THE MORNING QREGONIAN. FRIDAY, AUGUST 29, 1902.
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PORTLAND, FHIDA AUGUST 20.
TAHIFF AND TRUSTS.
The steel trust, in an effort to show
its financial strength and capacity, sub
mits to. the New Jersey Court of Chan
eery that It is making a clear profit of
S150.000.000 a year. This is 50 per cent
more than the United States Govern
roent's gross receipts from the postal
service. It is between 10 and 11 per cent
interest on the company's own generous
self-valuation of $1,400,000,000. The ex
hibit also includes a surplus of $65,000,
000. It is a fair question, and one not to
be Ignored, evaded or thrust aside,
whether this powerful and prosperous
concern stands in any longer need of a
protective tariff. Once our Iron and
steel production was an lufant indus
try. It craved Government support that
in some corner it might lay its helpless
and defenseless head. Now it has
spreaoUts, parchment out overthe whole
and says. It is mine. It Is able to stand
alone. Its tariff protection, which com
pels all Industry here to pay extortionate
prices for everything, whether domestic
or imported from abroad, should bef
withdrawn in no longer time than it
takes Congress to pass the bill and the
President to sign IL
Iron bars and steel billets are pro
tected by a duty of from three to seven
tenths of a cent a pound, that is, from
$6 to $14 a ton. Tet In the last fiscal
year we sold abroad various forms of
iron and steel manufacture aggregat
ing in value $117,000,000. Firearms are
heavily protected. A $6 gun pays about
i $5 in duty. Tet our exports of firearms
reached $1,000,000. Xiocomotives carry
$30 a ton duty, or from $3000 to $8000
on a complete engine and tender; but
we sell $6,000,000 worth abroad yearly.
These duties are unnecessary. They
should be abolished.
Cars, carriages and buggies pay $35
to $45 on each $100 of valuation, yet we
market abroad $10,000,000 of them an
nually. The copper trust gets its raw
product free and a protective duty of
45 per cent on its productions, yet 'sells
abroad each year manufactures aggre
gating $43,000,000. The rubber trust has
its raw material of all sorts on the free
list, with protective duties on its prod
uct ranging from 30 to 100 per cent.
Its surplus old abroad is $4,000,000 a
year. Leather, protected from 20 per
cent on. rough leather to complicated
and much higher duties on manufac
tures, goes abroad to the extent of $28,
000,000 annually: and this Includes
$5,600,000 worth of boots and shoes, pro
tected with a duty of 25 per cent Pi
anos and organs with 45 per cent ad
valorem protection, went abroad $2,700,
000 last year, and cotton, goods, protect
ed 60 per cent and higher, find sales to
the amount of $20,0.00,000.
Another class of duties contribute to
the profits of trusts controlling the nec
essaries of life. Salt pays S cents per
100 pounds In bulk, and 12 cents in
packages. The lead . trust is protected
by a duty of $42 50 a ton, and ordinary
window glass pays 3 cents a pound. The
only remedy the consumer has against
domestic extortion is the chance to buy
abroad, and this is denied him by Con
gress, acting under the Influence of
these powerful corporations. There is
no popular demand for protection to
these trusts. The only beneficiaries are
the trusts themselves. The tribute thus
wrung by them from the people is un
necessary, unjust and inimical to com-
mbn morality.
t For Republican leaders to pretend
that eradication of these tariff abuses
cannot be undertaken without disaster
to business, is only to exhibit either
ignorance or insincerity. These few
simple corrections can be made as easily
aa last session the war revenue repeal
bill was passed. The result would be
strict justice to the trusts and reassur
ance for the body of the people, who
are alarmed at the trusts and distrust
ful of the whole protection fabric
Secretary Shaw liken tariff reform to
a fire In a wheat field which will assur
edly destroy thistles along with the
crop. The illustration i9 good, but mis
applied. The fire that Secretary Shaw
and other blind leaders are inviting is
the lire of Democratic victory, which
will sweep Republican thistles and grain
alike from the political field unless it is
quenched forthwith by a judicious and
honest application of tariff reform.
Child labor has attained proportions
in the South that to the thoughtful stu
dent of economic conditions are little
short of appalling.. The cotton manufac
turing Industry, which has oeveloped In
that .section with such wonderful rapid
ity 1n recent years, depends largely for
its operatives upon children of from 9
to 15 years. Sallow, stunted little
drudges, these workers toll in the. mills
from year's end to year's end, their in
dolent, illiterate parents perfectly con-
tent to enjoy the proceeds of their la
bor at the expense of their physical,
mental and moral development. The
effect of this industrial system upon the
social and educational conditions of the
South a few years hence, unless legis
lation comes to the rescue of these little
human machines and rules them out of
the factories and into schools, is easy to
foresee. Dwarfed in body, darkened in
mind, mercifully shortlived, these chil
dren will as men and women become
a blot upon civilization not less dark
than that which shadowed it through
African slavers.
OREGON AND CUBA.
The Oregonlan's contention for gener
ous treatment of Cuba has been based
on the broad ground that our duty to
the island, as to Porto Rico and to the
Philippines, is to put the erstwhile sub
jects of Spain in the way of stable and
contented living, and that peaceful and
orderly government is incompatible
with commercial distress. Cuba peace
ful can never be, except first there be
Cuba prosperous. It was on this gen
eral principle that The Oregonlan disap
proved the action of the Oregon delega
tion In Congress in collusion, with the
"insurgents."
It is well to bear in mind, however,
that the matter has a more sordid bear
ing. It touches the pockets of our peo
ple as well as their conscience. One
industry directly affected is wheatgrow
ing. The present Cuban duty on flour
is $1 per 100 kilos, or, practically, a dol
lar a barrel. The new duty which Cuba
Is about to establish is 100 per cent, or
about $4, more or less, on the best Ore
gon flour according to present quota
tions. In 1902 we shipped to Cuba 588,-
556 barrels of flour, and the year before
we sent 656,556 barrels. These figures
are nearly up to those of the year 1S93,
when the reciprocity treaty was in force,
and when the West was enthusiastic
over the policy Mr. Blaine had led his
party to adopt. In the fiscal year 1891,
with no reciprocity treaty, we sent to
Cuba 114,447 barrels of flour, and the
value of all our exports to Cuba was
$11,929,600. In 1893, with the reciprocity
treaty, our exports of flour were 616,406
barrels, and the value of all our domes
tic exports was -$23,604,094. Last year
the value of all our exports to Cuba was
.$25,012,109, and the year before it was
nearly a million dollars less.-
Oregon will not lose much by this
Cuban duty. As has been said before
in these columns, Cuba will hurt her
self as much aB any one by the high
duties, and if our flour does not go to
the Cubans, somebody else will be glad
to buy it. Yet, so far as the result does
affect us. It will be bad. A general
policy along these lines would mean dis
aster readily discernible. The proposed
Increase in the duty will affect all flour,
Spanish, Argentine, American; but the
duty cannot be Increased from $1 to $4
a barrel without reducing Its consump
tion.
There are other Items of export In
which Oregon Is Interested, such as pro
visions. Some of the last year's exports
to Cuba were:
Provlsiona $5,COY,570
Iron and steel 4.325.314
ureaastuns 3,4G0,37
wood and manufactures 1.1)05.007
Boots and shoes 582.490
Manufactures of cotton 378,031
The sales of all these wares to Cuba
would be promoted by friendly tariff
concessions, instead of mutual antag
onisms. For example, the pxnort of cot
ton goods is small, -because there we en
counter European competition. If we
w(ould reduce our duties on Cuban to
bacco and sugar, we could tret from
Cuba a reduction of her duties on cotton
goods and many other manufactures
that would enable us to meet European
competition. The Cuban tariff will im
pose a duty of 40 per cent on pine lum
ber, which is now free, an item that
must Interest Oregon; it will Increase
the duty ou fresh beef and mutton from
$4 50 per 220 pounds to 50 per cent, and
on fresh pork from the same rate to 100
per cent, and on salt provisions to 50
and 100 per cent Over $2,000,000 worth
of lard -was sent to Cuba last year, and
the new duty will be 100 per cent The
duty on boots and shoes is now a little
over 7 cents a pair; it will be raised to
10 and 17 cents.
This whole Cuban episode, if it pro
ceeds to its apparent end, will demon
strate an aspect of the tariff question
that is Important, but little appreciated,
This is that drastic penal tariffs injure
the Judge as much as the culprit We
are in a fair way to drive Cuba to Great
Britain to trade; and Cuba is laying the
foundation for complaint of dear food
from her masses. Cuba is not to us as
Europe; but rather in some such eco
nomic relation as that sustained by
Louisiana or California. Free trade has
worked wonders for these remote com
munltles, enabling them to market ad
vantageously their peculiar products
and enabling the manufacturing regions
to sell thither with ease and profit
Meanwhile the benefits of free buying
have given California cheap importa
tlons and delighted the East with cheap
fruits, flour, wool and wines. Of like
mutual benefit would be free trade be
tween the United States and Cuba. Be
nlghted slaves we are, all of us, thus to
prefer commercial chains to freedom
THE MONROE DOCTRINE.
The English newspapers are pleased
with what they characterize as "Presi
dent Roosevelt's modified interpretation
of Monroeism" in his recent speeches-
Monroeism as defined by President
Roosevelt Is in strict conformity with
its original conception and objects. The
Monroe Doctrine as sat forth in the
message of President Monroe declares.
first, that any attempt on part of the
allied powers to extend their system to
any portion of this hemisphere would
be regarded as dangerous to our peace
and safety; secondly, that the inter
position of any European power to op
press the South American Governments,
or in any manner to control their des
tiny, would be taken as manifestly an
unfriendly disposition toward the
United States; thirdly, that the contl
nents of America, by the free and lnde
pendent position they have assumed
and maintained, are not henceforth to
be considered as subjects of coloniza
tion by any European power.
President Monroe disclaimed in his
message any intention, not only of in
terferlng in European affairs, but also
of interfering with any of the American
colonies or dependencies which were at
that time (1823) possessed by a European
power. This disclaimer does not bar us
from asserting rights of conquest and
colonization In Asia, Africa or Oceanica
TMia Hnnfrlna olmnli Mi.-a .
Europe must keep her hands off Amer
ica, and that we in turn will keep our
hands off Europe. When Monroe's mes
sage was first announced it was warmly
indorsed by the English people, sav
the paragraph which asserted that "the
American continents are henceforth not
to be considered as subjects for future
colonization by any European power'
but the political changes of nearly
eighty years have left Great Britain
with no ambition with which the en
forcement of the Monroe Doctrine in Its
entirety can possibly Interfere.
The British possessions in America are
secure under the Monroe Doctrine, and
Great Britain has no Interest In con
testing the protest of the United States
against the acquisition of new territorial
rights in North or South America by
any of the powers of Continental Eu
rope. Such colonization would be a
dangerous prize if it had to be won at
the cost of a tremendous war with the
South American States backed by the
United States.
DANGEROUS DELAY.
The ship channel of the Columbia
River above Willow Bar has shallowed
to about 17 feet at low tide, although
the river Is not yet down to the zero
mark. About tea months ago the atten
tion of the Port of Portland was called
to the fact that this particular spot was
one of the worst on the river. Ships
were continually getting aground in at
tempting to get through the zigzag
channel on which a considerable amount
of Port of Portland money had been
spent The testimony of pilots, steam
ship masters and others familiar with
the river currents at that point, was all
to the effect that a mistake had been
made in attempting to cut a channel
across the river at a point where it
should have run straight up and down
stream, or at least quartering with the
current Protest and comment were of
no avail, however, and throughout the
entire shipping season of 1901-02 ships
were subjected to annoying delays ,at
this point This year the trouble Is
worse than it was a year ago, and no
steps have been taken to remedy It
A period of several months has elapsed
since the grain shipping season was at
its height The lack of protest during
the dull season may have led the Port
of Portland Commission to believe that,
instead of filling up, the channel had
scoured out and that any work on it
accordingly would be-superfluous. This
seems to be the only reason in sight for
the costly neglect to remedy an unskill
ful piece of work. Even this hardly ex
cuses the channel-makers for their fail
ure to give the matter some attention.
Every shipping man in business in the
city has known for the past six months
that the largest fleet of cargo ships that
ever headed for Portland In a single sea
son would be due here in September,
October and November. It has also
been quite familiar to the business com
munity that over sixty .ships had al
ready been chartered to load grain at
Portland, and that many of them are
too large to be handled to advantage in
that zigzag channel. .
Under, such circumstances it would
seem that some one has been guilty of
great negligence in not looking a little
farther ahead. It is less expensive and
more' favorable to the port to aig a
channel for a ship before she grounds,
instead of afterwards, and this is what
should have been done by the Port of
Portland. Comparisons are odious; but
it is a matter of record that when the
Port of Portland Commllon Included
among Its members a prominent wheat
shipper, a sawmill owner, a banker, a
water front property-owner and a steve
dore, there was a better channel In the
Columbia than has been In evidence
since that time. The wheat shipper
kiiew that a poor channel meant light
erage, and the attendant delay In get
ting a cargo afloat The banker knew
that a poor channel would eventually
drive ships to other ports, and the profit
of supplying finances for moving the
crop would be lost to him and to Port
land. The mlllowner was In coropetl
tlon with ports where lighterage was
unknown, and nothing but an unlm
peded channel would put him on even
terms with those porta The wharf
owner was interested in securing all of
the freight possible for his warehouses
and the stevedore could get no money
out of ships that were sent to other
ports on account of the poor channel
here.
This was a combination of Interests-
and they might be termed selfish In
terests which resulted in giving Port
land the best channel to the sea that
she has ever enjoyed. In working to
protect their individual Interests they
incidentally protected the interests of
the entire population of Portland. The
present commission may be equally In
terested in the welfare of the city, but
results are what count
A HARVEST FESTIVAL.
The hop harvest Is just at hand. Tnls
means that hundreds of pickers, mostly
women and children, will soon be afield
ready and eager to earn their share of
the money that the hop industry annu
ally brings Into the state. There Is
perhaps no other single industry in the
Willamette Valley that diffuses Its prof
its so widely as this. It was distinctly
the blessing of the hard times to hun
dreds of families, who depended upon It
for means to meet a multitude of press
Ing needs. Farmers plucked their taxes
from the hop vines; boys gathered from
them schoolbooks and Winter clothing
young women heaped up the boxes with
fragrant blossoms and saw therein party
dresses and plnmoney; older women
saw the possibility of supplying the
needs pf the little ones grow Into cer
talnty ao the- days of the harvest wore
on, and the checks to their credit grew
and grew. The rain, though it ire
quently fell in torrents all day long,
was never hard enough- to drive the
pickers entirely from the field, and when
at last the harvest was over the grand
army of laborers, bedraggled and weary
but still glad of their part In the hop
harvest, took their way homeward ordl
harlly well content The greater part of
the work. It is said, will be done by-
women and children this year, for the
reason that men generally are employed
in other lines. If this Is true, it will
mean added hardship and Increased re
sponslbillty for women who undertake
to care for their families In the hop
yards. The social conditions of any pro
miscuous gathering are not calculated
to reassure the prudent parent In an
"outing" such as the hop harvest is to
many reckless boys and Inexperienced
fun-loving girls is suggestive of all sorts
of escapades, innocent in conception but
likely, to grow into mischief more or less
disastrous. For this reason young peo
pie should not be allowed to go In
"gangs" to the hopyards, unless accom
panled by some one in authority. A la
mentable occurrence in a hopyard In
Polk County a few years ago, In whlfch
a life was lost as the result of the bully
ing and persecution of ungoverned boys
Is well remembered, while of scandals of
the baser eort there have been all too
many In years past as the result of -the
unrestrained association of young people
In the camps and yards.
As an outing properly supervised
combining wage-earning with amuse
ment, the hop harvest Is not only un
objectionable, but full of promise, both
of pleasure and profit. Unless properly
supervised, however, it Is likely to bring
harvest of regrets to many homes for
which the profits will prove a mock
ery rather than a compensation.
Mr. Craddock, the Democratic candi
date for Governor of Kansajs, declares
hat if he Is elected he will reduce the
taxes of the people one-half. At Sen
eca, the other day, he described tne
methods by which he would bring this
wonderful thing about. "At present,"
he said, "the- ordinary property of Kan
sas is assessed at about $300,000,000.
The railroads and other public service
corporations are considered to be worth
$600,000,000, and we will assess them at
50 per cent of this and put them on the
tax rolls at $300,000,000. This virtually
doubles the assessed property of Kan
sas, and, therefore, will cut the lax col
lection In half. I pledge you that if I
am elected, the man who pays $100 In
taxes now will have to pay but $50 then.
and the man who pays $10 now will
have to pay but $5 then. How wise or
mischievous such a pledge would prove
In its redemption must depend on many
other things beside Itself. Corporations
as a rule pay big taxes with much more
willingness than they .show in accepting
other forms of predatory and restrictive
legislation. In general the populist does
his havoc In other ways than in correc
tion of taxation abuses. In the State
of Washington, for example, it is pro
posed to do no end' of things to the
railroads because their taxes are be
lieved to be too low. A buslnees of any
kind can pay Just taxes readily, enough
If it 13 permitted to operate freely.
The New York State Democratic Con
en tlon has-been called for September
30,
New York has always been an un
certain state since the foundation of the
Republican party. In 1S56, 1S58 dnd 1S60
New York was carried by the Republi
cans, but In 1862 the Democrats elected
Horatio Seymour Governor, but two
years later Lincoln again carried New
York. In 1858 and 1870 the Democrats
were victorious, but In 1872 Grant car
ried It over Greeley by a great major
ity. In 1874 and 1876 New York was a
Democratic state. In 1878 the Republi
cans elected Cornell Governor over a
divided Democracy, and in 1880 Garfield
carried It for President In 1SS2 the
Democrats elected Cleveland Governor
over a divided Republican party, and It
was a Democratic state In the Presiden
tial election of 1884. In 1SS6 the Demo
crats carried the state. In 1S8S New
York voted for Harrison for President,
but Hill and the other Democratic
state nominees were elected. Other re
cent Democratic years have been 1889,
1S91, 1892 and 1897. McKInley's popular
plurality two years ago was 143,606.
The betrothal of the Grand Duke
Michael, brother of the Czar, and, in
default of a son to the latter, heir to
the throne. Is a matter of great rejoicing
to the faction In Russian court circles
that is hostile to the Czarina. This fac
tion Is led by the Dowager Empress,
who contrives to make the life of her
young daughter-in-law miserable, a
condition that Is aggravated by her re
peated failure to give an heir to the
throne. The young woman who Is to
become the rival of the gentle but hlgh
splrlted Czarina for the favor of the
Czar's subjects Is a Duchess of Meck-lenburg-Schwerln,
whose family is
closely allied by marriage to the im
perial house of Russia. She Is barely
16 years old, and Is said to be averse to
union with the consumptive young
Czarowltz. The marriage can scarcely
fall to add another tragical chapter to
the long record of unhapplness that tells
the story of numerous Russian-German
Imperial marriages.
The increasing price of coal is so se
vere a hardship to the people of tne
Atlantic seaboard that the Springfield
Republican urges the renjoval of the
pfesent duty of 67 cents a ton on soft
coal. This duty was Imposed for the
purpose of protecting the great bitu
minous coal Industry of the United
States from the small Industry of Brit
ish Columbia and the maritime prov
inces of Canada. Its removal would
give New England cheaper soft coal and
coke. Coke made from bituminous coal
can be used as a substitute for hard
coal in the stove and the furnace. It
can be used In stoves where soft coal
cannot, and for furnaces Is no more ex
pensive and much more satisfactory
than soft coal. Anthracite coal Is on
the free list, but none can be obtained
outside of Pennsylvania short of South
Wales, England, at a price which, with
ocean freight added, makes its use at
any distance from tidewater out of the
question.
Against the contention that It is none
of the employer s business how his
clerks spend their money or their leisure
time Secretary Shaw makes substantial
protest. His order with respect to
clerks in the Treasury Department who
Indulge in sports unbecoming to persons
m their position, and more or less a
menace to the public funds. Is alto
gether commendable. It Is neither judl
clous nor reasonable to maintain In posi
tlons oftrust men who engage In gam
bling at cards or who stake money
upon the races. No doubt the clerks
in the Treasury Department ere, as a
body, men of exemplary life and char
acter. That In so large a body there are
some whose habits are questionable Is
not strange. To eliminate these entirely
may not be possible, but Secretary
Shaw has shown, a commendable spirit
in an attempt Ipoklng to that end.
Hasty generalization is admirably ex
emplified In this paragraph from the
New York Evening Post:
One of the curious results of abolishing
party conventions Is noted In the Mississippi
canvass. The stato has adopted the primary
system, and, in consequence, is for the first
time In many years without a party platform.
The utterances of candidates will have to he
taken as filling this deficiency.
Platforms can be adopted through the
primary system as well as under the old
regime of packed conventions. Simply
submit the various proposed planks to
the primary referendum. The BIng
ham act, twice defeated by the Oregon
Legislature, but due there again this
Winter, provides for Just such a method
of platform-making in. this state.
It would not be a great stretch of
generosity for the state to make good,
as far as possible, to Frank Ingram
the leg he lost In the brave though un
fortunately futile attempt to prevent the
escape of Tracy and Merrill from the
Penitentiary. Perhaps the Legislature
will see it in 'this, light when the proper
time comes and vote the necessary sum
to put Ingram on his feet.
THE BRAVE. V0IE OF IDAHO.
Boston Herald.
The action taken by the Republican
State Convention of Idaho Is another
proof of the aroused feeling In this coun
try on the subject of tariff revision, par
ticularly in its relations to the great
Industrial combinations. Congressman
Grosvenor. of Ohio, has recently said that
the Republican party would revise the
tariff when the proper time came; but
he allowed It to be clearly understood
that In his opinion the present was an
exceedingly .Improper time. But the Ida
ho Republicans Insist upon "a revision of
the tariff without unreasonable delay,
which will place upon the free list every
article and product controlled by any
monopoly, and such other articles and
products as are beyond the need of pro
tection." Taking this assertion In con
nection with the further one "that many
of tho Industries of this country have out
grown their Infancy and the American
manufacturer has entered the markets of
the world and to successfully competing
with the manufacturers of other coun
tries," and It becomes clear that these
Northwestern Republicans ,do not agree
with General Grosvenor. of the ways and
means committee, that things are pretty
good as they are, nor with Secretary of
the Treasury Shaw, that the protective
tariff Is an arrangement for permanently
dividing Government favors among differ
ent geographical sections of the country.
These Idaho Republicans apparently be
long to the class of old-fashioned pro
tectionists, those who believed that It
was desirable to build up the Infant in
dustries of the country by temporarlly
according to the Representatives of these
an opportunity during the days of early
growth to charge their fellow-countrymen
higher prices for their products than it
would be possible for them exact if there
was unrestricted competition. But when
they find that our Industries have not only
passed the Infant stage, but have grown
to be the most gigantic In strength and
ability that the world has ever known,
the notion that the people of the United
States should tax themselves in order
to furnish official gratuities to these In
vestors may be an acceptable notion to
Messrs. Shaw and Grosvenor, but Is evi
dently not so looked upon by the unso
phisticated Republicans of the far North
west Of course conventional resolutions can
not bring about tariff changes; but such
resolutions, which are entirely at odds
with the wishes of the political machine
of the Republican party, would not be
adopted unless there was a strongly pro
nounced feeling on the part of the peo
ple whom the delegates to these con
ventions represent; hence it becomes evi
dent that If the Republican majority In
Congress refuses to act it runs the risk
of placing In the possession of the Demo
crats the best possible Issue with which
to win a sweeping victory In 1904. We
should imagine that even the represen
tatives of the. great industrial interests.
who have been the chief beneficiaries of
our protection system, would realize that,
great .as the risk may be of having a Re
publican Congress take up the subject
of tariff revision, the risk of having the
Republican party defeated on the tariff
Issue and of having the Democrats revise
the tariff Is, so far as their Interests are
concerned, vastly greater, and hence of
the two evils it is conceivable that they
should see the expediency of choosing the
lesser.
HI Significant Omission.
New York Evening Post,
President Roosevelt's speech yesterday
was, for the most part, a rather tedious
example of what the Imperialists so great
ly aeprecate a harking back to the dead
past. Glorification of our motives and of
our deeds in the Philippines, albeit with
some confusion as to the facts of history.
is so easy tnat we should think a man
who so loathes tho "easy" as the Presi
dent does would not so monotonously fall
Into It. He pointed to our treatment of
Porto Rico as the true way to administer
our Island possessions. But why did he
not specify? Why did he not frankly say
that the great reason of the Porto Ricans
prosperity and content Is that they enjoy
irce traae witn us? Almost at the very
moment he was speaking, Governor Taft
was telling the Filipinos In Manila that
they deserved free trade and would soon
get It, Why could not the President be
equally precise, Instead of resorting to
vague platitudes? The only apparent
reason Is that tho Republican nartv Is
just now torn to pieces over the tariff.
ana mat if Mr. Roosevelt were to say
explicitly that we ought to grant free
trade to the Philippines, as we have
granted It to Porto Rico, he would be
rubbing salt Into the party's wounds. But
surey he cannot go on preferring what
he calls "the easy and lazy thing." which
would be. In this case, to bo silent about
an Issue which is coming to have the
first place politically.
linrsely Dne to the "Insurgents."
Providence Journal.
The Republicans of Idaho have Indorsed
the President and called for tariff reform
If the beet-sugar men in Congress had not
made euch a desperate fight against the
proposed reduction In the duties on Im
ports from Cuba these Western State con
ventions might not now be so insistent
on a moro radical revision of the tariff.
This Beats the Oregon Case.
Atchison (Kan.) Globe.
In Franklin County a boy of 19 recently
married a woman of 49. This woman had
a son grown up and about the same time
this son also married. Now the son is
father of a child and the Ottawa papers
are presenting the step-father as a record
breaker as a man who became a grand
father before he could vote.
"I Fights Mlt SlKel."
(These verses, by Grant P. itoblnson. are
specimen of the many lines of the same .char
acter that were current during- the Civil War.
The recent death of General Franz SIgel re
calls them. There was a parody oa It, after
Chancellorsvllle, where the Eleventh Corp3
bolted, ending with "I runs mlt Howard.")
I met him again, he was trudging along,
His knapsack with chickens was swelling.
He'd "Blenkercd" these dainties, and thought
It no wronir.
From some Secessionist's dwelling.
"What regiment's yours? and under whose
flag
Do you fight?" said I, touching his shoulder;
Turning slowly around, he smilingly said.
For tho thought made him stronger and
bolder:
"I fights mlt Slgeli"
The next time I saw him his knapsack was
gone,
His cup and canteen were a-mlsslng.
Shell, shrapnel and grape, and the swift rifle
ball
Around him and o'er him were hissing.
"How are you, my friend, and where have
you been.
And for what and for whom aro you fight
ing?"
He said, as a shell from the enemy's gun
Sent his arm and his musket a-kltlng:
"I fights mlt Slgelt"
And once more I saw him and knelt by his
side;
His life blood was rapidly flowing.
I whispered of home, wife, children and
friends.
The bright land to which he was going;
"And have you no word for the dear ones at
nomc7
The wee one, the father or mother?"
"Taw, yaw." said he, -"tell them, oh! tell
them I fights"
Poor fellow; he thought of no other
"I nghts mlt Slgel!"
We scraped out a grave, and he dreamlessly
sleexw t
On the banks of the Shenandoah River.
His home and his kindred alike are unknown,
His reward in the hands of the Giver.
Wo placed a rough board at the. head of his
crave
And "we left him alone In his glory."
But on It we marked e'er we turned from the
spot
' The little we knew of his story,
"I flghU mlt Slgeli" u
NATION'S MARVELOUS PROGRESS
Chicago Tribune.
The statisticians of the Treasury De
partment have taken account of the Na
tional stock, and a marvelous showing
they make of the "progress of the United
States In it's area, population and material
Industries." In less than a quarter of a
century the country has gone forward by
"leaps and bounds," until now it stands In
the front rank of the nations, and Its
progreso Is still "onward and upward."
The tabulated statistics of the last 20
years read like a romance, because noth
ing like this growth and prosperity has
been known In the past In such compara
tively brief space of time. In those 20
years the population has doubled and the
wealth of the country more than doubled.
ft3 the "true valuation of real and personal
property is fixed at 594.COO.000.C0O. as com
pared with $42,000.:00.000. W&Ue wealth
has thus lncreastd. debt has naturally de
creased in nearly similar ratio, the public
debt falling from $1,919,000,000 to 51.1O7.CO0.
000, and the per capita debt from $3S 7 to
$14 52. The total circulation of money and
the number of National banks have about
doubled, while the deposits In National
banks have trebled. A most significant
proof of this wonderful prosperity Is the
fact that the deposits In savings banks
have increased from JS19.000.000 to $2,450.
000, and the number of depositors In these
banks from 2.2S5.CC0 to 6.10S.009."
Another indication of this great prosper
ity comes from the agricultural cectlon cf
the country. The value of farm property
has increased from J12.COO.000.000 to $20,500.
000.090; of the yearly products of farm3
from J2.212.000.000 to 33.7W.000.000: and of
farm animals from 51.SS2.000.COO to J2.9S2.
000.000. It would be interesting to know how
much mortgage debt the farmers have ex
tinguished in the last few years, how much
moneV they have put in bank, how much
has been spent in Improving and stocking
farms, and how many luxuries have been
bought for farmers homes, and what par
have Industrial workingmen played in this
marvelous showing? The number of man
ufacturing plants has doubled. There
were 253,000 of them 20 j-ears ago: now
there are 513.000. The value of the output
20 years ago was $5,369,000,000; now It Is
more than $13,000,000,000. Twice as many
men have work, and wages have nearly
trefcled. being $2,735,000,000, as compared
With 594S.000.000.
The same marvelous ratio of increase.
and in some directions still higher. Is man
ifest In every department of Industry and
commercial and financial business. The
country produces about four times as
much coal, three times as much petrp-
leum, four times as much plglron, eight
times as much steel, and 10 times aa
much copper, while the wool product has
Increased 2o per cent, corn 40 per cent and
cotton Co per cent. There Is not a de
partment of natural Industry that does not
show the same astonishing Increase.
And yet there never has been a time
during tho last 20 years when the voice
of the malcontent and the grumbler has
not been heard proclaiming loudly that
the country was golnc to destruction.
There has always been somebody to de
nounce the policies which have contrib
uted so much toward the unexampled
progress of the last two decades. Even
today there are timid souls who would
retard If they could tne swift march of
the united States and bind it down to.
the leisurely lagging pace of other coun
tries. TAX nATB IX THREE CITIES.
Different Rates of Valuation
In
Them.
Chicago Record-Herald.
The tax rate In Boston for the year
1SO2-03 has been fixed at $14 SO on $1000.
As tho assessed value In Boston approx
imates the actual value this Is the equiv
alent of a rate of 7.40 per cent on the
Chicago basis of a one-fifth valuation.
The total value of taxable property in
Boston Is $1,191,308,100. of which $957,406.
S00 is real and $233,811,200 is personal.
From this It Is evident that the assessed
value of real estate In Boston Is four
times that of the personal property, the
percentages being 0.4 and 19.6 respec
tively. When compared with the figures for
Chicago for 1901 It appears that our reve
nue system reaches a larger proportion
of personal property than the Boston
system. Multiplying the returns for
that year by five to get the full value
the assessment In Chicago Is as follows:
Real estate $1,296,272,990
Personal property 498.517,923
Kauroaus 7S,iii,Z55
Total $1,872,902,200
It will be perceived that In Chicago
the proportions are real estate 69.2 per
cent, personal property 26.6 per cent and
railroads 4.2 per cent. In other words,
while the assessable property found in
Boston is less than one-fifth of the
whole in Chicago It over one-fourth.
In Greater New Tork the total real and
personal assessment for 1902 Is $3,857,047,-
718, derived as follows:
Real estate $3,330,647,579
Personal property 526,400.139
This yields a proportion of S6.3 per cent
for real estate to only 13.7 per cent for
personal property. It shows that the
latter la less than one-seventh of the
total assessment. The tax rate In New
York Is about 2.3 per cent on assessed
value, or over 10 per cent on the Chi
cago basis of one-fifth.
The striking feature of jthese assess
ments, however. Is that In Chicago the
personal property assessed Is more than
double that la Boston, and almost as
great as that in fabulously wealthy New
York.
PERSONS WORTH KNOWING ABOUT.
John R. McVlcar. of Boston." Is the first white
child bJrn north of the Arctic Circle. He cel
ebrate his golden wedding anniversary the
other day. He was born at Fort Revolution.
Great Slave Lake, January, 1828. and was
christened by Sir John Franklin.
C. C Fuller, a civil engineer, has accepted
an appointment as a Christian missionary In
South Africa, where he will take charge of In
dustrial work in South Rhodesia. He Is a firm
believer that habits of Industry prepare a peo
ple for the regneratlng Influence of the Gos
pel. The Illness of his eldest son at St. Petersburg
has caused Veretscbagln, the artist, to suspend
his work on the historical painting. "The As
sault on San Juan Hill." until he can make
the trip to Russia and back. It Is not prob
able that the painting will be completed for
a year to come.
Rev. Thomas Hagerty, one of the moat widely
known Catholic priests In the country, who has
been affiliated with the diocese of Dallas. Tejp..
has sent In his resignation as a priest to
Bishop Dunne, of that city, and has also
withdrawn from the membership of the Cath
olic church. He has taken the step . In order
that he may Inaugurate a propaganda of
socialism.
Lord Derby, former Prime Minister of Great
Britain, was locking for a book In his library
one evening In the presence of Lord Arthur
Russell. Passing- the candle along the shelves
he came to the poems of William Morris. "If
I had known that he was going to turn So
cialist I wouldn't have gone to the expense of
binding him In red morocco," remarked Lord
Derby.
The best bit of patronage that ha3 fallen to
the lot of any English prelate of late Is at tho
disposal of the bishop of Oxford the arch
deaconry of Oxford, with canonry of Christ
Church added, the stipend being 1200 a year.
wlth residence. This office has Just been re-
signed by Bishop Randall, the suffragan of
the diocese, who was appointed by Bishop
Stubbs In 1S05.
Professor R. S. Shaw, son ot Professor
Thomas Shaw, of the Minnesota College of
Agriculture, "has been elected proftssor of
agriculture, superintendent of the farm, ex
perimenter In livestock and member of the
experiment station council of the Michigan
agricultural colleger Professor Shaw has been
professor of agriculture In Montana, where for
roms time he has been practically In charge
of the entire agricultural side of the station.
Including what Is ordinarily embraced under
livestock and dairying. He Is 35 years old.
Professor Shaw Is a son-in-law of Rev. Will
iam Travis, the well-known Presbyterian cler
gyman, of Oregon, and brother-ln-Ja.w of John
L. and Will Travis, of this city.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
When plumbers disagree well, we just
have to pay the bill, and it'.ls no lower,
either.
The Shah has gone to France, and now
the English spell the word the way it
should be spelled. "
A man who looks like Bartholin has
been arrested. The "real surprise would
have been if he had bfcen Bartholin.
Miles will go to the Philippines to dis
cover how in the world Uncle Sam ever
conquered the Islands without him.
Many a boy who saw Buffalo Bill won
dered how the West 'had become so "aw
fully" tame since It ceased to be wild.
Since the timber lanos of Oregon mostly
have been bought up. it is astonishing to
all what a multitude wants timber lands.
Before a doctor rates his business for
the occupation tax he should be informed
If the public is going to see his estimate
of himself.
We trust the gentlemen who are going
to marry at the Carnival have begun their
courting. It would be terrible, indeed, if
the brides did not appear.
, A German financier Is in America to
study the .acthods of the steel trust. If
he can find out anything he will do moro
than anybody In America, that's all.
John Barrett has been hobnobbing with
the Empress of Chla. We always knew
that nerve was the only qualification
necessary to a man who would bring that
lady around.
The City of Panama has few soldiers,
and fears it may fall Into the hands of
the rebels. The rebels' have been notlned
of the fact, so that they will considerately
stay away.
Of course Oregon Is adapted to the pro
duction of teas. Such functions have been
soing on here for many years. But the
new varieties will iKJt confine themselves
to the pink color.
A hotel guest In an up-Valley town dis
appeared in the course of the night. His
clothes were in his room, however, so
j that he Indications are that he dlsap-
peared piecemeal.
Kruger will no longer lead the Boer
people. He has been leading them on to
war, from a safe retreat thousands of
miles away. When hla own courage 13
atsuch a high point, the surrender of his
people canrot be else than cowardice. In
deed. Tho greatness of the City of New York
becomes Impressive when it is stated that
in the districts forming the consolidated
city the gain in population from 1S90 to
19C0 was equal to the total population in
JS00 of the States of Oregon and Wash
ingtonor nearly 1.000,000 souls.
General Moret, who commanded the
Spanish troop? In Mindanao before Spain
lost the Philippines, delights our antls by
declaring tnat the whole American Array
will be unable to whip the valiant Mcros.
Undoubtedly, If there were no better stuff
in our Army than General Moret and hi3
tin soldiers. But American soldiers do
these things differently.
In a recent conference of J. P. Morgan
and J. J. Hill "the coal strike was aliuded
to." Tho expression Is a very happy one.
The word "allude" is derived from two
Latin words, "ad," meaning "at." and
"ludere," meaning "to play." The pri
mary meaning of "to allude" is "to make
game of." or "to play with." This is con
ceivably just the way Pierp. Morgan would
treat the strike question.
Son-.e of our European critics profess to
fear that America, feeling Its power, will
play the buliy. German papers especlally
talk that way. But while America feels
Its power. It knows Its responsibility, and
It knows, moreover, what fate, soon or
late, overtakes the bully among natlona
ns among persons. It Is good for the in
tegrity of Germany that its friends and
enemies are fully as powerful as itself.
Many people eager to get timber landa
this season have assimilated only experi
ence. "Cruisers" arc no better than the
average run of business folk, and many
of them have cheated Innocent persons
without blushing about It. Some timber
locations have been good, others bad and
still more, Indifferent. The ordinary per
son cannot detect good timber from bad
by Just looking at the trees. But all the
experience Is worth the money it cost,
provided the loser can afford it, becauso
It has helped him to cut his eye teeth.
Mr. Schwab's salary as president of the
United States Steel Corporation is $223,
000 a year, $105,000 more than that of
tho President of France and $175,000 more
than tho President of the United States.
J. Plerpont Morgan Is authority for tho
statement that Mr. Schwab's perquisites
raise the amount which he receives from
the steel trust to about $1,000,000 a year.
Mr. Schwab only recently ordered ak New
York house to cost $2,500,000. He paid
$S65,000 for the land. Mr. Schwab is only
40 years old. He was born In Williams
burg, Pa., of American parents. When
he began to work as a boy IS years old
ho received $2 50 a week as a clerk In a
grocery store. After two months' work
in the store he entered the service of tho
Carnegie Steel Company, and becamo
manager of the Carnegie interests In 1S97.
He is a multi-mllllonairc. .
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPIIERS
"So Gayboy has recovered." "Tes. The
lucky fellow was too poor to be operated on."
Life.
Xot Kceplns Up. Mr. Upjohn I wish you
would tell Kathleen she cooks her steak3 too
much. Mrs. Upjohn You are three girls late.
John. The name of the present one is Mollle.
Chicago Tribune.
Merely an Oversight. Newspaper Editor
Somehow or other, -I am unable to see any
sense In this thing. Poet Oh, 1 beg your par
don. I made a mistake, and handed you a
poem intended for a magazine. Chicago Dally
News.
A Little Misunderstanding. Young Mother
What will you charge for a photograph of our
little boy? Photographer Three dollars, mad
ambut It will be considerably cheaper for a
dozen. Young Mother A dozen! Oh. no. we
can't wait so long. September Lippincott's.
Ballot and Bullet. "I suppose." said the
visitor from New England, "that the people In
this state don't take as much Interest In the
election In off years as In years of Presiden
tial elections." "Oh. no," replied the Kea-
tucklan; "rathah tame affairs. Still. I've
Known tne snootin" at me pons to Degin oeioro
daylight In off years, sah." Puck.
Legal Points. "So he got out an Injunction
against your company." we say. pityingly;
"why didn't you forestall him by getting an
Injunction to prevent the Issuance of his In
junction?" "I couldn't: you see, he wa sllk
enough to get out an Injunction against my
getting out an Injunction aginst his Injunc
tion!" Baltimore Herald.
The Lacking Quality. "There Is as much
nourishment In one banana," declares the ama
teur sc:entlst. "as there Is In one pound of
beef. ThU being so. I do not see why the
people do not eat more bananas." "They will."
asserts the magnate. "They will, as soon as
some one corners bananas and figures out
some way to make 100 per cent profit on each
one." Baltimore American. -