THE MOENING .OBEGOKIAN, PRIDAY, MARCH 7,. 1902.
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TOPAT'S WEATHER Cool local rains; high
southwesterly winds, diminishing during the
Afternoon.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature. 01; minimum temperature, 39; pre
cipitation, 0.45 inch.
PORTLAXD, FRIDAY, MARCH 7. 1002.
THE STRKVGTH OF THE WEST.
In the course of a talk before the
Business Men's League at Chicago last
week Secretary Shaw summed up with
admirable brevity and force the ma
terial facts which" go to illustrate the
strength of the "West He pointed out
that the states formed of the old North
west Territory and the territory an
nexed after 1803 are pre-eminently the
great wealth-producers of the Nation.
The "West, which had no commercial or
political standing a hundred years ago,
now produces 99 per cent of the gold,
silver and copper output of the United
States, 75 per cent of the Iron, 75 per
cent of the cereals, 65 per cent of the
swine, 75 per cent of the sheep, 50 per
cent of the milch cows, and 60 per cent
of all other cattle. This Is the raw ma
terial, but Minneapolis alone manufac
tures 16,000,000 barrels of flour per an
num, and Elgin 3,000,000 pounds of but
ter. Chicago sends eastward over her
railroads 150 tons of provisions every
hour, and the "West sends" forward by
lake 150,000,000 bushels of grain every
year. The Detroit river floats four
times as much tonnage as the Suez
Carnal, representing in number of ves
sels a commerce equal to that of -London.
Liverpool and New York combined.
In a single year the states carved out
of the Louisiana .Purchase produce
grain to the value of $344,961,193, and
the people who inhabit them hold real
and personal property to the value of
$8,500,000,000.
This is a prodigious showing, truly;
but it does not ehow the whole story of
the strength of the "West, for Its very
highest element, the spirit of. the West
ern people, is an asset which cannot be
declared in figures. The material facts of
the West are vastly imposing, and noth
ing could be plainer than the story they
tell of courage, energy, the will to do
and the skill to do. But the West has
oomething more than this, namely, the
force which comes from the spirit of
universal aspiration and hopefulness.
(All that is best and most hopeful in
American life and character Is In and of
the West. Whoever will study those
phases of the life of the West which lie
apart from materialities will find much
to please if not to surprise him. The
vital strength of the people, their ro
bust patriotism, their universal ambi
tion for education in its liberal as well
as its practical forms, the eagerness of
the youth of both sexes for culture of
the higher sort these things- to the
mind of every careful observer are as
significant of the strength of the West
as the colossal figures which measure
its industrial and productive achieve
ments. There is a school of criticism, mainly
regardful of conventional forms, which
affects to sneer at the West It is a
school which draws its mood and its
standards from the life and forms of
the older world. Its character is a
product of imitation rather than of orig
inal or native development; and its
spirit is that of conformity rather than
that of a eelf-respectlng independence.
It has no sympathy with the hopeful
ness and the enthusiasm of the West.
It has no experience by which it can
understand and interpret the free and
Independent habit of thought in the
West, no largeness of mind by which it
may recognize force as distinct from
mere formalism. It shrugs its shoul
ders at the earnestness of the West; it
smiles at its patriotic optimism, and
In a multitude of ways It manifests
Its contempt for the traits which rest
upon these things and for the social
frankness which grows out of them.
It has not the wit to see that the most
wholesome forces of American life and
the American system the forces which
have made the fortune of the country
and which command for' it the world's
consideration find the springs of their
life in the West
There is, Indeed, a sort and a very
manifest and impressive sort of great
ness in the materialities so graphically
presented in Secretary Shaw's address
to the Chicago merchants, but if this
were all that the West could boast it
would be pitiful enough. Savagery,
slavery and tyranny may have their
material achievements and triumphs.
It is not wholly by much corn, by many
cattle, by tons-weight of Iron or
pounds-weight of gold that the strength
of a country is manifest. For when all
is told, what significance attaches to the
expansion of industry, to the growth
of towns, to the multiplication of com
modities, If with theee things there be
no moral and mental progress? By the
last test as by the first, the great "West
proves Its strength.
THE DEMAND FOR LAXD.
In Oregon last year there were orig
inal homestead entries for 644,166 acres
of public land. In but three other
AAn 1 TTlnn VTAaA AntflAO fftf
" e "J""" ""c . .
more land made in North Dakota
1,199,115 acres, in Washington 764,712
acres, and in Nebraska 656,906 acres.
Oklahoma Territory beat every record
with applications for 1,743,723 acres, but
the reason for this is well known. The
Oregon increase over the previous year
was about 50 per cent, Washington
about 0 per cent, Oklahoma about 35
per cent. Nebraska's increase was a
little more than 60 per cent, but North
Dakota actually fell off about 750,000
acres. In Idaho, 341,376 acres were en
tered, being an increase of nearly 18 per
cent, and in California the entries were
278,514 acres, or less than 10 per cent
more than those of the previous year.
The homestead entries for the whole
United States last year were for 9,497,275
acres, and the year before 8,478,409
acres. In 1891 the area homesteaded
was 5,040,393 acres.
The demand for Government land in
creases as the available area dimin
ishes, and the flood of homestead appli
cations speaks of the eagerness of the
people to acquire la"nd suitable for
homes. Oregon and Washington make
a notable showing in this regard. In
1S97 but 164.0ES acres of Oregon land
was entered for homesteads, and 212.0S4
acres In Washington. In no other state
or territory has the advance been so
great since -that time. It means an in
crease of home-building by American
citizens for none other can take
homesteads and the land office figures
since the close of the last fiscal year
show no sign of abatement in the de
mand for homesteads.
More land was taken for other pur
poses than homes at least by other
methods than homestead than was
entered for homesteads, but this does
not bear Immediately upon the occu
pation of the wild areas of the state.
The Government disposed of 995,663
acres in Oregon, 989,233 acres in Wash
ington, and 885,422 acres in Idaho, not
counting withdrawals for railroad se
lections. By far the larger part of this
was timber land, and was taken under
the timber and stone act. This means
a lively lumber Industry in the years
to come, and it is important to the state.
These figures bring two facts promi
nently forward the land hunger of thp
people Is Increasing, and the movement
for new land is distinctly to the Pacific
Northwest. Though abuses of the land
laws sometimes occur, it may well be
believed that the rush for homesteads
is a powerful factor in opening the
country, and that the general effect Is
good. The wilderness may be charming
to the mountaineer or poet, but it Is of
small value to the state, and rational
methods of opening the country to set
tlement and productivity will bring
great benefit to the commonwealth. It
is easy to sit by a city fireside and
question the motives of land applicants,
but he who settles on a backwoods
claim and compiles with the law to get
title is not overpaid, no matter how
valuable his claim may prove to be.
Homesteaders are of the stuff
thatH3
gives character to a country they make
it self-reliant and independent
These states of the new Northwest
are increasing rapidly in all the ele
ments of commercial and social prog
ress. We have so long been accustomed
to doubting our own advancement that
it is refreshing torun across these un
impeachable evidences of materia,
growth. The merits of this country are
becoming known abroad, and people are
coming here to better their condition
and augment the glory of the common
wealth. A RETURN TO FIRST PRINCIPLES.
Let those who think and sorrow over
the thought that we, as a Nation and
as individuals, have forsaken the
straight and narrow path which our
forefathers trod, take courage. Evi
dence to the contrary is accumulating.
But now a magistrate in a New Jersey
Police Court ordered six boys, who had
committed a depredation upon property
and who were too young to be sent to
jail without scandal, to be soundly
spanked in open court by two stalwart
policemen, who performed the task
thoroughly; and now comes the state
ment that a jury in HopTtinsville, Ky.,
recently held a season of prayer after
retiring to deliberate upon the evidence
adduced, before venturing to ballot
upon the verdict. A life was in tne bal
ance, and, after solemn and prayerful
deliberation, the criminal was sentenced
to eighteen years' confinement in the
penitentiary. Let us take heart of grace.
The old-fashioned Ideas and practices
upon which the fathers of the Republic
were brought up are being revived.
Perhaps the "ducking stool" will yet
return to its mission of eliminating
from the community the common scold,
or mayhap the boy be brought to pen
ance for spitting about, the house sure
precursors of the street-spitting habit
which has become almost a National
sin. With spanking as punishment for
juvenile offenders, and prayerful jurors
anxious to discharge a sacred duty
with Justice to all concerned, who shall
doubt that the strong pap upon which
the forefathers were brought up, and
which they fn turn provided 'for
the moral sustenance of their children,
is again being brewed?
POLITICAL ABSURDITY AFIELD.
The socialistic element in the state is
somewhat more noisy this Spring than
it has been heretofore, having already
come forward in. several counties with
conventions, nominations and resolu
tions in which its peculiar ideas on
governmental matters are duly set
forth. This does not necessarily Imply
that socialists are more numerous
than In some former years, but rather
that, emboldened by conditions that
seem- to favor an expression of their
doctrines, they have spoken out
through political channels that are open
alike to the crank, the reformer, the
political economist and a wide interme
diary made up of place-seekers and
vote-getters.
Combinations of wealth, exploited by
financiers and dominated to a greater or
less extent by greed, which is at once
the Incentive and outgrowth of unlim
lted power, have furnished this handful
of malcontents calling themselves So
cialists with a suitable text for a wild
sermon on Governmental ownership of
property, including "trusts." These
last it disposes of with a grand sweep
of the platform pencil, saying: 'The
remedy is for the Government to take
peaceful possession of the trusts and
run them in the interest of the people."
J There is, of course, no argument with
which a proposition of this kind can be
met. Its very absurdity nuts It outside
the pale of common consideration and i
leaves it there. The same may be said
of the further declaration of the Marion
County Socialistic platform that "as
labor produces all the wealth, we are
in favor of the laborer possessing all
the wealth which he produces by his
OWn labor " Lnhni- Viv thlc rioolnfotlrm
,..., 1. -
v.4 hi bu iur ujj ims ueciarauon reacnes,
Is shorn of all consistency, all dignity,
all equity, and poses under It with bare
handed arrogance and ludicrous as
sumption of power. When men with
out experience In the larger affairs of
life assume the role of directors of In
dustry and dictators of Governmental
policy, they may naturally be expected
to make absurd statements of their
views. But really, in this Instance they
have gone so far as to cause some ques
tion as to how far political absurdity
can go and still boldly appear before
the public asking Indorsement at the
polls.
THE PRIMARY ELECTION
MOVE-
31ENT.
It is generally conceded today, after
trial, that the Australian ballot sys
tem affords the best method yet devised
of voting at popular elections. It has
been adopted In modified forms by all
states of our Union save two. On the
original reform ballot used In Australia
the names of the candidates are printed
withqut any party designation what
ever; nominations being made by peti
tion without Intervention of caucus or
convention. Two states have refused to
adopt the Australian ballot reform,
namely. South Carolina and Texas, and
only four states have adopted the Aus
tralian ballot system in its original non
partisan form, namely, Alabama, Flor
ida, Mississippi and Virginia. In Ala
bama, Florida and Mississippi, while
the names of the candidates are printed
on the ballots without party des
ignation, the American method of nom
inating candidates by partisan cau
cuses, conventions and primaries is fol
lowed, but In Virginia we have the Aus
tralian method pure and simple.
The advanced primary election, by
secret ballot, is practically a recurrence
to the original Australian ballot, which
is non-partisan. The subject of the prK
mary election movement is discussed at
length in the current number of the
Forum by Albert Watkins, an old Dem
ocratic editor who left the Democratic
party on the silver issue in 1896. Mr.
Watkins welcomes the direct primary
nominating system as a remedy for the
evils of the caucus and convention sys
tem. The Minnesota primary election
law is the best that has been adopted
by any of the states. It is compul
sory; it is general, applying to the nom
ination of county, municipal and judi
cial officers, and to members of the
lower house of Congress; the elections
for all parties are held simultaneously,
as in the case of general elections, and
the primary election day Is also the
first day for the registration of voters
for the regular election. The law orig
inally provided that each voter should
receive ballots of all parties represent
ed at the election; but he was permitted
to mark but one, while he returned all
the ballots he had received. But the
law has been amended so that the voter
now compelled-to call for the party
ticket he wishes to vote, thus doing
away with secrecy. The elections are
held on the same day for all parties, to
prevent repeating; the registration feat
ure of the law is convenient to voters,
and increases attendance at the pri
maries. It is economical, because the
registration officers act as primary elec
tion officers. The La Follette faction of
Wisconsin Republicans were defeated
last Winter in their attempt to enact
this Minnesota law.
Nebraska, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Geor
gia, Kentucky, Mississippi, South Caro
lina have primary election laws, but
they are not compulsory. They per
mit the state and county party commit
tees to decide whether they shall be put
in operation. Primary elections are not
required In these states to be held by
the different parties on the same day,
and In some cases primaries elect dele
gates to nominating conventions In
stead of choosing the candidates direct
ly. Governor La Follette, of Wiscon
sin, advocated a comprehensive pri
mary law three years before his nomi
nation, and the convention which nomi
nated him declared for it, but Its enact
ment was bitterly opposed and finally
defeated. The professional politician
and mossbacked. corroded and corro
sive partisan of course fights primary
reforrn, which he knows Is intended to
destroy the dominance of the party
boss and obliterate the whole tribe of
party parasites and papsuckers. The
Federal office-holders were all conspic
uous for their pernicious activity in op
position to primary election measures in
Minnesota, Wisconsin and other states.
They were sharp enough to see that the
primary election law would destroy the
party machine. In every state the en
gineers of the party machine have been
combined against 'the primary reform.
The free use of the secret ballot at the
primaries makes the construction of a
political machine impracticable, and too
expensive.
The practical working value of the
Minnesota primary law is attested by
the fact that the work of making nomi
nations for a general election in Hen
nepin County, virtually the City of
Minneapolis, that had been done dur
ing two months by fourteen caucuses
and thirty-seven conventions, was ac
complished under the primary system
in a single day; and the registry on
primary day answered also for the gen
eral elections. The strongest argument
in favor of the general adoption of trial
of the primary election system is stated
by Mr. Watkins to be the fact that It
substitutes the political dominance of
of the intelligent working or producing
classes for the corrupting professional
politicians and the corruptible class of
yotera This highest class of electors
can only be drawn to the primary polls
by a secret and otherwise untrammeled,
primary election system.
The best proof that a compulsory pri
mary law like that of Minnesota makes
for political reform is the fact that the
professional political boss opposes Us
enactment and is striving today In Min
nesota insidiously to dismantle it
To be "a eon of his father" counts
for something in this democratic coun
try of ours. Witness the recent Presi
dential appointment for cadetship to
the Naval Academy. Ralph Earle
Sampson, son of Rear Admiral Samp
eon; Woodward Philip, son of the
late Rear-Admlcal Philip; O. S. How
ard, son of Major-General Howard, U.
S. A-r and Penley Morgan , Taylor, son
of Rear-Admiral Henry C. Taylor. The
first of these appointees is principal,
the others alternates, in the ordet
named. There should be good fighting
stuff in these lads, and the country can
only wish that this will be brought out,
developed and stored for use, and, upon
occasion, that they wilf be found as
ready for action and as efficient In re
sults as were their sires before them.
ASGTHER LIJfCOLX INCIDENT.
The "old Lincoln letter" printed by
The Oregonlan yesterday is not a new
find; it has been repeatedly printed be
fore, but The Oregonlan has been placed
In possession of a story of Lincoln that
is not so well known. In 1S61 flvo broth
ers of the name of Cummlngs enlisted
In the ranks of Company D, Fifth Ver
mont Volunteers. At the battle of Sav
age Station, Va., fought June 29, 1S52,
four of the Cummlngs brothers were
killed, the company losing that day
forty-four killed and wounded out of a
total of fifty-nine officers and men.
President Lincoln learned that the
mother of these soldiers was a widow,
and by his direction Secretary Stanton
discharged the surviving brother from
the Army, saying; "The President of
the United States thinks your mother
has suffered enough for the country in
the death of four sons; she Is fairly
entitled to the surviving boy; he sends
you home, therefore, to your mother,
whose need of you In her hour of extra
ordinary bereavement Is greater than
that of the country." The above is
not the exact language used by Secre
tary Stanton, but it correctly expresees
its substance and spirit. The striking i
thing in this letter is not so much its
humanity a3 Its sense of justice. It was
because the surviving soldier was a
widow's only son and her sole support
that Lincoln thoughtfully Insisted on
his discharge. And yet, as late a3
March, 1863, Richard H. Dana, a famous
i Boston lawyer, wrote of Lincoln to
unaries Francis Adams: "tie nues
rather to talk and tell stories than to
give his mind to the noble and manly
duties of his post. He has no admirers;
he is an unutterable calamity where
he Is." As late as May, 1864, this Harvard-bred,
blue-blooded Boston lawyer
expressed the same opinion of Lincoln
as a man who excited compassion when
he did not provoke contempt. Poor
Dana, who wrote "Two Tears Before
the Mast," held this opinion in May,
1864, of Lincoln, who f was already
known as the author of the emancipa
tion proclamation, and of "the Gettys
burg speech," and whose first Inaugural
had already become an American clas
sic In Multnomah County the primary
election, to be held March 15, will be
the Important political event of the year.
This primary, to be held under direc
tion and control of the law of the state,
is a new feature in our politics. It
makes it possible, for the first time,
to hold a primary election in which all
may cast their votes and have them
counted. Now for the first time it will
be worth while to attend a primary;
and everybody should -attend. It will
be a primary election for each and
every party, protected by law; and the
voter may select his ticket and vote as
he pleases, as at an ordinary or gen
eral election. As soon as the tickets
are filed The Oregonlan will obtain and
publish them, showing exactly what
each ticket stands for, and what the
citizen who votes is casting his vote for.
This explanation will be made fully,
before the primary, in which every
citizen ought to be prepared to partici
pate. The way to prepare Is to regis
ter." For this but one week remains.
Don't wait, or you may be shut out.
Register Moores displays a commend
able spirit in the matter of those Tilla
mook timber land cases. It is silly to
suppose that public officials must be
deaf and blind to everything but formal
documents before them. When circum
stances make It appear clear that the
public domain Is being taken through
illegal methods, it is the undoubted
right and duty of land officials to direct
an independent inquiry into the matter,
not leaving it to applicant and contest
ant to arrange terms by which they
shall divide the results of their collu
sive operations. Enough has been de
veloped largely through the uncontra
dicted letters of the persons who are al
leged to be most active in the transac
tion, to taint the affair with strong sus
picion. Now the move through the
State Land Office comes as a cir
cumstance in a measure confirma
tory of the theory of fraudulent
collusion. Such transactions should re
ceive the discouragement of prompt
and vigorous official action. No harm
can come from this course if everybody
has been honest.
It is known, of course, that the basis
of Mr. Simon's support in Multnomah
County is the "official push." All the
"active work in his behalf comes from
that quarter. Yet of course the mem
bers of the "push" are as earnest in
taking care of themselves as of him.
Indeed, their support of him is mainly
a method of securing for themselves
continuation in the places they hold.
If the Simon effort should win in the
primaries, the result would be simply
another cut-and-drled affair, of the fa
miliar kind. In the ticket presented for
the general election. There are those
who think that the public interests
would not suffer by variation at this
time from that old and familiar pro
gramme. Good citizens have been heard
to say that they are tired of It. Yet
of course the members of "the old
push" think that any change in the
control of the affairs of county and city
would be disastrous to the publlo in
terests. There Is call for another $200,000 for
the Lewis and Clark celebration. This
additional capital can be filled promptly
and easily, for Portland and Oregon are
In the mood for doing things these days.
They have passed the stage of merely
benevolent contemplation for these im
portant public movements. Ability and
determination to do for ourselves, each
a little more than his share, has al
ready been displayed in Portland. This
spirit will not permit the Lewis and
Clark fund to lag. And it will not per
mit Portland to lag.
It is a happy Idea of Commissioner
Dosch to get a royal chlnook salmon
from the Columbia River and prunes
from the Willamette Valley for the
President's banquet at Charleston. It
ought to be done. It will be a mark of
good will to President Roosevelt and
Charleston, and it will Increase the
fame of Oregon.
Body Drifts Ashore.
VICTORIA, B. C, March 6. Officers of
the steamer Boscowltz, -Khjch arrived
from the North this afternoon says In
dians reported that a body with a life
preserver on it had drifted ashore near
Tongas. It may be the body of one of
those lost in the Bristol disaster.
M00RES REPLIES TO HAYS.
Says Hays Statement In All Essen
tial Parts Is False.
OREGON CITY, Or.. March 6. (To the
Editor.) Your issue of this morning con
tains a criticism of the local land office
by one Charles E. Hays, who appears In
said office as a contestant in SS -cases, in
volving nearly 15,000 acres of timber land.
It would be manifestly improper for me,
as an official, to enter Into a controversy
In the newspapers over the merits of his
contests. Such statements as have ap
peared In tho columns of The Oregonlan
relative to the Hays cases have come from
your local correspondent, and have been
taken from records and files that are In a
general sense public property. For more
than two years past' Hays has been mous
ing about this office In his capacity as a
litigant. During that time he has been
extended every possible courtesy. The of
ficials and clerks in this office have gone
to such extremes in submitting to his
performances that we have greatly incon
venienced ourselves, and his dilatory
methods have resulted In so congesting
our contest dockets that other litigants
ha-e been compelled to wait for months
for u. hearing. We stand ready now to
extend to him. as a litigant, every right
and every courtesy that the law will per
mit. As an individual he is entitled to no con
sideration, and he cannot as such claim
the Immunity of a litigant. His cowardly
thrust In his letter at the contest clerk In
this office does not bear In the remotest
way upon the merits of his contests. It
was the act of a sneak, but it was an act
thoroughly characteristic of the man. The
appointment of the, contest clerk referred
to was not made at my suggestion. It is
proper to say. however, that her work
has always been thoroughly well done,
ajid Hays himself has expressed his satis
faction with the way her work was done.
For more than ayear i'he has acted In
that capacity, and during that time her
compensation has averaged less than $40
oer month. In the Hays cases she has
reported several hundred pages of testi
mony, besides preparing numerous official
papers relating to the cases. In the IS
cases In which she reported the testimony
her compensation amounted to just $20 in
ach case, and It simply Is the truth to
ay that the work involved in the Hays
cases during the past year has requirefl
more of the time and attention of this
office than all the others combined.
In the whole statement made, by Hays
there is not a single essential statement
that Is not absolutely false. This office
has agreed to permit the curtailing of
testimony in every way the law would
allow, and the profit that would accrue to
the contestant in a half dozen of his con
tests In case of a successful issue would
probably pay every cent of his expense in
prosecuting tho whole SS cases.
His suggestion that there Is a stipula
tion covering these cases is-a bold pre
tense that shows the desperate effrontery
of the man. Now, his statement or mine
in regard to all theso matters Is .fals.
Any one who desires to do so can" con
sult all the records and files of this office
to determine whose statement is truo and
whose is false.
CHARLES B. MOORES.
FUNERAL OF LIEUTENANT ALLEN.
Military Honors raid Late Officer at
Vancouver Barrnclcs.
VANCOUVER BARRACKS, Wash.,
March 6. The funeral of the late Lieu
tenant Ernest E. Allen took place today
with military honors at his home at Van
couver (Barracks at 12 o'clock. The serv
ice was read by Rev. Mr. Todd and tho
choir sang two hymns-. The honorary pall
bearers were: Captain Hawthorne, Cap
tain Richardson, Captain Bethel, Lieu
tenant Cochran, Lieutenant Fenner and
Lieutenant Andrews. During the funeral
ceremony the Eighth Battery, to which
Allen belonged, mounted, wltn guns and
gun carriages, stood at attention. Beside
tho Eighth Battery was the Twenty
sixth Battery, and two companies of the
Seventh Infantry. Tho Eighth Battery
wlth the band led the procession, fol
lowed by tho caisson with the casket,
which was covered with an American
flag, the pallbearers, the Twenty-sixth
Battery and the Seventh Infantry, As
tho steamer Undine, bearing the remains,
slowly steamed from the dock, a salute
of six guns was fired, followed by taps.
Lieutenant H. B. Mitchell will accompany
tho casket to St. Louis, where It will be
Interred.
DEATH OF PIONEER ASSAYER.
Helped to Coin First Authorized
Money Made at Snn Francisco.
ASHLAND, Or., March 6. George W.
Dorwin, for 50 years actively engaged in
mining and assaying on the Pacific Coast,
died in Ashland this morning, after a
short illness, aged 70 years. Mr. Dorwin
came to California in 1850, and helped to
coin the first authorized money made In
San Francisco. He was employed for a
time in Portland as assayer, and for two
years had held the position of assayer for
the Montreal & Oregon Gold Mines, in
this city. He was prominent In mining
affairs on the Comstock in the 60s.
Oregon Pioneer of 1882.
THE DALLES. March 6. Mrs. Julia A.
Walker, relict of the lato R. H. Walker,
an old resident of this city, died last
night at the residence of her son-in-law,
S. S. Johns, after a four days' illness from
pneumonia. She was a native of Michi
gan. She crossed the plains to Oregon in
1852, and had resided at Tho Dalles for
the past 20 years. Mrs. Walker was 72
years of age, and left five children Mrs.
Minnie Bennett, of McMlnnville; Clar
ence Garrison, of Warren; Orvllle Garri
son, of Scappoosc; Mrs. Maud Irvine, of
Antelope, and Zephtha Walker, of Houl
ton. SOCIALISTS IX ERROR.
County JndRC Says Substitute Will
Not Get Expert's Pay.
SALEM, March 6. At the Socialist con
vention, held here yesterday, It was stated
that the experts who are investigating the
county books hired a substitute at $2 50
per day, but will collect ?5 per day for his
services. County Judge Scott said today
that the statement is incorrect. Ho says
the experts will receive not to exceed ?5
per day each for their own time, and for
the substitute only such sum. as is paid to
the substitute. The compensation of the
experts la to be fixed by three citizens' of
the county, but cannot exceed 55 per day
each.
Messrs. Clark and Buchanan, the ex
perts, are now in Eastern Oregon, and are
expected to return in about 10 days, to
take up the work of Investigating tno
County Clerk's books.
Notable DoTvn-ToTrn Improvement.
The two-story brick building on the
northeast corner of State and Commercial
streets is to be remodeled, and work has
just been commenced. The building has
been known for years as the Western. Sa
loon corner. It Is an old-fashioned struc
ture, but occupies a very advantageous
position. It is owned by Banker Hlrsh
borg, of Independence. It Is understood
that the south wall, 6n State street, will
be removed, and a glass front bulft in.
This improvement, with the new brick
building to be erected two doors east, by
George Bayne, will give the north side of
State street a much more businesslike ap
pearance. McBrlde's First Pardon.
OLYMPIA, March 6. Governor McBrlde
yesterday afternoon issued his first
pardon, when he ordered tho release of
Allen James from Thurston County jail.
James was sentenced last fall to nine
months in' Jail for disposing of a horse
which was the property of another, and
he had four months yet to serve. The
pardon was issued because of the fact
that James' health is breaking down, and
for the further reason that the Thurston
County jail' is in bad sanitary condition.
PACIFICATION OF LDZQN.
Acting Governor Wr!at Report a
to Recent "Reverses."
WASHINGTON, March 6. Governor
Taft has received the following cable dis
patch from Acting Governor Wright, of
the Philippines, in response to inquiries as
to recent reported military reverses:
"The facts are: Bell's operations in
Laguna drove a band of Insurgents into
Morong. about 25 miles from Manila in
an air line. Small bands of ladrones.
driven from Cavite by the constabulary,
joined them. Twenty-live constabularies,
under a native Sergeant, attacked them,
but on account of having only 15 rounds
of ammunition each, soon exhausted it,
and were forced to retire without loss.
Assistant Chief Atkinson, of the constab
ulary, with reinforcements. Immediately
took charge and drove the band, with
loss to the latter. Into Laguna, the Inhab
itants of RIsal Province giving informa
tion and assisting us as much as possible,
Flories (Governor of the Province), with
the municipal police, joining in pursuit.
There are not 300 members In the bands of
insurgents and ladrones in the entiro Lu
zon Island today. This number was re
duced early by surrenders," captures or
casualties. The constabulary, with the aid
of Trias (Governor of Cavite), and the
native police, during the last two weeks
have routed ladrone bands existing In
Cavite for many years, capturing and re
ceiving by surrender over 100 arms. The
most important feature is the sentiment
among the inhabitants hostile to the lad
rones and Insurgents. All other organized
provinces are quiet. The situation has not
been so good since American occupation.
and is very encouraging, notwithstanding
persistent attempts to create a contrary
Impression."
Governor Taft presented tho dispatch to
the House insular committee today,, when
questioned on the reported reverses.
Governor Taft was questioned as to tho
"social evil" in the islands, and in reply
gave in detail the efforts made to check
Immorality. He declared that none of the
health measures adopted had given official
recognition to disorderly business. A fair
Investigation, he said, would show that
Manila was as moral as any city in the
United States.
Governor Taft was asked as to the de
sirability of a Pacific cable. He said such
a cable would prove a strong bond between
the Islands and the United States, and
would serve a great business need. Al
though he had not examined the merits of
the various plans, he was inclined to favor
a Government cable, but he said above all
was the need of a cable of some kind,
without reference to the manner of its
establishment. The hearing today closed
Governor Taft's extended statements.
Governor Taft, having concluded his
testimony before the Congressional com
mittee, left he're this afternoon for a visit
to his home In Cincinnati. While there
he will undergo an operation for the ail
ment which compelled his return home
from the Philippines. His health has very
much improved since his return to this
country.
ATTITUDE OF THE FILIPINOS.
General Hughes Continues His Testi
mony Before Senate Committee.
WASHINGTON, March 6. General
Hughes gave further testimony before the
Senate Philippine committee today. Mr.
Patterson resumed his questioning, which
yesterday led to a sharp colloquy in the
committee-room between the witness and
himself. In an endeavor to establish the
fact that the Filipino army had effectively
held tho Spanish army within its lines in
Manila previous to the arrival of the
American forces, Mr. Patterson referred
to the surrender of 2000 Spanish troops to
the lnsurrectory force in July, 1S98. Gen
eral Hughes said the Incident would only
make him believe that the Flllplnoa had
cut off the supplies from the interior.
"Senator Patterson quoted from a maga
zine article written by General Merritt,
published in July, lS09..in which he spoke
of the army under Agulnaldo, which, he
said, had been an Important factor in the
situation which confronted the United
States Army, and which had waged a des
ultory warfare against the Spanish, re
sulting in the capture of 4000 prisoners.
"Dote that magnify your opinion?"
asked Mr. Patterson.
"Not at all," said General Hughes, who
followed his answer with the question:
"Does he state that these prisoners were
soldiers?"
"I presume he means soldiers," was Sen
ator Patterson's .respopse.
It was brought out that most of the
prisoners taken by the Filipinos were not
Spanish troops.
Senator Patterson again inquired as to
the motive of General Otis in requiring
the withdrawal of Agulnaldo's troops from
Manila to the line designated by General
Merritt. Senator Beveridge objected, say
ing it was not fair to ask Geenral Hughes
what General Otis meant.
Senator Carraack and Senator Culberson
claimed the right to ask the question.
In answer to a further question by Sen
ator Patterson as to whether the Filipinos
would accept Independence unless accompanied-
by a protectorate by the United
States. General Hwghes said that at a
conference held between him and repre
sentatives of the insurgent army in Manila
they would not commit themselves to a
proposition of a protectorate by the
United States. They first wanted inde
pendence, he said, and after that they
would arrange for the protectorate, Amer
ica being considered along with the othei
powers. The peace and good-will. General
Hughes declared, which existed In the
Philippines, outside of Manila, from July,
1S9S to February, 1899. were not due to
the' Filipinos, but to the Spanish padres.
Reverting to his conference in Manila,
General Hughes sold he was unable to get
Agulnaldo's representatives to define to
him what concessions they desired short
of absolute independence, although they
insisted that they must have something
definite to take back to the 20,000 men who
were virtually investing the city, be
cause, unless they did, they would bo un
able to hold them In check.
"You knew at the time," inquired Sen
ator Patterson, "that you could not grant
what they were asking?"
"I was unable to get them to decide
what they wished, except absolute inde
pendence, which of course, we were not
authorized to give," responded General
Hughes.
Sentaor Patterson Do you want this
committee to understand that theso com
missioners, representing the Philippine
army, did not want Independence If it was
accompanied by the withdrawal of the
American fleet?
General Hughes I want you to under
stand that they wished protection.
This answer was apparently unsatisfac
tory to Senator Patterson, and a sharp
colloquy between him and General Hughes
ensued, which was abruptly ended by Sen
ator Lodge, who announced the hour of
adjournment.
Majority Rule Party.
CHICAGO, March 6. The Referendum
League of Chicago announces the forma
tion of a National party for the promo
tion of initiative and referendum in all
the cities of the United States. The new
party will be known as the National
Non-Partisan Federation for Majority
Rule. George H. Shibley, the organizer,
will travel from city to city organizing
Referendum Leagues. His aim win de
to secure the passage In each state of a
bill compelling municipalities to recognize
petitions signed by 5 per cent of the vot
ers, in order that the question may be
voted upon by the people. The launch
ers of the new party are all officers of the
local league.
.Examination of Boundary Waters.
WASHINGTON, March 6. A favorable
report today was authorized by the Sen
ate committee on commerce, on the bill
authorizing the President to appoint a
commission to co-operate with Canada in
an examination of the boundary waters
between the two countries.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
There seems to be some little talk of
politics around town.
What a case of day-af ter-itls the Prince
will have when he gets home.
It is understood that the tack trust will
not affect next year's cup races.
As yet no member has challenged Till
man for the championship belt.
Do you care anything about Portland's
welfare? Yes? Then register.
The good ship Subsidy must have sailed
on Friday, and with a man named Jonah
for skipper.
It Is said that women cannot master
the Chinese language. And yet it is noth
ing but words.
The Senate chaplain certainly cannot
complain that there is not enough work
for him to do.
A boy has already been rescued from
drowning. The swimming season seems to
be on early this year.
It has been discovered that Andree Is
dead. An impression to that effect gained
currency some time ago.
The Marlon County Socialists aeciaro
they will not fuse. They are not as hot as
the New Jersey brethren.
King Edward seems determined to make
the coronation almost as brilliant an af
fair as the reception of Prince Henry.
A Filipino General has not been cap
tured for several i days. Isn't scrao one
of our officers liable to court-martial?
Miss Stone will not write for the maga
zines. The newspapars have already told
three or four times as much as thero is
to tell about her adventures.
Two hundred more teachers are bound
for the Philippines. At this rate the Fili
pinos will be educated to death beforo
we get time to pacify them.
Never put off till tomorrow what you
can do Just as well today. The foregoing
maxim was written by a man who forgot
to register until it was too late.
Marconi, it may not be generally known,
is only half an Italian. His mother was
an Irish girl, Annie Jamison, the daughter
of John Jamison, a liquor manufacturer of
Dublin. There is said to have been for
generations a legend in the family to the
effect that one of her great-great-grand-mothera
prophesied that one of her de
scendents would become famous.
Prince Henry shows his English ancestry
by his quickness in adopting American
slang. It has long been a pet tradition,
not to 6ay practice, with the English that
the way to the heart of the United States
citizen is to make use of the latter's al
leged slang terms. "If we make the trip
to Grant's tomb." remarked His Highness
Sunday afternoon, "I think we shall have
to hustle." Again, "Isn't that what you
call a cinch?" No Teuton pure and simple
would have -Indulged in just this sort of
persiflage. As a New York writer sug
gests, it was the English in the Prince
exhibiting Itself in a characteristic way.
Postmaster-General Payne has decided
on a new stamp, particularly designed for
the foreign mail service. It Is to be of a
denomination new to the postal service
13 cents. At present It Is Impossible to
send a registered letter through the malls
without using two stamps, one of 5 cents,
to pay the postage, and one of- S cents, to
pay the cost of registration. When the
13-cent stamp is on sale this will, of course,
be obviated by the use of one stamp. The
design of the stamp provides for a por
trait of President Harrison, which Is an
excellent likeness. Mr. Harrison is shown
seated at hte desk in the executive man
sion. .
CATTLEGROWEUS ELECT OFFICERS
Closing Day of the Convention at
Denver.
DENVER. March 6. The American
Cattlegrowers' Convention today adopted
resolutions advocating the enactment,
with some amendments, of the bill now
before Congress which provides for the
leasing of public land3 for grazing pur
poses. B. C. Buffum. professor of agriculture
at the Colorado Agricultural College, read
a paper on "Home Feeds and Cattle
Feeding in the Arid Region."
At the afternoon session the following
officers wero elected: President, F. C.
Lusk, Chico. Cal.; first vice-president.
Bartlett Richards, Ellsworth. Neb.; sec
ond vice-president. M. K. Parsons. Salt
Lake; treasurer. S. G. Gill. Denver; sec
retary, H. W. Robinson, Denver.
The 'following executive committee was
oion nnmed: Colorado. Georso P. Smith
and Conrad Schaefer; Montana, Paul Mc
Cormick and W. N. Holden; Nebraska.
Bartlett Richards and Hugh ChMcn;
Oregon. John "Gilchrist and William Here
ford; South Dakota. F. M. Stewart ant
G. B. Lemen; Wyoming, Alfred Boyd and
A. A. Spaugh; Utah. M. K. Parsons and
M T. Baumgard; California, A. J. Harold
arid J. G. Bradley; New Mexico. W. H.
Jack and J. H. Howard; Nevada, A. C.
Cleveland and John Sparks.
Resolutions were adopted asking Presi
dent Roosevelt to suspend tho work of
removing fences from the public range
until action on the leasing question Is
taken. The convention declined to adopt
resolutions regarding tho oleomargarine
and the Grosvenor anti-shoddy bills.
The convention adjourned sine die.
Dlplomntlc Appropriation Bill.
WASHINGTON. March 6. Senator Halo,
from the committee on appropriations, to
day reported the diplomatic appropriation
bUl with amendments, making a net in
crease of $29,456 in the total appropriation
made by the bill as It passed the House,
bringing the entire sum to S1.059.2S3. The
increase is due largely to the allowance
of better salaries to Consuls and Secre
taries of Legation.
Iron. Molders Want Scale Fixed.
CLEVELAND. O., "March 6. A confer
ence was held here today between the
officers of the National Foundrymen's As
sociation and representatives of tho Iron
Molders Union of America relative to
the demands of the union molders of this
city for a minimum wage scale of J3 per
day. The molders threaten to strike,
and declare they axe well prepared 'for a
long struggle.
Will Investigate Indian Scandals.
WASHINGTON, March 6. The Indian
committee of the House today selected a
subcommittee, consisting of Sherman of
New York, Lacey of Iowa, Burke of South .
Dakota, Fitzgerald of New York and Little
of Arkansas, to investigate charges made
against certain Indian officials during the
recent debate upon the Indian appropria
tion bill.
PIttnurr? Painters' Strike Ended.
PITTSBURG. March 6. Thirty firms,
employing 400 painters, acceded to the
men's demands and signed the scale to
day. Work was at once resumed at the
new Union Station, and a number of largo
buildings In course of erection.
O '
Asjrcement Favorably Reported.
WASHINGTON, March 6. The House
Indian committee today favorably report
ed the agreement mado with the Klamath
Indians for cessions of portions of their
reservations.