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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 19, 1902)
B TBE MORNING OREGONIAN, SATUEDAY, JULY 19, 1902. j te r0xxuton Xntered at the Postofflce at Portland. Oregon, as eecond-clasa matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mail (postage prepaid. In Advance)' Dally, with Sunday, per month 85 Sally, Sunday excepted, per year T DO Dally, with Sunday, per year 8 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 per : kly. The "We i. 4AI 2"he Weekly. 3 months M To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered, Sunday exeepted.l5e Jly, per week, delivered. Sundays lncluded.20o POSTAGE RATES. United States, Canada and Mexico: JO to 14-page paper ....lo 1 to 28-page paper -. 2o Foreign rates double. News or discussion Intended for publication In The Oregonlan should be addressed invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name of any individual. Letters relating to adver tising, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." Eastern Business Office. 43, 44. 45. 47. 48. 40 Tribune building. New York City: 610-11-12 Tribune building. Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth Special Agency. Eastern representative. Per tale In San Francisco by L. E. Lee. Pal xce Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros.. 238 Butter street: F. W. Pitts. 1003 Market street; J. K. Cooper Co. 74Q Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry news stand; Frank Scott. 80 Ellis street, and N. Wheatley. S13 Mission street. - For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. 39 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. SOS Co. rpriiig street. For sale in Sacramento by Sacramento News Co.. 420 K street. Sacramento. CaL For sale in Vallejo, CaL, by K. "Watts, 405 Georgia street. For sale in Chicago by the P. O. News Co 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald. 63 "Washington street. For cale in Omaha by Barkalow Bros.. 1012 Farnam street; Megeath Stationery Co., 1303 Farnam street. For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. . W. Second South street. For sale In Minneapolis by R. G. Hearsey & Co . 24 Third Ftreet South. For sale in "Washington. D. C. by the Ebbett Bouse newo stand. For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton &' Kendrlck, 000-912 Seventeenth street; Louthan Jackson Book & Stationery Co.. 15th and Lawrence street; A. Series, Sixteenth and Cur tis streets. TODAY'S WEATHER Increasing cleudlness; cooler; northerly winds, becoming variable. YESTERDAY'S "WEATHER Maximum tem perature. 08; minimum temperature, 61; pre cipitation, none. .. PORTLAND, SATURDAY, JULY 10. IX SERIOUS CASE. The coalmlners' strike, now in. Its third month, has assumed proportions that threaten the suspension of many co-ordinate lines of Industry. It has already brought the sharp pinch of pov erty Into the poor homes of thousands of Idle miners, Idle through compul sion. To relieve this- stress and enable the Mineworkers' Union to bring the strike eventually to a successful termi nation it will be necessary to levy as , sessments upon all members of unions. This will divide the pressure upon labor, but the burden will still be grievous. To forestall thjs necessity or relieve this strain, the American people are to be asked to bring such pressure to bear as will compel operators to submit the difference between themselves and their employes to arbitration. To focalize and bring the pressure of public opinion to bear In the manner de sired will be a difficult matter. Gener ally speaking, as long as the public Is not too greatly Inconvenienced by a strike It sympathizes with the strikers. But to concentrate this sympathy and utilize it in behalf of the right is not easy. Against it at the outset is the well-known fact expressed in the famil iar declaration that what is every body's business is nobody's business. The very Idea of compulsory arbitra tion Is distasteful to Americans. Com pulsion, Indeed, represents an idea or a force that all despise most cordially without attempting to analyze the feel ing. It arouses at once the revolution ary spirit and begets exaggerated ideas ofjndividual rights In, business. Labor, the weaker element in Industrial wars, because the element that must be fed and housed while Its opposing force is not vulnerable at these vital points, dis closes its dire stress by demanding com pulsory arbitration, encourages stub born capital to hold out in Che hope of ultimate, if not speedy, victory. President Mitchell is opposed to a further extension of the coal miners' strike, and recognizes the necessity of bringing about a settlement of the struggle at an early day. Whether his plans, including compulsory arbitration looking to this result, can be carried out is in the nature of things doubtful. The element of philanthropy, not prominent in the -management of business under the most placid conditions, is practical ly eliminated therefrom by the open contention of labor for Its rights. To this stage, it may be feared, the coal operators came some time ago, and it can hardly be doubted that they find satisfaction in the plans of President Mitchell, which Include an appropria tion of $60,000 from the treasury of the Mineworkers' Association for the relief of the anthracite miners, and an assess ment of ?1 a week upox each member of all affiliating unions for the same purpose, as showlng'the stress to which striking miners are reduced. Compul sory arbitration is manifestly the only hope of the strlkera Relief through as sessments cannot be continued for any length of time, and it now looks as If stubbornness and greed would again score over justice and humanity, upon which. It is generally believed, this des perate stand of labor was taken. CORN, AND THE CORX-FED. Of course', it was no business of ours when Great Britain decided, in stress of the Boer War, to put a tax on grain. But when, in the course of a controv-ersj-- raised upon the matter of taxing corn in Ireland, Sir Michael Hicks- Beach insisted that corn, which the English persist in calling "maize," be longed to the horse-feed class, serious exception might justly be taken to his remarks by Americans, who claim King Corn as a native product Hundreds of Americans with bulging foreheads and other indications of Intellectual prowess are In evidence in the matter of corn as a food fit for man. The food merit of the mighty grain cannot be depreci ated with impunity. And to have this slur put upon it by u Briton who ought to know better, after all the trouble that our National Department of Agri culture has taken in years past to dis seminate knowledge In regard to the toothsomeness of corn bread, porridge, pudding and mush is little short of ex asperating. It Is true that corn may be used for horse feed, and that millions of hogs are fattened upon it every year; but to put too strong an emphasis on these facts and to attemptto confine corn to these uses is more than likely to arouse the wrath of the corn-fed, who consider themselves the well fed in this country Americans, upon occasion, have de veloped, among other traits, fighting qualities that have made the Nation re spected, feared and honored abroad. They are fond of believing that the dif ference between them and the people of .other countries Ib distinctive and cred- J itable to themeslves. And when It Is remembered that a man is made by what he eats, thousands of Americans may be expected to rise to defend corn as a food product from the broad" self complacent British sneer that places it in the category of horse feel. Review ing the history of the country, we find that johnny-cake, mush, pone, hominy and Indian pudding have had a part in producing a race that boasts Abraham Lincoln as a specimen, and which sends men abroad to wrest foreign markets from the enfeebled grasp of the beef caters, the oatmeal and the barley-fed; to buy up their steamship lines and teach them tricks In locomotive-building. The nations, our own among them, sneer at the weaklings of the Orient as "rice-fed," and find in the effete Chinese Justification for the sneer. But life question of corn as a food product is supported by testimony of the other sort. It should riot be met by levity or disdain, but may well be studied in the light of cause and effect by the states men of the Old World. THE GOVERNORSHIP ItEDlVTVJJS. In their curious mixture of veneration for and protest against English forms', the colonists left us the roya Gov ernor in a form but slightly modified. When they had put such limitations upon his powers as naturally suggested themselves from tribulations of the old regime, they concluded that If the Gov ernor were only elected by the people Instead of appointed from afar, he would be satisfactory. This general result was not reached, however, with out an inheritance from colonial times and In many places a rebound to legis lative ascendancy that had to be cor rected. Confrof of the Governor in all matters of taxation, for example, was part of the governmental equipment se cured In England through the long and bloody struggle of our raoe and brought over In the germ by the colonists. The royal Governor had been disciplined many a time by the local assemblies through refusal to appropriate his sal ary. - Some of the young states went to great lengths in curbing the power of the Governor despite his election by and responsibility to the people. In Virginia, for example, which Is typical of others, a multitude of curbs were devised for the executive which time has eliminated. The veto power was taken from him, and a council of state was created to control him. This coun cil jnust approve calls for special ses sions of the Legislature to make them effective, and authorize pardons and agree to call out the militia. But as time has gone on, this hate and dis trust of the Governor passed away, and in Virginia, as In other states the ex ecutive has the liberal powers with which present-day practice Is familiar. The Governor's office Is called Into prominence by the present triumph of Governor Lafollette, of Wisconsin, over a formidable array of opponents, and by the recent activity of certain Western executives In the matter of the Northern Securities merger. Al though the United States Senate Is con sidered the chief prize of politics, chiefly J owing to its control over Eederal ap pointments, it is evident that the Gover norship, as our states acquire local wealth and Importance, Is drawing to Itself men of considerable force and re sources. Some of these men are con siderable figures, and of picturesque characters. DeForest Richards, Just renominated in Wyoming, is a man of high New England culture, of great force of character and of wealth In di verse industries. Van Sant and John LInd. of Minnesota, have acquired Na tional fame for their vigor and ca pacity. The sensation of the hour In the State of Washington Is the arrival at the Spokane County Convention of the present Governor, McBrlde, and an ex-Governor, McGraw, carrying the war for their railroad commission to the very citadel of their enemy, John L. Wilson. This notable revival of the Governor ship, reminding us of the Civil War period, discovers a class of public men distinguished from the artful type of Senator by their prowess in action. Their closer relations with the people they serve develop in them a rugged vigor and outspoken activity that com pel admiration as surely as they Invite opposition. Every last man of them, from Lafollette to McBrlde, is a fighter. The necessity for open meth ods operates to force them to take the people into their confidence. The bat tle of Lafollette for primary reform is like Tan Sant's fight on the merger and McBride's hot campaign for a rail road commission. Something of this vigor and openness is doubtless due to the fact that the Governor Is r.elied upon to accomplish things in the way of local legislation, but there is a hint that election of Senators by the peo ple might promote those qualities In that office also, at the expense of the wiles and worse with which members of Legislatures expect to be piled. In these strenudus times the man who can get away with the nomination for Gov ernor Is not likely to be a mere figure head in the office. The Oregon plan of handing the office to him on a" platter and Imploring him to take it is not general. General Samuel S. Sumner, United States Army, "who now commands the American troops In Mindanao Island, Is well known In Portland, having been stationed for some time at Vancouver Barracks, when General John Gibbon, United States Army, commanded the Department of the Columbia. General Sumner was then Major Sumner, of the Eighth United States Cavalry. General Sumner Is a son of the gallant Major General E. V. Sumner, who was the first commander of the famous Second Corps of the Army of the Potomac, and It was as a young Lieutenant, serving on his father's staff at Fair Oaks, An tletam and Fredericksburg, that Gen eral Samuel S. Sumner had his first ex perience of deadly battle. General Sum ner has been In the regular Army since June 11, 1S6L and will reach the age of retirement in February, 1906. The negotiations at Rome for the re moval of the friars from the -Philippines and the sale of their lands seem to have failed of success. Under Span ish rule there were 1200 friars belonging to the four orders In the islands. Only about 400 are now left. The rest fell in the Insurrection, for they were hated by the Insurgents, or have returned to Spain. These orders still own 400,000 acres In Luzon, and much city prop erty, which includes many buildings used for schools and semi-public pur poses, such as .the Medical School at Manila, the university and Its observa tory, hospitals, school buildings and churches. Some are under litigation as in fact public property, some are In pub lic use, and a few are still In possession of the orders. The plantation lands owned by the friars are among the best on the islanda The rent charged for them is held to be exorbitant by the peasants, and peace 1b not possible until these lands are- bought by the Govern ment and sold to settlers. The friars, under the Spanish rule. In the rural dis tricts, collected the local taxes, and were the representatives of Spanish civil authority. Local government can not be free from serious disturbances and land riots until the friars sell their property and get out. Rome Catholic officers in the American Army bear tes timony that the vast majority of the Roman Catholic Filipinos are hostile to the friars and desire their departure. SYMPATHY FOR TRACY. The skill which Tracy shows In elud ing his pursuers and, the fact that his account of his murder of Merrill Is measurably confirmed by discovery of the body, have been signalized by the expression of considerable sympathy with him, and utterances of admira tion for his qualities are heard on every hand. It Is true that the ingenuity, bravery and decisive action in the pres ence of mortal danger which have been displayed by the fugitive convict are such as to elicit wonder and prove to the best balanced mind that these qual ities might have produced grand results If enlisted In a good cause; but consid erations of this kind should not be per mitted to outweigh recollection of his deeds. There 'should be no sympathy for Tracy In any well-balanced mind. Admiration for his hardihood and cun ning should give way to execration of his crimes. There was no sympathy for Tracy at Salem Thursday when the body of Merrill was delivered at the Peniten tiary. The dispatches say that the only solemnity there was caused by the rec ollection of the sorrow that had been brought to three Salem homes by Merrill and his fellow-conspirator in murder. The thought of Frank Ferrell, good-hearted, cheerful and generous, shot down with out warning, and of his wife, whose life' of happiness In the companionship of her husband had been so mercilessly made desolate, renewed in the breasts of the prison employes their revulsion against the men who were willing to commit any number of murders In order to secure their own liberty. The widow and eight children of Guard S. R. T. Jones are now without means of sup port, and Mrs. B. T. Tiffany is left In her grief with only a small amount of money saved by her husband. The re membrance of the happy homes broken and the honest. Industrious men slain, dispelled every feeling of sympathy for Merrill in his death by treachery, and .there was more of rejoicing than sorrow when his remains were brought back to the prison to be burled. The old reflection that sympathy for criminals should be diverted to the fam ilies of their victims was never more pertinent than in this case. The wives of the murdered guards came of good families and were well known at Salem. The men were of good character, indus trious, never harmed any one, kind hearted and generous with their ac quaintances, and happy in their family relations. Mrs. Jones Is left with eight children, nearly all of whom were de pendent on their father, and the farm is mortgaged. Mrs. Ferrell has been 111 ever since the murder of her husband, and at times her recovery has been de spaired of. Over at Seattle there Is a similar state of sadness. Three men there were killed by Tracy in the dis charge of their duty. One of them left a large family without means, whose sole support he was, and for whom aid of a public character has been pro posed. All of these murdered men and bereaved families owe their tragic fate to the human hyena whose cruelty spared them not though they had never harmed him In any way. He even turned basely on the companion of his wanderings and shot him In the back, proving that for him at least there Is no truth In the old belief In honor among thieves. , , There is not a more execrable wretch on earth than this miscreant Tracy, who has outraged every honorable sen timent of the heart" and declared him self outside the pale of natural moral ity. There is an unwritten code In every human breast that teaches us not to take up arms against the innocent; not to betray a companion in danger; not to bring needless suffering upon those who have never harmed us. There is in every rightly constituted mind a desire to stand well with one's fellowB and do in the main the square thing. In making war upon the inno cent and setting himself outside the circle of our common morality, , Tracy has forfeited the last particle of respect or condonation from the healthy mind. He is the mortal enemy of the entire human race. The world will be better and the Pacific Coast more honorable the sooner he Is killed like the wild beast he is. SAVING COMMOX SENSE. The cardinal virtue of Henry Watter eon in the Louisville Courier-Journal Is not his eloquence, which is remarkable, not his wit, which is brilliant, not his logic, which is trenchant, not his political and historical erudition, which Is both large and versatile. His supreme excel lence, which makes him of exceptional value to the South, is his saving common sense, his moral courage and frankness. This quality was exhibited more than ten years ago, when Watterson treated with deserved contempt the "cavalier" and "roundhead" theory of Southern and Northern civilization. He showed that there was no historical basis for assertion that the South had any more "cavalier" blood than the North; he proved that there was as much Puritan and Scotch Covenanter blood In the South as In the North; he showed that Scotch Presbyterian (or Scotch-Irish) stock was the strongest strain of blood In both North and South. He proved that none of our leading men at the out break of the Revolution were of "cava lier" stock; they were of English yeo man ancestry, Welsh, or Scotch-Irish. The original settlers of Virginia were unquestionably many of them a bad lot, so some of them may have been the Lbarikrupt, worthless "black sheep" of good families, out the places of these adventurers were soon taken by excel lent Immigrants of English yeoman stock. If any of the great "Virginia families were of "cavalier" stock, the Lees were, and yet Richard Henry Lee was as big a radical to the day of his death as Sam Adams, of Massachusetts, whose peculiar political views he up held to the day of his death. There was surely no taint of "cavalier" lin eage about Jefferson, who was'the most Influential and ardent leveler of his day. Washington, who came of Eng lish yeoman stock, was superficially a man of far more aristocratic reserve and dignity than any so-called "cavalier" of his time. Watterson showed that the overflow of settlers from Pennsylvania colonized Kentucky and West Virginia, while the overflow from the Carollnas and Georgia colonized Tennessee, Ala bama and Mississippi. Outside of Lou isiana, the supreme strain of blood was the same North and South; the differ ences between the two civilizations was simply that which was consequent upon the antagonistic environment. 'Slave labor and Tts environment pro duced the social difference in theclvll Izatlon of the sections. The truth Is that the lower South from 1820 to I860 was considerably moulded by settlers from the Northern States. Everybody knows that It was a Connecticut Yan kee schoolmaster who, sojourning In Georgia, Invented the cotton g!n, that made slave labor through cotton plant ing profitable, but everybody does not know that the growth of the cotton In dustry from 1E20 to 1840 led multitudes of Intelligent, progressive young men from the New England and old Middle States to settle in towns of the lower South, where their sons became lead ing manufacturers and merchants. Some of them became planters, and at the breaking out of the Civil War their descendants were among the largest slaveowners. Most of the professional men of that section were the descend ants of settlers from the North. The leading clergymen of the Southern Church before the war were of Noith ern parentage. Senator Hammond, of South Carolina, was a Northern school teacher before he became one of the largest planters of his adopted state; Senator Robert J. Walker, of Missis sippi. m was Pennsylvania born and bred; "Senator Sargent S. Prentiss, of Mississippi, was a native of Maine; Senator John Slldell, of Louisiana, was born and bred In New York, and Albert Pike, of Arkansas, was a native of Massachusetts. All of these men had become entirely and intensely Southern In their sympa thies. So true was this of th inrw number of New England born and bred college graduates who settled In the South as late as 1849-59 that not one abandoned the South at the outbreak of the war; all stood' by It enthusiastic ally to the last. These fact3 illustrate the truth of Mr. Watterson's view that the environment, the atmosphere of the South, moulded men of all bipods and breeding to Its drift and destiny. Does anybody suppose that Benjamin Frank lin, had he never left Boston, would have been quite the same sqrt of a political thinker and practical states man that he became in Philadelphia? Even Franklin would not have escaped a taint of Puritanism. Replying to a stupid statement of the Atlanta Consti tution that there "has been from the settlement of the colonies a cult of civ ilization on these shores knowable only as 'Southernlsm,' that learned its les sons of history under genealogical trees whose branches overspread the known world from the . Euphrates to the Thames, and thence to Jamestown and Savannah," Mr. Watterson says: "SIIll bub! The Southernlsm' that Is here boasted never did exist, except in taw dry rhetoric or idle vainglory." Eleventh-hour mention of Ross Island brings to mind -the. admirable adapta bility of that lovely spot for a park. This should be "its ultimate destiny. It Is, what few if any other of our so called parks can claim to .be, a true park In the Eastern sense. Its contour and surroundings fit it for what the crowded great city most needs a re treat. City Park is undoubtedly an eminence, but an eminence is not neces sarily a retreat Qn Ross Island, re mote alike from West Side crush and East Side mills, the hills and inlets, shores and groves, beaches and elndPi and vines would lend themselves readily to such treatment as makes Philadelphia beloved for Falrmount. New York for Central Park, Baltimore for Druid 111 and St. Louis for Lake Forest. There some day a great central park should be provided. Half the town 13 hills. The solace of thick woods and quiet waters will be the crying, need when Portland numbers 500.000 souls. The body of David Merrill was burled in the prison graveyard without prayers, tears or regrets. A loath some thing, scarcely recognizable as the medium through which many dark and bloody crimes were committed, the only thought after iden tification was complete was to get the body out of sight under full four feet of earth. The events of the past month Indicate that Merrill was the tool, as later he was the victim, of Tracy, and this permits a margin of pity for him, which, however, does not extend to re gret for his death or the manner of It. Having lived In defiance of law, he died as the fool dieth, and was burled as the carcass of a brute Is buried, "to save the world a nuisance." If the factional quarrel In the ranks of the Wisconsin Republicans results In a failure to re-elect United States Sen ator John C. Spooner, it will not be the first time In the history of the party that a very able and brilliant states man has been thus lost to the service of the Nation. United States Senator Matt H. Carpenter was once defeated for re-election by party feuds; so was Roscoe Conkllng, and so was John A. Logan, The backset the City Park received as a candidate for the fair site Is due to the announcement of the decision simultaneously with leaving the mattef open. -The flood of objections with which It was assailed would easily have been equaled In antagonism to any other site, chosen but not chosen. It Is obvious that protests In such case can not be suppressed or withheld as they can when the decision Is final. The Smith verdict and reprimand not onlyshow the mischief of Intemperate speech, but hey also show how high Is the ideal entertained of the Army by the President. America expects her every officer to be a gentleman. The corn deal Is off, and the Gates crowd will have to shell out. The cheer fulness and hilarity of the old-fashioned cjorn-shelllng bee will not characterize this festival. Eager for a Whack at It. Buffalo Express. It Is said that Representative Llttlefleld has had his anti-trust bill ready for intro duction since last May. It would have teen wiser to have Introduced it at once. The longer it is before the country for public discussion the better will be the prospect of passing It. JAPAN A SRR0NG NATION. London Chronicle. In view of the agreement enlered Into J between Great Britain and Japan, the fighting strength" of our Oriental ally becoracs a factor of considerable import ance. A new naval programme will prob ably be announced some time this year, but at present the Japanese Navy con sists' of eight battle-ships, .seven armored cruisers, three second-class cruisers, two third-class cruisers, three torpedo gun boats, about 100 torpedo craft, and one torpedo depot ship. Th!s list, according to the latest returns, does not include some small cruisers that are being built In Japan. The Japanese Navy was or ganized entirely on the lines of the Brit ish Navy. The following are the chief characteristics of the -larger class of ves sels: Length, 400 feet, with a breadth of 75 feet 6 Inches, and main draught of 25 feet 6 inches; normal displacement, 15.200 tons; armament four 12-inch 49-ton guns placed In pairs on two barbettes situated forward and aft; 1 quick-firing 6-Inch guns carried on the broadside, and 20 12 pounder quick-firing guns. There are in these vessels four submerged torpedo dis charges. The Harveylzed armor-belt 226 feet long by 8 feet 6 Inches deep, the thickness of armor being 9 Inches. On the barbettes the armor Is 14 Inches thick above the main deck, and 9 Inche below In front. The ships are propelled by twin screws, the engines being of 15,000 Indicated horsepower, supplied by Belle vue boilers, the contract speed of 1S.5 knots. The coal capacity at normal draught Is 700 tons, but the bunkers are capable of holding 1400 tons. The com plement Is 741 bfneers and men. Among the battle-ships io the Chen-Yuen, cap tured from China, which has a displace ment of 7400 tons, Indicated horsepower 6200: armament, four 12-lnch (Krupp). four 6-lnch quick-firing and eight light guns, as well as eight other guns, and three I torpedo tubes. Her speed Is 14 knots. Of the armored crullers the largest Is the Acama, with a displacement of 9730 tons, an indlcated'horsepower of 19.000; armament, four S-lnch aulck-flring, 14 6 Inch (Armstrong), five torpedo tubes (four submerged) and Speed 22.1 knots. Some of the crulseres have a greater speed, like the Toklwa. with 23 knots; others less, like the Yakumo, with 20 knots. Other cruisers and destroyers vary In displacement between 1S50 and 5416 tons. They all carry quick-firing guns and the destroyers are said to have a maximum trial speed of SO knots or more. Some were built on the Thames, others on the Clyde and some at Barrow and Elswlck. Although Japan took England for a model In the building and manning of her navy she went to Germany for the organ ization of her army. The military budget of 1901-2 provides fop 13 divisions of the army. Including the division of the guard. 26 infantry brigades, each" of two three battalion regiments, 17 regiments of cav alry (51 squadrons). 19 regiments of artil lery 014 field and mountain batteries). 13 battalions of pioneers, comprising 2S companies (to be increased to 39 compa nies), 13 battalions of train of two compa nies each and the railway and telegraph battalion, each of three companies. In ad dition to the 13 divisions there are three regiments of coast and two battalion of foot artillery, as well as the Yeeso brigade, comprising four battalions of In fantry, besides cavalry artillery and pio neers. The army of the second line (gar risons and reserve), consists of 36 bat talions of Infantry, besides cavalry, plo- neers and depot troopa The peace strength In 1901-2 was 8166 officers and 135.533 men, being a total of 143,649. The war strength (with 171 battalions, 43 squad rons and 71 batteries), was 392.220, with 10SS guns, but this does not include all the reserves. BALTIMORE SUPPLIES THE WORLD. The Center of Cotton Ducking nnd Snll Cloth Manufacturing?. Baltimore continues to be the center of cotton ducking and sail cloth manufactur ing for the world. Out of a total of 11. 750,151 square yards of sail manufactured in the entire country in 1900. just S.510,143 square yards, valued at $1,693,334, was made In Baltimore, in addition to 16,629. 494 square yards of other cotton ducking, valued at $2,343,269. Briefly, the cotton goods Industry In Maryland has been shown comparatively as follows: Mills, 1900 14 1890 15 1SS0 19 1870 22 lh60 21 1S50 25 1840 21 Capital. Products. $7,709,256 $5,423,251 7.236,793 . 5.457.792 4.600.816 4.682.114 2.734,250 4.852.S0S 2.299,500 3.048.277 2,321,000 2,220,504 1.304.400 L150.5S0 In 1SS0 there were 125,706 spindles in Maryland, in ISOO 158,930 spindles and In 1900 154.064 spindles. In 1900 there were 2S1,502,6S9 hanks of yarn spun and 30,0S1,549 pounds, as against 29.751,879 In 1890, in Maryland. Maryland ranked second in tho manufac ture of Cotton twine, having produced 1,837,992 pounds in 1900; North Carolina having been first with a production of 2,800,530 pounds. Maryland was also sec ond In the manufacture of tape and web bing, having produced 319,514 pieces, val ued fit $101,286; Rhode Island was first, with 260.000 pieces. f Whnt We AH Xeed. Harper's Weekly. It was at an afternoon gathering of peo ple famed in two continents for achleve "ments, artistic, literary and musical, and there was a man discussing a recent book with a woman of his acquaintance. He Is a man very famUIar to the brilliant social world here and abroad and to a large contingent of newspaper readers besides, for he Is one of the persons the quiet folk like to read about In the dull routine of their sober lives. He has traveled widely, has tasted of the best of everything. It seems, that the world can offer. Yet there was great earnestness, mingled with not a little wlstfulness, in his voice and manner as he said, commenting on the recent novel of a friend a novel of tre mendous power but scant tenderness: "No, I didn't like It. I admired It, of course, for Its brilliance and strength, but I didn't like It; It didn't do me any good that I am aware of. What we all need Is to be encouraged, oheered on to do our best, made to believe that only our best Is worthy of us and that however discour aging things may look now for the faith ful and the true, great ultimate good Is bound to come to them by and by. Yes," ho went on. after a pause, "from our friends, as we meet them, from books as we read them, what we all need, I take it, Is to be encouraged." And to the same' woman to whom he sp5ke someone else a day or two afterward, In answer to the question. "What do the poor need most?" replied briefly, but ardently: "Sympathy! Not pity, but encouragement, such en couragement as you and I give to one another In the face of difficulties." Child of fortune, envied of all men, and child of labor and of sorrow, "what we all need Is encouragement." Written In Enrlr Spring. , "William Wordsworth. I heard a thousand blended notes "While In a grove I gate reclined. In that sweet mood when pleasant thoughts Bring- sad thoughts to the mind. To her fair works did Nature link The human soul that through me ran: And much It grieved my heart, to think "What man has made of man. Through primrose tufts, in that sweet bower. The periwinkle trall'd its wreaths; And 'tis my faith that every flower Enjoys the air It breathes. The birds around me hopp'd and play'd. Their thoughts I cannot measure But the least motion which they made It seem'd a. thrill of pleasure. The budding twigs spread out their fan To catch the breezy air; And I must think, do all I can. That there was pleasure there. . If thla belief from heaven be sent. If such be Nature's holy plan, t Have I not reason to lament "What man has made ot manT " HE KEEPS THE FAITH Chicago Inter Ocean. "We heartily indorse the wise, patriotic and energetic Administration of Theodore Roosevelt, under which the country Is resting in confidence that every pledge of the Nation will be fully redeemed, and the policies that have established the honor of the United States at home and abroad will be faithfully maintained.' This resolution was adopted by the ex ecutive committee ot the National Repub lican League on Tuesday. It Is but one of many recent expressions of American and Republican confidence In Theodore Roose velt. This confidence exists because Theodore Roosevelt Is steadfast and stands without a shadow of turning for the great policies to which the Nation has given approval and to which the Republican party Is pledged beyond recall. It exists because he refuses to yield the welfare of the peo ple to the prejudices cf this or that dis trict or to bow to the Interests of this or that clique. It exists because he keeps the faith. The Republican Senators and Represent atives In Congress who think that by thwarting the Administration policies which the people have approved and by flouting the pledges which the people have received from the White House they are making the President unpopular are grossly deceived. "Having ears they hear not: having eyes they seo not." True, these men may conciliate the prejudices of a district or secure the sup port of a clique, but they arrayagalnst themselves the people as a whole. They drlve the people to their President for help. They shed the clear light of contrast on his fidelity, and they exalt the stalwart uprightness of his purpose. In a word, the man whom they would crucify for keeping the faith waxes ever stronger by very reason of. their opposi tion and looms larger with each passing day as the Inevitable Presidential candi date of all thinking Republicans In 1904. SENATOR SPOONER. Louisville Evening Post (Ind.) No man In Congress, not excepting the Speaker of the House of Representatives, whose influence was formerly considered so potential in National affairs, occupies the position today in the public eye or has been as Instrumental in pushing for ward so many Important and necessary measures as Senator John E. Spooner, of Wisconsin. - A glance over the calendar of the pres ent Congress will show nearly every Im portant measure either pending or dis posed of by that body has the name of Senator Spooner attached, either as the author of the original bill or as the framer of an amendment to virtually take the place of the original- bill. The three most important measures that have come before Congress since Its meeting last year havo been the Philip pine bill, the Isthmian canal bill and the various bills relating to the Cuban tariff. It was the Spooner amendments to the Philippine bill that made that measure acceptable to all men who have taken the trouble to Investigate the steps taken by Congress toward ruling these islands. Last week, by a decisive vote, the Sen ,ate passed the Spooner amendment to the Isthmian canal bill. Although great ly assisted by Senator Hanna. It was to Senator Spooner that the credit for the change of route belongs. The course followed by Mr, Spooner seems all the more patriotic in view of the fact that It was generally beileved prior to the assassination of Mr. McKln ley that he would be a contestant for the Republican nomination for President in 1904. Since the death of Mr. McKInley he has supported the Administration ot President Roosevelt with the most un compromising loyalty, and this unselfish subordination of his personal ambition to the needs of the country will not soon be forgotten by the people. American Police Administration. St. Paul Pioneer Press. Towards the close ot Devery's career as chief of the New York police force when he stood pilloried before the' country for connivance not only with the owners or gambling hells, poolrooms and policy shops, but with the keepers of disorderly houses and those engaged ln the horrible traffic of the "cadet system," the national organization of police chiefs at Its annual meeting In New York startled the country by treating him as a sort of demi-god. Only a small number of the members pro tested against this perverted hero-worship, the great majority openly admiring him. But what was Devery that he should be admired by the members of a profession which Is supported by the tax payers to maintain order, to enforce the laws and ordinances, to suppress crimes and nuisances and to protect the weak against the strong, whether they be foot passengers on a crowded thoroughfare or Ignorant foreigners or strangers In the clutches of sharpers? His sole achieve ment within the legitimate limits of his profession was the maintenance of some order In street traffic. For all other pur poses he stood morally convicted of re ceiving tribute from those engaged In committing the very crimes and nuisances which he was hired to suppress. He was in effect a member of the criminal classes, with which the police Is supposed to be at wan It was pointed out as significant at the time that Instead of openly con demning this acme of corruption and cast ing him forth as unworthy to associate with the members of an important and po tentially respectable profession he was treated as If he embodied all Its virtues. There was only one conclusion to be drawn from this. It was that the chiefs of police assembled In New York, with the exception of the handful that pro tested agalns. the laudation of Devery, not only sympathized with .his methods, but were so callous to their, enormity that It never occurred to them that they placed themselves under suspicion for applaud ing their principal exponent. i . PERSONS WORTH KNOWING ABOUT. Major Pond, the well-known American Im pressarlo, has Just celebrated his 64th year. He began life as a Journeyman printer, and for three months set type with John Brown on the Herald of Freedom. Henry Post, of Glllman. 111., recently pur chased a tract of land In Stone County. Mis souri, and obtained an abstract of title dated June 18. 1TD3. A favorable opinion was at tached as to the validity of the title, signed by Daniel Webster and Rufus Choate. R. K. Cahlll. who has Just resigned as di vision superintendent of the Missouri Pacific at Nevada, Mo., to accept the superintendency of the Choctaw, Oklahoma & Gulf Railroad, with headquarters at Little Rock. Ark., began rail roading as a water boy on a construction train In 1872 at La Salle. III. VassllI Verestchagln. who Is painting a. big picture of Colonel Roosevelt climbing San Juan Hill, has gone to Cuba In order to secure exact tints of foliage to be found there. He has been working for some time from sketches taken on the scene, but President Roosevelt and others who were' officers In that action have viewed the picture In Its present state ot advancement, and all have noted the absence of brilliant foliage which they saw there. So the painter has gone to Cuba again. James Burr, of Delphi Falls, N. T., has won a long fight against the highway commissioner of his district, who a year ago ordered that two beautiful made trees about 100 years old should be cut down to make room for a new roadway. The trees are on property which was once owned by Mr. Burr, who determined that they should be saved. For a year he has maintained a watch night and day to guard the trees, and now the commissions has yielded, ordering that the road be laid out a couple of yards to one side ot the route originally planned. Mrs. "Jack" Gardner, of Boston, nee Stewart. .owns a portrait of the. Duke of Monmouth. son ol v-nanra xi oi .cngiana. she found it during one of her exploring expeditions In Lon don. Empress Frederick, mother of the present Kaiser, heard of and wished to buy it. raying she was a Stuart, and therefore wished to se cure this likeness of such a famous member of the Stuart family. "Does the Empress of Germany." said Mrs. Gardner, on hearing this "think there Is but one family of Stuarts lii the world? Tell Her Majesty that I, too. am a Stewart, and, therefore, cannot part with the picture," NOTE AND COMMENT. Is- The mercury comes high- but wc must stand It. Tracy Is again hiding In the Interior of the newspapers. Our baseball team seems disposed to be magnanimous to every club In the league. Seattle seems to be strenuously In need of a Colonel. Roosevelt or a General Funs ton. We did not expect to number the weath er among our Imports from our new pos sessions. The new oleomargarine law has already closed every concern dealing In its product in Wisconsin. Let the posse keep up. Tracy will be so eld after a while that he will no longer be able to shoot, Nicaragua still hopes for the canal, which shows that Nicaragua knows very little about Congress. One delegate to the Spokane Republican convention has killed another. Tracyism seems to be creeping Into Washington pol itics. , The King will be crowned August 9. He doesn't propose to give a relapse even a fighting chance of heading off the cere mony. What will happen to the Nicaragua Ca nal with no Representatives or Senators In Congress to introduce bills for Its an nual dredging out? There are still several unoccupied cab Ins near .Enumclaw that Sheriff Cudlhee might surround. If he finds time hanging heavy on his hands. . The countries of the next century will probably dig up volcanoes like Mount Pe lee by the roots and put them In the tur rets of their warships. A blacksnake with whiskers has been discovered In New Jersey. There can be no lonser any doubt that the state Is the spawning place of the octopus. The House of Commons Is to give a dinner to J. P. Morgan. Of course a spe cial tax will be levied to enable those giving the banquet to provide the fare that J. P. Is used to. The lumber industry stands fourth among the great manufacturing occupa tions of the United States, according to a recent census bulletin. The steel indus try Is first, the textile second and the meat-packing third. The lumber industry employs a capital of $611,600,000. men to tho number of 283.260, and turns out a yenrly product valued at $o66,S00.000. This Is 10 times the value of lumber product turned out 50 years ago. In the course of some .litigation In New Jersey recently, the fact was made public that Bertram Cutler Is the largest Indi vidual stockholder of record in the United States Steel Corporation. For a day or two Wall street wondered who this was that owned 123,975 shares of United States Steel preferred and 25,365 shares of Steol common. He was finally located as a stenographer and typewriter for John D. Rockefeller, and his salary is $18 a week. The stock standing In his name Is said to be worth aoout $20,000,000. When I said I never gave a tip, writes Robert Barr. In the Saturday Evening Post, I ought perhaps to add that once upon a time I offered one. which, to my surprise, was not accepted. I engaged to write for an American paper some ar ticles on the London parks, and I asked a friend how I could get accurate Infor mation regarding them. "Nothing simpler." said the English man. "Drop a line to the ranger of Hyde Park, and he will set you right." I wrote a courteous note to the ranger, and told him 1 did not mind parting with La dollar or two If he could put me In the way of writing an Interesting article. My communication was Ignored, so. fearing I had not ofTered enough, I again consulted my English friend, .and told him the amount proffered. "That was very generous of you." he Bald, sarcastically, "and I am amazed your munificence has not met a readier response, for the ranger of Hyde Park Is His Royal Highness, the Duke of Cam bridge, uncle to the Queen, and I am sure his expenses must be large!" PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS "A fool and her money are soon courted." Life. His Method of Selection. "Five horses run ning and you pick Hoodoo?" "That's right! I have dead-sure tips on the other four!" Puck. He Nice dos! Havo you taught him any tricks since I was here last.? "Oh. yes; he will fetch your hat. If you whistle," said she, sweet ly. Tit-Bits. She Did you say he was a lady-killer? He Well, he tried to be. I saw him out rowing with one, and ho tried to rock the boat. Yon ker3 Statesman. First Chauffeur I'm soln to take the gong off of my automobile. Second Chauffeur Why? First Chauffeur Because 1 haven't run over any one so far this season. Ohio State Journal. Blinks It'll be a lot more fun automoblllng when cold weather comes. Chinks Why? Bllnks-r'Cause It'll be slippery and folks won't be so spry getting out ot the way. Chicago Dally News. Not Ud to Standard. The Rev. Goodman I was surprised to see ou playing golf last Sun day. I should think you would try to do bet ter. Hardkase Oh! I usually do much betfer. I was In wretched form last Sunday. Philadel phia Press. Her Interpretation. Helen I have Just re fused to marry Mr. Glngerley. Edith Oh! Did he propose? Helen Well. I can't say posi tively, but that Is how I construed his inco herent remarks. Brooklyn Life. Latest Newport Style. Thavnoo Hello. Bleeckerstreet! Have you an engagement for this evening? Bleeckerstreet No. Thavnoo Then cora over and Join us In a select little luncheon we are going to give to Jooko. the moat entertaining orang-outang you ever met. Chicago Tribune. "When I Got Rich. P. H. McCauley, In Freeman's Journal. When 1 get rich. oh. many things I'll do; For all poor folks whose lives are full of care. Their days, now drear. I'll make so sweet and fair. They'll know no grief, no sorrow, no despair. When I gpt rich! When I get rich the friends I love so dear Shall know no more those weary, toilsome hours; I'll light their skies with sunshine, and th8 showers Will scatter on their pathway fairest flowers. When I get rich! When you get rich! Those friends you loved eo well May not be here, but far beyond the ekles. And never know the hidden love that lies Within jour heart ah! foolish, vain surmlso When you get rich! Walt not till rich, but haste to do it now! Yes, scatter sunshine dry the falling tear Light up with hope the darkened heart and drear. That may be near you Oh. ne'er mind the year When you get rich!