N
THE MORNING UKEGONIA, MONDAY, JUNE
U905
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GENERAL WOOD'S IXDISCRETIOX.
There seems to be no doubt that Gen
eral Leonard Wood, while In charge of
American interests at Havana, paid out
of the Cuban treasury ome thousands
of dollars for the purpose of influencing
sentiment in the United States favora
bly toward Cuban reciprocity. F. B.
Thurber, well known as a professional
lobbyist, has testified that he received
money from this source in payment for
services rendered, and General Wood
practically admits the fact In his public
statement that he is not ashamed of
anything he has done.
Nobody will believe that General
Wood has done an Intentional wrong;
and certainly nobody will suspect him
of being the .gainer by so much as a
single illegitimate penny through this
or any other operation In Cuba. Never
theless, a wrong" has been done, and
General "Wood is responsible for it; and
it is not made right by the fact that
he is not ashamed xf it. General Wood
has fallen Into an error common to men
of high moral purposes, of profound
sympathies and of deficient experience
in practical life; he has committed a
blunder which, though It can hardly be
said to reflect upon his personal in
tegrity, must stamp him as a man lack
ing in discretion and in a delicate sense
of propriety.
On the whole, there need be no sur
prise over this incident, because it is
precisely what might have been ex
pected under the circumstances. Gen
eral Wood is not a "practical man."
He is purely a professional man doubly
bo. Indeed, since he Is at once a doctor
and a saldier and wholly without ex
perience" In practical and responsible
life. His selection for the Cuban Gover
norship was wholly a personal matter.
It was due directly to the influence of
Mr. Roosevelt with President McKin
ley, and it grew primarily out of his
(Roosevelt's) personal friendship and
appreciation of Wood's really fine char
acter. On the whole, it was probably a
good choice. Wood has certainly held
a good course with the Cuban people.
for he has gained and retained their
friendship for the United States; and if
his policy has been one of great cost to
the United States, we have not felt the
burden. But from the start there has
been too much "guff" about General
Wood. His personality, including his
very gentlemanlike and strictly modest
vanities, have been too much in evi
dence. His policies have somehow
tended to exploit the man quite as much
as his work, to the creation of a per
sonal and paternal system in Cuba
rather than toward the development of
an independent and self-reliant spirit
For these reasons, we repeat, there
needbeno surprise over the Thurber dis
closures. What has happened or some
thing like it was what was bound to
happen under the confusion of Ideas cer
tain to develop In a mind like that of
General Wood under the conditions in
which he has been placed. His lapse of
judgment is precisely like that so com
monly witnessed when the business af
fairs of a church or a school are put
into the hands of some well-meaning
clerical innocent with no experience of
business and with no capacity to de
termine where hfs rights and duties as
an Individual leave off and where his
limitations as an agent and trust-holder
begin. Our local history is filled with
Instances illustrating this principle of
Incapacity and frailty. It Is only a lit
tle while back that a group of the best
men in this or any other country made
a dreadful business mess at University
Park; and it was no great while before
that painful incident that the profes
sional body at Forest Grove paid up
thelr.arrearages of salary and generally
fixed up the coHege grounds out of a
solemnly Intrusted endowment fund
all, of course, in the sweetest spirit of
business Innocence.
Where financial trusts are involved
there is but one sound rule, and that Is
to employ men of business habit and of
trained as well as sentimental Integ
rity. Your nice man with no acquaint
ance with affairs, and without the ca
pacity which comes only with training
and experience to judge between his Im
pulses and his responsibilities, will four
times out of five In perfect Innocence
do some wrong or foolish thing.
Fortunately, in the case of General
Wood the indiscretion is a trifling mat
ter. Nobody will be harmed by it The
only -serious regret is that a. man really
worthy Qfresgept tand whq jtaadon a
a large public service eminently well
must suffer the consequence due to Indiscretion.
A PROFOUND LESSON.
W. W. McFarland, writing in the En
gineering Magazine, declares that Cer
vera's fleet would probably have es
caped had it not been for the ineffi
ciency of its engineera They should
have known how the American ships
were equipped and what their capabili
ties were; and with such resources as
they had they should have been able to
turn the American weak points to ad
vantage and make a far better flight
than they did. If the men in the engi
neers' rooms of the two fleets had been
exchanged if Cervera's engineers had
been in the American ships and if the
American engineers had been in the
Spanish ships, there is no question that
the bulk of the fleet, if not all of it,
would have gotten away. The last hope
of the Spanish Nation was lost, and Its
whole naval force destroyed, because at
a critical moment there was lacking the
simple element of mechanical compe
tence. And this fatal deficiency was no acci
dent; It was no mere unfortunate per
sonal chance. On the other hand, it
was and is a typical fact a fact char
acteristic of the modern Spanish race.
And It proceeds from the medieval cast
and attitude of the Spanish mind and
character. During the past two centur
ies, while the modern world has been
giving Its thought and energies to in
dustrial progress and to the develop
ment of mechanical forces, Spain has
stubbornly and stupidly held to her mil
itary tradition and to her reactionary
and paralyzing superstitions. She has
rejected innovation, resented the ad
vances of progress, scorned the motives
and the arts of modem industrial life.
In opposition to the spirit of the age she
has persisted in exalting the soldier
and the churchman, and in despising
the engineer and the mechanic And,
ambitious though she has been for mili
tary power, she has held in contempt
the mechanical forces essential to mili
tary success under modern conditions.
Aspiring to command of the ssas, she
Jbas not acquired the skill to create
warships of the modern type nor as
we have seen to operate them effect
ively. Spain has not been able to conceive
this fact, namely, that the competitions
of nations in this age and for the times
immediately to come are In the fields of
Industry and commerce; that the battles
of today and of the Immediate future
are to be fought out or wrought out in
engineering offices and workshops. She
cannot understand because she does not
wish to understand that the effective
strength of a people now lies more in
its economical and working powers than
In the fierce spirit which dominated the
world three centuries ago. She is
stricken with palsy and falling into de
caj because her consideration and re
spect are reserved for things outworn
while vital things are abandoned to neg
lect and contempt.
As the world stands today, that na
tion is the strongest which holds in
highest consideration the working
forces of modern life and whose genius
Is best calculated for their encourage
ment and maintenance. Princes and
lords and men-at-arms may make a
brave show, but to the eye gifted to
see things as they are, they are signs
of weakness rather than of power.
They may give a certain "dignity" to
a nation, but they do not contribute
to its real force. They are the emblems
of a greatness past, rather than the
signs of a greatness to come. They
waste rather than augment the powers
which they typify. Spain Is too far
gone to heed any warning; she is
joined to her Idols; her career must
march to its destined end of collapse
and disaster. But there is in her recent
history a profound lesson which ought
not to be lost on the more vital nations.
TRANS-PACIFIC TRAFFIC.
The volume of traffic, now being han
dled by steamers In the trans-Pacific
trade seems to warrant the generally
accepted belief of practical transporta
tion men that Mr. Hill's mammoth new
freighters will be obliged to run for a
few years in ballast trim. One of the
"Marus" operated in connection wlVh
the Great Northern Railroad recently
sailed from Seattle for the Orient with
less than 500 tons of freight aboard. A
Northern Pacific liner from Tacoma
sailed about the same time with but
950 tons of cargo. The Portland &
Asiatic liner Indravelll, which sails to
iriorrow, goes out with about 2000 tons
aboard, although she has a capacity of
SOOO tons, and the other steamers men
tioned are 6000-ton carriers. The in
ward cargo of the Indravelll consisted
of over 6000 tons, or about three-fourths
of her capacity, and that cargo had the
distinction of being the largest inward
cargo ever brought to a North Pacific
port.
Each of the mamomth freighters
which Mr. Hill expects to have in the
trans-Pacific trade next year has a
capacity for more freight in a single
trip than has been carried by all of the
liners running out of Portland, Seattle,
Tacoma and "Vancouver in the past
three months. In other words, it would
require three months to get together a
cargo for one ship, if all other lines and
all other steamers were withdrawn
from the field. The traffic for the
steamers now engaged in the business
is secured by as able a set of hustlers
as can be commanded by Mr. HI1L
These men are so hot on the trail of
business that a short time ago a half-
loaded Northern Pacific liner outward
bound was Intercepted at Port Town
send and brought back to Tacoma at an
expense of several hundred dollars to
take aboard a small consignment of
flour on which the rail rate from Port
land to Tacoma had been absorbed. If
these men are unable to secure cargo
for steamers of 5000 to 8000 tons capa
city, it will be interesting to note their
progress in filling vessels of more than
30,000 tons' capacity.
The size of the Hill steamers will also
prove a handicap. They can go to Se
attle and Tacoma, and under favorable
circumstances to San Francisco, and in
the Orient there are three or four ports
at which they can enter, and scores of
large ports where a big volume of busi
ness generates from which their size
will bar them. The smaller ports will
not pay tribute to the two or three big
ports where these steamers can run, and
there will always be plenty of vessels
of a handy commercial size to handle
this business direct, without the disad
vantages of trans-shipment to the two
or three big ports. Mr. Hill in hla
speeches has frequently alluded to the
enormous possibilities for develop
ment in the Oriental flour trade,
and yet the Portland millers, who
were the pioneers In that field, and their
follower ob wolL rATnKh!ajr.thU husLJ
ness to the limit. They have the plants
and the raw material for doubling and
trebling their annual output, Jf there
were a. market for the flour.
Hates have been cut at times with a
view to increasing the business, but
have had no effect whatever in that di
rection. The Orient will absorb a cer
tain amount of flour, cotton, lumber,
etc., and when the limit of demand is
reached will cease buying, and it will
become as difficult to provide two 30,000
ton steamers with freight as it now is to
All up ten 6000-ton carriers. Mr. Kill's
career is not marked by the mistakes
he has made, but there Is a string of
active transportation men all the way
from the Pacific to the Atlantic now
experiencing difficulty in filling 6000-ton
steamers, who will watch with interest
the process of accumulating 30,000-ton
cargoes with a sufficient degree of fre
quency and regularity to enable a con
venient sailing schedule to be maintained.
STRONG "WITH THE PEOPLE.
The Republicans of Oregon, of South
Dakota, of Kansas, have already passed
resolutions in convention emphatically
indorsing the Administration of Presi
dent Roosevelt. The resolutions of Kan
sas are expressed in language enthu
siastically favorable to the renomlna
tlon of Roosevelt, and the South Dakota
convention heartily approved his utter
ances at Arlington on Decoration day.
Chauncey Depew, a leading representa
tive of the railroad corporations, pre
dicts with confidence that Mr. Roosevelt
will be nominated to succeed himself
In 1904. Governor Van Sant, of Minne
sota, says that "in Minnesota'there is
but one sentiment, and that is for
Roosevelt in 1904," and predicts that he
"will be unanimously nominated by his
party and triumphantly elected." An
Idaho correspondent who believes that
public opinion Is so strongly with the
President that he is sure to be nomi
nated despite the hostility of "the mer
ger and trusts" writes The Oregonlan
that he "is old that public opinion does
not have the 'pull with the party man
agers that the trusts do," and asks The
Oregonlan for its opinion on the sub
ject. The Oregonlan believes that party
managers are always powerless against
public opinion when public opinion
chooses to assert ltsalf. In times of po
litical apathy and indifference party
managers have their way, but party
managers have always been powerless
to prevent the nomlnatfon of a resolute,
forceful man who had an aroused pub
lic opinion behind him. In 1824 Andrew
Jackson obtained a plurality when all
the party managers were against him,
when his name was received with ridi
cule on its first mention in connection
with the Presidency. Nevertheless Jack
son obtained a plurality of 50.000 votes;
he carried the country in 1S2S; he was
re-elected by the force of public opinion
In 1832; he refused to run for a third
term in 1836, but was able to dictate
the nomination of Van Buren as his
successor. Jackson owed nothing to
"party managers" for his election or his
re-election: he was forced upon the
party managers by an aroused public
opinion. During Jackson's administra
tion he constantly defied the so-called
party managers, and turned them down
so promptly that more than one of them
joined the ranks of the opposition.
Aroused public opinion made Harri
son President in 1840; he owed nothing
to party managers: Public opinion
forced General Taylor upon the party
managers in 1848, just as public opinion
forced the nomination of Grant upon
fhe party managers in 1868 in spite of
the fact that a very large number of the
leading Republican managers at the
East were anxious to nominate Chase.
Public opinion renominated Lincoln in
1864, despite the open or covert opposi
tion of Chase, Wade, Sumner, Gretley,
Henry Winter Davis, Thad Stevens and
many others. Public opinion forced the
second nomination of Grant, despite the
secession of Greeley. These were times
when public opinion cared to assert It
self. Public opinion may be said to
have nominated McKlnley in 1896, for
the party managers in the great states
of New York, Pennsylvania and Massa
chusetts were partisans of Mr. Reed.
The party managers did not want
Roosevelt nominated for Governor of
New York, but aroused public opinion
forced "Boss" Piatt to choose between
Roosevelt or defeat. The Western pub
lic opinion, not the party managers,
made Roosevelt Vice-President, and
Western public opinion will force the
party managers to renominate him.
President Roosevelt's great strength
Is like the strength of Jackson; it is
his personality, of which the Springfield
Republican, a vigorous enemy of his
Philippine policy, says that It "makes
him the strongest political 'accldency'
that has occupied the White House."
John Tyler was a man of ability and
force; his prompt defiance of Henry
Clay's attempt to whip him Into line
proved that, but John Tyler stood for
no appeal to popular sympathies; Mil
lard Fillmore was a man of ability, a
man of very handsome presence, a man
of dignity, but In popular sympathies
was as cold as a frog. Andrew Johnson
was hated by the party he repudiated,
and despised "by the Southern Democ
racy as a renegade. Arthur was a man
of ability, of attractive manners and
amiable temper, but he was too honor
able to use his great office to procure
bis nomination, and so he lost ft. But
Roosevelt is a man whose hands are
free. He sometimes lacks personal tact
and political discretion, and his man
ner not seldom is abrupt rather than
urbane, but the people care no more
about these infirmities of speech, tem
per and manner than they did about
those of Jackson. "General Jackson said
"By the Eternal," and Roosevelt says
"By Godfrey." The Western States are
for the President's renomlnatlon, not
because of his petty peculiarities, but
in spite of them. They believe "Roose
velt is at bottom a brave, honest man,
of quick sense of popular Justice; they
do not care anything about his pecu
liarities of speech or manner when they
remember his Arlington speech. Pub
lic opinion will take care of Roosevelt
in spite of the open or covert hostility
of the party managers.
In order to settle a contest for the
purchase of a certain tract of 2240 acres
of state land, the State Land Board
has advertised the tract for sale to the
highest bidder. According to law the
school land Is sold at the uniform price
of $1 25 per acre regardless of the
actual value. In the present instance
the land is said to .be worth $5 to $6
per acre. There has long been a need
of some more business-like method of
disposing of state lands, and it may be
that this first sale to the highest bidder
may suggest to the Legislature im-
provements that might be made Jn, the
law. .Th uniform price has this advan-
tage, that it places the land within the
reach of all upon exactly the same
terms, and the land is purchased as
rapidly as the development of the coun
try advances Its value to the legal price.
At" the same time, thousands of acres
have been sold at much less than actual
value, and in some cases, In years gone
by. It has seemed that certain classes
of persons have had an advantage in
making purchases. The law should not
permit any person to secure possession
of the plat of a new survey and gain
an advantage by filing his application
for purchase at the same time he files
the survey. This Is .rank favoritism.
The law should provide a reasonable
time after the filing of a survey plat,
within which all intending purchasers
may file their applications, and then
if there be more than one applicant, the
sale should be made to the highest bid
der. The constitution and the statutes
give the State Land Board almost ab
solute control of sales of school land,
and It would seem that this evil should
have been remedied long agd The
State Land Board has pursued a wise
course In this instance, and it is to be
hoped that the experiment will prove
advantageous.
How long will -the peace that was
patched up in China last year endure?
Evidences multiply that that overripe
agglomeration of families, tribes and
clans into a nominal empire has no In
herent stability, and that it is a ques
tion of only a little time when the gov
ernment will fall or burst in fragments.
But for the jealousies of the nations
China would have been righteously dis
membered last year. Its autonomy was
for the time preserved by pressure from
without, not by strength within. There
was room to doubt the wisdom of the
course then pursued by the great pow
ers, but expediency governed, as usual,
and It now holds that effete monarchy
across the path of progress In the Ori
ent. China will break up. It is not
strong enough to stand reconstruction.
It is too extensively honeycombed with
disloyalty and cupidity, and it is per
meated with that Ineradicable reverence
for the wooden traditions of the race
that makes reform Impossible. It may
be long before the outside pressure that
keeps China together will be removed.
But China is sure to be a scene of trou
bles until It shall lose identity even as
a fictitious empire and fall under the
domination of powers able to govern It.
Every fresh outbreak brings that day
nearer. .
President James J. Hill, of the Great
Northern Railway and the Northern Se
curities Company, expresses regret that
the State of Washington should have
gone out of Its way to attack his great
railroad "merger." He Is even resentful
and intimates in unmistakable terms
that the Great Northern would have
done much for that state by extending
lines and opening new territory but for
its movement in opposition to his pet
"trust." Whatever the relations of the
Northern Pacific and Great Northern
may be in Minnesota, President Hill Is
very positive In the opinion that they
are not competing lines in Washington.
And the pernicious activity of the state
officials to protect the interests of the
people of Washington Mr. Hill proposes
to punish by keeping the Great North
ern lines mere Unproductive stems In
that state. Is It possible that a great
railroad manager who would organize
vast combinations 1n the Interest of the
doar people could be so petulant and
revengeful; as Mr. Hill's recent inter
views reveal him? Can it be possible
that he is, after all, actuated by a de
sire for individual gain, as most other
human creatures are?
The coronation chair, soon to be used
again In Westminster Abbey, after the
lapse of sixty-five, years. Is a huge,
clumsy, wooden structure, plain to pos
itive ugliness supported at the four
corners by the BrItIsh-'lIoncouchant.
Underneath the seat is fitted the coro
nation stone, famous In history, brought
from Scone, near Perth, by Edward the
First, who believed that it had origin
ally came from Luz, and served as
Jacob's pillow when he beheld his won
derful vision. Of course, the modern
mind treats this as tradition merely,
but as tradition is to be honored
throughout the coronation festivities of
Edward VH, this stone will retain its
sacred place and part thereon, though
it Is now generally believed to be noth
ing more wonderful than a piece of the
red sandstone which abounds in the
vicinity of Scone. The "Stone of Des
tiny," as it is called, presents only
another example of the ruthless habit
which science has. of subjecting fancies
to the test of cold material laws, to
their pitiful undoing.
If the Portland strikers, both em
ployes and employers, will not take
stops to harmonize their difference?,
why not let the public name a commit
tee to examine Into the merits of the
confroversy say Judge Williams, Hon.
HW. Corbett and George M. Orton
and let its report and recommendation
be published for its moral effect upon
the contestants. This would have, of
course, no legal force, but it would
guide public sentiment, and that will
eventually bring the parties to terms.
It Is worth a great deal to the public to
know where the right and wrong of
this controversy He.
The assertion has- been made by
many persons that the recent contest
for the Governorship was the closest
ever witnessed in Oregon. This is an
error. Mr. Chamberlain has about 250
plurality. In 1878 Thayer was elected
over Beekman by a plurality of 69. The
votefor Thayer was 16201; for Beek
man, 16,132. In 1866 the contest between
Woods and Kelly was nearly as close
as the recent one between Chamberlain
and Furnish. The vote for Woods was
10,283; for Kelly, 9956. Plurality for
Woods. 327.
It may be reassuring to know that we
have a shipbuilding plant that can beat
the world and turn out battle-ships
while you wait, without the aid or con
sent of any other plant on earth, but we
may also rest assured that this new
shipbuilding combine is In the business
for the profit it will yield.
The gain to the Boers of South Africa
by their defeat will be as great In pro
portion to the Issues at stake as was
the gain to the people of our Confeder
ate States through their subjugation.
f
Construction of canal and locks at
the dalles of the Columbia will begin
soon, never to stop till completed. It
ought to be put through In six years,
or eisrht eora at furtbMt.
THE ABANDONED HUSBAND.
Brooklyn Eagle.
The run for the country begins early
this year a pleasant token both of the
prosperity that allows people to have Ions
vacations and of the revival -of the coun
try love that promises so much or the
health and content of the people. Prep
arations for the reception of the city
multitude are ample. On the mountains,
by the sea. in the forest, at the lakes,
are hotels and camps, aggregations of
boarding-houses and every other manner
of thing devised for the shelter and enter
tainment of people who fly from, the
heats and Illnesses of the city. The de
parture 1s a source of amusement to the
comic papers, which opine that, while the
wives and .daughters of the community
are spending the earnings of paterfamil
ias in town, paterfamilias nevertheless
scrapes up enough from some source to
entertain soubrettes on rdof gardens and
to otherwise comnort himself In a man-
j ncr in which there Is much to astonish
ana noimng 10 uuiuue.
This, of course. Is humbug, paterfamil
ias is living In, a house in-which half the
rooms are closed, and all are damp and
dusty and musty. He has no Ice, he sits
on chairs covered with overalls that look
like ghosts when he enters after dark.
nobody visits him. and he visits few, the
silence of his nome depresses him, and
he would go abroad, but there Is.no place
to go to; the theaters are closed, the cars ;
running to the beaches are so like cattle
cars that 'he cannot risk his dignity In
them: his fellows are not to be found at.
hla club. If he has one; the streets are
hot, the churches are shut up on Sunday,
there Is nothing worth while in the shops,
and so he vegetates from day to day. and
sleeps, if heat and mosquitoes and street
noises 'Rill Jet him, from night to night.
Is It not, then, a little strange, that,
while the hotel men and other philanthro
pists have -done so much to make the
country pleasant for the wifp and daugh
ter, every one seems to have entered Into
a conspiracy to make life hardly worth
living for the head of the family In town?
Even In the restaurants tney put the
orchestras Into the cellar not to dig
them out again till cool weather sets In.
and in the few entertainments given on
roof gardens and other places of difficult
access, the shows are the veriest drivel
things that no "reasoning person can en
dure. Beaches are very well, when one
can reach them, but when one reaches
them to And a .more clamorous throng
than he left In the streets, he is sorry
that he came. The need of a city In Sum
mer is a big hall, cooled by ice, and not
by advertisement, in which one may hear
good music, not jigs and coon songs, and
if so moved may sip cooling liquids and
smoke. Brooklyn .ought to have the like
of that.
RAILROADS AND TRUSTS.
E. H. Harrlman Jn an Interview.
The legislation of the future must be
pro-railroad instead of anti-railroad,
and It must develop confidences between
the public and the transportation com
panies. Give the railroads the oppor
tunity to develop their resources, to
show what they can do, and legislation
is always a remedy which can bo re
sorted to. I believe In combinations of
lines, v. hereby the products can be
transported on the lines that can do It
most economically. In other words, if
you can transport over comparatively
straight and level roads, as against
crooked and mountainous roads, you
can do It cheaper. There must be some
way given to compensate those high
grade lines. ... I believe commissions
are things of the past. I do not think
transportation companies should have
to submit to dictation or control toy
bodies who do not know anything about
transportation. I think now is the time
for all of us to speak out what we think.
Meet the thing face to face. Bodies
formed for the purpose of controlling
transportation should have In them rep
resentatives of the companies whose
business is to be controlled.
James J. Hill In a. Chicago address.
The only serious objection to so-called
trusts has been the method of creating
them not for the purpose of manufac
turing any public commodity in the first
place, but for the purpose of selling
sheaves of printed securities which rep
resent nothing more than good-will and
prospective profits to the promoters. If
it Is the doslre of the general Govern
ment, through Congress, to prevent the
growth of such corporations, It has al
ways seemed to me that a simple rem
edy was within reach. . . . They (the
companies) should satisfy a commission
that thejr capital stock was actually
paid up in cash or In property, at a fair
valuation, just as the capital of the Na
tional bank, is certified to be paid up.
With that simple law, the temptation
.to make companies for the purpose of
selling prospective profits would be at
an end.
Gernjnnlr.lnsr Prussian Poland.
.Chicago Record-Herald.
The bill for the Germanization of Prussian-Poland,
which has passed Its second
reading In the lower house of the Prus
sian Diet, carries an approprlatlon.of 2S0t
000,000 marks ($62,500,000). This money
will be placed at the disposal of the land'
purchase and settlement commission for
West Prussia and Posen, and will be va
riously employed.
The sum of f37.500.000 will be devoted to
promoting the settlement of small Ger
man proprietors in the provinces, where,
through government assistance, they may
acquire properties on advantageous terms.
The remaining $23,000,000 will be used to
buy estates, some of which will simply
be held as part of the public domain,
while others will be immediately devel
oped as forest land.
From the American point of view this
policy seems to be vitiated by an extra
ordinary stretch of governmental author
ity, but It is not new. An appropriation
for buying out Polish proprietors was
made as far back as 1SS6, and nearly $50.
000,000 had been thus employed before the
consideration of the present bill. But so
far the scheme has been attended with
very poor success. Some of the German
settlers have become "Polonlzed," others,
finding the environment unpleasant, have
sold out to Poles at a loss. The balance
of change In the proprietorships since the
policy was adopted actually favors the
Poles by 76,000 acres, and, although sales
are to be prevented under the present bill
by the retention of government control
through a system of leases, It Is remem
bered that the Polish Influence Is Increas
ing In every way, and the Polish scare In
creases accordingly.
In a speech delivered January l3 last
Count von Bulow said that the Polish
question was the most important one be
fore the nation, and plddged the gov
ernment to provide further means, If
necessary, to "Improve the condition of
the German peasantry, promote Industry
ana estaousn garrisons' in the Polish
provinces. There Is a movement to form
German to-operative clubs among them,
and a sensational agitation against the
Poles, called "Hukatlst," from an ar
rangement of the Initial letters of the
names of Its originators, has been coin?
h on for 6ome time. But the Poles respond
witn organizations and an agitation of
their own, and the probabilities are that
they will be stimulated to renewed 'ef
forts by the Increasing energy of the
Germans.
Yet They Have Cut Their 0-rrn
' Throats. -
Lincoln County Loader.
The vote on Congressmen, which ex
presses the sentiments of the voters on
National Issues, shows a Republican ma
jority in Oregon of over 15,000. This isn't
bad for a state which contains several
alleged great Republican would-be lead
ers who are mean enough but not wise
enough to cut their own throats. It 1s
really surprising that the party Is able
to break even with the load it is com-
nfillcd to carry.
VITAL POINT IN TARIFE EVILS.
Chicago Tribune.
Congressman Hopkins says "a great'
many complaints have been made because
Iron and steel, products have been sold
abroad cheaper than in thls. country."
He explains that "sales at cost are made
because of the surplus of "these goods,"
and asks? "Is It not better to sell these
.goods in foreign markets at a lower price
and furnish employment to more Ameri
can laborers than to cLve ud the market
and reduce- the force in our factories?"
It most be admitted that the manufact
urers of free trade and of protection
f countries often sell their goods abroad
for less thai they ask for the goods at
oome. a requenuy mere is no ouier way
In which they can establish themselves
In foreign markets. Goods .are made
most cheaply when the factory is run at
its full capacity. If the total product
is in excess of the home demand the
manufacturer can sell hfs surplus abroad
at lower prices than at home as low as
the bare cost of production, even and
yet make money on his total output.
The American manufacturer who mar
kets his surpluses after this fashion bene
fits domestic labor and does net wrong
the domestic -consumer unless he com
pels that consumer to pay an exorbitant
.price In order that the manufacturer may
sell hfs surplus at a low rate.
inis is an aspect or tne case wnicn
Congressman Hopkins overlooks. A little
over a year ago, boforethe extreme do
mestic demand for steel checked the ex
portation of that metal, American manu
turers were selling steel billets In Eng
land at J16 50 a ton. The lowest English
price was $17 a ton. The Pittsburg price
to consumers was $25 a ton. The latter
price would not have been, so high if
there had not been a duty on steel. But
for the duty the American steel manu
facturers would not have asked more at,
home than the English manufacturer
would have- been able to lay steel down
here $1? plus the. freight charges.
It was asserted at the, time that the
American steel manufacturers were not
losing money on the steel they r5Qld in
England for $16 50 a ton. If so, they were
making decidedly too much money on the
steel they sold at home for $2S a ton. The
excess served" to ply dividends on the
large Capitalization of the United States
Steel corporation. The corporation could
have asked less at home and yet have
made a fair profit on its actual capital.
Nor Tvould It have been obliged to reduce
it3 output at the expense of American
labor.
It is not the mere selling abroad at a
lower price thin at home that Americans
complain of. It Is the coincident ex
action of an excessive price at home
through the operations of a trust forti
fied by tariff duties which have become
too high. The demand for tariff revis
ion, which is more general than Con
gressman Hopkins apprehends, grows" out
of the unjust difference In the price
scales of some Americm manufacturers
an unjust difference which could not
exist if duties, like the steel duties, for
Instance, were? scaled down.
What Will Nevt- York Say to This t
Chicago Record-Herald.
Observing travelers who see something
else bf-sides the tall buildings when In Chi
cago or New York have noted the fact
many times that the feet of the Chicago
girl are smaller than the feet of the New
York girl. They have also been Impressed
with the shapeliness of the Western girl
dp compared with her" sister In the East.
The Chicago girl has particularly Im
pressed him as more nearly approaching
the ideals of feminine pulchritude In the
lines and curves of her figure.
What has long been a matter of general
belief, based upon casual observation, is
now confirmed by evidence that cannot be
challenged. The Chicago girl not only has
smaller feet than the New York girl; but
she Is a more shapely creature, judged by
the universally accepted standards ot
feminine beauty. This fact is verified by
the flgdres In a 20 years' record kept by
Madame Barclay, wardrobe woman at
Daly's Theater, New York.
It is true that "figures" sometimes lie
especially when made up for chorus parts
but not the kind of figures preserved by
Madame Barclay. These figures in her
record book represent the measurements
of Chicago girls and New York girls, mem
bers of the chorus in various companies.
covering a period of 20 years. Averaging
up tluse measurements, Madame Bar
clay's record presents the following sta
tistics 7
New York. Chicago.
-Ft. In. Ft. In.
Height 5 6b 5 V,b
Calf
Ankle
Hips,
Walsl
Bust
Shoulders
13
li&
46
23
36
40
3 Blast
33
38
Shoe 414 C last
No figures -of speech could more elo
quently portray the superior physical
comeliness of the Chicago girl's figure
than these. When the wardrobe woman
measures for "fleshllngs" and other stage
accessories there is no appeal from, her
tape line. Its judgment on the symmetry
of the human form Is final.
Precedents for Chamberlain' Elec
tion. Boston Transcript.
In treating of "What Oregon Says,"
the Globe remarks that "for the past ten
years until now no Democrat has been
popular enough to giln ... an elec
tion In a Republican state." The Globe,
editor should buy a political ha'ndbook.
In 1SSS the Republican State of Minne
sota chose a Democratic Governor by
over 20,000 majority, when all
tfie other Republicans on tfio ticket were
chosen by large majorities; and In 1900
the Republican State of Washington
choso a Democratic Governor when all
the other Republicans on the ticket were
chosen by large majorities.
Smallest Colt Ever Born.
St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
J. B. Merrill, of Hlndsboto, nine miles"
cast of Areola, III., n the owner of a colt
said to be the smallest ever born. It la
now two weeks old. but is not as large as
a shepherd ddg. It is only 23 Inches tall,
and weighs Jtist 39 pounds.
Notwithstanding its diminutive size. It Is
healthy and fully developed, and Is as"
lively as any colt of the same age. The
little fellow Is proving atgreat curiosity.
The Soldier's Dream.
Thomas Campbell.'
Our bugles sang trace, for the nlgnt-cloud had
lowcrd.
And the sentinel stars set thIr watch In the
sky;
And thousands had sunk on the ground over
powerd. -The
weary to eleep, and the wounded to die.
When reposing that night on my pallet of
straw
By the -wolf-scaring fagotthat, guarded the
slain. .
At the dead of the night a sweet vision I aaw;
And thrice ere the morning I dreamt it a'galn.
Methought from the Jjattle-neld's dreadful ar
ray Far, iar, ,1 had roam'd ona, desolate track:
'Twaa Autumn, and Bunsb'lne arose on the
way
To the home of roy fathers, that welcomed
, pie back. ' f
I flew to the pleasant fields traversed so oft
"" In life's morning march, when my bosom w-as
young;
" I heard my own mountain, goate bleatfng aloft.
And knew Ihe sweet -strain 'that the corn
reapers sung.
Then pledged we the wine-cup, and fondly I
. swore
From my home and my weeping friends
never to part;
My little, ones klsd me a thousand times o'er.
And my wife sobb'd alouc in her fullness ot
heart. r
"Stay stay with us! rest! thou, art Beary
and worn!" .
And fain was their war-broken soldier to
stay:' . "
But sorrow rfeturn'd with the dawning of
morn, t' it.h' t
And tho .voles'' In .my dreaming ar melted
NOTE AND COMMENT.
At last reports the convicts were a lap
and a half ahead.
It was considerate of the outlaws to.
give the detectives another, chance at
them.
Of course the convicts stopped long
enough at Sellwood to play a couple o
hands of golf.
This weather is discouraging to Sunday
school picnics, but the fuel men seem to
bear up under It fairly well.
Mark Twain Is now making a farewell
app&rance, but he has been a humorist
too long to make anyone believe It.
Kansas is going to have another big
crop thlo year, and the Republican ma
jority will be proportionately large.
There Is no hurry about annexing Cuba.
Walt until she gets a- little more ex
pensive experience with Independence.
Lord Kitchener has been given $250,000,
eo he will be able to attend the corona
tion in the full glory of a Panama hat.
Mr. Harrlman is momentarily expecting
a wire from Tracy and MerrilL for a spe
cial train to take them out of the country.
If we could only get Mount Hood to
follow the example of Pelee, the long
standing problem of illuminating the
mountain would be solved.
As there fe nothing so rare as a day in
June, It might be well to suggest to the
weather man that some of them ought to
be warmed oer before they are served--
It may be remarked In paslng that a
44-40 rifle of the vintage of 1S73 is not
just the weapon with which to fight des
perate men armed with 20-30's that shoot
mushroom bullets.
On one of his later birthday anniver
saries Senator Hoar wrote to William M.
Evarts and congratulated him on bl3
length of years. In his reply ttfe aged,
lawyer said It brought to mind an old
lady in New England who had occasion to
write to a friend about some matter of
trifling Importance.- and when she had
reached the end of the thirteenth page
awakened to the fact that she had been
rather diffuse, and added: "Please ex
cuse' my longevity,"
At a recent session of the German
Reichstag an absent-minded member,
Herr WIchmann, created no little amuse
ment. He was calling the roll, and upon
reaching his own name he paused for a
response. Naturally none came, Then
he called the name more loudly, waited
a few seconds and roared It out at the
top of his voice. The laughter of his
colleagues finally aroused him to a sense
of the ludicrousness of his act, and he
joined In the general hilarity.
"Larry" Delmour, the Tammany poli
tician, was standing In front ot the Court
house with a number of other Tammany
Hall politicians, discussing the recent sen
sational resignation of Leader Lewl3
Nixon.
Ex-Assistant District Attorney Maurice
B. Blumenthal happened along and
stopped to greet Mr. Delmour.
"That was a terrible volcano over there
the other day. wasn't It, Maury?" asked
Delmour of Blumenthal."
"What volcano do you mean," retorted
Blumenthal, "the West Indian or the
Tammany Indian?"
The Illxslncr of Carmaclc.
Rochester Democrat and Chronicle.
A refreshing feature of recent Amer
ican history was the hissing of Carmack
in the Senate last Saturday.
No American In public life ever de
served the contempt of his fellow-citizens
more richly than this man Carmack. His
recent course In the Senate has utterly
disgraced himself, his state and the hon
orable body which Is so unfortunate as to
include him in its membership. He has
been distinguished for malice and unscrup
ulousness among the most malignant and
unscrupulous of the Army baiters. He
has thrown aside all semblance of fair
ness and decency and reason. His charges
against the Army and the Administra
tion have been so vile, so reckless and
so unfounded that they could not possibly
have been made by a man of character
and honor. His speeches In support of
them have been sheer Billingsgate, the
senseless vituperation of a drunken flsh-
wife. The man seems to have been half-
crazed by his malice. He has won for
himself the hatred and loathing of every
decent man in the Nation. His own party
colleagues have been forced publicly to
disclaim him and his utterances. When
he Interrupted Senator Spooner last Sat
urday with a pettifogger's sneer at the
honor and veracity of men for whom ha
isn't worthy to serve as a doormat, he lied
knowingly and willfully. No wonder pub
lic indignation against him broke out into
hissing. The hissing was greatly to the
credit of the hlssers and of the Ameri
can people.
And the dignity of the Senate took no
hurt. The presence of Carmack and Till
man and one or two other such rufflan3
in the Senate has left that body without
dignity enough to be worth bothering
about. If the Senate can stand Carmack
it can stand having Carmack hissed from
the Senate gallery. Indeed the Senate
would have dignified itself In the eyes of
the people if it had joined In the hissing.
He Will Xot Sulk.
Astoria Herald.
Governor Geer io very solicitous about
the future administration of Governor
Chamberlain and has written the new
Governor a congratulatory letter upon
his election. One thing Is certain In the
event Chamberlain does not secure the
Democratic nomination four years hence
it's dollars "to doughnuts that he won't
stab the successful nominee In the back
or sulk off In the corner like a whipped
cur.
PLEASAATniES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Financial Swab. "Who Is Ms Schwab, any
way?" "Oh, hz z de guy Morgan uses ter
mop up de floor wld competitors." Judge.
The" Man Entering the Store "Have you
typewriter-ribbons?" The Fresh Girl Behind
the Counter "Is she blonde or brunette?"
Tonkers Statesman.
A Paradise. Weary "Waggles I see by dl3
newspaper dat nobuddy kin git a Job down In
Kentucky." Tired Timothy "Less go ter Ken
tucky." Ohio State Journal.
"Willie Pa, what's a linear foot?" Pa
"Why er a linear foot? Oh! It's one that's
hereditary- Didn't you ever hear tell ot a
linear descendant?" Philadelphia Record.
Professor Morandmore The books of the
Chaldeans were written on bricks. Sporter
(In a still, small olce) They must have made
hard reading. Harvard Lampoon.
Just So. Belle She doesn't seem disappoint
ed that the engagement Is broken. She says
there aro Just as good fish In the sea. May
Butthey don't always bite. Brooklyn Life.
Inducements Held Out. Harriet What shall
I say In the advertisement for a cook? Harry
Well, say that we'll take her with us to any
Summer resort she may prefer. Detroit Free
Press
Good Resolutions Visitor Young man, I hope
that when you are free you will turn over a
new leaf. Convict Sure I will. The lawyer
I hire the next time will be a better one.
Chicago Dally News.
The Gambling Fever. "Gambler? Well,
rather! Why, he's so crazy over games of
chance that be patronizes a restaurant where
they print the bill of fare In French, and he
doesn't know a word ot the language." Chl-
4 cago EVenlns'Post.