THE MOBKiyQ OREO OKI AN, WEDNESDAY, JULY . 16, 1902.
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TODAY'S WEATHER Fair; -warmer; north
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YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature. 08; minimum temperature, 58; pre
cipitation. 0 06 inch.
PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, JULY 0.0.
TWO KINDS OF EXPANSION.
The recent oversubscription of the
Spanish loan of 550.000,000 Is affordiag
the text cf homilies on the great ad
vantage accruing to Spain through the
loss of her colonies. The natural but
Illogical commeotary on the event Is
the ruinous cost of expansion. Some
few temporary signs of recuperation In
Spain are taken as evidence of Its per
manent rehabilitation, and the United
States Is pointed to the phenomenon as
a warning.
In the first place. Spain 19 In a very
bad way, notwithstanding this evidence
of hoards among her people and their
willingness to invest them in national
securities, whether from motives of
thrift or patriotism. The outpouring
of savings does not alleviate the agri
cultural distress prevalent over great
part of the peninsula, nor does It abate
the labor disturbances in Catalonia.
Probably the best that can be expected
of the present period of Spanish hope
fulness Is that it is an intermission, not
too short of life, in the fateful history
of modern Spain. Material social and
Intellectual conditions are too deeply
rooted to be radically bettered by any
surface indlcationa
In the second place, nothing In Spain's
colonial history is a precedent for
American " expansion. The whole tenor
of the two movements Is generlcally
unlike. In her proudest years of ex
pansion Spain was proverbially likened
to a sieve the spoils from the New
World ran through her fingers and left
her no whit richer. Plundered and ex
ploited to the last ounce of gold In Mex
ican and Peruvian mines, drained to
the last drop of blood in the veins of
their tortured slaves her New World
colonies were made to pour a constant
stream of treasure into the lap of Cas
tile, but they were squandered as fast
as they arrived. Ill got, soon gone.
Never was so strikingly illustrated the
New Testament doctrine of the profit
In giving and the ruin of self-seeking.
It is a favorite argument of anti-Imperialism
that we are spending more
in the Spanish islands than we get
from them. The Ideal of these com
plainants is found in the -old Spanish
policy get everything, give nothing.
We are giving tremendously to Cuba,
Porto Rico and the Philippines, not only
In military and naval expenses, not
only In roads and streets, bridges and
sewers, sanitary and police administra
tion, but in the lives of our brave sol
diers and in the devoted bands of teach
ers, doctors, missionaries, nurses and
surveyors who frequently leave their
health and sometimes their lives on the
altar of the Americanization of our new
possessions and the responsibilities they
Incur.
History leaves us In no doubt as to
the difference between these two forms
of expansion or as to their relative
merits In the long run. The mainte
nance of new territory Is costly. If it is
Justly and wisely administered, but in
the end It brings forth an hundred-fold
in trade, in national dignity and great
ness, in breadth of the racial view, and
eventually, as the South African War
has shown, in defensive military power.
We have seen the Canadian and Aus
tralian contingents hurrying to the
support of the empire against the Boer
uprising; and our descendants may yet
see the day when to the defense of the
United States against Latin or Cossack
invasion the harried soil of Luzon shall
rush its loyal armies to the shores of
New England and the bluffs of Puget
Sound.
National expansion reaps what it
sows. For the rapacity and cruelty of
four hundred years Spain has harvested
the bitter hate and eventual loss of
her last foot of soil In her once vast
New World empire. For the extension
of British liberty at great cost to her
distant isles, the United Kingdom has
reaped a passionate loyalty that almost
puts to shame the patriotism of the
native-born. Between these two courses
this country has no occasion to err. A
similarity between Spanish empire and
American empire Is real to nothing but
the most superficial observation.
The statement that cleanliness Is akin
to godliness has long been accepted as
true. Proof of it, however, continues
to accumulate. Late evidence is found
in a circular letter sent by the State
Factory Inspector of Indiana to the
larger manufacturing firms of the state
recommending that they provide bath
ing facilities for their employes, on the
ground that abath after' a day's work
does much to remove the desire for stim
ulants. When one .thinks of the thou
sands of laboxers, reeking with per
spiration combined with the effluvia of
rank tobacco, the pores of whose bodies
are further clogged with dust, and who
drop into saloon on their way "home
to stimulate their flagging energies and
spend money that should go to the
maintenance of homes, he Is impressed
with this bath Idea as with a great dis
covery, and longs tq see facilities pro
vided for carrying it out It is well
known, however, that it Is one thing to
lead a horse to the water quite an
other to make him drink. It may be
doubted whether a bath as a substitute
for a drink, evfcn If the former were
free and the latter had to be paid for,
would find universal favor with thQse
to whom It would do the most good.
Still, the experiment is worth trying,
as it is distinctly in the line of prac
tical temperance endeavor and econ
omy of the laborer's resources.
PANAMA ROUTE PROBABLE.
The hope or expectation that the
Nicaragua route for an Isthmian canal
will eventually be chosen through fail
ure of the Panama negotiations is not
encouraged by anything that has hap
pened since the adjournment of Con
gVesa Senator Spooner's conference
with the President at Oyster Bay and
his prospective Journey to Paris cer
tainly lend no color to the hypothesis
bf anticipated failure. Even more sig
nificant is the attitude of Colombia, the
country from which our title must be
obtained. Nobody is going over to
France to contract for the payment of
$40,000,000 with the canal company if
there is a reasonable probability that
the deal will be nullified by our subse
quent Inability to secure title to the
necessary belt across the Isthmus.
It will be remembered that while the
Spooaer act specifically appropriates
the 540,000,000 requisite for the Panama
Canal Company's rights and property,
the amount for buying the strip author
ized for the canal was left Indefinite.
Considerable latitude is left to the Ad
ministration, and this Is well, for the
Indications are that we shall have to do
some very unpleasant Bort of dickering
before the obstreperous Colombians are
brought down to a rational basis. The
draft of a Panama Canal treaty sub
mitted by the Colombian Government
provides for the immediate payment to
that government of 17,000,000 by the
United States. At the end of fourteen
years there Is to be an agreement as to
further compensation. It the two gov
ernments cannot agree," the matter is to
be submitted to arbitration. It Is said
a hint has been given to Secretary Hay
that a treaty containing the latter pro
vision will not be ratified by the Sen
ate, and that for this reason he has pro
posed to Colombia that the demand for
further compensation be dropped. To
this. It is said, Colombia demurs. She
wants a heavy lump sum, and a hand
somo annuity besides.
The ephemeral character of Latin
American governments Is such as to
Justify belief that the men temporarily
In charge of affairs there may readily
be brought to the cash Jn hand basis
and let the annuity in the bush go by
default. The United States certainly
would do far better to pay a stated sum
once for all and acquire its necessary
holdings In perpetuity than to negotiate
a running contract open to fresh de
mands every time a new set of offi
cials come In for a temporary enjoy
ment of the governmental plunder.
Another conclusion that compels rec
ognition is that the Colombian officials
will not be deterred from accepting the
best offer of ready cash they can get by
any consideration for their country's
future rights or technical constitutional
difficulties. The Panama people at
Paris and the Colombian negotiators on
this side will take what they can get
and look upon It largely as clear profit
The menaoe of the Nicaragua route will
doubtless prove as efficacious in the one
case as it has already done in the other.
The canal will probably be built at
Panama.
COLLAPSE OP A CORNER.
July corn m Chicago yesterday made
a sensational drop of 15 cents per bushel
a new record for lightning changes
in the yellow cereal. The Incongruity
of July wheat at 75 cents and July corn
at 90 cents, or even 80 cents, was so
pronounced that even the Gates clique
of millionaire' operators was unable to
prevent a disastrous break in the
coarser grain.
To what extent the possibility of the
Chicago Board of Trade's establishment
of a marginal price for corn figured in
the break will never be known. It Is
not improbable, however, that it was
a prominent factor. Unhampered by
any limits which the Board of Trade
might put on their operations, the
Gates people might have absorbed all
of the corn that was offered them, and
thus been in a position to put the price
wherever they pleased. The shorts
played the "baby act" In petitioning
for the marginal price, but as they were
sufficiently numerous to sell something
like 15,000.000 bushels of corn while they
had only about 2,000,000 bushels with
which to meet call for deliveries; they
without doubt had more than a fighting
chance to secure help from the anti
quated and unjust rule regarding the
establishment of a marginal price.
A not uncommon expression In com
mercial circles Is the statement of some
men that they will sell anything they
have if they get their price for it. This
Is what happened to corn. The failure
of the crop last year caused a great
scarcity and attendant high prices, and
seldom If ever since the cereal has be
come an important article of commerce
has the statistical position, been as
strong as it is at the present time.
There is something in common, how
ever, between wheat and corn, and
whenever the price of the latter soars
above that of the premier cereal it Is
the result of unnatural conditions
which the established laws of trade
generally equalize with considerable
celerity.
When the manipulations of Mr. Gates
and his friends put the price of corn jip
to 90 cents for July delivery, the farm
ers throughout the corn belt began sell
ing their stocks down to the last "nub
bin," and replacing each bushel thus
disposed of with something like 14
bushels of wheat of a much greater In
trinsic value, bushel for bushel, for
feeding man and beast. This selling of
individually small lots resulted in some
thing over 800 carloads of corn being
delivered in Chicago yesterday. The
amount was sufficiently large to Indi
cate that a continuation of the deliver
ies until the end of Julyon a. similar
scale might leave more corn on the
market than was required at such top
notch prices.
The experience of Mr. Gates and his
friends with corn does not differ ma
terially In some respects from that of
Mr. Lelter with wheat about five years
ago. When the Napoleon of the wheat
pit had his boom Just getting under
way oa the up grade, wheat seemed
scarce, and he had 'but little difficulty
in taking care of all that was offered.
Conditions were favorable for high
prices and the market was worked up
with a rush. B when the price
passed $1 and $1 25 per bushel, wheat
began to come out of unexpected places
and all over the West and Middle West
the farmers In moderate to good cir
cumstances unloaded 'to the last bushel
and took up corn or rye as a substitute
for the higher-priced article, which was
worth more to sell than It was to eat
Now the situation has been reversed,
but the conditions which caused the re
versal are exactly the same. Lelter
added millions to the wealth of the
farmers with his wheat deal, and Gates
has proven the same kind of a bene
factor with com. It Is a matter of re
gret, however, that the perpetual bears
who went short on corn and then played
the "baby act" were not made to suffer
to the limit for their Indiscretion. -
PASSING OF A GREAT OPPORTUNITY
A new episode has risen to a place
In the annals of the table and what a
goodly company they are! There Is the
story about Sheridan, who heroically
devoured, unseen by any but his host
ess, a stray crustacean. Informs, hor
rendum, that had Inadvertently been
left In the leaves of the salad, and
thereby made the lady his devoted
slave for life. There Is the yarn about
Secretary Blaine, who Was accosted at
a reception by a countryman, who, out
of unfamlliarlty with Ice cream. In
formed him that through some over
sight the pudding had been frozen, and
who promptly tasted It with every show
of concern and assured the guest that
he would at once have the matter
looked into. Another heroism was that
of the lady who. In order to spare the
confusion of an awkward 'guest who
had broken a rare bit of china, smashed
another piece herself instantly with the
remark, "Oh. we are always breaking
thes? things they don't amount to
anything." Then there Is the man who
drank from the finger bowl to show his
guests the way to cover up the error
of an unlearned visitor who had inno
cently perpetrated that same action In
good faith. Yes, the annals of the table
are full of delicious memories.
But a certain Prince and Princess
Engelltcheff seem to have missed the
opportunity to add another to the al
ready long list of charming stories.
Their butler, from what motive does
not appear, but presumably from com
mendable originality and bravery, dis
tinguished one of their dinner parties
by serving soup after meat. The royal
thing to do, of course, was to stand by
him, and thus set a fashion which
would have interest and variety If not
Universal vogue. They should have
given It out by looks If not by words
that in their set hereafter soup after
meat was the correct thing. Then they
as well as the butler would have scored
a gastronomic triumph. Instead, they
only looked confused and shrank before
the Inquiring gaze, of their guests. The
butler Is hopelessly discredited, and
their own dignity has suffered .serious
abatement, all through the absence of
quick wit and neglect of "noblesse
oblige." Nobody should be a Prince or
Princess, or be permitted to exercise
the function of host or hostess, who
fQrfeits the claim to that noble privi
lege by deliberate assassination of the
comfort and equanimity of guests or
faithful servants. '
All of which may serve to remind us
that the world we live In Is a very
exacting one, and that the gbd3 of in
civility and forgetfulness are always on
the ajert to undo us at the unguarded
moment. Thoughtlessly we fail to make
room for the tired mother and child on
the crowded seat, and the next moment
the? car moves on, with the beautiful
deed forever undone. The kind word
rises to our lips, but In weariness or
inattention we wait the saddened face
has passed and there Is a blank In life's
diadem where a star should shine. A
word or even look of disapproval at a
low act or a brutal word might have
helped the boy or girl over a critical
hour of hesitation but it wasn't
thought of or was weakly neglected, and
in that downward career we have a
part. General Intentions are of little
avail unless the fleeting impulses of the
Isolated moment are instantly Im
proved. No habit Is formed but by rep
etition of unconsidered trifles. Unread
iness is the worst of social crimes.
HISTORIC STREAMS.
Palmer Creek, presumably named for
Joel Palmer, who for many years lived
and many years ago died at Dayton,
Yamhill County, Is honored ab a his
toric stream. At its mouth, where it
flows into the Yamhill, the first steam
boat that ascended that stream made
its landing; a pile of sawdust Indicates
an old mlllslte near the same spot; a
gristmill occupied the opposite bank of
the creek, and to this mill the pioneers
of a wide section brought their grist for
many years. These monuments of
early enterprise have long since passed
away, but the creek, still bearing the
name of the pathfinder, whose little
guidebook was consulted for "camping
places" by many successive emigra
tions that came across the plains In the
middle and later years of the ox-team
era, still Joins Its waters with those of
the river, unmindful of the flight of
time or of the coming and passing of
men. Modern Industries, further Indic
ative of the flight of time, have sup
planted the old sawmill and the ancient
gristmill. A fruit evaporator turns out
Its product In sharp contrast to the
quartered apples strung on twine by
the- thrifty housewife's darning needle
and hung to dry upon her kitchen walls
In the long ago. Creameries hard by
mock with the abundance .of their
golden output the relatively meager
product of pioneer churns sacred In
memory to sweet butter and frsh but
termilk. A little distance away the
Yamhill River, fringed with willows,
glides in and out among the shadows
"unresting and unhastlng and un
spent," a dreamy reminder of the
touching refrain of Sam Simpson's
sweetest poem:
Onward, ever lovely river.
Softly calling to the sea;
Time that scars us, malms and mars us
Leaves no track or trench on thee.
Gale's Creek In the foothills of Wash
ington County, Is another stream which
tells tales of pioneer enterprise and In
dustry to those who know how and
where to look for them. Here an aban
doned mlllrace, the waters of which
moved an upright saw that with noisy
energy slowly turned logs into lumber;
there a ruined flume that conveyed
water to on overshot wheel that kept a
single run of burrs in a flouring mill
grinding wheat all day long now given
over to moss and decay these are some
of the evidences of early thrift fed by
the waters of the stream the name of
which commemorates the one-time res
idence in the vicinity of Joseph Gale.
Simple evidences of pioneer lUo and en
deavor, these ruins are meaningless to
the many; the few alone understand
them and recall the era of their useful
ness and activity.
Mary MacLane, of Butte, author of
her own "story," was stranded In Chi
cago a few days ago on her way to
Radcllffe College, suffering pitifully
from "nostalgia," an ailment known In
the annals of country towns by the old
fashioned name of "homesickness." An
Interviewer reports the daring Mary as
follows: "Parts of my book are false;
they were written in moods that I do
not feel now, for I do love my people,
and I do want to see them oh, so
much!" All of which proves that noth
ing takes the romance out of a morbid
young woman like a genuine touch of
reality. Blood Is thicker than water,
as even Mary MacLane admits, and
"nostalgia" is a distressing though not
often fatal disease. It has its blessings,
however, since It is related that because
of her low condition Mary was relieved
by a sympathetic friend from the fa
tiguing business of answering ques
tions about-her work and herself, what
she thought of Chicago, how she liked
Chicago weather, and whether she were
going to see the Chicago stockyards.
If she Is an appreciative young woman,
sh'e doubtless blessed the disease that
preyed upon her spirits as, securely
locked in her own room, she Indulged
In dreams, of "home and mother."
The frelghthandlers' strike, now on In
Chicago causes the most serious inter
ruption of traffic and business that has
taken place in this country since the
great railway strike engineered by Eu
gene V. Debs in 1894. The means taken
to end this strike are well remembered.
It will not be surprising If President
Roosevelt will And It neceeeary to duplicate-
the action of President Cleve
land on that occasion, since both sides
In the controversy are stubborn, freight
is piled up in enormous quantities, and
rioting has bogun. It is idle to suppose
that a suspension of traffic which
causes business men to lose 1,000,000
a day will be allowed to wear on and
on until the stubbornness of one party
or the other Is worn out. Adjustment,
however it comes, must come In a few
days. The suffering public cannot and
will not stand It.
The leaders of the Populists in Kan
sas are reported to be deeply discour
aged. The country persists in being
prosperous, and calamity predictions
are at a discount. The most remark
able part of this statcm-c Is that there
are still any EepuHsts in existence to
feel discounted. Both in name and in
numbers the' peat Popullstlc party Of
Kansas has J0iRe( the ranfcs of th$
Prohibition pjrty of the ;.ale. nd
the Greenbacfcvparjy of the middle
West and withdnn lnto the shadows
that form a silent Weat for ephemeral
Ideas. To disturb v. ., , .
- . ,, " wis reuiui suggests u
at once a doleful Vmnholeruirr s'jnr
in consonance with t dolefu, theologJ
of a past generation. e opening n
of which were: ' - W
Hark from tbe,.,h.
A doleful Mun&t0:nl)5
Medical men who make a specialty of
gunshot .wounds and Incipient lockjaw
reap a harvest in the large cities of the
country In the aftermath of Fourth of
July fun. The variation In the number
of cases of this Itind 13 very slight from
year to year, showing conclusively that
the fond parent is a very poor student
in the school of other people's experi
ence. Remembering- their own youth,
they decide that the glorious Fourth
would be shorn of its glory were bombs
and tey pistols forbidden, and take
ohances, with results which specialty
surgeons anticipate and postpone their
Summer outings until August, by which
time usually the danger Is past or the
victims have succumbed to shock fol
lowing amputation, septicemia or teta
nus. .
"Once the site for the Lewis and
Clark Fair Is selected, all controversy
upon this point should stop ' So says
Dan McAHen, and so say all practical
minded citizens. Manifestly, nothing
can be gained by continuing the dis
cussion of the relative suitability of
this site or that, while, on the contrary,
more or less harm to the enterprise will
result. If the City Park Is selected,
why, then, logically, that Is the best
place for the Fair, since It Is the only
place where It will be held. So with
any other site. The long pull and the
strong pull will come aftec the location
is decided upon. If it 13 also a "pull
all together," the labor of carrying the
enterprise through to a successful ter
mination will be materially reduced.
Eugene V. Debs, erstwhile strike
leader and labor agitator, is now in
the Rocky Mountain lecture field, a
champion of Socialism of the rankest
type. Anything with Debs to get be
fore the public. He dearly loves to
hear the sound of his own voice, great
ly resembling Bryan In this respect,
and In alleged logic, whatever his
theme, bearing further resemblance to
the wordy Nebraskan. He is disarmed
for mischief by his record, amuses
himself by his talk without hurting
anybody, and only tiring those who are
weak enough or foolish enough to at
tend and sit through his lectures.
Nobody would apologize when wrong
any more quickly than Mr. Bailey, de
clares an Irate correspondent, a the
orem heHvIU doubtless maintain regard
less of any such trifling detail as the
fact that Bailey was clearly proven In
the wrong and declined to apologize.
Mechanical Stoklngr.
Engineering Magazine.
The small number of men to be seen In
a modern large machine works or steel
mill, as compared with an old-tlmo shop
of similar Importance, Is a matter which
has been a frequent occasion for com
ment, and this is doubtless due to the
very general ute of labor-saving ma
chinery. The cost of production In Indus
trial establishments Is made up of the
costs of raw material, wages, toolagc,
taxes and Interest, of which the largest
filnglo item usually Is the wagc3 cost.
One way by which this Item may be re
duced is by the Installment of mechanical
stokers. In the .great majority of steam
plants the coal is. wheeled to the boiler
room by hand, XX. is fired by hand, and
the ashes are removed by hand, making
in plants of 2000 boiler horsepower or over
a wageo cost of some considerate amount
The mechanical stoker may be defined
as a system of grate bars, dumping bars,
cool feeders and automatic devices to feed
fuel and control Its combustion, and sub
sequently to drop the ashes and unburnt
coaL That It Is not In any ser.ee a new
Invention Is to be learned from the fact
that James Watt took out a patent In 17S3
for fJich a device. The mechanical stoker
is ot English origin, though It has been
very thoroughly developed In the United
States to suit the. local fuels and boiler
furnace conditions,
S
PRUNE FACTS. -
The San Jose Mercury, which ought to
know better, gives this curious picture of
the prune Industry in the State of Wash
ington: -
Advices from various points In Washington
are to the eSect that the prune Industry In
that state Is under a cloud. Many growers
are cutting down their prune trees and reset
tins to apples and other fruit. The heavy
rains which haver come at budding time and
frequently Injured the prunes have discouraged
the growers. A cold, late Spring destroyed
over half the crop In Clark County, which Is
the largest prune-growlng section In the North
west. Thousands of acres were planted to
prunes In the Yakima and Walla Walla Val
leys, and the .growers now believe that the
experiments extending over several yars have
proved that other crops wilt yield a greater
profit. Many growers think that the Wash
ington prunes cannot compete with those of
California, as the latter can be cured In the
sun.
It Is true that the prunes of Washington and
Oregon have sometimes come Into competition
with those of California, but It has been a
competition which has not been profitable. It
Is baod on cheapness of quality as well as
price. There was an Instance In point when
the prune combine was holding out for a price
without putting In operation machinery for
marketing, when the Northern prunes got Into
the Eastern market by cutting prices. Hut
that kind of competition has no element ot
permanency.
The difference in quality Is another factor
against the Northern growers. California III
general, and the Santa Clara Talley In par
ticular, are peculiarly adapted by soil and cll
mato to prune-growlng. as well as curing.
The less-favored region which enters into com
petition with them Is taking bold of the ishort
end of the lever and working at a disadvan
tage which cannot be overcome.
This contains two wondere one that In
vention should be at once so elaborate
and so stupid, and the other that it should
be gravely printed by a newspaper which
sets Itself up as an authority on prune
matters. Now, the truth about the prune
business In 'Washington, and In Oregon
as well. le that it Is quite as prosperous
as the prune business in the Santa Clara
Valley or anywhere else. Those who tirst
went Into the business here made the
mistake of planting the Petite or French
prune, which is Identical with that grown
In California; and only in exceptional
seasons have results been satisfactory.
This particular variety of prune cannot
be profitably cultivated in Oregon ana
Washington in competition with the cheap
and dirty out-of-doors-cured product of
California. It Is intrinsically a better
prune because it has a thinner akin, and,
being cured In-doors, Is cleaner and more
inviting in appearance, but In the mat
ter of price it cannot meet the California
competition.
But the characteristic prune of the
North Is not thePetite or French prune,
but the Italian, which does not grow at
all in California, and which cannot be
duplicated either In size or quality In Cali
fornia. It is nearly double the size of the
California prune, and has the sub-acid
flavor which finds so much favor In the
markets, especially In the markets ot
rfStmany and the Continent in-general.
Size. '-a every person familiar with fruit
matters knows, counts for much every-
paneclallv In Europe, and this in
g6hVcct!on with the merits of flavor ana
ohD-arance under the cleanly system ot
rificial evaporation, easily gives it the
market wherever the two classes of fruit
n,-e brought into competition. We speak
Sow, of course, of first-class fruit, not or
lmn.rfpptiv rurpfl and oacked Roods, such
as finds Its way Into the markets from
here as from every other country.
It Is this advantage which the Northern
prune has In the points of size, tart flavor
and cleanly appearance that enables -It
to meot In competition xne pruuutu "
California orchards grown under more ad
vantageous climatic conditions, and gener
ally on a cheaper basis. The Oregon grow
er cannot count on such regular returns,
but pound for pound, his fruit brings a
better price, and when markets, are slow
-he to certain of the preference wherever
the two products are shown side by side.
It is possible that in the long run the
Northern prunegrower would be beaten by
the Callfornlan If the science of produc
tion were stationary; but. fortunately,
thlR in not the fact We are steadily
working toward a variety of the Italian
prune which will bloom a little later, and
ripen a HUle earlier and so escape both
the late Spring and the early Fall rains.
A great ndx-anca was made when the
empire wao brought out, and now we are
told even more promising varieties are be
ing developed. In time we shall get what
we want at least this is the opinion ot
experts who have given ie matter careful
study.
It Is possible that here and there in
Oregon and Washington orchards Dlantca
to wrong varTetls or In wrong situations
are being out out This has been done
in California In the Santa Clara Valley
as elsewhere. It Is one of the universal
experiences of the orchard business in
evcrj country. But the assertion that
prune orchards generally In Oregon and
Washington are being dug out is a bald
.absurdity. For every orchard dug out
in a season It would be easy to show 40
new ones planted. Here as In California,
where prunegrowlng has started right
thnt is, where the situation is favorable,
and where the business Is pursued with
Intelligence and Industry It does not fall
to pay.
Independence and Consent.
New York Sun.
The enthusiasm in Manila on account of
President Roosevelt's proclamation of
peace and amnesty shows how easily peo
ple reconcile themselves to American
"tyranny." It must be saddening to the
anti-Imperialists to see what craven cai
tiffs these Filipino friends are. Is it not
a terrible fate for a people to submit to
law and settled government: to receive
a wider freedom and larger rights than it
ever knew before, and to prefer peace and
civilization to miscellaneous throat-cutting,
perpetual revolution and savagery?
So many seas of tears and Ink have been
shed over these recreapt Hampdens and
Washlngtons.
Yet all Is not lost, even if there are un
worthy Filipinos. The high purpose of
the anti-imperialists is not to be changed.
In behalf of government by the consent
of the governed, they will not cease to
try to force upon the Filipinos independ
ence without and against their consent
The Filipinos must be Independent, wheth
er they want to be or not Confound the
scoundrels! What do they mean by rebell
ing against' the anti-Imperialists, throwing
over their rescuers and beading basely to
satraps and despots?
1 1
Old Arc Fcnslom.
Philadelphia. Ledger.
Viewing the subject academically, many
people will agree with Dr. Edward Ever
ett Hale's proposition that persons in the
decline of life should be pensioned by tho
state, and this would seem, to be a neces
sary corollary to the opinion expressed b"
certain labor radicals that no man over
the age of 45 should be given employment
But, though something of the kind has
already been begun In England, It will be
a long time before the matter will be
considered other than academically In this
country. Most of our aged people have
either means of their own or have rela
tives able to support them. In the full
ness of time, however, organized society
will probably see Its way clear to some
better method of caring for the old .and
infirm than is now provided by the alms
houses. The IVavnl Appropriation.
Pittsburg Post '
Tho naval bill, as it passed Congress
at the close of the session, makes ample
provision to satisfy moderate people
about the Increase of the navy. As for
the place of construction, the decision of
Congress to have ono battle-ship built in
a Government navy-yard seems deserv
ing of commendation. Conceding all that
may be said as to the superldr and quick
er work turned out In private yards, it
is -well to keep at least one of the estab
lished Government plants' in operation.
The shipbuilding companies have lately
combined and it would not be wise for
the Government to place Itself In their
power.
PORTLAND'S ENVIABLE FAME.
Minneapolis Tribune.
The rest of the country found a deal of
Interest nearly a year ago in a rather
striking experiment of municipal reform
made by the City of San Francisco. Sick
of mlsgovemment and grafting by both
political parties, and hopeless of relief by
any ordinary means of municipal reform,
the city deliberately elected a wild-eyed
Socialist Mayor. Under the system pre
vailing In San Francisco, this brought
about pretlv complete revolution in the
city government, as the Mayor seems to
control most of tho municipal depart
ments. So far as can be Judged from the
city papers, the result of the experiment
has been fairly good. Certainly life and
property am as safe as ever, there Is no
complaint of corrupt administration, and
the business of the city seems to be car
ried on with reasonable efficiency.
Now comes the smaller city of Portland,
Or., with an experiment In municipal gov
ernment at the opposite end of the scale.
We don't remember any tales of notorious
corruption In Portland; but there must
be some cause for a departure from the
usual practice quite as remarkable in Its
way as that In San Francisco. The latter
city chose a labor leader; the former has
chosen Its most eminent citizen. Every
body will remember Senator Williams, who
was a member of Grant's Cabinet and was .
nominated for Chief Justice of the United
States. His position In Portland must re
semble very closely that of Alexander
Ramsey In St Paul. Fancy Governor
Ramsey being elected Mayor of St Paul,
or Senator Washburn 'Mayor ot Minne
apolis. But Senator Williams did not think
It beneath his dignity to be elected Mayor
of Portland, and he is taking- hold of the
work of administration with great vigor.
The experiment does not end wltfi the
Mayoralty. The new Mayor Is getting the
most eminent citizens to serve in places
usually turned over to political grafters,
to recoup themselves for campaign con
tributions or pay themselves for political
servicer. His Police Commissioner is the
.leading banker of the city, a man who
might be compared to Mr. Bell here or
Mr. Upnam In St. Paul. Another leading
banker goes on the Board of Public
Works, and other offices are filled on the
"same remarkable plan. It is all very
well to Bay that every city would like to
command the services of men like these.
If they could b6 had. But tangible evi
dence of this Is lacking. We doubt if any
rran would think it beueath his dignity to
accept the Mayoralty of any city, if it
were offered with cordial unanimity as a
'tributi of public confidence and admira
tion. These are not the kind of men most
cities want for Mayor,' more's the pity.
It they wertr. there would not be the least
difficulty about getting them to serve.
Golden Days.
St Louis Globe-Democrat
These are golden days for the United
States. It will be hard to beat the pres
ent great record In business activity and
general prosperity. Tho coal strike is
the only adverse feature in the financial
situation of any consequence, but nobody
now looks for so much embarrassment
therefrom as was feared a few weeks
ago. There is some talk about gold ex
portation soon, as a result of the opening
of South Africa to development, but this
has no peril for the country. The gold
production of the United States, which
was J32.000.000 In 1S00. and which stood
near that mark for several years, was
SSO.000.COO in 1501, and, from the present
outlook, as' based on the figures for the
past six months, will be $S3,OOO,OG0 In 1002.
The country can spare many millions of
gojd. Its hoard of that metal is greater
than it ever has been in the past, and
far greater than that of any other coun
ery, even than France.
Germ-Cnrrylnsr Pljceons.
New York Sun.
An epidemic of carlet fever, starting In
Cincinnati, has ftpread In the last few
weeks through a number of towns in
Ohio, and the health authorities, after
taking extraordinary precautions to con
fine the disease within the limit oflts first
ravages, wero puzzled to understand tile
means by which It was carried elsewhere.
They made an investigation and have now
come to the conclusion that much of the
contagion was spread by tame pigeons and
doves, which carried the germs from place
to place. The evidence on which this the
ory Is baed Is that scarlet fever spread
under strict quarantine from a house on
the roof of which there was a large pig
eon cote. The only livestock about tho
house not quarantined wa the pigeons,
which flew about the neighborhood. If
they didn't carry the disease germs the
authorities don't know how the fever was
spread.
The Morning Snmmons.
When the mist Is on the river, and the hare Is
on the hllla.
And the promise of the Springtime all the am
ple heaven Alls;
When the shy things In the wood-haunts and
the hardy on tho plains
Catch up heart and feel a leaping life through
Winter's sluggish veins;
Then the summons of the morning like a buglo
moves the blood.
Thon the soul of man grows larger, like a
flower from the bud;
For the hope of high Endeavor Is a cordial
half divine.
And the banner cry of Onward calls the lag
gards Into line.
There Is glamour offhe moonlight when the
stars rain peace below.
But the stir and smell of morning Is a better
thing to know;
While the night Is hushed and hoWcn and
transpierced, by dreamy song,
tiO, the dawn brings dew' and Are and tho rap
ture of the strong!
Richard Burton.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGHAPIIEItS
The Suitor What do you consider the essen
tial difference between friendship and love?
"From five to ten thousand a year.' Life.
More Cruelty. "I moke It a rule." he said,
"to learn something every day." "My!" she
replied. "How fast you must forget." Chi
cago Record-Herald.
On Toast. McJIgger The robin Is a very
timid brd. Isn't tt7 Thlnsumbob I guess so.
At any rate, the average restaurant cook can
make It quail. Philadelphia Press.
"His attentions to you have been marked,
have they not?" catd the young woman's ex
perienced friend. "Oh. yes. He has never
taken the price-tag oft any of his presents."
Til-BIU.
John's Scheme. "John's college expenses
must have come hlgh.""Yes, they did; but
John's a good boy. He says If I give him a
share In the business, he'll pay me back."
Detroit Free Press.
Another Theory. Phyllis Yes; he was pay
ing attention to hor quite a long time.
'Blanche Perhaps he hadn't the courage to
propose. Phyllis Oh, I don't know. Perhaps
he had tho courase not to propose. Brooklyn
Life.
His Chief Solicitude. "How do you think
you stand with the voters In your town?" "I
never trouble myself about that," answered
Senator Sorrhum; "but I stand all rlsht with
the men who control the voters." Washington
Star.
It Was Hot Visitor (to Nebraska farmer)
It has been oretty hot out here this Summer,
has It not? Farmer Hot? Well, rather. Why.
we even had to put lee In the pond to keep
the ducks from laying hard-boiled eggs.
Judse.
Times Were Changed. Clara (to her old
chum) And that horrid Jones boy that used
to seater you with his love-making does he
worry you as much as ever? Ethel Well,
hardly: you see, we're married now. Balti
more News.
Tho Wily Dan and the Wary Kitchener.
It was Just Saturday week when some of us
expected tho peace settlement, that a worthy
dean a most reverend gentleman possibly sly
ly thought he could steal a march on Lord
Kitchener. Ho telegraphed from the Orange
River Colony, saying: "As I am acting as chap
lain, and conducting divine service In very
many camps tomorrow, may I ask if the
hymn, 'Peace. Perfect Peace. would not be a
most appropriate one to give out to be sung'
And the great "X." wired reply: "Please your
self; but I think 'Onward. Christian Soldier,'
qulto as good." Pretoria (June 1) correspond
enco London Telegraph.
Vote and comment.
Nobody complains about the weather
but the Ice-man.
If all Merrill's relatives go to his funeral
It will have to be an open-air affair.
A number of wild Indians are hunting
Tracy, and there are evidently others.
We haven't had a fire'for nearly two
days. Is what remains of the town fire
proof? The police never have to break up a
fight In San Francisco. They are all given
reserved seate.
Tracy's chivalrous nature Is such that
he scorned to put In a claim for the re
ward for Merrill.
The man who can show people how to
live without meat, oil, sugar or steel, will
be a popular Idol Indeed.
Will our esteemed contemporary, the
Congressional Record, be represented at
the Jeffries-Fitzslmmons fight?
Even the most fashionable of New York
millionaires have not got to the point of
ordering Panama hats for their horses.
J. P. Morgan says he never plays poker,
but his recent actions show that he is not
oblivious to the value of a pair of Kings.
Kansas finds that she cannot beat her
politicians Into threshing machines and
her spellbinders Into self-binding harvest
ers. Perhaps if Tracy Is allowed a Httje more
liberty he will get angry with himself and
put himself in a position to claim the rest
of tho reward.
Of course, the surgeons who operated on
the King will charge other patients extra
for slicing them up with the instruments
used on His Majesty.
Aguinaldo will go to Boston by the Sues
route, of course. He won't take chances
going through the country in which pa
triotic Americans are found. (
If Mr. Donnelly had attended a meeting
of the Port of Portland Commission In
the days of Its strenuoueness, he might,
not be so hasty about calling It names.
George J. Charlton, general passenger
agent ot the Alton road. Is in receipt of a
postal card, dated at Jollet, 111.. June 20.
as follows: "Five years ago I used your
road to Jollet, and have never used any
other since." The writer does not sign
his name, but gives his number, which In
dicates that he is still In the penitentiary.
He also gives the official number of tha
state penitentiary building.
His versatile and irrepressible Majesty.
Emperor William II, has been fulminating
again. This time It is one of the idols of
his own nation, the late Richard Wagner,
who has incurred the royal disaffection.
The Emperor has been attending some op
era performances at "Wiesbaden, and It is
reported that he delivered himself thus
weightily In comment thereon: "Wagner,"
affirms His Majcety, "I do not like; he is
too noisy for me; indeed, the simple and
withal so wonderful music of Gluck Is
more to my liking."
No day passes In Washington without
giving gossips a new story about Presi
dent Roosevelt One of the latest tells
that Immediately after Senator Fairbanks
rushed Into the Senate with a resolution
appropriating 510O.C0O for the- relief of the
Martinique sufferers, some one called the
President up on the telephone and told
h:m what had been done. That same
afternoon Mr. Roosevelt sent In a message
recommending that $500,000 be appropriat
ed. "The ?100,000 would have been enough,
but you know," said ono member of Con
gress, "Fairbanks has been talked of as
a candidate for the Presidential nomina
tion." The following little scene at an Inquest
upon the body of a murdered man Is re
ported by a correspondent of "The Anglo
Russian" from Astrakhan: The Coroner
(dictating to the clerk: "On the table wes
found a bottle. . . . No; stop for a mo
ment; wo must ascertain Its contents."
The Coroner, tasting the liquid, dictates:
"The bottle contained English gin. . . .
perhaps not; I am not sure; taste It your
self." The clerk having done so, replies:
"I think It Is simply strong vodka." The
Coroner, tossing off another glass: "No,
really. It tastes like gin." The clerk,
tasting the liquor again: "I still think
It Is only vodka." The bottle having grad
ually become empty, the Coroner proceed
ed to dictate In a decisive tone. "Write:
An empty bottle was found on the table,
and all measures taken to ascertain what
It contained were of no use."
PEOPLE WORTH KXOWKG ABOUT.
Howard P. Frothlngharo. of 2 Wall street.
New York, has arobably loaned more money
than any other man who over lived. He repre
sents leading banks and trust companies on tho
floor of the exchange, and It Is no uncommon
thing for blra to loan from $1,000,000 to f20,00O,
000 a day In times of money stringency, at
prices ranging from 3 to ISO per cant On
these loans ho receives handsome commissions,
anil Is today ono of tho richest brokers on tho
L street. He has been long known for the per
fection of his dress and the urbanity of his
manners.
Baron Oppcnhelm, a German, "who has been
traveling and observing in this country for
several months, was asked what he thought oC
American women. "That Is- a delicate sub
ject, "especially as I am not leaving tbe coun
try and might get Into trouble by dlscusslns
It I can only regret that your American
girls refuse to emigrate to my country. Tho
American woman is truly a product of your
climate, all vigor and freshness and a gentle
aggressiveness that makes her a delightful con
trast to the monotonous sameness and less
vivacious sister across the sea."
James Bryce. M. P.. In his recent address
before Oxford University, said: "I have been
struck by hearing men In the Rocky Mountains,
who would have concealed any Infusion of
negro bloody mention that their mothers or
grandmothers had been Indians." A differ
ence between .the Teutonic and the South Euro
pean races was hero noted, the latter feeling
far less repulsion to Intermarriage with a col
ored race. "Where Americans. Englishmen
and Germans rule," he said, "there Is no In
termarriage with the color races, and conse
quently no proSFct of race fusion."
Bartlett G. Young, this year's president of
the Yalo University Banjo Club. Is of Chinese
parentage, though born In this country. Hla
father. Dr. Young. Wing, graduated from Yalo
In 185 and lattr married & Miss Kellogg,
member of a prominent Connecticut family and
a famous beauty in her day. He lived in
Hartford for many years, being on lntlmata
terms with Mark Twain. Charles Dudley War
ner and other notable literary persons, and
only returned to his native country on tha
death of his wife. a few years ago. At tho
time of hlji boy's birth. Dr. Young was a
special envoy of China In Washington, and
therefore the young man Is held to be a Chi
nese, though born in this country.
They say In London hat Lord Kitchener's
unwillingness to be tho central figure of a
big military display on his return to London
Is quite characteristic of the man. To him
warfaro is a business, and the spectacular
aldo of It makes no appeal whatever to his
Imagination. When he came back from the
Soudan after crushing the Khalifa and had re
ceived hl3 peerage and a grant ot $150,000, ho
was entertained at dinner 07 merchants and
business men of London. When it came his
turn to speak, ho said In a simple, offhand
way something like this: "Gentlemen, I aia
very much obliged for tho complimentary
things that you have said to me. You say
that you aro very"anxloua to show your good
will. Very well. Tell mo how I can Invest
1 this 30.090 so as to get 8 per cent oa It"
V