THE MOVING OEEGONIAN,'. MOSpSAT, OCTOBER 6,- 1902. CRESCENT CITY, CAL, PAST HISTORY PRESENT PROSPERITY AND GREAT FUTURE POSSIBILITIES OF THRIVING TOW CRESCENT CITY. Col., Oct. 1. Spe- :cial.) To properly describe a city or a country the writer ' must presume every reader Is more or less ignorant. In order that a lew mav not say the description is lack ing in detail. To describe Crescent City Jn a lew words we would say: atx iso lated, but a prosperous little city." Lo cated on the shores of the Pacific Ocean about 30 miles south of the line between Oregon and California, 100 miles by stage 'line over the mountains from Grant's fPaes, Or.,- 100 miles up the coast by -stage from Eureka, Cal., and 2S3 miles by steamer north from San Francisco, 6hows nvr fay eixmv nra 1tn nplrrhborlns? cities rThe population Is about 1000 (the census of hsoo said 699). and there are at least 230 mien on the pay rolls in the factories and teawmills. so that money is not scarce, t-work is plenty, and the town shows evi dence of permanent prosperity. Away back, in 1S53 there was a lively scramble through Crescent City out into ithe mines, particularly those at Sailor Diggings, near Waldo, in Oregon, and business was lively and men made money rapidly. "Wages for a common laborer fwere then 55 a day, carpenters 53 and $10 a day; f relghthandlers received fl an hour, !nd men who worked in the saw mills $80 a month and board. Steamers and sailing vessels brought goods into Cres cent Bay from San Francisco, lightered it off to the shore, as- there was no wharf, Kind long strings of mules were driven 5out through the mountains and supplies were furnished to the miners in Jackson, Uosephlne and Douglas Counties in Ore gon, and Del Norte and Siskiyou Coun ties, in California, Those good times con tinued until railroads in Oregon and Cali fornia brought cheaper methods of freight 'transportation and then the large stocks of goods In wholesale houses at Crescent City gradually were reduced and only the retail trade remained. In 1S69 Messrs. Wenger," Essweln and others built a small aw mill out at Lake Earl, threo miles from" here, and it has been gradually en larged until now Its dally capacity is about 40,000 feet, and in 1871 Messrs. iHobbs, Pomeroy and others built a saw mill here in Crescent City, and gradually the plant was increased by adding steam ers, wharves, railroads, box factory, etc., until now its value Is over 51.000.000, and the daily .capacity of the saw mill is 73,000 ieet,v These pay-rolls having gradually grown Jarger the town has grown snd Is now quite prosperous. Tnls may be illustrated Jby a comparison of the statements of the Del Norte County Bank, organized in 'iMay, 1900, with a paid-up capital of $25. 000. In December. 1900. It had on deposit. according to Its published statement, $51,- 418, and in June, .1901, 5S6.G31. in jjeccm her, 'ISOl, the deposits were 593,051; in xJune, 1902, 5101,012, and on September 22, $123,178, she-tag a healthy growth and the prosperity of the community. The -principal Industry in Crescent City is lumbering. The firm of Hobbs, Wall & Co., incorporated, . controls the stock in the two steamers which ply between San Francisco and Crescent City; the wharf out into Crescent Bay; the railroad 14 irJles out into the timber and to Smltn River Corners; the box factory, a .large stock of general merchandise; the saw mill; machine, car and blacksmith shops; several blocks of residences In town; sev eral hundred acres of land adjoining Crescent City, and several thousand acres of timber and .pasture; land in Del Norto County. The management or tne wm -"-Hobbs, Wall & Co. has been sagacious wise, and althpugh the firm has al most unlimited, power here, it has not 8,quced the privilege - and consequently is well spoken of by its employes for fair V 'I wages and liberal treatment, uuuu& we Fpaet month there has been a change in 7 -the ownership of "slock' in the comrSany. . .-...,.. TM-iUr.T- mnv Vir re- ana WIlcLt IUU imaic mains to be seen. " ' 1 The wages paid in the saw mills range ilrom $35 a month arid board (or 55 and board yourself) up to as high as $1500 a year,' but nearly all the men receive from ' $35 to 545 a month and board. A single man can save money at those wages. A young man who came .here irom. Wiscon sin last February has worked ever since at 533 and board, and told me -a- few days ego he now had nearly 5250 saved up, which ie at the rate of nearly $30 a' month saved: A man who for the past 14 years had -Worked here, went away this Spring to -visit his relatives in the Old Country and is said to have taken away With him about $4000 savings. But It Is bard work. As one of the men at the mlljs said: "AH the work about a sawmill is hard." Mr. Alfa is day reman in the mill and draws a salary f about 565 a month, but he minus ne earns" more than every cent of It, so when 3Ir. Marhoffer. the manager or tne com pany, who had under his arm a large machinery catalogue. joKingiy usKeu. -m. Alfs one day, as though he were a book agent, "Would you like this new worK" the answer given him very erapnaticany "was: "Not much. I've got all the worK I want." It shows that in order to. earn salary a person must work, no matter I where ho is. Men who are willing to work hard can always find employment here, end at fair wagea Crescent City is very attractively lo hced. From Crescent lighthouse around "'ate bay in front of the town and down the coast for five miles la a hard, sandy 'beach, wblch is a. splendid driveway or . place for riding a wheel. At low tide along the beach are found places where erabs are caught and clams can be dug. d among the gravel are found colored bles. which, when ground and polished ke beautiful jewelry settings. Towards ! West stretches the broad Pacific Ocean end along the horizon may be often seen rthe steamers passing from San Francisco north to Portland or on their return. The western beach shore is high and rocky and has many small, rocky Islands near the shore and during the Winter months, when the heavy storms from the north come, the waves beating along this shore for several miles make a roaring which sounds very much like the rumbling of a hundred freight trains coming. It is grand sight to see the waves break against 'the bluffs of rock. One quite popular eminence is a rocky point about SO feet high, called "Lover's Rock," and on Sun day afternoons it almost always nas ap . ajroprlate visitors. Beyond it is Woody Island, which can bo reached at low tide, but can be scaled only by clambering up 'among rocks and roots and using a ladder sl nart of the was. Pebble Beach is beyond this, about a inlle and a half from town, and every 'visitor to Crescent City spends at least an hour or two there. The deposit of iKravel is on a hard body of cement bed- rock. and varies according to the action of the storm waves, being 10 feet deep at lone season, and 100 feet Wide and a half a mile lone, and at some other time only a Xew yards wide, and that perhaps partly covered with drittwooa. bome quite vaiu iable stones have been found there, one being valued at $500, but the majority are Sworth from no value" to ?iu eacn. The colors are white, and shades of -white in red, yellow, blue, green and black, with markings of moss, spots. streaks and drops of water, and in sizes ranglne from a plnhead to the size of lien's es:g. There is n. good investment open for some one to secure about 20 cres of this land, clear part of It for a park, erect a ealt water bathing tank. provide grounds for campers and adver tise it as a Summer resort. The land on which Crescent City is Jo cared elopes gently from the ocean back for a distance of rait a dozen uiocks, reaching an elevation of probably 50 feet. mad the level lands tnen extend norm ward for 14- -or 15 miles, being farm and pasture lands, interspersed witn umoer, To the east the hills commence about two miles back, and there begins the famous belt of redwood timber. 1 miles wide and extending entirely through tho county north and south. Tho bottom lands of and several thousand cows are annually pastured; and the forests of this county are so extensive that it has been esti mated that 20 average saw mills will re quire 100 years to cut it all Into lumber. The maSn business street of Crescent City faces along the shores of the bay. There are about CO business houses, In cluding thiree hotels, 14 saloons, two drug stores, two meat shops, two livery stables, one bank, twie laundry, two general mer chandise stores, racket store, two millin ery stores, two Jewelers, two harness ehops, one tJln store, two tailor shops, two blacksrnflh .shops, one pork-packing fac tory, one ice manufactory, one soda works, one ojera house, two barber shops, two shoe stores, two doctors, five lawyers, two newspap srs, one photo gallery, one grocery, one takery, a dozen secret lodges, one restaurant, a telephone exchange, one news depot, a brewery, electric light plant and several entail systems of waterworks. There are three churches. Catholic, Pres byterian and ilethodlst; twoschoolhouscs, high and grammar grades; a courthouse and jail, and a county hospital and poor farm. Mrs. Nellle'M. Duncan owns the electric- light plant and is the only woman on the Pacific Coast managing such a business. The city usfs 100 llghte, paying $90 a month, and nearly all the stores and bet ter class of rrsidences are so lighted. A practlcaf electrician, with about $4000, could consolidate with citizens here the electric light plant and waterworks and have an exceedingly profitable Invest ment and good; sajary. as the city urgent ly needs better fire protection and is win ing to pay rfor It. The business men of Crescent GiXy are up to the avsenage m push and enteaprise. and as all lie$ of business are conducted on very short and-llmited credits almost cash, and goods are sold at a fair profit. the merchantf: are making money wher ever they en.toy patronage. Every line is fairly well represented, but nothing is suffering from under-coinpetitlon. At the present time firewood Is dlf flcult to obtain: for a supply through tho Winter, and the wood business offers an opening for investment. A .sash, door and moulding factory would pay here. Wild blackberries and huckleberries are in tho woods everywhere, and a cannery might profitably handle this crop, and in addition can early vegetables. There are many creameries vin the county, but no doubt there is room for more. There Is a profitable opening here for deep sea fishing,- which has been tried on a limited scale. For 22 years past D. S. Sartwell has been tho local weather observer nere, and makes dally reports to Portland and San Francisco. During the past month of Au gust the highest temperature was 75 deg., and the lowest 40 deg. The rainfall was .06 of an inch. The number of clear days was 15; fair, ,11, and cloudy, 5. The tem perature for tine past eight years is as fol lows: 1S94, highest during year, August, 75 deg., lowest, .January, 32 deg.; 1S95, high est, September, 83 deg., lowest, January, 31 deg.; 1895, highest, August, 79 deg., low est, February, 1 dog.; 1S97, highest, July, S7 deg., lowest February. 31 deg.; 1S9S, highest, 72 "deg., lowest, February. 29 deg.; 1899, highest, 7C deg., lowest 27 deg.; 1900, highest, SS deg;. lowest,. 32 deg.; 1901, high est, 71 deg., lowest, GO deg.; 1902, highest, September, "77 deg., lowest, January. 31 deg. The- total rainfall during the year 1S94 71.44 inches; 1895, 47.52; 1S9C, 82.21 and 1S97, C4.S5 inches. Tho weather Is' neither very warm during the Summer, nor very cold during the Winter.. Geraniums, fuch sias, calla lilies and roses live out of doors all Winter tnnfl may often be seen in bloom every month of. the year. The flower gardens here are an attractive fea ture of the country. There are excellent public schools, con sisting of a high scSiool with a four-year court;,- In charge of Professor W. W. Fogg, and a grammar school, with Mr. George E. Mortenseii as principal, with ah e"Ight-yea'r course, pr eight grades. Six teachers are employed dn both schools and the wages range from fCO to 512a a month. The number of pupils -enrolled is about 200. November 6, there wilUbe held a state- and county election here. Among the can didates we note: George H. Crawford, Democrat, for Sheriff; J. B. Endert, Dem ocrat, for Tax Collector; James McNulty, Independent-Deniocrat, for County Clerk; J. M. RIchert, Independent-Democrat, for Auditor and Recorder; John L, Chllds, Re publican, for Superior Judge; F. Cruslus, ReDUblican. for Tax Collector; ujv. xait, Democrat, for District Attorney; u. w. Rice. Independent, for Treasurer; W. J. Murphy. Democrat, for county uierK; a.. E. Winters, Independent-Democrat, for District Attorney; Eph. L. Muslck, Dem ocrat, for School Superintendent; A. A. Barnebunr. Independent, for Auditor and Clerk. Del Norte County is quite evenly divided politically, but the Republicans have a majority of about 30 votes on polit ical lines. Now, as to the future possibilities of Crescent City. A railroad is projected from Grant's Pass, and tho copper mines in the mountains, to this place; another railroad is projected from Eureka, in Kumbclt County northward; and a rail road from Coos Bay, in Oregon, south ward. There are copper deposits in the mountains in various directions, and men of wealth are obtaining possession of "them and considerable development work is be lng done, and ultimately railroads must be built to connect with routes of trans porta tion. Eastern lumbermen Have pur chased large tracts -of fine timber lands, and "more saw mills will be built, with more railroads for logging and transport ing lumber. The dairy Interests of the county are .constantly increasing and the present production of about 1,000.000 pounds of butter annually, will eventually be doubled. The Crescent City-Grant's Pass railroad survey, wnien was oegun a montn or two ago, and for which the surveying parties are still in the mountains, commences at an island in Crescent Bay, called Whale Island. Years ago It was a whaling sta tlon, and the rendering of the oil from the whale blubber was done there. It has plenty of deep water for vessels, and It is said, will be the site for the copper smelt er, which win employ iwj men. Tne survey passes up Smith River, through and across the redwood timber belt, and up tho tributaries of Smith River through vast forests of sugar pine and yellow fir timber, and out In the mountains where are numerous prospects of extensive cop per ledges, and thence to Grant's jpass. The road has very many sources or reve nue, such as copper ore, lumber and logs, and the Summer travel from Southern Oregon to the sea coast, and the travel over it from the coast to San Francisco and Portland, in order to avoid a sea voyage. Tne projectors oiims rumuau are attending strictly to business ana ask ing no unreasonable favors, nor making any rash promises. All that they have asked from the people in crescent ny Is right of way, depot grounds and ter minal facilities, and at the proper time these will bo furnished. Crescent Bay needs some Government work done, and a jetty built, about 4000 feet lonir. to protect tho harbor from the storms coming from the South. There is an abundance of suitable material at hand for building It, and the cost will not be more than $500,000. With the advent of the railroad from Grant's Pass the Ore gon and California Representatives In Congress will be petitioned to ask for an appropriation, and It will be obtained. A survey of the projected sea wall, made many years ago, shows that tho greatest depth of water to be crossed Is about 40 feet, and that only a short-distance. The sea wall will reach from the high point. where the lighthouse stands, out to Steam boat Rock, in Crescent Bay. If the work were let out by contract, it could be com pleted In a very few years. A railroad Is already being built north ward from Eureka, and each year the gap will be made shorter between Crescent City and Eureka, and- It Is only a ques tion of a few years when there will be an all-rail route from this city to San Francisco. There is an urgent demand for the road to move.tho redwood timber In Del :Norte Countfei to market, and the men who are buying such large tracts of these timber lands will also build rail roads to brine It Into market. Redwood Iocs and lumber are unlike pine or fir logs. as they cannot be floated or, rafted, con sequently land transportation to navigable water is the only outlet for it. If a railroad is built from tho South to this point. It is going to be continued northward along the Coast In order to find some connection with a transconti nental road in the North. It Is a very peculiar fact that the redwood forest vir tually stops at the California line, and it Is said that not more than one or two red wood claims are found in Oregon, but there are magnificent forests. there of fir. pine and cedar, which will require the building of many new saw mills and give employment to hundreds of men' in the mills and logging camps. Tho present condition offers excellent opportunities for men of capital to Invest money which will return handsome profits In a very few ears. Attention needs only to be called to the many resources of this favored sec tion to attract the money now lying Idle In Eastern banks for Investment here. Men who have money seeking Investment cannot find a better field for investigation than In this part of the country lyln along the shores of the Pacific Ocean. Property In Del Norte County Is assessed at a Tair but not excessive i-aluatlon and the county is out of debt and warrants are paid upon presentation. The tax levy is low, being only 19 mills for state and county purposes, and In Crescent City the levy this .year Is only 3 mills. All prop erty Is taxed and there arc no exemptions consequently all classes are interested in economical government of county and city, and a low tax levy rate. Crescent City has an excellent brass band of about 0 pieces, and during the Summer months a series of enjoyable open-air concerts is given for the enter tainment of the residents. The mountain streams abound vlth trout, the mountains with deer and bear, and the lakes with myralds of Wv-ld ducks. Lake Earl, near here, is a famous hunt ing ground for ducks during the Winter, and the eportsman's club here has erected a neat and commodious lodge on the lake shore, with stoves, bunks and place for safely storing the hunting boats, and members of the club enjoj rare sport each year. The lake Is about nine miles long and from a narrow water course to three miles in width. It is also filled with trout, which are very gamey. The writer was shown a sample of ce ment rock found on the shores of the ocean near Orescent City, which has been recently ground and tested. It proves to be a very superior quality of cement. The deposit is said to be extensive, the natural rock being of a gray color, but when ground turns to a handsome brown and Is very hard. This deposit will prove of great volue when improvements are made in tho harbor here, as it Is of easy access and sets under water. There are many deposits of black or magnetic sand in Del Norte County, and attempts have been made with varying success to extract the gold. The beach along Crescent Bay for several miles Is rich in deposits of gold-bearing sand. H. Buergermeister, of San Francisco, Is in stalling an extensive plant about two miles from town. Messrs. Lauff, Rice and several others have a sand mine, and re cently sent a sample to the Department of the Interior and received a report. We quote from the report: "Its Initial weignt was oo ounces; separated into a magnetic portion, weighing SO ounces and non-magnetic portion weighing 2t3 ounces. Tho magnetic portion assayed 330 pounds of nickel to-the ton. The non magnetic portion contained only a small amount of platinum, but the assay gave gold values of $978 20 per ton, for such concentrates. I return herewith the gold, and inclose in this 14 cents in currency. which is the value of the nickel at 47 cents per pound. (Signed) David T. Day, Chief of Division." One of the points of Interest to-visitors here Is the Government lighthouse. It is situated on a rocky headland, which is an island at high tide: It was built In 1S36, of stone quarried on the Island, and cost $30,000. J. H. Jeffrey has been the light tender for the past 27 years. The tower is SO feet high above the water, and contains a fixed white flash light "Visitors can reach the llghthouso about three hours dally, and the official visiting days are Tuesday and Friday, when they are matle welcome and shown up Into the tower any time between 10 A. M. and 4 P. M. Four blocks back from the beach of Crescent Bay Is "The Plaza," two blocks of land covered with a growth of native evergreen trees. It is owned by the city and is used as a place for public outdoor OREGON CITY'S FINE DRINKING FOUNTAIN I i j it ill ",Mf.a!wwwMi?M!aaafli ABOUT THE PIOUS FUND OUR LONG - STAXBIXG DISPUTE WITH MEXICO. History Which Involves the Story o the Rise and Fall of the Call fornia Missions. -r mm ""f JaltiUCTJiU JUV OtiAClvAMAi COliNTV HUMANE SOCIETY. OREGON CITY, Oct. 4. (Spccjal.) The Humane Society has erected a bronze water fountain at the southeast corner of Seventh and Main streets, in Oregon City, for the purpose of supplying water continuously for both Individuals and animals. The fountain Is about 12 feet high, made of wood and bronze, and set on a cement basement, about three feet square at the base. It is provided and equipped with a watering trough for horses and animals, and a continuous stream from a separate main for human Individuals. The funds to defray the expense of its construc tion were raised by-the special efforts of the ladles of tho Humane Society and by popular subscription of the business men' at a cost of $150. Us location in the most busy corner of the city has already made this humane enterprise an Indispensable addition to the city, and stands as an evidence and monument of the good work being done by" the Humane Society. gatherings. City, water and electric lights are supplied, and it is'the general camp ing ground of people who come over the mountains to. enjoy the ocean breezes ana rustica.to during the hot season. There are threo church buildings the Catholic, Presbyterian and Methodist and the membership is said to range In the order given. Tho Presbyterians and Methodists have modern-built church ed ifices, and during the coming year a fine Catholic church building is to be erected, a whole blocK or land navmg been do nated by a lady member. Services of other denominations are held here occa sionally. Our next letter will give attention more especially to lumbering, dairying, farm ing, hunting and mining in Del Norte County. E. C. P. CAMP ROOT DRYING OUT. led to serious rioting. Twenty-elgpt cars wero wrecKea, ana tne police had dim culty In restoring order. Many arrests wero made. The present strike started last Saturday. STORM IN -DEATH VALLEY Bnllcllngrs Wrecked, Animals Killed, People Injured. IX)S ANGELES, Cal., Oct. 5. Advices from Balkirat, Inyo County, the point from which Death Valley expeditions are outfitted, tell of a .terrific wind and rain storm that swept over the 'Panamlnt Range several days ago, doing great dam age to property and. Injuring many per sons. Porter Bros. House, the leading hotel In. Ballarat, Was wrecked. The dining During the past week there were gath ered in The Hague ttta arbitrators who are. to adjust the most unique, longest continued and least heard-of international dispute that ever arose, says the Chicago Record-Herald. It Involves a vast sum of money, and carries with It the touenmg story of the rise and fall of the most remarkable of America's historic religious Institutions the chain of Franciscan mis sions that stretched along the Western .coast, where Its magnificent ruins are crumbling today, pitiful reminders of the glory of the past. The controversy Is between the United States and Mexico over what is known aa the "pious fund." For six decades' this fund has been overwhelmed In the vortex of the Mexican treasury, but eight months ago the State Department took up tho case, and a final settlement seems as sured. Sir Edward Fry, of- England, and A Demartens. of Russia, are the arbitra tors for the United States, and Mexico's representatives are Pagana Guenas Chill, of Italy, and Savornln Lehmann. of Hoi- land. At this meeting they will select. a fifth arbitrator, and it is believed that before the end of the month" the full tribunal will have completed Its task. Intricately Interwoven with the heroic history of the early Spanish missions Is this strange tale of the "pious fund of the Callfornlas." Founded more than two centuries ago to aid the Jesuits In con verting the Indians on the Pacific Slope and the southern peninsula. It survives tho vicissitudes- of time and the rreed o'f pilfering monarchs. Continued efforts by the Roman Catho He church In California for more than a quarter or a century failed to provoke a response from the "Land of Manana" un til 1S75. In that year Mexico paid to the United States accrued Interest amounting to nearly Sl.OOO'.COO. It was asserted by the dons that this payment extinguished tho claim, but now Interest amounting to more than another $1,000,000 Is. due. Pay ment of principal and Interest is to be arbitrated. Archbishop RIordan. of San Francisco, has gone to The Hague to pre sent the Catholic church's claim. Regarding the actual amount of the pious fund no one can speak with cer tainty. The most reliable estimates place It at $3,000,000, and upon a sum approxi mating this figure the Interest Is under stood to be calculated. There are varying estimates. However, of the original value. Mere figures can convey no Idea of the religious fervor, apostolic zeal and human suffering that Is hound up In the history of tins fund. Its origin is shrouded In the glamor of antiquity. Great men of. the 17th century freely gave of their worldly store to hasten the evangelization of the Spanish possessions. Mighty conceptions of religious conquest spurred those proud and haughty hidalgos. tew endowments have left such lasting Imprints on civilization as that of the dons. Fortified by this foundation of wealth, the Franciscan fathers pushed through the wilds of California, estab lishing in the unexplored country a com plete chain of missions. They braved the savagery and superstition of the natives and sent their expeditions from Mexico as far north as San Francisco. Many tribes of Indians were gathered into the fold, arid transformed by their labors into neophyte, children of the church. What great hopes, trials and sor rows were experienced' by these intrepid men amid their almost superhuman la bors! But-for the plous f und these ex peditions by land and sea would have been Impossible. At a later period; for want of Its golden strength, the missions monuments to the sufferings and privations of the friars were abandoned. They became but piles of adobe historic ruins that still excite the curiosity of tens of thousands of tourists who yearly visit the Pacific Coast. During the administration of Don PIo Pico, the lest Mexican Governor of Cali fornia, the missions passed Into private hands. Some were sold, others rented. Father NarcLso Duran, the last of the Franciscans to brave the poverty of those dark days, died In want. The "gringo" had come. Imperious Santa Anna, greedy and wlll- dertaking. Salvatlerra finally sailed from the mouth of the Yaqul River and reached California with a Corporal, five soldiers and three neophyte Indians. With this force he aimed at no less than the, con quest of the country as far north 'as Cape Mendocino. But this task was destined to.be' left to other hande. Father Ugarte remained in Mexico as procurator of the fund until the Jesuits were driven from the country In 1768 by royal decree. The trust then developed on the crown and the missions in Upper California were given to the Franciscan and those in Lower California to the Dominican friars. The memorable march of Father -Ju-. nlpero Serra, one of the Franciscans, from San Diego to San Francisco, was not be gun until 1769. This holy man. after untold hardships and privations, laid the founda tion for the missionary system, and M3 labors were one of the most potent factors In the early upbuilding of the Golden Gate. Each mission, when established, was given an endowment of $10,000 from. the Pious fund, and from the revenue thU3 derived the padres were able to carry on the work of civilizing the rel men. On the declaration of Mexican independ ence, Mexico succeeded the crown of Spain as trustee of the fund, and a junta was established to administer It. Finally. In 1S36, the Mexican Congress provided an annuity of $000 to a miter If a bishopric were established In California, and grant ed to the incumbent the care of the Pjous fund. An episcopal diocese was thereupon established by Pope Gregory aVI, and' Francisco Garcia Diego was made bishop of tho see. Bishop Diego had ambitious plans. At Santa Barbara he laid the foundations for "a monastery, cathedral, ecclesiastical pal ace and theological- school, to t? built with the revenue from the fund. In February, 1S42, before the work was well started, dominant Santa Anna Issued a decree an--nulling his right to hold the money of the friars and placing the fund In government control. Later In the same year the fa mous decree was issued by Santa Anna whereby the fund- was sold to Don Saraio for $2,000,000. Tho work of Santa Barbara was stopped and tho retrograde movement began. Santa Anna agreed to pay 6 per cent In terest for the support of the missions, but the promise was never kept. The doors of the Mexican treasury were sealed against the Franciscan friars. For years all trace of tho fund was lost. John T. Doyle, now living near Menlo " Park, Cal., and the late Eugene Casserly were retained to discover what had be come of the fund. After 10 years of care ful research, many of the deeds were traced through the discovery of an Inven tory, long burled, made at the time of the seizure by the venerable Don Pedro Ramirez. Sufficient evidence was gathered to bring the matter before the Mexican Claims Commission that sat in Washing ton In 1870. Under tho convention which determined the powers of the commission no claim so old as the Pious fund could be con sidered. Demand was made for the In terest accruing since the treaty of Guad alupe Hidalgo in 1843. The commissldners were dlvded In opinion, and the case was carried before Sir Edward Thornton, then British Ambassador in Washington. where it was brilliantly argued for tho petitioners by Messrs. Doyle and Casserly and opposed with ability by Don Manuel Asplros, of Mexico. The decision gave the United Statesone-haIf of the interest on the fund, amounting to $904,000. The money was distributed among the Cath olic churches from Salt Lake City, Utah, to San Diego. Cal. There are four rare books extant con taining the evidence "Introduced at tho former Inquiry and the decision of the referee. Mr. Doyle has one. Archbishop RIordan has another, the third Is in tho possession of the State Department, and the fourth is held by the Right Rev. George Montgomery, Bishop of Angeles and Monterey. Los BLOOD ATONEMENT. Fair Sunday to Prejnre for Continual tion of Mnnenvers. FOR RILEY, Kan., Oct. 5.-Sunday at Camp Root was devoted to the drying out process. The heavy clouds that have hung over the camp "for the last four days cleared away during 'the night arid the sun was iinobscured from dawn to 'sun set. The soldiers took advantage of the opportunity to air their damp bedding. This was the last day In camp for the, Kansas men and early In the morning General Bates, accompanied by his aid, Captain Reeves, rode over to tho camp. He was given a most enthusiastic recep tion and just before leaving made a short address to the men. He said that he was glad that they had been able to come to the camp, as it had enabled the Govern ment to show to the ofllcers from other states how the Government would treat the men who came to future maneuvers and thereby encourage, other states to send their troops to Fort Riley when the maneuvers shall be repeated next year. The military problem for tomorrow Is the attack and defense of a position. Major Leach, of the Engineers, will have command of the position and will have In his command the Sixth Infantry, the bat talion of engineers, two batteries and a squadron of cavalry. General Kobbe, who will load the atacklng force, will have all the troops at the camp under his command. The position Is not to be heavily fortified, the terms of the problem calling for hastily constructed entrench ments. It is expected that tomorrow's work will prove one of the most Interest ing of the entire scries of maneuvers. room, which occupleis the middle of the house, was blown completely away, while fUi in his sway as president of the Mexl- uie rest oi uie uuuumg was leu imuui. can Kcpubllc. indirectly caused tne con- Four persons who were In the-dining- trol of the missions to pass temporarily Rioters Wreck -S Street-Cars. GENEVA, Oct. 5. A meeting of the striking employes of the street-car lines room were hurled about. Waitresses re celved a number of bruises about the head. The cook suffered a fracture of- the left thigh, being tossed a distance of 30 feet Two miners were severely bruised The iron roof of Porter Bros", store, op posite the hotel, was torn off and tossed several hundred yards. A small store, which adjoins, was demolished, and the Ballarat Hotel suffered extensive .dam ages, one sldo being blown off and the furniture of many rooms being hurled Into the streets and broken A saloon nearjby was turned completely around. "Many Tesldences- were blown .tp the ground. Eight persons, besides the boss of Porter Bros.' Hotel, received In juries. Many of these were, struck by flying mlsBlles. A number of horses and mules were disabled. Several burros were Kiueu. iNoooay was -Kiiiea, so rar as known, but news has not yet been" re celved from Death Valley or the outlying camps of Ballarat, which were in the course of the storm. The damage done to property by tho storm is estimated at $30,000. Ballarat Is located on the west side of the Panamlnt Mountains, 30 miles from Death Valley. That Mormon "Doctrine Not Behind Hooper Yonng's Act. SALT LAKE, Oct. 5. The seventy-sec ond annual conference of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints Is In session here and the officials are refuting. In the most emphatic language the pub lished statements that the murder of Mrs. Pulitzer, of New York City, by Hooper Young, was due to the Mormon doctrine of blood atonement. President Ben E. Rich, of the Central State Mission of tho Mormon Church, who has Just returned from tho Ea3t, said: "The murder Is magnified In every way In the newspapers. They try to bring tne blame for the crime upon the church. They say In flourishing headlines that, this murder resulted from tne doctrines of the Mormon church. They say te Mormons believe In blood atonement. So do all Christian nations; .they believe or pretend to believe in the atoning blood of Christ for the sinful. But they say tho Mormons believe In another kind of blood atonement. Well, we do to the same extent that every state In the nation be lieves In it that a man who sheds an other man's blood shall have his own blood spilled by the law. "This we believe and nothing more, w e do not believe In strangling the crim inal or executing him In the electric chair, but we believe that 'he who spills .man's blood, by man shall hl3 blood be spilled,' and thank God there were.enough In the constitutional convention ot mis state who realized the meaning of this to srlve a murderer the choice of being from the church. In 1842 he practically confiscated the Pious fund. It then con sisted of real estate, urban and rural. mortgages and collateral securities repre senting more than a' century and a half of careful administration by the friars and the Spanish crown. By decree it w.as sold for $2,000,000 and the money covered Into the depleted Mexican treasury. The fund had been pillaged at Intervals, and credits amounting to $1,000,000 were held against the treasury. In 1C63 the crown had Invited the Jes uits to undertake the task of gaining a foothold on California soil, which had proved too great for the soldiery, but it was 54 years later when the religious order made the attempt. The Jesuits of fered to effect the reduction of the conn- try without expense to Spain if allowed I hanged or having his blood spilled by RECREATION". If you wlh to enjoy a day of rest and pleasure, take the O. R. & N. train from Union depot at 9 A. M. for a short trln up the Columbia, returning, If desired, by boat from cascade locks. Tickets and particulars at O. R. & N. ticket office, xniru ana wasnmgton. to select their chil and military ofllcers In the new domain. Tho burden of the task fell upon Fathers Juan Maria Sal vatlerra and Francisco Euslblo Kino, who were fired with amazing zeal to civilize the Indians. These men started tho Pious fund. To reclaim California from the heathen was their cry.. Don Alonzo Davalas. Condi de MIravalles, Don Mateo Fernandez de la Cruz and the Marquis de Buena Vista each gave $1000. Other noble dons con tributed until within a very short time the fund' amounted to $15,000. Don Pedro de la Slerpe, then treasurer of Acapulpo, added a gllllpot to transport the mission aries. From 1697 to 1745 many large con tributions were made. shooting if he had any regard for tho teaching of God left In him." Mr. Rich then read a signed statement made In the presidency of the church in 18SD, in which they denied that any apos tates had been killed, or that the church advocated or permitted any such teach ings and In which they denounce murder as the most heinous of all crimes. Contin uing, Mr. Rich said: "Some years ago a minister of a church in this city murdered two girls, carved them to pieces and burned their bodies in a furnace. Did the Mormons say he was following the doctrines of his church? No, they knew if he had followed the teachings of his church he would never have done such a thing, and if Hooper Young had followed the teachings of the Every day Increases r.nd sale of Carter's The reason Is that when once used relief is- sure to follow. Don't forget this. Tim cnlntpd Fathpr Juan Uerarte noted via imrrmnoo ntntnrp. n. well as f or . Mormon church he would have been out ts tne popularity nls zeal as a missionary, and Father In the streets telling tne wicKeu ot uivn. Little Liver Pills Francisco Maria Piccolo, shortly joined sins Instead of languishing In Jail as he Fathers Salvatlerra and Kino' In the un now Is." PANORAMIC VIEW OF CRESCENT CITY, CALIFORNIA. vrater-tank at the Hobbs, Wall & Co.'s Sawmfll. At the extreme left Is seen Crescent Bay, r-.T.rr,r.-r-.r irrr.' i fr, - .w. f . -rf-Rr nf Hwiwiit dltv ta ken from an elevation of 100 feet, from the top of the iBLiawi.u jM.t.x, wi-t.. - ' . , . . . . . j- .i j-i 4i. o.,tn Tho lnrfn hnlliHntr in Tit pcfiter of ioivn fx flip ennrthnnne. In the distance Is tne 1 acme ucean. ine xnree smojtesiucMjs io. iae lurcBruuuu " " - - " The railroad seen In the street Is naea for transporting lumucr irom xnc mms out o w wu u. iu me icamcw, xnence lio irliarf. and the Crescent lighthouse that to the left the grammar schoof building:, and. that to the right the high school to Sas Francisco and ether ports. Tel Nort-jCounty---r "the Jalry iwd, 1 'J.M.-...-----'t' :.. -lM.t. Mil 2l3 i