'jraf
tSTr'W pyWS- "j? f rr cj
' "; -Mjl-i
WWW
S"W- v TFa?r-T
'5-
' f r-'s?'- --rr'" V ""
THE MORNING OREGOfflAN. WEDNESDAY, MARCH 12, 1902.
Jt rje00mcm
Entered at the Postoffice at FcrtlaniS, Oregon,
as eeconfl-rclass matter.
REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES.
By Hall (postage prepaid, in Advance
Daily, with Sunday, pr month 85
Daily. Sunday excepted, per Tear. 50
Daily, with Sunday, per year...... 0 00
Sunday, per year 2 00
The "Weekly, per yar 1 CO
The Weekly. 3 months W
To City Subscribers
Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays excepted.l5c
Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays IncludeeUzOo
POSTAGE RATES.
United States. Canada and Mexico:
10 to 14-page paper .. lc
14 to 28-page paper 2c
Foreign rates double.
News or discussion intended for publication
in The Oregonlan should be addressed invaria
bly "Editor The, Oregonlan,'' not to tho name
o any Individual. Letters relating to adver
tising, subscriptions or to any business matter
should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan."
The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories
from Individuals, and cannot undertake to re
turn any manuscripts sent to it without solici
tation. No stamps should be inclosed for this
purpose.
Eastern Business Office, 43. 44, 45, 47, 48, 40
Tribune building. New York City; 4C9 "The
Rookery," Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth special
agency. Eastern representative.
For sale In San Francisco by L. E. Lee, Pal
ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros., 230
Sutter street; F. W. Pitts, 1008 Market street;
J. X. Cooper Co., 740 Market street, near the
Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear, Ferry news
stand.
For Bale in Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner.
250 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, 305
So. Spring street.
For sale in Sacramento by Sacramento News
Co., 420 K street, Sacramento, Cal.
For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co.,
217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald,
B3 "Washington street.
For sale In Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1012
Farnam street
For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News
Co., 77 W. Second South street.
For sale In Nw Orleans by A. C. Phelps,
003 Commercial Alley.
For sale In Ogden by "W. C. Kind, 204 Twenty-fifth
street, and C. H. Myers.
On .file at Charleston, S. C, in the Oregon ex
hibit at the exposition.
For.salo in Washington, D. a, by the Ebbett
House news stand.
For sale in Denver. Colo., by Hamilton &
Xendrlck, 000-012 Seventeenth street; Louthaa
& Jackson Book & Stationery Co., 15th and
Lawrence streets!' A. Series, 1053 Champa
street.
j
TODAVS WEATHER-Showers, with south
westerly winds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER-Maxlmum tern
perature, 07; minimum temperature, 45; pre
cipitation, 0.02 Inch.
PORTLAXB, WEDXESDAY, MARCH 12
DIVERTED BE'EFICEXCE.
There ia something' of downright dis
honesty on the part of the professional
educators of the country In the persist
ence with which they turn from the
original purpose and intent the great
funds from time to time dedicated to
technical and industrial education and
which commonly fall Into their hands.
Apparently not content with the great
patronage given by the state every
where and by private beneficence to
purely academic alms and uses, they
contrive unceasingly, either through
definite purpose or through subconscious
instinct, to gain command of these spe
cial funds and to so use them as prac
tically to set aside the purposes of the
donors and to further aggrandize the
schools of traditional scholarship.
The latest diversion of this kind Is
the transfer announced In yesterday's
telegraphic news of the equipment and
endowment of the Armour Technical In
stitute at Chicago to the Chicago Uni
versity. Mr. Armour gave the great
fund which supports this school for the
definite purpose of affording the youth
of Chicago opportunity for industrial
as distinct from academic training. He
organized, and equipped it to that end
with a princely liberality. He might
have given the money to the Chicago
University, and presumably if he had
wanted the money to go there he would
have put it there himself. And yet
before he Is fairly cold in his grave
the school which he founded and en
dowed for a special purpose is handed
over bag and baggage to another school
founded upon another Idea and conduct
ed to other ends. Of course, there is
the usual undertaking that the identity
of the Armour Institute and the pur
pose of its foundation shall be main
tained in the new connection, but every
man of observation knows what the end
will be Little by little at first the
academic Idea will crowd upon the in
dustrial idea, and ultimately every pur
pose and principle for which the Ar
mour Institute stands every notion
which Mr.. Armour had in mind in its
foundation will be thrown over. This
has happened everywhere else where
similar adjustments have been made,
and in the very nature of things history
rwili repeat itself at Chicago.
Take the case of Stanford University,
for examntej- All the world knows that
Mr. Stanford's original aim was to
make it a practical school as distinct
from a- school of purely academic schol
arship. This Idea was accepted by those
who came into the original organiza
tion. Professors of various practical
crafts were brought Into the faculty
and special courses of lectures were
given in the promotion of industrial
training- along practical lines. A special
outfit of mechanical shops was provided
for instruction in the industrial arts,
and still they remain or did a short
time back silent and rusty memorials
of a great project which failed. The
reason of this failure was not because
the plan was not a sound one, but be
cause it was never given a fair trial.
The professional educators who man
aged the school had no interest in the
practical as distinct from the academic
plans of the founder. Thel interest and
the interest of the students who came
tinder their influence was directed, not
toward but from the working depart
ments. Purposely or unconsciously, the
whole? tone of Stanford was pitched
upon the traditional plan of education
upon the old academic Ideals and
methods. It was not Ibng before the
shops became a joke, and," as college
fashion goes, it is not long after a col
lege department gets to be a joke before
it finds its way to the ash heap of things
outworn and discarded. Today nobody
ever hears of the plans for practical
education, which, according to Mr.
Stanford's idea, were to characterize the
school which he founded. Stanford Uni
versity is like every other great school
of traditional scholarship; it simply
duplicates tho facilities of other univer
sities.. The alms of the founder have
been lost; the Ideals of professionalism
have to borrow a phrase from the
street won out.
(i Then there was the "Wilmerding be
quest made a few years ago for the
foundation of a technical school at San
Francisco. "Let it be a school," said
Mr. Wilmerding, In his will, "whete
there is abundant work for the
hands, and not too much study."
The money . was . put out for a
fine plant, and the whole thing
turned over to be administered by a
committee of which the scholarly head
of the State University was made
chairman. There was an elaborate or
ganization with professors of science,
with flower pots abloom In the windows
and with nice young women to give in
struction in literature, polite deport
ment and other essentials of a hard
working mechanics' practical equipment
for life. Tho school is, we are told, do
ing "beautiful work." The odor of lav
ender water is over it from cellar to
garret, and it is turning out each year
a fine grist of high-browed young men
filled with lofty Ideals and keen to get
out into the busy world where they seek
jobs of teaching others how to work
with their hands. And there are those
who think sometimes that if Mr. Wil
merding could be made conscious of it
all he would turn over in his grave.k
At best manual training in a school
Is no easy thing, because It Is hard to
teach Industry where industry is not
practically carried on. Another reason
is that the management of so-called in
dustrial schools is almost invariably
given Into the hands, of professional
educators who have no real and work
ing knowledge of the things they teach
and no sympathy In connection with
them. They give to those who pass
under their instruction not the
splritand ambition of industry, but
the spirit and ambition of academic
thought and life. They turn out, not a
product of skilled mechanics eager to
do the work of mechanics, but of young
men schooled In contempt of manual
labor and ambitious to find place in the
crowded ranks of professionalism.
What might be done under the terms
of a gift like that of Mr. Wilmerding
we do not know; possibly nothing bet
ter than what Is done. But It would be
Interesting to see what would come out
of a schoolof Industry presided over by
men in leather aprons, enthusiastic for
the work of their trades, creating the
atmosphere of these trades and careless
whether their finger nails are polished
or not It would, too, be gratifying to
see just for once an honest effort to
carry out the wish of some giver of a
great gift, like Mr. Wilmerding, in the
spirit and to the precise end for which
the gift was made.
A GROSS ABUSE
The action of the House of Represent
atives, reported In yesterday's dis
patches, in declining to put the rural
free delivery upon a business basis
makes a bad outlook for a service which
has much to commend It In its legiti
mate development and much to be
afraid of in the possibilities of its abuse.
The rural delivery answers In many
districts a reasonable demand and per
forms a real service; and in doing this
it gives employment to a considerable
number of persons. It is In connection
with this last-named fact that the dan
ger lies. The politicians everywhere are
seeing that the rural delivery may be
used handily as an attachment to the
local political machine, and through
their Initiative the demands upon the
Postal Department for the creation of
new delivery systems are overwhelm
ing both as to number and cost; anil
where routes are already established
there is persistent political pressure to
Increase the number of pay of carrlera
It is in the nature of things the easiest
sort of a political graft, for the people
of any neighborhood can be got with
out effort to petition for the spending of
Government money locally for any pur
pose; and no member of Congress was
ever known to decline to give to a local
appeal from his district, whether for
something necessary or something su
perfluous, the weight of his personal
sanction and the support of his depart
ment "pull."
Under these Influences the rural de
livery is expanding at an alarming rate,
new systems being established, not only
where they are needed, but In situa
tions where they serve no purpose save
that of the politicians. The father of
the service in Congress, Hon. Eugene
P. Loud, of the Fifth California dis
trict, is a good deal of a politician him
self, and, generally speaking, by no
means averse to making the most out
of the patronage at his command, but
he Is a reasonable man, and he Is very
earnestly a friend cf the rural free de
livery. He sees plainly that under pres
ent conditions the service is bound to
be overloaded with the dead weight of
politics, and that the only way to save
it from abuses calculated to destroy It
Is to take It out of the hands Of the poli
ticians and re-establish it on a business
basis.
This was the purpose which has
just been defeated. Mr. Loud's argu
ment, while It did not command the
votes, was In itself unanswerable. Up
to this time, he declared In the course
of a long speech in the House on the
3d Inst, the rural delivery has been po
litical in its organization that is, ap
pointments to the service have been
made by local postmasters themselves
holding office through political favor
and It has given indirectly to many
Congressmen their first, or their larg
est, taste of public patronage; and
under this Inspiration It has In a
very brief time advanced from an eco
nomical beginning to the most extrava
gant branch of the public service. , At
Its Inception the carriers received $300
.per annum. They now receive $600. If
the - salary system continued, Mr.
Loud predicted, they will eventual
ly receive $800 or $900. At the
present time $850,000 Is being spent for
a supervisory force, when -one-tenth
part of that sum ought to pay for all
the supervision required. The remedy
for this great and growing graft Is, Mr.
Loud declared, to take the servlee out
of politics and to re-establish It on a
competitive or business basis. The plan
proposed In the bill which Mr. Loud, as
chairman of the House committee on
postal affairs, cordially supported, was
to take the appointment of carriers out
of the hands of politicians and let out
the work by contract, In each district,
to the lowest bidder.
The failure of Congress to authorize
this change after a long discussion, In
which the point at Issue was fully de
veloped, exhibits the disposition of the
average Congressman In matters of this
sort He dos .not want business princi
ples to prevail In those departments of
public expenditure which may be so
turned as to promote his personal and
political ends, and he will not vote for
such change. He would rather waste
the great sum estimated by Mr. Loud
at $14,000,000 per year between, the ulti
mate cost of the rural delivery under
a legitimate business system and the
ultimate cost under the extravagant po
litical system. That Congress will hold
out for the system of political appoint
ments for a long time to come is cer
tain; but In the end the system Is bound
to break down of Its own weight An
'abuse so flagrant cannot jn the nature
of things endure permanently.
The City Marshal of Portland, Me.;
reports that, during the past year the
pftllce department has made 1149 arrest3
for intoxication. Sheriff Pearson, who!
Is a prohibitionist parson, has been
boasting that his enforcement of the
prohibitory liquor law had been so ef
fective that there was not a saloon in
Portland doing business; that Portland
was a "dry" city. Nevertheless, 1149
persons were arrested for .being drunk
In this arid district of America.
MUNICIPAL REFORM.
The weak point In the government of
the American people Is the administra
tion of municipal rule in our important
cities and towns. Our State and Na
tional Governments are ably, econom
ically and uprightly administered, com
pared with that of the leading govern
ments of Europe, but the municipal
government of our Important cities Is
not equal in economy and efficiency to
that of Birmingham, Glasgow, Berlin
or Paria '
There are those who hold that good
municipal government cannot be ex
pected of democracy, but it is vigor
ously contended, on the other hand, that
a municipal government directly rep
resentative of and responsible to the
people of the city, having distinct leg
islative and administrative depart
ments, has not been tried by our Im
portant cities. Nowhere else Is munici
pal government so Irresponsible as It Is
In the United States. In some states
the Legislature by special acts governs
each city separately, even In matters of
petty detail. In other states legislation
is limited to acts general in form and
applicable to all cltle3 of a given class.
In Pennsylvania the Legislature may
by special act remove the Mayor of a
city, authorize the Governor to name
his successor, and forthwith disorgan
ize and disband the public service.
The City of New York Is governed by
the Legislature of the state. Some of
Its officials are responsible to the Gov
ernor and subject by him to removal.
The City of New York, with 3,500,000
people, Is not permitted today to deter
mine for Itself during- what hours its
saloons shall be closed. This question
is decided for New York City by a ma
jority of country members In the Legis
lature, who are no more qualified to de
termine the legal restraints upon the
social life of a vast cosmopolitan com
munity, like New York, than they are
to devise a system of local ordinances
for the police government of the city
of Lahore, the capital of the Punjab,
the Sikh province of British India. The
officials of New York City are subject
In the discharge of their duties to con
stant intermeddling by the Legislature.
In Illinois the City of Chicago Is greatly
hampered In matters of merely local
government for want of power to gov
ern itself. All this state interference
in matters purely local Is pernicious,
and what every considerable city needs
is emancipation from state Interference
In local matters and the gift of home
rule. What is wanted Is a municipal
government directly representative of
and responsible to the people of the
city, and having distinct legislative and
administrative departments. Chicago is
fuller of fair promise of good municipal
government In the future than New
York, for the Council of the City of
Chicago possesses large powers. In
1895 It was absolutely owned by special
Interests, but today the people of Chi
cago are represented in its Council by
50 of Its 70 members. It Is organized
on non-partisan lines, the best mem
bers being In control of all Important
committees.
There can be no genuine municipal re
form except on the basis of home rule.
If a Legislature, whenever the adminis
tration of any city becomes unsatisfac
tory to the state boss, may by special
act remove its Mayor and disrupt Its
local public service, there can, of course,
be no sense of security for efficient mu
nicipal government. The state should
permit the people of a city to determine
for themselves all matters of city gov
ernment; the people should have au
thority to legislate for themselves In
all matters of local concern. The at
tempt by the state arbitrarily to govern
the city makes the government of both
city and state Irresponsible, Inefficient
and corrupt They represent a brace -of
dirty hands, each one with farcical
solemnity striving to rub the other
clean. Home rule for the city robs the
state of no proper authority within the
city. The state continues to legislate
for the whole people of the state in re
spect to such matters of common con
cern as crime, personal rights, the fam
ily, education, property, corporations,
commerce, elections and general taxa
tion, and this legislation is enforced in
the city by local officers. Thirty years
ago, because the City of Boston had no
use for the state prohibitory liquor law,
the "hayseed and cheesepress" majority
that had imposed this law upon Boston
undertook to enforce it by the creation
of a state constabulary, but the last
state of the law was worse than the
first; the state did not succeed In Its
effort to vitalize a law that could not
be locally enforced by the municipal
administration.
The powers of Home Rule which may
be advantageously exercised by a city
include the power to frame a city gov
ernment and define Its authority, the
police power so far as local, the power
of taxation for local purposes, Including
schools, the power to establish and ad
minister streets and parks, the power
to supply public necessities directly or
by means of the public service corpora
tion, and the power to establish and
administer reformatory and charitable
Institutions. To the objection that the
people of the city cannot safely exercise
such powers; that they are Incapable
of self-government; that the govern
ment of the state must stand guard
over the people of the city, and save
them from themselves, Mr. Edwin Bur-
ritt Smith In the Atlantic Monthly
answers that the government of the
state is not seldom "the means by
which incorporated greed uses the pub
lic authority for private ends; that It
Is Impossible for the entire people of
the state to know the needs of Its sev
eral local communities as well as their
own people know them." There is no
doubt in any intelligent candid mind
that Mr. Smith Is right in his final con
tention that the people of a city should
be free to determine all questions of
municipal public policy; they should
possess power to legislate as well as to
administer; they should enjoy legislat
ive as well a3 administrative freedom.
The great trouble in the matter of
reform in municipal government Is that
its price Is eternal popular vigilance
and Interest, which It is almost Impossi
ble to stimulate and maintain. Tom
Hood said: "Evil is often wrought by
want of thought," and Anthony Trol
lope. In one of his novels, keenly says
that the Immunity obtained by the
avaricious and the unjust In this world
Is not due "to the Ignorance of the
world as to their sins, but to the in
difference of the world as to whether
they be sinful or no."
BEWILDBRIXG POSSIBILITIES.
The organization of a Rose Club In
Portland is a matter upon which all
citizens who have a decent pride in the
appearance of the city from a stand
point of taste may congratulate them
selves. The membership of this club,
already considerable, should and doubt
less will be swelled to hundreds, as the
season advances and the infection (the
love of rosea being decidedly infectious)
spreads. To learn of roses and their
treatment, to know them by name, to
watch their development and finally to
revel in their beauty and.fragrance. be
comes a delight and In a sense a pas
sion. Our climate and situation are pe
culiarly adapted to rose culture. We
rarely have a Winter which, with
slight protection, tea roses do not come
through without harm, while the hybrid
perpetuals. of which there Is a large
and constantly Increasing family, live
and thrive through our hardest Win
ters, sending forth bud and blossom
usually until Christmas and going
bravely on duty again in the early
Spring. To classify these roses and
name them is the work of the profes
sional rosarian. But the amateur may,
with ordinary diligence and Intelligence,
.have fine rose3 In bloom in greater or
less abundance In ordinary seasons in
the dooryard of his Portland home from
May until October.
To encourage and increase this type
of rose culture Is the self-imposed mis
sion of the Rose Club. It is not too
much to say, judging from experience
In this line, that the efforts of rose
fanciers, whether members of the Rose
Club or pursuing rose culture aa indi
viduals, will contribute greatly to the
pleasure of visitors to the Lewis and
Clark Centennial Fair. We have but
to recall the delight of members of the
National Press Association at the rose
phow prepared as a feature of their en
tertainment In this city three years ago
to verify this statement These visitors
were banqueted and feted; given a sea
side trip, clambake, and a tour of the
state to Its extreme southern limit
Boat rides and trolley-car rld.es and re
ceptions were given, but the feature of
their visit to Oregon, and speclally to
Portland, that gave the longest-lived
pleasure was the gorgeous display of
roses spread for them under a 'mam
moth tent and renewed from day to day
from the gardens and dooryard3 of the
city during their entire stay. They
were simply overwhelmed with the
beauty of the display, and at the last
carried away arms full of rosesi with
the purpose of pressing and preserving
them as souvenirs of Portland. This
rose show was, it will be remembered
made with a week's preparation and
drawn from the rose bushes that, with
out special attention, were In bloom at
that time (early In July). What may
not be accomplished In this direction
by preconcerted effort extending over
the period between the present Spring
and the opening of the fair three years
hence? Truly, the possibilities that are
suggested by this question are bewildering.
Settlers are coming into the North
west by thousands. Heavy trains run
ning In two and three sections, crowd
ed with homeseekers, roll into the
Rooky Mountain section, and, dropping
portions of their living freight here and
there, push on to the Pacific Coast,
bringing hundreds of settlers. In a sin
gle day last w.eek six teams carrying
in the aggregate 2500 people rolled into
Helena, Mont A newspaper of that
city says that "when those destined for
points farther West got off to stretch
their legs the crowd looked like a po
litical mass meeting." Agents say that
the prospect for a. large immigration in
creases dally. The mighty section In
viting Immigration and development
will absorb these people, and thousands
to come after them without .crowding.
Oregon will take a goodly share and
exUnd cordial welcome to all.
Two years ago the Republican party
In Multnomah County, under the lead
ership of those then and now directing
It, was on so narrow a basis that defeat
was Inevitable, and the defeat was an
overthrow. It is under the same direc
tion still, and the so-called regular or
ganization is plodding along In the
same old way. regardless of the lesson,
maintaining the close corporation and
refusing to enlarge the circle. Should
not the party circle be widened, so as
to Include some more persons than the
little old ring whose leadership has been
so disastrous?
It Is not fit that the entire local gov
ernment city and county, should be In
the hands of one man. Yet It Is prac
tically so now; and this constitutes
the main strength he has In his "push"
for re-election to the United States Sen
ate. Control of a political party and
administration of public affairs, through
the ascendancy of that party, ought not
to be wholly In one man's hands. One
man rule is no good rule for a commu
nity. And every political party ought
to have a wider basis.
Again the anonymous correspondent
has appeared urging a portage railway
at ' the dalles of the Columbia. This
time he or she uses 6000 words to recom
mend the construction of a trolley line
there. That project has been defeated
many times by the fickleness of human
nature and the unwillingness of its
friends to stand up and be counted.
What a "machine" is a politico-official
machine Is apparent now to all
who take note of the work Mr. Simon
Is doing since he came -from Washing
ton. Without this machine he could do
nothing whatever. There Is positively
no demand, among the people, for his
.re-election to the Senate.
It is not to be overlooked that the
some leadership, narrow and selfish,
that led the Republican p'arty in Mult
nomah County to defeat two years ago.
Is fixing up a similarly narrow and self
ish programme today. The defeat of
two years ago Is It to be repeated?
It requires no little hardihood in a
machine that got the Republican party
in Multnomah County so tremendously
whipped two years ago, to bring for
ward now the same narrow programme
that was turned down so violently then.
The single Issue In the contest for
the primaries on Saturday is Mr. Joseph
Simon. He has come from Washington
to meet it If the voters who are reg
istering attend the primary, he will be
beaten.
Just as a bit of informal weather rec
ord, let it be chroniced that the first
Spring day of 1903 came March 11.
THEY KEEP REBELLION ALIVtf.
Peace Party la United States, Says
FRBston, Are Responsible.
CHICAGO, MarchlL General Frederick
Funston was the guest of honor at an
elaborate banquet held tonight In the
clubhouse of the Marquette Club, mem
bers of the Lincoln Club also sharing in
the occasion.
General Funston arrived In the city at
3" o'clock this afternoon for a' stay of two
aays, during which time ho will be the
guest of various clubs and" this city as
well. He was met by a reception com
mittee composed of members of the City
Council and members of, the Marquette
Club. He was escorted to the Auditorium
Hotel, where he remained until late in the
afternoon, when he was driven to the
clubhouse of the Marquette Club, where
an informal reception lasting for an horn
was held. It had been the original Inten
tion to hold a great reception, but Gen
eral Funston said that his physical condi
tion was not equal to the strain that
would be Imposed by a function of that
kind.
The speakers at the banquet held to
night were: General John C. Black, of
Chicago, and Colonel Henry L. Turner, of
Chicago. General Funston said:
"Had It not been for the so-called peace
party In the States, the Insurrection would
have been suppressed finally In January.
1900. Since that time, 600 lives have been
sacrificed and millions of dollars have
been spent Were it not for the hope of
the few leaders still under arms that the
United States Is on the verge of a civil
war in their behalf, all resistance would be
at an end.
"Two nogro soldiers deserted our Army
and for a time served In the Insurgent
army. They were caught and hanged. It
would have been more of an act of Jus
tice had we hanged the people who signed
the recent petition to Congress .asking
that wo confer with the Philippine lead
ers In an effort to secure peace. In the
one case two ignorant men were executed,
while In the other case other people more
guilty than they. In full possession, of
their senses, were allowed to go free.
"Wo are Informed that Major Waller,
one of the bravest officers in the Navy, is
to be court-martialed because ho shot
some natives who stole the food from
his starving men. If that is true, I say
bully for Waller. I am glad he did it.
"The great mass of the natives In the
Philippines do not know what independ
ence is. Ninety-five per cent want to
be left alone and prefer to- be governed
by others than themselves.
"The case of Cuba has been held as an
example of what we could do in the far
East I believe my experience in thoe
Islands has given me an Insight Into tho
character of both peoples. There are 40
Cuban leaders who are thesuperiors of
any leader the Filipinos ever had. There
Is no comparison between the two. And I
am not lying awake, either, thinking cf
how I love the Cubans."
Tomorrow General Funston will be
shown the sights of Chicago and will
hold two receptions, one at the Press Club
and another at the Chicago Athletic Club.
Thursday morning ho will return to New
York.
TWO YEARS IS LONG- ENOUGH.
Hngrhes Says Troops Should Not
Serve Lonpcr in Philippines.
WASHINGTON, March 11. General
Hughes continued his testimony before
the Senate committee on the Philippines
today. In reply to a question by Sen
ator Patterson he said the death rate
among Spanish prisoners was far beyond
what It should have been. Investigation
proved that the prisoners were so debili
tated by reason ot their long stay In the
heat and by their military service that
they were unable to rally from any Ill
ness which attacked them. He said he
had urged the return of United States
troops to this country after two years'
service.
Senator Patterson called attention to the
"water cure" os used in the way of tor
ture, but General Hughes said It never
was practiced In his command. It was
tried In one case, he had learned, by the
Macabcbe scouts, who, however, had
promised not to repeat It.
Answering a question by Senator Lodge,
General Hughes said that Filipinos who
have come into personal contact with the
Americans either at stations or about
headquarters, and who have got away
from the domination of their presidentes
and officials, who may be against the
United States, have been entirely friend
ly. General Hughes said, that wherever he
went into action against the Filipinos he
felt as If he were fighting children and
that he never made an attack that he did
not regret It.
General Hughes described the policy of
concentration of the Filipinos pursued by
General Bell, and said It Is not Intended
as a matter of punishment "It Is to put
them out of harm's way. In part," said
he, "and to keep them out of mischief."
Tnft "DndcrKoes Snrjtlcal Operation.
CINCINNATI, March 11. William H.
Taft Governor of the Philippines, under
went a surgical operation today at the
Jewish Hospital In this city, as he has
contemplated ever since his consultation
with an expert In New York Immediate
ly after his return to this country. The
operation is not regarded as serious, and
It was successfully performed. The pa
tient Is reported as doing nicely. He
will be In the hospital perhaps three
wefeks.
CIVILIZED "WARFARE.
That Is All the Boer Envoys Sny They
Want.
WASHINGTON, March 11.-C. H. Wes
sels and A. D. W. Wollmarens, the Boer
delegates In this country, had a talk
with President Roosevelt today. In
the course of their Interview they stated
that they desired particularly to make
known to the President that they neither
asked for, desired nor expected Interven
tion on the part of this country or any
other country.
"A number of mistakes have been
printed about our mission to this country
since we came to Washington," said
Mr. Wessels, "and the worst one Is
that we are trying to get Intervention.
We know that this Is not possible and
ns a matter of fact we don't want it;
what we do want, however, and will
have laid before the American Govern
ment, Is a request that civilized war
fare be Inaugurated In South Africa."
That Is all we want now.
"We have not put before the author
ities any request that this or that
plan be adopted to insure the carrying
out of the rules of civilized warfare, but
we will leave that wholly to the Govern
ment to take whatever .steps it sees
fit. We want a fair and square fight.
We are confident that we will be able
to keep this war going for a number ot
years yet, and we think that all civil
ized nations, especially the United States,
are Interested in the proper rules of
warfare being carried out. We can point
out numerous Instances of foul work. It
Is particularly notlceablo that the Eng
lish press Itself comments on the prob
ability that General Methuen will be
given decent care and attention by the
Boers who captured him a few days ago.
Yet what did they do with General
Scheopers and a number of; others?
They killed Schcepers. That story from
England points to Its own-'moral and an
important one, too.
"President Kruger is not seeking Inter
vention In Europe, and all stories of
that kind may be denied whenever they
aro seen. The Boers have nothing to
lose and all to gain by keeping up this
fighting. They may call it guerrilla war
faro If they want, but it Is at least
humane warfare."
Arizona Miners Wallc Ont.
CONGRESS, Ariz., March It Three
hundred miners employed In the Congress
mine went out on strike today. The
strike resulted from the organization of a
local union.
RUSSIA IX MANCHURIA.
Japaaene Statesman Says the Czar's
Army Maot Be Withdrawn.
VICTORIA B. CMarch 11. Prince
Kenoye, president of the Japanese House
of Peers, recently gave the Japanese Ad
vertiser an Interview on the Manchurixn
question. As head of the National Union
League and founder of the Toyo, edited
weekly under the style of 'Nippon Shu-Ho.
he has taken a prominent part in all pro
tests against Russia's territorial plans on
Chinese soil.
"Japan will never consent to a Rus
sian Manchuria," said the Prince. "On
this point the government Is absolutely
determined. Nor should we hesitate to
take recourse to armed remonstrance,
were Russia to continue In her recent
seml-deflant attitude. We have the sym
pathy of both the United States and
Great Britain in the matter, and know
what we are doing. Japan has no objec
tion whatever to Russia's leasing Port Ar
thur. It would not In any way menace
our Interests.
"As for the Trans-Manchurlan Railway,
we regard Its construction with lively sat
isfaction. In that It will unquestionably
serve to open new fields for foreign In
dustrial and commercial undertakings.
But Russia would have to maintain troops
along the railway In order to keep It
from attack on the part of the natives."
"Would Japan object to Russian troops
In Manchuria for this purpose?"
"Not at all, whero the presence of such
troops Is necessitated, as Is the case with
the railroad. But Russia's great terri
torial army on Chinese soil must be with
drawn beyond the frontier, and that with
out further loss of time. That province
must be kept entirely under Chinese con
trol, not only because of lta mineral and
other wealth, but also as being the birth
place of the present Chinese dynasty.
Continued occupation of Manchuria by
any foreign power whatever would mean
tho downfall of the present dynasty and
subsequent revolution and anarchy. I am
convinced that the tenure of Manchuria
as a Chinese state Is positively necessary
to the maintenance and continuance of the
present Chinese Government."
"What is thought in Japan of the atti
tude taken by the United States In this
connection?"
"It is viewed with gratitude and respect.
The United States has, from the first, in
sisted on the open-door policy for all na
tions and a Russian Manchuria would be
directly opposed to such a policy. We
have Implicit confidence In America In
this matter, as in others, and are per
suaded that the United States will back
us up In the stand we have taken. The
United States is, we hold, the one abso
lutely unselfish and strictly just power.
We have had frequent proofs of tile, cor
rectness of this view."
MINNESOTA LEGISLATURE.
Tax Bills Passed at the Speclnl Ses
sion Ended Yesterday.
ST. PAUL. March lL The first special
session of the Minnesota "Legislature In 21
years, and the third special session In the
history of the state, adjourned at noon to
day, having been In session exactly five
weeks.
The session met February 4 to consider
tho tax code and constitutional amend-,
ments prepared ty tne Tax commission
provided for at the regular session one
year ago. The work of that commission,
however, was rejected, the bills submitted
being defeated as too radical In the
changes proposed. Within 24 hours of ad
journment other tax measures were
passed and provision "was made for the
submission of other constitutional nmend
jnents to a vote of the people. These
amendments allow the Legislature to Im
pose a general income tax in lieu of all
taxes on personal property. A tax not to
exceed 10 per cent per annum on the in
come from all credits In lieu of any other
tax on credits Is provided for, and also
an Income tax of not more than 4 per
cent on all salaries In excess of $10,000 a
year.
Three methods for the taxation of pub
lic service corporation are allowed by the
amendments a grost. earnings tax In lieu
of all other taxation; a gross earnings
tax In addition to the tax on real property,
and a franchise tax In addition to taxes
on real and personal property. Two Im
portant tax measures, to be effective un
der the present constitution, were passed
tho Inheritance tax bill and real estate
tax bill.
A bill introduced by Mr. Johnson, of
Hennepin County, and passed, provides
that tho Dubllc examiner shall pass on tho
accounts of the railroads doing business
In the state, and report whether theso
companies are paying the proper taxes.
Some attention was paid to the merger
of the Northern Pacific and Great North
ern reads, and the pum of $25,000 was ap
propriated to furnish the Attorney-General
with some sinews of war needed to
prosecute the fight. When it was learned
that under tho decision of the Supreme
Court the state had no standing in the
Federal Courts, the Legislature adopted a
memorial to Congress urging an amend
ment to the Judiciary act so as to give
the state ;he same standing as a citizen
In these courts.
The last bill to pass both houses was the
bill appropriating &X),O0O for a state ex
hibit at St Louis next year.
Tnklnp: Vote From Women.
FRANKFORT. Ky.. March 11. The
General Assembly today adopted and sent
the Governor for approval a bill taking
from the women of Kentucky the right to
vote in School Trustees elections. The
bill was Introduced by Mr. Blair, of Lex
ington. In that city at the last general
election the negro women controlled the
election.
SHAW URGED TO RETALIATE.
Germany Snlil to Pay a. Bounty on
Sngnr Exports.
WASHINGTON, March U.-SInce the an
nouncement that the Brussels Conference,
at which were represented all tho beet
sugar producing countries of Europe, had
decided to do away with all government
bounties on sugar Intended for export, the
sugar Interests of this country have
brought prominently to public notice the
cartel system In vogue In Germany, by
which It Is declared a bounty In addition
to that directly paid by the government
is given to the sugar exporter.
By this system sugar Is sold to the ex
porter at a less figure than It Is furnished
for domestic consumption, the purpose be
ing to keep the domestic price steady
and one yielding a fair profit, by selling
the surplus at a lower rate, which It Is
compelled to do In order to compete with
the sugars of other countries In the mar
kets of the world. The Brussels confer
ence recently decided that the effect of
the cartel system was a bounty on export
sugars.
Several gentlemen interested In this
question had a conference with Secretary
Shaw at the Treasury Department today
and urged him td Increase the present
countervailing duty on German sugars by
the bounty realized under the cartel sys
tem. The question of the propriety of
this action has received some attention of
late In Administration circles, but there Is
reason to believe that this Government
will take the view that while the, -cartel
system may "and probably does result In a
bounty to the exporter, It 13 not a bounty
paid by the German Government, and
hence does not come within the provision
of section 5 of the tariff act authorizing
the levying of countervailing duties on
articles on which an export has been paid.
The wording of the law. It Is said, is such
as not to warrant this Government in tak
ing any action In the premises.
"Sultan of Snln" n Success.
CHICAGO, March 11. "The Sultan of
Sulu," a new comic opera by George Ado
and Alfred G. Walthall, had Its first pro
duction at the Studebaker Theater, by
the Castle Square Opera Company. It was
clearly the judgment of the audience that
the production was a success.
ENT.
No British (Major-Generals were captured
yesterday. ,
Mr. Austin now has a chance for another
path'etlc dirge.
Yesterday was even more Spring-like
than Spring Itself.
An overcoatless March Is not the least
of modern blessings.
The war In the Transvaal is still in
process of being concluded.
The Milwaukee breweries are now busily
engaged In trylag to get even again1.
General Weyler ia bringing about peace
in Spain. The undertaker does the rest
The Kaiser may- be glad that there la
anything left of his brother to welcome
home.
Marconi's threat to telegraph around the
world without WIre3 makes Robin Good-'
fellow's boast look cheap.
Harvard has dispensed with her depart
ment of veterinary science. This seems
to be a horse on the horse.
The Indiana woman who fractured a rib
while laughing at a conic opera must
have been acting as an vsher.
Uncle Sam. -will now hav to get excited
about the coronation. He is getting too
strenuous to find plain democracy enter
taining. Let us- hope that Dowet doesn't report
Delarry's victory as having, een accom
plished by "the force under my com
mand." Secretary Moody will save htnself a lot
of trouble If. In the event of another war,
he ties all the Admirals up to the docks
and lets the Captains fight the battles.
Lay away the dachshund.
And shelve the foaming stein.
Remove the flaunting banners
That waved a "Komnv herein!."
No sauerkraut for dinner.
We'll eat roast beef today; :
Once more old Samuel Is himself;
Prince Henry's gone aeway.
An English university man, whe has
been visiting Washington, was Invited to
supper one night with a party of men
who, with one exception, are graduate of
the most noted of American colleges. The
one exception was the host, a man who is
always delightfully frank about all the In
cidents of his career. The talk turned on
colleges, and every man declared his alma
.mater. "And you," said the Englishman,
turning to his host, "you are a college
man, too, I presume?" "Oh, -es. Indeed,
answered the host, "I was graduated at
an Institution which has turned out more
men than any other In the country Dr.
Keeley's famous university at Dwight, In
Illinois. You must be sure to visit it while
you arc In the West." And the English
man responded earnestly: "Indeed, I shall
take great pleasure In doing so."
A distinguished Senator of the United
States wont to Atlantic City a week or
so aeo for a few days' stay, relates a
Washington correspondent. He took a
room at one of the American-plan hotels,
agreeing to pay $8 a day for his meals
and room. The next morning after he ar
rived he was seized with an attack of
rheumatic gout. The doctor he called told
him he must eat nothing but bread and
milk. . Ha stayed at the hotel for five days
and ate bread and milk thtee times a day,
touching nothing on the elaborate menus.
On the sixth day he sent tor his bill. This
is the way It came: "To room and board,
five days, at 5S, $40. To 15 dishes bread
and mute, at 23 cents, $3 7a." "But," ex
postulated the Senator, "I ate none of the
meals. You shouldn't charge me for the
bread and milk." The clerk silently point
ed to the line, "Dishes not on the bill of
fare are charged extra," and the Senator
Bays he will make It cost them $1000 by
the time he has told all his friends to keep
away.
George Walter Metllnger, of Cleveland,
O., Is the author of the following powerful
lyric, which Is published, together with 20
others, by Charles H. Meigs:
AFTERWHILE.
'Twas' one day In early June
I stroll'd with my bride to bo
And ask her to wed me soon,
And she answer'd "Afterwhlle." ,
CHORUS.
Afterwhlle. oh, yes; afterwhlle.
After the roses are In bloom
And she gets the new "Spring- style,"
Then I'll be a happy groom. f
'Twas one day a year after '
(My love she did not decry),
I chose again to ask her,
But was met with "Afterwhlle."
Chorus Afterwhlle, etc.
With a sad and lonely heart
Three years alone I left her Jik
To wrestle with Cupid'?, dari.Ag,
But 'twas tho samo vAfterwhHe."
Chorus Afterwhlle, etc.
This Is the reason you know
Why I chose a bachelor life
And oft do sing in woe
The old strain of "Afterwhlle."
Chorus Afterwhlle, etc.
Illinois Eny at Charleston.
CHARLESTON S. C, March 1L Illi
nois clay was observed at the Interstate
and West Indian Exposition today, and a
state building was dedicated to Illinois
by Governor Yates and a delegation from
that state. Governor Yates, In his ad
dress, said it could not be denied that the
war between the states had left an ugly
wound, but the hand of brotherly love
could be so placed as absolutely to con
ceal the scar.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPIIERS
Impossible. Brown Do you think one's a
clever girl?" Smith Um-ra! Rather toa good
looking, don't you think? Detroit Free Press.
She How many men ow their success In
life to their wives. "Yes. And how many
more men owe their wives to their success
In life." Life.
A Disappointment. Shopper I want a shoe
that is both comfortable and etyllsh. ' Sales
manVery sorry, madam, but the age cf
miracles Is past. Judge.
Grandma Sakes alive, child! Don't tell me
you are chewing gum! "Willie No. I ain't.
Grandma That's a good boy. I'm proud ot
you! "Willie It's tobacco. Chicago Dally
News.
Jack's Point of View. "But. my dear, don't
you know that opals are awfully .unlucky?"
""Well. Jack priced a lot of different stones,
and he says they're only about a fifth as
unlucky as diamonds." Brooklyn Life.
Just a Hint. Stlnjay (playing host) Well,
old man. what do you think of that wine?
Sharpe (laying down his small glas3) Tho
pample tasted so good I wouldn't mind hav
ing a drink of It. Philadelphia Press. ,
Point of View. New England Statesman
Wasn't that a mortifying scene In the Senate
chamber. Statesman from the Breezy West
Mortifying? It was disgusting. It was
stopped before we could tell which one was
the best man! Chicago Tribune.
A Little 'Mixed. "What do you think of this
Shakespeare-Bacon controversy?" "Well,"
answered the man who Is not much of a
book reader. "I think they both deserve a
great deal of credit for not putting the public
to the expense of a. court of Inquiry." Wash
ington Star.
KOTE'AKD C0MM