THE MORNING- OHEGONIAN, SATURDAY. JUNE 14, 1U02.
Entered at the Poutofflce at Portland. Oregon,
as second-class mattor.
REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES.
By Mall (postage prepaid. In Advance)
Sally, with Sunday, pr month 5 S3
"Daily, Sunday excepted, per year
Dally, with Sunday, per year JJ 00
Sunday, per year 2 Vx
The Weekly, per year 1 55
The Weekly. 3 months
To City Subscribers
Dally, per week, delivered. Sunday cxcepted.loc
Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays lncludcd.20c
POSTAGE RATES..
United States, Canada and Mexico:
30 to 14 -page paper.. Jo
24 to 2S-page paper... ........ ..........-.o
Foreign rates double.
News or discussion Intended for publication
In The Oregonlan should be addressed invaria
bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not lo the name
or any Individual. Letters relating to adver
tising, subscriptions or to any business matter
should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan."
The Oregonlan does not buy poems or etorles
from individuals, and cannot undertake to re
turn any manuscripts sent to it without eollcl
tatlon. No stamps should be Inclosed tor this
purpose.
Eastern Business Office. 43. 44. 45. 47. 4S, 40
Tribune building, New York City: 510-11-12
Tribune building. Chicago: the S. C. Beckwlth
Special Agency. Eastern representative.
For sale In San Francisco by L. E. Lee, Pal
ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros., 238
Sutter street; F. W. Pitts. 1008 Market street:
J K. Cooler Co.. 740 Market street, near the
Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry news
stand; Frank Scott, SO Bills street, and N.
Wheatlcy. 813 Mission street.
For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner.
250 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. 305
So Spring street.
For sale In Sacramento by Sacramento News
Co., 429 K. street, Sacramento. Cal.
For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co.,
217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald.
C3 Washington street.
For eale 1n Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1C12
Farnam street: -Megeath Stationery Co., 130S
Farnam street.
For eale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News
Co.. 77 W. Second South street.
For sale In Ogden by C. H. Myers.
For sale In Minneapolis by R. G. Hearsey &
Co . 24 Third street Souths
For sale in Washington, D. C, by the Ebbett
House news stand.
For sale in Denver, Celo.. by Hamilton &
Kendrlck. 006-S12 Seventeenth street; Louthan
& Jackson Book & Stationery Co... 15th and
Lawrenee street: A. Series. Sixteenth and Cur
tis streets; and H. P. Hansen.
TODAY'S WEATHER Fair, with slowly ris
ing temperature; northwesterly winds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 07; minimum temperature, 48; pre
cipitation, none.
i
PORTLAND, SATURDAY', JUNE 14.
ROOSEVELT, A:TI-I3IPERIALIST.
The Cuban deadlock calls for a man
of G rover Cleveland's courage and reso
lution, and Providence has raised him
up In the person of Theodore Roosevelt
The moral conviction of the man and
his firm intellectual fiber stand out In
every sentence of this remarkable and
all but sensational special message Im
ploring justice and even generosity for
Cuba. The Nation will heed and ap
prove It, if Congress does not.
Every righteous- but sadly harried
cause has times when it needs a man
for whom the prospect of failure has
no terrors. With the beet-sugar pha
lanx undaunted before him, the voice of
prudence would suggest to the Presi
dent to take it easy or he "might be em
barrassed by defeat That was what
was said to Cleveland when the fate of
the Wilson bill hung In the balance,
but he sent in his message, and what
ever glory rose from the episode was his
even In defeat That was what was
said to McKinley when Influences such
as are now wielded by the so-called in
surgent Senators resisted justice to
Porto Rico, and when he yielded to the
clamor he fell In the estimation of
every brave and honest man. Roose
velt does not quail. He thinks Cuban
relief Is our plain duty today just as
much as before the insurgents forged
their threats, and what he thinks he
says. They may defeat the Cuban bill,
but they will never win the consent of
the President to an act so ungenerous
and unwise.
The vital question at issue in this dis
creditable rupture is whether beet
sugar operations can be conducted
without loss if a moderate tariff reduc
tion Is allowed on Cuban imports. The
beet-sugar magnates have themselves
answered this question, in their asser
tions of former years that the profits of
the industry are such as to preclude
loss in any event of Cuban annexation
or tariff concession. It has been de
monstrated that the difference in the
New York wholesale price of refined
sugar reasonably to be expected as a
result of the proposed concessions to
Cuba will not exceed a cent a pound,
and will almost certainly be In the
neighborhood of thirty-three-hun-dredths
of a cent a pound. This slight
reduction, In view of the beet-sugar
magnates' glowing promises as to the
profits of the Industry, and the osten
tatious way in which the Oxnards dis
play their wealth, power and control of
the beet-sugar industry of the country,
is pitifully inadequate to sustain the
desperate resistance that has been made
to Cuba's appeal.
Th whole tariff question Is epito
mized in this conflict; for the real suf
ferers by the illiberal policy contended
for will be the producers of this coun
try. If we refuse to let Cuba sell to us,
she will have to go elsewhere to buy;
and all hopes of a profitable market
there for our crops and manufactures
must be abandoned. The island can do
business with Great Britain, and wel
come. Is our trade with Cuba to be
throttled In its infancy, because a few
sugar factories, controlled by a trust,
insist upon the last ounce of flesh de
nominated in their bond? The Senate
seems to think so, and maybe It can
have its will. There is no "imperial
ism" in holding conquered territory un
der rightful sovereignty and In exact
ing from Cuba the just and necessary
conditions of our protection. Where Im
perialism begins is in economic Injus
tice, fastened temporarily upon Porto
Rico, repeated in the case of the Phil
ippines, and now proposed to be dealt
out to Cuba. The President is up in
arms against this genuine-brand of im
perialism, of which the plaintive and
tearful Teller is the most aggressive
exponent
The late strike among the New Jersey
glassworkers called attention to the vio
lation of the child labor law of the
state. The bottle-blowers' union se
cured photographs of children of 6 and
7 year at work in the factories, though
the state law forbids the employment in
such places of children under 12. The
work of these little tots was to carry
bottles from one part of the factory to
another, and its only economic value
was that it enabled employers to avoid
the expense of putting in suitable ma
chinery to effect this transit This, as
the Outlook points out, is a state of
affairs similar to that In some parts of
Continental Europe, where, being able
lo procure cheap although Inefficient la
bor, manufacturers refrain from intro
ducing machinery which Is found In
Engltea and American factories. This
mating rr 4ne out of children Just
from the nursery is a blot upon .Amerl-
can civilization, and, having been thor
oughly exposed by the energy of the
striking glassblowers, it is not possible
that the practice will "be continued in
the factories of New Jersey.
AS GOOD AS PASSED.
The passage of the Irrigation bill
Is big with promise for far Western
development The possibilities of the
great region this side of the Missouri
seem at length to have taken Arm hold
upon the imaginations of the" East, for
the East, coupled with Southern apathy
and the formidable opposition of men
like Cannon, Grosvenor and Dalzell,
could easily have defeated the meas
ure. Few measures have ever passed Con
gress so exclusively on their merits as
public undertakings as this Irrigation
bill. Largely through the efforts of
Representative Tongue, of the Irriga
tion committee of the House, the un
worthy schemes of landgrabbers have
been painstakingly eliminated from the
6ill, and now President Roosevelt and
the National Irrigation Association
have succeeded In working- the bill
through the House. It is a triumph
for useful and honest legislation as well
as for Western development
It does not appear as yet Just how
certain this bill is of approval In the
Senate. The measure passed yesterday
is the Senate bill, amended in the House
so as to remove Its objectionable feat
ures. It goes, therefore, direct to con
ference, and the natural thing to expect
is that the Senate will concur in merely
corrective alterations in its own bill.
The only points of danger would seem
to He In the rule or ruin principle of the
'corporations with high standing in the
Senate, and a possible perversity grow
ing out of the bitter conflict over Cuban
relief. Considerations of this unworthy
sort, however, will have much less lev
erage in conference than in the tortu
ous ways of committees and debate.
We think the Senate will promptly con
cur and the bill become law.
Of the general scope of the measure
It Is sufficient to say that it sets apart
the sales of public lands in arid-land
states for an irrigation fund, to be ex
pended In departmental expert hands
for storage and distribution of head
waters. It is understood that specific
enterprises, one in California, another
In Arizona and a third in Montana, will
be executed with these funds, and that
experimental work will be done in
other states and territories, including
artesian borings and surveys In certain
places In Eastern Oregon. This state's
immediate benefit may not be consider
able, but its ultimate profit from the
law will be great
Oregon has borne conspicuous and
effective part in the work that finds
fruition in this bill. Representative
Moody has co-operated zealously with
Messrs. PInchot and Newell, the Gov
ernment experts whom he carted over
Eastern Oregon last year, and by whom
President Roosevelt has chiefly been ad
vised. His influence at Washington,
which has been potent among the lead
ers there, has stood him and the state
in good stead. Representative Tongue,
as chairman of the House committee, has
also labored faithfully and with signal
success, not only to perfect the bill, but
to bring about its passage. Eastern
Oregon's debt is great, both to Moody,
whom it refused to honor with re-election,
and to Tongue, whose Western
Oregon constituents are far more inter
ested in rivers and harbors than in arid
lands. Both are men, however, to whom
the success attained will be considered
compensation not to be despised.
WRIGHT OS THE STRIKE.
Carroll D. Wright United States
Commissioner of Labor, contributes to
the current number of the North 'Amer
ican Review a very Interesting and in
structive article concerning strikes in
the United States. The first recourse to
strikes occurred in 1740-41, when a com
bination of the journeymen bakers in
the City of New York struck for an In
crease of wages. Under the laws of the
Colony of New York the leaders of this
strike were tried and convicted of con
spiracy on account of their agreement
not to bake bread until their wages
were raised. In 1796 the Journeymen
shoemakers of Philadelphia struck for
an Increase of wages, and this strike
was successful, as was another ordered
for the same purpose in 1798. The next
year the shoemakers of Philadelphia
struck against a threatened reduction In
wages, and, after being Idle ten weeks.
made a compromise. These were -the
only occasions on which strikes oc
curred in the United States before the
nineteenth century.
In 1S03 ah Important strike took place
In New York City, known as the "sail
ors' strike." The sailors asked for an
increase of wages from $10 per month to
514 per month. They organized a pro
cession, compelling the non-striking
seamen to Join them. Their leader was
arrested and lodged in jail, and the
strike was disbanded. The Journeymen
Shoemakers' Association of Philadel
phia struck in 1805 for an increase of
wages, their demands ranging from 25
to 75 cents Increase on each pair of
shoes. After lasting six or seven weeks
the strike failed and the leaders were
tried for conspiracy. The cordwalners
of New York struck in November, 1809,
and those of Pittsburg, Pa., In 1815.
The leaders were tried for conspiracy
and convicted. In 1817 the workmen in
the leading shipyard of Medford, Mass.,
refused to work because their employer
abolished the grog privilege customary
at that time. The strikers finally gave
up their contention. A notable strike
occurred in 1834 in the great shoe manu
facturing City of Lynn, Mass. The
women shoeblnders to the number of
more than 1000 struck for an Increase
of wages, but after a four weeks' strug
gle the strike failed. The same year
the female factory operatives at Lowell
resisted a threatened reduction of
wages. Since 1835 strikes have been
fairly common, not seldom expensive
and destructive, but there were no
very notable strikes until 1877, when the
history of the greatest labor wars of
the century began for the United
States.
The first of these great historic
strikes took place In 1877 on the Balti
more & Ohio Railroad, on account of a
threatened reduction in wages. The
Pennsylvania Railroad Company was
the victim of a strike accompanied by
frightful riots, violence and destruc
tion of property at Pttsburg. Pa., In
1877. The United States soldiers were
sent to the scene of conflict by the re
quest of the Governor, and finally re
stored order. The county in which the
strike occurred was declared by the
courts to be liable for all the losses sus
tained through the riotous strikers.
The amount was over $3,500,000. The
next great strike was that of the tele
graphers In 1883. Then came the "Mar
tin Irons" etrikd an tba Gould system
of railways, in 1885-S6. The most de
structive and formidable strike in our
history was that of June and July, 1894,
at Chicago, but the most picturesque
and sensational event in the labor
movement of the country was the
Homestead, Pa., conflict of July 4, 1892,
which grew out of a disagreement in
the previous month concerning wages.
The striking workmen took possession
of the steel works and repulsed by fire
arms all efforts of the Carnegie Steel
Company's detectives to dislodge them.
Seven men were killed and from twenty
to thirty wounded in the battle. The
arrival of the state troops on the 12th
of July "restored the town to order. The
so-called "Pullman' strike at Chicago
In July, 1894, began at the works of
the Pullman Palace Car Company, but
ended in a formidable insurrection of
the labor employed on the prlc.li;al
railroads radiating from Chicago and
some of the affiliated lines. This terri
ble strike paralyzed Internal commerce,
delayed the mails and demoralized
business, and was finally brought to a
close chiefly by the action of the courts
through the power of the writ of In
junction, for the Federal troops were
really ordered to the scene of action to
enforce the orders of the Federal
Courts. This great strike was disfig
ured by riot, murder, burglary and 'ar
son, not less than 10,000 cars being
burned by lawless persons.
The year 1894 was the high-water
mark of labor conflicts. The most
notable of historic strikes since 1S94 was
the so-called "steel" strike of 1901, which
began July 1, 1901, and lasted until Sep
tember 15 of that year. This struggle
was not . over a question of wages,
hours, labor or rules or conditions of
work, but a contest for the recognition
of the right of the Amalgamated Asso
ciation of Iron. Steel and Tin Workers
to demand the unionizing of all mills,
a demand positively refused by the
United States Steel Corporation. The
Amalgamated Association was defeated
in Its demand, largely because It did
not have the hearty Indorsement of a
large number of workmen, since It was
not a movement to redress any grlev
ance. This unsuccessful strike stood
for a loss of more than 4,000,000 in
wages. Between 1SS1 and 1900 the sta
tistical record shows that the losses to
employers and employes amount to
$46S,968,5SU that 50.77 per cent of strikes
succeeded; that 13.04 per cent succeeded
partly, and that 36.19 per cent failed.
These facts recited by Mr. Wright Have
brought him to the conclusion that
"labor conflicts grow out of- increasing
Intelligence; that "the avoidance or ad
justment of such conflicts must be the
result of increased intelligence; that
fools do not strike; it Is onl.v men who
have intelligence enough tc recognize
their condition that make use of this
last resort"
MUNICIPAL OWNERSHIP.
Goldwin Smith has. more than once
referred to the fact that municipal so
cialism has moved rapidly in England
compared with its small progress in the
United States. In the United Stages
only a little more than one-half of
the cities own the public water serv
ice. About one-eighth own electric
lighting plants, limited In many places
to the lighting of the streets and public
buildings. Few plades own their own
gas works; only one city owns and op
erates a street railway system, and not
a single city owns its dwn telephone
service.
Now let us turn to Great Britain,
where since 1875 the capital invested In
municipal enterprises has increased
from $465,000,000 to $1,500,000,000. There
are now In Great Britain 981 munici
palities owning water works, 99 owning
the street railroads, 240 owning the gaa
works, and 181 supplying electricity.
Half the gas-users in England use mu
nicipal gas. These figures, which are
reported to our State Department by
Consul James Boyle, at Liverpool, indi
cate that about all the municipalities in
Great Britain own their own water
works; that nearly all the important
cities own and operate gas works; that
a very large number have public elec
tric light plants; that a considerable
number own and operate the street rail
roads. Sheffield, a city of 381,000 inhab
itants. Is devoting the profits of Its
street railways to the construction of
shops and business premises for rent
Two second-dare cities own Turkish
baths, and Liverpool is about to erect
the finest Turkish bath in Europe. This
great city of over 685,000 people owns its
water works, operates street-cars, sup
plies the electric light and power, has
one of the largest and best public bath
systems in the world, provides public
laundries for the poor districts, fur
nishes flowers and plants for the win
dows In the slums, sells sterilized mllkl
for the children of the poor at cost
price, owns a municipal organ and has
a salaried organist to play it, gives
municipal lectures, supports parks with
concerts, sustains technical schools, etc.
Liverpool's greatest municipal under
taking is that of providing dwellings
for the very poor, the evicted tenants
of demolished noisome buildings in the
slums. The city obtained a large area
under condemnation proceedings and
demolished 8000 unsanitary buildings.
In, some cases the qlty resells the land
to private individuals, who may build
houses under certain restrictions; but
in other cases the city itself builds
blocks of dwellings; which arc rented
on public account at about cost. Some
2000 tenements have so far been built
by the city on Its own account The
largest of these public tenements have
four rooms, and are rented at from
$1 25 to $1 50 a week. The three-room
tenements are rented for $1 to $1 10 a
week; two rooms, 60 to SO cents, and
one room 45 cents a week. Some of
them are furnished with hot water as
well as cold; gas is provided at a cost
of 2 cents for four or five hours' con
sumption by one burner. The rents
named, however, do not quite cover the
cost Since Liverpool obtained its
street railway system, about five years
ago. it has greatly extended it and con
verted itfrom a horse-power line Into an
overhead trolley system. Under mu
nicipal ownership the hours of labor
for conductors and drivers have been
reduced from 14 hours a day to 10
hours. The present pay Is $7 20 for a
week of six days, while under private
ownership the pay for a week of seven
days was but $6 SO. The city's profits
from the service are such that a gen
eral 2-cent fare for all distances is con
templated. In Glasgow the fares for.a
short distance on the city railways have
recently been reduced to 1 cent, and for
2 cents a distance of 2 miles can "be
traveled.
Consul Boyle reports further that
British municipal activity Includes pub
lic hotels, schools of art and colleges
aside from technical schools, race
courses, public musical entertainments,
lectures, milk supplies, crematoria, etc
Bristol has municipalized its docks, and
those of Liverpool are managed as a
public trust Only In the matter of
education has the principle of public
ownership been less extended in Great
Britain than In the United States. With
this exception Great Britain leads us
by a long distance in the advance of
every line of municipal activity. Of
course, all these things are not without
a certain degree of opposition in Great
Britain on the part of those who believe
that this municipal socialism is proceed
ing too far, but it is not disputed that
the best-governed towns and cities of
Great Britain and those of the lowest
taxes are the ones where this munici
pal socialism most prevails. Consul
Boyle says that "municipal govern
ment in Great Britain Is honest, intel
ligent and energetic, and politics has
little to do with the engagement or re
tention of -civic employes."
These facts related by Consul Boyle
are most Interesting and instructive,
and yet it is exceedingly doubtful
whether .municipal ownership, devel
oped to the extent it s in Great Brit
ain, would show equally admirable re
sults In the important cities of the
United States. It is true that the giv
ing over of valuable streets and public
privileges to private corporations for
private profit has been a fruitful cause
of Jobbery, dishonesty and demoraliza
tion In the government of American
cities, but municipal ownership, of its
gas plant by Philadelphia showed equal
ly deplorable results. The people ob
tained wretched gas, the municipal
government used the city gas plant as
an asylum, refectory and hospital. for
age's, decayed or needy political para
sitea The grand Jury's recent report
concerning the governme'nt of St. Louis
for the past fifteen years is not calcu
lated to prompt an experiment in the
extension .of municipal ownership in
that city or Chicago or New York. 'The
trouble Is that the municipal govern
ments elected In our great cities could
not be trusted to administer municipal
ownership. The Tammany government
that always corruptly sold the public
franchises to ' private corporations,
would be sure to rob them if permitted
to operate them for the municipality.
British suffrage Is so restricted that the
elements of "dan'gqr so vital here are
held down to the minimum. '
The protest of George W. Willison, of
Salem, published -yesterday, against
permitting excursionists and other curiosity-seekers
to "go through the state
insane asylum" Is just and timely.
Why, Indeed,, should these unfortunates
be made to stand on parade while the
thoughtless, the unsympathetic and the
morbidly curious pass them in unfeel
ing if not contemptuous review? Clear
ly, this Is an outrage to which patients
in the asylum, should not be subjected.
Common humanity cries out against It,
and it Is hardly deemed possible that its
earnest voice will not be heard and its
plea sanctioned by those In authority
at what Is called, and truly should be,
the "asylum" for the insane.
The fraternization of the Boers with
the British soldiers recalls the scenes
after the surrender at Appomattox;
when Union and Confederate soldiers
treated each other like olcr comrades.
Some of the Confederate and Union
Generals had been old comrades in the
regular Army. Generals Heth, .Pickett
and Wilcox had been warm friends be
fore the war of Major-General John
Gibbon, of the Union Army, and their
meeting was warm and hearty on bpth
sides. Pickett asked General Gibbon
what Lincoln would do with them. Be
fore Gibbon could answer. General Heth
said, with a laugh: "I know what I'd
do If I were Lincoln;Td hang you."
There Is a deal of practical common
sense in the position taken by the synod
of the Reformed Church of America
that students, while being educated for
the ministry at the expense of the
board, should not marry. Broadly
speaking, no student while pursuing his
studies in an Institution, whether at
his own expense or the expense of the
state or of a society, should marry. The
reasons, for this are so obvious that it
Is needless to enumerate them beyond
the mere statement that any matter
which divides and distracts the atten
tion of the student Is a detriment to
his progress, and should be eschewed, or
its conslderatlcn postponed.
In a recent -article in a technical jour
nal, written by a physician, "the hair
pin as a surgical instrument" was treat
ed seriously. The writer named fifteen
different ways in which it may be used
in an emergency, to relieve pain or
save life. ' For example, it might be
used as a drainage tube, as a probe, to
compress a blood vessel, close a wound,
etc. One James Howell, almost four
centuries ago wrote: "One hair of a
woman can draw more than a hundred
pair of oxen." Recalling this saying in
connection with hairpin surgery, the
Youth's Companion suggests that per
haps "some of the virtue of the hair
goes Into the pin."
Two members of "the Austrian Relchs
rath exchanged insults and soundly
boxed each other's ears during a debate
'in that body a few days ago. Worse
would have befallen If the friends of the
belligerents had not dragged them
apart Thus does the example set by
United States Senators 'extend across
the waters and into the very heart of
Europe! Fie McLaurin! Tillman, for
shame! See how these old boys in the
Austrian Parliament have become con
taminated by your free-and-easy meth
ods of presenting argument or settling
a dispute!
Portland wants quick connection with
the surrounding country, in all direc
tions. Why not let Into the city the
proposed electric road to and from
Washington County? The use of cer
tain streets Is required. , No road can
be of advantage to the city unless It
can get liito the city. Portland, we take
"it, is not a finished town. Are there not
other things that may well enough be
done here' yet?
Kilauea, Hawaii's volcano, not to be
outdone by volcanoes In other sections
of the Western world, is casting forth
"redounding smoke and ruddy flame,"
not to mention ashes, gas and sulphur
ous fumes. An outbreak is generally
predicted, and, strange to say, people
are preparing to go thither to witness
it, instead of remaining at a safe dis
tance, duly thankful.
The Boers, In the main, are behaving
admirably. Not only have they proven
themselves foemen worthy of the Brit
on's steel, but they are lining up as
colonists worthy of the generous con
sideration of a great nation and as a
people that challenge the admiration of
J the world.
TAFT AT THE VATICAN.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
The text of the instructions to Gov
ernor Taft regarding the friar landa in
the Philippines shows the care with which
public documents are prepared In the War
Department The manner of publication
is an illustration of the perfect working
of the system for safeguarding public in
terests. No mission of an American official ever
caused more d!scus3lon than Governor
Taft's visit to the "Vatican. It was known
that he was to confer with the "Vatican
authorities on the disposition of the friar
lands, and It was intimated that any
definite instructions might bring tho Ad
ministration into conflict with Congress.
It was contended also that in sending
Governor Taft to confer with the pope
the United States Government was coun
tenancing a movement to establish dip
lomatic relations with the Vatican.
The publication of the instructions at
that time would have removed all doubts
on both points. But Secretary Root saia
only that Governor Taft's mission was not
diplomatic; that he went to Rome on a
business matter, and that his instructions
precluded any encroachment on the pre
rogative of Congress. But as soon as the
Instructions had been presented to the
"Vatican officials they were sent to the
Sonate and were published.
The Instructions were prepared on May
9. while the Philippine bill was under dis
cussion in the Senate, and. therefore, in
the absence of specific authorltv from
Congress are made tentative in character
and are limited to fundamental proposi
tions. The Catholic church In the Philippines
Is to give up state functions, the princi
ple of complete separation of church and
state is to be in no way modified or made
the subject of discussion, the titles of the
friars to certain lands are to be extin
guished after fair compensation and in
accord with a principle looking to' owner
ship of the lands by the people. The Rom
an Catholic church Is asked to continue
Its religious and educational work In the
Philippines through other agents than the
friars, who have made themselves obnox
ious to the Catholic Filipinos.
It Is specifically stated that Governor
Taft's mission la not In any sense or de
gree diplomatic In Its nature, but "Is pure
ly a business matter of negotiation for the
purchase of property from the owners
thereof, and the settlement of lands In
such manner as to contribute to the best
interests of the people of the Islands."
There Is" absolutely no flaw in the In
structions, even from the viewpoint of the
most sensitive Congressman or the most
captious churchman. They constitute an
admirable public document drawn to meet
a case without precedent In our history,
covering negotiations of the greatest deli
cacy and Importance, in accordance with
the recognized principles of traditional
American policy.
HIS ASSUMPTIONS EXAMINED.
Mr. Geer's "Claim," and HI Flatter
ing View of His "Prospects."
Forest Grove Times.
Governor Geer. In an interview pub
lished last Saturday, said:
As to the Senatorshlp, I will only say that
the flatteringly large vote given me by the
people will give me the offlce -without question,
unless the Legislature sees proper to Ignore
the popular will, which la not at all likely.
. . . A Presidential Elector would have the
same right to Ignore the popular vote s would
a member of the Legislature under those cir
cumstances. This vote should settle the Sena
torshlp. The Times does not believe the Gov
ernor puts the right Interpretation on the
vote given him. and he will find it so be
fore the next Senator Is chosen. In the
first place, he was not properly the nom
inee of the Republican party. The con
vention that selected the state ticket made
no choice for United States Senator. Gov
ernor Geer's name was never placed on
the Republican ticket (It was placed on
the official ballot by petition with the
designation "Republican." but Simon and
Fulton and Corbett and a dozen other
gentlemen whose names have been men
tioned for United States Senator could
equally as welL have had their -names
placed there also as "Republicans" if
their friends had deemed It wise to circu
late petitions for that purpose. It does
not require a large number of signatures
to such a petition, neither docs it require
that the petitioner be of the same party
as the man whose name heads the paper,
nor that" the petitioner vote for him at
the polls.
In the second place, in this case there
was no liberty of choice In the party.
There were two. names on the official bal
lot one marked "Republican." the other
"Democrat" and the voter was directed!
to "vote for one." Republican voters
would naturally vote for a Republican.
and so a large number of them put a cross
In front of Geer's name, but agood many
also declined to vote on that point not
having an opportunity to make choice In
either party.
In the third place, the vote Is not man
dator)', and the Legislature Is not bound
either by law or unwritten custom to obey
It. For Instance, the Representatives of
both Multnoiriah and Washington Coun
ties are understood to be unfavorable to
Geer. He was largely an issue In the con
ventions in which they were nominatea.
and they were selected by the party op
posed to him. Therefore, if they repre
sented the local sentiment of the party
that selected them, they would have to
oppose him in tho Legislature. Thl3 was
largely the case in other counties also.
-
Again in the Petition Business.
Gervais Star.
Brother Geer Is again in the petition
business. Now he desires Co call an extra
session of the State Legislature to place
his successor on a fiat salary, as dictated
by Horer, of the Salem Journal. This is
possibly the passing squeal of a dis
gruntled, left-over ofllce-seeker and party
wrecker. Next!
Well, Hardly!
Gervais Star.
Would Geer have caUed an extra ses
sion of the State Legislature to put state
officials on a fiat salary had he been the
successful nominee and choice of the
electors? Well, hardly!
The Family Laramie.
"William Henry Drummond, In the Century.
Hssh! look at ba-bee on de leetle blue chair!
Wat you t'lnk he's tryln' to do?
Wit pole on de nan' laic de lumberman,
A-shovm along canoe.
Dere's purty strong Current bchln' de stove
Were It's passln de chlmley stone;
But he'll come roun' yet It he don't upset,
So long he was left alone.
Dat ' way cv'ry boy on de house begin
No sooner he 'a twelve mont ole.
He'll play canoe up an' down de Soo
An' paddle an push de pole.
Den haul de log all about de place
Till dey 're nilln" up moa de room.
An' say It's all right, for de storm las' night
Was carry away de boom!
l
Mebbe you see heem. da young loon bird.
Wit' half of de shell hangln on.
Tak' heea firse slide to de waterside.
An off on de lake he's gone!
Out of de cradle de're goln Earn way
On reever an lake an" sea;
For born to de trade, dat'a how de're made,
De famllee Laramie!
An de reever she's lyln so handy d(p
On de foot of de hill below.
Dancln' along an clngln' de song
As away to de sea she go.
No wonder I can never lak her song.
For soon It Is cotnln w'en
Dey'll llssen de call, lettle Pierre an Paul,
An w'ere will de modern be den?
She'll sit by de shore w'en do evening 'a come.
An splk to reever, too:
"O reever, you know how dey love you so '
Since ever dey're seeln you.
For sake of dat love, bring de leetle boy home
Once more to de moder's knee."
An' back dey'll come safe to me.
ISSUE WAS SHARPLY DROWN.
Boston Transcript
Returns from Oregon Indicate that the
Democrats have elected their candidate for
Governor and that the Republicans have
taken everything else In sight, choosing
both Congressmen and securing control of
the Legislature which will elect a United
States Senator to succeed Senator Simon
The returns received favor the belief that
the pluralities for the Republican candi
dates for Congress will equal or exceed
those given two years ago, when Mr.
Tongue had over 3C0O and Mr. Moody more
than 9C0O. Mr. George E. Chamberlain,
the Democratic Governor-elect, appears to
enjoy a popularity in Oregon similar to
that the late Governor Russell had in
Massachusetts, and he has been assisted
by the confusion in the Republican state
camp, the nomination of Furnish having
been unpopular. This fact Is reflected by
several strong Republican counties roll
ing up their old-time pluralities for every
Republican candidate bu the head of the
ticket.
The Oregon election has the significance
attaching to a first gun, so far as the
Congressional contest is concerned, and
the omen Is favorable to the Republicans.
The Issue was sharply drawn on Imperial
ism, the Republicans pleading that the
President's hands be upheld. The Oregon
Congressmen-elect are Republicans elect
ed by overwhelming majorities. As the
Governor of Oregon will have nothing to
do with Federal affairs, while tne two
Congressmen will, the Oregon election
may be deemed an indorsement of the Ad
ministration, despite Mr. Chamberlain's
success. He will be surrounded by Re
publican state officers and confronted by a
Republican Legislature.
OTHER COM3IEXT OX THE ELECTION
The Issue "Will De National.
Denver Times.
Although the result of the Gubernatorial
election in Oregon Is still in doubt, the
more important question to be determined
by the vote of last Monday Is settled. The
Republicans have elected the two Con
gressmen and have an overwhelming ma
jority in each branch of the Legislature,
insuring the election of a Republican
United States Senator.
The country Is deeply interested In
this election because it is the first
fight In the battle for control of tho
next Congress. The fact that the Repub
licans have elected the first members of
the F.tty-elghth Congress to be chosen
may bo accepted as lndlaatlve of the final
result
The Issue In the Oregon election was
squarely drawn on the National question
of the Administration's attitude In the
Philippines. The Democratic platform
demanded independence for the Filipinos,
and the Democratic speakers and press
were outspoken In their criticism of the
United States Army and the Government's
conduct of the war. The Republicans in
dorsed the Administration's policy In deal
ing with the insurgents arid its proposals
for the future government of the Islands.
This eame Issue will probably be raised
in every Congressional campaign in the
country this Summer. The Democrats
have assumed that the people do not in
dorse the Republican policy and have
claimed that the electors will repudiate It
at their first opportunity.
Democratic prediction has failed of ful
fillment In Oregon where the Issue was
squarely fought, as It Is likely to fall else
where. Will Be Follovred In November.
Springfield (111.) Journal.
The Republican triumph was decisive
and significant Large majorities were
returned for the two Republican candi
dates for Congress, and all of the other
Republican candidates for state offices
were elected by good majorities. In the
next Legislature, which will elect a United
States Senator, the Republicans will have
60 members and the Democrats but 30.
giving the Republicans twice as big a ma
jority on joint ballot as they had in the
preceding L?glslature.
This is a striking victory, and gives sat
isfaction to Republicans everywhere. It
is especially gratifying because it was
won on National issues, and affords an
indication of the drift of popular senti
ment regarding the Issues that will be be
fore the American people In the Congres
sional elections this year. In the cam
paign in Oregon the Republicans stood
squarely for National expansion and de
manded the retention of the Philippines.
The Democrats opposed expansion, and the
result is seen In the triumphant election
of Republican Congressmen and in the big
majority in the Legislature, which will
elect a Senator. The voters of Oregon
have Indorsed strongly the attitude of the
Republican party and the course of the
Republican Administration, as jhe people
of the Nation will do in November.
A Lesson for Democrats.
Minneapolis Tribune.
The Democrats tried to make an Issue
out of Imperialism, and clumsily turned
it into an attack upon the honor and con
duct of the American Army. This has
brought a spontaneous reaction of public
opinion against them, of which the Re
publicans will take advantage in the cam
paign, though they lacked the quick sense
td do it while the debate was going on.
The speeches of Democratic speakers
against the Army are to be circulated in
the campaign, though there seems to be
no particular need of It This is a case
where the people have taken the initiative
lu resenting attack upon the Army, and
Republicans will get the benefit of it in
the elections. The Oregon election i3 slg-"
nlficant in this respect The Republicans
made the campaign on National Issues
to cover up their factional fight The
people elected a Democratic Governor to
rebuke faction, but elected the whole Re
publican delegation to Congress by 10,000
majority.
Democrats; Losing- Hope.
St Louis Globe-Democrat.
Democratic prophets are not quite so
exuberant over the outlook In the Con
gressional canvass as they were before
the election In Oregon a week ago. The
increased majority which the two Repub
lican candidates for Congress got in the
election In that state shows that the
chances for a Republican victory In No
vember are extremely favorable. The Is
sues which will be up in the canvass
throughout the country were at the front
In tho campaign for Congress In Oregon,
and there the Republicans made a gain
over even the high total of 1D0O. All the
Indications point to a big triumph for the
Republicans in this year's voting. The
Democratic leaders are beginning to con
cede defeat for their side already.
What Lodge Thought.
Boston Herald.
It may be true, as Senator Lodge takes
occasion to observe, that his Philippine
speech swept Oregon. The announcement
would have been somewhat more interest
ing if somebody else l"?ad promulgated the
information. It frequently happens that
statesmen are more or less prejudiced In
favor of their own statesmanship.
Why Customs Duties Are "Odious."
Indianapolis Journal.
Mr. William E. Curtis, of the Chicago
Record-Herald, writes that there Is no
trouble with passing goods through the
Custom-House at New York If those who
do so are honest He says that one of
the women who vlslteq Secretary Shaw
with complaints swore to 5172 worth of
dutiable goods, when an examination
showed that she had 51S0O worth, and an
other, who made oath to ?320 worth, was
found to have goods to the value of 2S00.
The odlousness of the law Is found In the
fact that It prevents well-to-do people
bringing good3 Into the country upon
which people who remain at home must
pay duties.
- NOTE AND COMMENT.
These days in June do not seem to be so
rare.
The posse is still Merrllly Tracing the
convicts. Police!
, Those convicts must have a taint of
Boer blood In their veins.
The sleuths who know exactly how to
catch the- outlaws continue to remain at
home.
It Is the nlain dutv of Game Warden
Qulraby to arrest Merrill and Tracy for
violating the game law.
Through some oversight the. Governor
has not yet ordered out the regimental
band for the benefit of Mr. Tracy and
Mr. Merrill.
A debate at the High School has de
cided that the negroes should not be
disfranchised. Go back and get your bal
lots, bruddern.
The Atlanta Constitution thinks a great
Democratic victory has been won on Ore
gon. The Constitution ought to follow
the flag out here and take a look at the
returns.
One of the posse that was chasing
Tracy and Merrill yesterday toward New
Era plunged the rowels In hissteed and
trolled forth the following carol, which
sounds like something we have seen be
fore somewhere:
.On the road to New Eray.
Where the lop-eared bloodhounds bay.
And the hunted, hounded convicts
Make the great, big get-away.
Representative "Warnock, of Ohio, who
was Judge of the Court of Special Pleas
In hlb district for 10 years, was once try
ing a case In which a woman was on the
stand as a-witness. "How old arc you?"
asked the attorney who was questioning
her. The woman hesitated. "Don't hesi
tate," suggested tho lawyer. "The longer
you hesitate the older you will be."
Immigration In the month of May at
New York has broken all previous rec
ords, the arrivals numbering over SS.500.
Thl3 compares with a former high record
of 73,000, which was established In the
same month of 1S03, when that number
of Immigrants landed at Ellis Island.
Then, however, they came largely frcm
Ireland and northern Europe; now 70 per
cent of them come from Italy, Austria,
Hungary and Russia. It Is stat,ed by one
of the immigration commissioners thit
at least 53 per cent of those now coming
are undesirable, because having no trade
or regular vocation.
Dr. Tempest Anderson, the expert pho
tographer, of York, England, who has
inlled for St Vincent, Is the possessor
of a large series of prints of volcanic
features obtained during travels In va
rious parts of the world. In September,
1S98, he made a stay of a week on the
slopes of Vesuvius, taking photographs of
the volcano at the period when it was in
eruption. Again, in, the Summer of 19C0,
he was exploring with a party of geolo
gists along the Colorado Canyon of tho
United States, studying the little known
volcanic formations of that remarkable
district Nile Is a member of many scien
tific societies, and is a Justice of the
Peace for the City of York.
The form of service authorized for use
In Anglican churches on coronation day
ard the Sunday following- has not met
with universal appreciation. Exception
has- been taken to the omission BOf the
elause in the oath which declares the
King's Intention "to preserve unto tho
bishops and clergy of England and to tho
church therein committed to their charge
all such rights and privileges" as by law
appertain to them. The omission is prob
ably due to the desire to make the serv
ice more acceptable to the increasing
number of Nonconformists who adopt
liturgical services. It has also been point
ed out that the words explaining the sym
bolic meaning of the orb, the ring and the
two sceptres should have been Included
In the service. Some of the clergy have
declared their Intention to omit the ab
breviated oath, and others have sought
permission from their diocesans to use it
In full. The Prlmato will, it Is understood,
authorize an alternative form for use In
his diocese, and several bishops have in
timated their Intention to do the same in
their respective dioceses.
A Professional Charity AVorker.
Philadelphia Record.
"The newest profession for women is
that of a charity worker," remarked a
prominent clubwoman yesterday. "You
needn't laugh. There really is such a pro
fession, and it is new, and If I were a
young woman I would enter Into training
for It There Is not much competition as
yet, and the opportunities for studying
charity work are limited, but still It is
now possible. New York has established
a training school for charity workers, and
it is meeting with success. The women
who enter are put Into active service at
visiting under proper leadership, and then
there are courses of lectures upon tho
different phases of the subject. It Is quite
worth entering from a financial stand
point also. Philadelphia is proverbially
conservative, and yet we pay the young
woman at the head of our organizing
charities the salary of &000. and she carl
greatly supplement it by lecturing and
literary work upon the subject of her
profession. Other cities do better than
this, and tho time Is not far distant when
all charitable work will be conducted In a
methodical manner by an expert who
will be well paid for her services."
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGUAPHERS
Don't worry about crossing a bridge until
you come to it not even if It's the Brooklyn
bridge. Puck.
"Ho has had an Interesting career, hasn't
he?" "Well, rather. He has been through
two fortunes, three wives and a sanitarium."
Life.
Tempus Fuglt. "I don't like tho man."
"Why not?" "I hadn't been talking to him
flvo minutes before he said I was an idiot."
"Why the delay?" Judge.
Anything for a Cure Mrs." Nexdorc Tve
been thinking of trying to have my daughter's
voice cultivated. Would you? Mrs. Pepprey
By all means. If you have tried every other
remedy. Philadelphia Press.
Questions and Answers Once More. A daily
paper states that William Kobb has been sen
tenced at Glasgow to (JO days for stealing bag
pipes. Why did William Robb? Because it
was his nature to bag pipes. Punch.
Another Crime. Struckoyle (sHowlng his qrt
colectlon) Ain't that bull-flght picture a
beaut? T paid an artist $2300 to paint that for
me, to order. Cutting Well! Well! It Is sur
prising what some men will do for money.
Isn't It? Puck.
Politely Put. Biggs Is Wlndig a man whoso
word one can depend upon? Dlggs Well. I
wouldn't care to say anything against him, but
in the language of the poet It might b. safe
to remark that to him "truth Is stranger than
fiction." Chicago Daily News.
Elngo I'm going to bring my wife round to
call on you tonight. WInterby That's right;
but do me a favor, old man. Don't let her
wear her new sealskin cloak. I don't want my
wife to see it Just now. Bingo (grimlj) Why,
that's what we are coming for. Tlt-Blts.
For Outside Consumption. Constituent
.What's the use of those long debates of yours
in the Senate on the Philippine question? Hav8
you succeeded in changing a single vote by
them? Eminent Statesman Well, of course,
wo can't tell about that until after the Fall
elections. Chicago Trlbun