unnat
ural cravfng. It will be well for us not
to be so eager to gratify it
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS
Auk Something; Easier.
Albany Democrat.
If -Mr. Geer is not the next United
States Senator; who will be?
Democratic, .bnt Intensely Loyal.
Eugene Register. '
Tennessee gave Roosevelt a mighty
hearty welcome" for a state that would not
think. of giving him its electoral tote..
Yea, If Yon Look at It That Way..
Lewiston Tribune. v
The Indian reservation had to go as
civilization advanced. Similarly civiliza
tion must now recede as the forest re
serve advances.
And Why Not the Borcalls?
Aurora Borealls.
The Morning Oregonian could materially
assist In securing the $500,000 appropriation
for the Lewis and Clark Exposition by
pointing out how a goodly part of that
sum cou'd be pruned, from other Legis
lative gifts.
Also Wnspa and Yelldvrjacliets.
Ellensburg Capital.
The Oregonian has stirred up la, hornets'
nest in this state by coming out in sup
port of Ankeny for Senator. That is its
privilege, but we do not have to send
'him to Washington; but whether we will
or not Is another question.
And the. Barona on His Ncclc.
iredford Enquirer.
President Mitchell, of the Mineworkers'
Union, looms up as the greatest man so
far in the history of coal strikes, and it
is to be hoped he will continue to tower
above the arrogant coal barons as does
a Hon above a mouse. Mitchell has right
and. the people on his side.
Scalping Knives Will Be Otrt.
. ' Milton Eagle.
The principal advocates of the coyote
scalp bounty are men in the sheep in
dustry, and among them there Is a dis
position to have the law repealed or
amended. Some of the strongeot opposi
tion to the law will come from the Mult
nomah delegation, and from counties
throughout Western Oregon. Most of the
money paid for scalps has come from
west of the Cascades, and has been spent
east of the mountains. The proposed re
peal will inaugurate a warm fight.
ZVo Joke for the Governor.
Adams Advance.
Governor Geer has decided against an
extra session of the Legislature. Recog
nizing the importance of an appropriation
for the Lewis nnd Clark Exposition, nev
ertheless the Governor assumes that an
.extra session called primarily for that
purpose would prejudice rather than ad
vance the object desired. And, in addi
tion to this, the Senatorial question was
settled last June, which, to some of our
latter-day political saints, may appear
facetious, but so far as the Governor is
concerned, there is nothing mirth pro
voking about It
In a Wide-Open Town.
Seattle Times. s
What a disgrace it is to Seattle that
such a condition of affairs prevails in
what Is known as the Tenderloin district!
Day after day and night after night a
thousand law-breakers ply their business
unmolested by police or detective except
when one party desires to revenge him
self upon another. Then some den of
Infamy is raided, some outrageous bawdy-house
closed up for an hour or a day,
or even a night and then the whole
species of cussedness and crime goes on
again as if this town were a veritable
Sodom and Gomorrah! Such a, condition
is a disgrace to our civilization, to the
city government, to the police depart
ment, and an outrage upon the taxpayers
who are assessed to protect criminals
and crime that would disgrace the dark
ages.
There Are "Prolihhly" Others.
' Elgin Recorder.
The Selection of a United States Senator
would' be greatly simplified if the domi
nant party was disposed to recognize the
Mays law whereby 'the voters of the
state expressed their choice for Senator
at the June election. At that time a large
majority of the voters expressed them
selves as being in favor of Governor Geer
for Senator, but as this decision does
not coincide with the views of the poli
ticians it probably won't go, and we will
likely have another old-fashioned Sena
torial "scrap" with all its attendant
scandals. While there are probably quite
a number of other Republicans in the
state just as well qualified for the posi
tion as Mr. Geer. the people would doubt
less promptly ratify his selection, if it
was done promptly on the assembilng of
the session, so that other needed legis
lation can be attended to.
AMERICAN0PP0RTUNITIES INCHINA
Kansas City Star.
Mr. John Barrett, commissioner of the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition In the
Orient, calls attention in the current is
sue of the North American Review to
the opportunity for trade extension In the
far East now open to the United States.
The present opening is exceptional, he
says, because American diplomacy is im
plicitly trilsted in China and because
American commerce is regarded as in
volving no territorial aggression.
The. trust of the Chinese In tho United
States diplomatic agents has been- greatly
strengthened by the events succeeding
the Boxer uprising. These are familiar
to all newspaper readers. They date
from Secretary Hay's famous note stat
ing the position of this Government on
the preservation of China's territorial in
tegrity, and include Various friendly acts
down to the proposition to reduce the
indemnity. The happenings of the last
few years have convinced the Chinese,
in Mr. Barrett's opinion, that commerce
with- America is to be sought in prefer
ence to that with other nations because
it may be developed without danger of
the partition of the empire. Therefore
there is an unusual opportunity for
American merchants to extend their trade
in tho far East.
That this -friendly feeling on the part
of Chinese officials is not merely super
ficial Mr. Barrett shows by citing cer
tain Instances of its sincerity that have
come under his own observation. For
instance, tho government has given spe
cial privileges and facilities for con
struction to an American syndicate that
has the concession for a railroad from
Canton to Hankow. Another case of
practical friendship Is In connection with
the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. Mr.
Barrett asserts that he has found re
markable interest among viceroys and
officials in all parts of the empire and
that they have promised active co-operation
in furthering the Chinese exhibit.
He was much impressed by the earnest
ness of their assurance that they desired
to do everything in their power to further
friendship and commerce between China
and the United States.
With the building of railroads the de
velopment of the empire will be rapid.
As Mr. Barrett points out, the merchants
and manufacturers of the United States
are in a position to secure a large share
of the new trade if they will only take
the trouble to go lfter it
Lnhor Unions.
Chicago Tribune.
The critic of labor unions will produce
a greater effect on his audience if he "wUl
mix praise with blame, censuring the
unions for what seem to him their errors,
and at the same time giving them full
credit for all the good they have done for
workingmen. It is altogether true, as Mr.
Kidd said, that the unions have come to
stay. They cannot be scolded out of ex
istence. They are 'a product and a part
of modern civilization, and. as civilization
progresses they will progress also, discard
ing some of their crude methods and their
faulty theories.
EMBARRASSMENTS OF SOLOMON.
Baltimore Sun.
Schoolboys throughout Maryland will be
pained to note a decision of the Circuit
Court for Kent County asserting the legal
ity of the time-honored method of Im
parting knowledge by means of the birch.
In one of the public schools of that de
lightful county, where peach switches are
abundant even If birches are scarce, the
teacher dusted the coat of a refractory
pupil by means of a rod. The parents of
the boy had the teacher arrested upon a
warrant charging fcer with assault and
battery, but the court decided that the
teacher was acting well within her con
stitutional and legal rights. Nothing Is
more common than for judges, in their
conservatism and love for precedent, to
forget that they started life as little boys.
It is not at all unlikely that all three
of the venerable Judges who sat on the
bench and decided this case made a prac
tice in early life of going to school with
the seats of their trousers reinforced with
geographlea In those old days the rod
and the ruler were esteemed as essential
in any scheme of education as the text
books. Solomon was the great apostle of
the rod. He had something like a thou
sand wives, and, allowing five children
to the wife, which was far below the
average in those days, there were no less
than 5000 children in this remarkable fam
ily.. A Breakfast table with one man,
1000 women and 50CO children all gathered
around it at one time, the former all
talking at once in a discussion of the
latest social doings in the Jerusalem F.our
Hundred and the latter all asking for
biscuits, and then Solomon's predilection
for the rod may be understood. He en
forced his views by. precept upon precept,
line upon line. "A rod." he said, "Is for
the backs jof fools." and a schoolboy can
be the worst kind of a fool. "He that
spareth the rod hateth his son." "Foolish
ness Is bound up in the heart of a child,
but the rod of correction shall drive it
away." "The rod and, reproof give wis
dom." "Withhold not correction from the
child: for if thou beatest him with the
rod he shall not die."
Solomon's peculiar situation somewhat
weakens his testimony as lin advocate of
the rod. Anyone would want to use the
rod with 5000 children to discipline. In
tlft.se days of labor-saving devices a man
with his quiver that full would buy a
thrashirfg machine and a steam engine to
run it. The plain intimation of Holy
Writ is that Solomon was a henpecked
man, and but for this fact It is not at
all unlikely that he would have advocated
the rod for wives, as well as for chil
dren. Possibly in his weariness of talk
about new bonnets and the latest pro
gressive euchre or ping-pong party or
pink tea he was hinting at something of
this kind when he mentioned the rod as
a proper thing to be applied to the backs
of those persons who are rvE overbur
dened with brains.
But. after making due allowance for
Solomon m his plea for the rod, is. he not
right after all, and was not the Kent
County Court right in following the wise
King? In the days when these Judges
went to school flogging was the rule, and
it Is not unlikely that each one of them
has this fact impressed upon his mem
ory In the most painful manner. It may
be that without the peach switch not
one of them would ever have reached
the bench. It is greatly to be doubted
whether any boy who never got a flog
ging from his parents or his teachers has
ever yet become President of the United
States. Foolishness is bound up in the
heart of a boy, and no certain way of
driving It out of him, except by the
switch, has ever been devised. And in
the strcn ious days of old, when the bene
ficial results of flogging were universal
esteemed, the men who were raised were
probably as good as those who are grow
ing up under milder rule. The days are
fast coming when the agent of some so
ciety will arrest women for beating eggs
or for having whipped cream on the table.
It is not at all unlikely that there will be
a law to prohibit musicians from beating
time. It is evident that the Kent County
Court has not yet caught up with the
modern Sunday school methods of impart
ing an education. It is Just possible that
they may agree with Uncle Remus that
you can "teach a nigger more learning
with a bar'l stave than you can with a
speliing-book."
EMOT OF HARVARD.
President Eliot's arguments on union
labor convince us that Harvard is in
need of further bequests. Detroit News
Tribune. President Eliot, of Harvard, is rapidly
acquiring doubtful distinction as the
Burchard of labor employers. Providence
(R. I.) News.
The way President Eliot is being sat
down upon should make you real glad
that you .are not a Harvard mm. Hous
ton (Tex.) Post.
Still, there is reason to be grateful
thnt such a dreadful scold as President
Eliot, of Harvard, has turned out to be
is .not a woman. Kansas City Star.
Prollent Eliot, of Harvard, thinks the
Methodists are too emotional. He would
prefer to sneak along the trail to heaven
in a lees demonstrative manner. Denver
Post.
Having lambasted the public schools.
President Eliot has now turned his ener
gies toward roasting the Sunday school.
In his Judgment, there is nothing good
save Harvard. San Francisco Call.
After pronouncing a "scab" "a good
type of American hero," President Eliot,
of Harvard University, should not come
to Butte with any expectation of being
elected poundmaster. Anaconda (Mont.)
Standard. 1
We must add a third president to our
number, Samuel Gompers, who shows his
Indifference to the Harvard College vote
by calling Mr. Eliot a Benedict Arnold
and a Judas Iscarlot Brooklyn Standard
Union.
President Eliot is willing for the rest
of us to work 16 hours a day if we need
the money. While they don't include
that doctrine in the Harvard curriculum
It 13 a side issue which goes among the
general looseness of inspired conversa
tion. Rochester Herald.
Success of Wireless Teleprraphy.
Chicago Tribune.
The latest reports from Marconi's ex
periments in wireless telegraphy as ap
plied to transoceanic communication ap
parently Indicate that his scheme is now
out of the experimental stage, and that
telegraph signals can be exchanged be
tween the old and new worlds. A dispatch
asserts that an Italian cruiser which
sailed from a station on the southwestern
part of England to Nov Scotia has com
municated dally with the mainland and
in mldocean had no difficulty in sending
signals both east and wesr. Signals also
have been exchanged between Cornwall
and Tablehf-ad, Nova Scotia. In a limited
way wireless telegraphy has been In use
tor some little time in sending communi
cations from one steamer to another In
passing, signals between war vessels and
regular reports of passing steamers from
land stations, but never has so much been
done as Marconi now says he has ac
complished. It now remains to be seen
whether wireless telegraphy can be made
a commercial success. Marconi is backed
by a company with plenty of capital, so
that he will not be hampered by lack
of funds- in the development of his sys
tem. Wanted a Joshna.
Atlanta Constitution.
The Democratic party is not hunting any
Moses, tl is neither bound in the" brick
yards of the Pharaohs nor wandering in
the wilderness without water or flesh for
Its pots. It Is In the field, hand in hand
with the Amnlekites qf autocracy, aristoc
racy and un-Amerlcanism. It has Its cour
age with It in full fervor; it knows now
Its issue of battle without further deline
ation; and what It needs Is. a Joshua who
can lead the host with confidence and even
make the sun stand still while .the foes of
the people, the destroyers ofeolual r.ghts,
and the pervcrters of American Demo
cratic, government are put to a consum
mate rout!
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Cold turkey.
Now we shall have' to gQ back to ordin
ary cigars.
The turkeys may now hold their yearly
thanksgiving.
When a man shakes with the ague it'
doesn't mean he wants to make it feel at.
home.
:1
The United States Treasury Is full of
gold. This sounds nice, and many a man
will devise some scheme to rid the Gov
ernment of the surplus.
University of Washington defeated
Pullman, 1G-0; Whitman defeated Idaho;
16-0; Multnomah defeated Oregon, 16-0.
Good heavens, this looks like a suite of 16.
Twelfth street witnesses a sight almost
forgotten now. At nightfall the agile
lamp-lighter makes his rounds, and the
small boy gibbers at the foot of the lad
der. Thus history repeats itself.
A small boy, who lives at Spokane, had
been accustomed to visiting the station
and making friends with the railroad men,
says the Northwest Magazine. He per
suaded his aunt to play train with hlxn
the other day. He arranged the chairs
In a line," and then said: 'Now. you be
the engineer and I'll be the conductor
Lend me your watch and get up Into your
cab." He then hurried down the platform,
timepiece in hand.
"Pull out, you red-headed, pie-faced
Jay," he shouted to the astonished youns
woman.
"Why, Willie!" she exclaimed in aston
ishment. "That's right, chew the rag." he retort
er. "Pull out We are five minutes late
already.
That boy is not allowed to fraternize
with railroad men any more.
Olcf-timers are reminded of a story
about Stuart Robson and they tell It
with great gusto as an instance of the
famous actor's whimsical Rumor. It
seems that Mr. Robson. In the. days of his
youth, wos in the same company with
Forrest. The latter had a voice renowned
for its deper volumes and he was also a
man of uncertain temper. In a play, Rich
ard III, according to the story, Mr. Rob-son's-work
did not please the star. One
night Forrest burst out at Robson and,
after reciting his lines as he, Forrest,
thought they ran, cried in tones of roll
ing thunder, "Mr. Robson, why don't you
use a deep and manly tone, sir?" There
was an instant's silence as the reverbera
tions died away and then Stuart Robson
piped forth in his Inimitable tenor, "Well,
sir, how can I on $15 a week?'
One of the most amusing occasions on
which a Turk tried to conform to Euro
pean customs without quite knowing what
they meant happened when Baron Hauss
mann came to Constantinople on a visit
to Abdul Aziz, the then Sultan. One day
Baron Haussmann had an Interview with
the Grand Vizier, who did not know a
word of French. At the beginning of the
Interview the old Turkish pipes were
brougnt In, and then Baron Haussmann
began making a very long speech in
French. The Grand Vizier could not un
derstand a word, but listened most at
tentively till he noticed that his pipe had
gone out, and clapped his handsfor a
servant to come and relight it Hauss
mann, thinking he was applauding, rushed
toward him with outstretched hand, in
tending to shake hands and thank him.
The Grand Vizier, seeing his hand put
forth, shook it warmly and said, "Good
bye," under the impreission It was Hauss
mann's intention to leave, and quitted the
room.
There lived once upon a time a small
boy whose great delght was whistling
shrilly everywhere he went. Now it came
to pass that his mother, a good woman
and devoted to propriety, was seriously
wroth at her son's propensity for whis
tling. Therefore she chastised him and.
told him to be good. He pursued the path
of virtue for some days till his spirits
got the better of him and he again vented
shrill whistles. Now his mother called
him to her knee and said. "Thomas, the
minister ccmeth to dine; beware lest I
catch thee whistling as do the heathen
who live. In alleys." Thomas, her son. be
took himself to the backyard and there
pondered over his mother's commands.
And as he pondered he saw above him
the green fruit of the persimmon and be
ing witless he took thereof nnd ate. In his
despair he went then to his mother In the
house, and when she saw his lips she
seized him by the slack of hte coat, and
said, "Thomns. don't you dare whistle."
"Whistle!" hissed the boy, "I ain't trying
to whistle; I am plzened!"
Sir Charles Wyndham's famous alterca
tion with "the man in the white hat" over
the merits of a new play was a mere tri
fle in comparison with the debate and
division at a recent first night In an Aus
tralian theater. In the middle of the
third act a gentleman arose in the front
row of the gallery nnd remarket!: "Thia
is a bad play, and the acting Is even
worse than the play." The leading actor
came to the footlights an- retorted:
"You've no right to Interrupt If you don't
like It go outside." "Excuse me," re
joined the malcontent, "I have the right
to criticise what I have paid for. If I buy
a pound of butter and find It bad I say
so. I have bought a shilling's worth of
this show, and It is an imposition. I want
my money back." At this point a stalwart
attendant interposed. Clawing, unparlia
mentary language and smashing of furnl-"
ture ensued. Eventually the champion of
playgoers' rights emerged triumphant
from the fray. Holding a shilling on higm
he exclaimed: "It's all right; I've got
my money back. The play can now pro;
ceed."
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS.
"I'm so glad to see you." she exclaimed.
"Have you been In New York Ions?" "No, I
still have a dollar and a half left." Chicago
Record-Herald.
"Old Gotrox says it was not long ago that
be was very poor Indeed." "Yes; the last time
the tax assessor was around." Cincinnati
Commercial-Tribune.
Wright Does writing pay? Penman I be
gan to think It does not. I have written to
a do:en friends to borrow $5, and I haven't
got a cent. Yonkers Statesman.
Mrs. Waggs I understand that drinking Is
one of your husband's fallings. Mrs. Jaggs
You have been misinformed. It Is his most
pronounced success. Chicago Dally News.
In South America. Tourist You certainly do
have a great many Insurrections. Native Yes;
our Insurrections are as frequent as your
strikes, but fortunately, not as serious. Puck.
"She's jest a-breakln that poor boy's heart!"
"Why what's she been a-doln now?" "Went
to the hog-klllin' with another feller, an now
she's refused to be his company to the
hangln' !" Atlanta Constitution.
Maud Belle said the other day when she
saw you trying to get up such a desperate
flirtation with Youngrox she could hardly keep
her countenance. Maym She wouldn't If she
could help herself. Baltimore American.
"I wish I belonged to a golf club." t "It isn't
necessary-" "It Isn't?" "Oh, no. Just walk
five miles In leisurely fashion and every 20 or
30 yards hit the pavement a hard whack with,
your cana and swear." Chicago Evening Post