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TIIE HORNING OREGO-NIAST. SATURDAY, FJSBKUAKr, S,. 15)02.
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r
PORTI-AXII'S ATTITLlHtl
If there be one reason above all oth
. why Portland exists us a commer
cial city, it is its relationship to the
C lumbla River. Its whole future rests
t:p-n the maintenance of the Columbia
Ilir as a commercial highway. Dry
tip the river or fill up its channels and
Portland would be a mere local town.
Jn two way, the fortunes of Portland
r st upon the great river first, it gives
t hT conimtrce access to the pea, and
- nd, it brings to her through its
water-level route through the Cascade
Mountains the trafllc of the great in
t i ir btu-in. Who will say which of
thFw conditions is the more Important,
to Portland? Both are vitally related
l lur Interests; both. In truth, are es-
uthl to her commercial character and
x hr very life. Nothing could be
I lainer than that any betterment of
th.- conditions of the river, either
a' ve or below Portland, will make
f -r the advantage of Portland. Take
The upper river for example: Free
navigation, by breaking the monopoly
of the railroads, would assure the traffic
o" the great beji to Portland for all
tun-. It would probably make cheaper
railroad rates, thereby stimulating pro
t'uctitin. increasing the population of
tht- country, extending and intensify
ing agriculture and all other forms of
industry, and increasing the general
liro.cqerlty. .And these things could not
fTl to And reflection in the greater pros
j'trity of Portland. Xo reasonable man
lubts it; no Portland man of common
perse but hopes the day of an open
liver may soon come.
But. the whole purpose of an upper
river is related vitally to the condition
r.t the rU-er's mouth. A forty-foot chan
r. 1 f calm water from Astoria to Lew
istun and to the British Columbia line
would lie of little or no commercial ad
laruase if there were no means of get
t rig in and out -between the river and
t't ien sea. The reason is plain. The
jroiucts of the interior basin come
down the Columbia because the river is
a highway to the sea; and if access to
the sea -were destroyed, there would be
t.o point in bringing merchandise this
v iy It is true in a very positive sense
that the value of the upper river of
ivory part of it above Astoria is de
p ndent upon the condition at the river's
in uth. Portland recognizes this fact;
and this is why she Is willing that the
whole bounty of the Government at this
time, in so far as it may be given to the
O-lumbla River, shall be spent at the
i.r's mouth where in the present
emergency it will do most good.
Possibly the emergency here referred
to is not fully understood, though we
f e no reason why anybody should fail
to understand it. The facts are that
tindt-r influences still In operation the
I'.ir has of late grown shallower than it
lias been in recent years. It is. thanks
t- the work done by the Government
s '"ic years back, vastly better than it
v is originally; but It is not wha,t it
ught to be or might be made to be by
a liberal expenditure of money. At the
sane time, the fashion in ships is grow
ing larger. Twenty years ago a 3000-ton
ship was accounted a monster, while a
4000-ton ship was a marine wonder. To
day vessels of 7000 and SOCO tons
c me and go to and from this port.
AW have, therefore, the embarrassing
conjunction of a decreasing depth at the
Columbia River bar and an increasfng
tendency toward the making of large
ships. It is an emergency, indeed,
nni one in which every Interest
related to the commercial usage
of the Columbia River has vital con
cern. Portland has her interest in the
matter, and a profound interest it is;
1 ut it is not more profound not more
:-al than the interest of those who
liw by the upper reaches of the river.
3p water at the mouth of the Colum
bia River is the condition which makes
available to the products of the interior
country the relatively cheap water-level
rute to the sea. Allow the sands to fill
up the channels at the bar. and all this
tiallie would be compelled to find its
way to the sea over high mountain
ranges. The result would be that rates,
a r ady high, would be sharply ad
v.ineed. This is truth beyond doubt.
The level route down the Columbia
-Rler is the controlling factor in trans
portation rates from the interior basin.
The competing mountain route meets
this rate because it must But destroy
the level route or destroy the Colum-.
bia River as a commercial port, which
comes to the same thing remove it as
a factor In the situation, and the moun
tain route will speedily re-establish it
self upon another and higher basis.
And now a word as to the attitude of
Portland: Her situation, as all the
world knows, is a very considerable dis
tance up the stream. Her relationship to
the river is in kind precisely similar
to that of -the interior basin. Left to
the care of nature, the ship channels
which connect Portland with the river's
mouth would soon become unnavlgable
for deep ships. The obligation of the
Government in the matter of the river
channels below Portland is precisely
what it is In the matter of the upper
rivers. Portland has a claim for ship
channel Improvement between her
wharves and the mouth of the river,
precisely the same as L-ewiston has for
steamboat channel Improvement be
tween her wharves and our own. But
in consideration of the urgency of the
conditions at the bar and of the impos
sibility of getting more than a limited
appropriation for the river. Portland
steps aside, waives her claim and asks
that the whole sum to be appropriated
for the Columbia River be devoted to
wtrk at the bar to the work upon
which the whole commercial utility and
value of the river depends.
And this means that Portland will
take upon herself the maintenance of
the ship channels between her harbor
and the river's mouth. Possibly it may
not be known generally in the interior
that Portland has largely done this
work for many years past that the
channels through which the great mod
ern ships pass from the river's mouth
to her wharves are largely of her own
creation, the product of her own energy
and bounty. It is now ten years since
Portland took this duty upon herself,
and in that period her expenditure of
money on river account through her
"Port of Portland" corporation has ag
gregated (up to October last) the large
sum of SS30.G29 CO, of which S76.00S 35
was expended last year. In view of,
Portland's prompt and liberal dealing
with her own immediate part of the
river problem, and of all the facts and
considerations above discussed, there
would seem no reason why anybody,
should fall to see her attitude in its
true light, or fail to se that in urging
improvement at the; bar before all other
projects, including her own, she is pur
suing a reasonable and wise policy
not more for her own interest than for
the interest of the interior basin.
HOW TO PACIFY THn PHILIPPIXHS.
For a little time on Thursday the Sen
ate departed from Its beaten path of
Irrelevant recriminations into the un
familiar ground of constructive legisla
tion. For an hour of two was evinced
an adumbration of perceptive capacity,
some measurable apprehension of a bill
that was pending, and that might pos
sibly in time, despite the Senate rules
and in contravention of Senatorial dig
nity and courtesy, become law. For
a few brief moments It dimly dawned
on one or two of the least dignified and
courteous men there that the Payne
tariff bill, instead of arraigning Noyes,
or South Carolina horrors, or the "War
of the Revolution, or Daniels of Ari
zona, or Bell's orders or Dewey's prom
ises or "Wheaton's early struggles, really
pertained to commerce and tariffs In the
Philippine Islands. In the desert of
vapidity and disgrace through which
the Senate has moved since it received
the Payne bill from the House, it ac
cordingly found on Thursday, and dal
lied there, a tiny oasis of human intel
ligence, where figures of duties and
actual names of such things as ships
and merchandise woke unfamiliar
echoes in the Senate chamber and
speedily died away to make room for
the regular order partly Hoar's appli
cation of Tom Corwin's character to
tonnage dues and Tillman's superfluous
allegation, enforced by blows upon his
desk that, his country being at war, he
is with the enemy.
What little was done seems to be good.
Lodge perpetuated the Massachustts
tradition, original perhaps with Sumner,
of perfecting phraseology, for Massa
chusetts beats the world on grammar.
He was also wise and firm enough to
press to its adoption an amendment
which indefinitely defers extension of
the coastwise laws to the Philippine
trade a provision as compatible with
justice as it is inimical to our railroad
combinations. The exact purport of
some of the Lodge amendments is ob
scured by evident errors in transmis
sion, but their effect is plainly in the
interests of the Islands, with due regard
to the ultimate Americanization of their
commerce. Philippine and American
vessels will have increasing preferences
there as time goes on, but restrictions
will not be allowed meanwhile to ham
per business.
Evidence accumulates that the archi
pelago stands in most urgent need of
prompt and remedial legislation. Judge
Taft's testimony is very impressive to
this effect, and so is the argument of
Representative Cooper, printed in an
other column this morning. The Amer
icanization of the islands seems to be
less a military or a Government prob
lem than it is an industrial problem.
Not concentration camps or trial by
jury will do so much for peace and
prosperity as will opportunity for Amer
icans to go there and do business and
help the Filipinos to do business. If
our capitalists and laborers, farmers,
miners and lumbermen can get in there
and go to work, they will soon make the
islands so busy and prosperous that no
body will be bothered taking to the
guerrilla trail or passing Incendiary
resolutions. Liberal tariff and currency
schemes put into operation at once,
lauds opened for settlement, franchises
let for mines and sawmills, licenses is
sued for all kinds of productive busi
ness these are what the Philippines
need and need atonce.
Congress seems to hesitate about
granting leave for business to go ahead
in the Philippines, because it fears that
corporations will make money. It Is
easy to err in these matters on the side
of conservatism. Nobody will promote
industry and trade in the Philippines
unless he has a chance to make money.
Or anywhere else.
Mrs. Jessie Benton Fremont, who now
receives a pension of $2000 a year from
the Government, writes John B. Colton,
cf Kansas City. Mo., from Los Angeles,
Cal.. that the Government owes her 50.
000. and that if it Is paid she proposes
placing upon her husband's grave "a
simple slab with 'The Pathfinder, born
January 21, 1S13, died June 13, 1S90.' "
The pension enjoyed by Mrs. Fremont
is not too large, not because she was
the wife of John C. Fremont, who was a
charlatan and an adventurer, but be
cause she is the daughter of Thomas
H. Benton, a great statesman, who ren
dered most important services to his
country, and especially to that portion of
it now represented by the Pacific States.
Shortly after the death of General Fre
mont, in 1S30, Josla'i Royce, of Califor
nia, reviewed his career In the Atlantic
Monthly, and, among other things, said
of him: " "General Fremont possessed
all the qualities of genius except abil
ity." Lincoln found him hopelessly in
effective in action and utterly shallow
in judgmct. Fremont was the double
of McCfellan, save that he lacked Mc
Clcllan's amiable, urbane temper.
Fremont trying to pursue .Stonewall
Jackson was Sir Fretful Plagiary, while )
McCIellan confronting Lee was always
Sir Forcible Feeble. "When Lincoln re
moved me I was on the eve of a great
victory over General Price," said Fre
mont. "When Lincoln relieved me I
was about to deliver a great blow upon
the enemy," said McCIellan. The found
ers of Oregon were wont to laugh at
Fremont's title of "The Pathfinder" and
say that the only paths he ever found
were those that were never lost. His
wife. In her doting loyalty to the mem
ory of her husband, will doubtless mock
history by writing "The Pathfinder" on
his tomb; but Mr. Royce correctly sum
marized the man as "bearing every
mark of being a fictitious character, a
purely literary figment In politics, busi
ness or warfare, a man of vague and
ghostly industry, touching and begin
ning a thousand things during his ca
reer of flitting and of failing."
I'EAHSOX'S BATTLE.
A terrible battle is raging at Evan
ston and in the Chicago papers and
throughout the Methodist denomination
over the case of Professor Pearson, of
the Northwestern University. He is an
able man, devout, consecrated and
lt-arned. But his studies have led him
to doubt the infallibility of the Bible.
He has learned about the discrepancies
and Interpolatlcns of the text. He has
learned its-human history, the origin of
some of its passages and the perver
sions it has suffered at the hands of Ig
norance, misguided zeal and time. Be
ing an honest man, he has spoken out.
Being attached to his church and his
university, he would fain cling to both.
We do not refer to the case of Pear
son In order to pass judgment upon it.
That Judgment has been rendered with
approximate uniformity bj- countless
trained observers and disinterested crit
ics, hostile alike to church, Bible and
professor. From them we learn that
the church is entirely wrong in'clinglng
to the Bible and the Bible Is entirely
wrong in its statements of fa'ct. Were
Mr. Pearson a hundred times more vio
lent in his attacks upon the Bible, nev
ertheless the church and the university
would be clearly guilty of all and more
that he might charge against it.
Not that Pearson is right. Bless you,
no! In so far as he makes things un
comfortable for Bible, church and
school, those institutions are to be be
rated: but nothing said on his side of
the controversy should carry the im
pression that he himself is deserving
either of praise or condonation. Pear
son, we learn from the uniform voice
of the same xinprejudlced critics, Is as
wrong as he cculd possibly be, because
he still clings to his Bible, church and
school. Give them all up, professor,
and you will be strictly In harmony
with our Christian civilization. Other
wise you are at fault in exact propor
tion to your loyalty and devotion. There
is only one thing more objectionable to
the truly infallible and inspired critic
than a consistent defender of the old
Bible and the old church, and that is
the man who would purge each of its
errors in order to make it more effect
ive. It is somewhat permissible for a
man to swallow the creed whole, im
possibilities and all; but for him to ac
cept its truth and reject its errors
this Is the unpardonable offense which
if not stamped out might in time give
the world an acceptable Bible and a
livable doctrine.
Not to pass judgment on Pearson,
then, or on his opponents, is the present
purpose, but only to say that the battle
In the church and school, newspapers
and church periodicals is a tame affair,
compared with the battle that has raged
In the man's own breast. One does not
need to see the troubled face with tem
ples streaked with gray, to know the
struggle that has been behind it. What
legions of childhood memories and old
beliefs soaked in at mother's knee and
in college days and seminary training
marshaled themselves In serried ranks
against the brave young army of scien
tific discovereries and historical demon
stration! Through what stormy mid
night hours has conscience wrestled
with doubts, arT"truth with duty!
There was a battle' for you! Perhaps a
Shakespeare will arise some day to put
these twentieth century tragedies into
living verse, for they are worthy to
stand alongside the struggle of Hamlet
over suicide and Macbeth's losing bat
tle with temptation and poor old Lear's
bootless conflict with Insanity and Rich
ard's desperate night before Bosworth
Field.
AX EXPEDIEXT DESPERATE IlUT
KLTII,E.
The managers of the Simon machine
at Portland, stung to fury by exposure
through The Oregonlan of some of their
practices .on the County Treasury, at
tempt to retaliate by issuing a circular
in which they allege that The Orego
nlan Publishing Company has drawn,
corruptly or unjustly, large sums for
public advertising during seven or eight
years past.
During this period The Oregonlan has
done a large amount of county, and The
Evening Telegram a large amount of
city, advertising. The rate charged by
The Oregonian has been merely a fair
rate; the rate paid to the Telegram
has been a very low rate a rate below
that which any newspaper, going It
alone and depending on its own re
sourcescould afford to take. That the
sum paid during this period has been, in
the aggregate, a considerable one. Is
true; but the amount of advertising
done was large. In the case of The
Oregonian the service was worth all the
money paid it; In the case of the Tele
gram it was worth much more.
Delinquent tax lists had to be pub
lished. The law required it. They came
to The Oregonlan for publication, be
cause It was the only medium through
which the publication could attain any
adequate or serviceable circulation.
The Oregonlan made It known, in ad
vance, that its charge for the service
would be 10 cents a line. It was a fair
and reasonable charge. For large part
of the advertisements that run in its
columns daily, and throughout the year.
The Oregonlan receives a higher rate.
Its bills for the service were audited
and paid by the County Board; and The
Oregonlan most solemnly assures the
public that It paid no member of the
County Board anything for it, or al
lowed any member a rake-off. In view
of recent developments, the public may
think this statement necessary. The
Oregonlan does business fairly and on
principle, and in no other way. How Is
it, if The Oregonian's charges were un
just or excessive, that this same virtu
ous County Board that now tries to set
a "back fire" against exposure of some
of its recent practices, certified and al
lowed a large proportion of these same
bills especially since The Oregonian
emphatically assures the public that
there was no private dealing between
any member of the board and itself, in
order to get the bills passed and paid?
The Oregonlan, then, did the work;
Its charges were only Its usual charges,
just and fair. And, though the money
was paid by warrant on the County
Treasury, the larger part of It has come
back, or is coming back, to the treas
ury through collection of penalties im
posed by law on delinquents. This,
however. Is not the point, or is merely
collateral. The point Is and the fact
is that The Oregcnian did a piece of
business, just as it does all business.
In a way at once fair and honorable.
It printed advertisements at a fair rate
and got its pay for the service. Every
thing was open and above board. So
with the city advertisements, printed by
the Evening Telegram. Contract rates
have been made with the city, through
the Common Council, for this service;
and as the Telegram has cteadlly com
peted with persons who were printing
so-called newspapers that were mere
travesties of journalism, the rates paid
it have always been far below what any
newspaper having the Telegram's range
and variety of news, and large 'circu
lation, should receive.
Here, then, are the facts. In answer
to this circular issued by the managers
of the Simon machine. No unjust or
excessive charge for public advertising
has ever been made by The Oregonian.
Nothing has been done in a corner. The
service has been rendered on terms
made known In advance; and the rate
was paid without protest or objection
by these same officials, in whose pres
ent interest, and for whose defense
against their recent unlawful and cor
rupt proceedings, a transaction In which
they formerly participated and which
they approved without question, is now
attacked. It is,a desperate but futile
expedient.
The custom or courtesy of sending
American representatives to foreign
court functions is a growing one. In
evidence of this is the appointment by
President Roosevelt of Dr. J. L. M.
Curry, of Virginia, as special represent
ative of the United States to attend
the ce!ebratli of the 16th birthday of
King Alfonso XIII of Spain, on the 17th
of next May. Dr. Curry was Minister
to Spain during the first administra
tion of President Cleveland, reaching
Madrid ci the very day that King Al
fonso XII died. He was present at the-
birtli of the posthumous heir to the
throne, in accordance with a Spanish
court custom which assembles diplo
mats and members of the court in the
royal bedchamber upon such occasions.
His acquaintance with the Spanish
court qualifies him for the mission to
which he has been delegated. In view
of the events of a fev years ago, it may
be considered a delicate and tactful bit
of courtesy for our Government to send
to Spain an envoy to congratulate the
young King upon the attainment of his
legal majority and the Spanish peopie
upon the end of a long regency.
An Army Chaplain some months ago
wrote The Oregonlan a letter disputing
its accuracy in stating that the Ninth
United States Infantry fought at Lun
dy's Lane in the last war with Great
Britain, and recited the fact that the
Ninth regular Infantry was not author
ized by Congress until 1S53. The truth
Is that the regular Army has changed
its organization a good many times
since the formation of the Union. The
United States Army has varied greatly
In Its numbers at different times. It
was 50.000 strong In 1S12-14; It was not
more than 12,000 strong in 1SG1. There
was a Ninth United States Infantry at
-Lundy's Lane, for there is a bill now
before Congress asking for "the erection
of a monument to the memory of Cap
tain Abraham F. Hall, of the Ninth
United States Infantry, at Lundy's
Lane." This regiment disappeared in
subsequent changes In the organization
of the Army made necessary by its re
duction at various times. The Ninth
Infantry of today is not the Ninth In
fantry of 1812-14.
Since there was an "official graft" in
the matter of the comparatively small
expenditure necessary for purchase of
part of the furniture for the new addi
tion to the County Clerk's office, the
next Inquiry Is, How large was the offi
cial graft in building it? Did the con
tractors "divvy" with the County Com
missioners, in this larger matter? And
what now is the inference as to the
"official graft" on all the enormous
sums expended through the County
Board, on roads, bridges, lumber, fuel,
and whatever else the county buys or
pays for? Cannot the management of
the county's affairs be put in honest
hands? Is it not worth a trial? Whose
"machine" it Is that is doing this busi
ness everybody knows. The master of
It is directly before the people of Ore
gon for re-election to the United States
Senate. Commissioner Mack, one of his
most active workers, Is said to be on his
slate for the office of Sheriff.
While the woolgrowers In session at
Helena are undoubtedly within justice
in their attack upon Statistician North,
for his activity In behalf of free wool,
it is to be regretted, perhaps, that they
did not improve the opportunity to go
on record In favor of moderation In
wool tariffs. Oregon woolmen have
been commendably fair in their attitude
on this question, have asked for moder
ate protection, and have opposed ex
treme tariffs. At a time when tariff re
form is widely urged on behalf of the
people- and against the protected cor
porations. It does not become any of us
to insist upon prohibitive duties.
Bishop Andrews, of the Mfeihodlsi
he Mtl
Church, in a recent address entirely ap
proves of Mayor Low's position on the
Sunday closing of saloons In New York
City, saying that the Mayor Is doing as
well as he can; that In the matter of
Sunday liquor law enforcement It Is fu
tile to establish unattainable standards.
Professor W. O. Atwater, of the Wes
leyan University, who holds that alcohol
In limited quantities is "food," is the
son of a Methodist minister who all his
days was an untiring, uncompromising
advocate of the prohibitory liquor law.
Which might, perhaps, have been ex
pected. Judge Cake Is not attending to official
business, or he would be able to put
some sort of check upon the "graft."
He Is away from home and from his
post of duty a good deal, and many
complaints about it reach The Orego-
Occasion for Tellerlim Indignation.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
.Senator Teller, who became so Indig
nant when Senator Beveridge corrected
his stntefyent that the Associated Press
dispatches arc censored at Manila, is
the same gentleman who introduced a
resolution last week calling on the
President .to prevent the execution of a
Boer prisoner three days after the pris
oner had been executed. Senator Teller's
Information is not always beyond correc
IMMORTALITY OF THE SOUL.
Chicago Tribune.
Was the old Hebrew "resurrection,"
meaning the persistence of the nation, the
truer notion, or are we individually to live
again in another world? Was the Chris
tian doctrine of Immortality chiefly a re
source of optimism in the face of desper
ate worldly distress, or does It register
the highest and mcfit significant self-assertion
of the individual mind?
Has that doctrine been seized upon,
elaborated, and utilized for ecclesiastical
end?, or has It simply been sympathetic
ally preserved and enforced by institu
tional Christianity? Ha.s it excused the
death of the infant from preventable
causes, condoned the sacrifices of war,
and palliated the ills of th!s world in
general, through confidence in the re
wards of the next? Or has it simply ad
ministered legitimate comfort? Is there
apt to be an Inverse ratio between zeal
for social betterment and expectation or
a kingdom in heaven? Or does hope in
the latter stimulate effort for the former?
And whatever be the answers to these
Inquiries, are men's minds undergoing a
deep change of attitude toward the Idea
of immortality? Is it ceasing for many
to be a necessary basis for cheerfulness
and eVcn for the most optimistic and
joyful seal in life? Or is its relative Im
portance suffering no conscious decline?
Dr. Parkhurst's discussion of this doc
trine In New York last Sunday naturally
suggests all these questions, though it
docs not directly raise them. He did.
however, distinctly challenge the idea
that the soul is Inherently Immortal.
"There is nothing In Scripture or in
things." he says, "that encourages us to
feel that a soul can be kept from dying
any more than a body, unless it is taken
care of." It carries no "policy of insur
ance against its own eventual oblitera
tion. Wc may be immortal," but it will
only be "because we have succeeded in
being such. . . . If and there is notn
ing to disprove it It is the intention of
nature that soul should reach that spir
itual longevity expressed by the word
'ctcrr.a!,' the soul will have to pay for the
superb prerogative by fulfilling the con
ditions and taking good care of its spirit
ual health. . . . The question wheth
er you personally be Immortal Is going
to be fettled by you."
fhis Is certainly bracing doctrine, al
though the lack of dogmatic assertion as
to the reality of immortality "we may
be immortal," and "there is nothing to
disprove It" Is almost as conspicuous as
the positive denial of Its realization save
by those who ? hall have won it.
A score of years ago Mr. Beecher was
indignantly characterizing eternal punish
ment as morally monstrous. His words
created consternation in many religious
quarters, but it is remarkable to what ex
tent that doctrine has within two decades
lost force not only In popular conviction
but also In pulpit utterance. The doc
trine that this world is mainly a decisive
preparation for the next Is one which,
though often heard today. I? nowhere
urged with the abandonment and power
befitting such a tremendous truth. To
have its loose and unconditional assertion
challenged, as it was by Dr. Parkhurst.
will at least make for the clarification of
the real truth within it.
Where Iteform Im Xeedvd.
New York Journal of Commerce.
Bank circulation figures- given by our
Washington correspondent will surprise
no one who has watched the effect of
bond prices upon bank notes. The act or
March 14, 1M0. made two provisions for
small increases in the volume of the cur
rency; one was the creation of small
banks and the other was the increase of
circulation from 00 per cent to par of tht
bonds. Of course the latter had the ex
pected effect, but it was a very moderate
one. Although the small banks are In
rural communities, where circulation is
relatively a more important source of in
come than other branches of the business,
yet these small banks have taken out only
a small part of the circulation they were
entitled to. The law of March It. 1S0O,
made no radical change in the bank note
law and, therefore. It could have no great
effect. The Influences that caused con
traction for many years and then retarded
the Increase, which was only a part or
what the increasing business of the coun
try demanded, are still at work; and the
circulation secured by bonds, that is, the
circulation which Is not in process of be
ing retired, decreased nearly $4,000,000
during the last three months of 3901.
Such extensive retirements have been an
nounced that it is estimated that hy
March 10 the circulation secured by bonds
will be more than $10,000,030 less than
on September CO. Now and for a few
weeks there is a decreasing demand for
money, but from September CO to the end
of the year Is about the busiest time of
the year, and yet the deposit of lawful
money to retire circulation Increased
nearly $5,000,000 In that time. The bank
circulation must be separated from Gov
ernment bonds.
The Peril of Culm.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
It Is currently said by people who fear
that reciprocity might cause some email
relief to American taxpayers, which, how
ever, 13 not the object of the proposed
concessions to Cuba, that the impending
distress there Is fictitious, and that the
American people are deceived as to the
real situntion. In this connection atten
tion is Invited to the following statement
of what may be expected if reciproclty
fall:
If It rails, wo may expect that the fields will
again become waste, the mills will again be
ill."mantleO. the jtreat body of laborers will be
thrown out of employment, and that poverty
and starvation, disorder and anarchy will en
sue; that tho charities and the school? that wo
have been building up will find no money ror
their support and will be discontinued; that
the sanitary precautions which have mail:
Cuba no longer a dreaded source of pestilence-,
but one of the most healthy Islands In the
world, will of necessity be abandoned, and our
Atlantic seaboard must again sufTer from the
Injury to commerce nnd the maintenance of
quarantines at an annual cost of many millions.
Perhaps the reader thinks this picture
is from the hands of some Cuban sugar
grower, or other person who has a pe
cuniary Interest In the matter. On the
contrary, these lines were written by Sec
retary Root, the head of the War Depart
ment, which has been In control of Cuba
since the war. They are Indorsed by Gov
ernor Wood and other ofilcers in Cuba,
who have had the best opportunities for
obtaining reliable Information as to the
condition of the Island. No reason Is ap
parent why any of these men should mis
represent the actual situation.
Constitutional Amendments.
San Francisco Call.
According to a compilation mode by the
New York Sun within 30 days after the
assembling of Congress, there were Intro
duced no less than 41 bills and joint .reso
lutions proposing amendments to the Na
tional Constitution. Of course, some of
these cover the seme point, but they "still
make a goodly array when classified, for
they show no less than IS distinct propo
sitions. As presented by the Sun, the list show
ing the number of bills or joint resolutions
introduced in support of each measure
stands thus:
Election of Senators by popular vote n
Federal regulation of corporations and co
partnerships 4
InauRuratlon day In April 3
Taxlns power of Congress enlarged or re
stricted S
Income tax sanctioned 3
"Woman suffrage 2
Anarchy a high crime .. 'X
Fifteenth amendment repealed 2
Treason defined 2
I'olyjramlsts disqualified by Congre.3 2
Congress to regulate marriage and divorce... 2
Congrcs. to regulate factory hours 2
Xo "Federal or state aid to sectarian Insti
tutions 1
Uniform quillflcatlons of electors In all
states 1
Arsaultlng hlzh Federal ofilcers a special
crimo 1
Limited term for Supreme Court Justices.. 1
Federal Jurisdiction over use of water... ..... 1
Six-year Presidential term 1
AMOSEMEXT&
It was a typical matinee audience that
crowded the Marquam yesterday after
noon for Josef Hofmann's return concert,
a wildly demonstrative audience, not
overly critical, applauding to the echo,
encoring every number several times
over, whether mazurka or sonata, senti
mental love song or martial polonaise.
And the programme was a typical mati
nee programme, for Hofmann has a wise
head on his young shoulders, and has evi
dently given some profitable study to
American audiences. He is, moreover, an
adept in programme-making. The roman
tic and sentimental, therefore, predomi
nated, with a plentiful sprinkling of the
bravura, particularly toward the close,
when a matinee audience is likely to lose
whatever coolness and discrimination It
may have had in the beginning.
It was Interesting to note the effect of
this absence of the critical faculty In the
audience upon Hofmann himself. It was
nowhere more noticeable than in the
Polish Song (G major) of Chopin's, which
was played carelessly, and had little or
none of the witching airiness and grace
which it had Monday night, when he
played It by way of encore.
Hofmann was at his best in the first
numbers on the programme. The opening
fugue was superbly given, each voice dis
tinct, and with a well-defined Individu
ality of It.s own. There was intellectual
as well as technical mastery of Bach.
Weber's beautiful sonata in A flat major
(which, by the way. Is an Ideal "big num
ber" for a matinee programme), has never
ben better rendered in Portland. Its
charming freshness and romanticism. Its
grace and fire, wjre enough to carry any
audience by storm, and were sufficient
excuse for the demonstration that fol
lowed. The selection of the Mendelssohn
Scherzo a Capprlcclo was another evi
dence of Hofmann's good Judgment. As
for his own compositions, they were
played to an audience that was wholly
sympathetic and ready to yield him every
shred of honor that he deserved. They
proved pleasant enough In the hearing,
but without any unusual originality or
force. The rendering of the Caprice Es
pagnole (Moszowski), on the other hand,
was a thing to be remembered, as was.
also, the Chopin polonaise, for by this
time Hofmann had been warmed up to th
right pitch of excitement to give them
with the necessary fervor. The polonaise
had the true martial spirit and ring or
victory.
Then came the renction. There was
more or less carelessness and slovenliness
in the remaining numbers; and the Jtu
benstein barcarolle and Liszt rhapsodie
were plainly concessions to an uncritical
audience. There was a redeeming feature
in the pretty idea of closing with a Cho
pin nocturne for encore, which was in
harmony with the approach of nightfall,
and well suited to quiet hysterical enthusiasts.
MATIXEES TODAY.
Attractive Bills nt All Three The
nterK. Wlllson's Juvenile Minstrels, which have
been pleasing audiences at the Marquam
for the last two nights, will be seen at
a special children's matinee this after
noon, and the house will no doubt be
crowded with little people, who are al
ways eager to see other children on the
stage.
A bag of candy will be given to each
child who attends.
At Cordray's, "For Her Sake," E. J.
Carpenter's lavish production of a stir
ring Russian melodrama, will be the bill.
The play Is one of the best seen at the
theater this season, and the scenery is
unusually elaborate. -
At the Baker the fine vaudeville pro
gramme which has been so successful as
a drawing card all the week will be pre
sented. There are se'en numbers on the
programme, each one of which Is a good
show In Itself. There has been a very
heavy advance sale.
COSIIXG ATTItACTIOXS.
"AVhose BnliyArcYon?" at Cordrny's
Few modern farce-comedies have been
so successful as Mark E. Swan's "Whose
Baby Are You?" which will be seen at
Cordray's Theater the week beginning
Sunday night. The plot Is so complicated
as to keep the audience continually guess
ing what Is going to happen next, and a
constant series of surprises affords plenty
of opportunity for laughter. An excel
lent company and an all-round good pro
duction is promised this year. After an
interval of melodrama, a bright comedy
will be particularly welcome to the pa
trons of the theater.
The Vallcyrln. Family nt the Baker.
Among the star features of next week's
vaudeville programme at the Baker is the
Valkyrla family, equilibrists, whoso
feats of balancing are said to be the
most remarkable ever seen on the stage.
Other features are the Carlson Sisters,
juvenile dancers and singers; Baby Wes
ton, and many other bright acts, Includ
ing Weston and Herbert and the Paloma
Ladies' Quartet, whose success this week
Induced Mr. Baker to continue them for
another. The new . programme begins
with the matinee Sunday afternoon.
3IodJeUn-Jnme.s Combination.
A long line of people were waiting when
the reserved seat sale opened for the
Modjeska-James engagement at the Mar
quam yesterday morning.
In presenting "Henry VIII" the manage
ment has made every effort to make it
as plctorlally effective as the memorable
production in which Sir Henry Irving and
Ellen Terry appeared about 15 years ago.
The company numbers M people. Two
cars are utilized In transportation of the
scenery and properties. "Henry VIII"
will be given on Monday antl Tuesday
nights and Wednesday matinee. On
Wednesday night will occur the only per
formance of "The Merchant of Venice."
Ellix Inlnnd Scnndnls.
Philadelphia Bulletin.
Many complaints have been made re
cently regarding the existence of alleged
gross abuses at the great Immigrant re
ceiving station on Ellis Island. In New
York harbor. It is asserted that new
comers to the United States. Ignorant of
the English language and easily intimi
dated by uniformed officials In a strange
land, have In many 'instances been mal
treated and subjected to extortion by Fed
eral employes, while It Is hinted that
swindlers and procurers have received di
rect assistance from Government agents,
hired to protect unwary foreigners.
How much of these charges Is true and
how much Is fiction can only be ascer
tained bj- a searching investigation,
which. It Is reported, is to be Initiated
as soon as the new Secretary of the
Treasury takes office. The subject is said
to have been fully discussed In a late con
ference between Secretary Gage and his
successor. Mr. Shaw, and it has also been
brought to the attention of the President.
In the absence of proof, it would be un
fair to assume that conditions are as bad
as they have been depicted, but there
seems to be sufficient ground for demand
ing a stringent and impartial inquiry into
the facts. Ellis Island Is an institution
which Is unique In Its proportions and
activities. It Is the main gateway through
which pours the huge tide of alien life
that helps to swell the population and
build up the industries of the United
States, and the dealings of Its officials
with the immigrants who are temporarily
entrusted to their charge should be char
acterized by justice and humanity.
Not fewer than 38S.931 persons were re
ceived at this depot during the last fiscal
year an average exceeding 1000 dally, and
comprising people from every land, speak
ing a multitude of tongues, and abso
lutely unfamiliar, for the most part, with
American regulations and customs. The
opportunities for blackmail and kindred
abuses in handling this vast mass of hu
man beings are manifestly numerous, and
if subordinate officials have taken advan
tage of them there should be no mistaken
lenity In the policy adopted toward the
culprits.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
The burdened Portland citizen
Cloes ploddir.g o'er the road.
Xor fails to smile a patient smile,
Xo matter what his load.
But evc:i he. poor, jaded slave.
The gentle spirit licks
To bear that last but crushing straw.
The galling carpet tax.
He's stood Tor streets of every sort.
From Jagged rock to snnd;
lie's borne with grafts of many kinds,
And ne"er raised his hand.
But now he piteous! walN
And asks the headsman's ax
To prur.e away that extra straw.
The galling carpet tax.
The Empress Dowager has wept. Sen
ator Teller please copy.
Even General Alger's approach to death
did not seem to be successful in booming
his' book.
It will be of no use to tell Miss Stone
that she has been released. She will not
believe It now.
Kipling has turned out enough poetry
to win ten wars, but his series still lacks
a paean of victory.
General Eagan has been challenged t:
fight. But the challenger knew he was
secure before he spoke.
There are yet r few cities which have
not been half blown to pieces by explo
sions, but returns are not all In.
The British Army seems to be reduced
to nothing but Major-Gencrals. but then
we have only Admirals in our Navy.
The New York doctor who has offered
himself to be vivisected probably wants
to see how some of his patients feel.
J. P. Morgan has failed to get control
of the coal mines. Too bad, when ho
needs them to run the rest of the
world.
The Kansas City Journal says tho
ground hog Is a fraud. That settles it.
He doesn't get Into this column with any
of his poetry.
Admiral Sampson sends word to tho
President that he was In. command of the
fleet at Santiago. It was the fleet that
did tho business, however.
Out of 23 golf clubs In Philadelphia, 17
clubs with a membership of 4166 permit
play on Sunday and six with a member
ship of 201G do not play Sunday golf.
Paderewskl has returned to the United
States with all his hair. He had better
keep out of range when Commissioner
Jones happens In on one of his per
formances. Prince Henry has announced that he is
not going to be difficult to please. This
should be taken as an intimation that a
couple of frankfurters, a plate of sauer
kraut and a stein will be all that Is
necessary at the White House luncheon
In his honor.
"The Holy Ghost and Us" Society,
from Shlloh, Me., has settled in Brook
lyn, N. Y.. with Frank S. Sandford at
its head. Meetings have begun In Brook
lyn "to pave the way for the evangeliza
tion of the greater city and for great
tribulation and the coming of the Lord."
"It seems to me that stage-struck girls
who think life behind the fotlights Is
one round of pleasure, might learn some
thing rom studying-the photographs or
celebrated actresses," said a noted East
ern photographer, who caters to the the
atrical profession. "The actresses who
are always smiling and looking frivolous
In their pictures are almost invariably of
minor importance. Even Lillian Russell,
who has for years pose6 as a profes
sional Deauty, Is seltfom photographed
smiling. There is a sadness In the ex
pression of most of the great actresses
that even the camera cannot overcome.
Duse. Bernhardt and Ellen Terry, to
mention threo foreign artists from three
different countries, are never smiling In
their photographs. Julia Marlowe wears
a perpetual frown, and Fanny Daven
port's mouth had a droop that suggested
weariness and care. I might also men
tion Ada Rehan, Annie Rusell, Julia Ar
thur, Minnie Maddern FIske and a host
of others to illustrate my point that the
famous women of the stage look far
from being happy."
"Yes," said Alexander J. Linn, in
answer to a New York interviewer's
question, "I acknowledge I am the man
responsible for the 'redheaded woman and
white horse craze,' but I suppose that
the time for running me down had gone
by long ago. You see it was this way.
I was sitting with a couple of friends
at a window pt the New York Union
League Club, a good many years ago,
when one of them said: 'See that coal
wagon? By Jove, but there are three
fine white horses hitched to It, in a
row. You don't often see that.' 'No,' I
answered. 'Nor do you often see three
handsome redheaded girls like those on
the sidewalk.' Then as a Joke of the
moment I added, 'But then you never see
a redheaded woman, without seeing a
white horse near her. The statement was
unchallenged. We watched. Along came
an open carriage. One of the horses was
white, and In the carriage was a woman
with auburn tresses. The next white
horse was attached to a Fifth-avenue
stage. A red-haired girl was among the
passengers. One of the editors of a New
York newspaper came in just then, and
we told him of the joke. He wrote a
funny article about it, nnd In less than
a week people all over the United 'States
were engaged in picking out white horses
and redheaded girls. There you have the
true story, told by me for the first time."
"Does It always hold out true?" "My
friend," said Mr. Linn, solemnly, "go
read tho history of America for the last
25 years."
PLEASAXTIUES OF PAKAGRAPHERS
She Have you never been tempted to give up
literature? Author Xo such luck I've always
been compelled to stick to it! Life.
In the Future. First riutocrat You've
known him a Jong time, haven't you? Second
Plutocrat Yes; we were millionaires together.
Puck.
Patience What lovely hats she wears 1 Ta
trice Yes; you know her husband is a land
scape gardener, and he designs them. Yonkera
Statesman.
An Important Point. Mrs. Ascum So you're
going to send your daughter to V."e!lsley. Why
not to Vassar? Mrs. De Style The Vassar
colors don't become her at all. Philadelphia
Press.
"Oh!" said the poet, haughtily. "If you don't
accept my verses It doesn't matter much. I
have other irons in the fire." "Ah! Thep put
these verses with them, by all means," said
the editor. Philadelphia Record.
The Favorite Picture. "There are plenty of
candidates for the Secretaryship of Commerce
and Labor," remarked Squl'dlg. "Yes; quite a
number of willing statesmen are having their
photographs taken cabinet size." added Mc
Swilllgen. Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph.
Wife Do you think Tommy disturbs our
neighbor with his drum? Husband I'm afraid
so; the man next door made him a present of
a nice new knife today, and suggested that
Tommy should cut open the drum and spend
"tho money that is inside." Tit-Bits.
)
S
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'f-'nM-5&-.