THE MORNING OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, "AUGUST 23, 1902,
Entered at the Postoffiee t Portland. Oregon,
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PORTLAND, FRIDAY, AUG. 22, 1002.
GOOD FOR IDAHO.
Idaho Republicans will hear from
their outspoken and advanced utterance
on the tariff. "We reproduce It:
Many of the Industries of this country have
outgrown tholr. Infancy, and the American
manufacturer has entered the markets of tho
world, and Is successfully competing with the
manufacturers of all other countries. We,
therefore, favor a revision of the tariff with
out unreasonable delay, which will place upon
tho free list every article and product con
trolled by any monopoly, and such other arti
cles and products as are beyond the need of
protection.
There is no mistaking the meaning of
this utterance. It serves the plainest
kind of notice upon the protected trusts
and their defenders that Republican
eentiment, in Idaho at least, and by
inference in the far West as a whole,
does not regard the tariff as a sacro
sanct affair, but as a means to an end, .
alterable and adaptable to the changing
needs of advancing, time.
Let us emphasize the further fact that
Idaho is -not alone In this statement.
This Boise utterance is in perfect keepr
ing with the platforms of August, July
and June. It Is even foreshadowed In
the Oregon declaration put on record in
Portland almost five months ago limit
ing the demand for protection to "nec
essary cases of Industries still in their
Infancy, or unable to compete with for
eign products." In another column on
this page we reproduce extracts from
this year's Republican platforms. Strik
ing in the direction of tariff reform are
the utterances of Vermont, Iowa and
Minnesota.
Every utterance In favor of- the Pres
ident's Cuban policy is cogent for tariff
reform, because It breaks away at once
from the tradition of tariff sanctity, in
whose sign the Cuban relief bill was
opposed. If lower tariffs on Cuban Im
ports are good for this country, so are
lower tariffs on European or Asiatic
imports. In the universal approval of
Cuban reciprocity there Is recognition
of the tariff reduction aspect of reci
procity which gives to that doctrine its
advantageous bearing on our industries,
and especially that feature of It which
looks to the abandonment of "duties no
longer needed," contemplated at St.
Louie in 1896 and distinctly enunciated
by McKinley at Buffalo.
The tariff was made for man, not
man for the tariff. It Is not an ideal
or a principle, but a bundle of schedules
on yards, pounds and articles, to be In
telligently and prosaically adjusted
from time to time, with consideration
to production, foreign supply and do
mestic demand, factories' exigencies and
treasury's needs. At It best it Is a
plain, simple, practical instrument of
common-sense statesmanship. It be
comes a principle only when It Is exalt
ed to the place of an Idol, and then It is
a principle both vicious and mischiev
ous. , Idaho has set an example which
older and more pretentious states may
follow with profit and credit. Repub
lican state conventions that are yet to
come may well take the Idaho platform
for a text. The advance it records upon
the pioneer utterance of Oregon in April
is abundantly justified by the proceed
ings of Congress and the growth of pub
lic opinion. The country looks to the
Republican party to reform the tariff.
No other party can be trusted to per
form either this or any other task that
confronts the Nation.
NATIONALIZING COAL MINES.
The New England Homestead Indorses
the suggestion that nationalizing the
coal mines would be the best ?ay to
prevent strikes among ' miners. The
eame paper is disposed to subscribe to
tthe doctrine of national ownership, con
trol and operation of telephone and
telegraphs. The" Federal Government
has already begun the work of nation
alizing the water supply for Irrigation
purposes in the so-called arid Yest. The
Homestead asks. If irrigation is to be
nationalized, why not coal, telegraph
and telephone, and admits that It may
be the only remedy for existing abuses
in the railroad business.
"We have recited these remarkable
sentiments of. a very conservative New
England publication In proof of the
opinion that the great coal strikes and
the great trusts and combinations are
doing more to foster the sentiment of
nationalization than any amount of ab
stract discussion of these themes. The
Social Democratic party in Its platform
adopted at Indianapolis, March 7, 1900,
demanded among other things the pub
lic ownership of all railroads, tele
graphs, telephones; all means of trans
portation and communication; all water
works, gas and electric plants, and the
public ownership of all gold, silver, lead,
iron and coal mines. This platform
only obtained about S4.000 votes in 1200,
a no yet teday a conservative New Eng
land publication that has no part or lot"
with the Socialist Democracy is dis
posed to think that nationalization of
coal mines, telegraphs, telephones and
perhaps of railroads would be the best
remedy for the present situation.
One thing is certain, and that Is that
If the American people once believe that
It would be expedient as a matter of
National welfare to do any of these
things they will be done without, any
regard to" the outcry of the minority
that we are playing with fire when we
accept any of the reforms urged by the
Socialist Democracy. "We shall never
accept any hard and fast theory of so
cialism in government, but we shall not
be afraid to do what Is expedient for
the public welfare, whether it remotely
smacks of socialism or not. "We are an
Intensely practical people, and the test
we apply to everything is whether It is
expedient and not in violation with our
Constitution and laws. The Govern
ment carries the malls because It be
lieves it expedient to do so; it does not
control the telegraph, as Is done In Eng
land, because It has not hitherto deemed
It expedient. Railroads and other im
portant public utilities our Government
has not touched because It has deemed
It Inexpedient; but new emergencies not
seldom compel the adoption of new poli
cies, and the reforms approved by the
New England Homestead may yet come
to pass.
THE FAIR MILLIONS.
Not least among the interests of the
tragedy by which Charley Fair, of San
Francisco, and his wife lost their lives !
is the scramble which actual and possi
ble' heirs are making for the estate.
The property Is very large, being a one
third part of the Immense estate left by
Senator Fair, the bonanza miner, at his
death some seevn or eight years ago,
in value anywhere from $10,000,000
to $20,000,000. The younger Fair had
no children, and his natural heirs are
two sisters, both of whom, already
vastly wealthy, live In New York. Hla
wife, whose antecedents nobody knew j
anything about until the tragedy of two ;
weeks ago brought her family to light, j
It appears, belonged to a large connec- j
tlon which Is preparing to make a light j
In the courts upon the theory that Fair's j
death occurred first. To prove this con
tention will manifestly be Impossible,
which no doubt is understood, but by
Initiating and keeping up a contest they ;
will be in a position where they will ;
be able to demand and probably will
receive a large price In the way of
"compromise." This was the course of
Mrs. Craven, who made a contest for a
large share in the estate of Senator Fair
under the allegation of a secret mar
riage, and In the end she came off with
a fortune In the form of a "compromise','
fee. Young Mrs. Fair's family, under
the advice of their lawyers, who pre- j
sumably will share with them, are play
ing the same game.
It was supposed that Charley Fair
left a will, but diligent search has thus
far failed to find if. The will of Mrs.
Fair has been found, 'and In It she dis
poses of her private estate, some 5300,000.
giving about one-third of It to her own
people and leaving the balance to her
husband; and In connection with '
the probate of this will a compromise
has been proposed by Mr. Fair's sisters.
Their offer Is that if Mrs. Fair's famlly
wlll abandon the effort to share In
Mr. Fair's estate, they (the Fair sisters)
will make over to them the whole of
Mrs. Fair's private estate, to part of
which under the will they have at least
a fighting claim. In other words, the
family of Mrs. Fair can have the whole
of her property without contest If they
will relinquish all claim to Mr. Fair's
property.
A curious thing about this proposal
Is that It is permitted to be made in
connection with formal proceedings of
court, the theory being apparently that
the claimants to the estate are the only
partles concerned in the distribution of
the property. There is apparently- no
recognition of the duty of the court to
carry out the will of the deceased per
son; no assumption of an authority In
the will greater than the authority of
those who are or who may claim to
be heirs to the estate. This has
long been the practice of Cali
fornia courts In dealing with estates,
growing, no doubt, out of many in-'
stances of contest and the habit of set
tlement by compromise. It is, howev,
a most vicious practice, utterly regard
less of the purpose for which wills are
made, and which it is the duty of the
courts to safeguard, and leading nat
urally to grave abuses.
A court has something more to con
sider than the interests of heirs and to
ratify such bargains as they may choose
to make among themselves. It Is the
business of the court to determine, first,
the will of the dead person, and, sec
ond, to distribute the estate In accord
ance with that will, and it is a plain
abdication of authority and an aban
donment of duty to permit heirs or
claimants to arrange by private bargain
as to what disposition shall be made of
property In which they have or may
have a common interest. It Is an act
of gross Injustice to the dead to permit
his will to be set aside or modified by
a private agreement. And If this is
to be the rule under the practice of
courts, a man with property would bet
ter abdicate the will-making function
and leave the disposition of his estate
to a wrangling committee of his heirs,
subject to whatever Influence fraudulent
claimants may choose to assert and
prosecute.
RECLAMATION OF ARID LANDS.
If the man who makes two blades of
grass grow where one grew before is a
benefactor of his age and race, what
may be said of the beneficence of a
power that, extending over vast areas
of arid lands, paves the way for thou
sands of homes? This, 'In the judgment
of men who have given close attention
to the matter, is what Congress has
done In the enactment of the Irrigation
law "the new homestead law," as It is
called by means of which the wilder
ness. literally speaking, may be made
to blossom as the rose.
This law was formed In the Interest
of the homebullder. Hedged In and
about by conditions the purpose of
which Is to shut the speculator and
land-grabber out and off the public do
main, it makes for the homesteader
terms so reasonable and conditions so
attractive as to engage the attention of
thrift and open to agriculture new and
vast possibilities.
A scheme so stupendous as that the
purposa of which Is to reclaim, under
economical and practical processes, the
vast country that half a century ago
was vaguely known as the "Great
American Desert," is,cne to command at
once wonder .arid admiration. More
than this. It Is one to enlist In Its ser
vice the most careful engineering skill
and to open up to practical. Industrious
thousands coveted opportunity to have,
to hold and to maintain homss of their
own. - The development of the country
through the Individual Is made possible
by the law. The syndicate has neither
place nor lot in the scheme. The old
est of professions that of tilling the
soil Is to be encouraged ad promoted
by It. Its possibilities deal with far
away years; its ppwer is far-reaching,
yet It is in touch, If not with the pres
ent, at least' with the near future. ' To
store up and distribute water as it Is
needed; equitably and In sufficient sup
ply to make arid lands, properly se
questered or entered, fertile. Is the pur
pose of the new homestead law. The
scheme Is a simple one, yet elaborate;
comprehensive yet strong In detail. Car
ried out with Intelligence and fidelity.
It cannot fall to be widely beneficial.
UNEQ.UAL TO THE SITUATION.
The death of General Franz Slgel
leaves but few survivors among the for
eign officers of military education and
service who sought employment In the
armies of the Union during the Civil
War. There officers were eagerly Wel
comed by our Government, for, outside"
our own little regular Army of about
10,000 men, we had no educated soldiers
and the South had carried off a very
large proportion of the most eminent
graduates of West Point. With thou
sands of untrained men In the field
our Government naturally was glad to
secure the services of officers who were
graduates of foreign military schools
and who had seen considerable service
In the field, some In the Crimean "War,
some in the Hungarian Revolution and
some In the German Revolution of 1S4S
in Baden. These foreign officers were
promptly given regiments and were
son made Brigadier and Major-Generals,
but with few exceptions they all
proved failures in the field. General
Fremont had a passion for these fel
lowa He had Generals Asboth, Sigel
and Cluseret under him. Cluseret had
received a fine military education In the
military school at Paris, and had seen
service, but he proved utterly worth
less and afterwards rose to doubtful
fame as one of the Generals of the
Paris Commune.
Asboth, who had been a cuirassier In
the Hungarian Revolution, was a man
of splendid courage, a daring trooper,
always ready to lead a reckless charge,
but not fit for command. Blenker was
soon relieved of command. Sigel and
Schurz won no fame in Virginia. Max
"Weber was a brave man without ca
pacity for higher command than a regi
ment Stahel and Steinwehr were re
spectable soldiers. Prince Salm Salm,
Kryzanowskl and Schoopf were medloc
rltlea Colonel Percy Wyndham was an
English military . adventurer who was
fitter- to follow the hounds after a fox
than to command a cavalry regiment In
a fight General Turchln, a Russian
soldier of scientific education and Cri
mean service, marred his usefulness by
his lawlessness and Insubordination.
"With the exception of General Oster
haus and General De Trobrland, the
educated foreign officers who entered
our Army were of small value, not be
cause they were not brave, but because
their European military training did
not fit them for the very different field
and circumstances of our conflict. There
were a host of Germans who entered
our Army unfettered by any previous
foreign military -education or experi
ence and made excellent soldiers, be
cause they had grown up with the coun
try and knew how to adapt themselves
to new and strange circumstances.
The foreign officers who entered the
Confederate Army did not make any
better showing. General Hennlngsen, a
distinguished Hungarian officer, com
manded a brigade at Richmond for a
short time, but, despite his fame as an
able artillery officer, never won any dis
tinction and soon resigned. Several
Prussian army officers served in Lee's
army,' but won no fame. These for
eign officers all flocked to this country
expecting to instruct our raw levies
In the nrt of war, but they soon found
out that the military situation was not
identical with that of their European
experiencca Braddock. who had fought
at Minden, had to learn the art of war
In America from Colonel George Wash
ington, and Howe, who had fought un
der Wolfe at Quebec, was repulsed at
Bunker Hill by an intrenched lirie of
farmers, while Pakenham.who broke the
French line at Salamanca, was repulsed
by the deadly lire of Kentucky and
Tennessee riflemen. Scientific European
soldiers have never won any fame on
American battle-fields. This has been
true since the days of the Revolution
down to our Civil War.
The late Jean de Bloch, in his "The
Future of War," whose last volume has
just been published, maintains that the
fundamental change in the conditions of
war came In with the American Civil
War. He holds thai It was settled once
for all by the American Civil War that
the alleged superiority of disciplined
armies over voluntary troops amounts
to nothing; that the ordinary military
training is valueless In preparing for
modern warfare. Cavalry has become
useless, for as far back as our Civil
War cavalry were fought chiefly as
mounted riflemen. M. Bloch says that
"soldiers today cannot be compacted,
but must spread apart, and each must
rely on himself as never before. One
man In defense is a match for ten In
offense; the methods of guerrilla war
fare become more and more common
and necessary, and the civilian soldier,
the simple volunteer, .is as good as the
regular, and often better." This Is the
lesson of the Boer War, and It was
foreshadowed in our Civil War before
the days of Improved magazine rifles,
cannon and smokeless powder.
The foreign officers who joined our
armies in 1861 didn't have to meet a
changed situation in matter of arms,
but they did have to meet an entirely
different field, a country where legiti
mate use of cavalry was impossible,
where there were no fine roads such as
are common in Europe, where there
were heavy forests and- trackless
swamps, a country where Infantry com
manders were wanted rather than dash
ing cavalrymen and scientific artiller
ists. It appears to be the fate of Mr.
Cjmrles Schwab, president of the Amer
ican Steel Company, to serve as an
"example" In one form or atfother for
the emulation or the warning of his
fellow-citizens. Only a little while back
he stood as the bright particular star of
commercial success, pointing to the way
by which American youth may climb
from obscurity and poverty to distinc
tion and wealth. Beginning life as the
driver of a mall wagon over a moun
tain road In Pennsylvania, entering
early Into the employ of the Carnegie
Company, rising from one degree to
another through the trust of his em
ployers and the force of Industry and
ability, to the presidency of the great
est business organization in the world.
he appeared a very pattern of the self
made and the well-made man. But sud
denly this pattern man has gone wrong,
either mentally or physically, or both.
Just what the matter Is nobody seems
able to define. As one paper puts It !
"vulgarly he Is played out; scientific
ally he has neurasthenia; popularly he
has nervous prostration; jocularly he
has Amerlcanitls. " But whatever the
matter may be, he now stands as a
painful example, of a man who, In an
eager and sordid race for wealth, has
sacrificed his health and possibly his
mind, a man who has, In fact, commit
ted suicide If not something worse for
a money prize. What the next phase of
Mr. Schwab's" career may develop of
course nobody can say. but It Is not to
be doubted that In one way or another
It will be in keeping with his character
for public "example." Possibly he will
die, illustrating the folly of going from
home when one is sick; possibly he may
regain his health and thereby demon
strate the prudence of quitting work
before it is too late. Nothing that he
can do or fail to do can relieve him of
the responsibility of standing before his
country as an ''example." j
Political defenders of the trusts are
In profound error If they Imagine that
the sane thought of the business world
la with them. Here is so conservative
and representative a commercial paper
as tho New York Journal of Commerce
offering this solution of the problem:
1. Protect competition as the most effective
preventive of monopoly.
2. Reduce the tariff to a moderate revenue
basis, especially on products dominated by
large corporations.
8. Reform state corporation laws which now
permit one state to openly defeat the laws of
another state, doing elsewhere acts unlawful
within Its own borders.
4. Reform legislation permitting monopolies
based upon patents and public franchises.
5. Secure reasonable publicity In the affairs
of large corporations.
6. Secure National laws against Actional
capitalization of corporations.
7. Establish Government supervision of real
or National monopolies.
8. Enact such laws as may be necessary to
protect small rivals from unjust competition.
0. Compel public officers to a stricter en
forcement, of Misting laws against restraint of
trade.
10. Oppofo vigorously-all legislation leaning
toward public ownership; preferring Govern
ment supervision as safer and more efficient
than socialistic control.
No organ of public opinion Is more
closely In touch with the business world
than the Journal of Commerce. It
would not talk this way about trusts If
they were commercially regarded as
"necessary evolutions," "inevitable out
growth," etc., to the extent their apolo
gists deceive themselves Into believing.
The promotion, underwriting and ma
nipulation of trusts Involve a very
small portion of the solid men of the
country.
Leading members of the Union Vet
erans' Union, which holds Its annual
encampment In Washington next Octo-,
ber simultaneously with that of the
G. A. R., have declared their Intention
of making the organization a formidable
power in politics. General Dryenforth,
the commander-in-chief of the Union,
thinks that It could control 6,000,000
votes every general election, and could
easily hold the balance of power be
tween the two great political parties.
The plan Is to adopt an amendment to
tho Union's constitution admitting to
full membership the sons and grand
sons of Civil War veterans, and admit
ting sons-in-law, younger brothers and
nephews as honorary members. Gen
eral Dryenfojrth has Issued a circular
which Is to be distributed among the
old soldiers all over the country- This
circular, among other things, says that
with "even one-half of the living vet
erans today In our ranks we could con
trol almost every election and force
every politician, from President down,
to recognize the Unlcn veteran, who
would be the subject of admiring solici
tude as long as he Uvea" General Dry
enforth Is clearly an old fool. The
Union veteran Is already a "subject of
admiring solicitude" to the amount of
about 5150,000,000 annually. It's all
right, except the assumption that the
veteran Is neglected now.
It Is pertinent to recall at this time
the utterance of the St Louis conven
tion of 1896. viz:
Wc believe the repeal of tho reciprocity ar
rangements negotiated by the last Republican
Administration was a National calamity, and
wc demand their renewal and extension on
such terms as will equalize our trade with
other countries, remove the restrictions which
now obstruct the sale of American products
In the ports of other countries, and secure en
larged markets for the products of our farms,
forests and factories. Protection and reci
procity are twin measures of Republican party
policy, and go hand In hand. Democratic rule
has recklessly struck down both, and both
must be re-established. Protection for what
wa produce, free admission for the necessa
ries of life which wo do not produce, recip
rocal agreements of mutual Interests which
gain open markets for us In return for our
open markets to others. Protection builds up
domestic Industry and trade and secures our
own market for ourselves. Reciprocity builds
up foreign trade and finds an outlet for our
surplus.
Free trade In some products and lower
duties on others through reciprocity are
expressly authorized by this declaration;
of Republican principles, of the very
highest authority, and noy six years
old. The extreme protectionists and
"insurgents" in Congress are six years
behind the times.
It does not take the counties long to
discontinue paying coyote bounties
when the money must come out of the
county treasury. So long as the state
fund or any other distant source of
financial supply holds out, the county
authorities are as eager as the scalp
hunters to get the money. But when
the expense begins to come home to
roost, the burden is at once detected and
an end is put to it v
. F. B. Thurber gets a pretty direct
answer to his plea for the truEts at St
Paul. The Trans-Mississippi Congress
Is really under obligations to him for
having afforded It the occasion of so
cogent a declaration. But . whoever
hired him for the Job Is sadly out and
Injured.
This Is the season of the year and
Portland Is a good place to begin to get
rid of the surplus dogs. And nine-tenths
of the dog's In cities are clear surplus
age. If not worse.
Mrs. Fair's heirs seem amicably dis
posed enough now, but wait till they
have learned their real sentiments from
their lawyers. '
Divlnn Commcdio.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. .
Oft have I seen, at some cathedral door,
A laborer, pausing In the dust and heat.
Lay down his burden, and with reverent feet
Enter, and cross himself, and on the floor
Kneel to repeat his paternoster o'er;
Far oft the noises of the world, retreat;
The loud vociferations of tho "street
Become an undlstlnguisbablo roar.
So. as I enter brro from day to day.
And lcav6 my burden at- this minster gate.
Kneeling In prayer, and not ashamed to pray.
The tumult of the time disconsolate
To Inarticulate murmurs dies away.
While the eternal ages watch and wait
TARIFF IX 1902 PLATFORMS.
MISSOURI REPUBLICANS.
We approve the policy of President
Roosevelt respecting our trade relations
with Cuba.
OREGON REPUBLICANS.
We reaffirm our allegiance to the princi
ples of protection in necessary cases of
industries still in their Infancy or unable
to compete with foreign products.
NEBRASKA REPUBLICANS.
. We heartily indorse the Administration
of President Theodore Roosevelt We es
pecially commend the justice and wisdom
of his reciprocity policy with Cuba, as em
bodied In his message to Congress.
IOWA REPUBLICANS.
We -favor such changes in the tariff from
time to time as become advisable through
the progress of our Industries nnd thsir
changng relation.-? to the commerce of the
world. We indorse the policy of reciproc
ity as the natural complement of protec
tion, and urge its development as neces
sary to the realization of our highest com
mercial possibilities.
OHIO REPUBLICANS.
It Is due alike to Cuba and to ourselves
that In accordance with the Republican
principle of reciprocity, proper and rea
sonable trade concessions shall be made
by our Government to Cuba. In return for
her concessions upon American products,
so as to benefit the trade of both coun
tries, and to fully and generously carry
out every obligation of our National
honor, whether expressed or implied.
KANSAS REPUBLICANS.
We indorse the recommendation of
President Roosevelt that the United
States should enter into just and liberal
reciprocal trade relations with the Re
public of Cuba, and we look to a Republi
can Congress to establish these relations
on such terms that the benefits arising
therefrom will go to the people of Cuba
and to the people of the United States,
thus reculting In mutual advantage and
good wilt
IDAHO REPUBLICANS.
Many of the Industries of this country
have outgrown their infancy, and the
American manufacturer has entered the
markets of the world and Is successfully
competing with the manufacturers of all
other countries. We therefore favor a re
vision of the tariff without unreasonable
delay, which will place upon the free list
every article and product controlled by
any monopoly, and such other articles and
products as are beyond the need of pro
tection. VERMONT REPUBLICANS.
We heartH" approve reciprocity as rec
ommended by President Roosevelt; we be
lieve that the urgent demand of the ex
pansion of our export trade, In. view of
our enormous and ever Increasing pro
ductive and industrial capacity, impera
tively requires enlarged reciprocal trade
arrangements, and that such result may
be secured without serious Impairment of
our protective system. That most saga
clous statesman. James G. Blaine, early
foresaw this, and President McKinley. In
his last public utterance at Buffalo, gave
emphatic utterance In favor of this prin
ciple. International commerce on any large
scale must be two-sided. By the condi
tions which wc Impose upon Cuban inde
pendence we make her In no small sense
our ward, and are therefore bound in hon
or to give her opportunity to develop her
natural resources by which alone can she
maintain her separate Independence.
- MINNESOTA REPUBLICANS.
We favor such modification In our tar
iff schedule as Is now or may be from
time to time required by changing con
ditions to remove any burdens from our
people, and to hold and extend our trade
among the nations.
We heartily favor the wider extension
of our markets for tho sale of American
products. To this end we Indorse the pol
icy of reciprocity as defined by President
Roosevelt In his annual message to the
5Sth Congress, and as defined by our la
mented President McKinley in his last
utterance to the American people at Buf
falo. We favor reciprocity with Cuba, urged
by President Roosevelt, by a plan which
shall Insure the profitable interchange of
commodities. Inure to the advantage of
both nations, help the Cuban people need
ing assistance, but the chief benefits of
which shall not enrich trusts, monopolies
or foreign speculators, or which shall not
Interrupt our home production.
NORTHERN PACIFIC'S PLAN.
Portland Harbor la None Too Large
as It Is.
PORTLAND. Aug. 22. (To the Editor.)
Tour timely protest of yesterday against
another bridge across the Willamette at
the head of Swan Island 1b commended.
The Northern Pacific could make no more
absurd proposition, if it absolutely de
sired to bottle up Portland In favor of
some other port I am surprised that
the commercial bodies.. Chamber of Com
merce and Board of Trade, have taken
no notice of it
The Northern Pacific can easily make
ar-rangemonts with the O. R. & N. Com
pany to come from Vancouver over tho
St Johns spur of yiat road. Supposo it
is three miles further, a sllghth incon
venience, is that of more importance
than a convenient and open harbor?
Every ship runs more or less risk in
passing through a drawbridge.
Some years since our people defeated
the building of the Alblna bridge and
gave us a free ferry Instead. It was
then determined that our harbor was
none too large and that no additional
bridges should be built below the steel
bridge. That i3 still the determination
of the citizens of Portland.
PROPERTY HOLDER,
Secretary Hay'si Big Flat.
Washington Times.
Workmen have progressed rapidly In the
demolition of the dozen houses occupying
tho site of the big apartment house to be
erected by Secretary Hay. These proper
ties were purchased at Intervals for two
years past
The structure will be one of the finest
of its kind tn the East The cost will be
more than $1,000,000 for the building alone,
which Is to be known as Stoneleigh court,
named in honor of Mrs. Hay, whose maid
en name was Stone. The building will
occupy the northwest third of the irregu
larly shaped block bounded by Connecticut
avenue, K street, L street and Seventeenth
street northwest. To .the north the build
ing will overlook the grounds of the
Academy of the Visitation.
How Humidity Affects One Profession
Chicago Tribune.
Noiselessly, but with all his might the
burglar tugged at the bureau drawer.
In vain.
It refused to open.
He tugged again.
"Give it another jerk," said a voice be
hind him.
The burglar turned.
The owner of the house was sitting up
in bed and looking at him with an expres
sion of the deepest interest on his face.
"Jerk it again. There's a lot of valu
able property In that drawer, but wc
haven't been able to open It since the
damp weather began. If you can pull It
out I'll give you a handsome royalty on
everything that's'
But the burglar had jumped out
through the wlndo.w taking a part of the
sash with him.
NORTHWARD THE STAR OF EMPIRE
Minneapolis Tribune.
The westward trend of settlement on
this continent must come, to a halt on the
Pacific Coast Beyond there are Islands
of the sea, and Asia, but those lands arc
already filled with teeming populations.
There Is yet a considerable area of open
apace to fill up In the Interior of the con
tinent. Here population will gradually
thicken but the large migration Is al- j
ready sheering off toward the north.
There are vast uninhabited tracts reach
ing to the arctic seas. Time was when
most of thi3 was regarded as too cold In
climate for the occupation of civilized
man, but opinion upon this subject has
rapidly" changed in the past few years. It
has been discovered that there are fine
wheat lands in far-off Athabasca, and the
vallev of the Saskatchewan is exploited
as a veritable garden.
When .he Canadian Pacific Railway was
undertaken there was much prophecy to
the effect that it could never be main
tained except by Government subsidy, as
the land in the far northern region
through which It must pass would not
sustain a population dense enough to
make Its business profitable. Everybody
knows how these predictions have been
falsified. Tho Canadian Pacific is already
doing a profitable business, and there Is
more traffic in sight In the not distant
future, than It will be able to handle. Al
ready there is talk of another transconti
nental line north of the Canadian Pacific.
The projected route Is from Port Simp
son, ou the Pacific, through the Pine or
Peace River district in Athabasca, thence
southward across the northeastern corner
of Saskatchewan, passing north of Lake
Winnipeg, through the district of Kecwa
tln and Northern Ontario to Mooso Fac
tory, on James Bay, through Northern
Quebec to Chlcoutimi, with extensions to
Montreal and Quebec, and branches to
Winnipeg and Toronto.
It is not to be supposed that this road
will be built without aid from the Cana
dian Government, but the enterprise and
courage that put through the Canadian
Pacific in the days of little general faith
In it, may suffice for this. To the Ameri
cans and other settlers who are rushing
Into the far Canadian Northwest, addi
tional railroad facilities will be a neces
sity to enable them to market their sur
plus crops at a profit. Tho American Im
migration is no doubt what has led to the
conception of the plan outlined above.
Thus American enterprise Is helping to
push the star of empire northward. We
may regret that it cannot find sufficient
expansion and tempting field of operation
under the Stars and Stripes; but we may
console ourselves with the thought that
the Greater Canada that Is to be built up
In the Northwest Territory will one day
be drawn all the more strongly to its
southern neighbor by this Influx of Ameri
can blood, brains and brawn.
x MARK TWAIN ABROAD.
No one, certainly no American, la better
known abroad than Mark Twain. Wher
ever one goes he is almost certain to hear
some reference to the humorist. At
Colombo I was viewing the sights from a
carriage when I was startled at hearing
a young beggar behind me call out:
"Hello, Papa! Wiiere've you been, Papa?
Mother Is hungry and wants some money.
Papa." My alarm quickly subsided, how
ever, when I realized that It was- a case
of mistaken identity, and recognized Mark
Twain's handiwork in the salutation.
As the steamer pulled out from Colombo,
one of the lady passengers, pointing to the
tall cocoanut trees along the shore, re
marked: "Now we can see how apt was
Mark Twain's description of the cocoanut
trees as 'feather dusters struck by light,
nlng.' "
In the Towers of Silence, In Bombay, I
made some remark to the old siarsee who
was doing the honors, and he turned
quickly, his face wreathed in smiles and
his fat sides (he was fat for a parsee)
shaking with mirth, exclaiming: "Have
you read what Mark Twain said about the.
Towers of Silence?"
At the great pyramid the Arabs begged
to be allowed to show me how Mark
Twain was taken by them to the top,
and (may the Lord forgive him for It!)
they did get me half way up.
And so it was everywhere. If a hotel
had a library. Mark Twain was there.
My guide to Vesuvius had taken up Mark
and the Prince of Wales. Mark came
first At Pompeii and at Rome my guides
had been Mark Twain'g guides. If it was
any one else I would say, judging., by
what I have seen of these people, that it
must have cost him an enormous sum in
tips to have his memory held in such high
esteem. However it Is, it is certain that
he has left his mark at every place one
visits, and It is Just as certain that this
was accomplished solely by the merit of
his writing. R. M. S.
Portland, Aug. 20.
PERSONS WORTH KNOWING ABOUT.
John Reardon. recently dismissed from the
position of Police Captain of New Tork by
Commissioner Partridge, has brought suit in
the Supreme Court for reinstatement. He al
leges that his trial was unfair and hla dis
missal unjust.
The library of Washington and Lee Uni
versity has recently been enriched by a number
of valuable books and documents contributed
by R. Underwood Johnson, associate editor of
the Century Magazine, who Is an alumnus of
the Institution.
, Tom Watson, the eccentric ex-Congressman,
offers 1000 for proof that he was not the fa
ther of free rural mall delivery. In virtue of
the fact, as he asserts, that he Introduced Into
Congress and got passed the first resolution ap
propriating money for that purposo May 28,
1892.
Professor Melville M. Blgelow, of the Uni
versity of Michigan, who has Just been appoint
ed dean of the Boston University Law School,
was born at Eaton Rapids. Mich.. In 1840. He
was graduated at the University of Michigan
in 1S6G, and received the degree of doctor of
philosophy In Harvard University In 1870.
The Lord Lieutenancy of Ireland, for which
the Duke of Manchester was an applicant, has
been given to another, and he Is now seeking
the appointment of Governor-General of the
Commonwealth of Australia, a post that Is
going begging because of the low salary at
tached and the enormous expense Involved In
the discharge of Its social requirements.
Ardltl. tho composer, now 80 years old. Is
! living at Brighton. England, hapgy In the lov
ing companionship of his wife, son and daugh
ter. Signor Ardltl has conducted grand opera
In all the principal cities of Europe and Amer
ica. In' London alone he assisted In the first
production of 27 different works. He has been
a lifelong friend and coworker of Verdi.
Lord Elgin, chairman of the British war in
quiry committee, was In 18IH Viceroy of India.
He did not wish the office, but was persuaded
by Lord Rosebery to accept. Though a com
paratively untried man. he had a great point
I in his favor. In tho fact that his father had
been Viceroy before him, and In the result he
thoroughly Justified the confidence of Lord
Rosebery and others.
Ex-Senator Peffer, of Kansas, has been In
the background for several years, but Is not
letting his faculties rest. In his quiet Wash
ington home he Is writing a series of reviews
of certain periods of American history, and
for some time has had In mind writing a work
dealing with the question of labor and capital.
He has 30 large scrapbeoks filled with pictorial
and other caricatures of himself and his Ideas.
Sonj? to the Evening Star.
Thomas Campbell.
Star that brlngest home the bee.
And sett'st the weary laborer free!
It any star shed peace, 'tis thou
That eend'st It from above.
Appearing when heaven's breath and brow
Are sweet as hers we love.
Come to the luxuriant skies,
Whilst the landscape's odors rise.
Whilst far-off lowing herds are heard
And songs when toll Is done.
From cottages whose smoke unstirr'd
Curls yellow In the sun.
Star of love's soft Interviews,
Parted lovers on thee muse;
Their remembrancer In heaven
Of thrilling vows thou art, .
Too delicious to be riven
By absence from the heart
i0TE" AND C0MM EN
No man's brain swells like? his head.
The tanks of oil, the tanks of oil re
member. Mr. -McCusker has not yet taken down
those circus posters.
After all. It's not so easy to be ,a.
Tracy, as Tracy himself found out
Life insurance underwriters vvho took
risks on King Edward's life are prophets
themselves.
The little busy bee improves each shin
ing hour, but he does It to keep some
body in lazy idleness.
The heavy fog off the coast of New
England makes the sham naval battle
more dangerous than a real one.
The way of the man who butts In is
hard. Look at Peter Power. He that
butts in will surely be butted Into.
The Board of Public Works is holding
secret meetings from which the public
are barred. And election was only last
June.
Breathes there a man who is not be
hind the Coos Bay railroad project, let
him hold his peace, for he will not be
believed.
This Is about the time of the annual
Astoria regatta. Is the regatta gono
glimmering with the dream of things that
were?
Professor Andrews says bachelors are
degenerates, but if he's using the argu
mentum ad hominem he might just as
well have stayed single.
After full and mature and deliberato
consideration, Alger regards himself as
the best man in Michigan for Senator.
He must have a poor opinion of the citi
zens of Michigan.
Fairbanks la "mentioned" as a candi
date for Vice-President The gentleman
discreetly refuses. It has come to to
necessary for a man who wants the office,
first to coquette with it
The Trans-Pacific Congress will meet in
Seattle in 1S03. Its members have one.
year in which to save enough money to
take them back home again afterward.
But they will have to be mighty saving.
If "Putty" Strong and May Yohe would
only" take a spin in a 75-mile an hour auto
they might get .even grander notoriety.
But America has been just too mean to
them for anything and they refuse to
give It that pleasure.
The Cubans are more, civilized than
we thought Already they are calling
President Palma and members of their
Congress bad names. Now If their Con
j gress can have a fist fight. Uncle Sam's
J "uplifting" process will be complete.
A professor 'way down in Massachu
setts condemns the war with Spain. He
is about four years behind the times and
! yet imagines be Is ahead. That is the
way with so many professors that their
number seems to be the majority of tho
outfit
Bryan ha3 not been interpreted as he
wished to be. He means that he docs
not desire to be a candidate, instead of
that he does not desire to be President
Fine-drawn distinctions have given trou
ble to many bigger , men that Bryan.
Therefore let us condole rather than won
der. Baker County has waked up to tho
folly of the scalp bounty. One of the
main arguments for the bounty was that
Eastern Oregon was not getting its share
of state favors and of this was made an
argument of necessity. If the bounty
was for a favor It has been an expensive
one. That which was meant to extermi
nate coyotes has propagated jack rab
bits. Can the Lewis and Clark Civic Im
provement Association find anything In
life that is not a nuisance? .Eating la
a nuisance, so is sleeping and earning a
living and getting married. And they
even say that after" a sojourn in Heaven
of a certain duration that place Itself
becomes a nuisance. It is plain there
fore that the association cannot do every
thing at once.
A brother of Mrs. Charles Fair says ho
will be content to receive his share of
her property without any of the Fair es
tate. But In course of time ho w:ll no
doubt change his mind. His share of his
sister's wealth looks big now because ha
never expected to get any of it But his
desires will keep pace with what comes
to him. Content is like the rainbow wan
ton children follow through the wet It
always is Just In front but never quite
In the grasp. The brother of Mrs. Fair
will discover that the appetite for riches
grows as it Is fed.
Barnum was the genius who said "the
people love to be humbugged." By this
he did not mean the people love to be
cheated or "flim-flammed." but simply
the people love to be entertained and
amused and surprised. The attendance
at the circus .this week in Portland shows
that people still "love to be humbugged."
The genius of Barnum lives after him,
but of course only in Imitation. The im
agination that can evolve a great specta
cle like a circus Iff as great In Its way as
that which can execute a grand work of
sculpture or of poetry.
1
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Barnes Your nephew, I understand, has got
through college at last? Shedd Yes; and
what zood did It do him? I don't believe ha
learned a thing the whole four years. Why,
man. I doubt If he could repeat the collego
yell. Boston Transcript.
What's the Utility? "Did you ever try to
say 'Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled
peppers'?" one of the other boys asked him.
"No," responded the little Boston boy. "Con
sider the Impossibility of gathering peppers
that are already pickled." Chicago Tribune.
Rubbing It In. Mrs. Speltz But I'll have to
hire a large hall for my musical tea. Mr.
Spelts What for? You say you've only got a
score or so of woman friends whom you caro
to Invite. Mrs. Speltz Yes: but I want tho
several score of enemies who are not Invited
to know that I had plenty of room for them.
Philadelphia Press.
Just One Question. "There Is nothing the
matter with you," persisted the Christian
Scientist, "absolutely nothing. Can I not
convince you?" "Let me ask you a ques
tion?" replied the sick man. "A thousand. It
you like." "Well, suppose a man has nothing
the matter with him. and he dies of It. what
didn't he have the matter with him?" Phila
delphia .-Press.
Marquis Salgo TeugumlchI, the distinguished
statesman, who died of cancer last Friday in
Yokohama, played such a prominent part In
liberating Japan from the rule of the Tycoon
and In j-e3torlng the Mikado, that he ha3 been
known as "the Oriental Garibaldi." He It was
who In 1862 drew up the Japanese declaration
of Independence, for doing which he was con
fined In a small cage for three year3. until ha
could neither stand nor walk. He recovered In
time to largely aid In the Tycoon's overthrow.
The Marquis was highly educated and held nu
merous government offices of high grade.