iiiippiMyiijp,JlWpi -
IHE MORNING ORE&ONIAN, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER '190.
Entered at -the PostoSlce at Portland. Oregon,
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TODAY'S WEATHER Occasional Tain and
-cooler, with southerly winds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 73; minimum temperature, 48; pre
cipitation, none.
PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 24.
TARIFF COMMISSION" FEASIBLE.
President Koosevelt'a proposal of a
tariff commission will be greeted with
derision by Democratic partisans, but
not we are persuaded, by any body of-
publlc opinion that is at once fair-minded
and well-informed. It is true that
we once had a tariff commission, and
that It failed miserably of any oerlous
or creditable achievement. But in that
mere record is found no light upon the
problem except such as is misleading.
The tariff commission appointed by
President Arthur just twenty years ago
did more harm than good and why?
Because it was selected to violate the
reformative purpose for which it had
been created and because the circum
stances of its report and the subsequent
action of Congress were calculated, as
they operated, to bring the whole cause
of honest and scientific tariff schedules
into contempt It is a vicious legacy of
that unhappy time which offers today to
unscrupulous protected Interests and
visionary free traders alike a conven
ient Instrument of obstruction and de
lay which they may be depended on
to utilize with all possible celerity and
spirit
It is suggestive that the tariff commis
sion of 1882 grew out of a situation ap
proximately identical with the one ex
isting today. An overflowing treasury,
partly growing out of superabundant
customs duties and partly out of the
rapidly Increasing volume of business
dating from 1879, pointed unmistakably
to tariff reductlona It was felt that
enormous surpluses exercised a potent
influence Jn the direction of extravagant
appropriations. Bevision, therefore,
gained wide adherence, not only as a
remedial agency aimed at tax burdens,
tout also as. an obviously long overdue
simplification of complex and antiquated
provisions.
The protected Interests, then as now,
rallied for reductions of internal rev
enue, and after tariff reform bill after
bill had been defeated, the commission
plan was turned to as the only avail
able measure of acceptable compromise.
There was a general demand for lower
duties, especially in the Western States.
Blaine's doctrines and Garfield's ad
vanced utterances had taken a firm hold'
on the younger members of the Repub
lican party, and the commission meas
ure was adopted because it was believed
to offer the best and speediest path to
the desired results. This might have
proved true, but for the fact that the
President, to whom the appointment of
the nine commissioners had been in
trusted, nullified whatever benefits
might have resulted from their labors
by selecting men who were directly in
terested in the maintenance of high pro
tection. The sequel is well known. The lobby
influence, -which it had been fondly
Jioped would not invade the dignity of
the commission, was suffered to pursue
its campaign methods unrestricted, and
was believed to enjoy even greater fa
cilities for achieving its desires than
had been accorded it In Congress. The
commission traveled over a part of the
country taking testimony, and its report
to Congress was subsequently shown to
have been largely prepared, especially
as to the schedules recommended, by
men who were themselves manufactur
ers and interested in keeping protection
intact Some duties were doubled and
others tripled; and the details of the re
port were exactly what might have been
expected to ensue from its underlying
purpose.
Possibly It Is creditable on the whole
to Congress that neither house accepted
the commission's scheme, but each pre
pared a bill of its own. A year had
been wasted, and the act that finally
Issued from the closing hours of the ses
sion reflected little if any result of the
commission's labors. But there Is no
reason to believe that a tariff commis
sion selected either by the present Con
gress or by President Roosevelt would
produce the pitiful miscarriage known
as the tariff of 1883 or the proposals
embodied in the report of 1S82. The sen
timent of the country is stronger in
favor of tariff reform than it was then,
growth of our industries has relegated
the old "Infant" theory to hopeless ridi
cule, and the President Is not the man
to betray a popular cause by packing
a commission for Its express repudia
tion. If it Is true that no tariff act can
be perfected at the coming short session.
Congress would be within the bounds of
prudence and of conformity with all
reasonable reform sentiment if it should,
early in the "Winter, authorize the ap
pointment of a bi-partisan commission
by the President, to report a comprehen
sive scheme of tariff reform at the
opening of the Fifty-eighth Congress.
There are men in public life like ex
Presldent Cleveland and ex-Secretary
Olney among the Democrats. Thomas B.
Reed and Speaker Henderson among
the Republicans, and such experts as
Edward Atkinson, John De Witt War
ner, John A. Kasson, Robert P.
Porter and William E. Curtis, who
would be glad to lend their names
and knowledge to perfect a tariff act
that for once In our history should aim
at the welfare of the people Instead of
the desires of rapacious suppliants at
the hands of taxation. '
The final responsibility Is with Con
gress, and cannot be delegated; but the
preliminary work can be done so thor
oughly and justly that an enlightened
public opinion would impel Its accept
ance by House and Senate. If Theodore
Roosevelt appoints a commission, It will
not be one whose recommendations can
be flouted by men of the type of Hanna
and Burrows.
AX INDUSTRIAL AWAKENING.
It has taken Western Oregon nearly
sixty years to learn the simple fact that
the country Is better adapted for the
production and maintenance of live
stock than for either fruitgrowing or
general farming, and that Its "best
hold" and Its best future He In .the de
velopment of Its herds and in promotion
of the industries which rest upon stock
breeding and stock-keeping. There have
been reasons why this fact which now
appears so plain has been slow in im
pressing Itself upon the general mind.
The pioneer period, which lasted prac
tically until 1868, when the first rail
road found its war ud the Willamette
Valley, taught us little In an Industrial
sense excepting that the climate was
mild and the soil marvelously fertile,
and that anything planted lnthe ground
would grow if It had half a chance. The
Eecond period, which lasted from 1868
until the early '80s. taueht us nothing.
since there was no commercial market
for anything but wheat, and therefore
no motive for experimenting In other
forms of production and no means of
determining relative- commercial values.
It was not until the completion of the
Northern Pacific Railroad, by which we
were brought Into touchwlth the com
mercial world, that there was any mo
tive for branching out into 'a varied In
dustry excepting upon such narrow
scale as was necessary to supply the
local demanda When the era of wider
markets opened, the effort to "meet the
new conditions was boldly made, but
without anything approaching a true
knowledge of the limitations "Of our sit
uation.. We were deceived by the dem
onstrated fertility of the soil, by the
mildness of the climate, and by the
results of seasons of special advantage,
lntb the theory that Oregon could beat
the world in almost everything. We
went Into fruitgrowing, and, excepting
In apples, In especially fortunate locali
ties, we did not beat the world; and it
was the same with a good many other
lines of production. We found that
while in special seasons our prunes,
cherries and peaches were supremely
fine, there could be no dependence upon
the product year In and year out Often
times the rains persist so late in the
Spring as to wash the blossoms from
the trees; oftentimes they come so early
in the Fall as to cause the fruit to rot
at the pit before it fe ripe for nicking.
We found that while our tenderer fruits
fresh from the tree are more luscious
than the fruits of California, they have
not the toughness of skin and the
strength of fiber which, enable them to
"stand up? under long transportation f
In other words, that while immediately
and Intrinsically better than the Cali
fornia fruits, they have not the keeping
quality which at this long distance from
market is essential to commercial value.
And In relation to general farm pro
duction It dawned upon us at last that
In comparison with the agricultural
Middle West we are handicapped by
the relative shortness of our working
season. The rains last too late In the
Spring and come too sopn In the Fall
to give time enough for the farmer to do
his work or the land to develop Its
crops; and due to this fact there are
many things In which the Oregon
farmer must work at a disadvantage
whenever he has to meet the competi
tion of other countries where the work
ing and, the crop season Is longer. For
years the fact was cited that Minnesota
Bgs, Illinois hams and Iowa poultry
sold in our markets at prices our own
people could not meet, and the fact was
charged against the Willamette Valley
farmers to their discredit; and it was
long before we realized that it was not
lack of Industry or thrift on the part
of our farmers, but the shortness of our
working season, which made competi
tion difficult or impossible during part
of each year.
But the conditions which shorten our
working season and so put us at a dis
advantage In some respects contribute
to our advantage In othera Much rain
makes much grass. And much grass Is
a certain foundation for the stock busi
ness. And for livestock and Its products
the demand Is Insatiate. Domestic ani
mals thrive In all the weathers known
to this country, and its long season of
rain puts "no limitation upon the labors
of the stock businesa The stock indus
try Is one in which our working season
covers or may be made to cover every
day In- the year, and to which our moist
climate is not a drawback, but on the
other hand an amazing aid. And under
these conditions It is not surprising
that energy and capital are seeking the
business.
Within the past five years the number
of cows In the Valley "has been more
than doubled. Lands long cropped to
wheat wlthpoor returns have been
given to pasture and have advanced
in value. Forage crops, of which until
lately even our most progressive -agriculture
knew nothing, are being widely
cultivated; and as the capabilities of
the country for feed production develop
there is a natural disposition to multi
ply the numbers and the variety of
herds. It is found that there is more
profit in feeding the grain product of a
Willamette Valley farm than In selling
It in the market; and from this condition
it Is but a step to the Importation of
grain feed from the regions east of the
mountains.
The livestock Industry brings a mul
titude of profitable side Industries Into
the country. The creamery has trans
formed our dairy practice, and io giving
to Oregon a commercial reputation.
The cheese factory Is another source of
large profit Western Oregon Is count
ed on nowadays as a source of beef
supply. The country for the first time
In Its history produces more hogs than
it consumes. In brief, the livestock in
dustry lias become one of the large in
terests of the country; and under this
industry, which is making constant and
heavy advances, the country is more
prosperous than It has been at any other
period in its history. It has found a
department of production In which the
supply can never crowd the demand; to
Which it is oneciallv actuated bv nature:
In which its working season. is not cur
tailed by the earllness. the lateness nor
the persistence of the Oregon mists.
HIS WORD FOR CUBA.
The speeches of the President at De
troit will command public favor; not
because there,Is anything new in them,
but because they are Instinct with right
and Justice. The President's j)lea for
reciprocity with Cuba is strong because
it appeals to the moral sense of the
clean men in all parties. We cannot af
ford to turn Cuba loose from our pro
tection and guiding hand with the mere
gift of technical Independence. We are
morally responsible for her situation.
The same logic of self-interest which
persuaded us to interfere ii the affairs
of Cuba and conquer her independence
"from Spain is behind the plea for Cuba's
present welfare. We cannqt afford to
allow Cuba to sink into a state of an
archy; we have given her people inde
pendence and It is part of our duty to
see that this gift is not made a barren
prize.
The logic in Its lowest terms concern
ing Cuba and the Philippines is the
same. We promised at the dutbreak of
the Spanish War to give Cuba Its-Independence,
and this we have done; but
there Is a string to the execution of
this promise which Cuba accepted when
she accepted the Piatt amendment We
cannot afford to make-Cuba part of our
International system and then suffer her
to starve by refusing' her the benefits
of our economic system. As axsugar
producing island Cuba will starve and
drift into anarchy if we do not grant
her 'reciprocity. Cuba is where she Is
today because of our Intervention in her'
behalf, and we have no moral business
to endow her with Independence and
then leave her to starve through ouf
failure to adopt a reasonable measure
of reciprocity. Whether we Interfered
In Cuba's behalf because of the blowing
up of the Maine or from motives of cold
policy, we are responsible for our work;
we have no moral business to free Cuba
and bid her "to root, hog, or die,"
against our prohibitory .-sugar tariff.
Morally, the position of President Roose
velt in the matter of Cuba Is Impregna
ble. The same logic really lies at the bot
tom of our retention of the Philippines.
We could not In moral decency turn
them back to Spain. We could not suf
fer them for lack of responsible gov
ernment to become a plrate-shlp In the
Malay Seas. We were bound morally
to keep the Philippines until they could
be trusted through their unity and In
telligence to respect the peace of the
world. Whether that time will come
soon or late. It is not easy to foretell,
but morally we could no more afford
to turn over the Philippines to the civ
ilization of an oligarchy of pirate chiefs
than we can afford to make Cuba inde
pendent and then turn her over to star
vation and anarchy through a refusal
of reciprocity. We are responsible for
the situation of Cuba today. We have
given her independence with the string
of the Piatt amendment to it, and we
are logically bound to grant her reci
procity. Free Cuba Is our own child,
and we cannot In decency starve It If
we are not willing to grant Cuba reci
procity, we shall not be able fairly to
refuse- her demand some day for an
nexation. We must either take Cuba
under our wing, into our fold, or else
give her a fair chance to make a living
'by selling her sugar in our market
- All this has been said before, but the
President does well to repeat It, for
It comes home with peculiar force to
the mass ofyhe people because he Is re
spected as a'soldler of the Spanish War
and trusted In firmly as an honest
statesman. There is nothing new in
what the President said, but It was all
true and timely. The President's
speeches do not please some of his crit
ics, like Harper's Weekly, but they sat
isfy the plain people, who have come
to believe that he is an energetic, up
right, courageous, honest executive, a
man with some of the Infirmities of
Andrew Jackson in mind and temper,
but withal a man of Jacksonlan cour
age, patriotism, veracity. Integrity and
personal purity. Knowing this, the
plain people are not hypercritical of the
President's speeches.
A JUST REMONSTRANCE.
The note of Secretary Hay regarding
the persecution of the Jews by Rou
manla, which forces them to seek an
asylum In this country, is not likely to
cause any change of action on part of
Roumanla, which fears nothing but the
argument of armed force. Austria
Hungary has already remonstrated with
Roumanla to no purpose. Ten years
ago President Harrison called the at
tentlon of the Russian Government to
the effect on our Immigration of the
persecution of the Jews In tbe Russian
pale. Secretary Blaine, through the
American Minister at St. Petersburg,
pointed out that any Internal policy
which drove subject abroad Injuriously
affected the lands reluctantly receiving
this stream of Involuntary immigration.
The persecution of the Jews in the Rus
sian pale at that time caused great ex
citement in Great Britain, but the Brit
ish Government made no official protest
or remonstrance. What Secretary Blaine
said to Russia Secretary Hay has said
at more length and In stronger terms
to all the powers signatory to the treaty
of Berlin.
This treaty by its 43d article recog
nized the Independence of Roumanla
subject to the condition that "the differ
ence of religious creeds and confessions
shall not be alleged against any person"
with reference to civil and political
rights, a clause directed against pro
scription of Jews under the Roumanian
constitution. This treated Jews as
aliens, though born and resident in
Roumanla for many generatlona Rou
manla paid no attention to -this until
the powers threatened to employ coer
cion, and then, In November, 1879, the
chambers repealed article 7 of the con
stitution, which excluded non-Christians
from naturalization. The powers as
sumed that free naturalization would
be granted, but Roumanla continued its
old policy of refusing naturalization.
In 1879 800 Jewish soldiers were natural
ized by a single act. but this was all
that was done to relieve the Jews. , In
twenty years there have not been 100
naturalizations, and out of 3000 petitions
for this privilege from 1882 to 1892, only
ten were granted. In 1890 England,
Germany and France united in an Iden
tical note of protest, which Roumanja
insultingly answered by enacting a new
and more burdensome naturalization
law.
There are 400,000 Jews in Roumanla,
and they are aliens in the land of their
birth. They must serve as soldiers, but
they cannot become officers. They are
excluded from trade, handicrafts, pro
fessions and the ownership of land, are
denied civil rights, and schools are
closed to them. Out- of 30,000 Jewish
children ellsrihle to admission, only 3000
are admitted by paying fees from which
Roumanians are exempt No technical
schools are open to them. These dis
abilities have forced the Jews to aban
don Roumanla. In the first six months
of 1S00 more than 16,000 crossed the
Austrian frontier. Our census of 1900
showed 19,043 Roumanians In this coun
try, while no previous census mentioned
any.
The protest of Secretary Hay is
warmly supported by Great Britain, but
nothing will move the Roumanian Gov
ernment save a threat on part of the
powers of Europe to apply force. Rou
manla feels sure that the powers will
not proceed to this extremity, so that
the persecution and the exodus of Rou
manian Jews to this country Is likely to
continue. The New York Evening Post
points out that the Roumanian Govern
ment can easily retort that their perse
cution of the Jew because of his religion
la not as bad as our persecution of (he
negro because of his race and color; that
the Jew can change his religion, while
the negro cannot change his -color. The'
negro Is disfranchised because of race
and color, which he cannot change,
while the Jew can obtain naturalization
by simply becoming a Christian. The
negro not only is disfranchised at the
South, but at the North, where he Is not
disfranchised, he Is excluded from a
large number of employments on ac
count of his complexloni
Judge Pennypacker, of the Supreme
Court of Pennsylvania, last year refused
to charter a Christian Science Church
because he found from the-evidence that
It was an Institution for the practice of
medicine or the art of healing without
the practitioners having the necessary
license or qualifications required by the
state, arid now" Judge Arnold has re
fused a fresh applicatlqn for a charter
on the ground that "the Church of
Christ, Scientist," is an organization for
profit, which cannot be chartered by a
court under Pennsylvania law. Judge
Arnold finds from the evidence before
him that income Is the chief considera
tion with Mrs. Eddy, and those Imme
diately associated with her in the con
trol of "the Church of Christ, Scientist."
The declared object of the church is for
the preaching of the gospel according to
the doctrine found in the Christian Sci
ence text-l30okv "Science and Health'
with, key to the Scriptures, by Mary
Baker Eddy. Mrs. Eddy has announced
to her followers In the official organ of
the body that "It shall be the duty of
all Christian Scientists to circulate and
to sell as many of these books as they
can. If a member of the First Church
of Christ, Scientist, shall fall to obey
this injunction, It will render him liable
to lose his memhershlp In the church."
This book costs 50 cents and is sold for
$3 a volume, a profit of 500 per cent.
Judge Arnold, on the evidence before
him, holds that this is business, not re
ligion; and therefore the First Church
of Christ. Scientist, In Philadelphia is
refused a charter.
Among the measures classed as Im
portant that may be passed during the
short session of Congress Is the pending
law for the issue of postal currency.
The object of this Is to make more con
venient and safe the remittance of small
sums of money by mall. The plan pro
posed is the sale of notes of small de
nomination that will para current, but
which may be made payable to one par
ticular firm or person at wiU by suitable
Indorsement that is, by writing the
name and address of such firm or per
son upon the note. An attempt was
made a number of years ago to supple
ment the money order system by postal
notes for the transmission through the
malls of a dollar and fractional parts
thereof, but for some reason the experi
ment was not popular and was discon
tinued. The proposed postal currency
will, if created, be entirely convenient,
but whether it will be used to an extent
that will justify the Issue remains to be
seen. Almost every one has learned
that a 2-cent postage stamp will carry
an ordinary sheet of note paper and an
inclosure of 50 cents in silver. This coin
and those of smaller denominations are
sent In large quantities through the
malls by means of a pasteboard socket
devised to keep them from slipping
about In the envelope, and, though this
form of remittance Is not considered
safe, the risk Is not great. Still, it is
a clumsy method, and one that a wide
awake postal system cannot sanction.
Hence the probability that the postal
currency law will be enacted.
"Mount Pelee Is again In eruption,
Carrie Nation Is still crusading. Tom
Johnson Is tomjohnsonlng In Ohio, and
the coal strike Is still In force." To add
to the confusion, the Indianapolis News
comes forward and wants to know
"Who are the Democrats?" This com
bination of troubles moves the sedate
Philadelphia Press to ask, plaintively,
"If we are to have no rest this side of
the grave." Pious Charles Wesley long
ago answered this question by infer
ence in the negative, and disclaimed re
signedly all desire to.be carried to the
skies on flowery beds of ease. It Is the
part of wisdom to cultivate this 'spirit
of resignation while facing trouble's of
the type above enumerated, since in one
way and another they are likely to be
always with us.
A thrilling description of the work of
devastation accomplished by Mount
Pelee in its more recent eruption has
been sent home by Professor Helprln,
the National Geographic Society's rep
resentative In Martinique. The area
covered by the ejecta of the volcano is
much larger than that overwhelmed on
the 8th of May, though for obvious rea
sons the loss of life was not nearly so
great. The entire northern -part of the
Island Is regarded as unsafe for human
habitation, though Fort de France, In
the southern part, Is considered safe,
at least for the time being.
The man who habitually carries a
pistol la more than likely to become
careless In disposing of the weapon
when he Is at home. The stupid habit
of putting a revolver under the pillow
has resulted in many a distressing do
mestic tragedy. That of hanging up the
coat or trousers in the closet with the.
weapon in a pocket of the clothing Is
perhaps less common, but It 13 even
more reprehensible. A fatal accident
occurred near Everett, Wash., Sunday
from the latter cause.
There Is a movement on foot to re
store bullfighting In Havana. During
American military occupation this sport
was prohibited. Strangely enough, the
argument In favor of Its restoration Is
that it attracts strangers, "especially
Americans." who spend much money in
Havana, and to whom it is good policy
to cater. Of course, the Spanish ele
ment In Cuba does not want bullfighting
revived. The very idea, is preposterous.
SPIRIT OF TilE COUNTRY PRESS
Sympathy EihaHHted.
Lakeview Examiner.
Let Helen, Stone go back to the Turks
or to the devil. If she wants to. Uncle
Sam saved her goose once, and that Is
quite sufficient
Give a Dos a Bad Name.
Seattle Times.
It seems to be the fashion now when a
man Is arrested for an unusual crime
east of the Mississippi River to accuse
him of having spent a season In Seattle.
When He Left.
Lakeview Examiner.
Paul Kruger left his country and his
people when the bullets fell the thlcke3t
in the veldt and the advice, of brave
leadership and good generalship was
needed most. There was really nothing
heroic in Oom Paul's life compared with
the Generals of the Boer Army.
Oh Ho tv Keen and Generous!
Skamokawa Eagle.
The Oregonlan has discovered that
Washington Is now numerically equal or
superior In Congress to 13 states: Colo
rado, Delaware, Florida, Idaho, Mon
tana, Nevada, New Hampshire, North
Dakota, Vermont and Wyoming. This
knowledge may account for that paper's
captious criticisms of the work of the
late Republican state convention. .
Boon tor Idaho Lend Properties.
Republic Independent American.
The railroads and smelter trust have
finally made a concession to the Coeur
d'Alene mlneowners that amounts to a
total of about i per ton. The effect
on the lead-mining districts of Idaho
will be almost magical. Corresponding
concessions by the railroads leading into
Republic and smelters reached by them
would soon bring prosperity to this en
tire section.
Thunder Mountain Pans Out.
Boise Statesman.
Notwithstanding all that has been pre
dicted to the contrary, the new country
opened up In Central Idaho designated as
Thunder Mountain will prove one of the
richest mining sections of the world. The
problems surrounding operations in the
claims first located are being mastered
and many good mines are being ope'ned
in that part of the district, while enorm
ous ledges of great value have been
found throughout many of the surround
ing sections.
A Convert to the Truth.
Senator, Cullom's speech at Carthage.
While I believe In a protective tariff, I
do not believe in holding onto a high pro
tective tariff longer, than fs necessary In
the Interest of the business and labor of
our country. In my judgment, the time
has come when reductions ought to be
made in many instances.
I sincerely hope that it will be the pol
icy of the Republican party to make
such reductions as can be consistently
made by reciprocity treaties rather than
by a direct revision of the tariff law. If,
however, reciprocity treaties cannot be
ratified, the time will surely come, and
that very soon, when the people will de
mand a regular revision of our tariff.
Satan Rebaking Sin.
Seattle Post-Intelligencer.
Tacoma Is a -good town. It Is growing
and prospering, and Seattle Is delighted
to see it do so. It has many charming
people living there; has beautiful homes,
a good harbor, a fine manufacturing and
commercial business. On its merits and
on the facts as they actually exist, Ta
coma is entitled to receive a fair share
of the immigration which is pouring Into
the state. Why does the Chamber of
Commerce of that city try to disgust In
telligent men, who inform themselves as
to the facts from Government statistics
and personal Investigation, not from
newspaper advertisement? Why does it
seek to convey the really false Impres
sion that the Tacoma Chamber of Com
merce relics upon Its Imagination en
tirely for the alleged facts which they put
forward as Inducement with which to at
tract Immigration?
Turner's Departure a Lous.
Boston Herald.
The Pacific Ocean state," Washington,
has held Its Democratic state convention
this week and has Indorsed the Kansas
City platform. This would seem to have
given the state over to the Republicans
unless Washington is so far out of the
general trend of opinion as to make her
case exceptional. The state has excellent
elements In Its population. There Is a
larger proportion of people of American
birth In It than In any of the newer
commonwealths of the Union, and some
of the best material from the southern
country Is there. The state wasv until re
cently strongly Republican, and It has
probably gone back permanently to the
Republican party now. In the change of
six years ago, however, It sent a Demo
crat to the Senate In the person of George
Turner, who has proved to be an able
and a respected member of that body.
Mr. Turner waB originally a Republican,
but as he is now fully established In his
Democracy, the chances of his betas: re
elected to the Senate are slim. As he is
decidedly above the average In talent
among the newer Senators, his defeat will
be a loss.
You Can't Hold the Growlers Down.
Astoria News.
The visit of the special board of engi
neers to the mouth of the Columbia was
a very hasty one. The manner in which
ther were tunktvi intn tVi no-....
- -- liuiiurt
ters of the Columbine, Instead of being
uriven to me uccment Hotel, where they
could get first-class accommodations, ex
cited a Rood deal of commoni wvir-
singular effort to keep them from landing
ana meeting Atuoria people ana looking at
mil Hnipnnin iro Tn. o n no r. i ... i
luiu juiii,mi uuu cnurxe or ine nartv. wa
has gone out of his way to express to
uniei engineer Gillespie an opinion ad
verse tO the Utility Of a sea rirpds-n fnr fhta
bar. The people of Astoria would do well
io xeep an eye on tnese singular move
ments. Two powerful interests are secret
ly Tiostlle to any Immediate development
of Columbia River commerce. Those in
terests seem to have delayed the coming
of, this special board for several months.
They seem to have a finger In the pie yet
The spectacle of T. B. Wilcox, of the ele
vator trust, sitting as chief fugleman at
the banquet in Portland to the board of
engineers is not any indication that the
enemies of immediate development of Co
lumbian commerce are all dead or devoid
of hopeful schemes.
Oregon1! Awakening-.
Minneapolis Journal.'
The general awakening of the entire
Northwest to the fact that, though the
frontier is gone. Its development has only
tegun, is nowhere better Instanced than
In the case of Oregon. The settlement of
Oregon by Americans antedates the an
nexation of California. It has communi
ties as old as any In Minnesota, and it
has long been known to have vast un
developed agricultural, mineral and tim
ber resources. Tet the population of the
state is stlU under 500,000 and it has not
gone ahead so rapidly as it neighbor,
Washington. But now Oregon's turn for
development has come. The state Is be
ing studied by the restless hundreds of
thousands of Americans who are looking
for and finding new homes. Now that the,
people of Oregon are advertising their re
sources and advantages, and are to have
a Lewis and Clark Exposition, the atten
tion of the migrating public will be turned
toward that state, and Its claims will be
studied by many before they decide upon
e. location for their future homes. -
HENDERSON AND TOM REED.
Minneapolis Tribune.
It la useless to look for a rational ex
planation of the extraordinary action of
Speaker Henderson .In the Iowa platform
or the party differences in his state. These
differences are chronic in Iowa, and they
do. not affect Republican majorities there.
The Iowa platform has received more at
tention than It merited. It represents ad
vanced Republican opinion on the tariff?
but jiot more advanced than other state
platforms, and not more advanced than
the speeches of McKlnley and Roosevelt.
As long ago as 1S96 the Republican Na
tional Convention declared In favor of
changing the tariff to suit changing con
ditions.- That is all there Is In the Iowa
platform except the suggestion that the
tariff ought not to shelter monopoly, which
Is good Republican doctrine enough,
though It may seem to the Speaker a slap
at some of his friends. There Is nothing In
this platform he could not run on, and
there was no fear of his defeat The rea
son for his abdication must be sought
elsewhere.
The reason must be sought In Hender
son's experience as Speaker. This Is a
trying place, and even so strong a man as
Tom Reed tired of it. Henderson trav
eled a rocky road, and had not Reed's
power to smooth It by main strength.
The Ulysses bow of the Reed rules was
too much for the weaker hand. He could
not maintain party discipline, and his
temper suffered in the vain effort. This
cost him the personal popularity which
was the chief basis of his political power.
He saw legislation It was his duty to his
party to put through defeated by party re
volt, and he saw the support he counted
on to keep him In 'the Speaker's chair
falling away from him. It Is not neces
sary to dwell on his awkward position be
tween the people and the great Interests
to which Republican leaders pay more
heed than the Republican rank and file.
This was an incident of the whole wretch
ed muddle. Speaker Henderson found him
self In a place too big for him, and threw
It up; not In mere pettlshness, but In hon
est despair.
The comparison between Speaker Hen
derson and "Mr. Reed goes only part of
the way. Both tired of its arduous duties
and perplexing cares. But Reed tired of
it because he had realized all of its pos-.
sibllitlesand saw the gates of farther
advancement closed to him. Henderson
tired of It because' he lacked power to
realize Its possibilities. The Speakership
had nothing more for Reed, because he,
had made such a tremendous success. It
had nothing more for Henderson, because
he had made a comparative failure of It.
Reed had reached a point where nothing
but the Presidency could satisfy his am
bition. When he realized that the Speak
ership could not lead him to the Presi
dency, he exchanged the poverty of pub
He life for the affluence of New York law
practice. Doubtless Henderson dreamed of
the Presidency, like every American; but
he would have been satisfied with the
Speakership for many years. He is throw
ing up public life because, in his case,
it seems probable that one term as Speak
er will not lead even to another. It is
not possible to pretend that he will be
missed in,public life as Reed was missed.
He was not a great Congressman, and he
has not been a great Speaker.
REFORM SENTIMENT H THE EAST
Chicago Post, Rep.
Another courageous and progressive Re
publican has repudiated the fallacy that
the country's prosperity Is a practical ar
gument against tariff readjustment. The
reference Is to Eugene N. Foss, candidate
for Congress from the new Eleventh dis
trict of Massachusetts. His platform and
outspoken speeches have attracted Na
tional attention of a favorable and flat
tering character.
The planks in Mr. Foss platform which
bear upon the overshadowing question of
present-day politics are these:
Immedlate-larifC revision along: such lines as
will give- New England Industries- fair play: and
every man a fair -chance to. earn a living, .
Reciprocity with Canada, our best foreign cus-,
tomer, per capita, and Cuba, our ward, and for
such reciprocal treaties with other countries as
will build up our home industries and Increase
our commerce.
Reciprocity with Cuba rests upon a pe
culiar and distinct set of considerations.
It Is not a question of interest (though
National Interest would certainly be pro
moted thereby), but a matter of plain
duty and National honor. Even the most
militant high protectionist ought to recog-.
nlze the exceptional nature of Cuba's de
mand for freer access to our markets.
But reciprocity with Canada Is an In
tegral part of the general case for a new
and more enlightened trade policy. The
Dominion threatens retaliation and bit
terly complains of unfair treatment by
our Congress. She is not the only cus
tomer that Is dissatisfied and restive, and
any argument for reciprocity with her
will apply with equal force to our rela
tions with Continental Europe. This Mr.
IJoss perceives and indirectly recognizes
In his first plank. New England wants
free hides and leather and free coal and
Iron, and It Is natural for a candidate from
that section to express the wishes of the
constituency he seeks to represent. The
West Is Interested In other schedules, and
may even oppose some of New England's
demands.
The essential thing, however. Is that
Mr. Foss' open advocacy of revision seems
to have secured for him remarkable sup
port In business and Industrial circles.
Prominent merchants and manufacturers,
even ex-members of the Home Market
Club, are earnestly Indorsing his platform.
"Let well enough alone" does not appeal
to them, for It Is the motto of stagna
tion and cowardice.
VARIANT VIEWS OF HEXDERSON".
It Is particularly to be regretted that the rea
son which he assigns Is that he Is too firmly
Imbedded In the principles of protection to con
sent to appeal again to the people of his dis
trict Troy Times.
Mr. Henderson could not represent as a
mouthpiece of his commonwealth the new at
titude which Inspires it. He therefore asks his
people to substitute a more congenial expo
nent. Newark Evening News.
Mr. Henderson's explanation is sufficiently
serviceable, but no doubt he has another reason
for his declination, and that It Is his displeas
ure with the President Is easy to guess. He is
one of the many strong men in Congress whom
Mr. Roosevelt has permanently alienated.
Buffalo Courier.
Western opposition to the trusts is far mora
powerful and deep-seated than the opposition
in the East, and Henderson, being a radical on
the subject of the tariff and the friend t the
trusts, has undoubtedly become frightened and
read the handwriting of defeat on the walls of
his district. Syracuse Telegram.
The only explanation we can offer is thai Re
publican opinion In Iowa, and especially In his
own district. Is much more strongly committed
to tariff reform than the country at large has
been led to believe. Mr. Henderson is on the
ground, and he thoroughly understands the lo
cal situation. Syracuse Evening Herald.
Possibly his determination- to seek some other
field of activity was brought about as much by
his dislike of Congressional conditions as It
was by the fact of his being out of touch with
his constituents upon a question which is not
likely to come up for extended discussion while
the present wave of prosperity continues. Troy
Record.
Few will believe that the trust question tells
the whole story. The withdrawal of Henderson
is probably the outcome of factional politics.
A faction opposed to the old machine to which
the Congress delegation owed allegiance tri
umphed In the state convention, and was re
sponsible for the tariff and trusts planks. Hen
derson was in a peculiarly vulnerable position.
Buffalo Express.
The FUjrht.
Lloyd Mifflin.
Upon a cloud among the stars we stood.
The angel raised his hand and looked and said,
"Which world, of all yon starry myriad.
Shall we make wing to?" The. still solitude
Became a harp whereonhls voice and mood
Made spheral music round his haloed head.
I spake for then I had not long been dead
"Let me look round upon the vasts, and brood
A moment on these orbs ere I decide ...
What Is yon lower star that beauteous shines
And with soft splendor now Incarnadines
Our wings? There would I go and there abide."
He smiled as one who somo child's' thought di
vines: "That is the world where yesternight rou died."
i
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Ethics of the Green Table.
Can they pinch a man for dealing on the
square?
Can the lookout be molested In his chair?
Can they interrupt the deal and stop the
roulette wheel?
I ask you, on the level, Is It fair?
Now, the law is always sacred in my eyes.
And the code of honor's what I dearly
prize;
But to make a raiding trip without send
ing first a tip
Is It constitutional, or just, or wise?
When a quiet social game is under way.
And the door is locked, just as the orders
say.
Can they touch the box or wheel jn the
middle of the deal.
With all the bets a-golng as they lay?
Don't the law protect the dealer In hia
chair?
And the bank-roll If the box is on the
square?
It's three to one the Mayor will protect
an honest player.
For to keep that thousand dollars Isn't
fair.
Morgan rulca the waves.
Here's champagne to our real friends
and real pain to our sham friends.
The Seattle Jdea quails when it comes to
claiming the origin of every notorious
criminal.
It takes all kinds of people to make
a world'. Mr. Waggoner is looking for
Mrs. Waggoner.
If the Columbia River doesn't quit lin
gering at the bar so much. Its channel
will begin to feet full.
It is reassuring to learn from the Puget
Sound press that Portland Is on its de
cline again, j Let the good work go on;
this same oAl decline we've had' for 10
growing, bounding years.
The banging and ringing of gongs for
restaurants on the line of the Erie has
been forbidden. As a substitute, one
man is sent through arriving trains, busi
ly engaged in munching a savory sand
wich. "The result was that Portland be
came prosperous, and at one time it wes
reported to be the richest city of its
size in the United States, except one,
Hartford, Conn." Seattle Washingtonlan.
Our friend Is en regie with this charming
fiction, but might have added that the
other town was also New Haven, and
occasionally Helena.
Dr. Eastman, a full-blooded Sioux In
dian, and at present a Government physi
cian in Dakota, has written a book
called "Indian Boyhood," in which he
tells In simple fashion of the woodcraft
and animal love which he learned In his
youth. After graduating from the Bos
ton Medical School, Dr. Eastman mar
ried Elaine Goodale, 4the poet, and set
tled down in Dakota. He was a crack
football-player and champion athlete in
his Dartmouth College days.
Foxley Parish, near East Derenam, has
perhaps the most wonderful record In
England. It has only changed its rector
once in 110 years. In 1792 Rev. J. Slough
ton took the living and held it until 1S40,
when Canon Ndrgate, the present rector,
was appointed. The venerable canon Is
himself one of the oldest rectors In Eng
. land, having a record of 66 Vear3 ot
-clerical service, -Ho preached .a sermon
on the coronation of Queen Victoria ana
had never had the assistance of a curate
until this year.
Easily the best-looking woman among
the late Queen Victoria's many descend
ants Is the Grand Duchess Serge of Rus
sia. The daughter of Princess Alice, she
was left an orphan at' 14. Her beauty
brought many suitors, including, it la
said, the present German Emperor. Bne
was married to Grand Duke Serge on
the eve of her 20th birthday. They share
artistic and antiquarian tastes, and, being
childless, they travel a great deal. Her
Highness is one of the few royal ladles
who have visited Palestine.
An English nobleman In 111 health was
out one morning early, wearily taking a
constitutional. Walking along his game
preserves, he turned a sharp corner and
came face to face with an Irishman wno
had the reputation of being an inveterate
poacher. Putting his hands and what they
held behind him, he preserved a perrectly
virtuous aspect, while the gentleman
hailed him cordially with "Good morning.
Pat!" "Good mornin', Yer Haner, an
phwat brings Yer Haner out so airly this
marnbV?" "I'm just walking around,
Pat, to see if I can't get an appetite for
my breakfast. And what brings you out
so early. Eat?" "Och, be jabbers. Ol
can't get a breakfast for me oppetlte."
Election of delegates to the National
Republican League recalls the fact that
Oregon was represented in that organiza
tion In 18DS by a professed Democrat.
None of the regularly elected delegates
from this state went East that year to
the meeting, which was held in Omaha,
but the proxies were forwarded to Com
missioner H. E. Dosch. then in attend
ance at the Omaha Exposition, and he
was requested to represent Oregon. Ho
wrote back that, though he had sup
ported McKlnley on the sound money
Issue, he. had always been a Democrat
and doubted the propriety of sitting in
a Republican meeting to represent the
Republicans of a Republican state. "A
sound-money man In Oregon Is good
enough Republican for us." the answer
went back. "You go ahead and represent
us." And he did. And he has been a
Republican ever since.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Exercise Is hard work that you do not have to
do. Boston Transcript.
"Jones says he doesn't owe a dollar In the
world." "H'm: shrewd tradespeople Jones deals
with'." Baltimore News.
He I knew, the night I proposed to you, that
you would accept mc. She Why. did I look so
foolish? Yonk era Statesman.
Professor A Do you think he has really mas
tered the subject? Professor B Oh. my. yes!
He has gone so far In It that all the conclu
sions he has reached are practically useless.
Judge.
Mrs. Newed What are those purple things?
Dealer Eggplants, ma'am. Mrs. Newed Oh,
how lovely! I'll take two and set them out In
our back yard. Do they bear fresh eggs all the
year round? Chicago Dally News.
"I want you to understand, sir, that my pride
forbids me to Accept anything from you after I
marry your daughter." "How are you going to
live?" ""Well. I thought you might make somo
kind of a settlement beforehand." Life.
"Gents." sal4 the clerk of the Summer hotel,
"you're making too much noise. Mr. Longhare,
the author, 13 In the next room, and he says
he can't write." "That so?" replied one of the
roisterers: "tell him everybody knows that."
Philadelphia Press.
Peril of the Pumpkin Crop. New England
will wait with anxiety for further news from
the districts In Maine where the, frost is said
to have Injured the pumpkin crop. Boston
Transcript.
A Harassing Doubt. "Oh, Maggie, If I could
only make myself believe dat he loves ,me for
myself, an' not because me mudder keeps er
fruit-stand!" Harper's Bazar.