THE MOKNIjTO OKEGONIAN, MONDAY, 'AUGUST 4, 1902.
tie xzgoxtian
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-4
PORTLAND, MONDAY, AUGUST 4.
"WHERE AMBITION O'ERLliAPS IT
SELF. Over In the State of Washington there
la In progress a fierce personal contest
lor election to the United States Senate
to succeed George Turner, whose term
expires next March. The field of aspir
ants, avowed and otherwise, is a large
one and it includes pretty much every
type of man excepting that of the
trained, resourceful and qualified
statesman. In the 'group there are- law
yers, bankers, merchants, politicians,'
most of them excellent men and good
citizens, men of good abilities, but not
one man suited by acquirements and ac
complishments and the experiences of
his life to the special work of a Senator.
In the whole list of candidates there la
not a man -who has taken from his busy
professional or business life time for the
wide reading or the general association
with men, one of which or both are es
sential to the breadth of knowledge and
the breadth of sympathy which belongs
properly to Senatorial character. Elec
tion Is sought, not upon any theory of
ideal or even of reasonable individual
fltness, not upon any theory of state or.
National service, but as a personal mat
ter pure and simple, as a matter of in
terest or vanity.
The curious fact about it is that num
bers of level-headed men, men of suc
cessful experience in business, men who
instinctively and habitually despise pos
ing and quackery should be willing and
even eager to put themselves in a posi
tion for which they have no equipment
end training, and in which they can
never by any possibility play an effect
ive or dignified part. It is curious and
even amazing that a man who In his
own chosen sphere rides the top of the
wave and gives the law to all about
him as a leader In trade, in finance. In
wme branch of manufacture or in -some
special profession, should be willing to
abdicate this large position, to quit the
special thing he understands and can
do with distinction and take up a work
for which he has no preparation or
qualification and in which he must play
a subordinate and inconsequential part
Take the case of Senator Foster, for
example: It would not be easy to find
a more effective or successful man in
his own line of work, the work to -which
his mind and energies for half a life
time have been given, than Mr. Foster.
In his sphere he is a man of genuine
distinction, commanding the respect of
his associates and the public, of the
world In general, and enjoying the ad
vantages which attach to leadership and
authority. In "the Senate he is a mere
lay figure. He has no acquaintance
with the broad questions of the time
and is past the age when culture of this
kind is easily acquired or eerviceably
assimilated. He has no basis for inde
pendent judgment. Such opinions as he
has respecting larger National affairs
are got at second hand and held sub
ject to revision. Nobody asks his view;
nobody ares what It Is. His Voice is
never heard In the Senate on large 1s
eues, for he has nothing to say, nor the
art to say It If he had. His position as
a Senator, contrasted with his position
in his own world of manufacture and
commerce and it la no small world Is
trivial and pitiful. He pays an unreas
onable price for the empty "honor" of
ieing called "Senator" far more than
the bauble is worth. In any reasonable
view his position before he was a Sena
tor was much more dignified and hon
orable, more desirable in every way,
than It has been these past three or
lour years since he abandoned the char
acter of a man of affairs of the first
class.
Thero could be no greater mistake
than to suppose that there are honors In
the United States Senate for the man
who Is not qualified as a Senator. Mere
Incumbency is nothing, or something
worse than nothing if one has not the
gifts or the training which enable him
to be a force in. the business of leglsla
itlon and government. There is no real
respect either in the Senate or out of it,
tor a Senator who has no qualification
ior the work of the Senate, who can do
nothing to sustain or promote Its tradi
tions and purposes, who Is a mere pawn
In the game, whoso sole importance lies
in the fact that his name is on the vot
ing list. And the man of important
Jlace in private life makes a grievous
mistake when he imagines that In step
ping from leadership In his own sphere
Into a subordinate rank in the Senate he
3a making an ambitious advance.
t There is not one reason for the change
of headquarters of theDepartment of the
Columbia, upon which Seattle has set
&er heart, from Vancouver to Seattle. On
the other hand there are many reasons
-why the change ought not and will not
I33e made. At Vancouver, the officers
who compose the general staff are near
the largest market. In fact the only gen
eral market in the department Even if
headquarters were moved, purchases for
the greater part would have to be made
at Portland, because there are no gen
eral stocks at .Seattle and becauoa prices
of special stocks represented there are
notoriously higher than at Portland. At
Vancouver, the General commanding is
at the center of information and of the
transportation system, with every ad
vantage to be had at Seattle and more.
His officers, too, are well housed in one
of the historic and most beautiful posts
of the' country, in close proximity to
the largest city in the department and
in every way to their comfort and sat
isfaction. It is fancied at Seattle that
there is a great business advantage in
having the department headquarters,
and the whole agitation is founded upon
this fact. The agitation. It appears, be
gins and ends in Seattle.
TODAY'S RAILROAD CONFERENCE.
From any point of view the meeting
today at Davenport between Messrs.
Hill, Mellin and Mohler and the farmers
of the Big Bend Is an interesting event.
That it will develop any new fact in
respect t(L. the general transportation
situation is hardly to be expected,
though It is possible that itwill be made
the occasion of a spectacular reduction
of grain rates. A reduction' has been
half promised for a long time, and com
ing now it would do much to pull the
fangB of the pending anti-railroad move
ment in Washington. Mr. Hill -does not
need anybody to give him thiB pointer.
Managing the public so as to maintain
relations of good humor and amity Is
among his strong points, and in emer
gencies, he can usually be counted upon
to do the diplomatic thing In a popu
larly .effective way.
Without going Into the question of the
cost of transportation, which la made
up of manyfactors and cannot always
be determined with mathematical pre
cision, even by experts with the fullest
Information before them. It may never
theless be said with assurance that there
is justice In the general demand of the
Interior producers for lower rates to the
seaboard. The producers are justified
in asking for freight rates based on the
easiest and shortest transportation
route, not on the most difficult one.
Wheatgrowers east of the mountains are
now required to pay transportation
rates which yield a goodly profit by a
difficult and unnatural route, over ex
cessive mileage and on grades that are
all but prohibitive. But for this fact no
grain would be shipped from Puget
Sound. Nobody would think of lifting
freight a mile into the sky for the fun
of it. Present rates are high enough to
make that process profitable, and the
Inferior producers continually go Into
their pockets to pay for it, and inci
dentally to build up iho commerce of
Puget Sound.
The assertion of the wheatgrowers
that they can -get no better rates to
Portland has much point to it, how
ever. They ought tcf have, better rates
to Portland, rates that would not leave
a margin of profit for competitors who
are obliged to climb mountain. chains to
get to market It is well enough to say
that traffic will be hauled over the
mountains Whether there be profit in It
or not, but there Is no escape from 'the
fact that the main aim of transporta
tion agencies is profit, and "if profit be
lacking, aggressiveness In diverting
commerce from the course of least re
sistance will be robbed of its keenness
and legitimate Industry will be spared
the necessity for supporting an enor
mous parasitic growth..
TRINIDAD SPEAKS OCT.
The West Indian Island of Trinidad,
from which come asphalt, sugar and
many other good things, wants to cut
loose from the mother country and come
Into the United States, and a deputa
tion of her citizens has just had the
temerity to say so to the Colonial Office.
And Trinidad is not alone in this no
tion among the fractions of British
sovereignty which He scattered about
the Caribbean world. It is only a short
while back that the little Island of St
Kltts made the same presentation to the
Colonial Office; and a similar wish Is
manifest though not yet asserted. In the
attitude of Jamaica. In truth, some
thing like a movement has started in
the Caribbean group seeking to exchange
the ros'al ensign for the Stars and
Stripes, and since there Is nothing much
left for England in their possession be
sides sentiment it would not be surpris
ing if in time the change came to pass.
There Is a tremendous force in the
united and emphatic wish of a people;
and In the case of the British West In
dian Islands it is a force which gathers
weight through the universal feeling in
the mother country that the govern
ment is not dealing liberally or JuBtly
with the islands and that It Is not,
without a reversal of her national pol
icies, In a position-to do so.
This movement was inevitable in long
course of time, because the natural con
nection of the islands is with us. They
produce what American territory does
not and what American necessity calls
for; they need things for which we seek
a market All the conditions for an ex
tensive and mutually profitable com
merce exist, but its natural develop
ment Is hindered by the American tar
iff. This has been felt grleviousfy for
many years throughout the islands, but
It would no doubt have been suffered In
silence but for events which have given
us Porto Rico and which hold us In
close touch with Cuba. Every Incident
in the American relationship with these
islands has worked to their advantage.
In two years Porto Rico has advanced
from commercial prostration to an un
exampled prosperity; and wherever the
hand of the United States has been ap
parent in Cuban affairs, there too has
been an advance along material as well
as moral lines. These facts have pow
erfully affected the imagination of the
other West Indian Islands and have
stimulated their commercial ambition.
They see what partnership with the
United "fetates means, and they would
like to enjoy Its advantages. They have
begun an agitation which is not likely
to cease, and In the end though It may
take many years the Stars and Stripes
will float over the whole West Indian
group.
Wo are not so sure that the change,
desirable as It Is in a commercial sense,
is to be wished for In a political sense.
All of these Islands are overwhelmingly
black In the character of their popula
tion. The conditions of life are highly
favorable there for the lazy and the
Idle. Food grows spontaneously, and
little is required In the way of clothes.
England governs the Islands by ignor
ing the blacks and putting the business
of government in the hands of the Intel
ligent and responsible white minority.
Our system is of another kind, and it
might not work so well, though by the
time the Islands . come to us we may
through our other island connections
have developed a new and effective way
of dealing with inferior and dependent
faces. ..
5 ETTLE 31 E NT OF CLEARWATER
WAR.
Harmonization of great railroad Inter
ests is about to bring what competition
failed to obtain In the matter of trans
portation for the Clearwater Valley.
When the Northern Pacific went down
the perilous Potlach Canyoff and
opened a line to Lewlston four years ago
It penetrated territory that had been
served exclusively by the O. R. & N.
Co. by means of its line of steamers on
Shake River. The O. R. & N. then
started a retaliatory movement, and
several months were spent by both com
panies In some of the most impressive
surveying ever done In the Northwest
The Northern Pacific sent engineers
over the country in all directions, and
also put construction crews In the field
and actually built 75 miles of feeders in
the Clearwater Valley. The O. R. & N.
made a brave show of engaging its en
emy at close quarters. It spread a net
of projected lines over the Clearwater
country. It built the Snake River cut
off, between Rlparla and Wallula, and
had graders at work for months on the
line that It Is now determined to build.
But at the close of the campaign, which
attracted much attention In New Tork
and Loridoo because of the possibilities
of disaster through competitive compli
cations that It contained; the Clear
water Valley was still without the
transportation, accommodations It de
sired, though It did have a railroad. A
truce was patched up that has endured
to this time and prevented ruinous war
fare. Now by agreement the river road
to the Clearwater Is .to be built
The Northern Pacific is J$ use Jointly
with the O. R. & N. the new track
which the O. R. & N. will build be
tween Lewlston and Rlparla. There will
also be common use of the O. R. & N.
cut-off down the Snake River from
Rlparla to Wallula. Of course It is
physically possible for the Northern Pa
cific to turn Its trains at Wallula arid
drag them over the Cascade Range to
tidewater, as It Is now doing, but one
need not be an expert In railroad af
fairs to see that that would be the
height of unwisdom as a business pol
icy, and all the conditions protest loudly
against sa unnatural a diversion of traf
fic. It is entirely safe to say that by
tho time the river road to Lewlston
shall be ready for the operation of
trains, arrangements will have been
perfected for the joint use of the O. R.
6 N. track from Wallula to Portland,
for the free movement of commerce at
water grade between the rich Clear
water Basin and tidewater.
Harmony among the railroads gives
us the river road to Lewlston. which
could not be obtained under competitive
conditions. Now will harmony reduce
the rates that competition has thus far
failed to get down to proper figures? If
bo, the popular hostility to railroad com
bination will melt and community of
Interests and mergers will be welcomed
as the choicest industrial blessings of
the time. The Clearwater war and Its
settlement may be made an impressive
lesson in the development of railroad
methods.
The Seattle Post-Intelligencer bewails
the fact that there was a slight de
crease in American shipbuilding during
the fiscal year ending June' 30, as com
pared with the previous year. It can
see no other remedy for thi3 dreadful
state of affairs except a subsidy bill,
and points with pride to an alleged
expansion of shipping on the Great
Lakes, where It is "protected from all
foreign competition." It would be in
teresting to have an explanation from
the Seattle paper of the reason for so
many lake steamers leaving the pro
tected lakes and steaming out into the
ocean with the fleets of the world as
competitors. The Globe Navigation
Company, of Seattle, brought out a
fleet of these vessels, and one of them
Is loading in Portland today for a for
eign port, and another Is billed to fol
low her. Why will not the Globe Navi
gation Company listen to the Seattle
paper and keep Its steamers In the pro
tected zone of the lake or coastwise
trade, where they have such a percent
age In their favor? The producers of
the Pacific Coast have made no clam
orous demand that owners of lake-built
craft withdraw them from prosperous
and profitable routes and place them In
competition with the British, French,
German and Norwegian ships which
are carrying out products to the mar
kets of the world at a freight rate
which at the present time is frequently
below the actual cost of operation of
the vessels. Neither are the owners of
these vessels, which are forced to carry
freight at ruinous rates, insisting on
more ships. As a matter of fact, the
world's supply of tonnage Is ahead of
the demand at present, and whenever
business catches up with it shipbuilding
will again Increase.
The earthquake shocks in Southern
California excite unusual attention be
cause the world, since the Mount Pelee
eruption, is on the lookout for phe
nomena of this kind; As a matter of
fact, the Santa Barbara Incident Is not
worsa than what has again and again
been experienced along the California
coast south from a point about 100 miles
south from San Francisco, where quakes
are frequent and severe. Scientific men
have an elaborate explanation of it,
holding in a general way that It Is pure
ly local and that nothing disastrous in
a general way or very serious In any
way is likely to happen. Certain it is
that though these shocks have been felt
frequently and In many localities in the
South Coast mountain country, they
have never done much damage up to
this time, and that they have never at
any one time spread over Any very ex
tended area. Scientific knowledge does
not make much progress respecting
earthquakes, in spite of the fact that
they have been very diligently studied.
Nobody has ever got much further than
Humboldt, who defines an earthquake
as a wavelike motion of the earth's
crust, being "one of the ways In which
the reaction of the earth against its ex
terior makes itself manifest" This still
holds good in default of something bet
ter. It 13 announced that the Baltimore &
Ohio Railroad, hitherto of recent years
a large employer of women in its gen
eral offices, will after a date not far
ahead replace its women clerks and
stenographers with men. The explana
tion Is that modern railway manage
ment Is the outgrowth of a system' of
promotion. The stenographer or tele
graph operator of today may be the
railway superintendent or general man
ager of tomorrow. No position, in the
operating department is so trivial or
obscure that it may not lead to the desk
of the president. This merit system is
the fruit of strenuous competition In the
transportation business. The Important
managerial positions demand men who
know the railway business from the
dispatcher's office to the traffic depart
ment The employment of women a3
clerks or stenographers In the operating
department interferes with this system
of promotion. As woman is Unfitted by
nature for the higher managerial posi
tions that require the handling of men
and the operation of trains, she Is not
In the line of railway promotion. It Is
In such a position that a young man
frequently reveals marked aptitude for
adjusting the complex traffic problems
of a road or for handling large bodies
of men, and the road, through a system
of promotion, soon avails Itself of his
exceptional capacity In this line.
The people of Everett. Wash., testlfy
to their own good character and to their
respect for the citizenship of the future
when they refuse to see a dramatic
representation of outlaw Tracy's career
since his latest escape from a peniten
tiary. The less such characters as he
and Merrill are paraded before the pub
lic in tolerable guise or in any guise
the better it will be for public morality.
They are absolutely destitute of ad
mirable human attributes. There was a
measure of fitness In the manner of Mer
rill's quitting life. It is to be regretted
that Tracy has not met a similar fate,
but it cannot be doubted that he will
die by violence. Let It be bo, and let
the veil be drawn over the whole dread
mesa It Is nothing that should be
clung to as a pleasing or even Instruct
ive memory. In every sense the parad
ing of such characters on the stage Is
pernicious. Its every tendency Is to
ward demoralization. No decent com
munity will tolerate the shocking spec
tacle, and no decent house of amuse
ment will permit Its presentation. Com
munity morals are not so cheap and
trivial that they are to be jeopardized
for maudlin curiosity.
At last' Queen Maria ChrlBtina of
Spain has found time to make a visit
to the home of her childhood. It Is a
tedious task to bring Up a King and
start him out with a crown on his head,
equipped for business! Th mother of
Alphonso devoted herself to this tasS"
with great fidelity, both to the kingdom
and to her son. If, as reported, the
young King la a scapegrace, with the
promise of a short and dissolute life
already booked for him, it will not be
the fault of his mother's training, but
of a bad case of moral blood-poisoning
Inherited (to go no farther back into
his disreputable ancestry) from his dis
solute grandmother, Isabella IL and his
father, who died In his early manhood,
a victim to his excesses. Queen Chris
tina Is not the only worthy woman who
has wrought diligently for years in the
endeavor to make "a silk purse out of
a sow's ear" and .had only her trouble
for her pains.
There is talk In New York of Governor
Odell to succeed Chauncey Depew In the
Senate when the latter's term shall ex
pire. It is a court secret that Depew
has been a failure as a Senator. From
the flrat he has neglected the duties of
the post and he ceaBed long ago to be
counted upon lor anything Involving
work. He attends no committee meet
ings, or attends them bo rarely aB to be
wholly out of touch and sympathy with
the work, and declines absolutely the
department grind which all Senators
have more or less to do. Brilliant speak
er as he Is, he makes no speeches which
call for laborious preparation, though
willing enough to show himself off in
fun-making sallies when the galleries
are crowded. Of course. New York is
not satisfied with this .sort of repre
sentation, and favorite as the suave
Chauncey Is, It is believed that his Sen
atorial days are numbered.
If the plan announced by Mr. Ben
Cable, of the Democratic Congressional
committee, are carried out, the coming
Congressional campaign will be even
more wearily negative In character than
usual. He would, he declares, make the
tariff, the Philippine question and the
trusts the leading Issues, conducting the
campaign "along the lines followed by
the Democrats In Congress." This
sounds easy enough, but there will be
practical difficulty in finding anything
the Democrats "did In Congress" in re
spect of these measures besides carp
and snarl and protest. No Democrat
in either branch of Congress has
brought forward a definite policy in re
lation to the tariff, the Philippines or
the trusts, so the outlook under" Mr.
Cable's suggestion is not brilliant for a
spirited campaign from the Democratic
side.
The plainest fact in the political sit
uation In the State-of- Washington Is
that ex-Senator Wilson is trying to bind
Seattle and Spokane Into a close polit
ical alliance, with himself as the cen
tral figure in the deal. This is shrewd
politico, and for this reason, as well as
for the fact that It Is calculated to per
petuate the political career of Mr. Wil
son, It ought to fail. The election of
this utterly sordid politician to another
term In the Senate would be a shame
and discredit to the state beyond words.
It could only come about by a triumph
of the very worst arts of cheap politics,
but in these arts It must be remembered
He the whole of Mr. Wilson's efficiency.
The convention of the American Fed
eration of Catholic Societies, that will
be held In Chicago this week, will. It
Is said, be the most representative
gathering of Catholics ever held In this
country. Interest in the work of the
convention will not, except In the nar
rowest sectarian and ecclesiastical
sense, be confined to those of the Cath
olic faith. The great forces of Intelli
gence beyond this line will look on curi
ously or anxiously, for indications that
thought advances and the world moves.
This la a good year for a Republican
text-book. It Is to be observed, how
ever, that the one Just Issued does not
have space for mention of Cuban reci
procity or of tariff reform. If the states
continue the record so well begun by
Michigan and Minnesota, in refusing to
renominate for Congress men who pre
ferred to serve the trusts rather than
do Justice to Cuba, we pay expect to
see the next Republican text-book point
with pride to the party's treatment of
little Cuba.
Tho Small Brother.
"I heard him call you 'Duckle,' " an
nounced tho small brother.
"Woll. what of It?" demanded his sis
ter, defiantly.
"Oh, nothin much," answered the
small brother. "I was only thlnkln may
be It's because of the way you walk, but
it ain't very nice of him." Chicago Pcj.
OUR WAY WITH JPAN.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
"Without the firing of a shot or the
shedding of a drop of blood." writes Mr.
Bryan in his Commoner, "Japan was res
cued from her- isolation and helped on
tho road to liberty. No nation presumed
to teach the Japanese self-government
No nation assumed to control them under
tho specious plea of benefiting them.
Which is the better way, the one pursued
with Japan or the one now being pursued
in the Philippines?"
Tho United States led the way In open
ing Japan to Western, civilization. Mr.
Bryan evidently supposes that the United I
States went to Japan with a bouquet lre-4
one band and tho Beatitudes in the other.
That Mr. Bryan should so suppose typi
cally illustrates the kind of student Mr.
Bryan is.
The fact is that Commodore Matthew
C Perry obtained our first treaty with
Japan at the cannon's mouth. It is true
that he actually used no force, but ho
showed that he was prepared to use it.
and ho convinced the Japanese officials
that peaco and commerce with the United
States were more desirable than any at
tempt to keep up walls which Perry was
ready to batter down. Nor did our use of
force to open the Japanese shell end with
Perry's demonstration. Before tho Japan
ese made up their minds to treat us in a
civilized manner shots were fired and both
Japanese and American blood was shed.
The Japanese soOn repented of their
agreements with the United States and
various European powers, attempted to an
nul them, and declared their ports closed.
They went further 111 treated Americans
and fired upon an American vessel passing
through the Strait of Shimonosekl. There
upon tho United States sloop-of-war Wyo
ming, then In Japanese waters, was dis
patched to the scene. The Wyoming en
gaged and silenced the Japanese batteries,
Bank two Japanese armed vessels of Euro
pean 'build, and forced her way through
tho strait This was on July 16. 1S63. and
was one of tho most gallant feats of arms
In the history of tho American Navy.
Four Americans were killed and seven
were wounded.
Tho troubles continued, but In the sub
sequent applications of force to Japan the
United States took little actual part ow
ing to Its preoccupations at home. But
an attack on the American steamer Mon
itor, which bad put into a Japanese port
in distress, brought oh another battle at
Shimonosekl. which finally convinced
Japan of the futility of resisting WeBtern
ideas. Tho attack on the Monitor caused
the Foreign Ministers to Japan to demand
an immediate ratification of some new
treaties negotiated at Paris.
This was refused, and on September 5. 6
and 7, 1864, a squadron of British, French
and Dutch vessels again attacked the Shi
monosekl fort-flcatlons and destroyed
them. No United States war vessel was
engaged, but, to show that his country
thoroughly approved of the proceedings,
tho United States Minister chartered tho
merchant steamer Ta-kiang, that a ship
bearing the American flag might bo pres
ent during the operations. Thus the res
cue of Japan from her Isolation was begun
by tho United StateB with a demonstra
tion in force, and ended with a delivery of
cannon balls in which tho United States
participated. That was our way with
Japan.
There Is probably not now living a sin
gle Intelligent Japanese who would deny
that this was a good and necessary way,
and benefited his country. The fact is
that In dealing with barbarous or seml
clvlllzed peoples civilization finds persua
sion effective only when backed by force.
We used that method with Japan, and our
method In tho Philippines is exactly tho
same, and seeks the same results.
THE INEVITABLE IN CUBA.
Minneapolis Tribune.
Wo Bhall have no peace with Cuba
until it is a part of the American Nation,
under republican government on tho Am
erican plan, and with absolute free trade
In all products with all parts of this
country. This assurance in" every mind
gives a temporary and transitional nature
to all proposals, negotiations, discussions
and legislation. No one In this country
and probably few in Cuba take tho Cuban
Republic seriously, or believe that ar
rangements made between tho two coun
tries aa If Cuba were a foreign nation
can have any real meaning of perma
nence. That is one reason why Cuban
reciprocity did not get more considera
tion. Everything: that has been don
Blnco General Wood left Cuba, and every
thing that Is proposed In relation to
Cuba under the republic, really seems to
most of the American people theatrical.
If not hypocritical. They are willing to
play the game for a few years, since their
political advlsere think it needful; but
really you cannot expect them to put
much zest or enthusiasm into It.
Occasionally somebody in ono country
or tho other grows tired of tho humbug
and blurts out the truth; liko the boy In
the story who spoiled a miracle by refus
ing to see what all the rest of the con
gregation had been hypnotized into think
ing they saw. The resolution and Bpeech
of Senator Elklns were an outbreak of
this kind. Another has come In Cuba it
self, where tho Sugar Planters' Associa
tion has been reorganized as an annexa
tion propaganda. The property and bus
iness classes in Cuba have desired an
nexation to the United States ever since
they lost the protection of Spain; but
they have been kept quiet by promises
of commercial union. Now that these
hopes have been disappointed, they are
going to make a vigorous effort for an
nexation. Tho natural Impression prevails In Cuba
that annexation Is eagerly desired In the
United States, and that reciprocity was
refused in order to force the Cubans to
ask for it Wo know perfectly well In
this country that this is not true. An
nexation Is not desired: but It is inevi
table, and American public opinion will
accept It when it comes naturally. But
the mistaken impression In Cuba will en
courage tho annexation movement, and
crlpplo and discourage the Palma Gov
ernment in resisting It. This, In connec
tion with the serious fiscal and economical
situation, is likely to make the next year
a critical period for the Cuban Republic
Popular disorders may be prevented by
the fear that these would bring American
intervention: but thero may bo a gen
eral paralysis of government and society
from failure of revenue and administra
tive weakness, which would put a strong
weapon Into the hands of the annexation
ists. Tho development of all these per
plexities during the Summer la likely to
make tho passage of reciprocity legisla
tion easier next Winter; unless the people
of both countries should make up their
minds to tako tho annexation plunge and
have It over.
Out of the Night That Covers 3Ie.
William Ernest Henley.
Out of the night that covers me.
Black aa the pit from pole to polo,
I thank whatevtr gods may be
For my unconquerable jouL
In the fell clutch of circumstance
I have not winced nor cried alond.
Under the bludgeoning of cbanca
My head Is bloody, but unbowed.
Beyond this place of wrath and tears
Looms but the horror of the shade, v
And yet the menace of the years
Finds and shall find me unafraid.
It matters not how strait the gate
How charged with punishments tho scroll:
I am the master of my fate.
I am the captain of my soul.
The Mountaineer.
George William Russell ("a. E.")
Oh, at the eagle's height
To lie 1 tho sweet of the sun.
While veil after veil takes flight.
And God and the world are one.
Ob, the night on tho steep 1
All that bis eyes saw dim
Grows light In the dusky deep,
And God Is alone with him.
BLACKMAILING OF CORPORATIONS
New Tork Journal of Commerce.
The resolute 6tand of the United States
Steel Corporation against the attempt to
levy blackmail upon them through legal
prosecutions may tend to call a halt in
this sort of operation. It is no secret in
Wall Street circles that considerable sums
have been extorted from the organizers of
recent combinations in order to avoid
trumped-up litigation which tended to de
lay the execution of large plans and to
affect securities unfavorably In the pub
lic mind. A group of unscrupulous attor
neys have profited by the knowledge that
the promoters of these enterprises would
pay something for freedom from annoy
ance. They have accordingly demanded
money as the price of withdrawing their
cases. Without rendering any equivalent
for this money In goods or services, they
have taken the position of the highway
men that they would force men to give
up their property, because if they re
fused they had the power to do them in
Jury. The public has become accustomed
to political blackmail through the Intro
duction of what are technically called
"strike" measures In legislative bodies,
and have learned to appraise them at
their true value. It is only recently, how
ever, that the trade of Judicial blackmail
has attained considerable Importance.
The evil is a difficult one to deal with
by law, because any restrictions upon the
rights of shareholders to secure Injunc
tions or to take other steps to "protect
their rights might deprive them of pro
tection by the courts, to which they are
legitimately entitled. It Is much to be
desired, however, that the courts should
undertake to distinguish between the
voluntary action of shareholders and ac
tion stimulated from without and often
paid for In money or privileges In order
to levy blackmail upon a corporation.
Solicitation of practice of this sort by
attorneys falls cleariy within the com
mon law of champerty, for which pen
alties are provided by the statutes of the
State of New Tork and of all other states
where the common law Is the basis of the
civil and criminal code. The difficulty in
enforcing these statutes Is probably
found In exact knowledge of the facts
on the part of the courts, but the time
has apparently come when some examina
tion should be made to ascertain them,
and the courts should not give too warm
a reception to legal steps taken by ono
or two Isolated shareholders or their rep
resentatives In face of the apparent con
tentment of the overwhelming majority.
It Is obvious that to the Individual with
a legitimate cause of action the courts
must always be open for presenting his
case and having it fairly heard: but the
courts should distinguish between such
cases and those of obvious blackmail and
champerty, which they could afford to
dismiss with the same contempt with
which they dismiss other complaints
trivial or plainly made in bad faith. The
method of the French law, of throwing
tho costs of such cases upon the com
plaining party, would probably not bo
without a restraining and wholesome ef
fect
The cases of blackmail which have at
traded attention In this city have been, so
obvious that only with difficulty has a
stockholder been found In several cases
to act as a stoolplgeon in tho conspiracy.
this fact of Itself that the overwhelm
lng majority of shareholders have been In
favor of the plans proposed should ap
parently afford a partial hint to the
courts of the real situation. Sharehold
ers are pretty apt to know their rights
and to protect them. Nothing stimulates
a man to a keener knowledge of the ac
tual condition of an enterprise than to
bo a partner in it Government commis
sions, attorneys and economic students
may discover influences underlying finan
cial operations which escape classifica
tlon by tho ordinary Investor, but upon
any practical question of the value of his
property the owner of It is apt to pro
ceed with a sound Instinct and to take
tho Initiative, without outside suggestion,
In protecting his rights.
Tho public Is Interested as well as the
shareholders of a particular corporation
that a practice which la Immoral in itself
should not be encouraged. Every succes
sive levy of blackmail upon tho earnings
of a corporation diminishes Its capacity
for rendering service to tho public and
Increases the temptation to maintain ex
cessive prices and to water stock in or
der to cover the illegitimate exnenses
of meeting such demands. Tho whole
body of the bar Is interested nlso in pre
venting the degradation of Its reputation
by permitting any of Its members to en
gage witnout losing their professional
standing in this sort of theft. Toung
practitioners especially should bo guard
ed against tho temptation of believing
that large pecuniary rewards come with
out dishonor to men who take advantage
of the timidity or necessities of tho own
ers of property to bully them Into giving
up a part of It Men who are engaged
In this practice In this city Include sbme
who are seeking a certain public and so
cial position, and who would not fall to
feel the personal humiliation of expul
sion from the legal fraternity. If the ac
tion of the Steel Corporation serves to
clear the air In this matter, and to pillory
those who are seeking to become rich
by tho methods of the highwayman, It
will render a valuable service to, 'the
cause of public morality.
Cheering: Him Up.
Patience He says he feels down In the
mouth.
Patrice Tell him to cease chewing his
apology for a mustache, then. Tonkers
Statesman.
PERSONAL NOTES.
According to present arrangements, tho
Prince and Prlnccsu of Wales will leave for
their Indian tour towards the end of thla year.
The Duke of Norfolk has presented to the
Westminster City Council a common seal, con
sisting of the city amis, crest and motto. The
gift la in commemoration of his year of office
as first Mayor of the newly-constituted city.
United States Marshal Crum, of Topeka
Kan., who died recently, waa one of the pio
neers of Kansas. He had been actlvo In the
politics of the state for many years. His am
bition for a long time waa to bo United States
Marshal for Kansas. Twice he missed appoint
ment by narrow margins, and he died a few
months after finally reaching the goal.
A bequest of almost W.000 is made to tho
town of Peabody, Mass.. by the will of Mrs
Charles B. Hayden. The testator's ntlra prop
erty, with the exception of flOOO. Is given to
the town for the establishment of a home for
aged men, to bo known as the Charles B. Hay
den Home. Tho will provides that. If the town
will not accept the bequest, the money shall
be given to East Montpeller, vt., for a free
public library.
The Hon. Sir Arthur lAWloy. who la giving
up his post as Governor of Western Australia
to becoroo. Lieutenant-Governor of the Trans
vaal, Is the fourth son of the second Baron
Wcnlock. and brother of the present peer. He
was formerly a Captain In the Tenth Hussars,
and has already seen service In Africa, since
he was secretary to Earl Grey, tho Adminis
trator of Matabeleland and Mashonaland, In
1S00. and afterwards became Deputy Adminis
trator. Before that he waa private secretary
to the Duke of Westminster. He married a
daughter of Sir Edward Cunard, Bart.
George Carroll Curtis, a Boston scientist,
who has Just returned after extended observa
tions m tho volcanic regions of the West In
dies, visited Venice some years ago. and is
well acquainted with the geologic formation
and history of that region. He suggests that
the shifting of the sands upon which Venetian
buildings rest may have caused the recent
fall of the campanile. He says: "The City
of Venice Is built In a great lagoon, and what
land there Is for the erection of buildings la
sand bars. These are soaked with water at
high tide, and laid bare at low tide. When
uncovered, they dry, and the sand ahlfta like
that In any sand bar. The shifting of the top
caused changea in tho lower part. It would
not be at nil strange If this shifting process
had attacked the land under the campanile
and displaced some of the piles. A slight dis
placement of the foundation would cause the
structure to crack. In my opinion a gradual
lowering of the whole country would not over
throw any building. Everything would be low
ered imperceptibly and equally, and thero
would ba no Jar to overthrow a buildlny."
Tracy: Thou art gone, but not for
gotten. The heaven-born ratio of 16 to 1 seems
to' have mortal parentage
Bryan cries for harmony, but never
thinks of discord In his own music.
Morgan has bought a house in London,
but where's the talk about a house
trust?
President Roosevelt Is enjoying a rest
ful vacation, and It doesn't make him
tired one bit.
The Elks will have a baby day at their
Carnival, but they do not mean thereby
to encourage the baby act.
This is Monday morning, but by tho
end of the Week you'll feel again like
spending another Sunday at the beach.
If Democracy Is without a man and
without an issue, either times have
changed or Lincoln, Xeb., Is off the map.
Hobson Is going to get married. If
there are any girls left In the country
who haven't kissed him. they'll have to
hurry.
General Jacob Smith refuses to talk.
His subjugation of Samar entitles him
to honor, but how about subjugation of
himself?
Bryan's only ambition Is to continue to
be a private citizen. We trust his fail
ure heretofore to achieve his ambition
will not keep on.
People who are impatient about th
fair site should curb themselves. Tha
Lewis and Clark board has favored only
two of the proposed sites thus far.
The Carnival Queen contest makes all
of us other girls wonder ''How we should
look as Queen, although we don't desire
to be Queen no, not at all.
Of course wo should have taken no
Interest In the championship prizefight
but for the "fake." All good citizens
must examine whatever appears to be a
fake.
A California woman wants $50,000 for
breach of promise. If It was worth all
that money to steer clear of her, tha
man must have known what ho wa3
about.
Trinidad wishes to be admitted to the
United States, but can't Cuba can. but
won't But perhaps If Cuba couldn't
It would, and If Trinidad could It
wouldn't
General Bragg wroto to bis wife pri
vately what he thought about the Cubans
and now is in trouble. Next time he will
be more guarded In all the expressions
he expects to reach the public.
London automoblllsts complain bitterly
because they cannot run SO miles an hour
in that city. As long as they are able
and willing to pay for the peoplo they
kill, why should tho antiquated law re
strict their speed?
If this country of Lewis and Clark
were not so largo It might not have so
many sites for a fair. If it were not
so small it might not have so few. What's
tho matter with the country? Is it too
large or too small?
It was "all right" before we knew tho
milk and meat were Impure. Many of ua
even waxed fat What a pity we dis
covered tho truth! The truth is even
worso than the milk and meat, for, while
It Is nauseating, they were not
Although General Smith killed and
burned In Samar, he pacified the Island,
and wo should not forget this. If we had
had moro such officers in tho Philippines
the war would have ended long ago, and
fewer American soldiers would have lost
their lives.
If we had as many live citizens as cit
izens who would bo up-to-date, perhaps
a few of the needs of Portland would bo
nearer realisation. It often turns out
that the man who talks biggest about
what ought to bo done does littlest Tho
only reason why actions don't speak
louder than words in many cases is that
some good citizens don't do anything
that will talk. Instead, they grieve over
Portland's slowness, Its conservatism, lt3
mossbacklsm, etc Life Is Just what wo
make it and so Is Portland: but thesa
persons are not among those men who
have made Portland. This city was mado
by courage, devotion and public spirit
All these are here yet
It looks as If Mrs. Waggoner might get
that reward for chancing to find the body
of Outlaw Merrill. But why? Does she
deserve It? She was not in the chase
after tho bandit; she was not even in
search of his body when she camo upon
It She was only hunting for blackber
ries. Neither the purpose nor the Intent
of the reward would be served by giving
her the money. The State of Oregon
didn't want the body; It wanted tho
bandit. To be sure, the state wanted
Merrill, dead or alive, but the reward
was Intended to bo an Incentive to havo
him put out of the way and thereby to
insure tho public safety. Mrs. Waggoner
was not bent on Insuring the public
safety; sho was bent on providing her
larder with a blackberry pie. If the re
ward Is for hunting for blackberries, then
pay Mrs. Waggoner. If tho reward is
for hunting for the bandit, then pay the
men who Jeopardized their lives In tho
quest. If the reward goea to Mrs. Wag
goner, what does It profit a man to
hazard himself when the fruits go to a
person who hazards nothing?
PLEASAXTRIES OK PARAGRAFHERS
One of the worst things that can be said
about woman is that she la almost aa un
reasonable as a man. Baltimore Newa.
It seems to be In the nature of things that
some should be hewers of wood and soma
should be drawers,'of dividends. Puck.
Freddie What did mamma epank you for
Just now? Reginald She spanked me for
nothin. Did you think I pay her for doln
that? Chicago Dally News.
"What can I do for my little boy." asked
mamma, "so that he won't want to eat be
tween meals?" "Have the meals ticker to
gether," replied the young hopeful. Tlt-Blts.
At Newport. She You must not kiss ma
until we are formally engaged. He Do you
mean to say that you always Insist upon that
rule? She I've always tried to. Judge.
Wise Forethought. "How'd your melon crop
come out?" "Mado the railroad rich!" "Pretty
hard on you. wasn't it?" "No: I took stock la
the road before I shipped my melons." Atlanta
Constitution.
After the Prizefight. "Is thero anything la
the paper, dear?" asked Mrs. Belleneld. "Yes,
love." replied Mr. Bellefleld. "Scraps of newa
and news of scraps." Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph.
The Kind They Used. Mrs. McCall Those
neighbors of youra are quite lively. I never
met any people who Indulged so much In repar
tee. Mrs. Malaprop Tou on't say? Why, I
borrowed some from them the other day, and
it tasted- to mo like Oolong." Philadelphia,
Press.
NOTE AND COMMENT.