B
THE MORNING OE33GONIAN, WEDNESDAY, MAY 21, 1902.
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TODAY'S "WEATHER Partly cloudy, with
occasional light chow era; warmer; westerly
winds.
YESTERDAY'S "WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 58; minimum temperature, 47; pre
cipitation. 0.12 Inch.
PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, MAY 21.
TOO BUSY TO TALK POLITICS.
Oregon may go Democratic In June,
and If it does the blame "Will rest upon
the business men and worklngmen who
are to much engrossed with their dally
activities to take the neecssary trouble.
"Whatever injury Democratic success
throughout the country should subse
quently carry to labor and business will
have been deliberately invited by those
interests through inaction.
A dull campaign and a light vote
That is the apparent situation. The
ranks of industry, both employer and
employed, are apathetic, though they
are the most concerned. Business is
booming, and Its demands- upon every
body are severe. There is no time to
think about the issues of the campaign;
'THERE "WAS TIME ENOUGH FOR
EVERYBODY TO TALK POLITICS IX
1894 AXD 1800. THERE WILL BE
TIME ENOUGH AGAIN IP THE DEMO
, CRATS ARE RESTORED TO POWER.
Is anybody so unthinking as to sup
pose that the present conditions of pros
perity will maintain themselves, if the
political support that has made them
possible be withdrawn? Can any be
so credulous as to believe that a verdict
here in Oregon for scuttle, retraction
and hostile tariffs will produce the same
results as a verdict for expanded terri
tory and commerce, sound money and
conservation of trade and manufac
tures? If you want to let well enough
alone, is it wise through neglect to de
clare for a change?
If it is acceptable to be too busy to
talk politics, is it not worth while to
make some little exertion to perpetuate
that condition?
GOOD NEWS.
Sir. Harrlman's promise of the Clear
water .extension of the O. R. & N. is not
the less welcome to Portland because
long delayed. From time immemorial
the region between Riparia and Lewis
ton has desired railroad connection with
Portland and Portland has chafed un
der the feeling that the rich Clear
water country, its natural tributary,
was first burled in inaccessibility and
then turned over to rival hands. A
long-desired opportunity has come along
at last, and that it will be taken ad
vantage of goes without saying.
It is inconceivable that the Harrlman
system should have agreed to build this
road merely for the purpose of afford
ing the Northern Pacific an exit from
Lewiston. on easy grades. Much more
reasonable an explanation is the hy
pothesis that this Clearwater agreement
is the precursor of far more extensive
jointures between the Harrlman and
Hill combinations in Pacific Northwest
territory. The Northern Pacific, for ex
ample, may yet run its trains down the
O. R. & N. tracks into Portland, and
the O. R. & N. be given desired facili
ties Into the Big Bend and Puget Sound.
The conservative habit of Mr. J. P.
Morgan and the devotion of Mr. Harrl
man to the principle of railway com
bination, taken in connection with the
rapprochement clearly visible in a
measure of joint representation on di
rectorates and friendly conferences like
the present one between Presidents
Harrlman and Mellen, render the pros
pect of railroad wars hereabouts ex
tremely remote. If we accept It as a
fact that amity is to prevail, how will
Portland be affected? In general, it is
obvious, favorably. The principal suf
ferer, from construction wars and secret
rebates and bullheaded breaking down
of natural conditions by artificial de
vices, has been Portland. If it becomes
as cheap to the Northern Pacific to haul
freight down the O. 'R. & N. tracks to
Portland as across the Cascades to Pu
get Sound; If It becomes as cheap for
an exporter to route his wheat to Port
land as to Puget Sound, wherever his
ship may be is not so open and free a
situation certain to operate in favor of
Portland?
At first thought there is a natural feel
ing of regret that the Lewiston line is
not the O. R. & N.'s own, Instead of
some joint affair whose traffic details
are yet shrouded in mystery. Yet if
this town gets an even show, it will
never complain for want of a handicap
in its favor. It "has learned by experi
ence that it has to do for itself. There
was a happy prophecy in the motto
.adopted for Oregon by her founders,
"She files with her own wings," for
there has never been a town that has
had to rustle for itself as Portland has.
She built the O. R. & N., she is building
rx into Klickitat, and -she may yet
have to build Into the Biff Bend. Kail
roads may furnish tracks and trains, J
but the city Itself must get the business.
PORTLAND'S STRIKE.
The heaviest losers In every strike
are the Btrikera The mills or mines
may lose a little interest on Invested
capital, but in the end they may be
able to recoup themselves for some of
this los3 from the public, and in any
event their families will suffer little or
no inconvenience, their leg of mutton
will make its customary appearance
with mint sauce and brown gravy, their
cigars will suffer no impairment of
quality. Iabor. If anybody, will suffer.
To Its cost It knows the loss of wages,
the temptations of the Idle hour, the
bitterness of defeat, the scars even in
separable from complete victory after a
long lockout.
This Is all known by organized labor
In Portland, and it has counted the cost.
There Is a vast difference between the
uprisings of Ignorant and passionate
men, many of them newly arrived here
and unfamiliar with our ways, and such
a strike as organized labor in Portland
sets on foot. Those old affairs of East
era mining districts were often ordered
by brainless and unscrupulous blather
skites, but the worklngmen of Portland
are their own masters, all more or less
educated, and some of them comfort
ably off in a financial way. It la to be
presumed they know what they are
about, and that they have sober reason
to believe the principles they are con
tending for are worth what It "will cost
to maintain them.
Questions of hours and wages are
matters for evidence and Investigation
and proper subjects for arbitration,
which should always be invoked If pos
sible; but the question of unionism can
only be settled, It appears, by resort to
force. The worklngmen are doubtless
no more disposed to submit their right
of organization to capital than capital
would be to submit its right of organi
zation to labor. The tendency to com
bination is so strong that the principle
of unionism will probably prove Invin
cible In the end. Defeats will doubtless
occur from time to time, but victory Is
likely to come at last. Whether the
present strike for a nine-hour day in
Portland belongs to the rule or the ex
ceptions cannot be foretold, but we seem
in a fair way to find out
PACTS OX THE COAL STRIKE.
A book recently published, "The An
thracite Coal Industry," by Peter Rob
erts, to which Professor Sumner, of
Tale College, has written an Introduc
tion, describes its economic history with
a thoroughness that obtains universal
commendation from the leading jour
nals of the East The author of this
book says that the great trouble lies in
the fact that there exists no uniform
method of wage adjustment There is
an unjust variation In the compensa
tion of labor that can and ought to be
corrected. Different prices are paid for
the same work, not only in adjoining
collieries, but in the same mines.
Through the favoritism and injustice of
the foremen, weighing and dockage
have come to stand for unfair discrim
ination. The miners secured a general
Increase of 10 per cent in wages in the
strike of 1900, but the wrong of un
equal pay for equal work was not ad
justed, and forms today a principal
cause of the present strike.
Dr. Roberts places the average cost
of mining coal and loading upon cars
at 51 25 a ton. Of this cost, only 50
oents is for mining, and labor altogether
absorbs probably not over 90 cents, so
that the 10 per cent advance In wages
conceded in 1900 means an additional
cost of less than 10 cents a ton. But the
coal syndicate at once advanced the
price of coal at tidewater over 50 cents
a ton. The cost of mining and putting
coal on cars including taxes, Insurance,
office expenses, etc., Is, according to Dr.
Roberts, but ?1 56 per ton; and yet the
cost of coal at tidewater, hardly 150
miles away, is at present i and more a
ton. The explanation of the situation
is found in the fact that the anthracite
coal fields are now almost entirely in
the hands of three or four transporta
tion companies, who control the coal
output, as follows: '
Per cent.
Reading Company .....42-25
Central of New Jersey 17.30
Lehigh Valley ..16.S7
Lackawanna CM
Pennsylvania , 0.24
Erie (about) 4.00
The Springfield .Republican says that
through ownership of stock the Reading
now controls the Central of New Jersey,
and that representatives of the Erie,
the Lackawanna, Central of New Jersey
and Reading were a year ago placed in
the Lehigh Valley Railroad's directory,
so that five railroads are operated prac
tically as one and control 86 per cent
of the total coal production. The syndi
cate railroads impose excessive charges
for carriage against their own coal and
that of the independent operators. These
charges areabout 1 cent a ton per mile,
while the rate for other freight of like
class over the same roads would be.
only about one-fifth of the rate charged
on hard coal. The Chesapeake & Ohio
Railroad charges only about 2 mills
per ton-mile, and the average, charge
on railway freight of all classes In the
section to which the hard coal rail-
roads belong is only about 6 mills per
ton-mile, as against 10 mills for coal,
the cheapest of all freight to carry. A
reasonable charge for carriage of coal
by the syndicate railroads would reduce
the price of coal at tidewater $1 a ton.
The Springfield Republican, referring
to the fact that the United States Gov
ernment is now prosecuting an alleged
combination of meat packers, fairly
says that If an unincorporated meat
combination is contrary to law, this coa"i
combination must also be contrary to
law. The coal syndicate Is an unprinci
pled and greedy combination which has
used the 10 per cent advance of wages
conceded In 1900 as an excuse for ad
vancing the price of coal to the con
sumer to a greater extent than was
called for.
Against such a soulless combination's
effort to exact an extortionate price for
one of the primitive necessaries of life
public opinion will ultimately prevail
The miners today insist upon dealing
with the operators through the United
Mineworkers Union, which embraces
nearly all the labor employed In the
hard coal region, but the operators in
sist on dealing each with his own em
ployes. Dr. Roberts warns the operat
ors" that the United Mineworkers
Union Is a fact they have to account
with in adjusting wages, and that there
will never be an amicable adjustment
of wages except through collective bar
gaining between the operators and em
ployes. The syndicate of operating cor
porations, however, refuses to recognize
the union and deal with its officials as
representing the whole body of miners.
Public sympathy will be with the min
ers, because the public will say a cor
poration greedy enough to exact an
extortionate price for coal is certainly
soulless enough to pinch and skin its
labor.
PREE BLT NOT INDEPENDENT.
"Cuba Libre," the dream of centuries.
Is at last a fact. The United States
occupied Cuba in trust after thirty
years of Intermittent Insurrection. The
war which had raged between Cuba and
Spain for three years previous to the
dispossession of Spain by the United
States had destroyed Its sugar planta
tions so completely that the sugar prod
uct had fallen from 1,000,000 to 70,000
tons. Yellow fever was perennial. The
horrors of war had swept off a sixth of
the population herded in military camps
In 1S97 and 1838, whose mortality de
stroyed nearly all . the young ohildren.
The island was without agriculture or
industry or trade. The cities were di
vided into hostile Cuban and Spanish
factions. The planters were without
credit. The country swarmed with ban
dits. The sanitary condition of the cit
ies made them pesthouses.
In four years the Insurgent army has
been disbanded without discord or fric
tion. The Insurgent government is dis
solved. There is better order than Cuba
has ever known. Yellow fever has been
excluded for the first time for 400 years.
The death rate shows that Cuba is one
of the most healthy of tropical Islands.
Schools have been opened and teachers
trained. Education has been freed from
sectarian burdens and Is free to all.
Credit has been xestored. Sugar plan
tations have been re-equlpped, and pro-
.duce this year 635,000 tons, two-thirds
of a full crop. All agriculture has re
vived. Peace prevaila Labor Is em
ployed. The hospitals, charities and
jails have been reorganized, rebuilt and
re-equlpped. The lighthouses have been
rebuilt. The ports and harbors have
been completely renovated and equipped.
The courts have been re-established
and reorganized, and complete quaran
tine and Immigration service ha been
established. In return for all this ex
penditure of blood and treasure the
Cubans in the constitution adopted by
them for their local government agree:
That Cuba shall never enter into any treaty
or compact with any foreign power which will
impair or tend to impair her Independence, nor
In any manner authorize or permit any foreign
power to obtain by colonization, or for mili
tary purposes, or otherwise, lodgment In or
control over any portion of the island.
That Cuba shall not assume or contract any
public debt to pay Interest upon which and fa
make reasonable provision for the ultimate
discharge of which the ordinary revenues, a.f
ter defraying the current expenses of govern
ment, shall be inadequate.
That the United States may intervene for the
preservation of Cuban Independence, the main
tenance of a government adequate to tho pro
tection of life, propertj, and Individual liberty,
and for discharging the obligations Imposed by
the treaty of Paris on the United States.
Cuba here pledges herself not in any
manner to alienate her territory nor to
mortgage her revenues to any foreign
power. She concedes the right of the
United States to Insist that Cuba's In
ternal government shall be adequate to
the protection of life, liberty and prop
erty, and under this constitution Cuba's
right to make treaties and Incur debts
Is strictly limited. Cuba therefore Is
not an Independent nation, but depend
ent upon tho United States. The pro
tectorate assumed by the United States
over Cuba Is much more complete than
Great Britain ever claimed In the
TransvaaL It is about as complete as
it could be. made short pf annexation
and without sacrificing theAraerlcan
prlnclple-ofiogal self-government,
It is clear from these facts that to
speak of Cuba as 'independent" Is ncot
strictly correct; she Is dependent upon
the good will of the United States. Her
eo-called Independence Is limited by the
approval and sanction of her conduct
for the future by the United States.
She is practically nothing but an ex
perimental state on her good behavior.
If she ever becomes a derelict govern
ment, the United States can and doubt
less will interfere.
RAIL VERSUS RIVER.
Perhaps It may be only a matter of
sentiment Instead of business that
causes the Portland business men to
pay no heed to Mr. Mellen's recom
mendation that they abandon the river
route to the sea. If it Is sentiment, it
emanates from'a source where It might
be least expected. The business men
who are using this river highway in
floating products to the high seas may
feel a sentimental pride in this beauti
ful city that has sprung from a wilder
ness and waxed great at a point where
steam and sail meet. This sentiment
could be gratified to the limit were the
operations of these men confined to the
small local field for trade. Unfortu
nately for sentiment, however, the en
terprising Portlanders are out for the
money. They are floating cargoes of
wheat, flour, lumber and other products
whldh must face the competition of the
world. Portland flour, wheat or lumber
Is afloat today for Siberia, China, Ja
pan, India, Australia, New Zealand,
Africa and Europe, and representatives
of Portland exporters can be found to
day In pretty nearly every big coun
try on the face of the earth.
To hold her own In this great race for
trade Portland must "cut corners" and
save expenses wherever It Is possible to
do so, and whenever there is the small
est fraction of a cent to be saved on a
bushel of wheat or a thousand feet of
lumber by using rail Instead of river
between Portland and the sea, senti
ment will vanish and business will take
a harid In the question. The time will
never come when ships cannot get up
and down the river between Portland
and Astoria If they can enter the river
at all. Portland has anticipated the in
creasing size of vessels plying in this
trade, and they are handled today with
better dispatch between this city and
Astoria than between Astoria and the
sea.
There is another point to be consid
ered when the increasing size of ships
is a factor in the question. As the size
of ships increase their operations are
limited to a comparatively small num
ber of ports, and there will always be
plenty of business for the moderate
sized carriers. In the marine column
this morning Is an item from a Tacoma
paper stating tha,t the steamship Tang
tse was unable to enter the port of
Falrhaven, where 500 tons of salmon
awaited her for shipment to Europe.
This was through freight, and the own
ers of the Tangtse will lose over $5000
through being obliged to leave it The
mammoth freighters which the Great
Northern is building for the Oriental
trade cannot enter the Columbia River
and cannot come to Portland fully
loaded. Their field for operation is sim
ilarly restricted In the Orient, as there
are but three or four ports at which
they can do business, while there are
hundreds of ports at which the moderate-sized
freighter can do direct busi
ness at a profit, where trans-shipment
from, big steamers would show a loss.
A 4500-ton wheat ship has been lying
idle at Astoria for two months, and
during that time half a dozen other
vessels of about half the size have been
taken at much higher rates than the
owners of the big ship would accept,
the size of the ship making it difficult
for exporters either to buy or to sell
her cargo to advantage. Portland can
handle 8000 and 10,000-ton modem-built
freighters without difficulty, and there
will always be plenty of business for
them, no matter how large the ships
may be wUh which they come in com
petition. If the cargo of one of these
Portland freighters can be transferred
to Astoria by rail for less money than
it costs to take it down in the hold of
the ship, it will go by rail. Otherwise
It will continue to follow the route
which Portland exporters find the most
economical.
A correspondent Inquires "Why have
British prisoners been reported as 're
leased by the Boers instead of 'pa
roled, as is the custom in war when
the prisoners are considered too great
a burden to the capturing foe?"
Whether the word used Is "paroled" or
"released," it Implies a pledge on the
prisoner's part not to fight against his
captors In the present war except at
his own risk. The British commander
has thus far treated his officers and
men captured and then released by Jhe
Boers as honorably bound by military
usage to keep the pledge exacted of
them. Thousands of men, who had
been paroled by Grant at Vicksburg,
were "released" from the obligations of
their parole on some pretext set up by
Jeff Davis and fought the United States
again before they were regularly ex
changed, but there has been no disposi
tion on the part of Lord Kitchener to
refuse to respect whatever pledge was
exacted of his men when released. Of
course, it is within the power of any
military commander to release a cap
tive without any conditions whatever,
but It Is a fair presumption that the
usual pledges were exacted of the Brit
ish prisoners by their captors on their
release. The Boers have no permanent
military base; no food, no transporta
tion to form a depot for prisoners such
as they had at Pretoria, and, after dis
arming them, were of course forced to
release men they could not feed, guard
or imprison.
We would sympathetically and re
spectfully suggest to Weather Fore
caster Beals tha in order to save wear
and tear of nerves for himself and dis
appointment for the public he return for
a time to the methods pursued in fore
casting the weather by almanac-makers
of a former era. Beginning at the top
of the recordfbf the month of May, the
announcement "Look for sh'owers. about
this time" was carried to the bottom,
and it was seldom, indeed, that the
prophecy was not made good some
where along the line. The other
months were dealt with In like man
ner, with due deference to the season
of the year. Thus we were bidden to
look for growing weather in June, hot
wedther in July, a long dry spell in
August, frost or rain according to loca
tion in September, Indian Summer in
October, high winds In November, enow
In December, and so on, guided simply
by the experience of ages of changing
seasons, throughout the year. The most
gratifying feature of this method' was
that its. probability was unquestioned,
and, except lb. a most phenomena Rea
son, the prognostication wasvsuretto be
fulfilled. ' '
The loss of a good man and a compe
tent, conscientious educator Is recorded
In the tragical death of Eugene L.
Schaefer, head master of the Bishop
Scott Academy. The man who has
given the best thought and the un
flagging energy of his mind for many
years to the details of educational work
In accordance with the policy of a
school or college Is of necessity limited
to work of this character. Hence it Is
not difficult to understand what unex
pected discharge from a long accus
tomed place means to such a man, more
especially when his power to battle for
recognition elsewhere has been weak
ened by illness. In this view the man
who took his own life at Bishop Scott
Academy Tuesday morning is en
titled to sympathy rather than cen
sure. The transaction over which
he brooded with fatal results was
strictly in the line of business necessity
and entirely devoid of unkind feeling,
hence the unhappy circumstance can
only be deplored as one of the dark
vicissitudes of life that culminates In
sudden and shocking death.
Lord Pauncefote Is said by political
wiseacres In and about Washington to
be dying of a broken heart. Induced
by criticisms concerning his connection
with the American-Spanish War. It
was asserted that the United States
sheltered an enem7 In the person of
some foreign diplomat Criticisms
pointed sharply to Pauncefote, causing,
it is alleged, worry and humiliation
that weakened his power of resistance
to the disease from which he had long
suffered. Despondency is well known to
be a potent auxiliary of disease, espe
cially of the circulatory system, yet
Lord Pauncefote does not look like a
man whom i would be possible to
worry to death. A "broken heart" is
a malady that sturdy British statesmen
can certainly be depended upon to resist
successfully. "With gout and asthma,
the real enemies that confront Lord
Pauncefote, It Is different. To these he
will probably have to capitulate event
ually, but It may be hoped that the
day of his surrender Is yet far away.,
That most devout and worthy body
of ecclesiastics known as Seventh-Day
AdventistS' show zeal if not discretion
in the announcement that their annual
campmeetlng will be begun tomorrow
In this city. Living In tents has Its
charms, but these are not discernible
when, In order to be comfortable in the
house, the fire in heating stove or fur
nace must be kept going all day long,
and for outdoor comfort Winter wraps
are essential. But tenting in the rain
Ugh I Visions of state fairs of years
that are gone are called up by the sug
gestion, with such force of reality as to
cause a shudder of chill discomfort to
come zigzagging down the years and
end in an emotion of pity for those who
seek reinforcement of religious beliefs
by worshiping in dripping, wind-torn
tents.
The voters of Rhode Island next No
vember are to be allowed to pass upon
a constitutional amendment which pro
vides that 5000 voters may propose spe
cific amendments to the constitution,
and when so proposed such amend
ments etiall .be submitted to the peo
ple, and if approved by a majority of
the electors voting at their town meet
ings, the same will become a part of
the fundamental lawof the state.
A TYPICAL CALUMNY.
New York Times.
The syndicate of vltuneratlon which
Senator Dolllvcr challenged the other day
"tp name the case of one woman or of
one child that had suffered by an order
of General Smith in Samar" is fertile in
falsehoods and active in their dissem
ination. Senator Turner, of Washington,
read one of these slanderous inventions
in the Senate the other day, and it ap
peara in the Record as a part of his
speech. This particular He attained pub
licity In the form of a special dispatch
to the Washington Post from Lynn.
Mass.. dated May 5. We quote three par
agraphs from this dispatch: i
"One thousand- Filipino prisoners shot in
platoons over the graves themselves had been
forced to dig; a priest, who acted In the dual
capacity of father confessor and General,
hanged before th slaughter of the prisoners
and within thoir sight."
Such are some of the charges made by J,
Pennett Walker, a private In Company I.
Slxtenth Infantry, now at Sorsogon, In the
Philippines, In letters to his father, the Rev.
V. H. Wallter, D. D., of this city. He U a
special Instructor at the Gordon Missionary
Training School, Boston. Private Walker en
listed at the outbreak of the Spanish war",
and was commended for bravery at San Juan.
The Rev. Dr. Walker has more than a dozen
letters. Ha refuses to make them public, how
ever, as he Eays: "The story Is too fearful.
My boy has written to me as son to father,
and in the face of tho Inquiry now going on
r fear it might bring hlra into trouble with
his superiors."
Senator Turner had the decency to say
that there was grave queotlon about the
accuracy of these statements. That he
believed them, however, or was eager to
believe them arid willing to do the Army
all the harm that could come from repeat
ing them Is proved by the fact that he in
corporated the stuff In his speech.
Senator Turner spoke on May 6. On
May 8 Senator Lodge presented proof
that this story, of the shooting of 1000
Filipino prisoners was a baseless fabrica
tion. He produced a dispatch in which
the Rev. W. H. Walker, of Lynn, stated
that letters received from his son con
tained nothing but a review of the sol
dier's life in the Philippines. "In nqne
of the letters was any reference made to
cruelty, nor did my eon criticise the
American troops in any way.", N
"I let that go with tnt, rest," said Sen
ator Lodge in dismissing tho matter.
There la a horde of these inventions, a
product of the diseased fancy or tho ma
licious and revengeful minds of unscru
pulous men. some of whom have been oi
are soldiers In the Philippines. The antl
imperiallats seize upon them and exploit
them to the utmost with a delight they
make no attempt to conceal Most read
ers of tho anti-Imperialist press arid antl
imperiallst speeches have undoubtedly
received" the impression that boys above
the age of 10 were actually killed In Sa
mar under General Smith's order.
Tfo Room for Protest.
St Paul Pioneer Press.
An appeal to clergymen of nil denomi
nations to protest against "conditions in
the Philippines" has been signed by sev
eral New York clergymen. The circular
has not reached us, but it Is safe to aay
that it does not enumerate among these
conditions the djsembowllng, roasting
and mutilating of our soldiers, the mur
der and torture by guerrilla bands of
natives suspected of being friendly to
the "United States. Nor Is It likely to
aet forth the causes of the war which
the United States has been waging or
the conditions that exist In the pacified
provinces In contrast with the conditions
that existed under Spain. Acts of cruelty
In violation of the laws of war ahould
be ferreted out and severely punished,
and steps have already been taken to
this end by the Administration. A pro
test may relieve surcharged minds, but it
can hardly have any practical effect In
putting a stop to practices that already
have been stopped. One. would imagine
that the entire Army and Civil Govern
ment' at this present moment, instead of
being busy In setting up orderly govern
ments, building schools and administering
real Justice for the first time elnce the dis
covery of the Islands, were busy stuffing
water down the throats of the natives.
The appeal Is more likely to call fortn
from most of the clergymen addresaed
not a protest against conditions in .the
Philippines, but a protest against condi
tions In those circles of Boston and New
York which have had nothing but vllllflca
tlon for the 'purposes and policies of the
American people and Its army and for Its
splendid deeds of humanity.
The Protector of America.
Minneapolis Tribune.
The United States Is near to Martinique
and France is remote. The United States
is a rich Nation and France Is poor. It
is natural that this Nation should be first
on the ground with relief measures and
that its generosity should be more ample.
Human sympathy is not limited by na
tional frontiers or border lines of race or
speech. But It is not only In the matter
of relief of suffering that France has
failed to meet the crisis of this awful
disaster with promptness and energy. The
Island has not been policed effectively
since a convulsion of nature threw its
social system into chaos. Fragments of
news, almost overlooked in the greater
Interest in the tale of human woe. Indi
cate how completely the forces of order
have broken down on the Island. There are
hints- of anarchy and unrestrained loot
ing, which the civil government and gar
rison seem powerless to prevent, while
they are unwilling to accept assistance.
Thore was a story of pirates captured by
American sailors and turned over to the
French cruiser. There Is a later story of
an offer to land American marines, which
the French authorities refused to permit
The truth seems to be that the local gov
ernment has broken down under the blow.
This is interesting as an indication of how
far all European colonial government on
this continent but the English has decay
ed, and how unfit It would be to bear
any sudden and severe political or social
strain. In whatever convulsion of nature
or society, the real protector of all Ameri
can lands must be In the United States.
Malcolm Ford's Misfortune.
A former intimate friend of Malcolm
Ford, In a letter to the New York Sun,
gives a new view of hjs perverted char
acter, and a hint at some of its causes.
Ho was thwarted, in the first instance,
in following his intellectual bent toward
mechanics, which was so strong that,
whllo an office boy for Judge Hilton, he
r would, after a long day's work, spend
-nan tne nignt at a muie in a worKanop
on John street, and when I first knew
him the Idea of competing in athletic
games had never entered his mind, and
he had scarcely an Idea of his wonder
ful physical powers. His workmanship
In metal and wood carving, whether with
a lathe or a penknife, was marvelously
fine, and I am convinced that If he had
been encouraged In this direction, ath
letics would have had but an Incidental
Interest to him; or if, in spite of thesa
obstacles In his way, he had not suddenly
been distracted from such pursuits by the
discovery of his extraordinary physical
powers and his immediate transformation
as a mere boy Into a popular idol and
public character, that he would have
worked his way into a high place in some
branch of the engineering profession.
Why Xixon Failed.
New York Times.
Mr. Nixon never has been the Tam
many leader. There was a fatal fault In
the manner of his accession. Croker
made himself boss by fighting his way
to the top. He imposed himself upon the
organization, punishing enemies till they
subsided, rewarding friends until they
were made loyal. He held the post by
virtue of his own power. Nixon as
sumed to hold It by virtue of Croker's
designation. There Is no such thing as
a boss-ship by appointment Natural se-
confers a valid title. In a gang of street
ragamuffins the strongest and savagest
ngaier oecomes me icaaer, ana so it as in
the Tammany organization.
-- j
OF THE INTERIOR-
St. Paul Pioneer Press.
A correspondent seems to hold that all
people of all races, In any and every
stage of civilization and barbarism, are
capable of exercising the rights and duties
of self-government, and that the United
States is guilty of a grave crime against
liberty and the rights of man in not per
mitting the savage Indian tribes within
its borders to have their own independent
government, to choose their own rulers,
and to renounce all obedience to the au
thority of the United States Government;
that neither they nor the savages of Tim
buctoo or Patagonia need any training or
preparation for the duties and responsi
bilities of self-government, but by virtue
of the simple fact that they are human
beings, created by the same God who
rules the destinies of all mankind, are
fully capable of. exercising these duties,
and are as much entitled to do vo as the
citizens of Minnesota or Massachusetts.
A doctrine of thla kind needs no other
comment than a mere statement of It.
ThA Pinnpr Trii I nultp unable to ex
plain why God made some races Inferior J
ZiSSSTSSZJSr
Tirhv ii. ,. nrri.iinr.ri that nil races besran
their history- as savages but little above
the beasts they slew for food in Intellec
tual and moral development, and why It
required many thousands of years for
them to form even the rudiments of a so
cial state or any conception of govern
ment other than the subjection of the
weakest to the strongest. It does not
know why the whole hlutory of mankind
Is one of evolution from the chaos and
anarchy of barbarism, where might was
the only right and force the only law, to
the orderly arrangements of an organized
civil society In which the power of kings
and barons was limited by the admission
of a portion of the people to some share,
in the government; nor why It was that.
In his good providence, every people now
In full possession of the righto and powers
of self-government have only attained
that stage of political freedom through
centuries of struggle and training.
But without undertaking to explain the
mysterious purposes of the Divine Ruler,
what we know is that there has never
existed and does not now exist on tne lace
of thfr earth any people In the stage of .
civilization yet reached by the Fl.lp.nos j
which has ever exerclafd or shown itself
rannhip nf exerelslne the Dowers and du
ties of self-government except Irr a limited
degree under the tutelage and restraining
authority of a superior race or of an edu
cated governing class of their own race.
If we should dare to interpret the will of
God from the order of providence It would
not be presumptuous to say that he has
not granted self-government to any peo
ple as a natural right Inherent In them as
human beings, but as a prize to be won
by struggle and effort, and reserved only
for the peoples that have proved them
selves worthy of It And the United
States Government Is following the laws
of the historic development of political
liberty throughout all ages and all coun
tries, In endeavoring to prepare the Fili
pinos as rapidly as possible for the exer
cise of the duties and responsibilities of
RPlf-s-nvernment that is to say. It Is fol
lowing the laws of God so far as they
are Interpreted by the course of human
history.
,
Southern View of the Civil Ww.
Mobile Register.
General Grosvenor criticises Secretary
Hay's recent characterization of the war
of lSa-65 as "the war between the states."
He says it is not true historically, and
that it was a war of rebellion.
Now, we take it that a rebellion is a
resistance to a constituted -authority. It
is synonymous with revolution. Tho
Southern 'States seceded from the Union,
which they had voluntarily joined, re
sumed their original status of Independ
ence, and formed a new union. This was
not a rebellion nor a revolution. There
was no authority to which they owed al
legiance"; no law compelling therit to re-'
main. In the Union. The war could be
called a war of secession, since It was
brought on in defense of the right to se
cede; but It Is a misnomer to call It a
rebelllon.-
Nelther was It strictly speaking a war
between the states. Several states on one
Bide were united against several states
on the other, and It was a war between
two unions of stats. Accurately named,
therefore the war would be called the war
between unlona As this name, as wen as
the one used by -Secretary Hay, is un
wieldy and as the two other names used,
the "Civil" War and the "Rebellion," are
Incorrect; and, especially, as the conflict
was between brothers In lineage and lan
guage. It would be correct and sensible to
refer to the war by date, as we do tho
war of 1812-14. The war would then be
called tho war of 1S61-63. The last war
would bo known as the war of 1833.
Warnings in History.
The Tories opposed the Revolutionary
War 177G to 1783 and tho Tory party
was dead at the close of the struggle.
The Federalists opposed the second war
with Great Britain 1812 to 1815-and the
Federal party died in 1816.
Tho Whigs opposed the war with Mex
ico 1813 to 1847 and the Whig party died
In 1852.
Tho Democrats opposed the war, for
the preservation of the Union 1861 to
1865 and the Democratic party has been
successful in but two Presidential clec-
Ltlons since, and the man who 4ed them
on those occasions Is now repudiatea oy
the great majority of the Democratic
partv.
Democrats are at present ppposing the
war for the preservation of our National
authority in the Philippines. Do they
expect that their disloyalty to their coun
try will have any more advantageous re
sult than has followed all similar ac
tion Flnce the foundation of our Govern
ment? Though thou shouldst bray a fool In
a mortar among wheat with a pestle,
yet will not his foolishness depart from
him.'
' t
Always Something: tp Learn,
Boston Journal.
President Eliot was arguing In favor of
education by "showing how" before 'the
kindergartens Wednesday night He said
that he was learning something every day
by being "shown how."
Ho Illustrated hl3 point by describing the
training of medical students, and con
cluded by telling of an old friend of his
who had suddenly become deaf In one
ear.
"How did this happen?" I asked him.
"Well, I was blowing my -nose the other
day, when I felt something snap in my
ear, followed by an aching and dullness.
"When the doctor came he said the
drum had split and asked how I did it
" 'I only blew my nose.' I told the doc-
""Well, had you opened your mouth
when you blew your nose you would not
now have a damaged ear drum,' was the
medico's reply.
"You see. my friend has lived 70 years
and had never been shown how to blow
his nose," concluded President Eliot. The
application was appreciated and greeted
with a great burst of laughter.
Ob the Late Massacre In Piedmont.
John Milton.
Avnge, O Lord! Thy laughter'd saints, whoso
bones
Lie catter'd on the Alpine mountains cold:
Even them who kept thy truth so pure of old
When all our fathers worshlpt stocks and
stones,
Forget not: In thy book record their groans
Vho were thy sheep, and in their ancient fold
Slain by the bloody Piedmontese, that roll'd
Mother with Infant down the rocks. Their
mo&ns i
The vales redoubled to the hills, and they
To heaven. Their tnartyr'd blood and ashes
BOW
'r rU the Itallan flld where atllJ doth "
t triple Tyrant; that from theoa may grow
x hundrea-folc. who, bavins learnt thy way.
Sari; oar fir the Sabylonlan woe.
"rights
X0TE AND COSiMENTf
IT"
The rain Is like the poor.
Today's weather Springless Spring.
. How about that Fourth of July celebra
tion? '
Dally suggestion for a .fair site Goose
Hollow.
Mount Pelee seems to think it must keep
right on living up to Its reputation.
The Texas cyclone came too late to be
Incorporated in the Fall historical novels.
Judging by the experience of the fair
committee, there Is no scarcity of sites
to see in Portland.
If Aguinaldo expects to lecture in this
country he would better take lnfmedlate
steps to be kidnaped.
Alfred Austin has not yet covered the
Martinique disaster, but It takes 'time
to write his kind of poetry.
. u sun, w .o ,
Nelf before the public. True greatness
does not require a championship belt.
President Roosevelt has reappointed the
negro Collector of Customs at Savannah,
Ga.. despite the protest of the Cotton Ex
change and tho Board of Trnde.
Weather like that of the 'past day or
two enables one to realize the truthful
ness of the well-known line of an old
hymn, which says, "December's as pleas
ant as May."
The price of the last seat sold on tho
New York Stock Exchange lb reported as
$75,000 000 more than the Inst preceding
sale. The saive sum was bid for another
seat but that was held at $77,000.
Tho first general assembly o tho Pres
byterian church in the United States of
America was organized shortly after the
Revolution, and at its first meeting. In
1789, the Westminster Confession of Faith
'
Senator McMillan, of Michigan. In a re
cent speech, said: "The fact is. they (the
railroads) are all getting together now,
and I suppose the time will come when
the Government will have to own all
these railroads, and then we can handle
them just as we please."
There was a man In our town.
And he was wise. Indeed.
His Congressman, at his request.
Sent him some garden seed;
And when the seeda refused" to grow.
He straightaway began
To lay his plans full cunningly.
To beat that Congressman.
Colonel H. J. Hester, Secretary of the
fNew Orleans Cotton Exchange, paid a
visit to Omaha the other day. Of New
Orleans he said: "Wo are going to mako
New Orleans the deep-water port of the
West We are going to carry the prod
ucts of the West from tidewater, and we
are going to bring to the states in the
Louisiana Purchase all of the foreign
goods that they need."
The enterprising manager of a Chautau
qua bureau recently offered Senator Han
na 510,000 for a series of IS lectures in
the South and Middle West. Ho was sore
ly disappointed when the Ohio boss re
fused to consider his offer. "Why," said
the manager, plaintively, "It's as much
money as ho gets for serving two years
in the Senate, and he could easily mako
tho circuit In a month."
An attendant In a London business house
was recently approached by a furtive-looking
stranger. The suspicious person,
dressed in somber black, came quite close
to tho attendant, and then, raising his
eyes from the ground, whispered tragical
ly, "Are you prepared to die?" The at
tendant wasn't and he caught the sus
picious one by the throat and half throt
tled him. When the Invalid was recover
ing, it "transpired" that he was an ama
teur missionary Inquiring after every
body's spiritual needs.
Professor Kaiser, a South German me
chanical genius, has published a pamphlet
on "How to Steer an Airship With
Eagles." Professor Kaiser says an eagle
has sufficient strength to draw a balloon,
and, by means of numerous diagrams and
elaborate calculations, he shows how
eagles can be harnessed and the weights
they can pull through the air. In spite of
the ridicule with which the pamphlet has
been received among mechanical aero
nauts. Professor Kaiser Is training a team
of eagles for a balloon which he has In
readiness.
The latest Canadian order-In-counclls is
to forbid Japanese and Chalnese cutting
shingle bolts or logs from the crown
lands. This means that hundreds of Jap
anese will be driven into the United
States, as they .were almost exclusively
employed- The laws are also being passed
against 'Chinese, andJ although they aro
arriving by hundreds on every ship, and
the Canadian Government gets $100 a head,
the Chinamen find that nearly all avenues
are blocked In the way of making a liv
ing in Canada, so they walk Into the
United States. Canada getting the tax
and Washington State getting tne -mna-roen.
The inadequate United States Im
migration staff cannot prevent the China
men crossing the line, while white men
who smuggle them over are getting rich
at $100 a head.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Snevhen I married you. I had no Idea
you would stay, away from home so much.
He "Well, neither had I. Life.
Another Mystery. "And she married Jag
gers, did she? Well, well! How on earth
did that come about?" She So far as I can
learn, it is owing to a mutual misunderstand
ing. Harlem Life.
Sister Why, Lester, you shouldn't ask for
such thlng3 In your prayers. Tou don't know
whether they would be best for all or not.
Lester Say. will you stop Interfering- with me
and the Lord? Chicago Dally News.
Tommy (tearfully) If Jr don't gimme back
them marbles yer nabbed I'll tell my biff
brother. Patsy Tell him! He dasn't do noth
ln'. Tommy-He dasn't? Why? Patsy-Ha
walks out with my sister, see?-Tlt-Blts.
Smith I don't like to make any complaint
to a neighbor, Mr. Jones, but your dog kept
up a terrible barking all n'ght. Jones-Oh.
that's all right; he's used to it won't hurt
him. Kind of you to mention It however.
Tit-Bits.
Sure Test. "How can you tell real cutglass
from the Imitation?" asked Mrs. Gaswell.
"Tou can't always." said Mr. Gaswell, "but
when anybody offers you a piece of real cut
glass for 15 cents, don't buy If, Chicago
Tribune.
Leading TJp to It. Bobble You know them
preserves out in the pantry wot you told me
not to eat?. Mother Yes.' Bobble You know
you said they'd make me sick If I et 'em,
didn't you? Mother Yes. Bobble Well, they
didn't Ohio State Journal.
Amusement. "You say you are making gar
den simply for amusement?" "Yes," an
swered the patient man. "But there isn't any
amusement in spading and stooping for hours."
"Yes, there is. It amuses my wife and chil
dren Immensely." Washington Star.
Coronation Celebrations In tho Provinces.
Squire Seems to me that for tho riverside. It
would be capital to get a good supply of
flambeaux. Farmer Nobs As a loyal subject.
Squire, I object, I don't, see the necessity ot
havln' foreign birds. If we: want 'em at all.
1 let 'em be British, says It Punch.