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PORTLAND, 3IOXDAY, JUL-Y 7, 1002.
LATIXITY VS. AXGLO-SAXOX.
Of many striking addressees made to
students graduating from college of late
there was one, not freely or generally
reported, which should not "be over
looked. The recently appointed Roman
Catholic bishop of the- clocese of Port
land, Me., Bishop O'Connell, an alumnus
of Bdston College, addressing the grad
uating class of that institution, Is re
ported in the Boston Pilot to have said
severe things against the elective sys
tem of education for which such schools
as Harvard. Columbia and Tale and our
more advanced state universities stand
pre-eminently. From a Roman Catholic
bishop that was to be expected. But
the critic went further. "There is a
false and perverted idea of education
abroad In the modern world, radically
Protestant and Teutonic," said he.
"This Ideal is material, worldly success.
The system fostered by this Ideal fash
Ions not men. but money machines. It
is fundamentally and essentially sordid
and utilitarian. The Teutonic civiliza
tion is in itself material. The Latin
civilization Is ideal, artistic "Whatever
of the immaterial has entered Into the
Teuton has come by contact with the
Latin. To one who knows the charac
teristics of both peoples, there cannot be
the shadow of a doubt as to the immeas
urable superiority of the southern peo
ples over the northern in everything
except physical force and money. To
redeem this country from the threaten
ing -danger of a barbarous ideal and
bring it back to a civilization that Is
ZRoman is a work to which each gradu
ate of a Catholic college may be ex
pected to lend his best energies."
Doubtless there Is an element of truth
here, but It Is too broadly and too dog
matically stated. The two qualities,
those of the Teutonic mind and those of
the Latin mind, are correctives of each
other. Each type of mind supples
necessary qualities that the other Jacks.
The northern mind demands freedom
of thought and action; the southern
mind yields to authority. The higher
morality that has checked the abuses
and corrected the errors of religion, or
the abuses and errors committed in Its
name; that has separated church and
state, and ha made conditions favor
able to political and religious freedom,
has cqme almost wholly from the Teu
tonic or northern spirit; and upon the
Latin or southern spirit this Influence
las reacted with most beneficent effect.
At the same time it is unquestionable
that from the south has come a soften
ing spiritual influence indispensable to
the progress of a higher civilization.
The indictment of the north, that "it
"is superior to the south only In physical
force and money. Is an exaggeration;
for ideals so. dissimilar as those of the
north and south cannot well be com
pared. They can merely be contrasted.
These things are in the natures of differ
ent peoples, each of whom is shocked
by the other's. Immoralities, while in
different toJt own. Our bishop In
veighs, againstphysical force and ma
terial wealth; but in fact ihese alsb argi
indispensable agents and Instruments
of moral progress. The nations that are
poorest In physical force and material
wealth -are by no means richest in moral
ideals and high purposes.
To these remarks we must add a
statement by the Boston Transcript It
Is a singular fact, says that paper, that
at the present time the pontiff at Rome
ehpuld .be receiving far more generous
treatment political and financial from
Germany, Great Britain and the United
States than from France, Italy or Spain;
and that the Roman church has the
most security of property and greatest
peace of mind, and least organized op
position of voters and their representa
tives in National Legislatures In pre
cisely those countries which stand for
the principle of Individualism in mat
ters religious and educational, which
Bishop O'Connell as a loyal churchman
must condemn. In France men who
are nominally Catholics are strictly
limiting' the holdings "of, the' monastic
orders, and In not a few cases strip
ping them of their wealth. At the same
momenl Protestant officials of the Gov
ernment of the United States in the
Philippines are negotiating at Rome
upon upon the price to be paid for the
withdrawal of the monastic orders from
fhe Philippines. France confiscates;
we -are "negotiating at the Vatican on
a basis far from confiscation. "Which
power uses the rougher hand in this
ase?
The City of 'Liverpool Is going further
in the direction of "paternalism" than
even Glasgow, or any other 'large dity
of the world. Liverpool owns Its water
WQrks. operates Its street-cars and sup
plies electric light and power. It has
oha of th larirps nubile bath Evstems I
in the country, and is about to build a
Turkish bath. It provides public laun
dries in the poorer districts, furnishes
flowers and plants for windows In the
slums, and sells sterilized milk at cost
It has a salaried organist to prfcvlde mu
elc, gives municipal lectures and con
certs, and has a technical school and an
art school, besides a college which it Is
now planning. But its greatest municipal
undertaking has been to buy up and
clear away the slums, replacing unsan
itary dwellings with model tenements.
This plan, which is to extend over
twelve years. Involves doing away with
no less than 22,000 old dwellings and
replacing them with a type of building
containing rooms within the pecuniary
means of the very poor, and equipped
with such conveniences as hot water
and penny-ln-the-slot gas meters. Con
sul Boyle, of Liverpool, reports to the
Department of Stae at "Washington
that the capital Invested In municipal
undertakings in Great Britain has risen
from f465.000.000 in 1875 to $1,500,000,000
lq 1900, and probably to one-third as
much again at the present time.
THORNS FROM BRAMBLES.
Major Gardener, whose accusations
against American soldiers In the Phil
ippines were so extensively exploited
in Congress and are now in process of
investigation at Manila, is ill and on the
verge of a nervous collapse, owing to
the strain of the proceedings and It Is
no wonder. Major Gardener complains
bitterly of the position In which he has
been placed and he has a right to com
plain. Note the train of circumstances
of which the Major is a victim.
Last February the "Wax Department
at "Washington received a report from
.Governor Taft, inclosing Major Gar
dener's complaints. The Major gave
credence to certain reports, viz.: That
the regular troops that succeeded the
volunteers failed fqr three months to
scout or patrol the country; that the
regular troops, during the Fall of 1901,
burned a number of barrios; that cer
tain United States troops, coming from
San Pablo, tortured a native with the
water cure; that the commanding offi
cer at Lagulmanoc during the Summer
of 1901 tortured or maltreated a native
boy; that a detachment of soldiers sta-
J tloned at Candelarla looted a store, took
a pony away from a peaceful citizen,
forcibly took possession of a house for
a smallpox hospital, and afterward
burned it; that First Lieutenant Catlln
struck with his fist natives of Lucana
Tor failing to take their hats off to him,
and compelled by threats a native to
deal cards for him, and that he kept
In the guardhouse for three days a na
tive, without food or wafer; that a party
of soldiers attacked with pistols three
natives working on the road near Lu
cana; that certain soldiers belonging lb
1 a troop of cavalry stationed in Tayabas
pueblo mistreated Ave wbmen of that
town.
This complaint of Gardener's was con
fidential for Governor Taft's informa
tion and for the department's informa
tion. Taft considered It confidential, so
did Secretary Root. It was not made
public, because it consisted of hearsay
charges against the American officers in
the Philippines, who were entitled to
be heard before being condemned. The
thing to do with the complaint was to
refer It back to General Chaffee for in
vestigation and with Instructions fof
the punishment of all who Were found
guilty of the acts charged. This was
done. There the matter rested and
would have rested but for certain move
ments in Congress. The agitation there,
which resulted in the publication of the
Gardener report, and the Investigation
now pending at Manila are well known.
The result is that upon Investigation
Major Gardener Is unable to sustain
his accusations. He cannot find the
native who was compelled to deal cards.
He cannot find the boy whose pony was
stolen. He cannot produce the witnesses
to Lieutenant Catlln's cuffing of certain
natives because, they did not take off
their hats. He has learned since he
made his report that the barrios were
burned for a good reason. He has
learned also that the charges against
Lieutenant Catlln had been inquired
Into and that the Lieutenant had been
reprimanded by the proper authorities.
Since the inquiry began he has heard
testimony which he presumes to be true
and which, had he heard It before,
might have caused him "materially to
alter his report." He complains bitterly
that liis report was confidential and
should not have been published, and it
is evident he has basis for the com
plaint. The- Immediate instrument through
which ' the publication of Major Gar
dener's confidential report and his pres
ent humiliation and distress were com
passed Is General Miles. He it was who
based his application for service in the
Philippines upon a certain report, un
known to the public up to the moment of
his writing, described by him as "such
Information as is conveyed In the letter
of Governor "William H. Taft, addressed
to the Honorable Secretary, dated at
"Washington, February 7, 1902." This
was the Gardener report; and though
the Secretary of "War, In answer to a
resolution, explained that Major Gar
dener's report had been sent on Febru
ary 19 to General Chaffee with lnstruc
tlonsrto investigate the charges, and If
.they were found true to apply the
necessary disciplinary measures and to
make a full report of the Investigation,
the Senate and House called for the cor
respondence, and Major Gardener's re
port, regarded by him. Governor Taft
and the Secretary of "War as confiden
tial, was published. General Miles had
eet in motion the forces that meant
nothing short of Major Gardener's Hu
miliation and distress.
It will be seen that Major Gardener
stands acquitted of a considerable share
of the blame for his own unenviable
fate. If he heard these stories, it was
perhaps natural, and certainly It Is ex
plicable, that he should have drawn
them to the attention of Governor Taft
and indirectly that of the War Depart
ment. He meant his letter to be confi
dential, and as a confidential report
which .his superiors could In their dis
cretion ignore or investigate, it is not
a grievous offense. It acquired mischief
only when it was dragged to the light
of publicity and when" Its hearsay
charges were trumpeted about as truth
and utilized as the basis for denuncia
tion of the Army. Those who know
General Miles will similarly acquit him
of any large measure of responsibility
for the episode. It Is true he was the
instrument of the Army's aspersion, but
he was the Instrument, not the princi
pal agent. Miles is a brave man, but
vain of temperament and superficial of
thought He was used by others. He
was accessory to a most discreditable
and, as It turns out, humiliating ex
ploit but he Is not the chief offender.
The Gardener episode, including Gen-
J era! Miles' part la n attack xm the
Army and Gardener's own unhappy
plight-from which he now bitterly com
plains, is but andther count in the long
and damning indictment of antl-lmperi-allsm;
nt that devoted band of states
,men who- have displayed their Wisdom
In chasing one after another rainbow
of Impossibilities Jind their patriotism in
trying to make their country's causa
ridiculous and unsuccessful. Rarely
.have sarcasm and venom, Pharisaism
and vlndlctlveneas been marshaled with
such indefatigable purpose as in this
four years' effort t& make the worse
appear the better cause. They persuad
ed McXinley to refrain from suppress
ing the Flilpinb insurrection and then
complained that It wasn't suppressed.
They have encouraged the insurgents to
continue their struggles and then chlded
the American forces because the strug
gles were continued. Upon them is the
responsibility for Gardener's rise and
fall, for the ebullitions of Miles, for the
delay of peace, for whldh they clamored,
the while they did everything possible
to strengthen the rebellion and hamper
our own forces. The harvest that now
rewards them is the logical sequel of
their tortuous course and perverse am
bitions. They reap what they have
sown.
POLICY OF PRUDEXCE.
The Government is planning very
properly to "begin easy" In the work of
reclaiming arid lands under the new
Irrigation law. "We say very properly
because all Irrigation work on a large
scale must as yet be essentially experi
mental In Its character. The scientific
advisers of the Government, mindful of
the limits of demonstrated knowledge
In these matters, have steadily coun
seled a go-sldw policy in opposition to
the boomers who have sought to start
out dramatically with some great pro
ject; and the determination of the de
partment to take up small works first Is
the assurance that these prudent coun
sels have prevailed.
Irrigation is almost as old as agricul
ture, but with a single famous excep
tion an exception whose methods have
yielded nothing to practical science It
has been pursued always upon a limited
and domestic scale. Even In this domes
tic practice a great deal has been de
monstrated. Tle Italian peasant has
much to teach the American In the
methods of applying Irrigation water,
but there are very simple limits to his
knowledge. He knows nothing about
any system too big or too complicated
for domestic handling. And nobody else
knows much more. Every engineer, of
course, has a theory or a half-score of
them, but the engineer who has created
a great and successful Irrigation sys
tem under difficult and complicated con
ditions does not exist. Important works
have been built In this state. In "Wash
ington, in Arizona, and particularly In
California, but none of them on a very
great scale or under conditions offering
anything very serious in the way of a
hazard or a problem. And, what Is
more, no one of ther-systems thus, far
created is to be named as an
example of supreme or unquali
fied success. In Bhort, irrigation on
a great scale Is a new thing; and
while it Is not theoretically a very diffi
cult thing. Its demonstrations . are yet
to be made. The department la ex
tremely wise to recognize this fact and
to prbceed with small and relatively
simple undertakings before launching
out upon great projects.
Practically, there Is bound to be diffi
culty In reserving lands to be specific
ally benefited by the Operations of the
Government from the hands of the spec
ulator. In one way or another the
plans of the Irrigation bureau are bound
to get out and nothing can be more
certain than that ,the lands in the way
of being redeemed will get, not into the
hands of settlers, but of speculators who
will turn the bounty of the Govern
ment to private account Of course,
watered lands In the hands of speculat
ors are better than arid lands worth
lees to anybody for any purpose, but it
will hardly satisfy the purposes of Con
gress and xf the country if the grand
National irrigation project shall turn
out to be the, means of enriching a few
"sooners" while yielding- no advantage
at all to the "Western settler.
Of course. In the large gense, the whole
matter is an experiment "Whether it
Will come to anything of National or
of local advantage Is yet to be deterr
mined. And, this being the fact, It Is
wise indeed that the first operations un
der the law are to be of a moderate and
experimental kind. If we are to make a
failure In this matter and success Is
very farfrom being assured we would
better do It In a small than in a large
way.
"WmATGROWERS' PROSFERlTT.
The heavy rains of the past week,
while damaging small frultB and Fourth
of July finery to a certain extent, were
of Immense Value to the large crop of
cereals now nearly ready for the sickle.
Labor troubles In the cities may
frighten timid capital into retirement
close manufacturing establishments and
generally demoralize business In cer
tain lines, but with ah annually Increas
ing yield of wheat in territory tribu
tary to this city, nothing can check
the growth of trade, even- though its
dimensions be modified by the troubles
mentioned. The farmers of Oregon,
Washington and Idaho have enjoyed
five years of good crops, and are now
almost certain of a sixth crop which
in eize and quality promises to equal if
not excel any of the others. The hot
winds which are always expected and
feared In the latter part of June or early
In July were this, year supplanted by
liberal showers and a low temperature,
which enabled the headB of the wheat
to fill to the limit, and the light lands
will again demonstrate their wonderful
productiveness under favorable circum
stances. The five good crops at fair prices have
placed the wheatgrowers of the Pacific
Northwest In comparatively easy clr
6"umstances. In fact, some of them have
become wealthy within that brief
period. Poor renters who began life in
the Northwest by farming on shares or
by paying rent on reservation lands
have been enabled to buy their own
farms and are now Independent and In
a position to make the most of the op
portunities afforded by another big crop
at good prices. Not only are the wheat
growers favorfed with climatic condi
tions which have insured a full yield,
but there are many other features of the
butdness that are especially favorable
to them.
The foreign markets are firm, with
statistics very favorable for higher
prices. Ocean freight rates to Europe are
from 6 cents to 10 cents per bushel lower
than they were a year ago, and all of
this difference Is added to the price of
wheat Five years ago the best that
could be expected .from such a comblna-
tion of good circumstances was thfe
llqu'datlon of long-standing debts on the
part of some of the farmers. Two years
later most of the debts had been paid,
and new houses, barns, machinery, etc.,
were becoming plentiful. Last year the
debts were practically all' paid, new
farms had been purchased for cash, and
most of the farmers had money in the
banks. The crop of wheat now Indi
cated in the three states Is worth at
present prices very close to $25,000,000.
This enormous sum. or the greater part
of it at least, will be distributed among
men already rich or In comfortable cir
cumstances, and that It will find Its
way Into the channels 6f trade much
more easily than In former years Is an
assured fact
Among farmers, "of course, as well as
among all other classes of laborers or
producers, there are a few on whom for
tune never seems to smile, but this sea
son their number will be small. Strikes
In the city have reduced the surplus of
cash which the laboring men might
have had to spend this Fall and "Win
ter, but the damage In this direction
will be remedied to a large extent by
the Increased prosperity of the farming
classes, and as everything which bene
fits the farmer has a corresponding ef
fect on the tradesmen In the cities,
Portland and other Coast ports are cer
tain of a prosperous Fall and "Winter
trade.
Agulnaldo Is not content to be free of
legal restraint He now fears harm
from his own people, and would like
Government protection. There's the
spectacle of a patriot for you, of a man
conscious of the righteousness of his
cause and rectitude of his own efforts
to serve his fellows! Think of a George
"Washington skulking about by night in
order .to avoid contact with the people
Whose fetters he was striking off!
Agulhaldd Is properly assured that he
will have the freedom and protection of
any pther citizen, and he cringes under?
a smiting conscience and Is consumed
with fear. Is any Incidental light shed,
by the way, on the "Washlngtonlan
character of the Tagals. With whom our
aritl-Istic friends have been so violently
enamored? "What could Aggie have to
fear from the Adamses and Jeffersons
with whom he has been associating?
If proof were forthcoming, or if even
it Were apparent in the appearance of
the populace and the streets that the
people of Portland are the cleanest on
earth, the consumption of 300 gallons of
water per capita dally by our citizens
would still Scarcely be accounted for.
The truth of the matter Is that, as
water consumers, as In many other
things, we are sad wastrels. The con
venient faucet panders to a happy-go-lucky
disposition, aided perhaps by the
universal desire to get as much as pos
sible for the money paid out even
though the excess is without benefit
The management of the Chautauqua
at Gladstone Park, near Oregon City,
has secured an unusually attractive and
Important programme for this year's
assembly, which begins its sessions on
Tuesday of this week. The social, educa
tional and amusement features of these
annual gatherings are deservedly ac
quiring increasing interest among the
people of the state, and the outlook this
year la of more than ordinary value and
desirability. The Oregonlan hopes the
Chautauqua will prove. a financial as
well as an educational success.
, Under the Incentive of a rising mar
ket for the products of the hopfielda
the "Willamette Valley win no doubt re
ceive attention from growers that bar
ring an unusual combination of un
toward circumstances, will Insure a
good yield. The phenomenal years In
the earlier history of the hop Industry
In Oregon, wherein fortunes were made
in hops, are recalled by the fact that",
with the vines not yet beyond he tops
of the poles, buyers are In the field mak
ing contracts at from 124 to 16 cents a
pound.
Just what many persons have long
been looking for appears In the descrip
tion a local gambling proprietor gives of
his late activities. A gambling-house
where no man with a family dependent
on him for support and no man under
the Influence of liquor Is allowed should
be permitted to run by unanimous con
sent Amnesty In the Philippines is the best
possible evidence of peace. The "War
Department would not thus empty the
prisons if it knew the released persons
would render civil government precari
ous. Roosevelt might properly be styled,
and -perhaps will be known to history,
as the preaching President Nobody
will complain, however, so long as he
continues to practice what he preaches.
The way Constable Chllders did his
duty at La Grande yesterday Is calcu
lated to discourage the ex-convict Indus
try. "We need more officers of his nerve
and efficiency.
Shouldn't the battle-ships Oregon and
"Wisconsin be sent to sea before Tracy
captures them and declares war on the
United States?
Fnbllc SwlnimlxiK Hatha.
Boston Herald.
We print in another column a letter
In regard to the public swimming baths
Of Boston. This letter was called out
by a recent editorial in the Herald in
regard to the resolve of the New York
Board of Education to add lesaons in
swimming to the public school course.
We can assure our correspondent that
we fully realize the benefits which the
people of the City of Boston obtain from
our public baths, and we agree with him
that this Is one of the best paying Invest
ments that the city makes. We also
called attention to the fact that there
were swimming instructors provided for
our public baths, but we believe that
there are no regularly organized swim
ming classes, and this was what we
suggested might be tried here if the
New York scheme proved a success.
Tho establishing of a class might easily
Influence bathers to do their best to be
come accomplished swimmers where
they would not take tho same pains as
Individuals. Boston Is far ahead of New
York In the matter of these public
swimming baths, and the fact that our
correspondent brings out that nearly
5.000.000 of bathers used the public baths
last year shows how popular this muni,
clpal enterprise Is. But there are still
a number of boys that attend the Boston
public schools who are unable to swim
well, and If the formation of swimming
classes would remedy this the attempt
would be well worth the making.
The Only "Way.
St4Loui3 Globe-Democrat.
Cleveland says Bryan Is not a Demo
crat, and Bryan Insists that Cleveland Is
not a Democrat Hill wears a sign an
nouncing that he is a Democrat which
seems to be the only safe, course- under
Jjirescjit circumstaacst.
OUR WATER RESOURCE.
A statement made In this, column a few
days back to the effect that the dally con
sumption of water In Portland Is now
practically equal to the full capacity of
the Bull Run conduit has. It appears, cre
ated general surprise. The common Idea
has been that the Bull Run works are
equal to any demand, and that there is
water in Portland bdth to use and to
waste. It Is this universal notion that
tho supply is without limit that has run
our dally per capita water consumption
up to the unreasonable average of SOO gal
lons, and which already works to Its full
capacity a system calculated to supply the
wants of a population of double or more
our present numbers.
There Is practically no limit as
to the general supply of water
available for Portland. Through pur
from4
chase of the riparian rights
the head works of the system In the
Bull Run "reserve to the point of junction
with the Sandy River, the water depart
ment controls absolutely the whole flow
of Bull Run River which at most times
of the year is very large, and which at
the very lowest as demonstrated by meas
urements by Engineer Clarke, averages
66.000,000 gallons dally. From this source
we are now drawing l.OW.000 gallons per
hour or 24.000.000 per day; and if by the
Creation of a duplicate pipe line we should
double this dally draught upon the stream
we should still be taking much less than
Its minimum flow. There Is no question
on the score of general Supply, the only
consideration being the cost of putting
In and maintaining another pipe line,
which ought not to be needed for many
years to come, and would not be If there
was reasonable or even half reasonable
care on the part of water consumers. The
cost of an extra pipe line would be In the
neighborhood of $235,000, possibly a little
less, possibly a little more, this being de
pendent upon the current price of the
steel plates front which the pipe Is made,
and of the labor required to transform
these plates into pipe. The original pipe
line cost vastly more than the amount
named, but the circumstances of construc
tion were wholly different The tunnels
and structures made for the first pipe
are sufficient In slso to carry another,
so there would be no expense on that
score. Of course, the addition of a sec
ond pipe line would add something to the
ordinary cost of the water system In con
nection with the accounts of Inspection,
materials, repairs, duplications, etc A
line of steel pipe, no more than any other
mechanical apparatus, takes care of Itself,
and every new mile added to the system
Increases to a greater or less extent
both the regular monthly payroll and the
regular monthly bill of supplies.
There are sound reasons In support of
the meter system which could not fall In
stantly to bring down the consumption of
water to something like reasonable lim
its. This has followed wherever the meter
has been Introduced. The most heedless
wasters of water all of a sudden turn fru
gal when the cost of their recklessness
and folly Is thrown upon themselves. The
usual method Is to establish a liberal
maximum say of 100 gallons per day per
capita at a fixed rate and to make an ex
tra charge for whatever may be used fn
excess of this amount It Is not believed
that ono family In a hundred would
ever have an excess account. The waste
is not, as a rule. In connection with the
domestic use of water, but In stables,
saloons and other places where water Is
consumed In large quantities and where
the. labor employed Is of an unintelligent
and heedless sort Still, many Instances
are found where fixtures are permitted-to
remain in a leaky condition and where
closets are allowed to run continuously
upon the theory that there Is an advan
tage In keeping them constantly flushed
a theory greatly encouraged by the fact
that water wasted costs the wasters noth
ing. Tho objections to the meter system are
chiefly on account of Its expense. It
would not cost less than J30O.O00 or $250,000
to equip the whole system with meters.
and It would add a good deal to the
monthly cost of operation. But in spite
of these objections the meter Is likely to
bo the Immediate solution of the difficulty.
At first at least it might not be necessary
to put a meter in every house, for by a
careful system of inspection habitual
Wasters of water could be "epotted," and
In every suspicious Instance the meter
test could be applied. This Is the policy
of the department now In a limited way,
and the addition to its resources of a few
thousand meterB could hardly fall to have
a good effect ;
The statement that there Is no need for
concern on the score of general water
supply Is subject to this limitation, name
ly, that it is true only so long as the Bull
Run watershed shall be maintained In Its
existing condition. Bull Run water Is
never "rollly," and the reason Is that It
comes from a watershed whose primeval
conditions have never been disturbed. If
its forests should be cut down, If a great
burn should run through It, If Us surface
should be broken up and corrupted by the
grazing of stock, we would not be ex
empt from muddy or at least clouded
water at special times. The condition es
sential to the continued purity and clean
liness of our water supply la the mainten
ance of the Bull Run reserve In a state of
absolute Isolation, protected against flres,
forest destroyers and sheep rangers. Of
these hazards, that of the sheepman Is the
most serious. Every year the demand for
"Summer range" becomes more urgent
It has overborne the Intent of the Govern
ment In the matter of the Cascade Moun
tain forest reserves, and It has now a
keen and hungry eye upon the virgin
area some 222,000 square miles of the Bull
Run reservation. Every season a fresh
assault upon this reservation Is made
through tho departments at Washington.
If It can bo gained by persuasion and per
sistence the sheepmen are bound to get It
The water department of Portland, It Is
needless to say. Is equally determined and
even more than equally vigilant, but it
has each season to make Its fight over
again. ,,
There ought -to be some way by which
this matter could be settled once and for
all. It Is ridiculous that Portland must
each year enter Into a new struggle for
the Integrity of her water supply, particu
larly In view of the fact that upon a full
presentment of all the conditions a reser
vation was made long ago for this express
purpose. There Is no serious danger that
we shall fall in any contest, for all the
forces of politics as well as of right are on
our side, but we ought to be free from an
annoyance which serves the bad purpose
each year of consuming time and making
useless expense.
Shikcspeare'B Infinite Availability-.
Boston Herald.
Mr. "Watterson impales Mr. Cleveland
on the spit and docs him to a turn, using
a bitter quotation from Shakespeare to
round up the process. There is another
quotation from the same author that Mr.
"Watterson might dwell upon with as'much
or even more profit It says: "Heat not a
furnace for youx S9Q. 8- ilOl that it do
5lP. YQlirseJJ."
LABORING WITH MR. BRYAN.
Henry Watterson In Louisville- Courier-Journal.
Mr. Bryan should for a momont lay
aside the scepter of party leadership ere it
slips from his grasp. He should put on his
thinking cap, and, having divested hls
mlnd of all surplusage of vanity, self-confidence,
pride of opinion, he should com
mune with himself. If ho should do this
his thoughts might perhaps take this
turn: "Although I am not President of the
United States, I have done fairly well for
a man of my yeara. I went to the Na
tional convention of 1SSS an Ill-paid news
paper writer and I came away Its nominee.
From, that day to this I have been a pop
ular idol. Money has come to me in suffi
cient quantity to make me Independent
and comfortable. If not affluent. I have
done my beat for an unprosperous cause
and have lost at least the concrete things
which appear to be the objective points
Jf not tne un(ierlylnS springs of political
activity. i oeneve mat irom nrst to last
I was right. I shall always think this. But
I agree that there are more ways than
one for catching a rabbit, and, as It seems
that my way has not caught him, I will
let some one else try his1 way. I am a
constructive, not a destructive, and I will
not risk my popularity and Influence with
my own people nor wreck their future and
my future by breeding quarrels and mak
ing Issues. I will continue to help them
all I can. I will go to the next National
convention to help rebuild the fences, to
help mehd the breaches, to help bind up
and heal the wounds. I will go there with
love in my heart and smiles on my face,
and I will take off my hat to the boys and
I will say to them: 'I thank you for all
you have done for me, for all you have
been t6 me I may not be able wholly to
agree with you In everything that you
are Intending to do and to say but I am
with you heart and aoul, and I will go
with you, even if you go to perdition! "
That a In a nutshell the wisdom of Mr.
Bryan's situation. We think it Is also its
Integrity. It requires considerable self
denial, but no abasement; considerable
generosity, but no renunciation. We know
all about what may be said on tho. other
side and by way of rebuttal. There Is a
good deal to be said, too. Mr. Bryan
should disdain it. lie should rise above
It In the great affairs of life, and these
are supremely great affairs, since they
may Involve the destinies of a nation, the
crown of glory comes to the unselfish
hero who forgets his own griefs, who
scorns revenges, who makes sacrifices; as,
lo, the history of the world, from Christ
on Calvary to Lee at Appomattox!
Mr. Bryan haB a great opportunity be
fore him. Admiring his talents, respecting
his character, agreeing with him In many
things wholly appreciating tho peculiar
personal aspects which environ his excep
tional relation to public affairs and public
men we address him as an older, not a
better. Democrat; reminding him that as
there were brave men before and after
Agamemnon, so there shall be Democrats
when he and the poor writer of these Im
perfect lines havo had their fling and
hied them where the thistles blow!
PRAISE OF MVIN'G MEX.
President Eliot's Reading of Some
Harvard JlonorarlcS.
World's Work.
President Eliot's happy description of
men upon whom Harvard confers hon
orary degrees has long been famous. Here
are some of them:
The late William T. Sampson, Rear Ad
miral of the United States Navy An of
ficer foreslghted. forearmed, ready at
every point, the American expert In high
command.
Arthur T. Hadley, president of Yale
Teacher and scholar, president of Yalo
University, heir of her strong traditions,
prophet of her upward career.
T. B. Aldrich, poet Man of letters, es
sayist story-teller and poet; at home In
wide fields of the Imagination.
Booker Tf Washington, principal of
Tuskegee Institute Teacher; wise helper
of his race; good servant of God and coun
try. Alexander Graham Bell, Inventor of the
Bell telephone Inventor, worker of every
day miracles, who taught the deaf to see
Speech, and enabled the listening ear to
hear the human voice 1000 miles.
General Leonard Wood, late Governor of
Cuba Harvard doctor of medicine, Army
surgeon, single-minded soldier, life-saver,
restorer of a province.
Jules Cambon, Ambassador to the Unit
ed States from France Ambassador of
France, In whom we salute a great na
tion, once New England's foe, then the thir
teen colonies' ally, now comrade in the In
cessant struggle to achieve the diffused
intelligence and character whereupon rest
republican Institutions.
The late Sir Julian Pauncefote, British
Ambassador to the United States English
Ambassador-, welcome representative of
the country from which America has de
rived its best stock, its most serviceable
habits of thought and its ideals of pub
lic liberty and public Justice.
The Earl of Aberdeen, late Governor
General 01 Canada Representing here to
day England's greatest achievement, ex
cept English liberty, a beneficent colonial
policy.
Augustus St. Gaudens, sculptor A
sculptor whose art follows, but ennobles
nature, conlers fame and lasting remem
brance, and does not count the mortal
years It takes to mold memorial forms.
Things Miners Mlgrbt Have Said.
Springfield (Mass.), Republican.
There are some things to be said of
railroad corporations which the miners
do not say in their statement. The cor
porations are and have been notoriously
acting In contravention of law. They
break the law when they add to the busi
ness of a common carrier that of coal
mining, and It Is none the les3 unlawful
when done Indirectly through a nomlnally
Independent but really subsidiary -coal
corporation. They break the law when
they charge absurdly high and unreason
able rates for carrying coaL-rates that
exceed these charged for freight of the
highest class and that are three or four
times as high as rates on bituminous coal.
And they break the law when they com
bine to regulate production, limit the out
put and establish prices on a complete
monopoly basis. Moreover, they have
been privileged to monopolize for private
profit a limited and invaluable store of
nature.
There Are Tvro Slorfcans.
Boston Herald.
Senator Morgan, of Alabama, ought to
be reasonably happy. "Whichever route
across the Isthmus Is finally taken. Sen
ator Spooner allows that the ancient Ala
bama Senator's name will stand in his
tory as that of the father of the canal.
It will thus bo necessary for the future
historian to point out that there have
been two Morgans J. P. and J. T.
The One "White Hal?.
"Walter Savage Landor.
The wisest of the wise
Listen to pretty lies
And love to har them told;
Doubt not that Solomon
LlsUn'd to many a one
Some In his youth, and more when he grew old.
I never was amons
The choir of Wisdom's sons.
But pretty lies lov'd I
As much as any Kins.
"When yxmth waa on the wins.
And (must lt then be told?) when youth had
quite gone by.
Alas! and I have not
The pleasant hour forsot
When one pert lady said,
"O Walter! I am quite
Bewildered with affright! '
I see (?It qultt now) & white hair on your
head!"
Another more benlsn
Snlpp'd It away from mine.
And in her own dark hair
Pretended it wrcs found. ...
She leap'd and twlrl'd It raund . . .
Fair as she was, she never was so fair'
' NOTE AND COMMENT.
It never rains' but It pours.
Better begin building your ark.
Mount Pelee ought to have been Included
In the geneial amnesty.
It Is time to stop laughing at Tracy
and begin to shoot at him.
King Edward might be worse, but A.
Austin's coronation cde couldn't be.
Our ball club Is determined to be sensa
tional. Every now and then It wins a
game.
King Alfonso holds the season corona
tion record, even If hlsi was not a bis
affair.
If the Fourth of July came Just before
the census It would save considerable
money.
No prostrations from the heat have been
reported so far,. In spite of the unusual
Summer.
The mackintosh 13 coming In rapidly as
the stylish garment for the Summer girl
to wear
Tracy apparently feels that It Is his duty
to kill for two, now that Merrill Is no
longer with him.
TVhy doesn't Richard Harding Davis
threaten to come home If the coronation
isn't held earlier?
Agulnaldo might come over here and
look for Tracy, If he wants td prove that
he Is really a brave man.
The advertl3oments of the September
coronation will probably road: "Money
refunded In case of postponement."
General Funston is In Arizona. His ex
perience In the Philippines has made him
brave enough to go Into any country.
Seattle is the city where the people con
gregated In the streets and railed at Ore
gon Sheriffs tor letting the convicts slip
through their fingers.
General Miles delivered a Fourth of July
oration in Philadelphia, and Is looking for
dynamite bombs In every letter ho gets
from the War Department.
The following curious political advertise
ment appeared the other day in the Hous
ton (Tex.) Times:
Vote for
A. N. (BUD) FITZGERALD
for
Justice of the Peace. Precinct No. 1.
This Is my rule: :
To change the location of the :
Court that I take Charge of. :
should I be Elected, thereby :
change the surroundings in order :
to elevate It to its proper dignity :
belonging to court of trial, to :
keep order and to decido in all :
caies without special favor to :
any one. :
Among the famous men who were for a
brief term cadets at West Point were Ed
gar A. Poe, the poet; Matt H. Carpenter,
the eminent lawyer and statesman of Wis
consin, and James McNcal Whistler, the
celebrated painter. Whistler remained
three years at the academy. The Army
and Navy Journal gives the following cu
rious story why he did not pass his ex
amination: "The subject given him In
chemistry to discuss before the academic
board was 'Silica,' which constitutes 8
per cent of the solid matter of our earth.
Whistler, it was said, In perfect Innocence
of the subject, but with his characteris
tically charming manner, described silica
as an 'elastlo gas,' or a "sapOnlfiable fat.'
The ydung ladles in the audience Smiled
approval, but the stern academic board
dispensed with Whistler's further valua
ble services at the military academy."
Vice-President Uhle of the New York &
Chicago Road Association, lately formed
to make the proposed 850-mlle highway
between New York and Chicago a reality,
is quoted In the Philadelphia Evening
Telegraph as follows:
Tho ground for the highway has been looked
over and, In a general way, wo know where
our difficulties will be and wherein we will be.
aided. I believe that within three or four
years a grand trunk highway between Xew
YOrk and Chicago will bo in accomplished
fact. The Highway Alliance and the League
of American Wheelmen are co-operating
heartily with the Now York and Chicago Road
Association.
State Engineer Bond, of New York
state, calculates that 12o0 miles of first
class highway can be built for $10,000,000.
The New York-Chicago road would not
cost more than half of this amount, inas
much as there are now between the two
cities from 3C0 to 400 miles of good road
way, which it is Intended to include in
the new trunk route.
If reports are true, the cupidity of Post
masters Is now undergoing the test of a
clever device In the old familiar green
goods line, originated In New York and
worked from Jersey City to Chicago.
The dupes are second, third and fourth
class Postmasters, Who dare not complain
to the authorities, which Is a feature of
the subtle Ingenuity of the plan. It is
stated that within six months more than
a thousand Postmasters have been swin
dled out of sums ranging from $220 to $1000
.each. Only Postmasters are Invited to
participate, and they are offered counter
felt stamps manufactured from the unde
stroyed plates of the Government undls
tingulshable Irom the genuine.' When the
rendezvous Is reached all the old-fashioned
bunko games of substitution, etc., which
have been repeated In green-goods enter
prises for a generation, are practiced, and
the credulous Postmaster retires from the
scene a heavy loser, with no one to pity
him should he dare make known the de
tails of his discomfiture.
m
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Agreed. Edna He's Just crasy to marry mo!
Mai He must be. Philadelphia Bulletin.
Pikes How can a mountain know whn ta
echo? SIkes Perhaps it has mountain ears.
Harvard Lampoon.
Father Well. mV son, what did you learn at
school today? Little Proctor Not to sass Tom
my McNutt! Chicago Dally News.
What Is Absolutely Safe. Grymes Presence
of mind Is a great thing In a time of danger.
Isn't it? Gobang Ye. But absence of body Is
preferable. Town and Country.
Wnat Worried Him. Cousin Madge So you
were 'n love! And did she return your love?
3ertle No, and worse still, she didn't return
any of the presents I gave her. Brooklyn Life.
"Bessie." said her mother, "did you peel your
apple as I told you to do before eating It?"
'Tos, mother." replied Bessie. "And what did
ou do with the peel?" "Oh, X ate that after
wards." Tlt-Blts.
The Sower. "But. father." replied the erring
son, "you know every young fellow has to sow
his wild oats." "Ye3." answered the father,
'but you ought to know when you have a big
enough crop In." Ohio State Journal.
His Experience. "What we need most In this
country." said the political reformer, "Is an
hgnest count." "They ain't jut such thing."
declared Mr. Nurltch. "I know all about 'em.
for my daughter married one." Philadelphia
Prese.
Elbow Power. "I tell you." said the doctor,
"it's the roan who can puh himself along that
iucceeda best In this world." "Not at all."
piled the profcosor. "It's the man who can
ihovo others out of his way that succeeds
1 sest." Chlcazo Tribune.