THE MO.KNING ORjSGONIAN, TUESDAY; OCTOBKK 21, 19UZ.
Eatered at the Postofllce at Portland, Oregon,
as second-class matter.
REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES.
By Mall (postage prepaid. In advance)
Dally, tvlth Sunday, per month $ 85
pally. Sunday excepted, per year 7 60
ally. with Sunday, per year 00
Sunday, per year 2 00
The Weekly, per year 1 50
The Weeky. 3 months 50
To City Subscribers
Daily, per week, delivered. Sunday excepted. 15c
Dally, per week, delivered. Sunday included.20c
POSTAGE RATES.
United States. Canada and Mexico:
30 to 14-page paper
1 to 28-pajre paper ...2c
Foreign rates double.
News or discussion Intended for publication
In The Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria
bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name
of any individual. Letters relating to adver
tising, subscriptions or to any business matter
should bo addressed simply "The Oregonlan."
Eastern Business Office. 43. 44. 45. 47. 48, 49
Tribune buildinr. Xew Tork City; 510-11-12
Tllbune building. Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth
Special Agency. Eastern representative.
. For sale In San Franc!?"- " L. E. Lee. Pal
fcco Hotel news stand: Goldsmith Bros.. 230
Sutter street: F. W. Pitts. 1003 Market street;
J. K. Cooper Co.. 71C Market street, near the
Palace Hotel: Foster & Orear. Ferry news
stand; Frank Scott. 80 Ellis street, and N.
Wheatley. 813 Mission street.
For tale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner.
" 259 South Spring street, and Oliver & Haines;
305 South Spring street.
For sale in Kansas City. Mo., by Rlcksecker
Cigar Co.. Ninth and Walnut streets.
For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co..
217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald.
53 Washington street.
For sale In Omaha by Barkalow Bros.. 1612
Farnam street; Megeath Stationery Co.. 130S
Farnam street.
For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News
Co.. 77 West Second South street.
For stle In Minneapolis by R. G. Hearsey &
Co.. 24 Third street South.
For sale In Washington. D. C, by the Ebbett
House news stand.
For sale in Denver. Colo., by Hamilton &
Kendrlck. 90G-912 Seventeenth street; Louthan
& Jackson Book & Stationery Co., Fifteenth
and Lawrence street; A. Series, Sixteenth and
Curtis streets.
TODAT'S WEATHER-Occaslonal rain; In
creasing southerly winds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 60; minimum temperature, 44; pre
cipitation, 0.03 Inch.
PORTLAND, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 21.
SOUTHEASTERN OREGON.
Mr. Holman's letters from Southeast
ern Oregon present the general facts of
that Interesting part of the state with a
comprehensiveness . and thoroughness
not hitherto equaled. It Is clearly more
of a country, both In its development
and In Its prospects,' than has common
ly been believed-. Its great elevation
gives It, of course-, a climate prohibitive
of a wide range of agricultural produc
tion, but It Is rather favorable than
otherwise to the stock Industry, upon
which the country now lives, and which
appears to be capable of an Indefinite
expansion. Cattle bred in the high re
gions of Southeastern Oregon attain at
2 years old a size and weight equal to
the three years' development of many
other regions, and the maturity of WI1-lamette-T)red
calves Is surprisingly
hastened by migration to the high feeding-grounds
of Lake and Klamath
Counties. As in other situations east of
the Cascade Mountains, horses bred In
the "rim-rocks'' come early to working
size and strength, and have qualities of
wind, hoof and muscle which bring a
premium in the markets. With trans
portation, the southeastern region
will, no doubt, diversify the forms of
Its production, but If it shall limit its
energies for all time to the animal In
dustries, it cannot fail of a great future.
More and more we are coming to under
stand that this country has a very spe
cial advantage over any other part of
the United States in relation to the In
dustries dependent upon stockbreeding,
and that there can be no such thing as
overproduction In connection with the
stock business. And the fact is one of
great significance In Its relations to the
future of the country of Oregon as a
whole as well as of the southeastern
counties.
The letters above referred to are espe
cially significant In their suggestion as
to the part artificial Irrigation Is play
ing and Is to play in the development
of Oregon. It Is surprising to be told
that 'already the productive capability
of the southeastern counties has been
more than doubled by the Irrigation
ditch, and that there Is a possible five
fold increase still to be attained through
extension of irrigation practice. This
general information with the suggestion
that the so-called waste lands of the
east-of-the-mountalns country are more
valuable for watershed than they have
ever been for range opens up a new view
of the value of a region which was long
believed to be worthless, and whose
greater possibilities are only just be
ginning tobe conceived. The further
suggestion that the state has made a
mistake In turning over a large area In
Central and Southern Oregon to specu
lative adventurers comes none too soon.
Under any conditions the Carey enact
ment was a colossal blunder, and In
view of the recently adopted irrigation
policy of the Government, it appears to
be little short of a calamity; for, unless
there shall be great care to save what
may be saved out of the wreckage it has
made of at least one great section of
country. It will cheat us of very great
benefits at the hands of the General
Government. It behooves the State
Land Board and the authorities at
Washington to spare no effort to hold
all projects under the Carey law to
the strictest account, to the end that
the damage which they threaten to the
public Interest may be confined to the
narrowest possible limits. Oregon, has
already lost a large part of her landed
Inheritance through one grab or an
other and she can 111 afford a repeti
tion of the experience. There are, we
repeat, many reasons demonstrating
that the Carey law was a mistake, and
that harm rather than good will come
from It; and we commend the matter
of its investigation to the Legislature
which Is to convene at Salem In Janu
ary. But the most Important Information
furnished by these letters is that im
mediately related to the conditions of
transportation. Two lines of railroad
are under construction "looking" toward
the Klamath country, both backed by
California capital and Identified with
the business Interests of San Francisco.
Let either of these roads gain entrance
into the Klamath country and possess
Itself of Its strategic routes, and the
commercial hold of San Francisco will
be fixed upon the southeastern counties
for an indefinite time, and Oregon's re
lations to one of its large and product
ive districts will be limited to the mere
political connection. But there is a way
by which this Callfornlan enterprise may
be thwarted arad through which Port
land may reclaim and hold her natural
and profitable relationship with the
southeastern counties. The letter print
ed this morning clearly points out this
way, and in Its own expressive phrase
"passes up to Portland" a presentment
of -facts which deserve attention. Port
land may have this country la the com
mercial sense if she cares enough about
it to provide it with .the means of reach
ing and making use of her markets
The opportunity is plainly, pointed out
If nothing comes of It, it will not be
because The Oregonlan has not done Its
part in plainly setting forth the conditions.
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP OR ARBITRA
TION. Ex-Senato'r David B. Hill, of New
York, In his campaign speeches vig
orously advocates the Government own
ership and operation of coal mines, and
closed his plea by saying' defiantly:
"And If this be socialism, let the Re
publican opposition make the most of
It" Mr. Hlll rests his argument for
nationalization upon the assumption
that labor wars will be recurring evento
of the future development of the coal
fields; that they always will occasion
widespread public distress, involving
the Intenvention of state or National
troops, largely increasing the price of a
necessary of life and disturbing all busi
ness Interests. Since 90 per cent of the
anthracite coal of the world Is In the
single State of Pennsylvania, and only
in ten counties thereof, and since coal,
like water, is a public necessity, Mr.
Hill's plea Is that It ought not to be
owned by Individuals and private cor
porations, who monopolize the supply
for the Nation, who can raise its price
to any extent, who can mine coal or re
fuse to mine it, who keep the people de
pendent upon private ownership and the
arbitrary will of a close communion of
coal operators for their fuel supply. Mr.
Hill holds that since the anthracite
coal combination is nothing but a
great private monopoly, which Is to
day a permanent assault upon the pub
lic welfare, the only remedy is to sub
stitute public for private control.
The nationalization of the anthracite
mines would not be an act without
precedent, but the critics of Mr. Hill
remind him that the obvious conse
quence of Government ownership and
operation of the anthracite coal fields
would Include Government ownership
and operation of the railroads which
carry the coal to market; that the Gov
ernment would soon take over the bitu
minous coal mines, too, with their rail
way lines of transportation to market;
so that this plan would ultimately bring
us to Government ownership and control
of all the coal fields -and railroads of
the United States.
It Is easy to set forth objections to
this taking over coal mines by the state
or Nation for operation on public ac
count. It Is not desirable, but it may
become necessary for the public wel
fare as a last resort, unless the coal
mines are subjected to compulsory
measures for avoiding strikes, lockouts
and all other controversies between em
ployers and employes which endanger
the continuous operation of business.
The Springfield Republican frankly con
fesses that it does not welcome the
thought of the nationalization of coal
mines, and the consequent ownership
and operation of the contingent rail
roads It Implies, but nevertheless does
not hesitate to say that "we must ac
cept the remedy of public ownership
advocated by the Hill Democracy of
New Tork, or we mus adopt a system
of enforced arbitration! of labor dis
putes." This compulsory arbitration
legislation need onlyj be applied to
businesses which standi for public-service
property, like a street or steam rail
road or coal mines. l
The Federal Government should enact
compulsory arbitration Jn the case of
interstate railroads, Trlls could easily
be done by amending arid perfecting the
act of 1S98, which provides, for volun
tary arbitration In the first instance,
but once arbtiration Is agreed upon be
tween the parties In dispute, extended
provision Is made .for the enforcement
Of the arbitration tribunal. Two
changes only appear to be needed to
make this act a practical compulsory
arbitration act, and to extend It to the
anthracite coal mines of Pennsylvania.
The conclusion of the Republican Is that
failure of Congress to perfect the act of
1898 Into one of compulsory arbitration
will force more strongly upon public
favor the plan of public ownership. It
Is to be "either public ownership or the
close public regulation of public-service
corporations, including a compulsory
and peaceful adjustment of labor dis
putes." THE YOUNGER CASE.
Of the three Younger brothers, whose
names were a terror in the Middle West
and Northwest some twenty-five years
ago, two are dead. One died several
years ago from disease In prison, to
which he was condemned for life for
his manj' crimes, and the other but
now by his own hand. The third is
said to be seriously ill.
Through the privilege granted by a
law passed In their .interest, after
strenuous efforts to secure the pardon
of these notorious outlaws had failed,
Jim Younger, who committed suicide
Sunday, and Coleman, the last of . the
trio, were released on parole after
twenty-five years of their life sentence
In the Minnesota State Prison ,had
passed. It may readily be conceived
that a man who had been in prison
twenty-five years, and who previous to
his incarceration had not devoted him
self to any useful or legitimate employ
ment, would find It difficult to adjust
himself to conditions of personal liberty
and Industrial endeavor. It is therefore
not surprising that Jim Younger, who
had been a free man within the limits
of the State of Minnesota since last
July, met discouragements and disap
pointments that he was unable, with
his limited resources in experience and
honest purpose, to overcome. He want
ed to marry, but. alas! though he had
apparently found a woman who was
willing, the conditions of his parole
forbade. He felt competent to give po
litical advice, but some way his efforts
In this line were not appreciated. It
would have pleased him, no doubt, to
pose as a reformer and make his former
exploits in crime the basis for a lecture
engagement, but the agents of lecture
bureaus were tardy about approaching
him upon the subject. Work, In the
sense of manual labor, was not to be
thought of, as he had not been brought
up to It, and, besides, he was 54 years
old. and more or less Incapacitated
physically by numerous old wounds that
he had received In hl9 youth while ply
ing the vocation of train and bank rob
ber. So, though nominally free, the
paroled convict found the world an un
congenial place of abode, and not un
naturally, under the circumstances, con
cluded to quit It It is said to his credit,
however, that he lived an exemplary
life during- the few months of his re
stored liberty.
Necessarily, a nan must tie a misfit
In the world when he has been excluded
from its- activities for a quarter of a
century. The wisdom of a plea that
asks for the pardon or release oh pa
role of a convict under life sentence
who has been in prison twenty-five
years, may well be doubted Under the
best circumstances, the man who has
not found his place In life by the time
he Is 50 years old cannot thereafter be
expected to find and follow a useful,
remunerative vocation. And when a
criminal has passed a quarter of- a cen
tury . under the absolute direction of i
others. It Is neither wise nor merciful
to Insist upon his release. Whether
viewed from the standpoint of justice
or humanity or results, It would have
been better had the law closed this case
against the Youngers by a decree of
capital punishment when they were
convicted of murder twenty-six yeara
ago.
THE POWER OF THE BALLOT.
The real -strength of striking lator in
this country, when we go to the bottom
facta for explanation of its success, Is
the fact that not only Its own ballots.
but the ballots of all the working mill-
Ions of the country, are directly or Indi
rectly sure to be cast against capital If
capital plays tyrant or cheat with labor.
If universal suffrage did not exist In
this country, does anybody suppose
either the Republican or Democratic
party would worry any more over a
coal strike than a coal operator does at
the South, where not only his negro
miners have no votes, but where the
whole race to which his miners belong
is disfranchised? The striking negro,
miners would have the sympathy only
of the negroes, but the negroes have no
votes. If the striking negro miners'
places were taken by others, in event
of a riot, the negro without a ballot
would-' certainly be shot down as
promptly as was the negro nominally
with a ballot.
The universal ballot Is the real
strength of oppressed labor when It
battles against unjust and tyrannical
capital. The votes of the strikers may
be few, but the sympathetic vote drawn
from all parties is always likely to be
large when -the caus2 of labor seems
just; and It is because of this uni
versal ballot that all the famous Eng
lish prophets of ultimate, evil to this,
country have thus far obtained no ful
fillment by events. In 1857 Macaulay
wrote Mr. Randall, the author of the
"Life of Jefferson," that we had .em
barked upon waters In which our' ship
of state would surely be wrecked at last.
When our Civil War was raging Carlyie
chuckled and said, "The dirtiest chim
ney In all Christendom is burning out,"
and as late as May, 1891, the English
philosopher Herbert Spencer wrote a
letter to a friend in Brooklyn, which haa
lately been reprinted in the Eagle of
that city.
Mr. Spencer predicted that the Amer
ican people have "dreadful times" be
fore them "civil war, Immense blood
shed, and eventually military despotism
of the severest type." Mr. Spencer has
visited this country; he was the friend
of this country during our Civil War;
he wishes us well, but on his return to
England he said that while he admired
our people and our country, neverthe
less we were in great danger of be
coming a plutocracy through the inor
dinate passion for money-getting and
the undue estimate placed upon great
wealth, not as a means to a higher end,
but as the end itself. He feared that
our whole body politic would become
blood-poisoned with this passionate love
for superfluous riches for mere riches'
sake; that we should become practically
a plutocracy by allowing banded wealth
to make and unmake our executives
from President to Governor, our Leg-,
lslatures and courts, both state and
National. This practical plutocracy
would soon seek to intrench Itself In
power by, Increasing our standing Army
and making it by sedulous care entire
ly devoted to the Government. Then, if
public disorder camej the plutocracy
would have a military tool selected to
Inflict war and enforce peace through
military despotism.
This sort of thing has happened in
Europe in the past. In fact, the France
that was utterly tired of the republic,
and nevertheless feared the expensive
dpminatlon of a weak Bourbon Prince,
was the France that gladly accepted the
military despot, Napoleon, for a ruler.
Property-holding, plutocratic France
welcomed Napoleon, under whose strong
hand It was safe to trade, to own 'prop
erty, to make and Invest money. But
there is no analogy between the past of
Europe and the present situation in
America, because we have universal
suffrage here, and .when our times of
most heated controversy arrive we are
sure to settle them without any serious
trouble, because the people of all parties
know that If the people are not satis
fied with their laws, their executives,
their Legislatures and their courts it
is their own .fault, since they either did
not use their opportunity to vote or they
abused it by selling their vote, or they
were not wise enough to help elect the
"best possible man. "
Under these circumstances the people
will not blame their Government for
what' Is due to their own sins of omis
sion or commission. They wlil go to the
ballot-box and try again. They will re
tire Presidents that have become offens
ive, and reform the Legislatures that
enact unsatisfactory laws and create
untrustworthy Judges. A people who
endured such a strain on their respect,
not only for law, but for the sublime
equity of National peace and good or
der, as they were subjected to in the fa
mous Electoral College controversy of
Hayes and Tllden may be trusted to
keep from falling into anarchy and
then taking refuge In a military despot
Ism. The ballot Is the strength of' labor
In this country, and because It Is, labor
will never resort to the bayonets of re
bellion, because It knows that by means
of its ballots labor Is always able to fix
the number of Government bayonets.
HOME RULE FOR CITIES.
There Is some merit in the proposal
to amend the state constitution so as
to require that all municipal corpora
tions be created under general laws In
stead of by special acts of the Legis
lature, as Is done now. What reason
is theFe, when one stops to think of It,
why the members of the Legislature
from every part of the state should
have a voice In framing a charter for a
city, while perhaps only one or two
residents of that city are heard on the
subject?
It Is the custom in the Legislature
for the members to leave charter bills
to the delegations from the county In
which the city to be Incorporated Is
situated. Thus, If the City of Albany
is to have a new charter, whatever Is
satisfactory to the members from Linn
will have the support of the rest of the
Legislature. Two or .three men are
thus empowered to change the funda
mental organization of a city, and per-
J haps only one of these resides In the
c,lty concerned. Under this system one
set of officers is legislated out of office
and another legislated Jn. Charters are
framed do as to subserve the private
ends of the men who happen to be rep
resenting the county 4n the Legisla
ture at that particular time. In the
effort to accomplish Improper ends
many matters uf Importance are but
hastily considered, and the charters
often contain defective provisions. Pass
ing charter blllB takes much of the
time of the Legislature,, and the bills
and charters contribute the greater
part of the expense for printing bills
and laws.
The proposed amendment to the con
stitution provides that municipal " cor
porations shall be created under general
laws and not by 'special acts. The
plan as outlined In the proposed amend
ment is to have the legal voters of a
city choose members of a charter com
mission who shall frame a charter to
be eubmltted to a vote of the people.
If they approve It, It becomes the law
of the municipality; otherwise the city
continues under Its old charter.
The advantages of this plan are ap
parent. The framers of the charter
would be directly Interested In the wel
fare of 'the city, and they would be
aided and dlr?cted In their work by
the wishes of the residents of the city.
Since It would be impossible for one
or two men to manipulate a charter so
as to enhance their own personal or
political Interests, there would be no
changing of charters unless there were
first a public demand based upon an
actual need for such changes.
Lady Henry Somerset, who Is to the
work , of temperance In England what
MIsd Willard was to It in the United
States for many years, is now on a visit
to this country in this Interest. She has
a warm personal following, and her
meetings are crowded. Yet the -truth
Is that temperance work Is no longer
follows in the channels dredged by the
eloquence of John B. Gough and kept
open by the vigorous methods of
Frances E. Willard. It has drifted Into
Industrial channels, and has there made
a bold stand against inebriety. Total
abstinence is required by many rail
road companies and manufacturers as
essential to their service, while others
make dram-drinking while on duty
cause for peremptory dismissal. The
old methods of whooping up the pub
lic at open temperance meetings, the
organization of lodges under various
names, with the total abstinence
pledge as a condition of membership,
temperance songs and temperance lec
tures, were useful, and. indeed, pow
erful promoters of temperance in their
day. But they have been succeeded by
the practical trend of affairs that
makes it impossible for drinking men
to hold responsible position In modern
Industrial and transportation business.
The falling off In attendance upon the
old means of temperance advancement
does not betoken Indifference' to temper
ance principles or political collusion
with the liquor traffic. It merely indi
cates a shifting of the forces that make
for sobriety.
The"City Council is not doing itself
any credit by its Inexcusable delay in
affording the Portland and Oregon City
railway access to the few streets neces
sary for its river-shore line from East
Madison street to Sprlngwater. The
application was made months ago, the
franchises are not complicated with the
Imbroglio over recent applications, the
right of way has nearly all been bought
outright and the expenditure of large
sums and the development of much
suburban territory waits on the Coun
cil's action. It is of no use to welcome
visiting capitalists with glad hands and
Jolly them at banquets, only to sit down
in unreasoning obstruction across the
path of their enterprises. The Morris
& Whitehead undertakings here have
been conducted In a b'uslnes3-llke and
enterprising manner, which is more
than can be said for the treatment they
have received at the hands of the city.
It seems as if the people resident
along the Oregon Short Line and Ore
gon Navigation had put up with about
enough Inconvenience and loss as their
share of the penalty fpr the Union
Pacific's Inability or unwillingness to
have Its 'rolling stock cared for by com
petent machinists. It Is a serious in
convenience and loss to have malls
twelve hours late and passenger trains
running at random, and the hardship
Is .one that has about outworn the
patience of business community and
traveling public alike. Is it too much
to ask that under so favorable weather
conditions the Short Line and O. R
& N. should run their trains on time
and connect with the Union Pacific the
best they can?
In Mr. Lord's letter printed yester
day morning, exception is taken to the
use of the Sunday paper by Dr. E. P.
Hill in his discussion of the gambling
question. It Is but just to Dr. Hill
to state that the letter was used in
the Sunday edition against his protest
and his request that it be printed Mon
day. The religious scruples against
Sunday papers, which cause Mr., Lord
such grief are not assumed or violated
In the case of Dr. Hill.
In the 'United States It has been pro
posed to abolish the saloon In the Inter
ests of temperance and ' make people
buy their liquors In bulk to be drunk
at home. But In Austria, the cable
tells us, the new temperance reform
bill restricts the sale of bottled spirits
which ieads to home drinking." Alas,
how hard it Is In any country to keep
the toper from his toddy, at home or
abroad!
Charles R. Gager, aged 17, heads the
list of football fatalities for the season
of 1902. He was a resident of Hartford,
Conn., had his back broken while play
ink football three weeks ago, and died
Sunday night from the Injury. Perhaps
he died In a good cause. At all events,
he Is dead, and football goes qn, merrily
weeding out the weaklings from the
ranks.
The prohibitionists at the W. C. T. U.
meeting deplored Intolerance and the
animadversions that had been cast uppn
their sincerity. Thereupon they round
ly hissed Bishop Potter and denounced
him as unworthy his cloth. The glas3
trust seems not to have interfered with
Intellectual architecture." .
Germany Is very glum over the cessa
tlon of the' coal strike. Germany Is
nothing if not high protection. The
more others prosper, she thinks, the
more she stands to lose. Equally sig
nificant is the joy reported from Great
Britain, where national Interdependence
Is better apprehended.
AWARD OF THE PIOUS -PUND.
Chicago Inter. Ocean.
More than 300 years ago certain pious
Spaniards gave money and lands to the
Jesuit order In trust for the conversion
of the Indians of California. In 1767 the
Jesuits were expelled from the Spanish
dominions and the government took
i,ro.o nf tv,air nmnprtv held In trust
for charitable and religious uses. When
Mexico won Independence Its government
succeeded that of Spain 23 trustee of
this "Pious fund."
In 1S42 the Mexican Government, need
ing money, took possession of the Pious
fund, but agreed to pay Interest upon U
perpetually to the Bishop of California.
With the cession of California to the
United States, In 1S48. these payments
ceased. In 1S69 the United States and
Mexico each appointed a commissioner
to inquire into such claims. Matters upon
which the commissioners could not asree
were referred to an umpire.
Sir Edward Thornton, a British jurist,
as umpire, ruled that .Mexico was in
debted to the Bishop of California ?.
080 Mexican for each year since 1843. TMs
accrued debt for 21 years, amounting to
5904.6E0 Mexican, was paid in full, but on
various grounds Mexico refused to con
tinue the annual payments. The case
was recently referred by the two coun
tries to The Hague International Court.
It was the first case brought before that
tribunal. . .
The court has just decided unanimously
that Mexico shall pay to the United
o ihn nrMiritnrese of San Fran-
n i iwfis? G7 Mexican, ac-
crued since 1S69, and on February 2. 190.J,
and thereafter annually, iorevei . u
. n-n ITInon "RprillPed tO AHier-
lean gold at the present value of Mexican
silver dollars, tms awaru givw
n rrt,.,-n, nf rniifnrnia for misslonary
work among the Indians JG67.42 5, and a
perpetual income ior te .-w
$20,233 97 annually.
At first blush there seems sometning
funtastlc and abnormal In the United
States Government's being a party to a.
transaction which Involves the use ol
the public funds, even of a foreign state
for religious purposes under the Ameri
can flag. The United States, however. Is
merely protecting the rights of Its citi
zens, and carrying out the benevolent
wishes of those dead and forgotten Span
iic T'lev wnntpd their nronerty to
go to their church fpr the conversion of
the Indians or uaiuorma. ahq u. uuhuu
nf rrVirxiP mrifjtpncft thev never dreamed.
and the spirit of whose Institutions they
probably would have regarded as aown
rightly impious, Is faithfully executing
their trust.
The Spanish monarchy, which these dead
and gone Spaniards doubtless thought
as durable as the Christian religion, has
pnn-snrt to p-rtst in tho Western world. The
vast provinces that her sons conquered for
Spain and tneir cnurcn nave oecomc mue
pendent nations. The idea of the divine
right of kings has been repudiated by all
Western civilization. The sovereignty of
the people, expressed by that "Vera Cruz
town meeting which commlrsloned Her
nan Cortez to conquer Mexico, rules the
Western world.
The world in which those benevolent
Spaniards charitably planned and gave
their property for the conversion of Cali
fornia's savages has vanished utterly.. Yet
their benevolence still endures.
H1H Gets a Body Blotr.
New York Evening Post,
. One of the happiest results of the strike
settlement Is the neat exposure of that
arch-demagogue, David B. Hill. As under
a powerful lime-light, we see him, at the
fall of the curtain, caught in th'e meshes
of his own trickery, and left a laughing
stock for gods and men. There never
was a particle of sincerity in his advocacy
of nationalized coal mines. All his sol
emn affectation of interest In the consti
tutional and social aspects of the question
could deceive nobody who knew the man.
Ho doubtless tipped the wink to his Inti
mates all" the while, and said to thom,
"See how deuced clever your Uncle David
lsl" Too clever by half, will be their
comment, now that they behold the bait
which he was dangling before gudgeons
rudely Jerked out of his hands. The
suit should be to knock on the head
whatever chance he might have had of
being taken up by tho Democrats of the
Nation. Such reckless catering to the
follies and passions of the hour as he
has shown himself capable of should be a
proof that he Is as dangerous a man as
Mr. Bryan, without being either as able
or as honest. He had It all so nicely
arranged! The coal strike was to go on,
the people were to get angrier and
angrier, and Hill, with his juggles about
"nationalization," was to nationalize him
self as a victorious leader again. But
thoso dreams of his have vanished In the
cold light of day, and he Is overheard
muttering to himself In the words of the
woeful ballad of Sir Aglovaile:
"Alas, how easily things go wrong!"
Tariff Sentiment Changing.
"Providence Journal, Rep.
"The truth seems to be that In Mass
achusetts, at least however, - It is In
other Eastern states there Is a very
distinct revolution of feeling as regards
the tariff among business men. On no
other ground can the extraordinary ut
terances of various Congressional candi
dates be explained. Although they ex
press a perfunctory saving belief in tho
soundness of a protective policy. It is
tieur mai iney are more concerned with
the exceptions than with the rule, and
that no economic theory has a ghost of a
show before the plain fact that their con
stituents are demanding relief from un
due tariff exactions. They are actually,
though not professedly, standing almost
where tho Democratic candidates stood
when seven of them were sent to Con
gress from -Massachusetts. It Is not
strange that the party leaders are dis
mayed. But it will be strange if their
desperate appeals have much effect.
Dangerous and Reprehensible.
Washington Post.
Ex-Senator Hill's advocacy of the na
tionalization of tho coal mines' is the
most dangerous and reprehensible piece
of demagogy that any prominent public
man has been sponsor for in this coun
try in the past 25 years. No reputable
Democratic newspaper will support this
scheme. If Mr. Hill had any chance of
success In his Presidential ambition this
has wrecked It. Neither the Cleveland
nor the Bryan Democrats will take kind
ly to a new convert to the creed of the
Social Democrats. Tom L. Johnson, with
his Ohio circus, campaigning on the old
16-to-l platform, is not only harmless, but
amusing. David B. Hill, on his public
ownership platform in the Empire State,
is only saved from being dangerous by
the Intelligence and patriotism of the
American electorate His bad break calls
for plain talk, and he is getting it In the
press of his own party as well as In Re
publican and Independent papers.
Olney as a Presidential Quantity.
Washington Star
The reappearance of Mr. Olney In pol
itics should be welcomed by men of all
parties. A strong and courageous man.
he made an excellent Impression on the
country as a member of Mr. Cleveland's
second Cabinet, and his name since when
ever mentioned has always been received
with great respect. Those who esteem
him a Presidential quantity may not read
the situation as clearly as they might,
but they do not overrate the capacity of
their favorite for high executive respon-'
slbilltlcs. They pay him a sincere com
pliment at least and he accepts It in a
way that shows a capacity to properly
appraise that sort of thing In politics.
t
How Would Tliey Vote?
Rochester Herald.
If, when the voters go to the polls
Nov. 4, there was an explicit question to
vote on: "Shall the duty on anthracite
and bituminous coal be abolished?" how
do you suppose they would vote? Would
they regard that as a sacred tariff, not
to be touched? In other words, would
they "stand pat," Mr. Hanna?
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS
Democratic Troubles.
Pendleton East Oregonlan.
Democracy has seen many glimmers of
hope through the clouds that have hung
over the country of late, but with the
coal strike settled and Bryan and Cleve
land and Hill talking, the cloud grows
darker for Democracy.
How Bryan Regards Johnson.
Pocatello Tribune.
Bryan and Tom Johnson are great
friends and mutual admirers, but Mr.
Bryan declines to express an opinion as
to Johnson's eligibility for the Presiden
tial nomination. Bryan acts Just like he
thought Johnson would bo an excellent
man for second place On the ticket.
England Mny Take Lessons.
, Pendleton Tribune.
The splendid compliments of the Eng
lish press on President Roosevelt's suc
cess In the settlement of the strike are
characterized by such expressions as the
"President's triumph," "a great lesson
for British statesmen, "a big . and new
thing." .
Republican Trust Record.
Whatcom Reveille.
Democrats who talk of trusts might tell
us what Democrats have done except talk
to afford relief. As for the Republicans
a Republican Attorney-General of the
United States has just had the Federal
Salt trust enjoined to prevent Its perfect
ing Its combination.
Xo Discredit to Roosevelt.
Waltsburg Times.
It Is no discredit to President Roosevelt
to say th,at today he occupies a more
prominent rlace In the eyes of Europe'
than even Emperor William. Europe Is
Interested in trusts more than it is in
military glory just at present, and Roose
velt is to Europe the embodiment' of the
fight against them.
People Don't Grant tlie Unreasonable
Dufur Dispatch.
The coal barons call for law. They de
clare the miners' union is illegal. Do they
forget, their combination to control tha
price of anthracite is illegal under the
commbn law and by statute? We recall
a famous case where a capitalist by tlie
name of Shylock stood upon the law. He
got. all he asked for and more.
Another Proof of Darwin's Theory.
Olympia Record.
As proof conclusive of the Darwinian
theory of evolution, a monkey has been
found that likes whisky. The animal
might be taught to wear clothing, to eat
with a knife and fork, use a napkin, even
to walk erect, and still It would appear
that theso were simply tricks of imita
tion; but when It gets to drinking whisky!
the scoffers at evolution must admit the
human kinship.
The Snfe Man Pays nis Debts.
Albany Democrat.
A man left Portland this week without
paying his debts, when he was captured
and brought back. This suggests simply
a moral point: Whether you leave a place
or not, pay up and have satisfactory set
tlements with all your creditors. There,
is first-class religion in it, and a complete
lack of religion where you do not do your
best. There are wings on the corners of
square-dealing.
"Voters Have Opinions of Their Own.
Wilson Creek Chief.
This is the time when the party organs
are up in arms against a man who is hon
est enough to express an opinion contrary
to the party ticket. With politics where
it is today It is seldom that there are not
candidates on any ticket who would be
of more service to the community In
private than in public office, and the right
of the voter to keep them where they
will do the most good ought not to be
questioned.
Republican Revision Wanted.
Whatcom Reveille.
The present tariff was made by the Re
publicans. It will be revised by the Re
publicans; and the keynote of that re
vision will be sounded by President Roose
velt In his message" to Congress. There
is some difference between a tariff revision
by the friends of the tariff and an assault
on tlfe tariff by its enemies. Still there
is no objection to Democratic talk of tar
iff revision. If talk Is any comfort they
can talk. Further they will not be al
lowed to go.
An Expensive Sport.
Boise Statesman.
Sir Thomas Llpton proposes to make
another effort to lift the America's cup.
His challenge has been issued and accept
ed, and the time for the races fixed. Sir
Thomas will build another boat, to be
called Shamrock III, and the New York
yachtsmen, will have to build another de
fender. That Is expensive sport. The
money paid by a few is for the benefit of
the whole country, since the races are o
a National character, arousing far more
interest among all classes than any other
sport Indulged In by our people. It costs
enormously to build a boat," but the New
Yorkers seem perfectly willing to furnish
the funds.
Better School Enumeration Needed.
Elgin Recorder.
The Oregon school law should receive at
least one amendment at the coming ses
sion of the Legislature, and that is In re
gard to the time for enumeration of pu
pils. The present law works a decided
hardship on the larger districts and many
pupils as well. The time for enumeration
being June finds a large per cent of the
pupils of the larger districts living tem
porarily at the various sawmills, tie
camps, etc. This fact prevents the dis
trict where the pupils rightfully belong
from getting their portion of the public
school fund, and also causes the pupils to
pay tuition when they attempt to attend
school the following Winter. The law
should be changed to what It formerly
was, making February the time for tho
annual enumeration instead of June, as at
the former time the habitation of the
people Is far more permanent than the
latter date.
Mnlcing n Mine Report.
Baker City Democrat.
There are two ways of making a mine
report, and while both may be correct, the
conclusions may exhibit considerable di
vergence. Some mine experts report gros3
values, others net values. The first could
correctly report $1,000,000 ln sight In a
mine; tho other with equal correctness
might be able to report not $1 "lx sight."
For the property might be so constituted
that while there wag manifestly $l,00O.0CO
worth of or available, yet the conditions
were such to cost $1,000,001 to extract and
treat the ore. It is simply a question of
reporting gross values or net values. As
tlihe goes on the tendency on the part of
the mining engineer examining a mining
propertv will be to report on the basis
of net values. Just which Is the most val
uable depends largely upon the point of
view. The Investor will be inclined to
attach more importance to the report that
Is based on probable net values.
Vulgnr Display on Irritant.
Washington Post.
Wealthy people, living decent lives and
dispensing their means witbxj elf-respecting
discretion, aro a boon to the needy
and industrious within the horizon of
their Influence. But mere vulgar display
and stupid wastefulness create an en
tourage of pampered Insolence fully as
mischievous as the coarse ostentation
that promotes and nourishes It. Honest
men who labor in legitimate occupations
are merely infuriated by the spectacle
of highly paid flunkeys who superintend
dog lunches and monkey matinees. They
recognize in such functions the degrada
tion of labor and their hearts grow hot
against the millionaires who patronize
such parodies on manhood.
NOTE AND COMMENT
'S
The horse cannery at Llnnton Is
burned. This will give the automobiles
a chance.
Dr. Hill suspects Attorney Lord's hu
mility, but hopes In time to make him
look sheepish.
Charles F. Lord intimates" thht Dr.
Hili's salary is pretty large. Nobody
doubts that Mr. Lord Is earning his.
The modesty of the ladles of the W. C.
T. U. led thom to clothe their protest
against the billboard girl in a resolution.
An apartment-house janitor' in New
York shct a man who was trying to get
a breath of fresh air. The janitor will
probably be reprimanded.
James Younger, a reformed outlaw,
when he found he was legally dead, killed
himself. And they have no Law Enforce
ment League In St. Paul, either.
The dispatches state that the Sultan of
Turkey is writing a book and also that
he is near death. Public appreciation
I will be confined to the latter event.
A late survey proves that Oregon has
steadily grown.-' At the present rate of
growth Seattle will be In Oregon within
the next 20 years. Seattle is booming.
According to National President John
Finnerty, England has starved to death
over 1,230,000 Irishmen in the last 60 years.
America i3 the Irish heaven. If immigra
tion reports are to be trusted.
President Killner, cf the Law Enforce
ment League, says: "By our work3
shall the public know" us." Several at
tempts have already been Ihade to get
at the Inside of his organization.
At tho recent German military ma
neuvers near Frankfort-on-the-Oder the
Kaiser distributed a number cf his pri
vate brand cf cigars to soldiers, sen
tries, outposts and" pickets. Whenever
he found an Isolated soldier he stopped
a moment, had a chat with him and left
behind one 'of his cigars. These cigars
are made from Havana leaf, are 5 inches
In length and cost his Imperial Majesty
30 cents each.
Mnic. Nord'ca, the opera singer, is
mistress of the ungentle art of punching
a bag. This is a daily exercise with
her, as she considers that it gives oppor
tunity for all necessary muscular train
ing and subjeqtion of adipose tissue. The
punching bag Is a compromise. She de
sired to learn boxing, but It was pointed
out to her that an accidental blow on
the neck or chest, even with soft gloves,
might wreck her vocal career.
Governor William Alexis Stone, of
Pennsylvania, who is so much in tho
public eye these days, Is a giant in stat
ure, standing 6 feet 4 inches in his stock
ings arid weighing over 250 pounds. Hls
physical dimensions carry with them their
own penalties, not the least of which
is that no Pullman car has a berth long
enough for him, so that when traveling
at night he spends- most of his time in
the smoking car. As a mere boy he
served in the Union Army and was a
second lieutenant before reaching hi3
20th birthday.
Princess Mathildc. of Saxony, is de
scribed as a modern Amazon. She is
large and of a masculine appearance and
gait. She spends most of her time on
horseback . or driving. In the evening at
the King's summer resort she usually
takes him odt for a drive, holding the
reins herself. She is highly educated and
most men in her circle hate her because
one of her favorite amusements is to
engage them in conversation on some
subject on which she knows they arc not
informed and then make them feel their
Ignorance In a humiliating way.
James A. Skllton has sent to the Brook
lyn Eagle a copy of a letter written to
him In May, 1S94, by Herbert Spencer.
Mr. Skilton thinks it a prophecy of the
present situation in this country. "In
the United States, as here and else
where," wrote Mr. Spencer, "the move
ment toward dissolution of existing so
cial reforms and reorganization on a so
cialistic basis I believe to be Irresistible.
We have bad times before us and you
have still more dreadful times before
you civil war, immense bloodshed and
eventually military despotism of the se
verest type."
The shrewdness of the Oriental is pro
verbial, and here's another example of it:
During the last campaign a prominent
man In this city was asked by his Chineso
garderer the meaning of the political
turmoil. He explained to Gong as well as
he could the state of -the case, uelng the
word "King" as a convenient term to
designate Mr. McKlnley and Mr. Bryan.
Later the gardener came and asked:
"McKinlet ketch um one dollah all same
100 cents?"
"Yes. Gong."
"Blyan, he ketch um dollah all same
four-bits?"
"You bet," was the reply.
The election was over, and the business
n.-an was in a happy frame of mind. It
was early in the morning, and his gardener
came around and beamed genially over
the place. "Heap good!" he cried to tho
business man. .
"Whv, what's up now, Gong?"
"Heap good! Heap fine! Allee samee
Heaven!"
Further inquiry elicited this and this
only: "Four-bit King no ketch um-"
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Bobby-Pa. what is a mtser? Pa-A miser,
son. .is a man who counts his lumps of anthra
cite every night before he goes to bed.-DUrolt
Free Prc.s.
"Don't let me Interrupt you," said the man
with the agent's sample case. "I won t. said
The man at the desk, busily writing away.
Chlcago Tribune.
Gladys How did Belle come to refuse that
millionaire? Edith-He swore he was only 50.
when he was really oyer .0. and she. poor girl!
believed him. Judge.
"Brother, what kUid of a thing Is a maggot?"
"My goodness, Dolly, what an lgnorantness!
Whv that's how papa made all his money by
belrig a coal-maggot'" Brooklyn Life.
Judge-'-You are charged with using' horribly
profane language. Prisoner But, your honor.
I was trying to make soft coal burn In my
hard-coal furnace. Judge Discharged! Chica
go Dally News.
Mother You have disobeyed me. Tommy.
Didn't I say no when you asked me for another
piece of cake? Tommy V.'cll. maybe you think
I don't know what a woman's "no" means.
Town and Country.
"So my son threw a lump of coal at you."
"He did," answered the Indignant pedestrian.
"Well, I'll attend to his case. From his ex
travagance you might think we were million
aires." Washington Star. .
"Here's a painting only three-foot square,
which sold for $100." raid the Blllvllle citizen.
"The goodness gracious!" exclaimed a listener,
"I'd paint the four sides of a two-story house
for less than that!" Atlanta Constitution.
Richard Hello, Bob. got back from your va
cation? Had a good time this Summer? Rob
ertI should say I had. I suppose you haven't
heard I found a nice little wife up In the
mountains. Richard Did you Had out who lost
J her? Boston Transcript. '