12
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, JANUARY 24, 1902.
SPOT FLEET CLEANED UP
SIX VESSELS CHARTERED WITHIX
THE PAST WEEK.
Fulvrood the Only "Veel on the Free
List Xumerons Departure From
Astoria yesterday.
Six spot ships at this port have been
chartered within the past week two for
Portland loading, two to proceed, to San
Francisco, and two for Puget Sound. This
Is pretty lively business, coming at a
time when the harbor Is blocked with a
firet of record-breaking proportions, and
Puget Sound also has a large fleet In
purl. The French bark Bossuet, the last
of the haff dozen disengaged ships which
have been chartered within the past week,
was chartered -yesterday to load at this
port at 30s. The French bark Mollere. pre
vlously reported as taken for Puget Sound
loading, sailed yesterday for San Fran
cisco, where she will load at 30s. The Du
quesne, which sailed from the Columbia
for 'San Francisco last Saturday, was
chartered at 28s 9d. The Charles Gounod,
which arrived unchartered,- also secured
that rate from Portland. The Falkirk,
which proceeded to Puget Sound, was
chartered at SOs. and the French bark
La. Fontaine, which goes to Puget Sound,
receives 30s. This shows the three ports'
to be on almost even terms, and It would
aiso Indicate that 30s Is regarded as a
reasonable figure for grain tonnage.
The charter of the Bossuet leaves the
Fulwood alone In her glory on the disen
gaged list. She has been In the river since
December 1, has lost over $SO0O through
the decline In freights, and as much more
through loss of time, with the chances
very much against her receiving within 5s
of the rate she refused, unless she re
mains In port a year or two.
RECORD OF OVERBITES.
Fifty Per Cent and Over Was Paid on
25 Ships In 1O01.
Interesting data concerning overdue and
missing steam and balling vessels for the
year 1801 has been complied by M. A. New
ell, the San Francisco reinsurance broker,
from the records of the Liverpool Journal
of Commerce, an authority on the subject.
The data shows that 50 per cent reinsur
ance and over was paid on 25 ships during
the year. The number of Iron and steel
calling Vessels missing during the year
was 18, the number of wooden sailing ves
sels missing was 5, and the number of
steamers posted during the year as miss
ing was 9. It is interesting to note in this
connection that in England San Francisco
is regarded as the most important over
due market In the world next to London.
More attention Is glvedto overdues here
than in any other port except London,
and more speculation follows In vessels
listed as overdue and relnsurable. In the
vessels listed as missing last year a total
of SOO persons were lost. This Is believed
to be a low estimate, and Is based upon
the assumption that each of the missing
vessels carried 25 persons. The average
probably ran much higher. The value of
the missing sailing vessels, at a conserva
tive estimate, aggregate $2,400,000, and of
steam vessels $2,250,000. The cargoes lost
would bring the total up to a very high
figure.
STEAMER LEOXA STRIKES SXAG.
Run Ashore and Dnniage Success
fully Repaired.
The steamer Leona, of the Oregon City
Transportation Company, had an accident
in the Willamette River, above Corvallis,
several days ago. While coming down
stream, heavily loaded, she struck a snag,
which caused a leak under the boiler of
the boat. The steamer was run ashoro
successfully, where the damage was
patched up, and she Is again in operation.
The boat has a contract to convey 25,000
bushels of wheat to the flour mills at Cor
vallis. The Government has done no snag-pulling
on the upper river for two years, ow
ing to lack of funds. The river Is falling
now, so that navigation Is getting more
precarious. Several weeks ago the Ruth
was sunk by an encounter with a snag,
and repairs to the boat are entailing a
great deal of expense. On Yamhill River
navigation Is Impeded by trees that fall
across the stream. It is frequently neces
sary for the Altona to tie up to the shore
while all hands clear a passage with saws
and axes.
LOST HER ANCHOR.
Scottish Minstrel Meets With a Mis
hap in the Harbor.
The British ship Scottish Minstrel start
ed seaward yesterday morning, but before
getting out of the harbor met with an ac
cident that delayed her departure. She
had gained pretty good headway when
passing the elevator dock, and the crew
was lifting the anchor, which was dang
ling just above the surface of the water.
Something parted, and the big mudhook
went to the bottom of the Willamette, fol
lowed by about 130 fathoms of chain. The
windlass spun round like a top, and the
ship had so much headway that It could
not be checked until every link in the
chain was out and whistling through the
hawse-pipe. When the vessel's headway
was checked the other anchor was dropped
and the voyage was over for the day.
The Star Sand Company secured the con
tract for raising the anchor and chain,
and will probably have It back aboard
the ship today.
ANOTHER WHEAT CARGO.
German Bark Selene Keeps Daily
Average Good for Month to Date.
The daily grain cargo which this port
has averaged since January 1 was sup
plied yesterday by G. W .McNear. who
finished loading the German bark Selene,
making a total of IS wheat and flour
cargoes already this month. The delayed
arrival of the Hatisu and Indravelli will
prevent the cargo-a-day average being
kept up through the rest of the month, but
there will be three or four more finished
before February L The mammoth Reln
bek will finish early next week, and as
the will carry about two ordinary cargoes
she will be of material aid in bringing up
the average of some of the vessels that
fell short of the regulation 100.000 bushels,
which Is the usual cargo from this port.
The 17 wheat cargoes that have cleared
carried 1,730.000 bushels of wheat The
Renfleld and the Blackbraes will also fin
ish next week.
FLEET MOVING AGAIN.
Half a Dozen Grain Ships Take Their
Departure for Europe.
An east wind and a smooth bar at the
mouth of the river yesterday released an
other fleet of deep-water ships, Ave ves
sels, carrying over 15,000 tons of wheat
and flour; crossing out at high water. The
Formosa, with flour, was the first of the
bunch to get away, and was followed at
noon by the Susanne, La Rochefoucauld,
Bardowle and Palatlnla, all except the
latter going to Queenstown or Falmouth
for orders. The French bark Mollere
sailed In the afternoon for San Francisco,
where she will load wheat.
Another of the In-bound fleet, the Wlnds
braut, crossed In at 2 o'clock, after a
good passage of 61 days from Valparaiso.
The British bark Galgorm Castle, which
arrived in Tuesday, left up yesterday, and
will reach Portland today. The Cambrian
Warrior arrived up yesterday morning.
RUMOR UNCONFIRMED.
Report of Alleged Steamship Consoli
dation Not Generally Believed.
NEW YORK, Jan. 23. Diligent inquiry
in shipping circles failed to confirm any
particulars of the statement In the Dally
Express of a meeting of Trans-Atlantic
steamship owners held in London at
J which all the owners of vessels plying
between British and American ports were
Invited to coma into a gigantic pool, says
the London correspondent of the Herald.
This pool was to regulate freight tariff
on the North Atlantic There was even
some detail given of what the pool ex
pected to accomplish. It was pointed out
that the men who would have certainly
taken part if such a conference had only
been held are now either in New York or
are expected to arrive on the Celtic
REPAIRING THEASIE.
Large Xamber of Bids "Will Be Sub
mitted for the Work,
The overlooker which the owners of the
French bark Asle are sending to Portland
to look after the repairs to the capsized
bark has not yet. reached the city, and
pending his arrival nothing Is being done
on the vessel. That there will be some
spirited competition for the job Is ap
parent by the number of bids that will
"be submitted. The Union Iron "Works and
Rlsdon Iron Works, of San Francisco,
have both had experts here figuring on
the work, and Victoria and Seattle Arms
have also had men. here, and will prob
ably submit bids. In addition to these
there will be not less than half a dozen
bids from local men. The other unlucky
French vebsel, the Henriette, will be sold
at auction as she lies in Astoria Harbor
next Wednesday, and her cargo will prob
ably be sold'at'the samo time.
PEMBROKESHIRE "WHEAT SOLD.
Eight Hundred Sacks "Which Were
Dumaged Aactloned Off.
ASTORIA, Jan. 23. Eight hundred and
fifty sacks of damaged wheat from the
British steamer Pembrokeshire were sold
at auction here this morning. Tha. sacks,
which contained about two bushels each,
were sold In lots of 10. The first lot
brought 50 cents per sack, but the price
Increased and some sold for 51 15 per sack.
The wheat was only slightly damaged by
water and steam.
Anita Again In Commission.
The gasoline schooner Anita has been
placed in commission again, and left out
this afternoon for Ncstaucca after the bal
ance of the salmon pack of the Kiernan
cannery.
Wreckage From Longr-LostShlp.
VANCOUVER. B. C. Jan. 23. News
was received today by the steamer Moana
from Australia of the finding of wreckage,
apparently belonging to the British ship
Manchester, the vessel that sailed more
than 20 months ago from New York, with
a cargo of petroleum, and was never heard
of. The wreckage was found among the
Marshall Islands. A large number of oil
cans, marked "Chester & Idewater Oil
Company," of New York, were found, as
well as the bodies of three white men. Let
ters were also found addressed to a man
named Julius Schwartz, who apparently
was one of the sailors. Traces of a camp,
built by others than natives, were also
discovered.
Fast Ocean Line's Terminal.
LONDON, Jan. 23. Lord Strathcona and
Mount RoyaJ, the Canadian High Commis
sioner, has received a deputation from the
Bristol Chamber of Commerce, which
urges Bristol's claims to become the ter
minal port for the proposel Canadian
fast mall service Lord Strathcona has
promised to submit this matter to the
Canadian Government, but he pointed out
that the new Avonmouth dock was not
likely to be completed In time.
Steamer Pcnnlnnd Floated.
PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 23. The steam
ship Pennland, Philadelphia for Antwerp,
which went aground yesterday on Cherry
Island Flats, got off uninjured.
.
Domestic and Foreign Ports.
ASTORIA, Jan. 23. Left up at 10 A. M.
British bark-Galgorm Castle and schooner Com
peer. Sailed at 10 A M. British bark For
mosa, for Queenstown, for orders; steamer
Elder, for San Francisco. Sailed at 12 M.
German ship Susanna, British ship Bardowle,
French bark La Rochefoucauld, for Queens
town, for orders; British steamer Palatlnla, for
St. Vincent, for orders. Sailed at 12:30 A. M.
French bark Mollere. for San Francisco. Sailed
at 2 P. M Schooner Itoy Somers, for San
Francisco. Arrived In at 2 P. M. German
bark AVlndsbraut, from Valparaiso. Condition
of the bar at -4 P. M., rough; wind east; weath
er hazy.
San Francisco. Jan. 22. Sailed at 9 P. M.
Steamer Charles Nelson, for Portland. Sailed
at 3.15 P. M. Steamer Alliance, for Portland.
Hoqulam, Wash., Jan. 22. Sailed Schooner
Alice, from Aberdeen, for San Francisco;
schooner Mary Dodge, from Aberdeen, for Hilo.
Sailed Jan. 23 Steamer Homer, from Hoqulam,
for San Pedro.
QueenFtown, Jan. 23. Arrived Oceanic, from
New Tork; Belgenland, from Philadelphia.
Hamburg. Jan. 23. Arrived Graf Waldersee,
from New York.
Seattle. Jan. 23. Arrived Farallon, from
Skagway; Pleiades, from San Francisco.
Sailed Xlcaria, for San Francisco; Progreso,
for San Francisco.
Tacoma. Jan. 23. Arrived Steamer Al-KI,
from Alaska; steamer John S. Kimball, from
San Francisco.
New York, Jan. 23. Sailed La Savole, for
Havre; Koln, for Bremen. '
Sydney, N. S. "W., Jan. 23. Arrived previ
ouslySonoma, from San Francisco, via -Honolulu
and Auckland.
Liverpool. Jan. 23. Arrived Ionian, from St.
Jo.hn. N. B.; Teutonic, from New York.
Suez, Jan. 23. Arrived Glenroy, from Ta
coma, for London.
San FranclBco. Jan. 23. Sailed Steamer Cor
onado. for Gray's Harbor; steamer Alliance,
for Astoria; schooner Lilly, for Umpqua;
schooner Glen, for Coos Bay. Arrived Steam
er Empire, from Coos Bay; ship Charmer, from
Comox.
Seattle, Jan. 23. Sailed Jan. 23 Steamer
City of Seattle, for Skagway. Arrived Jan.
22 Bark Diamond Head, from San Francisco.
San Diego, Jan. 23. Sailed Schooner Court
ney Ford, for Port Townsend.
Lorlllard Stock Farm Sold.
NEW YORK, Jan. 23. It is reported
that the Rancocas stock farm, situated at
Eatontown, N. J., has been sold, the pur
chaser being Mr. 'Tucker. The farm com
prises 83 acres, Including a half-mile track
and buildings. It will be remembered that
the late Pierre Lorlllard, who founded
Racocas, bequeathed the property to Mrs.
Lillian Barnes Allien. Soon after this
was made known. It was said that nego
tiations were under way for the purchase
of Rancocas from Mrs. Allien by young
Pierre Lorlllard and other members of
the family, who were desirous of retaining
the famous farm. But the negotiations
fell through at that time.
Insurance Companies Merged.
NEW YORK, Jan. 23. A provisional
agreement has been signed whereby the
Imperial Assurance Company and Impe
rial Life Insurance Company are to be
amalgamated, cables the London corre
spondent of the Journal of Commerce. The
new company will be called the Imperial
Alliance and will take over the entire as
sets and business of all three Institutions.
The staffs of both Imperials will be re
tained by the Imperial Alliance as Insist
ed upon by General Manager E. Cozens
Smith, of the Imperial.
Twelve Times Married.
DUBLIN, Ind., Jan. 23. Philip Veldel
burg, of Madison County, undoubtedly
holds the record In Indiana for marriages.
He Is 58 years old, and has been married
12 times. He is the father of 32 children.
It is said Veldelburg hopes to live long
enough to marry his 13th wife. He was
born in Germany, and came from a family
whose ancestors settled in New York
during the colonial period.
Specially Fine Champagne.
Note the remarkably fine and breedy
quality and dryness of G. H. Muram's Ex
tra Dry now imported, resembling the fa
mous 1SS9 vintage, better than the 1893.
Importations 120,359 cases in 1901 nearly
60.000 more than any other brand.
Lord Mayer of Dahlia.
DUBLIN, Jan. 23. Timothy C. Har
rington, member of Parliament for the
Harbor division of this city, has been re
elected, Lord Mayor of Dublin.
COMMERCIAL EXPANSION
INCREASED FOREIGN MARKETS . A
NECESSITY TO UNITED STATES.
Reciprocity as a General Policy Is
Inadequate and Not Feasible
Europe's Trade HostUlty.
NEW YORK, Jan. 23. At the , regular
meeting of the New York Credit Men's
Association, Charles A. Gardiner, of the
bar of New York City, spoke on "Com
mercial Expansion of the United States,"
saying In part:
The most vital economic problem now
confronting this nation is the expansion
of our foreign commerce. Agriculture -Is
no longer our dominant Industry. Fol
lowing the commercial evolution of Eu
rope, within the past few years the great
economic energies of this continent have
shifted from agriculture to manufactures;
and so stupendous and illimitable are the
forces pouring into our new Industries
that like an overwhelming tidal wave
they have filled up the home' markets,
and rushing irresistibly onward have
Atbii.lA SrJSAMSmP MAilUxlclll 1A iOW LOADi.tU OO V JiOolJi.N V S10ii.S AT AU-ibivA jUuoiv.
Th big Austrian steam fhlp Margherlta, now loading at this port In the Government transport service. Is receiving her
cargo at a rapid rate, and by noon today nearly all of the hay will be on board. The oats will next be stowed, and after the
holds are full the cargo will be topped ott with a deckload of lumber. The Margherlta Is a new vessel, and, like all of the
craft which have recently visited this port under the Austrian flag, is an enormous carrier for her tonnage. She will complete
her cargo In time to sail next week.
flooded all the markets of the world. In
five years our exports have exceeded our
Imports by $2,500,000,000. Foreign nations
are alarmed and are following Austria's
advice to "fight shoulder to shoulder
against the common danger." Thought
ful Americans are solicitous for the fu
ture. They realize that our manufactur
ing energy is abnormal. If It grows with
its present momentum and constantly in
creasing markets are not provided, the
result must be a hopeless glut In produc
tion, stagnation of manufactures, strikes,
panics, and general prostration of Indus
tries and trade. Hence the supreme
question how to enlarge our markets and
expand our foreign commerce?
Reciprocity as a General Policy Not
Feasible.
Reciprocity Is offered as a universal
panacea, but we know little about it.
Protection we know. II has grown with
our growth and expanded with the na
tion. The policy of no section, it is con
tinental and American. For 125 years
it has been as fundamental to our com
merce ag Is the Constitution to our Gov
ernment. Foreign nations have always
recognized It and have made their treat
ies and adjusted their trade relations on
the basis of our established protective
system. Free trade, also, we know. As
commerce Justified, we have graaually
reduced our tariffs. In 1900 our total im
ports were $S49,S41,184. and our free Im
ports $3C7,336,8C6, or 43.2 per cent of 4he i
whole. Excepting England and Germany,
our free Imports are the largest in the
world; while within our continental
bounds 49 great and prosperous common
wealths enjoy the most perfect free trade
and over the greatest area ever known
in history.
But what Is reciprocity? "It Is 'an easy
word to say." remarked Andrew Carne
gie, "but a difficult policy to Inaugurate."
That Is the trouble, and no more cogent
truth has been stated on the subject.
"Reciprocity." says Senator Lodge, "Is
an Integral part of the protective sys
tem." No more an Integral part than Is
fmi tmrif Thi two atp. antagonistic
economic principles. Reciprocity reduces J
duties, disintegrates protection, and leads
straight to free trade. As a general
policy, also. Is Is fictile. The essence of j
reciprocity is the concession of special
tariff rates to one country at the expense
of others. If reciprocity should be ex
tended, concessions would multiply; and
should it become general and concessions
be made to all, then all concessions to
one would necessarily be nullified. Trade
would resume its natural course Our
protective tariff would be reduced with-
r
UNIVERSITY OF OREGON PROFESSORS
RESIGN TO GO EAST.
PROFESSOR F. L. WASHBURN. PROFESSOR E. D. RESSLER.
ST. PAUL, Jan. 23. The State Board of Regents of the University of Minne
eots. today elected Professor F. L. "Washburn, of the Oregon State University, to
succeed the late Otto Lugger aa-etate entomologist.
U1VEKSITT OF OREGON, Jan. 23. Professor F. L. "Washburn, whose resigna
tion from the chair of biology has been accepted by the Board of Regents, to take
effect February 1, has been elected state etomologlst In the State University of
Minnesota. This position carries a salary of $2400 a year, and the Legislature
appropriates annually $5000 to be expended In research work. The work in the
"University of Minnesota requires a minimum amount of teaching, practically all
the time being given to research work. Professor "Washburn has be'en Identified
with the University of Oregon for the past seven years, his work being In the
department of biology, which also Included a pre-medlcal course for advanced
etudents. In 1800 he was appointed state biologist by Governor Geer. Previous
to his cominr to the State Unlveislty Professor "Washburn was for six years
etomologlst at the state experiment station at Corvallis. He Is a graduate of
Harvard University, and Is 41 years of age.
Assistant Professor E. D. Resaler, of the department of education, whose res
ignation takes effect October 1. received his A. B. degree from Otterbeln College,
' and his A. M. from the Ohio State University. From. 1S07 to 1001 he was Super
intendent of the Eugene public schools, in which he built up a splendid curricu
lum. Last June he "was elected as assistant professor In the department of "edu
cation, and his work in this line has been the subject of much favorable com
ment. He resigns to pursue post-graduate studies In an Eastern university.
fctte
out the slightest gain In foreign mar
kets. Hence, if carried to Its logical con
clusion, general reciprocity could only re
sult In general reduction of customs all
around the world, and the circle com
pleted, the result would be universal free
trade. Its general application, moreover,
wourd revolutionize our International re
lations.. It would - abolish our historic
policy of equity to all nations, special
privileges to none; it would abrogate the
"most favored nation" treaties; finally It
would lead to reprisals, trade wars and
all those International entanglements
against which Washington particularly
warned us.
President SIcKlnley and Reciprocity.
Why is It assumed that reciprocity, and
reciprocity alone, will expand our com
merce? It is" based on a mistaken con
ception of President McKInley's address.
He did not advocate reciprocity as a gen
eral or permanent policy. He did not
claim it as an Integral part of our Indus
trial system. He simply called attention
to our "almost appalling" prosperity un
der protection, and suggested reciprocity
without Injury to the home market as an
experimental outlet for our surplus.
But no single panacea can better our
trade with all the world. Reciprocity Is
only one of many valuable aids, some to
be used in one country, some in another.
The commercial situation is ever compli
cated. We must analyze It, segregate
natlon frdm nation, consider our trade
relations with each, and then suggest
such specific remedies as specific condi
tions reculre.
European Reciprocity Impracticable.
Europe, said Washington, has Its own
"set of primary interests which to us
have none or a very remote relation" so
remote In fact that we have ignored them
In making reciprocity treaties or other
compacts with the rest of the world. But
a reciprocity treaty with any nation In
the Continental system would flagrantly
violate the principles of the Farewell Ad
dress, heretofore observed jus the corner
stone of our International polity. The
pending French treaty, for Instance,
would admit French goods to- our market
20 per cent cheaper than similar British
goods. If similar treaties were made
with Germany, Italy, and other Continen
tal rivals of England, British trade .with
us would be ruined. "Free trade Eng
land," says Senator Xdge, "cannot make
reciprocal arrangements with other na
tions, because she has nothing to give."
But how long would that continue? How
long would England tolerate such gross
and palpable Injustice? Swift retalia
tion with tariffs and preferentials
throughout the British Empire would
place an embargo on our commerce and
drive home our goods from the four quar
ters of the globe. We could better afford
sacrifices In our Continental trade than
such retaliation from our largest and.
most friendly customer.
Europe's Trade Hostility.
Austria, purchasing only one-half of
1 per cent of our exports, and even
then selling us 27 per cent more than she
buys, Is Inciting Europe to a bitter trade
war. "The peoples of Europe," said her
Minister of Foreign Affairs, "must fight
shoulder to shoulder against the common
danger (American exports), and must arm
themselves for the struggle with all the
means at their disposal." Italy's present
Admiral and former Minister also re
cently used this language: "The peace
of Europe would perhaps lead European
nations to consider the possibility and ne
cessity of uniting against America . . .
as the future of civilization will require
them to do." France Is intensely agi
tated, and demands reciprocity; and Ger
many, next to Austria, bitterly resents
our Invasion of her markets, and her
Parliament Is even now proposing to en
act the highest tariffs ever Imposed on
American exports. Why such fervid
rhetoric and Ill-advised action? We are
stjll Europe's second-best customer; wf
are threatening no commercial wars; we
have committed -no trade crimes or mis
demeanors; our policy Is as it has been
for 125 years. Europe's only Indictment
against us is that we have grown gVeat,
powerful, self-productive, and Independ
ent of hen products. That Is true, but
we do not Intend to stop growing, nor
curtail our commerce, nor reverse our
trade policies. When Europe wants our
food products, she will, as heretofore,
buy them or go without. When she
wants our cotton she must buy It or
shut down 'her mills. So with nearly all
her American purchases. "It Is folly In
one nation to look for disinterested fa
vors from another," said- Washington,
and Europe following the rule buys not
as a "disinterested favor" to us, but be
cause she Is today more dependent for
her Imports on America than on any
other single nation In the world.
America Is determined to cause no
avoidable commercial Injury to Europe,
so Europe should cause none to us. We
want no trade wars anywhere: we desire
peace and amity with the Continent as
fervently as we do with the rest of the
world. In case, however, of Irreconcila
ble trade conflicts, we must follow the
advice of Washington and Adams, and
still, as heretofore, "consult our rights
and duties, and not our fears."
Such an anomaly as our Central and
South American trade exists nowhere else
In our commerce. Reciprocity alone Is no
adequate relief; It Is one only of the many
material and political aids that must be
invoked. An isthmian canal, banks of ex
change, and particularly coastwise steam
shipsmeans for transporting and paying
for the goods will expand our commerce
In all Latlc America more than any other
material aids. It is the duty of Congress,
under the Constitution, "to regulate com
merce.." Under that authority we granted
millions of acres of the public domain
for transcontinental railways, not to aid
railways per se, but to develop trade as a
Constitutional duty. Coastwise ship sud
sidies would be the equivalent of railway
land grants. Irrespective of the merit of
trans-Atlantic subsidies, no one should
question the wisdom of reasonable gov
ernmental aid to our coastwise merchant
marine. Our pommirop with fVntrnl and
I South America Is now' largely by the grace
of our European trade rivals. Not a day
should be lost in terminating this ridicu
lous and intolerable situation, and In es
tablishing regular mail and trade lines
from the great ports of the United States
to the shipping centers of Mexico, Central
and South America.
Monroe Doctrine a Trade Mensure.
But more Important than these material
aids will be our future relations to the
Monroe Doctrine. As first promulgated by
President Monroe, It prohibited any Euro
pean power from acquiring additional ter
ritory on the Western Hemisphere "as
dangerous to our peace and safety." Three
years later President Adams claimed that
the United States was entitled to "the
right of commercial Intercourse" every
where on the two continents, except In
existing European colonies; that If Eu
rope should acquire new colonies It would
further restrict trade Intercourse, and
would "usurp to the exclusion of others
a commercial Intercourse which was the
common 'possession of all. It could not
be done without encroaching upon exist
ing rights of the United States."
Thus the doctrine, In its Inception,
was both commercial and political. It was
a protectorate, voluntarily tendered by
us, earnestly solicited and repeatedly ac
cepted by the beneficiaries, never acqui
esced In by Europe, and good only so long
and so far as we stood ready to enforce
It. The only equivalent we ever claimed
as a right from the beneficiaries was their
commerce; and even that right, although
never surrendered, has never yet been en
forced. For 78 years we have guarded
this hemisphere against European aggres
sion, unaided and at our own expense.
Witness Mexico, Yucatan, Colombia, Ven
ezuela and finally Cuba. It has been a
thankless task, and an enormous financial
burden In the case of Cuba and the Span
ish War alone. $700,000,000 already! And
what return? So far, absolutely nothing;
not even the gratitude of the protected
peoples. Yet any administration that at
tempts to abandon or even curtail the
doctrine will not represent the American
people. Indefinite, Ill-defined and vaguely
understood, yet like many other Inherited
beliefs, the doctrine Ls cherished with the
tenacity of heredity and accepted with
'the blind faith of a creed. A call to arms
In Its. defense would unify the continent.
American Commerce for Americans.
Believing In the doctrine as the Ameri
can people do, they owe It to themselves
to reassert the claim of President Adams,
that American commerce Is the "common
possession" of Americans, and not of Eu
ropeans or other powers that while we do
not want tho land, we and all other Amer
ican republics claim exclusive trade rights
in all territory protected by 'the doctrine
a monopoly, In short, of American com
merce for Americans, as against the rest
of the world. The time, too. Is propitious
to enforce that right. Europe, turning her
eyes westward, beholds a vast continent,
sparsely settled, ripe for development, and
exploited by her own people. She can
conceive no reason why she should not
possess the waste places as she did In
Africa and the Orient. She already has
her settlements and vested Interests scat
tered all over South America; she owns
the great lines of transDOrtatlon: she has
I nearly all tho banks of exchange; her
men and money are developing the conti
nentwhat right, she demands, have we
to Interfere with her plans of commerce
or conquest? We are not exploiting Latin
America ourselves, why prevent her? Not
our invasion of Continental markets, so
much as our dog-in-the-manger Interfer
ence with her South American designs em
bitters Europe against America. She
I knows, and we know, that her presence Is
1 no longer "dangerous to our peace and
' safety," why, then, prolong a senseless
' Interference? Never were the Latin re-
I publics In greater danger of European ag
gression; never was the aegis of the
Monroe Doctrine more needed; never were
its burdens and expenses so great as they
must be in the near future; and never
will our maintenance of the doctrine, our
continued defiance of Europe, our thank
less and unappreciated defense of the re
publics themselves, be so Utopian, so ut
terly Indefensible, unless we Immediately
obtain, as we can, all the commercial ad
vantages we need and demand.
The Diaz Doctrine.
Growing up side by side with the
doctrine has been the dogma of President
Diaz, "the political independence and ter
ritorial integrity of all Latin republics."
It Is indeed an amendment to the Monroe
Doctrine, a guaranty of political Inde
pendence from cis-Atlantlc as well as
trans-Atlantic aggression. It is dearer to
the Latin-American heart than the Mon
roe Doctrine ls to us. As we do not want
their land, why not accept their dogma?
Reciprocity Treaties Outlined.
I recommend the Immediate negotiation
of treaties on. the following basis: (1) In
dorsement of the Monroe Doctrine; (2) In
dorsement of the Diaz Doctrine; and (3)
preferential customs duties, of, say, 50
per cent, between the contracting parties,
either party to be at liberty to make sim
ilar treaties with any colony or sover
eignty In the Western Hemisphere, but
not with any European nation. Negotia
tions for such treaties should be initiated
by the United States as the primate of
the American system, and should proceed
not through pan-American congresses, but
directly with each protected republic.
When It is understood that we desire such
treaties, and will accept substantially
nothing else, the treaties will be made,
and our commercial rights under the Mon
roe Doctrine will thus be recognized and
established by the highest form of in
ternational obligation.
Mexico Is contiguous to the United
States, and naturally first to become
Americanized. Marvellous ls the trans
formation of the last five years. Even
now American railroads are Integrating
Its states, American capital vitalizing its
industries. American banks exploiting Its
finances and when these influences are
propelled with the overpowering energy
of this republic, under tho fostering Influ
ence of reciprocal trade treaties. Into Cen
tral and South America, we will Increas
ingly monopolize their commerce and bind
to ourselves for all time the growing ex
ports and Imports of our sister republics.
Onr Trade in the Orient.
(6) The expansion of our commerce west
ward must be on that great ocean, Sew
ard's "commercial battle-ground of the
world," where Baron Huebner beheld
"written the future history of the Anglo
Saxon race." There the nations are al
ready gathering for the mighty conflict.
England pushed the Canadian railway to
foster her Oriental trade. . Russia built
her trans-Siberian road for the same pur
pose. Germany and France and Italy
want Pacific ports and trading areas. Of
all the nations struggling for the trade of
the Orient, ours Is the only one naturally
entitled to It. London and Paris and Ber
lin, and St. Petersburg are on the other
side of the globe; but we have a P
ciflc coast line of 4000 miles. Within the
last four years we have pushed that line
2000 miles farther out to Hawaii. In the
very center of the Pacific we have one of
the Samoan group. We own the Aleutian
Islands near Japan. And now we are in
the Philippines, within 600 miles of the
gates of China.
Facing the Pacific and Indian Oceans
are 00,000,000 people, more than half the
population of the globe. Excluding North
America, the foreign commerce of these
peoples already amounts to $2,500,000,000 a
year. History shows that whatever na
tion controls this commerce controls the
trade of the world. The stake at Issue Is
stupendous. With the Philippines, La
drones, Samoa and Hawaii, our posses
sions reach across the Pacific; on all great
trade and cruising routes an American
ship Is never more than 2000 miles from
an American port; the .Pacific Itself ls
ours primarily; our territory bounds it on
two sides; our Islands dot Its surface;
and with the ocean and Its islands In our
possession, an isthmian canal leading the
Atlantic and Gulf commerce straight to
India, China and Japan, American banks
established In all Asiatic trade centers, a
great merchant marine pouring out of
every Pacific port from San Diego to Se
attle, and swelling the tides of trade that
roll back and forth over the Pacific why
should not the commerce of the Orient be
come the commerce of America In a larger
'degree than of any other nation?
Pearson Wants an Investigation.
CHICAGO, Jan. 23. Professor Charles W.
Pearson Is ready to resign from the facul
ty of Northwestern University if an in
vestigation shows that he stepped over
the limits of propriety -In questioning the
Infallibility of the Bible. However, the
professor will ask the privilege of defend
ing his action and will make a request of
the church paper for space In which to
make a statement. If It ls refused he
will seek other means for giving publici
ty for his reasons, un the other hand,
the university officials are making many
attempts to have the matter dropped.
"I do not ask that the Investigators
agree with my opinions," said Profes
sor Pearson. "I simply ask that I be
permitted to give my views upon the Bi
ble." Professor Pearson says he has nothing
to retract and has written the paper to
stand until he Is convinced that he is
wrbng. He ls, he says, willing to listen
to any argument that may be offered to
him. He has not been summoned before
the investigation committee, but awaits
its bidding and will answer all questions
asked.
Wealth of an Aged Spinster.
CRAWFORDSVILLE, Ind., Jan. 23.
Relatives of America Stripe, an aged
spinster who died this week, have since
her death discovered a rich treasure In
her kitchen pantry. In an old tin canis
ter, surrounded by broken dishes and bat
tered tinware, they found gold and bank
notes to the amount of nearly $2000. There
were Mexican gold coins bearing" dates In
the '50s, and looking as bright as the day
they came from the mint. There was also
a great roll of "shlnplaster" money of
denominations ranging from 10 to 50 cents.
It Is believed that the money was hidden
away before the war.
Buylns Chicago Bank Stock.
CHICAGO, Jan. 23. Announcement Is
made of large Investments In the Commer
cial National Bank of Chicago by promi
nent New York financiers. The gentle
men named arc J. Plerpont Morgan, James
J. Hill, Daniel S. Lamont. George F. Ba
ker, president 6f the First National Bank;
James T. Woodward, president of the
Hanover National. It Is also said several
other New Yorkers have become Interest
ed In the Commercial National Bank.
Something more than 1000 shares of Com
JZT V
l St
Under the treatment pursued before irrigations were established, six m
weeks was deemed the duration of an acute contracted disorder. If It proceed- m
ed beyond six weeks It was considered to have gone Into chronic condition. From s
statistics compiled f revn our practice in the past five years, covering over e500 9
cases, we can show that 90 per cent of our natlents have recovered in 14
days or less. It is, therefore, equally proper to hold that a case not entirely
cured within two w-ceks snust be considered a chronic one. and some compli-
cation has arisen for which the pat'ent should see a specialist? We invite free
consultation on this subject, and offer an experience of over 20 years; In fact,
we can positively assert that we have never failed to cure In a single Instance. 9
Home Treatment :
Most cases can be successfully treated at home. One personal visit Is
preferred; but If It is Impossible or Inconvenient for you to call at our office,
write us a full and unreserved history of your case, plainly stating your r
symptoms.
COLORED CHARTS (
Our colored chart of the organs, which we send free on application to any
one Interested in the subject, will be found a great advantage in "Home Di
agnosis," as well as a study for all Interested in their anatomy.
r PORTLAND OFFICE, 250K
os srnuuucu umtc, vat
iistii9iii(itiiiiiit(iiiitiiiii(ieit
mercial stock has been placed among these
gentlemen by James H. Eckels, who has
just returned from New York. The price
is understood to be about $230 per share.
At the same time Judge H. Gary, chair
man of the board of directors of the
United States Steel Corporation, has en
larged his holding of Commercial stock.
Judge Gary and Paul Morton, of the San
ta Fe, each took a portion of the 700 sharer
of Rawson stock which Mr. Eckels bought
last Summer shortly before the capital of
the bank was increased from $1,000,000 to
$2,000,000. Both of these gentlemen were
added to the board of directors at the
recent annual meeting of the stockholders.
AT THE HOTELS.
THE PORTLAND.
G L Schultr. Chicago ,B Kadtsh. Bak City
J A Cranston, city ,B J Ve3t. Chicago
V Hoazland. S F lAlfred Kolnpr. X Y
J Pllsson. France
Jas Craig. Sllverton
J W Spencer. Chicago!
C V Flojd. K C. Mo
J A Say ward, wf & ch,
Victoria
M R Sherwood. Abcrda
C H Jacobs. Seattle
Lewis Goier, X Y
A W Williams, X Y
ja acnioss. unicago
O V G Ferine. X Y
Geo Hammer. S F
E J Sklllman. N Y
J II Halny. Chicago
C B Bather. Seattle
M K Parsons. Salt Lk
A McXamara, S F
Mrs E JS Potter & ch,A McCarthy
S F
jiiuneupoiis
Miss M V McCarron,
Minneapolis
Geo GoHnir. Chtrntro
Phil Servwe. S F
S L Beary. city
Chas Gaulle. S F
A E Hutchlns. S F
J Llppltt & vf. Colfxj
M J Schmidt. S F
H C McClure. S F
Mrs R E Strahorn. Spk
E F Ganahl. Los AnpiO W KVIrh .t wf. N Y
J J Young & dau. Cal-jDr E A Lawbaugh.
sary. Can Chicago
C H Hunter. S F D B Hanson. Seattle
T H Cullom. X Y J Davis. S F
E H Cnapman. Cleve W T Cary. S F
Max Mayfleld. Boise H Hamburger. S F
R Flske. Boston "VV T Chutter. Astoria
F A Merwln. Phila Fredt?rlc Moffet. Tacora
A E Keating. Troy jD D Ollphant. city
THE PERKIXS.
C C Cohln. Corvallis jL E Lusbee. RItzvllle
Philip Cenadle. San FrMrs O R Estes.Astorla
O R Dosier. Kan City tO Mlnnaugh. Pomeroy
Claude Reed, do (Mrs M B Bosworth.
Vi V Wiley. Hlllsboro Seattle
Master Wiley. do III S Davla. Pullman
Vv H Bressey. do
.J H White. Peoria. Ill
tF A Castle. Omaha.
(Alexander Scott, do
Mrs A Scott. Omaha
,C D Crosby. Mlca.Wn
JlnCD Crosby, do
Mrs B I Butt. Dalles
J A Imbrle. Hlllsboro-
fierman Frank. do
L Dreleman. Astoria
Mrs G Dyaart. Ccn-
tralla
Chas Davis, Spokane
G B Roddle. Osakis.
Henry Roddle. do
G D Greeley, do
J M Bower. Aberdeen
A J Johnson. Astoria Mrs J M Rower
do
C S Martin. Salt Lake.Mrs Geo Saford,
do
Olef Olsen. CentrPolntlWm Blackman. Olyniu
L Darner. Indp. Or ,W A Kennedy. So Bnd
Claude Hlbbard. do Edwin F Smith.Sfrlr.g-
C M Morris, city , Held. Ill
R D Gusland. St Paul Carl Abrams, Lincoln,
J D Hatton. St Paul Or
R B Roster. St Paul D M Smith. Corvallts
J A Williams. Seattle Wm AVI ley. Aurora
W H Bradcp. city jw J Culver. Salem
A R Johnson, "WallaWJG W Reynolds. San Fr
Mrs A R Johnson, do ID M Calbralth. Park-
C A Dannerman. ) er. Or
Cleone (Mrs D M Calbralth.
Z S Spalding. Hawaii j Parker. Or.
"W H Wehrung. Hllls-jW L "Wills. Buena Vlst
boro Chas Reynolds, Astoria
M D Mahoney. Bakr C L R Mills. Astoria
"W Ballons. Pendleton T M "Witter. X Yam
C A Pague. San Fran
Virgil Witter, X Yam
Wm McGinn. Goldendl
F J Conley, Roseburs
John Snyder. Tacoma
Chas Keys, Vancouver
F J Motts, Vancouver
Jas Heating. Astoria
Mrs Heating. Astoria
C Mundles. S F
Wm "Wolf, S F
Frank O'Hara. Pendle
ton. Or
"W A Yeager. do
Jesse H Read. Tacoma
Mrs J H Read, do
S R Archibald. Rldge-
fleld. Wash
Mrs S R Archibald, do
Miss "Winnie Scott, do!
THE IMPERIAL.
C. "W. Knowles. Manager.
M Foard. Astoria E C Christ. N Y
C W Roach. AshlandiH L Bennett. Dalles
A "Wakefield. Ashland L C GUmore. Indlanap
Geo H Baker. GoIdndlJas Harris, Centralla
J C Hamilton. TacomaW W Stone. St Paul
H T Fuller. "W "W M "Wilbur, Grant's Pas
Mrs R Bmlth. "W "W IS Dundas. Tacoma
Mrs M F Green. "W "WJG H Slocum. do
E J Post. "White River F J Miller. Albany
E M McComas, PendltJF L Miller, Corvallis
E E Clever, Prairie C(H "W Kretzer, Cornells
"W 8 Xelson, Bay City
Thos Talbot, Cornelius
W D Smith. Vancouvr
E B Townsen, Albany
Mrs O Patterson. Dalla
W D Hare. Hlllsboro
W E Grace. Baker C
J Beaton, Kan City
W Kuykendall. Eugen
Mrs Kuykendall. do
C C Hogue, Albany
Mrs Hozue. do
IMrs W D Hare. Hlllsb
D McCully, saiem
M Gorman. Cathlamet
H M Cockerllne, Salem
J P Isaacs, "W "W
Frank Morrill. Chicago
Miss Carnahan, Astorl
C W Fulton. Astoria
Jay A Day. X Y
P A Stokes. Astoria
A R Shreve. Cathlam
H Hamblet. Astoria
J Llnck. Tacoma
M L Hamilton. Salem.
Mrs T P Westerdorf,
Chehalls
T O Trulllnger, Astorl
R E Stewart. Goldndl
J Brown. Denver
Mrs J Brown. Denver
A Gilchrist. Astoria.
T R Allen. Denver
THE ST. CHARLES.
C H Jenkins. Grass V
"W L Brown. Apiary
J Bryden. Centralla
John Edwards. Albany
R A McKay & wf.
Scappoose
Vv B Jennings. Or Cty
J Cole, Skamokawa
B Trlppe. do
D "W Freeman. Fish-
hawk
L Michael. Stella
A H Goddard. Castle R
Lucia Bowen. Dalles
Alice Egan, The Dalles
J C Miller. Chehalls
Clyde Watson. Glencoa
Edgar "Watson, do
F Spaas. St Paul Minn
M H Stoner. bumpter
C A "Walte. Scotts Mill
O J Bryant. Clatsknle
O E Hunter. Gobie
C H BUyer. Molalla
H T Bajtley. HSIUboro
W H White. Seattle
"W K Storey. Eufaula
B J Mills. Eagle CUK
Jos Rooney, Moro
X H McKay. Sauvies Elmer Bond. Moro
C A Hodswn. XewbergiW T Grimm. Hubbard
J D Reed. Xewberg tH Frewlng. Hubbard
C J Llttlepage. Latrll Mrs H Doty. Hubbard
J M Claney, LatourelliG Watson, Catlln
Hotel Brnniwlck, Seattle.
European, first-class. Rates, 50c to $1.50.
One block from depot. Restaurants near
by.
Tacoma Hotel, Tacoma.
American plan. Rates, $3 and up.
Donnelly Hotel. Tacoma.
European plan. Rates 50c and up.
Body Found in a" Reservoir.
CHEYENNE, Wyo., Jan. 23. The body
of W. C. Johnson was found today In tha
city water-works reservoir at Douglas.
Wyo. Johnson disappeared several days
ago, and It Is believed that he committed
suicide while temporarily Insane. John
son formerly lived In Florida, where ho
owned immense phosphate beds and was
at one time worth several million dollars.
He came to Douglas from Idaho.
Spirit of Combine In England.
LONDON. Jan. 23. Guest, Keen &. Co..
of Dowla Island, Cardiff, who recently
absorbed the Cyfarthfa Iron Works and
colliers, have. It Is announced today, com
pleted arrangements to acquire the busi
ness of the Nettfolds. big screw wire man
ufacturers of Birmingham.
Canadian Editors' Excursion.
SALT LAKE CITY, Jan. 23. Nearly 100
members of the Western Canadian Press
Association arrived here today, homeward
bound from their excursion to the Coast.
STRICTLY RELIABLE I
a
Dr.Talcott&Co.l
SPECIALISTS
Practice Confined to
DISEASES AND WEAKNESS OF
CONTRACTED DISORDERS I
ALDER STREET, COR. THIRD
luari&et street, uor. aixtii.