THE MORNING- OEEGONIAN, TUESDAY, "APRIL 15, 19U.
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PORTLAND, TUESDAY, APRIL 15.
HOI- ABOUT THIS?
Representative Moody is desirous of
serving as Oregon's member of the Re
publican Congressional Campaign Com
mittee. It would be desirable to ascer
tain, before the appointment Is made,
whether Mr. Moody is sincerely and
actively interested in securing the larg
est possible vote for Mr. "Williamson,
his victorious rival and successful as
pirant for the Republican nomination
for Representative from the Second Ore
gon District. It is believed at The
Dalles, Mr. Moody's home town, that
his friends are Interesting themselves
in other directions.
Senator Simon Is also reported as de
sirous of representing Oregon on the
Congressional committee. It might be
desirable in this case also, before such
appointment Is made, to ascertain
whether Mr. Simon and his adherents
here are sincerely and actively Inter
ested in the election of the Republican
candidate for Congress in the Second
Congressional District, In the election of
the Republican nominee for Governor
and In the election of the Republican
nominees for the Legislature which is
to choose Mr. Simon's successor. It Is
sufficiently notorious here that while
Mr. Simon himself Is absent, his Imme--Jiate
adherents are collaborating upon
che formation of a fusion ticket, whose
object is the defeat of the Republican
nominees for the Legislature and inci
dentally of the Republican nominee for
Governor.
Certain Federal appointments are now
held up in "Washington because of the
Inability of the two Oregon Senators
to agree. What will Mr. Simon' claim
upon a Republican President for recog
nition be worth, if It develops that his
lieutenants here, by his orders or con
sent, are at work for Democratic can
didates for the Legislature and a Demo
cratic candidate for Governor?
What is wanted by the Republican
party, the Administration and the Con
gressional committee is a Republican
victory here in June that will encourage
the party In the Summer and Fall cam
paign. They want as large a majority
In the Legislature as possible. They
want as large a Republican majority
on. the state ticket as "possible. They
will not be inclined to favor the 'use of
Federal patronage to strengthen the'
hands of a man who Is fighting the Re
publican ticket.
No excuse can be made of a united
effort of citizens for the sake of good
government. Citizens combine to get
an odious machine out of office, but they
do not combine to keep a discredited
and repudiated machine in office after
its own party has turned it out. Citi
zens combine legitimately In the Inter
est of good government, but they do not
combine legitimately to restore to power
a boss who has just been dethroned.
There is no way to evade or becloud
this plain question. If Senator Simon
Is In harmony with his party, amenable
to its verdicts, loyal in support of its
decrees, entitled to its confidence and
Its honors, he and his friends cannot
conceal the 'fact, but will be active In
the party's behalf. If they are conniv
ing for its defeat through election of
Democratic candidates, they cannot
conceal that fact, either, but the terms
of the fusion will afford indisputable
proof of their disloyalty.
The vote of Multnomah County for
Governor, Congressman and members
of the Legislature will measure the
Republicanism of Mr. Simon and "his
friends. No deception is possible. The
vote of Wasco County will measure the
Republicanism of Mr. Moody and his
friends. No , deception is possible,
There Is an exairiple Jn Marlon County
that might be followed with profit else
where. The proposed fusion in Multno
mah -County has for Its solejobject the
defeat-of 'the" Republican ticket. A Re
publican Senator who has any respect
for his record or hope for the future
should declare himself out of any such
arrangement and see that his adher
ents do likewise. ' t
Dr!' T. L. Eliot, a friend, of and for
many years in close touch"" with the
late Dr. Horatio Stebblns, paid a sin
cere, graceful and tender tribute, In
the Unitarian Church' last Sunday, to
this man, who stood for so many
years for the moral, intellectual and
educational development of the Pa
cific Coast. As father of the Unitar
ian Church in this city, a few of Its
older members remember and ven
erate Dr. Stebblns, and aU&' who
heard Drl Eliot's tribute to a wide
minded, progressive, unselfish man and
his consecrated endeavor on this Coast,
covering a period of nearly a third of a
century, were brought into sympathetic
touch with Dr. Stebblns and his life
work. More effusive and general were
the pulpit eulogies upon the late Dr.
Talmage on that day. The difference
between these and the single, tender
tribute paid to Dr. Stebblns was the dif
ference between the spiritual concep
tions and methods of work pursued by
two men who were contemporaneous
workers In pulpit and parish during the
last half of the nineteenth century.
CONSUMERS ARE IGNORED.
The only sensible adjustment of the
Cuban Imbroglio has no support on
either side of the controversy In Con
gress. This Is a flat reduction of the
tariff on sugar, low enough to help
Cuba. We imported In the last fiscal
year 4,000,000,000 pounds of sugar. Of
this. 3,460,000,000 pounds, valued at $77,
929.000, paid duties aggregating $57,417.
000. Every pound of sugar costing 2
cents to land In New York costs nearly
4 cents after the duty is paid. A uni
form reduction of 40 per cent in the
duty would save Cuba's sugar indus
try and reduce the cost in this country
something like a cent a pound, with an
apparent decrease of $22,000,000 in cus
toms revenue, which would probably be
greatly reduced owing tp increased con
sumption of sugar at the lowered cost,
and which in any event woutyl be salu
tary In view of the Treasury surplus.
The duty on raw sugar, as fixed' by
the complicated system ot the DIngley
law, runs from .95 cent a pound-up to
1.75 cents a pound. The average duty
paid the last fiscal year Is a cent and'
four-tenths a pound. But whatever
duty raw sugar pays, the refiners, both,
the Havemeyers and the Oxnards, are
protected by the duty of 1.95 cents a
pound on rsflned sugar. We' imported
in the last fiscal year but 13,000,000
pounds of refined sugar. We pay the
duty on the raw sugar, and then we
pay the sugar trust an average of halt
a cent a pound additional as a bonus,
Jn addition to Its legitimate.profits from
the charge resting upon the product
through the business of refining. Inas
much as we consume about 2,200,000
tons of sugar a year, or 4.400,000,000
pounds, it Is evident that the duty pro
tecting the refiners adds to the cost of
sugar In the United States no less than
$220,000,000 annually. It would be folly
to presume that our refiners cannot
compete with foreign enterprise. The
fact that they monopolize the home
market so completely testifies to the
difficulty foreign refiners have Jn meet
ing their prices, even with the boun
ties given by European treasuries.
The trouble with the sugar question
is that nowhere do the Interests of the
American masses, who consume an
average of 65 pounds of sugar annually
to each man, woman and child of our
Inhabitants, receive any consideration.
The duty on raw" sugar Is maintained
at Cuba's cost at the demand of Ox
nard and Louisiana. The duty on re
fined sugkF"is maintained, at the be
hest of Havemeyer at the cost of every
body. The Havemeyer trust would be
glad to get its raw sugar cheaper so
long as it can be secure In Its differ
ential on refined sugar. The welfare of
the whole people requires reduction of
the duty on raw sugar and also reduc
tion If not elimination of the differen
tial on -refined sugar. A reduction
should be uniform, applying to all coun
tries alike, and based principally' on
considerations, of revenue. One reason
we have so much trouble with, the Cu
ban rate Is that It is unscientific dis
crimination in favor of one seller and
against others. Invidious distinctions
of this sort are always hard to nego
tiate and odious In practice.
A WORD OF "WARNING.
The Republican leaders in Congress
ought to understand that failure at this
session to come to some definite plan
in the matter of the isthmus canal will
reflect seriously upon the party Integ
rity, and that, unquestionably. It will
add to the difficulties of the party in
the coming Fall elections. If, after car
rying through a treaty with England
doing away with the long-standing in
terdiction involved in the Clayton-Bul-wer
agreement, we are still unable to
go ahead with a work emphatically de
manded by universal sentiment, our at
titude will simply be ridiculous.
It is plainly true that powerful inter
ests wish to defeat any and all projects
for an Isthmus canal; and it Is the gen
eral belief that delays in the past have
been due to the Influence which these in
terests have been able to exert in Con
grsa. It is believed further that this
minister force Is now active at Washing
ton, and that it is seeking with extra
ordinary energy to throw the whole
matter over by preventing considera
tion -in the Senate of the canal bill,
which passed the House of Representa
tives early In the session. The action
of the Senate steering committee last
week In putting the canal bill far down
on the calendar is taken by the public
as a victory for the anti-canal lobby;
and It is believed to mark the authority
which an interest wholly selfish and no
toriously In opposition to the public will
exercises over those who manage pany
affairs In the Senate.
Nobody doubts that If the canal bill
which passed the House by an all but
unanimous vote shall come fairly be
fore the Senate It will go through prac
tically without dissent. Nobody, no
matter how willing he may be to serve
the railroad interests underhand, will
dare to stand up in. opposition to a
project to which all parties stand
pledged and which is opposed openly by
nobody excepting a few great corpora
tion managers and their hired agents
In the Congressional lobby. If the bill
comes to a vote, its success la assured;
and this fact being known by the op
posing lobby, the whole effort is to pre
vent Its getting before the Senate.
There Is a bad look to the programme
of the steering committee. In which the
canal bill is slated after the Philippine
and other measures, bound In the na
ture of things to be debated at great
length.
The Republican party Is In authority
In the Senate. Its power to pass this
measure Or to defeat it is unquestioned.
And if the bill is lost especially if it
shall be lost through what appears to be
el trick the charge of playing false with
the country and false to Its pledges
will He at the door of the party. There
are those who assert that the Repub
lican party Is under the domination of
the great financial interests; and who
questions that this charge will gain
weight by the defeat of a measure
which all the people 'want and only a
few railroad millionaires -oppose?
The party managers would better
have a care. It Is a case where not
only a great public Interest but the
party Integrity is at stake. All the talk
of the past has not served to destroy
the faith which the country holds and
has long held in the generally honest
purpose of the Republican party; but
this faith is not indestructible. Defeat
of the canal bill at this time Will be a
grievous and universal disappointment;
it will be charged and not without the
support of specious -appearances to
want' of honesty or want of efficiency
on the part of the Republican party.
Those who have the management of
party affairs In hand may well take
heed. "
CONFIDENCE MUST BE WON.
There was much point In the observa
tion of Mr. Seneca Smith, the retiring
president of the Columbia River Basin
Board of Trade, "If the body should
take up some important work and do
it there can be no doubt that outside
communities would come In and partici
pate." Here Mr. Smith sent a shaft di
rectly td the Weak spot In organizations
for promotion of development agencies.
They do not usually take up Important
work and pursue It to success. They do
usually ventilate fads and grlevr.nces
more or lent public, give birth to pon
derous resolutions of, indorsement or
protest upon various unconsidered
subjects, and afford opportunity for
talk, some of which gets Into the news
papers. But it Is seldom that these
bodies take up and carry through any
really important work for the commu
nity. When they do they command re
spect and attract support. The multi
plicity of organizations that accomplish
nothing, that minister only to some pri
vate or local fad or afford a cheap graft
for somebody, discourages popular sup
port for any move of this kind until It
shall have proved Its worth.
The Columbia Basin Is an extensive
region, embracing most of three large
states and having common industrial,
commercial and social Interests. These
may properly be represented In a body
like the Columbia Basin Board of Trade,
acting for common good of the affili
ated Interests. The natural geography
of the country throws these Interests to
gether, and natural geography Is a
greater Influence than political geog
raphy. In these matters trade lines are
of greater moment than state lines. By
acting together the people of the Colum
bia Basin may accomplish important
results. And through this organization
they may act together. But the adop
tion of a constitution and election of offi
cers is not all of the organization neces
sary to achieve results. There should
be means of Inquiry Into the various
subjects that engage the attention of
the body, so that action may b'e based
on accurate Information and, therefore,
carry some weight. In sp far as the
conclusions of such a body as this Board
of Trade are based on true knowledge
of all the premises, they serve an Im
portant purpose In Informing the people
and shaping-public opinion and action.
But Indiscriminate Indorsement or pro
test will not effect much. People have
grown tired of recommendations from
the unthinking and careless, not to say
Incompetent. The Columbia Basin
Board of Trade.may serve an important
purpose iy critically examining the
subjects that come before it and pro
nouncing what amounts to expert opin
ion In view of all the interests of the
extensive region It speaks for. Such a
course will give confidence to any agi
tation It may inaugurate and make it a
means for awakening and directing
public enterprise., .
The most Important matter that will
engage the. attention of this body is
the opening of the Columbia and Snake i
Rivers to continuous navigation. This
will not be done by means of-temporary
portages around obstructions in the
channel of the stream. If such port
ages are provided by private capital. It
may be expected that the owners will
sell out when It Is more profitable to
sell than to operate the .road. The
State of Washington will not build a
portage road at the dalles of the Colum
bia, and the State of Oregon cannot
build on Washington soil. Will this
Board of, Trade build and operate the
road for the purpose of making the
Columbia River a 'traffic regulator for
all the commerce of the Columbia Ba
sin? Can It do so? If not, its only ser-.
vice to the open river cause will lie in
intelligent agitation. In keeping the
matter before the public so plainly that
it cannot be misunderstood or ignored.
Public opinion will do the business if It
be well grounded and insistent.
Immigration is another matter crying
for systematic handling by some such
body as this, but this is not peculiar
to .the Columbia Basin. All the Pacific
slope Is after Immigration. Money Is
required for advertising, In fact it takes
money to push all. these enterprises.
This will readily be provided when it Is
demonstrated that It will be expended
along lines that will produce results.
Until such time, diplomacy must be an
Important factor In the affairs of the
Columbia Basin Board of Trade.
THE TROUBLE WITH MILES.
Any .business man can tell you the
trouble with General Miles, He Is a
discordant element In an administrative
machine. The President Is responsible
to the country for the administration of
the Army, and the Secretary of War Is
responsible to the President. In order
to get results, these officers must have
the loyal support and co-joperatlon of
the line and staffof the Army. General
Miles does ,not give this support and
co-operation. He wants to serve his
country, but he wants to serve It In his
own way. He Is solicitous about his
own plans, but not about those decided
upon by those the law has made his
superiors.
Perhaps It would be better otherwise,
but It Isn't Perhaps" the paying teller
would run the bank better than the
president and board of directors, but
he Isn't permitted to. Perhaps the
horse reporter would give the paper a
wiser policy than it now has, but for
the present the matter must be left
with the editor. Perhaps the first grade
teacher ought to be principal, but she
Is not. The law makes the President
and the Cabinet the head, and not the
"General commanding the Army." If
he can't be loyal to his head, he is
useless. He Is pretty certain to be
worse.
In tfie April Cosmopolitan Is a char-
i-acterlstic little sermonette from that
clever writer, Mr. Elbert Hubbard,
which somebody should bring to the at
tention of General Miles. Its central
thought is, Be loyal to your chief.
Don't be on a man's staff and then all
the time study to put obstacles In his
way. You can't help "the Old Man" by
pointing out his errors and laughing at
h'is weaknesses. Whoever calls his head
officer a curmudgeon thereby estab
lishes his own Identity as a cur
mudgeon. The War Department needs
nothing more than it needs a wise and
faithful expert adviser. Miles knows
enough, but he won't work in harness.
He lacks that spirit of loyalty which
makes a man an efficient and highly
prized and dearly .loved executive. He
is thinking about himself and his career
when he should be thinking about being
useful in his appointed place and in the
appointed way. VThe disagreements of
General Miles with Ihe War Depart
ment all the way down from Lamont
to Root have apparently worked his
own undoing at last. Roosevelt has not
the patience of McKinley. He will not
suffer any one long to stand between
policy and results.
The public- will realize as perhaps
never before the vasfness of the area
of Texas when told, through a plea for
relief from an Isolated section of that
state,, that there is no railroad' within
100 miles of Zapata County, from
whence, through Its Sheriff, comes the
cry of distress. This is practically a
rainless district, drouth having pre
vailed there continuously for the past
three years. The report accompanying
the plea for. help says: "The people
have no means of travel, no provender,
no animals to draw vehicles. Res2uers
will have to furnish their own means
of transportation and provide feed for
their animals eo route." The case is
almost as hopeless as Is that of the
Labrador fishermen, who can neither
ubslst on that bleak coast nor get
away from It. It Is absolutely useless
to give people thus elfuated a tempor
ary supply of food. The" only chance
for them to become self-supporting Is
to get out of there. There is nothing In
wandering about the sandhills of a
rainless region .begging people ao hun
gry as themselves for "a few grains of
corn .or a few beans with which to keep
soul and body together." Let Zapata
County, Texas, be developed by assisted
emigration, even though a full sat of
county officials thereby lose their jobs
and are foisted upon some more pros
perous community,, seeking.
Walter Wellman, In the Chicago Record-Herald,
gives an Interesting sum
mary of some of the suggestions made
by General Miles In the Spanish War,
for example: First, a march of the
Army over 300 mjles of muddy, roads In
Cuba In the rainy season from a base
which the larger transports could not
reach; second, the building of the "tes
tudo," or shield on wheels, to stop bul
lets an absurd contrivance; third, the
withdrawal of Shaf ter's Army from be
fore Santiago and its dispatch to Porto
Rico; fourth, that the fleet be with
drawn from Santiago that the Army
might have the full glory for the cap
ture; fifth, that half the fleet be sent
to Porto Rico, where it was not"needed;
sixth, the Immediate dispatch of 20,000
blue rosettes, aigrettes and cords to
Ponce; seventh, that not more than 6000
troops be sent to the Philippines. The
advice of Corbln came to be sought be
cause Mr. McKinley could not rely upon
that of Miles.
The campaign promises to be warm
in some sections of the state. This Is
well. A state lukewarm on political
Issues Is In danger of being the victim
of the "overwhelming majority" a
force that does not make for good gov
ernment. The best Interests of state
and Nation are served by the close
working majority In legislative matters.
There is nothing equal to it to keep
politicians on their good behavior In
matters of general public utility. An
alert public, as represented by the full
voting strength of the state at the polls,
Is Its own safeguard. An Inert public
Is the political trickster's ally. Let,-us
therefore have a "warm campaign,"
though' some of us, at least, may weary
of Its deluge of Words, and fall to find
anything new or amusing In the, stale
platitudes that are proclaimed from
the stump with all the assurance of a
man who has secured letters patent
upon the simple facts, known to all
men.
Representative Hopkins has captured
so far 394 delegates out of 1499 to the
Illinois Republican State Convention,
and 300 votes more are claimed for him
from Cook County. He needs 750, and
It looks as If he would get them. A
state nomination, however, Is not an
election, as Mr. Hopkins may learn
later. Meanwhile the Interesting thing
for Oregon In these figures is the size
of the state convention. Fifteen hun
dred delegates that's something like!
It's an Improvement over Oregon's 331.
The convention Is more of a representa--tlve
gathering and less of a close cor
poration. Party conventions in Oregon
should be reformed on the basis of
larger representation.
The statement from Mr. F. W. Mul
key, which appears In another column
of today's paper, deserves the earnest
consideration of Republicans who have,
like him, acted with the late lamented
Simon machine, and have been tempt
ed, perhaps, to give aid and comfort to
the fusion movement. Mr. Mulkey Is a
Republican. He expects to live longer
than the present campaign. He recog
nizes the peril involved in revolt from
a verdict rendered by a majority of the
party -atfalr primaries. His decision Is
one he is likely never to regret, and It
Is apt to have, an influence with other
men of force and Intelligence.
The Legislature of Iowa has Increased
the salary of the Governor from $4000
to $5000 a year. Only seven states pay
their 'chief executives more than that
New York, New Jersey and Pennsyl
vania, $10,000 each; Massachusetts, $8000;
and California. Illinois and Nevada $6000
each. Nine states, including Iowa, pay
5000, one pays $4500, and nine states
.pay $4000. The State of Washington
pays $4000, while Oregon and Vermont
are the only states that pay less than
$2000j. Probably the figures of several
states are as untrustworthy as those
of Oregon, where fees supplement the
constitutional salary.
The future of Republicanism In Mult
nomah County largely depends upon
the course of Senator Simon's following
this year. Acceptance of the result of
the primaries wlH be a precedent for ac
ceptance by others at the next reversal
of power. A bolt will be a precedent
for perpetual bolts. Nothing can be
gained by disloyalty. The foundation
of future strength can be laid by loy
alty. Is a Democratic Governor to greet
President Roosevelt when he comes to
Oregon In 1903? Is a Democratic Gov
ernor to be at the head of Oregon's state
government throughout the Lewis and
Clark Centennial?
Ancient Chinese Cannon.
Scientific American.
The North German Lloyd steamer Kre
feld has just brought to Germany 175 an
cient Chinese bronze guns which former
ly stood on the walls of Pekln, and, ac
cording to Inscriptions upon them, were
cast between 200 and 250 years ago In
Chinese arsenals under the superintend
ence of the Jesuits. It Is stated that the
more highly Ornamented pieces of cannon
are to be placed in the Naval Museum,
while the remainder are to be melted .for
the sake of the bronze.
. CURIOSITIES OF CURRENCY,
Boston Herald.
A correspondent has asked us what
kind of paper money Is most in clrcula- 4-
tlon In the United States. This Is a rather
strange question, for we are unable to tell
whether he means the actual number of
pieces of paper money, the value or the
denomination; but as the answer may in
terest more than one of our readers we
will try and give It roughly for all of
these questions. According to the table
issued by the Treasury 'Department each
month, there was In circulation on March
1, 1902, the following amount of paper
money: Gold certificates, $305,755,699; silver
certificates, $443,797,296; Treasury notes- of
1890. $35,168,390; United States notes, $333,
402,730, and National bank notes, $347,570,
246. This brings the total of the paper
money in circulation up to $1,467,694,361,
and, as will be seen from the figures, the
largest amount Is In silver certificates,, the
second largest In National bank notes,
the third In United States notes, or
greenbacks, the fourth in gold certificates,
and the last In Treasury notes or 1S90. Bo
much for that part of th'e question.
Now as regards the denomination of the
different bills. The Treasury Department
published in its financial tables figures
which show the amount outstanding In
each denomination. This is divided into
12 classes of bills of the 'following denomi
nations: One, two, five, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500,
1000. 5000, 10.000 and fractional parts. Tne
largest amount of money is In $10 bills,
that being figured at $414.472.8S2.. Next
come $5 bills, with $322,856,709, and third,
$20 bills, with $314,343,596. No other de
nomination equate 100,000.000 The fourth
In the list Is $10,000 bills, which amount to
'$SS,O10,CO0, and which are all gold certifi
cates, with the exception of a single
United States noto. The fifth class Is
the $100 bills. Then follow In order the
$1000 bills', the $1 bills, the S50 bills, the
$2 bills, the $5000 bills and the $500 bills.
This, we think, answers the second part
of the question.
As regards the actual number of pieces
of paper money in circulation. It can only
be obtained by dividing the amount
credited to each denomination by Its de
nomination. ThlH would place the $1 bills
at the head of the list, with the fives a
very close second, the 10s third, the two
fourth, the 20s fifth and the 50 sixth. In
no other denomination are there 1.000,000
bills In circulation, the remaining five
running In the following order: One
hundred. 1000. 500, 10.000 and 5000. Omitting
all fractional parts, and allowing for the
$1,000,000 which the. United States figures
at United States notes that have been de
stroyed, there Is left about $1,521,200,000 as
the total value of all tho paper money out
standing on February 28, which -was ac
counted for by about 150,000,000 pieces of
money, making the average value of the
paper money in circulation about $10 per
bill. It may be seen that the two totals
we have given for the amount of paper
money outstanding do not agree. This
Is explained by the fact that two dates
are given, and also that the first figures
of the circulation are those which are
carried on from month to month, and are
corrected by the Treasury officials, in
this way, to tho best of our ability, we
have answered our correspondent, but
It must be remembered that In figuring
money In circulation estimates only can
be given. As a rule, we think that the
Treasury Department, If It errs, does
so by overstating, rather than under
stating, tho amount of money In circula
tion. Education In the South.
New York Times.
Theneed of better educational facilities
in the South is recognized there as well as
throughout the country. The South is
doing much and preparing to do more,
and the rest of the country Is prepared
to help. The "General Education Board"
was formed systematically to direct aid
to Southern education. It 'will do its
work . without discrimination against
creed, or race or sex. It will do Its work
on business principles. It will work
through existing channels and with the
co-operation of enlightened public opin
ion In the South. Its agents are paid
agents. Its method does not smack of
charity nor of an offensive missionary
spirit. It has at its service definite local
Information about conditions and needs
In every part of the South, obtained by
paid and wellrtralned Southern men who
are giving their lives to this work. It
has the experlenco of the Peabody anj
Slater funds and of other benefactions;
and Its management Is In the hands of
conspicuously successful business men.
This board Is organized and its work
is projected on so broad a basis that it
seems likely to become, as It ought to be
come, the channel for the distribution of
the largest fund that has ever been spent
In a great patriotic undertaking. It al
ready has more than $1,000,000 to distribute
outright as It sees fit; and a reasonable
expectation Is that many public-spirited
men who regard the building of Southern
life as the foremost duty of our time will
use It as a channel of distribution of their
benefactions, whether they be large or
small.
War Department Too Secretive.
Chicago Record-Herald.
The report on the transport service
which has Just been published was
dragged out of the War Department by a
Congressional resolution, and this seems
to be a necessary method for procuring
War Department news.
Senators have been recommending It
recently as a means for getting at the
facts of a recent Philippines scandal, while
a tendency toward news suppression has
been noticeable, not only In the censor
ship of press dispatches, but In the atti
tude of the department toward an Investi
gation of such affairs as the peculations
In the Philippines. The public Is left
largely to conjectures, newspaper storlos
are called sensational and exaggerated,
When the public might be kept Informed
without even a momentary disadvantage
to the service, and when the best way
to prevent sensations and exaggerations
would be to give out the whole truth. The
policy that Is pursued Is a mistaken and
harmful one which leads to an Infraction
of the rights of the people, of their legis
lative representatives and of the press.
It ought to be abandoned and a much
greater frankness should characterize the
conduct of the Department.
"Hold tbe Wire."
Chicago Tribune.
There Is a habit of telephoning which
Is utterly selfish and should be stopped.
Its workings are as follows: Jones asks
his office boy to get Smith on the wire.
The boy summons Smith to his Instrument
and tells him to wait. "Hold the wire,"
saying Mr. Jones wishes to talk to him.
So Smith waits whll8 the boy tells Jones
to come. He does come In 30 second or
two minutes, during which time Smith
Is waiting more or less patiently. Jones
tries to save t'he time of waiting, so- he
robs" Smith of it. Probably, since Jones
called up, the business concerned him
more particularly. If Jones Is so busy ne
I cannot rpare the. time of waiting at the
pinTnUMHA .m imil1 Via a Vila frk o tfwv i
IViejJUUilC iU OUUU1U "t cwv. uuvrtvt
desk Instrument. If he Is not. so busy
ho should make the wait himself, Instead
of shifting it to his correspondent. The
habit Is a discourtesy and should be
severely rebuked.
a
One Historian Is Awake.
New York Times.
In his "Foundations of American For
eign Policy," Professor Albert Bushnel
Hart makes a point, the significance of
which la apt to be .overlooked by the
casual reader. It Is one which the antl
expansionlsts may well ponder over. The
author shows that the territories which
have successively passed Into states were
all really colonies In their times some of
them, such as Louisiana, Florida and
Texas, alien colonies Into the bargain
and that debates over the Constitutional
legitimacy of governing them have been
curiously revived in fact and logic In
discussing the condition of the Philippines.
But besides all this. Professor Hart shows
that American expansion beyond the con.
1 fines of this continent was bdth inevit
able and desirable.
- ONE VIEW OP KINDERGARTENS.
Chlcatro Chronicle.
The community has become thoroughly
aroused in behalf of the thousands of
children under primary school age whom
the majority of the board of school trus
tees have cast Into the streets and alleys
as the only alternative left by the closing
of the kindergartens.
It must be presumed that the closing of
the kindergartens by the school trustees
is due in some measure to Ignorance of
the nature of the kindergarten.
Kindergarten means a garden of chil
dren, a poetical descriptive ot the most
practical school ever devised.
The kindergarten is the school for chil
dren not old enough to go to the primary
school.
In every great city there are thousands
of children who must be condemned to a
life In streets and alleys during the work
ing hours of the day unless shelter Is
provided for them away from their homes,
which In many cases are squalid or brutal,
or In which the little ones would be left
alone on account of the absence of both
parents during working" hours.
There Is no greater Incendiary In a city
than a child left alone in a house and old
enough, to start a fire.
There is a large proportion of homes in
every great city from which It Is" the duty
of the community to removo the child at
least a portion of the day as soon ns it is
old enough to be taken into a school. Tho
kindergarten Is a school In- which while
playing the child begins to acquire habits
of order, obedience, neatness, respect for
authority, love of law. truthfulness, mod
esty and politeness.
In brief, the kindergarten Is a school In
a playroom.
To cloae the kindergartens Is to cast 4000
Chicago children out of the playroom,
where they are kept happy, clean, gentle
and order-loving,, Ihto the human garbage
box. In which they will come Into contact
with only filth, obscenity, brutality and
the merciless wheels of street-cars ana
other vehicles.
Abolition of the kindergarten of Chicago
is a sentence of moral death and physical
crippling upon thousands of Chicago chil
dren. Abolition Of the kindergartens Is to de
prive thousands of Chicago children of
shelter and Instruction In the fundamen
tals of physical, moral and mental Tight
ness and to compel them to become ap
prentices In tho schools conducted by law
lessness under the sidewalks. In hallways.
In hovels. In cellars and In attics.
Abolition of the Chicago kindergartens
Is In effect a compulsory transfer of thou
sands of Chicago children from the tuition
of teachers trained In artistic skill and
humanity to the teaching of Fagln.
Abolition of the Chicago kindergartens
means that for every dollar saved on a
kindergarten $1000 and more will have to
be spent upon Jails and reform schools.
The kindergarten Is the anti-toxin of
juvenile delinquency.
Abolition of the Chicago kindergartens
means a perpetual epidemic of juvenile de
linquency. The Chicago kindergarten Issue Is be
tween the entire Intelligent and humane
community on one side and a few school
trustees on the other, led by a corpora
tion attorney.
Gloomy Ontloolc for the Stage.
New York Evening Post.
In general. It must be said, the the
atrical outlook Is not encouraging. How
little there has been upon the local stage
during the now dying season to which the
mind can revert with either pleasure or
profit! Hiss Crosman has given us a de
lightful "As You Like It," Mr. Sothem a
capital romantic drama, J. H. Stoddart
a superb and moving bit of character
work, Mr. Hawtrey a most pleasant en
tertainment, and Mrs. Patrick Campbell
has lent her personal fascination and un
questionable abilities to characters of
PInero,. BJornson. Maeterlinck and Eche
garay, all more, oa less Infected by mor
bidity. More and more the tendency of
our managers seems to be In the direc
tion of the sensational, the sensual and
the abnormal. This accounts for the Im
pending exhibition of Bernhardt as Romeo.
An atrocious scene In "The Conquerors"
is reproduced with even grosser animalism
In a piece written In a vein of light com
ery, and so dulled Is the once delicate
sense of public decency that no protest
has been made. After "Zaza" and
"Sapho" comes "Du Barry," and now,
the limits of one kind of sensationalism
having been reached. It Is proposed to
provide new thrills for the callous mob
In "The Passion Play." Even Mr. Phil
lips seems to have been affected by the
spirit of the time, and Is writing .a play
on the story of David and Bathsheba. Be
yond question the present degradation of
the stage Is due In no small measure to
that part of the press which persistently
misrepresents the true quality of the plays
which it reports, lauding what Is silly,
Ignoring what Is serious, and advertising
what is unclean; but the prime cause of It
Is the vicious and foolish system which
has destroyed the only practical schools
of acting and made It possible for mo
nopolizing speculators to enrich themselves
by the exploitation of favored mediocrity.
Insured Marconi for $750,000.
,New York World.
Marconi has entered the class of King
Edward VII and J. Plerpont Morgan, his
lift having been Insured for $750,000 In
the interest of others. The beneficiaries
applied for the Insurance on the ground
that Marconi's death would interfere seri
ously with the exploitation of their pro
ject. They naturally prefer to pay the
premiums and never collect the amount,
as a live Marconi Is worth more to them
than $750,000..
The insurance on the life of the Inventor
Is similar. to the policies outstanding at
Lloyd's. London against the death of J.
Plerpont Morgan. Men who had never
seen Mr. Morgan asked for Insurance on
his life, but the companies granted the
policies on the broad business basis that
a proper Insurable Interest existed In the
applicants' connection with great enter
prises with whose management Mr. Mor
gan is Identified. He Is believed to be
the only American whose life has been
Insured in this manner at Lloyd's, Lon
don. King Edward Is the best-Insured man In
the world for other persons. Hundreds of
men whose business would bo ruined In
case of his death have taken out policies
on his life. The total amount In force
aggregates several million pounds sterling.
Many of theso risks represent pure gam
bling on the life of the King, however.
The $750,000 insurance on the life of
Marconi Is regarded as a legitimate busi
ness venture and a compliment to the
young Inventor.
The Darkling Thrush.
I leant upon a coppice gate
When Frost "was specter gray.
And Winter's dreg3 made desolate
The weakening: eye of day.
The tangled blue-stems scored the sky
Like ettlngs from broken lyres.
And all mankind that haunted nigh.
Had sought their household fires.
The land's sharp features seemed to be
The century's corpse outleant.
His crypt the cloudy canopy.
The wind his death lament.
The ancient pulse of germ and birth
Was shrunken hard and dry,
And every spirit upon earth
Seemed fervorlera as L
At once a voice outburst among'
The bleak twigs overhead
In a full-hearted evenscng
Of joy llllmlted.
An aged thrush, frail, gaunt and small,
Jn blast-beruffled plume, .
Had chosen thus to flng his soul
Upon the growing gloom.
So little cause for carollngs
Of such ecstatic sound
Was written onVerrestrlal things
Afar or nigh around.
That I could think there trembled through
His happy good-nlght air
Some blessed Hope, whereof he knew
And I was unaware.
Thomas Hardy.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
- i -
Once more the umpire becomes a sub
ject for public jest."
Strawberries are in the market, and a
rich man may eat one. for breakfast every
day. .
An Jpwa man yesterday shot his father.
Perhaps the old man was unable to get
the boy a place in the Cabinet.
Berlin has experienced a violent storm,
but tbe Kaiser has accustomed the people
there to that sort of thing.
The Civic Improvement League Is to
try to abate public nuisances, and candi
dates are beginning to feel uneasy.
As he Is allowed neither to fight nor
to talk. General Miles doesn't seem to be
doing the Army any particular good.
The Queens of the May arc arranging
celebrations which will throw King Ed
ward's little affair completely In the
shade.
Again we know the gentle Spring with all it3
rose Is here.
For does not flaunt on every side the sign
of the bock beer?
The Government is now going after the
beef trust. Persecution of this sort will
soon drive the poor magnates to ask Con
gress for a beef subsidy bill.
East SIders object to the establishment
ot a river resort on the ground that the
youth of the neighborhood will have no
trouble in getting soaked there.
Professor Gallaudet, who has done so
much toward educating deaf mutes, tells
this story: One of the professor's favor
ite pupils, an uuusually precocious child.
was asked by his teacher If he knew the
story of George Washington and tho
cherry tree. With his fingers tho youngs
ter repeated the tale without a break, un
til he came to the point where the elder
Washington questions his son. "When
George's father asked him who hacked
his favorite cherry tree," continued the
child, moving his signalling fingers al
most as rapidly as some persons move
their tongues, "George put his hatchet In
his left hand " "Walt a moment," said
tho professor; "how do you know that he
took the hatchet In his left nana?" "Be
cause," answered the boy, "he needed hlA
right to tell his father that he had
chopped the tree."
One of the most difficult positions on a
newspaper to fill to the satisfaction of
all concerned is that of market reporter.
He may take all the pains possible to
procure correct quotations, and find that
when his report Is printed next day but
ter has dropped, eggs have gone up, po
tatoes are declining, hops are weak, and.
In 3hort. everything he has named is
wrong. It is very unpleasant for him as
he goes about among dealers the next
day to hear 'people inquiring how much
is being paid for potatoes, eggs, butter,
etc., and when the price Is named to hear
the seller say, "Why, the morning pa
per quotes these as so much"; and to hear
the dealer say. "Well, take them to tho
morning paper," the price on the street
is only "so much." x
It seldom happens that the market re
porter Is requested to take a load of po
tatoes or a lot of eggs at the prices he
has quoted, but things are tending that
way. A day or two ago such a reporter
received by express from a remote corner
of the state a "fisher skin" with a noto
as follows: "You say . fisher skins aro
worth $6 apiece. Get $C for this one and
send me the money." The reporter was
slightly startled by the request, and o
course imagined that, the price of fisher
skins, had gone down, and If he was to be
heltl to his quotations and allowed noj
commission he was likely to be a loser, j
for the sender of the skin stateu tnat ne
had a lot more which would be sent as
soon as returns from the first one were re
ceived. He shouldered the fisher skin,
which happened to be a fine one, and the
first dealer he saw gladly gave him $6
for it, and promised to take all tne rest.
Now ,that reporter Is scheming to start,
a commission store as an adjunct to thoj
paper, and proposes to quote such prices
that he will have a show to come out even,
at least on consignments of furs andl
other skins.
'
A Friend to Man.
Dr. Edward Bedloe. In Brooklyn Eagle,
April, 1002.
There are hermit souls that live withdrawn.
In the place of their self -content;
There are souls like stars that dwell apart
In a fellowless firmament;
There are pioneer soula that blaze their,
paths where hlshways never ran
But let me live by the side of the road and
be a friend to man.
I watch from my house by the side of the.
road by the sfile ot the highway of
life
The men who press on In the ardor of hope,
and those who fall faint with thQ(
strife.
But I turn not aside for their smiles or their
tears both parts of an infinite plan,
Just let me live by the side of the road andi
be a irlend to man.
Just let me live by the side of the road.
where the race of men go by; '
tviv nr trnnd. tK?v are badr they aro
strong, they are weak, wise, foolish'
and so am I. t
Then why should I sit on the scorner'a eeatl
or hurl the cynic's ban
Just let me live by the side ot the road and1
be a friend to man. !
PLEASANTRIES OF PAKAGRAFHERS;
On His Hands. "I noticed you hoelns your
garden yesterday. What are you raising?"!
"Blisters, mostly." Philadelphia Press.
A Second-Rater. "Can you twist hlm(
around your finger?" "Yes; but he gets,
broke so easily it Isn't worth while."'
Judge.
To a Limited Extent. Violet Did you know
they had a crew at Wellesley? Jim Jam
They have? Case ot 'pretty maids all In a
row.' Harvard Lampoon.
Pointed Question. "Are you a self-mado
man?" asked little Bobble of the visitor. "I
am, my boy." replied the visitor, much
pleased. "An ain't you sorry you didn't lot
eomebody else help you?" persisted Bobble.
Ohio State Journal.
Hard Work. First Lawyer How did you
come out In settling up. old Gotrox's estate?
Second Lawyer II was a hard struggle. First
LaWyer No I Second Lawyer Yes; I had
hard work to keep the heirs from getting
part of the estate. Ohio State Journal.
An Insinuation. Mayme See. the lovely soli
taire engagement ring Jack gave me. Isn't
It a beauty? Edyth It certainly Is. By the
way. dear, what Is Jack's occupation? Mayme
He Is superintendent of a glass factory.
Edyth Hem! I thought so. Chicago Dally
News.
Hector Why, doctor, where are you oft to?
I thousht the meet wai down at the cross
roads. Doctor Well, the fact is. I've got
a patient up here that I must see. and the
hounds are certain to come this way. Rec
tor I see. Killing two birds with one stone,
eh? Punch.
Easily Explained. "I can't understand."
said Emperor William, as he perused hia
brother'3 notebooks, "between New York and
Chicago you have jotted down nothing but
commas. What are the commas?" "Short,
etops;" chuckled Prince Henry. Chicago
Dally News.
In a rural town near Elsla the postman
carries passengers In the mall-glg to and
from the nearest town. An English tourist,
who had booked his passage one morning, got
irritated at the slow rate of speed, and sharp
ly Inquired of the man of letters It that was
the only pace his horse could ga at. "Na,
na," replied the driver, pawklly, "he can
gang slower than that." Tlt-Blta.