THE MORNING OBEGONrAN, MONDAY, SEPTEMBEIT' 29; 11)02.
FOR SCALP BOUNTY
Address of Representative
Elect Williamson.
UPHOLDS LAW HOW IH FORCE
ABSYrers Chief Objections and Sboiv
Up Good Results Before
Oregon Sheepmen1
Convention.
PENDLETON, Or., Sept 17. (Special.)
Following Is the full text of an address
delivered recently "by Congressman
elect Williamson before the annual ses
sion of the Oregon Woolgrowers' Asso
ciation: Mr. Chairman, and Gentlemen of the
Oregon "Woolgrowers' Association: Two
years ago, in addressing a meeting sim
ilar to this, at this place, and upon this
subject, I used the following language:
"The history of progressive civilization
is largely a repetition of wars on bar
barous tribes of men on the one hand;
on the other, the elimination and stamp
ing out of wild and destructive beasts."
Continuing along this same line, I said:
"It occurs that the interests of civiliz
ation and the welfare of the wolf do not
go hand In hand. The interests of one
are inimical to the welfare of the other.
In order that the wolf may replenish the
earth, civilization must recede and visa
versa."
At that time I believed that doctrine to
be true. I have found nothing since to
cause me to change my opinion, all the
field mouse and rabbit theories to tho
contrary notwithstanding.
At that time the State of Oregon was
reaping the whirlwind In the matter of
expense as a result of two scalp-bounty
laws one just enacted one passed two
years previous.
The first law, which was created at the
Legislative session of 1808-9, while it
served the desired purpose so far as the
destruction of predatory animals was
concerned, failed to provide revenue to
defray tho expenses. It, therefore, fell
to the lot of the session of 1900-1 not only
to enact practically a new law on this
subject and to provide the money to pay
the expenses, but to provide means for
paying the scalp certificates issued under
the old law, amounting. In round num
bers, to the sum of 5120,000.
And yet, I will say, for the encourage
ment of the friends of this measure, this
was accomplished by the last Legislature
in the face of exactly the same opposi
tion that the law -now has, when, at the
coming session, it will only require one
half or even a less amount of state aid
in order to continue the present bounty.
As stated, we were confronted two
years ago with a double expense account.
Those of us who were handling the
measure in the Legislature at that time
were hard pressed to find a suitable place
to bring in. or rather, to ring In, the
$120,000 in such a manner as not to arouse
the opposition sufficiently to break down
the law.
How well we succeeded may be Illus
trated, I believe, by this audience. Prac
tically all present are . taxpayers.
Most everj' one present is what is termed
a heavy taxpayer, and I doubt mater
ially If there are a half-dozen in this
audience who can stand up and tell me
how that $120,000 was paid.
I mention this Incident, not for tho
purpose of exploiting anything in, the
nature of smartness on the part of the
Oregon Legislature God forbid, but for
the purpose of demonstrating to you what
an inconsiderate sum 5120,000 is, when
properly applied, to a great state like
Oregon, and to serve as proof to you,
further, that this state Is not going to
be bankrupted if it should be required to
contribute somewhere between $23,000 and
$50,000 a year for a few years more for
the purpose of finishing up this under
taking. ;
Objections to the Lavr.
Objection can be and is raised to any
state law containing an expenditure of
public money. Even the expenditure of
so much money as Is necessary for the'
care of tho unfortunate insane is criti
cised by some people. There are many
who doubt the expedlencj' of paying out
so much money for the establishment and
maintenance of state colleges. I, my
self, might be considered among this
class. And. yet, while there are those
who oppose the principle Involved In the
state undertaking to occupy the profes
sional or classical education field, it can
not be denied that great good is being
accomplished by these costly institutions
of learning.
In its State University, Oregon will
soon have an institution ranking with
many similar institutions in much older
and wealthier states, from which educa
tion In all the scientific and classical lines
is disseminated free of charge. The
same may bo said of the branch Institu
tions of the same nature in different lo
calities throughout the state.
Objection Is raised by many to so much
outlay in the care of our criminals,
many contending that our state peni
tentiary should, and could, sustain Itself.
But it cannot at least does not, and we
are compelled to tax ourselves from time
to time for its support.
The small amount appropriated for the
perpetuation of the salmon fishing In
dustry is objected to by many, on the
ground that in its application it is local
in its nature, when it has been clearly
demonstrated during the past two years
that by the expenditure of a comparative
bagatelle on the part of the state for
salmon hatcheries, the fourth greatest in
dustry of Oregon can be preserved indefi
nitely, if not materially Increased.
Objections and criticisms of those whoso
duty it is to dispense the public funds
have always been, and will ever remain,
a fertile field wherein false prophets ply
their trade and demagogues thrive and
fatten.
The scalp-bounty law a law put upon
the statute books of Oregon with some
hesitation on account of the known cost,
based upon the experience of other states
has not escaped. It has come in for its
full measure of criticism and obieotinn
The objections to the scalp-bounty law
may ne enumerated as follows: .
First Tho cost of maintaining it
Second The difficulty exnerlenpfl In
keeping out scalps from other states not
.navinjg a bounty.
Third That it Is merely a sheep law.
Fourth Decrease in coyotes and sup
posed consequent increase in rabbits.
These are the objections most frequent
ly heard, and might be divided into two
classes, real and fancied. The first two
objections belonging' to the first class,
the third and fourth objections might
easily be classed as imaginary or fancied
objections. r
I might mention one other, in the case
of a gentleman whom I met over In
Gilliam County during tho campaign last
Spring. A friend of mine who wished
to give me a proper send-off introduced
me to him as the "gentleman who had
it strictly in for coyotes and all such."
The gentleman replied that I was tho
man he was looking for. "I wanted to
explain to you," said he. "that you and a
few more like you have about ruined
my business." I tried to explain to him
that I was a candidate for Congress
and that. In all probability, the scalpl
bounty question would not come up in
that body for consideration.
He said: "That doesn't make any dif
ference to me. It is up for discussion in
Oregon and you need not expect to get
my vote." He -went pn to explain that
he had jus branched out nicely three or
four years ago in the staghound business.
when along came the bounty law and
made, such a scarcity of vermin for. the
hounds to 'chase that he could not dis
pose of his increase. Consequently tho
hounds had thickened on bis hands until
they were eating him out of house and
home. I have thought since, that there
was about as much logic in this gentle
man's objection to the Jaw as a number
of others I have heard of being urged
against It.
The first objection, as to the cost of the
law. Is a real, tangible objection, or
rather,obstacle in the way of the law.
No one denies that it will cost a great
deal of money to rid Oregon, Eastern
Oregon In particular, of the coyote, for
he is the chief offender. It has cost
other states large sums of money, and
Oregon Is paying the same price. Mon
tana has paid out under Its present
bounty law nearly $350,000. or more than
twice what Oregon has. Wyoming has
paid out $115,000 under Its present law.
Idaho made a beginning at Its last Leg
islative session but I have failed to learn
how much money It has expended under
the law.
Cost of the Scalp Bounty.
The scalp-bounty law Is regarded as
essentially an 'Eastern Oregon measure,
for tho reason that in its Immediate bene
fits it applies chiefly to this section of
the state. "We own the bulk of the
coyotes. I lay particular stress upon
this vermin, lor when ho is removed all
others of his kind will disappear inci
dentally. The bounty was put upon our statute
books as an Eastern Oregon measure,
and if it is maintained, it will be by the
special effort and request of the people
of Eastern Oregon.
So far as its continuance is concerned,,
it can and will be continued if this sec
tion of the state is a unit invfavor of It.
If, after a four years' trial. Vre are di
vided in opinion among ourselves as to
its benefits, it will be discontinued. It
is a case of united -we stand, divided we
fall. If, after a summing up of the four
years' expense, we, or any material
portion of us, conclude that it is costing
tho state too much money In proportion
to the benefits derived, the law can and
will be repealed without any serious ob
jection. t
Speaking for myself, it is my desire to
go upon record as one who believes the
law should be continued one who be
lieves, that, taking the money out of the
pockets of certain of our citizens, and
putting it into tho pockets of certain
other of our citizens, and in the trans
action destroying the coyote and saving
a loss of five times the amount of tho
money involved In the transaction, is a
good investment. I want to go on
record, as in favor of continuing the law
for the reason that it is a direct benefit
to the home-builder the man from whom
so much is expected in the way of ex
ploiting the great undeveloped resources
of Eastern Oregon. I want to go on
record in favor of a continuance of tho
law, since its feasibility-has been estab
lished, and since the great majority of
the expense has been paid. For these,
and a number of reasons equally as valid,
I do not want to be misunderstood, I am
in favor of the continuance of the law.
When a $2 bounty was first ad
vocated, those opposed to tho measure,
using tho experience of California for an
example; argued, among other objections,
that such a law would bankrupt the
state.
The law has now been in existence for
nearly four years and Oregon has never
in all its history enjoyed the financial
standing it does at this moment. While
we have paid out during that period
$170,000 or $150,000 of state money for tho
maintenance of the bounty law. there is
not a half-dozen taxpayers in this aud
ience who can tell where the money came
from and how it was raised. i men
tion this faotr not for the purpose of ex
ploiting the ignorance of the Oregon
woolgrowers in such matters, but to Illus
trate how difficult it is to bankrupt a
great state, and to illustrate the small
ness of the amount when compared with
other state expenditures.
Let us take the one Item of the amount
of money appropriated during the past
four years to our state colleges for a
comparison. The state has paid out dur
ing that pcfrlod on account of Its state
schools the sum of $450,293, a sum almost
equal to three times tho amount paid
under the bounty law.
Nor do I want to be considered aB crit
icising the expenditure of this amount of
money for state colleges on "the ground
of extravagance. The Sta'te of Oregon
pays out but little over half as much
money for the support of Its state col
leges as either the States of Washington
Montana or California. '
In this connection I will digress from
the subject In hand to speak a word in
Justification of the average Oregon Leg
islature. We frequently hear an ex
pression from unthinking people, of tho
Immense amount of money squandered
by our state Legislature. It does cost
money to run a great state.
And in thp general -40-day mix-up which
constitutes the term of a Legislature it
Is a difficult matter to . discover every
single leak of the public funds big or
little. By comparison only are we en
abled to discover whether or not in tho
grand total we are overstepping the
bounds of propriety.
I want to cite to you the fact that
notwithstanding wo have a bounty on
predatory animals, and, further, while
there Isno such an outlay in the Stato
of Washington, the entire amount of
money raised by the State of Oregon
by the last annual tax lew amounted
to $895,000. This was the total sum re
quired to be raised by the State of Ore
gon. -While over In the State of Wash
ington there was levied and collected for
tho same I purpose, not Including funds
for a scalp bounty, for they have no
such law over there, the sum of $L970,
2C6, or more than two and a quarter times
as much as tho State of Oregon.
I make this digression from the sub
ject in hand, for two purposes:
First, to speak a word, just ono -word.
In behalf of the Oregon Legislature'
Second, to Illustrate that Oregon is neith
er being bankrupted, nor is It being ma
terially Injured flnanJ1ally, by the pres
ent bounty law.
By virtue of our present law the stato
pays two-thirds of the expenses Incurred,
while the counties in which the scalps
are taken pay the other one-third. This
principle was taken from a scalp bounty
law that has been In force in Minnesota
for many years. It was adopted for two
reasons; first, as a means of guarding
the state from the scalps from ad
joining states having no bounty.
It being supposed that the County
Clerks under the direction of the County
Courts, having Immediate supervision,
provided each county was directly liable
for a portion of the expense from the
scalps within its own borders, would
have this additional incentive to guard
against any such undertaking to come
in from adjoining counties or states.
Second, it provided a means of grad
ually removing the burden of expense
from tho state at large, and placing it
upon the communities where predatory
animals continued to be found.
It being the Intention of the framers
of the law to amend it the following
session, so that the state would only
pay half the amount and later on to
amend the law so that the state would
only pay one-third and the counties two
thirds, and so on.
And I would suggest as a suitable sub
ject for discussion at this meeting,
whether or not the time has come tor
either of those amendments.
Scalps From Bordering: States.
The second objection is also a rea.
obstacle in the waj4 of the ready accom
plishment of tho purposes of the scalp
bounty law. In fact the chief difficulty
encountered by those who had in charge
the framing of the measure both four
and two years ago was to devise some
means to guard the border counties of
the state.
Different plans were suggested, nbno
of which bid so fair of success as the
one incorporated in the present law,
wherein the proper amount of evidence
sufficient to prove tho Identity of the
scalps was left entirely with the County
Clerk.
After a close study of the workings
of rur scalp laws, as well as having had
to do with, the construction and enact
ment of both. It is my Judgment, that
this Is the mo3t serious objection to the
present law and tho most difficult ob
stacle to overcome In order that the
Stato of Oregon may practically free her
self from the loss sustained from pre
dators' animals.
For, if we are , compelled to pay for
the destruction of coyotes from adjoining
states In order that wo may have the
privilege of paying for our own if we
can devise no means of protecting our
selves from the Influx of scalps from
bordering states having no bounty, the
law will and should surely fall.
The real and correct solution of this
feature of the case Is for the surround
ing states to Join in the crusade against
these destructive pests. Montana and
Wyoming have laws similar to ours.
Idaho began 'the work at its last Legis
lative term, giving a $1 60 bounty on coy
ote scalps, the money to pay for the
same to be raised by a special levy of 1
cent per head on all sheep owned In the
state.-
I have been unable to learn how the
law is working In that state, but I sur
mise it is giving about the same degree
of satisfaction that a similar law gave
In Oregon about four years ago, and
from which their law was copied. Our
law worked very -well until' it came to
paying for the scalps, and the means
suggested to raise the revenue came
squarely in conflict with that principle of
our istate constitution which provides
that all taxation shall be just and equal,
and that all classes of property shall be
exempt from special taxation.
At the last session of the California
Legislature a measure similar to our
present law was enacted, but was vetoed
by the Governor, on the chimerical ground
that it would bankrupt the state. If such
a measure has ever been tried In a
Washington Legislature, I have "not been
ablo to discover it
"Upon this feature of the question I
deem It proper again to raise an In
quiry as to the Intents and purposes of
this and similar organizations in adjoin
ing states. What are we here for? Are
we""here solely for the purpose of being
entertained by the open-handed hospi
tality of the good people of Pendleton?
Here to pass a number of regulation reso
lutions and go back home hugging our
selves because we are part and parcel of
the great and only Oregon Woolgrowers
Association? Or are we here for business?
Here to devise ways and means to over
come some of the real obstacles of our
.calling? If we are here for work here
to accomplish something, there is not a
single question to come before this meet
ing of such momentous importance as to
devise some means, to inaugurate some
plan to protect in this particular, the
present law we have here in Oregon that
Is fast ridding the stock Interests of this
place from the ravages of the wild beasts.
Some of us, -in our Legislative capa
cities, have labored, threatened, com
bined and swallowed all manner of vile
stuff that comes to a Legislator by virtue
of what is known as log-rolling, In order
to bring about tho condition of freedom
we now enjoy from the ravages of these
pests, and I think It 1s not too much to
say, that it is the duty of the stockmen
and farmers of Oregon, Eastern Oregon in
particular, through this and kindred or
ganizations, to see to it that thi3 one
dangerous rock Is removed or in some
way avoided.
No blind demand through a formal
resolution urging the state to continue
tho bounty In spite of this ugly leak Is
sufficient Through discussion, backed
by a determined purpose to act earnestly
and intelligently on the part of this and
like organizations, Is the only way this
obstacle will soon be overcome, in my
Judgment At this tlme'I-vwill only drop,
as a suggestion, that money be provided
and a committee bo appointed whose
duty it shall be to confer with the live
stock associations of Idaho, Washing
ton and California.
Not to ascertain what they have done,
or, rather what they have not done along
the line of a similar effort to the one
we are making In Oregon, but to urge it
upon such organizations that It is of
immediate importance that the work be
taken up by those states at once.
One or two active men selected from
among the stockmen of this state should
be sent and remain present at the com
ing sessions of the Legislature in each of
those states, amply supplied with data,
based upon the experience with the law
here In Oregon, sufficient to blast the dog
ma that any of the great Pacific States
are going to be bankrupted, or In any
way financially embarrassed, by giving a
sufficient bounty for the destruction of
predaceous animals.
Proof sufficient to repudiato any such a
mistaken doctrine Is to be found in the
experience of our stato during the past
four years. Any state that can and does
afford to care for its insane and criminal
wards, keep up all its legitimate outlays
and pay out a half million dollars every
two years for collegiate education, as does
the State of Washington, can amply af
ford to pay for the destruction of its wild
beasts, when it can be proven that such
destruction need only cost the stato in the
neighborhood of $50,000 per annum.
The state boundary provision of our
present law, it .must be admitted, is not
a complete success. A close study of the
amount of money paid out "by the state
to the different counties during tho past
two years reveals the fact that there is
a marked increase during that period. In
scalps taken in a number of the bordering
counties. Some means must bo devised
to amend tho present law so as to better
protect the Interests of the stato in this
particular until such time as the border
ing states shall enact similar laws, that
being, as before stated, the only really
effective remedy.
Rabbits.
Fourv years ago, when tho question of
scalp bounty -was advocated in Eastern
Oregon, wo were all of one mind. I had
the honor, or tho disgrace, as may be, to
Introduce and champion the scalp meas
ure In. the House of Representatives at
that session of the Legislature. And I
know from letters received at that time
from all over Eastern Oregon, that the
people of this section of the state, re
gardless of class pr calling, were a unit
and up In arms in favor of a bounty.
A certain friend of mine wrote me short
ly after the bill became a law and .said:
"With me, It Is not a question of whether
or not the law will be a good thing, but
it is a question of how the d 1 you got
it through the Legislature."
At that time no one ever dreamed of
such a thing as a rear fire from Eastern
Oregon. We were a unit then in favor of
a state bounty, and we got it Two years
ago we stood practically the same, and we
got it again.
But, from what I learn from occasional
bits of information gathered here and
there from, the newspapers, we are about
to develop a full-grown case of domestic
infelicity. The rabbit man has put in an
appearance, and Is abroad in the land
preaching a peculiarly strange doctrine,
and, strange to say, is making a number
of converts In some localities. I notice,
as a rule, the thicker the rabbits tho more
plentiful are his proselytea
I am not going to stand hero and argue
to this meeting that a coyote would live
to a ripe old age in Eastern Oregon and
never, during his -whole lifetime, kill a
single rabbit And yet I am convinced
that a coyote would do Just such a thing,
provided chicken-coops and sheep camps
were plentiful enough.
A rather too close acquaintanceship with
the coyote, extending over a period of
more than a quarter of a century, leads
me to believe that not very many times
in his career would he trouble himself to
overtake a Jackrabblt of Just ordinary
speed, when he could pick up a good, fat
hen In almost any fence corner.
I am not denying that a successful com
bination of three or four good, swift
coyotes could not under favorable cir
cumstances, corner up and catch a Jack
rabbit, particularly If the rabbit was lame
or slightly off its feed. Such a feat could
be, and no doubt has been, accomplished.
I have heard of such successes on the
part of a few well-organlzed. groups of
coyotes. But, in my 26 years' experience
among those festive vermin. It has never
been my good fortune to become an eye
witness to such a performance. And dur
ing that period I have lived where rab
bits at times were much more plentiful
than now Ijx any portion of either Uma
tilla or Morrow Counties, and many years
before such a thing was thought of as a
state bounty on coyote scalps.
I am ready to admit that a coyote can
and does kill very A'oung rabbits, but it
was a fertile brain, indeed, that originated
the Idea that in dder effectually to rid
the country of all the rabbits. It was nec
essary to have enough wolves on hand
to kill them all off. In all the different
plans for the promotion of self-government,
and of all the ideas ever advanced
to promote the welfare of organized so
ciety, it has remained for Oregon to
evolvo the man who believes In advancing
the cause of civilization by the wolf pro
cess. Did it ever occur to the man imbued
with such an idea that, before the rab
bits would disappear by way of the wolf
channel, "to the poor unfortunate who hap
pened to remain in' Eastern Oregon there
would-be no such thing as ham and eggs
for breakfast, for the' simple reason that
there wouldn't be any hog to produce the
ham, nor any chicken to produce the egg?
Did it ever occur .to him that long be
fore the wolves were plentiful enough to
accomplish tho destruction of the rabbits,
they would be plentiful enough to devour
the children while they were on their way
to school?
No, I beliesv that theory la wrong. If
it Is not wrong, history has ceased to re
peat Itself in this particular here in Ore
gon for the first time. If It is not wrong,
and such a condition of affairs actually
obtains here in Oregon, for heaven's sake
lets never admit it when we are away
from home. Let us never admit that con
ditions are such here in Oregon that It is
actually necessary to promote the wel
fare of the wolf in order to advance the
interests and develop the resources of this
great state.
Some believer in this Weird and peculiar
doctrine suggested a short time ago to a
reporter of The Oregonlan that the de
struction of the coyotes had caused the
rabbits to Increase. Now, that Is a mis
take, for rabbits increased and decreased
in different sections of Eastern Oregon
many times long before the present de
crease of tho coyotes.
This same gentleman also advocated the
Idea that nature seemed to striko a happy
medium In all such matters. So it does.
But nature never struck a medium of any
kind, happy or otherwise, in Oregon
through the instrumentality of a thieving,
howling coyote. Babbits have come and
gone in many localities in Eastern Ore
gon during the past 20 years, just as tho
Winters were hard or easy. "yVe have had
three or four mild Winters in succession,
consequently we have at the present time
an unusual number of rabbits In a num
ber of localities.
And yet to my certain knowledge, there
are certain other localities with scarcely
any rabbits, where formerly they were in
multitudes, and that at a time when
coyotes were plentiful also.
There will be a Winter along some of
these years that will take care of the
rabbits. And I am patiently waiting for
I want to see the wolf vs. rabbit the
ory collapse. I want to see the man -who
advocates such a theory relegated along
with the man who, a few years since, was
abroad in the land preaching the doctrino
of straw money as a remedy for tho then
prevailing hard times.
This objection to the law is based upon
nothing tangible, and is not a valid ob
jection. It la to be classed among the
imaginary or fancied objections a good
theme to discuss when conversation lags
and when other and more Important sub
jects are disposed of.
Not a Sheep Law Singly.
The woolgrowlng Industry of Oregon Is
surely benefited by the destruction of the
wolves. But the flockmaster is nqt bene
fited singly and alone, as many would
have it appear. His benefit Is chiefly an
incident to the law. As a rule he is not
the direct beneficiary.
For the reason that coyotes, under for
mer conditions, were very destructive to
the sheep Industry, and for the further
reason that the different woolgrowers' or
ganizations in Oregon put forth the only
organized crusade against the coyote, it is
taken for granted by a great many people
that those who own sheep in Oregon get
all the benefit from the scalp; bounty law.
In fact, a great many people In Oregon,
particularly in Western Oregon, believe
that the flockmasters of Eastern Oregon
get all, or nearly so, of the state money
appropriated for this purpose. No im
pression could be more widely at variance
with the facta Statisticians Inform us
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MEN
Only
duction of Iron and steel In both the raw
add manufactured state, and that we lead
the nations of the world in the amount
of our manufactured goods, and that we
are the great wheat-producing Nation of
the world. And yet, notwithstanding the
gigantic output of each of our leading In
dustries each year, when It comes to total
amount of production, the American hen
lays them all in the shade. And I would
call attention to the fact that regularly
each year the farmers and ranchmen of
Oregon are lectured and berated by the
press of the state for-their downright
shlftlessness in not producing sufficient
eggs, poultry, lard and bacon to supply
the needs of their own state. And at the
same time, a number of these same critics
ply their vocation at a law that Is fast
ridding the state of the real reason why
we have not In the past produced these
commodities, and a law that Is fast mak
lnjr it Dosslble so to do.
Tue destruction of sheep from the rav
ages of the coyote has been grdat under
former conditions. At least a 6 per cent
loss was sustained each year by tho flock
masters of Eastern Oregon from this
source. And yet, while the aggregate loss
to the flockmasters from this source for
merly reached a large sum of money each
year, it is my opinion that the loss sus
tained from poultry alone would easily
double the amount of loss sustained by
the sheepmen. "
I believe that I am 'safe In asserting
that the flockmasters of Eastern Oregon
are by no means the greatest beneficiaries
of the law. He is far from being the man
who is the direct recipient of the appro-J
prlatlon. In fact, my observation has
taught me to believe that those who own
und operate the flocks of Eastern Oregon
receive a less amount of money paid out
by the state for bounties than any other
class of citizens.
The greatest direct beneficiary the one
who gets nine-tenths of the money Is the
laborer and tho home-builder, the man
about whose "welfare our politicians con
tinue to shout themselves hoarse, and In
-arose interests our blatant demagogues
wax eloquent and fat
The man who ha3 taken to himself 160
acres of public domain under the home
stead law. and out of that which hereto
fore produced practically nothing, is pre
paring a home for himself, wife and chil
dren, la the man who is receiving a very
large portion of the direct benefit from
the scalp-bounty law. Out of that small
beginning he has to live and support those
who are near to him, ono of his principal
resources being a well-kept chicken-coop,
around which Is centered the welfare of
one of the chief staples of his table, as
wetl as a profit to spare sufficient to ex
change for his coffee, his sugar, and an
occasional frock for his wife, and, albeit,
an occasional plug of "Saw Log" for his
own Immediate use. This Is the class of
men who have received much the greater
part of the moneys so far expended, and
that will be expended in the future, If
such there be, by the state for the de
struction of predatory animals. Ills is a
dual purpose. He kills - them first, for
self-protection; second, because there is
a profit in the scalps sufficient to help
him along while he is getting a footholu
in the world. According to my under
standing, such an expenditure of public
money is not an extravagance. So far as
the owners of the sheep are concerned, in
all this assemblage of woolgrowers, if the
money we have received from scalps taken
by ourselves during the past four years
was all put together, I doubt materially if
it would be an amount sufficient to buy a
single one of us a good suit of ducking
clothes. I repeat, there has never been a
more mistaken impression scattered
broadcast-among the people.
It occurs to me that at a time when our
great transcontinental railways, our
Boards of Trade, our press, and, I might
say, our pulpit, are joining hacds In one
mighty effort to persuade the entire East
to migrate to the West, that it is not out
of place for us to render such assistance
to Nature as ive may, in order to make It
possible that the newcomer may at least
have eggs for breakfast when he arrives
here.
The scalp-bounty law is costing the
State of Otegon a great deal of money.
MANY
YEARS
ALONE
For 15 years old Dr. Kessler was the only specialist in
this city for diseases of men, and hundreds of men are healthy
today who were cured by him of Prostatic Inflammation or
some private disease. He could point to thousands he has
cured, but he has always made it a rule to never use a patient's
name. He wouldn't tell your own father that he was doctor
ing you. His word is good and he guarantees to cure any case
he takes. He cured a case of private disease last month that
had been treated by five doctors. He wants just such cases
that other doctors can't cure.
SAD v
SUFFERING
WOMEN
The Ladies' Department is luxurious, and there is no need
of you suffering any longer from your complicated diseases.
Dr. Kessler will see you himself if you callforhim. Heisavery
busy man, but any lady who desires to consult him in person
can see him. Quite a number are sent by country doctors.
All such are provided with a comfortable, homelike place while
they are being treated. Always write a few days before com
ing so he can arrange for you.
Inclose ten 2c stamps and address
J. Henri Kessler, M. D.
COR. SECOND AND YAMHILL STS.
Portland, Oregon
VIM, VIGOR, VITALITY FOR MEN
3X. BISHOP FIX.Z.S hsre been in use over fifty years by the leaders, elders, and their
followers. Positively cures the worst esses in old and yonnp arisinc from Oects or buB
riiwipation. escenses, or cigsrette-smokin?. Cares lost Manhood, Lot Poirr'
Varicocele. Atrophy. Hydrocele. Insomnia, ann-a Pain in Back: in
Mdc. in rate, Xervoa, TwUchiarj. Mhalcy 2fjl TreiabIlnc,LWme
Back. crveua Debility. Headache, Unfitness EzJSM to Jlarrj. Con of I.
nation. HlOBsXerTonsTirltchlMsrarTCvAllrfa- UJTS r-.. . : j, .
t . r . , - . rT.i.V
i.wt .uu fuwiw. w iKutuo- vjtnfc uBpoueni , cum in at nana. Restores ar
organs. Slitaulates the brain and nerro centers. Fifty cents a box: six for $2JS0, by wall. A wrltn-n iracr
antes, to cure or money refunded, with six boxes. Circulars free. Addresn, Blnhon Ilf mrrt-- c V
For nale fer S. O. 8KIOMORIC &. CO-
A Word
on the Musical
Question
If you are wise It will be sufficient to
convince you of the superiority of our fa
mous line of Chlckering, Kimball, Weber,
Pecker, Vose, Hobart M. Cable, Crown and
Milton planes, Kimball. Burdett and Pa
cific Queen organs. In this limited space
we cannot (numerate their many points
of merit, but if you will call at our store,
as many do every day, we will take pleas
ure in showing .you why they surpass
other makes at their respective prices. We
sell new pianos as low as $6 per month.
Wo have several choice- bargains In slight
lyjr used pianos and organs.
Eilers Piano House
3$1 Washington Street
Other stores at San Francisco, Sacra
mento and Spokane.
If It Is not an absolute necessity It Is a
great wrong, and should be repealed. Four
years ago, backed by" a unanimous public
sentiment In Eastern Oregon, some of us
began the work In the Oregon Legislature
by insisting upon the enactment of that
sentiment into law. We succeeded. Were
we right, or should we have failed?
If the law falls now, just at a time when
it nas -practically overcome the object for
which it was created, our success was a
failure. For It will only take an equal
number of years without the law until the
plague will again be upon us with all its
carnage and howling variations.
That the prtsent rate of expense will
continue under the law for even the com
ing two years can only be accounted for
either on the theory of importation or
manufacture, or -both. The scalps are not
here. Their owners are dead, or princi
pally so.
As we have the coyote practically off
the earth, shall we keep him off, or, by
lotting down the bars, extend to him
greeting and the hospitality he once en
joyed and fully appreciated.
His case is up to the people of Eastern
Oregon, headed by this body of men, for
final disposition. How will you have it,
gentlemen?
An Englishman's MlstnUe.
New York Times.
The private secretary of a well-known
publisher In the East Is a young woman
of refinement both of conduct and of lan
guage. Brought up in New England, and
educated at a college famous for Its at
tention to the niceties and elegancies of
existence, she was as far removed as pos
sible from the slang-using, bang-wearing,
gum-chewing stenographer of the comic
papers. Next door to tho publisher's es
tablishment a young Englishman, striv
ing with moderate success to establish
himself here as a landscape architect, had
opened an office. In due course of time
he became acquainted with the publisher,
who, in turn. Introduced him to the. pri
vates secretary- One day. -when the pri
vate secretary was sitting serene and dig
nified at her desk there entered precip
itately the Englishman.
"How do you do!" she said, sweetly.
"I beg your pardon," said the English
man, "but could you spare me just a lit
tie of your gum?"
"Gum I" she exclaimed In horror. "Sure
ly you don't think I "
"Beally, I beg your pardon," ejaculated
the Englishman a second time, in still
more confusion. "How stupid of me! I
remember now, you say mucilage In
America."
Vr" j . " io iiawiiin.
Portland, Or,
THE PALATIAL
OREGOU BUILDING
ITot a darle office In the building!
absolutely fireproof; electric lights
and artesian watcrj perfect sanita
tion and thoronsh ventilation. --le
vators run day and night.
JJOOEU.
AIXSTjTE, DR. GEORGB. Physician.... 413-41
ANDERSON. GUSTAV. Attorney-at-Law. .Cl
ASSOCIATED PRESS; E. L. Powell. Mgr..80J
AUSTEN, F. C. Manager for Oregon and
"Washington Bankers' Life Association ot
Des Moines. Ia. 502-503
BAKER, Q. EVERT, Attorney-at-Law 601
BANKERS' LIFE ASSOCIATION. OF DES
MOINES. IA.; F. C. Austen. Mgr.....&uU-G03
BENJAMIN, K. W., Dentist i.31
BERNARD, G.. Cashier Pacific Mercantile
Co 211
BINSWANGER. OTTO S.. Physician and
Surgeon 407-403
BOHN. W. G.. Timber Land OU
BROCK. WILBUR F., Circulator Orego
nlan 501
.BROWN, MYRA. M. D 313-314
BRUERE. DR. G. E., Physician... 412-4X3-414
CAMPBELL, TO M.. Medical Refereo
Equitable Life 7CO
CANNING. M. J. 602-C03
CARDWELL. DR. J. R.. Dentist 5(h
CAUKIN. Q. E., District Agent Travelers
Insurance Company...... ................713
CHICAGO ARTIFICIAL LIMB CO.; W. T.
Dickson. Managur 601
CHUHCHIIX. MRS. E. J. 71B-7U
COFFEE. DR. R. C, Surgeon 40--4U-
COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY "
tJ04-005-eC-007-G13-ei4-t5
CORNELIUS, C. W., Phya. and Surgeon... 20d
COLLIER. P. F., Publisher; S. P. McQulre.
Manager .... ............................41&
COUNTY PHYSICIAN 4IXS
COX. RALSTON. Manager American Guar
anty Co., of Chicago. 502
CROW. C P.. Timber and Mines 0X5
DAY, J. G. & L N 3ia
DICKSON, DR. J. F., Physician 713-714
EDITORIAL ROOMS Eighth Floor
EVENING TELEGRAM 325 Alder Street
EQUITABLE LIFE ASSURANCE SOCI
ETY; L. Samuel. Manager: G. S. Smith.
Cashier 309
FEN TON, J. D.. Physician and Surgeon..B09-10
FENTON, DR. HICKS C., Eye and Ear.... 511
FENTON, MATTHEW F.. Dentist .'.00
GALVANL W. H.. Engineer and Draughts
man COO
GEARY, DR. E. P.. Phya. and Surgeon.... 406
GIESY. A. J., Physician and Surgeon. .709-7X0
GILBERT, DR. J. ALLEN. Physician. .401-4U-!
GOLDMAN. WILLIAM. Manager Manahat-
tan Life Ins. Co.. ot New York 203-210
GRANT. FRANK S.. Attorney-at-Law.. .eiZ
ORIS WOLD & PHEGLEY. Tailors
131 Sixth Street
HAMMAM BATHS. Turkish and Russian..
71 300-301-303
HAMMOND. A. B 310
HOLLISTER DR. O. C Physician and
Surgeon ...... ...504-505
IDLEMAN. C. M.. Attorney-at-Law. .41G-17-1S
JEFFREYS. DR. ANNICH F.. Phya. St
Surg. Women and Children only .....400
JOHNSON. W. a 315-31B-3U
KADY. MARK T.. Supervisor of Agents.
Mutual Reserve Life Ins. Co .-.605
L1TTLEFIELD, H. R.. Phya. and Sur 21XJ
MACKAY. DR. A. E., Phya. and Sur... 711-713
MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE CO. OF
NEW YORK; W. Goldman. Mgr...... 200-210
MARSH, DR. R. J.. Phys. and Sur..... 404-403
McCOY, NEWTON. Attorney-at-Law 715
Mcelroy, dr. j. g.. Phys. & sur.701-702-703
McFADEN. MISS IDA E.. Stenographer... .213
McGINN, HENRY E., Attorney-at-Law. 311-U
McGUIRE. S. P.. Manager P. F. Collier.
Publisher 415
McKENZIE. DR. P. L.. Phys. and Sur. .012-12
METT. HENRY 213
MILLER. DR.. HERBERT C. Dentist and
Oral Surgeon 608-000
MOSSMAN. DR. E. P.. Dentist 513-514
MUTUAL RESERVE LIFE INS. CO.;
Mark T. Kady. Supervisor of Agents..C04-C03
NICHOLAS, HORACE B.. Attorney-at-Law.71J
NILES, M. L-. Cashier Manhattan Life In
surance Company ot New York..........20O
NOTTAGE, DR. G. H.. Dentist 609
OLSEN, J. F.. General Manager Paclflo
Mercantile Co 211-213
OREGON CAMERA CLUB 214-215-210-211
OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATHY
40U-410
OREGONIAN BARBER SHOP. Mantch &
George. Proprietors 120 Sixth
OREGONIAN EDUCATIONAL BUREAU;
J. F. Straubal, Manager ...........200
PACIFIC MERCANTILE CO.; J. F. Olsen.
General Manager 211-213.
PORTLAND EXE AND EAR INFIRMARY
Ground Floor. 133 Sixth Street
QUIMBY. L. P. W., Game and Forestr
Warden 713
REED. WALTER. Optician... 133 Sixth Strees
RICKENBACH. DR. J. F., Eye, Ear. Noae
and Throat 701-703
ROSENDALE. O. M.. Metallurgist and Min
ing Engineer .510
RYAN. J. B.. Attorney-at-Law 515
SAMUEL. L.. Manager Equitable LIfe....S0d
SHERWOOD.. J. W., Deputy Supreme Com
mander K. O. T. M. 017
SMITH. DR. L. B.. Osteopath..- 408-4HI
SMITH. GEORGE S., Cashier Equitable
Life 300
ETOLTE. DR. CHAS. K.. Dentist 704-705
STOW. F. H.. General Manager Columbia
Telephone Co. COS
SURGEON OF THE S. P. RY. AND N. I.
TERMINAL CO 704
SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE 201
THRALL. S. A., President Oregon Camera
Club 214
THREE IN ONE" QUICK ACCOUNT
SYSTEM COMPANY. OF OREGON 513
TUCKER. DR. GEO. F.. Dentist 610-6X1
U. S. LIGHTHOUSE ENGINEERS, 13TH
DIST.; Captain W. C. Langfltt, Corps of
Engineers, U. S. A 803
U. S. ENGINEER OFFICE RIVER AND
HARBOR IMPROVEMENTS; Captain W.
C. Langfltt. Corps ot Engineers. U. S. A.. 810
W1XEY. DR. JAMES O. C, Phys. Sc. Sur.70S-3
WILSON. DR. EDWARD N.. Physician
and surgeon .......304-305
WILSON. DR. GEO. F.. Phys. Ss Sur.. 706-707
WILSON. DR. HOLT C. Phya. & Surg.507-503
WILLAMETTE VALLEY TELE. CO 6X3
WOOD. DR. W. L., Physician..... 412-413-414
Offices may be nad by applying; to
the superintendent ot the building,
room 201, second floor.
MENKf
THE MODERN APPLIANCE.- A posltlva
way to perfect manhood. The VACUUM
TREATMENT cures you without medicine of
all nervous or diseases of the generative or
gans, iuch &b lust manhood, exhaustive drains,
varicocele, lmpotency, etc Men are quickly re
stored to perfect health and strength. Writ
for circular. Correspondence confidential.
THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO.. room 47-43
Eat Deposit building. Seattle. Wash.
WINE of j
CARDUI
FOR "WOMEN
San XTraacIsoo, CaL
(