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PORTLAND, MONDAY, 3IAY 19, 1002.
THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY'S
FRIEXDS.
What District Attorney Chamberlain
thinks of the Savage verdict does not
appear. He is doubtless too busy with
his campaign for the Governorship to
be bothered with the prosecution of
criminals. "With his strenuous pursuit
of reform and orderly government, the
escape of mere thieves and murderers
cannot be permitted to Interfere.
But there Is one acute mind that has
been brought to bear on the case. It Is
the mind of Mr. John Manning, deputy.
Though the aforesaid Prosecuting At
torney is beaming with good-fellowship
at public expense over the state while
crime in Multnomah County goes un
whipped of justice, Mr. Manning gives
out the impression that he regards the
Savage acquittal Vith regret "It's no
use trying to convict anybody in Mult
nomah County," he says, "with euch
juries as we get."
That was the complaint In the Fay
Severe case. The jury was at fault. It
la an Inadequate defense. As for Mr.
Savage, he is a vindicated man. But
how about the real criminal? There Is
no doubt that the diamonds were stolen.
There was no doubt about Fay Severe's
having murdered the Golden woman.
But there are no convictions. Between
the District Attorney's office, which di
rects these proceedings, and the police
department, which has been In sympa
thy with the District Attorney, some
how these prosecutions fall.
There is a suspicious look about the
coincidence of these escapes of crimi
nals from punishment and the enthusi
astic support Mr. Chamberlain's candi
dacy for Governor receives among the
criminal and vicious elements in the
slums of Portland. Does anybody sup
pose that if George Chamberlain had
made himself the enemy of vice and
crime which his oath of office binds him
to be, the entire population of the North
End would rise up to vote him a good
fellow and assure him Its undivided
support?
Is the Governorship of Oregon to be
the reward of .a man who selects tha
place of public prosecutor as the stepping-stone
to political preferment
through the friendship and support of
the slums?
THE KAISER'S ORTHODOXY.
The grave doctrinaires of the German
XiUtheran Church lately assembled in
conference at Leipsic. expressed great
distress because of a very apparent in
filtration of the orthodox sentiment of
the German Emperor with the heresies
of liberal thought. The Kaiser, it is
said, is showing a decided disposition
to think for himself in matters of relig
ion, as from the first he has shown a
tendency to think for himself in mat
ters of state It Is conceivable that the
man who as emperor could In his com
parative youth dismiss Bismarck as dic
tator of the policy of the empire, could
"coquet with heterodox writers" as the
solemn dignitaries of the orthodox
church accuse Emperor "William with
doing. Indeed, it is further conceivable
that this man of inquiring mind and
peremptory disposition may regard
himself so secure in his position as ar
biter of the destinies of his empire aa
to persist not only In his right to think
for himself in matters of religion, but
that he may encourage his subjects by
his open example to do likewise.
Prudence, however, bids him pause
before enlisting against his reign the
prejudices, the traditions and the genu
ine religious devotion of the church In
which he was reared. A people born to
and brought up in the traditions of roy
alty; who have not outgrown the belief
in the divine right of kings; who honor
the ruler as their God-given head, will
bear much In the way of temporal ex
actions, and still be loyal to his gov
ernment and devoted to his person. But
with their religious beliefs, firmly bound
in an ironclad theology, which teaches
the doctrine of literal rewards and pun
ishments of eternal duration, it is im
politic and may be dangerous to Inter
meddle. There is already, we are told,
unrest and uncertainty In church cir
cles in regard to the orthodoxy of the
Emperor. He has beqn coquetting with
heterodox writers. That is to say, he
has read Professor Delitzsch's "Babel
and Bible"; has read Houston Stewart
Chamberlain's "Formations of the
Nineteenth Century," a heterodox work,
and showed Its author conspicuous at
tention during a late visit to Berlin,
thus giving offense to the church au
thorities. "While no doubt Emperor "William
will continue to think his own thoughts,
and upon occasion consult with and
entertain men who have taken advanced
ground in religious discussion, he is
sagacious enough to keep within dis
creet limits. Orthodoxy, as distilled
by that great reformer, stern old Martin
Luther, from a yet more Implacable
theology, may be too strong for the
Kaiser's spiritual digestion, but beyond
such signs of disagreement as have
been noted, he will in all probability
give no token of dissent from the stern
tenets of the orthodox church. In brief,
like thousands of persons in less ex
alted positions in life, he will continue
to subscribe to the beliefs of orthodoxy,
serenely reserving to himself the right
to maintain his own convictions tipon
matters of theology and religion, the
dissenting yoke-fellows that are pulling
apart, aricT yet In the same harness, the
world over today.
"PREiBYTERIAX ASSEMBLY.
The Presbyterian Assembly now in
.session at New Tork City, is not likely
to do anything radical In the matter of
revision of the creed. This movement
for revision of the "Westminster Confes
sion has proceeded so far that the committee-
on revision is reported to be
ready to make some slight changes.
These will be on the subjects of elec
tion, the Pope, and the salvation of
Infants. By the doctrine of election
only those who are predestined unto life
"by the eternal and Immutable purpose
of God and the secret counsel and good
pleasure of His will before the founda
tion of the world was laid," are to be
saved. "The rest of mankind are to go
down to dishonor and wrath for their
sins to the praise of His glorious jus
tice." Salvation is allowed to "elect
infants dying in infancy," as it Is al
lowed to "all other elect persons who
are Incapable of being outwardly called
by the ministry of the word." This
means that nonelect Infants must share
the fate of "all the rest of mankind,"
and is the logical consequence of the
doctrine of predestination pr election.
The revision committee Is willing to
add to the chapter on the salvation of
Infants a statement that the Presbyte
rian Church "does not hold that In
fants dying In Infancy are lost," which
Is in direct contradiction of the Confes
sion. It Is also proposed to report a
brief statement or shorter creed sup
plementary to the Confession. All the
General Assembly can do, however. Is
to propose the amendments to the-presbyteries,
and unless two-thirds of these
approve them they will come to naught
It really does not make much differ
ence whether the Presbyterian Church
consents' to amend or revise its creed
or not, for its action will not silence
discussion or put a stop to secession.
No matter what the Church Assembly
may say or dt about the Creed, Its
antique Inhumanity of doctrine has be
come obsolete; the creed Is not abjured
In theory, but it Is quite thoroughly
nullified In practice.
At the recent annual dinner of the
Brooklyn Presbyterian Union, a re
markable speech on "The Doom of the
Old Theology" was made by Rev. Dr.
Fagnanl, professor of Old Testament
Language and Literature In the Union
Theological Seminary, the chair Ira
which Dr. Brlggs won his fame as the
expounder of that "higher criticism"
which makes reason rather than super
naturalism the basis of Christian the
ology. Dr. Fagnanl, referring to the
refusal of the New York Presbytery to
license a candidate for the ministry who
expressed his belief that Adam was a
myth and the story of him an allegory,
declared his conviction that It would be
well If Adam were buried permanently,
and he added mirthfully that "if It was
necessary to resuscitate a myth, let us
take up Eve, his better half, as she Is
a more interesting subject" Under Che
scientific criticism of the Bible taught
by the Union Theological Seminary, the
miracles of the .Bible are of no more
respectable authenticity than the mira
cles of pagan mythology.
Dr. Fagnanl confessed that the Epis
copal Church now wields In New York
the leadership formerly exercised by
Presbyterianism, and the Independent
agrees with him that the drift in New
York society is to the Episcopal Church.
The Episcopal churches In New York
are now full of Presbyterians. There is
In Boston an exodus even from Unita
rlanlsm to the Episcopal Church, and in
New York old-time Baptists, Method
ists and members of all Protestant
churches are among the regular attend
ants upon the Episcopal services.
All this Rev. Dr. fagnanl confessed,
but said this drift will be prevented
and turned to Presbyterianism "because
the Presbyterian Church Is going to
get rid of its old theology." It is possi
ble that there may be a warm debate
before the Presbyterian Assembly on
the election of Dr. James S. Riggs, a
"new school" theologian, to the faculty
of the McGormlck Seminary In Chicago,
a Presbjjterlan school of divinity. The
assembly has the power ' to veto the
election of a professor to a theological
school of Its church. The election of
Dr. Riggs wa3 by a bare majority vote
against an opposition based upon his
opinion that Adam and some other Old
Testament characters are mythical or
allegorical, that there are errors in the
Bible, and that the evolutionary the
ory of creation is the correct one.
Thla "new theology," so-called, has
become so dominant that the Rev. Dr.
Gregg, a leading Presbyterian minister
of Brooklyn, said the young man re
fused a certificate by the New York
Presbytery because he did not believe
in Adam would be received with a hur
rah by the Brooklyn Presbytery. The
theory that the Biblical stories about
creation and the deluge are traditional
and mythical, allegorical only. Is adopt
ed by the great mass of Protestant
Biblical scholarship. Then we havei
men like Dr. Lyman Abbott, of New
York, and Rev. Mr. Bacon, of Detroit,
who carry this "new theology" to a
much farther extreme. Dr. Abbott gives
to the prophets only an inspiration akin
to the genius of Shakespeare or Mil
ton. The Rev. Mr. Bacon has doubts
of individual immortality. Here we
have a situation of unrest and variant
J opinion that will net be controlled for
the future by anything that the Gen
eral Assembly of the Presbyterian
Church may or may not do. It may put
a little whitewash on the Confession;
It may have a warm debate over the
election of Dr. Riggs, but the chances
are that will do as it always has done
of late years, viz., tide things over,
seeking to avoid the unwelcome day
when the question whether the Bible is
1 verbally inspired by God, or is only
the religious history' o'f the Hebrew
people can no longer be dodged.
The real question behind all tljls
business Is whether the Bible Is In
spired, written at the dictation of God
and therefore His infallible word, or is
It only great literature? Are Its stones
true as historic facts or are they myth
ical and allegorical, as the young grad
uates of the Union Theological Semi
nary have been taught, as most o the
Presbyterian theological teachers hold,
and aa the majority of the younger
Presbyterian clergy today believe? Of
what consequence Is the Confession
which Is planted on an Infallible Bible,
when the intellectual clergy and laity
adopt the "new theology"?
SAIIj VERSUS STEAM.
The battle Is on again between the
tramp steamer and the sailing vessel.
Thla conflict was waged with consider
able vigor during the era of low
freights In 1896-97, but before a decision
was reached there came an upward
turti in the freight market and both
steamers and sailers found plenty of
business at high rates without the ne
cessity of "scrapping" for it Four
years' unparalleled prosperity Is now
followed by a period of depression and
low rates, and the opportunity is about
due for a test of the relative merits of
the two classes of ocean carriers front
an economical standpoint A tramp
steamer has been chartered to come
across the Pacific In ballast, and load
grain at San Francisco for Europe at
28s 9d,' while the owners of sailing ships
are holding off and refusing to charter
anything at less than 30 shillings.
It eeems hardly possible that a
steamer can travel 4000 miles In ballast
and then steam another 16,000 mlle3
with cargo and show a profit at 28s 9d,
and it must indeed be a gloomy outlook
for business when owners will accept
such business several months ahead.
Not all owners, perhaps, will accept
these rates, but In the absence of any
business available that will pay a profit,
many of them will prefer to keep their
vessels moving at bare operating ex
penses in preference to laying them up
All other conditions being equal, a
steamer 13 preferable to a sailer In most
lines of trade, on account of the quicker
I passages that are made, thus effecting
quite a saving on insurance and Inter
est on the cargo. It is also a material
advantage to both shippers and buyers
to know within a day or two when a
vessel may be expected, an Impossibil
ity In the case of the sailer. For these
reasons steamers have generally com
manded quite a premium over sailers,
and if they are willing to accept grain
business at 2Ss 9d, the sailer will be
obllgpd In most cases to accept a sim
ilar rate, or else a lower one.
It is becoming apparent that there Is
more tonnage afloat than Is needed for
immediate requirements, and the ves
sels which are first forced Into retire
ment will be the ones less adapted to
economical operation. Heretofore the
cost of construction and operation has
sent the steamer out of business first,
but just at present the latter Is show
ing signs of following the market down
as lew or lower than the sailer. This
is due to an enormous Increase In the
amount of steam tonnage within the
past few years. When the tramp
steamer first began to figure as a regu
ulator of ocean rates for sailers, many
shipowners abandoned the sailer and
went Into steam. The result of this
change was soon apparent in a decreas
ing fleet of callers, those going out of
existence by wreck and retirement be
ing replaced with steamers, and com
paratively few new sailers being con
structed. "With the return of high rates
about four years ago the sailer again
commanded attention, and quite a num
ber of the "windjammers" were
launched for American, British and
German owners, the latter leading.
Meanwhile the French bounty law
was proving such a good thing for
French shipowners and builders that
more French sailing vessels were
launched than of all other .flags com
bined. The French craft of course,
cannot be considered from a commercial
standpoint, as the government subsidy
Is sufficient to keep them moving, re
gardless of the rates at which freight
Is carried. In time, as their numbers
increase, they may force both steam
and sail vessels of less-favorM nations
to carry freight at bare cost of moving,
but when that time comes the drain on
the French Government will have be
come so great that the merchant; ma
rine will be cast adrift to steam or sail
on Its own merits.
The outcome of the present contest
"between steam and sail in the Pacific
trade will be watched with Interest by
every producer on the Pacific Coast
These producers will admit that "the
laborer Is worthy of his hire," but the
shipowners have been making such big
profits at the expense of the producer
for the past four years that the pro
ducers will have no regrets If the out
come of the present struggle for carry
ing trade results in even lower rates
than those now quoted.
"While steaks go up, strawberries are
coming down, and the cheerful vegeta
rian is on hand with the assurance that
cereals and fruits make stronger mus
cles, clearer brains and kinder hearts
than does a meat diet If these prom
ises are correct, even the trust has its
compensations, and in this Instance they
look even to the regeneration of man
kind. Seriously, there is no doubt but
that the American people eat too much
meat This Is perhapsespeclally' true
of women and children, and of men
who lead sedentary lives. It Is urged
that it is true of laborers also, since
meat la stimulating and calls for
"something stronger," which thousands
of laboring men find In the more vicious
stimulants that eat out their physical
substance ahd absorb their wages. Since
It Is held that there la no argument
like a financial one to convince men
of the wisdom of taking care of the
earthy houses they live in, if they
would occupy them to a good old age
and get comfort Instead of suffering
out of the tenancy, the meat trust may
prove a blessing In disguise to thou
sands of men, the proceeds of whose
toll go into stimulants from beef to
gin when they might and should go
into bread and homes.
The enormous productive powers of
the United States are fitly demonstrated
though with an array of figures the
significance of which Is practically In
comprehensible to the ordinary mind
in the statement of our pig iron and
steel production last week by President
Schwab, of the great steel corporation.
Prom these it appears that the United
States produced in pier iron last year
15.S78.000 tons; Great Britain. 8,950,000
tons; Germany. 852,000 tons; France,
.2.E99.000 tons, or a total for these four
ereat Droducers of 26.05fi.0Q0 tons. The
I United State' share equaled about H
per cent of the total, and practically
double that of Great Britain and Ger
many, and It nearly sextupled that of
France. In steel production the "United
States' share was slightly over 50 per
cent It more than doubled that of
Germany, nearly trebled that of Great
Britain, and was more than nine times
that of France. Yet, notwithstanding
Our enormous productive capacity, our
consumptive capacity is so great that
we are heavy importers of both steel
and Iron. Not only are we buying bil
lets abroad, but American agents are
actually canvassing among the Junk
men of Europe and buying- their scrap
iron. A gigantic industry truly, whether
taken from the standpoint of produc
tion or consumption. Is that tremendous
aggregation of money and energy di
rected and controlled by a syndicate
the assets, disbursements and profits of
which astonish and in a certain sense
alarm the world!
The Senate committee on foreign rela
tions, to whom the proposition to pay
an annual pension of 55000 to Miss Clara
Barton, of the Red Cross Society, was
referred, has decided the questloa ad
versely. In so doing the committee ex
pressed a willingness to comply with
almost any wish Miss Barton might ex
press, and the highest regard for her
self-sacrificing endeavor was declared,
but It was thought best not to establish
a precedent for a civil .pension list iby
granting the request This reason,
while good under conditions of political
pressure that dominate Congress, would
nofbe valid If members could be de
pended upon to use proper discrimina
tion in such matters without fear or
favor, since it is not at all likely that
more than one Clara Barton as gauged
by the tremendous effectiveness of this
remarkable woman in the field of prac
tical humanity will be produced In any
one century or the country's history. In
Justification of vthe custom that obtains
of endowing the wealthy widows of
Presidents of the United States with a
yearly pension of 55000, the small num
ber of names thai It Is possible to add
thereby to the pension"llst is urged. If
this plea holds good, certainly it might
be allowed In the case of Clara Barton,
she being practically alone In her class
and shining by her own Instead of a
reflected glory. But since discrimination
In granting pensions is the one thing
that is not expected or permitted, the
Senate was, no doubt, wise In shutting
a door to an abuse of the civil pension
idea before it was opened.
The story comes from New York that
a young theological student, Vincent
Noll, upon being recently refused a li
cense to preach by the New York Pres
bytery, fell Into a decline through grief
and humiliation and died. The good
brethren, determined not to receive a
minister of "unsound" orthodoxy into
the fold, literally "pounded him" with
knotty questions and held him up on
the matter of his disbelief In Adam as a
historical personage. As reported by
Dr. Gillette, secretary of the faculty of
Union Theological Seminary, the candi
date "simply followed the line of all
Advanced thought of today and proved
that he himself was not an antedeluvlan
by responding 4No' to this question."
His death under the circumstances Is
scarcely to be deplored. Being of frail
body and sensitive disposition, it is not
likely that he would have survived the
slow-torture of hla first trial for heresy,
Whlph, It la reasonable to suppose,
would not long have been delayed.
Except as any shock that Induces de-
pression hastens the death of a con
sumptive, this resurrection of Adam
cannot be said to have caused the death
of this young man. Hence this grave
charge against a godly body of men
falls to the ground.
The nonexpanslve nature of the
French people Is well discerned in the
Indifference with which they view the
calamity that has befallen Martinique.
Though intimately connected with the
life of France, for generations, the fate
of this unhappy Island la viewed not
only without evidence of distress in
France, but without the Interruption of
the usual festivities of the gay capital.
Public subscriptions for the relief of
the appalling situation at St. Pierre
amount to but 303,000 franca, and this
sum Includes large subscriptions from
foreign residents and 22,000 francs from
tbje municipality. An American resi
dent of Paris explains this, to us, ap
palling indifference by saying: "The Pa
risians are constitutionally unable to
become- deeply Interested in anything
not connected with the capital." And
when It Is added that Paris Is France,
the facts that President Loubet has
taken this time to visit St Petersburg
and that much more space was given
in the Paris newspapers to the death of
Severos, the luckless aeronaut, who per
ished by the explosion of his balloon,
than to the explosion of Mount Pelee, by
which 50,000 people perished, are at least
partially explained.
After some debate, but without a dis
senting voice, the amendment to the
text-book clause in the' naval supply
bill prohibiting the use of Maclay's his
tory In the Naval Academy or else
where In the Navy was passed. This
action, was taken not only In defense
of Admiral Schley, but for the proper
protection of 'naval cadets from the
falsehoods which ' the alleged history
contains, and which precipitated the
fiercest naval battle that has ever been
fought, ashore at least, In our history.
President Roosevelt some time ago an
nounced that Maclay's book should find
no place in the curriculum of the Naval
Academy or In the ships' libraries while
he was President. Representative Mudd,
of Maryland, who submitted the
amendment, stated that while .Roosevelt
was a very lively force at this time and
promised to live out this term and be
ready to take another, he wanted to
guard against any contingencies, hence
urged, the adoption of the amendment
The simple justice of this action will
be recognized as a fitting close to a"
most unhappy controversy.
The young Klug of Spain bore himself
manfully through the trying ordeal of
his installation as constitutional mon
arch of that realm; his mother, the
faithful Queen Regent, bore herself as
a true woman thankfully and gra
ciously. Her letter to the Spanish peo
ple, concluding the longest regency In
the history of Spain, marks the courage
of a brave woman when the future of
her son. and his country were in her
shaping hands. The yielding of her
trust marks the' spirit of a. woman glad
to be relieved of grave responsibility.
Underwood, of Alabama, whose heart
yearns over the poor Filipino, objects
to? relief for the "West Indian sufferers.
Tile sympathy of these- Southern negro-
burner? is a wonderful thine;.
X WESSON AT OUR DOOR.
Chicago- Inter Ocean.
Last week there was a revolution In
Santo Domingo, and ' President Jlmlnez
was overthrown by "Vice-President Vas
quez. This week there is revolution In
Hayti, the western half of the Island,
precipitated' by the resignation of Presi
dent Simon Sam and an attempt on the
part of Congress to elect a successor.
The Insurrection brings to the front
Bolsrond Canal, who- served as President
of HaytL from 1876 to .1379, and. several
of his rivals, who have been active in
insurrection since that time. There is
no principle at stake. The leader who
can muster the most suns will win.
This sort of thing has been going- onl
In Haytl and Santo Domingo ever since
the French quit the island, in 1S03. In
October, 1801, Dessilines, who had pro
claimed a massacre of all whites, was
crowned Emperor. He was assassinated
In 1S05, and the island was divided.
Henry Chrlstophe was declared Presi
dent in 1S07, and was Afterward crowned
EmDeror. while Pethlon wos elected
President of the other part of the is
land. Chrlstophe committed 'suicide In 1820
and the states were united under Boyer
as regent for life. He was deposed in a
revolution in 1843. Santo -Domingo and
Hayti were proclaimed the Dominican
republic in 1S44. In 1S52 Haytl was pro
claimed an empire under Solouqhe.
After several revolutions Solouque ab
dicated in 1859, "and Spain was asked to
take possession of the island. This was
not a satisfactory arrangement and In
1865 Spain retired from the island. New
constitutions were proclaimed In Hayti
and Santo Domingo. From that 'day to
this there have been these revolution
ary movements:
18C0 Revolt against President Geffrard of
Haytl.
18C7 Geffrard banished and Salomon elected
President. In Santo Domingo. President Baez
banished and Cabral declared President.
1S6S Cabral retires In Santo Domlngc axLl
Baez becomes President. In Haytl, revolution
against Salomon, who Is proclaimed Emperor!
1S70 Salnae, In Haytl. defeated, captured,
tried and .shot, and Saget elected President.
1871 Baez. of Santo Domingo, supports in
surrection against Saget.
1873 Baez, of Santo Domingo, overturned
and General d'Aton declared President.
1874 Saget deposed In Haytl, and -Dominique
declared President.
1875 Insurrection In Santo Domingo In favor
of Baez.
187&-Insurrection in Haytl and Bolsrond Ca
nal declared President. Revolution In Santo
Domingo, and Gonzales declared President.
1877 Insurrection In Santo Domingo; Gulller
mo declared President.
IS vD Revolution in Haytl; Canal deposed and
General Salomon declared President.
1SS1 Merino becomes Dictator In Santo Do
mingo. 18S2-Rebellion In Haytl headed by Jeremle
against Salomon. l
18S4 Jeremle surrendered after loss of 7000
lives. '
18S7 Rebellion in Santo Domingo, put down
with loss of 1000 lives, j
1SS8 Revolution In Htfytl under legitime.
1SS9 Legitime beaten and driven from the
island.
1S0O Boundary War between Haytl and Santo
Domingo.
1SD2-Insurrections in Santo Domingo and
Haytl. which continued until 1805.
18DC President Hippolyte. of Hajti. assassi
nated. General Sam elected President.
1897 Revolution against President Sam.
1S0S Jlmlnez starts revolution In Santo Do
mingo, which continued until 1000, when he
succeeded to the Presidency?" to be overthrown
in 1002 by Vasduez.
This is the record of a people as well
equipped for- self-government as the
Filipinos. However, In the Philippines
there are a hundred islands Instead of
one, and a hundred rival chieftains in
stead of a dozen. And yet there are, In
tho United States Senate, men who are
domandlhgr'that the United States retire
at once' from the Philippines and leave
the people to their own devices!
i . '
WHAT MAKES FOR PEACE.
New York Times.
The advocates of universal peace may
derive much substantial comfort from
the fact that forces vastly more power
ful than their arguments are at work to
discourage war and permit general dis
armament The London Statist, from
the bes. figures obtainable, estimates
the cost of the Boer war to Great Bri
tain at 219,117,000, or in round num
bers, about $1,200,000,000. And it is not
much of a war, either. If the estimate be
correct, it has cost very nearly one-third
as much as our Civil War; but with the
Important difference, that In our case
the results were worth what they cost
Whether they are or ever will be in the
case of the Boer war Is a matter of
Judgment What It has cost the Boers
can probably never be known. It repre
sents all they had In any case, and when
their resources were exhausted they
kept on without them, every man for
himself, and pay for none.
From the financial as well as the mili
tary point of view, those charged with
the responsibilities of government are
beginning to understand that in war
"nothing Is so disastrous as victory, ex
cept defeat" Modern civilization and
material development make so many de
mands upon the revenues derivable from
taxation, and the exigencies of national
budgets are at all times so great that
no nation of Europe can at present af
ford to go to war. This phase of the
matter was largely overlooked In our
own. estimate of the resistance of Spain
to our policy in the West Indies. Spain
could not afford to maintain anything
like a serious war. Her treasury was
deDleted. and to float a war loaa
of considerable proportions would have
been Impossible on any terms. The na
tional temperament demanded that she
should make a showing of resistance,
but from the moment war was declared
her Ministers knew much better than we
did that the costs of a serious defense of
the Islands could not be met and that
the national credit was already stretched
to its elastic limit Spain is eliminated
from the list of the war powers by finan
cial considerations. Statistically, several
other nations which In times past have
helped to make history are In pretty
much the same position.
Ths syndicating of tho great aggre
gations of capital tends powerfully in
the direction of peace on earth, if not of
good will toward men. The dream of
"the great war syndicate," which in
the original brain of Cecil Rhodes took
the form of a secret league of the rich
men of all nations, which should domi
nate national policies, may yet material
ize. An agreement among bankers that
we have had wars enough and that in
ternational differences can better be set
tled by cash payments than by battles
would make the trade of the soldier one
which the ambitious man would shun.
Everything considered, the International
Peace Society has much ground for en
couragement What It seeks to accom
plish may be nearer than It has realized,
not because" war is wrong per se, or
brutal, or essentially unlovely, but be
cause thd nations cannot afford it
The President Is Right.
New Orleans Times-Democrat
In Intimating to the French Government
that he does not think It desirable for that
government to confer the Cross o the
Legion of Honor upon Admiral Dewey and
Lieutenant General Miles, the President
has taken a position which will command
the support of enlightened public senti
ment throughout the United States. Com
pressed into a single aentence, the Presi
dent's- action indicates tnat ne is deter
mined to preserve the republican simplici
ty which, in the judgment of the fathers,
was intended to be one of the" cardinal
principles of the American polity.
It is clear that Mr. Roosevelt has, In
this Instance, thrown his weighty Influ
ence against the monarchlal spirit and In
rfavor of the democratic Ideal. In doing
this, he has evoked the ardent approval
of all Americans who believe that thebet
ter traditions of the republic ehould be'
cherished.
REPARTEE AND GOOD MANNERS.
San Francisco Bulletin.
Among the thousands of good storiC6
In circulation is one, which should be told
in a cockney dialect about one 'Arry, who
was famous for his repartee. No one
could get the better of Arry. 'E was quick
as a Sash, e was. For example: One" day
'Arry went to the circus with 'Is 'Arrlet.
E was picked out by the clown, who
shouted, "Hah, there, 'Arry, HI spies ye
'oldln 'ands with 'Arriat!"
But the clown wasn't a match for 'Arry,
who fired right back. "Go to 'ell. you
blarsted fool," cries 'Arry to the clown,
"or Hi'll smarsh your face!" 'Arry was a
terror at repartee. 'E was qulcK as a
flash, 'e was. No one could get the better
of lm.
This story, which Is sometimes embel
lished with profanity, illustrates the sort
of repartee, which, too often, wins a man
a reputation for wit There are persons
whose station in life is higher than
'Arry's, but whose idea of repartee la ot
the same stripe, as that of the cockney
in the story. These persons have a habit
of making offensive and extremely rude
remarks which pas for witty repartee in
general and Indiscrlminatlnp- company. As
a rule, this bludgeon wit provokes a laugh.
for the majority of people will laugh at
anything that causes discomfiture to oth
ers. The horseplay comedy In which the
humor consists of smashing Ries on the
faces of the dramatis personae, and throw
ing the buffo Into a trough of real water,
has never failed jto amuse, and nine out
of ten persons will guffaw to see a digni
fied gentleman fall into a muddy puddle.
Bad manners In convcrsatlonshould be
distinguished from wit, but seldom are,
and the gentleman must suffer eclipse,
now and then, from a louder and ruder,
though perhaps a duller man.
True wit is bitter and sharp only when
It is aimed against fraud, hypocrisy and
things really evil. The wit of amicable de
bate and ordinary conversation should
not violate the rules of good manners.
"Like Samson, I kill thousands at one
"blow," exclaimed Voltaire, facetiously, as
he took a bite of Limburger cheese at a
dinner. "Like Sam30n and with the same
weapon." said a certain abbe at the table",
the cleverness of whose remark gained
nothing by Its rudeness. But one can for
give a little rudeness In genuine wit It
is against the saltless rudeness, the stupid
verbal bludgeoning which pbses as wit
that one protests most earnestly.
In Congress, the other day. one of the
members of the lower house remarked
that his' constituents approved of his con
duct "Then they are easily satisfied,"
shouted Mr. Grosvenor, and there was a
laugh. The remark was not clever enough
to make the insult excusable. Quite dif
ferent was Tom Reed's famous retort to
the opponent who declaimed that he-would
rather be right than President. "Don't
fear, sir," said Reed, "for you will never
be either." A harmless but genuinely
witty remark was that made by the Rev.
Sidney Smith, when he had met with his
vestry to consider ways anu" means of
building a wooden walk about the church.
"Gentlemen." said Smith, "let us put our
heads together, and we shall have It"
Wit is an acid, but it should be so di
luted with charity and good humor that
It will merely polish and not corrode.
American Interests In the Pacific.
St Louis Globe-Democrat
A recent English book. "The Mastery
of the Pacific," regards America as the
ultimate mistress of that great ocean, but
argues that the responsibility will make
largo demands on the patriotism and
public spirit of the people of this coun
try. These requirements will not be
found lacking in the American charac
ter. Congress is rather slow in acting on
the Isthmian Canal and on a Pacific ca
ble, but beyond question national senti
ment favors both. The English cable be
tween British Columbia and Australia
is four-fifths laid. Our proposed cable
to the Philippines is not yet begun, but
no one doubts that the United States will
take definite action before long. Political
rather than business considerations con
sume the time of Congress in dealfng
with the Philippine question. In due
time the proper material development of
our Pacific possessions will occupy the
attention of the people and its progress
will be beneficial and acceptable to the
native population.
From our Pacific ports there 13 a
straight ferriage to Eastern Asia. An
isthmian canal will give our Atlantic
states a shorter route to the Orient than
that of Europe by way of the Suez Canal.
Our Pacific trade grows at the highest
proportionate rate, having Increased from
$7,500,000 In 1S68 to 1115,000,000 in 1901.
Great Britain, however, still leads us In
Oriental trade by four to one. 4The huge
population of Eastern Asia buys foreign
products tov tne extent of 51,300,000,000 a
year. Geographically this country must
always dominate the Pacific. A vast
commerce exists there now and will
grow. American statesmen might well
devote a larger share of time to the com
mercial features of the situation, in the
Pacific. It would be far more to the pur
pose than questioning the character of
American armies, and indulging, session
after session, in heated political sentl
mentallsm. .
The Columbia Sainton.
Philadelphia Record.
Perhaps the most notable achievement
of the friends of fishculture in the United,
States has been the success attending the
attempt to restock the Columbia River in
Oregon with salmon. The salmon that
make r their headquarters in that river are
perhaps the finest in the world. The year
ly catch Is worth millions of dollars, and
Is one of the most important products of
the state. It has now been demonstrated
that at small expense for hatcheries the
output of salmon can be made even more
certain than the harvest of corn on wheat
or any other of the fruits of the field, and
a constant supply assured of a world-wide
delicacy.
A Deserved Rebuke.
Buffalo Commercial.
President Schurman, like Cofonel Henry
L. Hlgglnson, of Boston, refuses to join
the Anti-Imperialist League's smelling
committee. He tells the meddlers pretty
plainly that they ought to be In better
business. As for himself, he believes that
"the conduct of the investigation and the
vindication of the honor of the Army may
safely be left In the hands of President
Roosevelt" That is the gerferal opinion.
If Chief Sleuth Moorflcld Storey attempts
to force himself upon the Senate and the
executive and to Instruct them in their
duties, he will have an unpleasant expe
rience. The Lay of the Liners.
(Mr. Plerpont Morgan Is the syndicate man
ager of the new Atlantic shipping trust, which
Includes eeeral of the great British steam
ship lines. American Interests are to control
the combination. Mr Rockefeller and the
other Standard OH magnates are underwriting
the capital.) '
Ye mariners of England,
Give up your native oeast
Your flag has braved too many years
The battle and the breeze.
The glorious Standard Oil Combine .
And Morgan run the show.
And they'll sweep clean the deeo
"Where the stormy winds do blow
"Where the liners whistle loud and long,
And the stormy winds do blow.
Columbia heeds no landmarks
No Powers their own can keep;
She marches In with flag a-wave.
And buys the country cheap.
The fortunes of her millionaires ,
To euma coloswl grow.
But they roar still for more
While the stormy winds do blow
"While the. liners whistle loud and Ions'
And the stormy winds do bio-w.
And Plerpont now is planning
His next terrific boom.
And Britons troubled nights will pass
Till they learn their latest doom.
Meanwhile, ye ocean greyhound!,
The dividends shall flow
To the bank, ot the Tank j
"While the stormy winds do blow
While the liners whistle loud and long
. And the stormy winds do blow.
London Punch.
. NOTE AND COMMENT.
Maclay's press agent seems to have gone
to work again.
We may have skating yet before the.
Winter is over.
Will not even death conquer-the Inter
minable Sampson-Schley controversy?
In the present state of hr finances.
Spain will hardly do any bluffing on one
king. ,
The Sunday school picnic promoter has
yet had co opportunity to make himself:
popular. .
Tho Government's work in ils" case
against the beef trust will certainly be
well done.
Richard Mansfield is coming to Port
land. Let us hasten to make the city
presentable.
Too many Boers are still living to give
much confidence to the rumor of peace In
South Africa.
Judge Williams has that discriminating
command of srang which no man past hia
prime could possess.
J. P. Morgan will probably get baex
from Europe all the money Paderewski
took away from this cbuntry.
Possibly after election Senator Simon
will be convinced that It Is better' to have
won and lost than never to have won at
all.
Even on the best equipped and most
modern railroads it is exceedingly dim
cult for two trains to pass on the same
track.
The entire town of Houlton, Me., has
been burned to the ground. Sometimes a
town can be made too dry by a prohibi
tion law.
Pat Crowe has been discovered at last.
The North Pole and the man who struck
Billy Patterson are the only objects which
continue to elude scientific pursuit.
They are talking of a woman for Sena
tor In Utah. They would be certain, it
they elected one, that she could not be
refused a seat because of a plurality of
wives.
The President declares his intention to
stop barbarity In the Philippines, but he
will require better, proof of its existence
than Incendiary speech of Southern Con
gressmen. When his wife died the late J. Sterling
Morton had erected over her grave a
tombstone, bearing the Inscription: "Car
oline French, wife of J. Sterling Morton
and mother of Joy, Paul, Carl and Marie
Morton." "Why did you put the boys'
names In?" Inquired a friend of him ono
day. "I took my boys out to the ceme
tery," said Mr. Morton, "and showed
them their mother's grave. 'Boys,' I said,
your mother is buried hero. If one of
you does anything dishonorable or any
thing of which she would be ashamed If
she were alive, I will chisel your name
from her tombstone."
Delegate Mark Smith, of Arizona, Is one
of the finest conversational members of
'the Congressional Fishing Club. He Is
credited with a recent story that is said
to have made even the hardened racon
teurs of the cloak rooms hold their breath.
"I was up at Dlckerson's, on the Potomac,
fishing for bass last year," said Smith.
"We were using frogs, but had a lot of
undersized minnows In a covered tin pall
hung over the side of the boat Something
gave the boat a sudden Jerk and the pail
slipped off and went to the bottom. I
cussed a little, but went on fishing. This
Spring I went to Dlckerson's again and
anchored in about the same place where
I lost the minnows the year before, just
below a big sycamore tree. During the
afternoon a good reel dropped overboard.
It was too valuable to lose, and one of
the boatmen began grappling for it lis
didn't get the reel, but he brought up
that identical minnow pail I had lost the
year before. We opened It, and there was
the whole mess of minnows, splashing
around, grown to the right size for bass."
"I suppose, of course, you used them,"
said "Uncle Joe" Cannon, sarcastically.
"Certainly," replied Smith, "and I caught
a string of the finest bass you ever saw."
A tramp met Senator Depew and asked
him. in that easy, velvet-tongued way:
"Would you kindly assist a ," etc.
Chauncey, of course, is an easy mark,
and, as he fanned himself after extracting
the quarter, the tramp inquired:
"And who may I say was so kindheart
ed?" "Oh, never mind. That's all right."
"But in after years, when I recall thoso
whose tender hearts "
"Never mind, my good fellow!"
"Then I cannot accept it, sir. I must let
my friends know "
"Well, tell 'em it was Grover Cleveland,
and let It go at that."
The tramp put the quarter back In his
pocket leisurely and shook his head.
"Now, my good fellow," said the Sena
tor, "may I ask your name?"
"A gentleman in distress Is loath to con
fess." "Yes, but If I have your name I may be
able to help you."
"No, my pride will not permit."
"But allow me to know whom I have
had the pleasure of meeting in this happy
way."
"Oh, well, tell 'em It was Chauncey De
pew, and let It go at that"
Chauncey fanned himself and let It go.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Ethel Do you think that George was struck
bymy beauty? Clara I hardly think he was"
severely Injured. Tit-Bits.
Sue Brette The lads in the top gallery aro
the best Judges of a play after all. Foot
Light Then you are a believer In the higher
criticism? Tonkers Statesman.
No Fun In It. "And do they never quarrel?"
asked the girl In white. "Never," replied;
the rirl In blue. "Then what's the use of.
belnp engaged?" Chicago Evening Post.
The Girl He Loved. Convict Ah. mum! if
I'd only got de girl I loved I neer would
hev come to nuch an end as dis. Philanthro
pist Tou would not? Convict No, mum; she
killed de guy dat. sot her In less'n two weeks
after de cermony. Judge.
A Voice of Protest. "Dia water-cure Is
somet'Ing dat's got to be stopped " exclaimed
Meandering: Mike. "It's too crooI an' unusual
to be stood.''' "Do you know what It Is?"
asked Plodding Pete. "Course. I've been froo
it. I hadn't been in .JaU 15 minutes before
dey made me take a bath." Washington Star
Mrs. Bellalrs (to lsitor) So sorry, my dear,
I can't ask you to stay, but I have promised
to take Evy for a drive this afternoon. Visit
or (pleasantly) My dear, I'm. Just oft. I know
II doesn't do to keep the horses standlnsr
about. Evy "small and Irrepressible) Oh,
mummy, dear, I do hope the 'bus won't be
crowded. Punch.
An A010"06--Gayman I wanted to thank
you for the handsome beer-mug you sent cir
my birthday. Mrs. Goodart Of course, you'll
understand I meant it to be used only as an
ornament. Gayman Ob, my wife keeps it
full for me all the time. Mrs. Goodart Sha
doesn't really? Gayman Yes; full of tem-
j-perance tracts, Philadelphia Prepp,