(THE MOUSING QEGOyiAH, SAISHDA?, JANUARY 11, 1902.
c
Entered at the Postofflce at Portland, Oregon,
on second-class matter.
" REVISED SUBSCRIPTION KATES.
By Mall (postage prepaid). In Advance
Daily, with Sunday, per month $ S3
Dally, Sunday excepted, per year 7 00
Dally, with Sunday, per year 9 00
Sunday, per .year ........................ 2 00
The Weekly, per year 1 BO
Tho Weekly, 3 month BO
To City Subscribers
Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays excepted-15o
Dally, per w eek. delivered. Suddays lncluded.20c
POSTAGE RATES.
United States. Canada and Mexico:
10 to 14-page paper .....lc
14 to 2S-page paper -c
Foreign rates double.
News or discussion Intended lor publication
in The Oregonian should be addressed Invaria
bly "Editor The Oregonian," not to the name
of any Individual. letters relating to adver
tising, subscriptions or to any business matter
should be addressed simply "The Oregonian."
The Oregonian does not buy poems or stories
from individuals, and cannot undertake to re
turn any manuscripts sent to It without solici
tation. No stamps should be Inclosed for this
purpose.
Eastern Business Office, 43. 44. 45. 47, 48. 40
Tribune building. New York City; 4C9 "Tho
Rookery." Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth special
agency. Eastern representative.
For sale In San Francisco by L. E. Lee, Pal
ace Hotel news stand: Goldsmith Bros., 230
Sutter street: F. "W. Pitts. 100S Market street;
J. K. Cooper Co.. 740 Market street, near the
Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear, Ferry news
stand.
For sale in Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner.
239 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, 108
So. Spring street.
For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co.,
217 Dearborn street.
For sale in Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 16L.
Farnam street.
For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News
Co.. 77 W. Second South street. .
For sale In Ogden by W. C. Kind, 204 Twenty-fifth
street, and C. H. Myers.
On file at Charleston. S. C. In the Oregon ex
hibit at the exposition.
For sale in Washington. D. C, by the Ebbett
House news stand.
For sale in Denver. Colo., by Hamilton &
Kendrlek. 006-012 Seventeenth street.
TODAY'S WEATHER Fair, with easterly
winds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 53; minimum temperature, 37; pre
cipitation, none.
PORTLAND, SATURDAY, JANUARY 11
MERGER AXD Q.UERY.
From "his repeated attempts at defense
of the merger of the Great Northern,
Northern Pacific and Burlington, It Is
evident that Mr. James J. Hifr Is 111 at
ease. He realizes that the merger is
"up against" a powerful public senti
ment in Minnesota and In states fur
ther west; and he labors hard, persua
sively; to explain and convince. His ef
fort Is to show that the great combina
tion for which he Is sponsor is neces
sary for defense of the interests of the
Northwest, against competitbrs who
would build up other sections, at their
expense. He argues that rates do not
depend on the question or fact whether
there is separate ownership of roads or
combination of ownership of many in
one; that "the rates do not depend upon
whether one man owns the capital stock
or another whether the capital stock is
owned by 10 men or 1000, by individuals
or by corporations." There Is an eco
nomic truth here, yet it is not always
a practical truth. Few believe that
competition is yet eliminated, or can be
eliminated safely as a factor In com
mercial affairs. At any rate, most per
sons contend against such idea. They
do not see it so. Hence the opposition
to the merger, which Mr. Hill finds so
troublesome. As to rates, it is a ques
jUoh,'iravTDumlng question, lc -allw our
'newer states. Governor "White, of North
Dakota, declined to take part in the
conference called by Governor Van
Sant, of Minnesota, and thereby has
drawn fire upon himself from leading
newspapers that have denounced the
merger as being against the interest of
producers. The Minneapolis Times pro
pounds these questions as to rates:
Does Governor White, of North Dakota, know
that the Great Northern rate on -North Dakota
wheat from Ross to Minneapolis. 556 miles,
equals the Minneapolis rate to Liverpool? Does
.he know that tho Great Northern giin rate
from Fargo to Minneapolis; 233 miles, equals
the Chicago rate to New York, four times the
haul? Does he know that for a haul of COO
miles Into either Minneapolis or Duluth Mr.
Hill charges North Dakota farmers three times
tho rate from Chicago to Baltimore? Does he
know that for a haul of 300 miles from tho
twin cities into North Dakota tho Great North
ern charges 0 per cent higher merchandise
rates than for the same distance southwest to
Sioux City points? Does he know that tho
Great Northern merchandise rates from Min
neapolis or Duluth to Fargo equal tho rates
from Minneapolis to Kansas City or Chicago to
Omaha? If Governor White knows these facts
what appeal from these rates does he think the
people of North Dakota will have when the
two competitive railroads have been merged
into the Northern Securities trust of New Jer
sey? How are these roads to be better able
to give North Dakota relief In rates after they
aro saddled with an 8 per cent guaranty on
Burlington stock, and have interest to meet
upon fi00.000.000 in New Jersey merger stock?
These are hard questions. They go
to the vitals of the merger. Possibly
the rates there, as in our Pacific North
west States, are as low as can be af
forded now; but the Tates In Minnesota
and the Dakotas are not likely to be re
duced by the burdens necessary for sup
port of the charges of the merger.
THE TRUE JEFFERSON.
The St. Louis Exposition and the
Lewis and Clark Centennial have nat
urally revived public Interest in Thomas
Jefferson, and a new "life" of the states
man under the title of "The True Jeffer
son" has recently been published,
which devotes a good deal of space to
the discussion of the authenticity of his
torical traditions which impute a good
deal of personal weakness and human
infirmity to the famous author" of the
great Declaration. Accepting as true
the very worst that has been written of
Jefferson as a man and a politician, it is
clear that Jefferson, If not the ablest,
was certainly the most enlightened, man
of his time. "We do 'not make much
of his authorship of the Declaration of
Independence. It is a good bit of rhet
oric John Adams and Richard Henry
Lee had discussed the subject thorough
ly with Jefferson, who, because of his
literary facility, was selected to formu
late a political philosophy that Rous
seau had made popular with advanced
thinkers in Europe.
It is true, however, that, with the
exception of Franklin,. Jefferson at the
outbreak of the Revolution was the
most accomplished man in the colonies,
measured by his possession of the cul
ture and learning of his time. At 33
years of age he was an eminent lawyer
and -fine mathematician. He read Ho
mer, Virgil, Dante and Cervantes in the
original with ease, and in his old age
he read the Greek drama in the orig
inal as a recreation. He was the au
thor of a manual of parliamentary law
that Is still one of the highest authori
ties; he was a passionate lover of music,
and played the violin so finely that Tal
leyrand pronounced him the peer of the
most famous amateurs in Europe; he
was a man of scientific learning, and
invented a plow which won him a gold
medal in France in 1790. He was an
excellent astronomer and surveyor; he
first Introduced the threshing machine
into America, and was one of the very
first to approve vaccination; he was the
first American to visit and examine
"Watt'ssteam engine, and it was through
Jefferson that the news of the inven
tlbn first reached America. Jefferson
introduced the rice plant into this coun
try. He smuggled a handful in his
pocket out of Italy and sent it to a
friend in South Carolina, He was a
student of architecture, and drew the
plans to the last detail of the State
Capitol building at Richmond, Va., and
the buildings of the University of Vir
ginia, He could sew up a wound or set
a "broken leg. He complied the vocabu
laries of the Indian tribes of North
America. As a member of the Ameri
can Philosophical Society in 1792 he
sought to raise funds to send an ex
plorer across the continent. He pro
jected the expedition of Captain Zebulon
Pike, who discovered Pike's Peak, and,
greatest of all his public acts, he bought
the Louisiana Territory and organized
the expedition of Lewis and Clark.
Jefferson doubtless congratulated him
self upon his authorship of the great
Declaration as his best title to endur
ing fame, but really the greatest acts
of his public career were his contribu
tions to expansion. Had he failed to
secure Louisiana just when he did.
Great Britain would have seized it and
never surrendered It. The fate of the
Nation would have been changed. To
Napoleon, who sold it in defiance of the
counsels of his Ministers, and to Jeffer
son, who bought it, or at least sustained
his agents who bought it, we owe our
opportunity for expansion to the Pa
cific. Had Jefferson lived in the Middle
Ages In Italy, he would have been a
Leonardo da Vinci, politician, artist,
military engineer and inventor. Had
he lived In England in Shakespeare's
day, he would have been a man like
Bacon, a lawyer, politician, diplomat,
natural philosopher, writer and dabbler
In scientific experiments.
OREGON NEEDS THE CANAL.
Owing to various reasons, at least one
of which will be noticed later in this
article, a considerable sentiment has
arisen in the Pacific Northwest hostile
to the Nicaragua Canal. Persons are
found who unblushlngly offer the hy
pothesis that the Pacific Coast will be
Injured because the canal will enable
the Atlantic States to do business with
Asia, and they actually seem to think
that a man in New York, who must
carry his wares down the coast to
within 10 or 12 degrees of the equator,
through the Gulf, through the canal,
back again to north latitude and across
the Pacific, or the man In the Central
"West, who has to carry his wares down
the Mississippi Valley and then over
the same canal route, will be at an ad
vantage with the man on the Pacific
Coast who loads his wares at tidewater
in ocean bottoms direct for Shanghai,
Manila or Hong Kong.
At the outset, a word of caution is in
order against the man who fears lie
will be set back If his neighbor prospers.
It will not hurt us, but help us, if the
people of the East and Central "West
prosper, so they can use more of our
wheat, salmon, wool, fruit, lumber and
produce. If the canal builds up a great
trading community on the Pacific Coast
of Asia, so much the better for us. So
much the more imports we shall take In
through our ports, so much more of our
products we shall sell in the Orient.
The Pacific Coast doesn't need an ar
rested South- or Mississippi Basin so
much as it needs more population ,there
with multiplied consuming power, for
the things we sell -them. .Beware the
man whose plans for his section require
the decline 'or stagnation of some other
section. He is an Unsafe guide.
Nobody stands to win more through
the canal than does the Pacific Coast.
"What m we need more than any other
one thing, population aside, is Increased
access to markets for our great staples.
Manufacturing centers need outlets for
finished goods, but we are not manufac
turing centers. "We are farmers, lum
bermen, fishers and stockmen. All we
have to eell is bulky food and forest
products. "We want to get quickly and
cheaply to some dense population with
heavy consuming power. Chiefly, we
want to get to Europe with our wheat
and flour, to the Atlantic Coast with
our wool and lumber. "What ails us
here is the cost of transportation. It
takes too much to carry our wares by
rail to the East or around the Horn to
Europe. This is what the canal will
remedy.
The professed fear is that the canal
will retard our manufacturing devel
opment Now, the history of manufac
turing proves that exportable surplus
follows after the way has been paved
by development for a large home mar
ket The British public supports cotton
mills to such extent that the United
Kingdom sells cotton goods even to the
United States, where the cotton was
grown. Our railroad development gives
us such a start that we sell locomotives
to Europe. We consume flour 'enough
on the Pacific Coast to have built up
mills that now export immense quanti
ties of flour. But our population is not
yet enough to establish large leather
or shoe factories,, though we produce
hides; implement factories, though we
have iron and wood.
In manufacturing, therefore, we need,
not to kill the canal to spite the East
but population and cheaper freights.
Our present industries must be enor
mously increased before they can afford
population enough and reduced rail
transportation enough to tempt factories
here. These two conditions nothing will
be more efficacious to bring about than
the Nicaragua Canal. It will stimulate
our rudimentary Industries, Increase our
population and lower transcontinental
tariffs. Incidentally, also, it will pro
mote both these ends by the furthering
effect it will have on the trans-Pacific
countries and their already growing
trade. The more railroads In China,
Japan and the Philippines buy rails and
locomotives in Philadelphia, the more
sale there will be for Oregon lumber
-for bridges and ties. The more cotton
the South sells to Asia, the more flour
we shall sell, both to Asia and to the
South. -
No one should be ingenuous enough to
suppose that the feeble opposition re
cently aroused on the Pacific Coast to
the Nicaragua Canal is due to sporadic
Impulses In isolated centers of patriotic
reflection. Things of this sort do not
arise from spontaneous generation.
Look ,f or the interests that have an ob
ject in defeating the canal, and you will
be on the right track. Railroads!
Here we have "Winter weather the
most beautiful and delightful. Bright
skies and balmy air, and roses and
many other flowers in bloom. In all
yards and gardens. Barely a touch of
frost in the open air at night Atmos
phere so clear that mountains 200 mlle3
distant are clearly visible. "We call it
"Winter weathe, only because It is Win
ter time; yet in our Pacific States we
have no "Winter, as "Winter Is known on
the east side of the ridge of the conti
nent If people over there knew what
the climate is here, they would come
in multitudes. But when tojd they are
skeptical. It la only when they come
to see and stay long enough to enable
them to know" that they believe. Such
never live elsewhere than on our Pacific
Slope again.
SYMPATHY SOWING CRIME.
There are exceptions to all rules, and
while man is accounted a reasoning
being, large numbers of the race act in
matters of supreme importance not
from reason at all, but from prejudice
or equally pernicious sympathy. What
should be done with our young mur
derers, "Wade' and Dalton? Numbers of
persons whose letters The Oregonian de
clines to print, and some whose desires
have found expression in our news col
umns, refer thl3 question to their own
emotions as they contemplate the young
men whose careers are about to end on
the gallown. They think it would be a
humane and exemplary thing to pardon
them or at least to commute the sen
tences of one or both.
It is sometimes permissible to answer
a fool according to his folly, lest he be
wise in his own conceit; and If pity and
sympathy are to govern, why Is It these
sentimental persons so soon forget the
happy home outraged and blighted by
the murder of a son and brother, duti
ful, exemplary, kind; the young woman
looking forward joyfully to the wedding
day; the young life Itself snuffed out
by cruel hands that he had never
wronged? "Where Is the sympathy that
should be felt for the innocent persons
these young scamps have terrified and
robbed by night In many towns of the
Pacific Coast?
But the true answer to these people Is
not according to their folly, for sympa
thy and pity, for victim or condemned,
has no place In the decrees of justice
or their execution. Emotions are wisely
subordinated in our social system to
law, and the question is, "What does
law provide? Upon this ground, the
true ground, there is no room for doubt
These men have violated the law, and
thereby have incurred the appointed
penalty. There is no justice In violat
ing the law In Its execution unless a
mistake has been made, and in such
cases pardon Is provided for. The ques
tion is not what becomes of "Wade and
Dalton, but what becomes of the peace
ful Inhabitants whom the courts and
the officers, from Governor to Sheriff,
have sworn to protect It is probable
that Wade and Dalton, released, would
return to their brigandage; and
whether they would or not it Is per
fectly certain that Immense numbers
of similarly depraved youth would take
the road, gun In hand, were they not
deterred by the threat of the very law
It Is now proposed to abrogate for their
benefit
Here Is the Des Moines Register de
manding the pardon of a man who shot
his wife's paramour and at his trial
refused to testify to her scandalous be
havior, out of desire to protect her Am
ily. "The Register," It says, "will sign
the application for this man's immedi
ate pardon." It is a most Immoral pro
posal. The law does not contemplate
that husbands shall go about shooting
every man who has been too intimate
with their wives. The law contemplates
that this offense, like every other of-
fAMca oVioll Via Ttiinla.'rtArf fn Hrift mircA f
s , -"-"" - - ""vr
iegai proceuure. ixo mso, wimiever ma
offense. Is entitled to be shot down like
a dog in the street No man, however
pure In purpose and ripe in judgment,
is empowered to act as Judge, jury and
executioner in a matter affecting his
own personal interests. Subordination
of lav to individual passion and
vengeance Is .nothing but anarchy.
Society is honeycombed, to Its peril,
with disregard of law. Crime of all
sorts stalks among us, not because of
inadequate law, but because of immoral
sympathies impeding its enforcement
There Is too much murder, because too
many murderers are pardoned. There
is too much embezzlement, because rich
men compound felonies and let the
criminal go upon return of his spoils.
There Is too much highway robbery be
cause too many murderous wretches are
allowed to escape when caught and let
off easily upon conviction because they
are good fellows, or young, or perhaps
old, or had mothers once upon a time.
They are sick and need fresh air; or
they are strong and could support their
families. Any and every excuse Is
trumped up to minimize the terrors of
the Jaw and turn offenders loose again
upon society to ply their nefarious
trades. Crime can be measurably
stopped by enforcement of the law.
Every pardon issued and every felony
compounded means a certain amount of
addltipnal crime. The fruit of tolera-,
tlon Is criminality, and when the seed
is sown it is folly to complain at the
harvest
A FAMILIAR CRY.
For some months past the Ladies'
Home Journal has been waging war
upon the "cramming process" which Is
a part of our public school system, and
especially upen the "home study" re
quirement that frequently sends chil
dren of tender years to their homes
laden with all the books that they can
well carry, upon which they are com
pelled to spend their evenings or "fail
of promotion." It is well known that
home lessons and night study are bale
ful influences that undermine and de
stroy the health of thousands of school
children every year. Protest has for
the most part been powerless to stem
this tide of cruelty against which chil
dren struggle with all of their puny
strength year-after year. The machine
must be fed, and the slaughter of the
innocents goes on.
Seeking an expression of opinion-from
parents upon this matter, the Home
Journal has met response that proves
all that it has asserted, and more, in
regard to the evils of this feature of
our public school system. Here, are a
few extracts "from the large number of
responses from parents printed In that
paper:
Compelled to bring home seven long lessons
every evening, after being in school from 9 to
4, I have Juet taken my little girl of 11 out
of the public BchooL
Only last evening I saw my boy working at
his lessons from 4 Until 0, and from S until 10,
and At the end of that tlmo ills lessons were
half done. This morning I went to the school,
but the principal could give me no assurance
of things being different. This evening we de
cided to withdraw our boy.
Last week w took our 12-year-old daughter
out of school the. second" of our children this
term.
Clever as he Is, my little boy of 10 cannot
master the lessons he brings home, although
he works until 0 every evening. Repealed
headaches decided us yesterday to tate him out
of school.
For four years In succession I have been
compelled to "withdraw- my boy before halt of
tho term was over.
Fancy compelling a girl of 10 to bring homo
a bag of books weighing nearly -six pounds.
Though coming together from wide
distances, there la that In these state
ments that finds an echo In the homes
of every city in the land. "Home work"
Is an ogre, the dread of whose presence
Is Increased rather than diminished by
familiarity; an implacable monster that
turns the evenings around the family
lamp into seasons of vexation, weari
ness and childish complaining. As a
result of the efforts to escape from this
pest of childhood, private schools have
greatly multiplied in recent years. But
this remedy Is only within reach of the
fewr-relatlvely speaking. The children
of the masses continue to suffer their
parents apparently as powerless as
themselves to abate this evil, and the
torture of the innocents goes relent
lessly on, turning out half-educated in
valids and scoring for "modern educa
tion" year after year. The folly of this
sort of thing is only exceeded by Its
cruelty.
Advices from Astoria state that the
Pilot Commissioners held a protracted
meeting Thursday, but adjourned with
out doing anything towards improving
the pilot -service. It Is stated that op
position to the applicants for bar pilots'
licenses is made by "Interested parties."
For this reason no appointment was
made. This would seem to bear out the
Impression that the pilots, and not the
"Pilot Commissioners, have full control
of the matter. The pay of the bar pilots
averaged, after deducting expenses, a
trifle over $530 each for the month of
December, and their earnings for the
year 1901 were approximately $5000 each.
Naturally, with such extraordinary
emoluments for the work performed,
they are "Interested" in keeping the
number from Increasing. Meanwhile
Portland's shipping interests are suffer
ing. Every pilot in the service was at
work yesterday, and yet all of them
were unable to make a clean-up of the
fleet that was ready for sea and had
been waiting for weeks for an oppor
tunity to get out They accomplished a
great deal yesterday, but, being too few
In number, could do no more than han
dle one ship apiece. There are nine
pilots In the service, and eight of them
went out on ships yesterday. This
would indicate that there was but one
pilot outside attending to business on
the station off the bar. At lea6t six
ships are due here, and three were re
ported off the river Thursday evening.
One pilot is not enough for three ships,
and while the nine pilots at Astoria are
drawing down enough money for fif
teen pilots, they are not doing a corre
sponding amount of work. Portland's
commercial Interests cannot be sacri
ficed by inadequate pilot service at the
mouth of the river, and If an Astoria
Pilot Commission cannot give the relief
asked, an effort should be made to have
the balance of power held In Portland,
the headquarters of those who are most
"Interested."
It was very fitting that the Farmers
Congress at Salem passed resolutions
appreciative of the work done by Mr.
C. H. Markham In preaching the evan
gel of improved farming methods and
Industrial regeneration throughout
"Western Oregon. Mr. Markham not
only preached, but he practiced, and
the section he served through the
Southern Pacific's traffic department
owes him a debt of gratitude which will
only grow heavier as time goes on. Mr.
Markham left many friends behind him
in Portland, where his office and home
life was cast, and it Is a pleasure to see
that the rough work he did s6 devotedly
over the farms 'nd ranches 6 "West
ern OregonMid not as so often happens,
prove a thankless task. It is apparent
therefore, that uniformly here where he
was known he will be wished success
and happiness in the important post to
which promotion has taken him.
" It has long been plain that paralysis
has settled upon the Port of Portland"
Commission, and plain that the paraly
sis is caused by obstinacy and dog
matism. Men are too fond of their own
opinions. It may be feared that even
the President of the Commission doesn't
know about river channels and hy
draulic machinery everything that may,
can, might, could, would or should be
known. The Oregonian has no mind to
assume the position of judge between
the members, all of whom It credits
with good Intentions. And yet It must
say, and experience slnee the commis
sion was formed 'supports the conclu
sion, that there can be no agreement
In any board of which Mr. Hughes Is
a member unless he Is the sole member.
All except himself, who have been
members of this commission, have
proven obstinate men.
The temper of the American people
on the canal bill Is well represented by
the vote In the House of Representa
tives Thursday on the Hepburn bill. It
Is seldom that such unanimity of ex
pression Is secured on any measure, and
in this the only wonder Is that two
members, one from Virginia and one
from Minnesota, voted "No" on a propo
sition so necessary to the growing com
merce and always possible military re
quirements of the Nation.
Tsl An, Dowager Empress of China,
has returned from the vast Interior of
the empire, whither she fled when the
Boxer insurrection was at lt3 most crit
ical stage, apparently refreshed and In
vigorated for the fray. Diplomats who
think to leave her out of their calcula
tions in patching up the troubles of the
empire reckon without their hostess.
Tsl An will be in at the accounting.
The unanimity of the vote for the
Nicaragua Canal bill In the House is a
dash of cold water upon secret hostility
and railroad intrigue against any real
canal measure. In the Senate. It has
been the hope to play the Panama pro
posal against any canal bill. The vote
in the House embarrasses this Intention.
Farmers have been getting all kinds
of advice at Salem. However wise the
advice may be, we trust that there are
not more people who know what ought
to be done than there are others who
know how to do It
Perhaps the best way to make Cubans
"reciprocate" is to sell them things as
cheaply and of as good quality as other
nations do. In 'fact, perhaps that's the
way to get "reciprocity" everywhere on
earth.
Perhaps in offering to sell the Panama
property for $40,000,000 the French did
not know our politicians were ao cheap.
Perhaps It is not too late yet to raise
the price.
It looks as If personal grudges were
of more importance to the Port of Port
land Commission than the Interests of
the city.'
Governor McBride Is eminently fitted
to be Governor he doesn't talk.
WHAT-IS DISCIPLINE?
New York Times.
It is true that In a so-called history,
published many months ago, he reached
conclusions different from those reached
by a naval court of Inquiry a few weeks
ago. One of these conclusions was that
Admiral Schley was a "poltroon,"
"caitiff," or "coward." But as we un
derstand the matter, the book In which
these uncomplimentary expressions were
contained was published before Its au
thor was in the service of the Govern
ment and when ho had tho same right
with any other citizen to express his
opinions about officers who were, subject
only to the law of HbeL This fact at
once and sharply distinguishes his case
from that of General Miles. Moreover,
it has been credibly reported that his
book. Including the offensive expressions,
had been read in the proofsheets by offi
cers of high rank in the Navy, subject
to the discipline to which Its author, as
a civilian, was not then subject and by
them cordially approved and even recom
mended for a textbook In the Naval Ac
ademy. Yet no official inquiry seems to
have been made In regard to their con
duct The appointment of the author to
be a "special laborer," after the publica
tion of his book, Indicates that he was
not considered to be disqualified by it for
the place from which he Is now summar
ily dismissed.
This is tho serious side of Maclay's
case. "By direction of the President"
he is discharged from a place to which
ho was appointed after due examination,
and against his performance of the du
ties of which no complaint seems to be
made. The Inference Is irresistible that
he Is discharged for not having, while not
In the employ of the Government antici
pated the finding of a Naval court of In
quiry. In the language of the Secretary
of War's reprimand to General Miles,
"It Is .of no consequence .on which side
his opinion was, or what it was." Our
readers aro aware that it Is not ours.
But unlike the Commanding General, he
had a perfect right not only to entertain,
but also to express it To punish him.
ex post facto, by putting him out of a
place, for ah antecedent offense which
did not debar him from getting the place.
If It did not even assist him In getting It
is an Injustice against which he Is per
fectly within his rights In protesting.
That the sanctity of a "chose judgee" is
retroactive, and that the closing of a
question converts Into an offense the ex
pression of an opinion upon it while it
was still open, is a step further than
even the military antl-Dreyfusards in
France ventured to go. However desira
ble It may be that agitation of the Schley
case shall be stopped, it Is more than
questionable whether this la the way to
stop it And an Administration which
takes its seat upon the safety valve of
American "public opinion occupies a posi
tion of more precariousness than dignity.
CURRENT COMMENT.
But Can They Spell It?
Both Germany and France are now sending
students to America, to learn the conjugation
o the verb "to hustle." New York World.
"Will Avoid the Bnzisnw.
Germany does not propose to fool with any
thing that is loaded, and especially nqt with
anything so formidable as the Monroe Doc
trine. Chicago News.
Their Pnrpouc DlKCOvereil.
A Chicago robber was kicked senseless by a
woman, when he stooped to pick up her pook
etbeok. Those Chicago feet were not designed
in vain. Omaha Bee.
Sad Fact.
President Draper will find many to agree
with him In the opinion that, under the pres
ent system of education, children learn too
much and know too little. Philadelphia Press.
Trials: for the Experts.
A law Is proposed in Bohemia requiring can
didates for matrimony to procure certificates
of mental soundness. This is a. good deal .to
Eskyopitf-'wfeSa!
Not So Eaiilly Devracd.
People who think a hot climate can knock
out the American soldier would do well to read
the accounts of the brushes our boys are hav
ing with the bolomen In the Philippines. Bal
timore American.
Inclined to Scepticism.
Professor Loeb's discovery of the secret of
perpetual life Is highly Interesting, but we
need hardly look for an Immediate drop In
the cost of life Insurance. Insurance people
are lamentably skeptical. Kansas City Jour
nal. Disappointed Ambition.
Mr. Roosevelt says anybody can be President,
but it takes a great man to be the captain of
a football team. This probably Is only an
other case of yearning after the unattainable.
The President never was captain of a football
team, and It Isn't likely now that he ever will
be. Chicago Record-Herald.
Foralcer's Public Service.
Philadelphia Public Ledger.
If Senator Foraker shall succeed In elim
inating Senator Hanna from the field of
National Republican politics, he will per
form a talutary service to the country.
It is only natural that a National chair,
man should seize as much power as he
can grasp, but he Is to held accountable
for the uses he makes of It. In the Jan
uary number of the Atlantic Monthly
Rollo Ogden discusses the National Re
publican Committee and .points out the
enormous powers which the chairman,
since Senator Hanna's tenure of tho posi
tion, possesses. Referring to "dictation in
both party maneuvering and public legis
lation," he attempts to trace the source
of the chairman's power:
He has, for example, millions of dollars to
disburse. There Is good authority for the as
sertion that the Republican campaign fund of
1S0S was upwards of S7.000.CCO. . . .
A chairman who Tmay determine how much
is to be allotted to this state, that Congres
sional district, this city and the other county,
becomes inevitably the master of many polit
ical legions. ... He collects as well as
pays out, and with many of the collections
goes an express or tacit party obligation, which
he alone is cognisant of. and which it Is bis
peculiar duty to see carried out. . . .
When the chairman now calls to order a Na
tional convention, he is really facing a large
number, sometimes a majority, of delegates
who are there because he willed them to bo
there. . . .
The product turned out by the party
machine under this system depends, as
Mr. Ogden says, upon tho man who sets
the machine in motion, and as instances
of Chairman Hanna's product the case of
Addicks and the Southern delegates arc
Instanced. But whether a chairman, be
an illustrious statesman or an intriguing
politician, the National chairman, under
the system which Senator Hanna has
perfected, has more power than should be
entrusted to any-man. This system Is the
exaltation of boss rule, which overrides
the people and Congress.
Roosevelt Resents Publicity.
Louisville Times.
President Roosevelt- Is offended at the
flippancy with which hie private life is
treated In certain quarters. He has long
been accustomed to ridicule by newspa
pers which failed to appreciate the
strength of hl3 character, but dealt en
tirely with his strenuoslty. But it was
not until ho entered the White House that
the sincerity of his private life was In
vaded to the extent that he cannot take
a walk or horseback ride, have a friend
to luncheon or dinner, or indulge in any
of the social amenities of private life
without the fact being heralded to the
world, and usually in such a manner as
to place him In a ridiculous light.
Partisanship Gone 3Iad.
Baltimore. American.
Only since he gave Schley credit for
Santiago has it been discovered that Dew
ey'3 victory at Manila was insignificant
In taking such a position as this, malice
has reached the point of the Incredible.
AMUSEMENTS.
"The Burgomaster," brimming over with
lively music, elaborate scenery and gor
geous costumes, played to a packed house
at the Marquam last night, and proved
a source of hilarity from the rise of the
curtain on the first act to Its descent On
the last The comedy does not lay much
claim to plot, and musically It is strong
in but three or four numbers, the hit of
the evening, of course, being "The Tale
of a Kangaroo," which Is one of the
cleverest songs ever put into a comic
opera. The chorus of Indians In the first
act ifl another capital number, and a. col
lege glee in the second made and de
served a tremendous hit The rest of the
entertainment Is a series of brilliant spec
tacles, with bathing girls, Bowery girls,
"rainy daisies," girls In street costumes,
girls In ballroom dress doing a cako walk;
in fact Elrls in all kinds of clothes doing
all kinds of specialties and all of them
pretty. There Is plenty of bright dialogue,
every part Is a comedy part, and Her
bert Cauthorn as Peter Stuyvesant, Kd
ward J. Sanford and his secretary. Doodle
van Kull, Harry de Lorme as Booth Talk
Ington, an actor, and George H. Brod
erick as the Harlem spider, all on hand
to attend to the comedy, which, aside
from the gorgeous stage picturee, makes
up the whole show. The chorus Is pretty,
and one female voice, that of Ida Haw
ley, Is unusually good. Lillian Austin, one
of the most graceful and beautiful danc
ers ever seen on the Marquam stage, Is
another member of the feminine contingent
who made an lmpresion. The rest of
the girls who became favorites did so
by the way they danced, looked or wore
stunning costumes, and there were plenty
of costumes for them to wear. '
Both Cauthorn and Sanford are German
comedians who know their business, and
for drollery thero is little choice between
them, although Cauthorn had considerably
the best of It in opportunity. Broderlck
did a remarkably clever bit of work with
a Bowery character, and De Lorme's char
acterization of the part of a retired
Shakespearean actor was well worth look
ing at All of the many songs were
mounted elaborately, and all "went," par
ticularly the Kangaroo song and Cau
thorn's entrance song, which was attuned
to the theme of keep cool.
The scenery Is all new and handsome,
and the costumes, as has been said here
tofore, ure "the limit" The show will be
repeated this afternoon and tonight.
Frederick "War fie at Salem.
SALEM, Or., Jan. 10. Cordray's Grand
Opera-House was crowded tonight when
Frederick Warde played "The Mounte
bank." A Salem audience never gave an
actor a more enthusiastic demonstration
of approval than was given "Warde to
night. At the close of the third act the
applause continued after the curtain had
risen several times, and until "Warde came
to the front of the stage and addressed
the audience. In his brief expression of
thanks the famouo actor took occasion
to congratulate the people of Salem upon
the splendid opera-house which has made
it possible for any play to be satisfactor
ily presented- Cordray has brought many
first-class attractions to Salem, and the
Salem theater-goers appreciate it
MATINEES TODAY.
"BarKromaster at Marriaam "What
Happened to Jones" at Cordray'.
At the Marquaen this afternoon, "The
Burgomaster," which made a big audi
ence laugh for three hours last night will
be repeated. The last performance will
be given tonight
At Cordray's "What Happened to
Jones," whlcn has been pleasing large
houses all the week, will be the matinee
attraction, and will conclude Its engage
ment there this evening.
COMING ATTRACTIONS.
The Pallard Opera. Ceaipaay at the
Marqaasi.
-Tke Pollard Juvenile Opera . Company,
L' which-win open a week's- engagement at
the Marquam Monday night is composed
of 40 clover little people, who have been
educated for their several parts in tho
many bright operas which make up tholr
repertoire. They were all born In Aus
tralia, and are under the supervision of
instructors while on the road, so that
their education In other directions is not
neglected while they are becoming Thes
pians. Their six weeks' engagement in
San Francisco proved a decided success,
and it will, no doubt, be repeated in Port
land. "The Village Parson."
"The Village Parson," which will come
to Cordray's Sunday and all next week,
Is a drama constructed on possibilities,
these being linked with the fact that each
part seems to have been written for the
player who. Is engaged to play It The
play Is considered one of the most In
teresting of the present day. The Interest
gradually increases as the piece proceeds,
and there is not a flagging moment or a
weak character. "The Village Parson"
requires an elaborate production, and in
this the management have provided the
entire scenery for each act
HORAE HORATIAXAE.
Horace Boole I, Ode IX.
See, dazzling .with untrodden snow
Soracto stands; the straining woods
Bend with their burden, and theTioods
Curbed by keen frost have ceased to flow.
Pile logs upon the hearth, afar
To drive, O Thaliarch, the cold.
And draw tho vintage, four years old.
With lavish hand from Sabine Jar.
Resign all else to Jove's high will;
When once ho lulls the winds asleep
That battle on the boiling deep.
Cypress, and ancient ash. are still.
Seek not tomorrow's fate to know.
Set down as gain whatever chance
Today brings forth, nor scorn the dance
Or youthful Iova's delicious glow.
Age soon will blight thy manhood's flower;
Park and parade should claim thee now.
And thou shouldst murmur passion's vow
At dusky twilight's trysting hour.
Or track the low. sweet laugh that tells
Where some coy maid conceals her charms,
And snatch & forfeit from, her arms,
Or band, that tenderly repels.
Book I, Ode XXII.
Fuscus, the man whose life is pure
And clear frorn crime may live secure;
No Moorish darts or bow he needs,
Ko quiver stored with venom' d reeds;
Whether on Afric's burning sands.
Or savage Caucasus he stands.
Or where with legend-haunted tide
The waters of Hydaspes glide.
For. while In Sabine glades, alone.
Singing of La age, my own,
I roamed light-hearted and unarmed.
A wolf that faced mo fled alarmed.
No monster so portentous roves
Through gallant Daunla's broad oak groves,
Nor e'en in Juba's thirsty land.
Thatjjuckles lions 'mid the sand.
Set me on lifeless deserts, where
No tree is fanned by Summer's air.
That zone of earth which mist and cloud
With sullen atmosphere enshroud;
Set me In houseless realms afar.
Beneath the sun's too neighboring car.
E'en thero sweet-smiling Lalage,
Sweet-speaking maid, beloved, shall be.
Boole I, Ode XXXIII.
Thou shun'st me. Chloe, like a fawn
That on some trackless mountain lawn,
Scared Idly by the woods and wind.
Seeks her shy dam to And.
If the first breath of Spring but chance
To qutver on the leaves that dance.
Or the screen lizards stir the brakes.
In heart and knees she quakes.
I chase, hut not to crush thee, child,
Like Hon grim, or tiger wild; -
Then, cease to haunt thy mother's. side,
Now" fit to be a bride.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Cuba has no Admirals. There Is hope
for Cuba.
A messenger boys strike would natu
rally be a pretty lifeless affair.
Croker has been beaten in a gclf game.
When a man's luck changes It Is all off.
Mount Hood has made Its appearance,
and we may look for the groundhog al
most any time.
A New York man 90 years old commit
ted suicide. He probably thought Death
had forgotten all about him.
Kentucky politicians are getting to
gether In Frankfort, and the undertakers
are wearing hopeful smiles.
There is a dispute in Paraguay as to
who Is President. No much misunder
standing exists at present In this coun
try. J. P. Morgan is now buying banks in
Canada. This would Indicate that he has
already exhausted the supply in this coun
try. Rudyard Kipling has gone to South Af
rica to write more poetry. Here's hoping
he'll have better luck than he did last
time.
Mayor Low has established an eight
hour day in New York offices. Isn't eight
hours a severe day3 work for a city of
ficial? You may bank on the assertion that the
man who was kicking about the weather
yesterday either has dyspepsia or ought
to have it
Before Admiral Schley receives any
more reviews, he will do well to remem
ber that heroes are unmade as quickly
as they are made.
There are well-defined rumors that tho
Boer War will end Wednesday. There is
always a chance for disagreement as to
definitions, however.
When both Congress and Parliament
are doing business. Uncle Sam and John
Bull will have no time to worry about
each other's troubles.
Mrs, Fltzslmmons, of New York, wants
her name changed because It Is the same
as that of a notorious prizefighter. If all
the people bearing tho same name as
"Mysterious Billy" Smith make the same
objection, Legislatures will have to pro
long their sessions.
Gentle and tender-hearted as Is the new
Princess of Wales to the poor and suffer
ing, considerate and courteous as she is
to those placed under fler, yet she can bo
terribly cold and cutting when occasion
requires It "Do you mind me calling you
May?" once said a very fashionable and
gushing society woman to the young
Duchess of York; "I do love your name
so much!" "Not at all," said the Duch
ess, In a dangerously quiet tone of voice,
"If you do not mind me not answering
you."
Hoffman Atkinson, who was vice-president
of the Holland Torpedo-Boat Com
pany, and whose will was filed for pro
bate recently, left all his estate to his
widow, Sophie, and the following advice
to his descendants: "I earnestly hopo
that every descendant jof mjne both maa
and- woman may be"' tsiiclSt 'aad"acqtfira "
some one profession, trade or handicraft
during, adolescence, whereby to avoid tho
risk of begging or borrowing. The shame of
stealing, begging or borrowing is best
provided against by the possession of a
profession or trade, and no profession or
trade can be degrading or low as com
pared with the shame of getting for noth
ing the fruits of others' labors."
J. Plerpont Morgan's bonus to his em
ployes was not ICO per cent of their sal
aries, but It was big enough (it averaged
about 75 per cent) to make every man and
boy In the house happy. Mr. Morgan's
Idea of a bonus at the end of a year is
that It Is more likely to do the average
man good than If distributed to him
weekly or monthly. When a clerk gets
an Increase of $40 or $50 a month, tha
chances are ten to one that he will de
spair of ever having enough money to put
into anything, and he will spend it as ho
gets it But when he gets a lump sum
at the end of the year amounting to any
thing from $500 to $10,000, he may be en
couraged to try Mr. Morgan's own ex
ampleInvest It and got more. Mr. Mor
gan saves their money for them. Tho
bonus gifts to the employes of Mr. Mor
gan's bank amounted to about $2,000.
In distributing $230,000 to his clerks, Mr.
Morgan gave them what their annual re
turns would be on an Investment of about
$6,000,000 at 4 per cent. In a way the
clerks In that bank are dividing the earn
ing of $6,000,000 of Its money.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
A Test. Clara It's a thrilling story, Isn't It?
Maud One of the most thrilling I ever read.
I couldn't skip more than half of It. Detroit
Free Press.
A Safe Bet. "Did the man who wrote tha
'Man With the Hoe' write the 'Beautirul
Snow ?" "I don't know. But I'll bet It wasn't
the man with the snow-shovel." Cleveland
Plain Dealer.
Classified. Mrs. Bargain Oh. Ethel! I hava
Just talked Edward Into giving mo the money
for a new hat. Mr. Bargain Which I shall
enter in my accounts as "hush money."
Brooklyn Life.
Apparently. "Is there any water In metals?"
asked the Instructor of the class In physlca.
"Thero seems to have been some In copper,"
responded tho joung man with the bad eye
Chicago Tribune.
Looking Forward. Philanthropist Have yoa
any plans In view after your term expires, my
good fellow? Convict A few, mum. I've got
de plans uv four country postofficesand six
private residences. Judge.
For Concentration. Desmond If you buy this
elegant fur coat, Dorothy, how are we ever
going to pay for it? Dorothy Oh. Desmond,
don't let's talk about two thlnss at oncet Let's
talk about the coat. Life.
A Juvenile Trnpresslon. "111 be glad when
I'm. a grown-up man." said the thoughtful
oung6ter. "Why?" "Because then I can get
my Christmas presents without having to bo
good beforehand." Washington Star.
The End of the Honeymoon. Mrs. Ncwlywed
(weeping) A vlllalnous-looklng tramp tried to
kiss me this afternoon. Jack. Mr. Newlywcd
Heavens! Those wretches will do anything to
get Into Jail for the Winter, won't they?
Judge. 4
Beher Is there anything In 'the paper? Lyoa
(who has been holding ihe only copy for halt
an hour or more) Not a thing; absolutely
nothing In it. Beher Smart chaps those news
paper men- To think that it took you so Ions
to flnd'lt out. Boston Transcript
Coming to the Point. Mr. Grogan What a
power o funerals they do be havln" at tha
church these days. Shure, it's shtartcd. ma
thinking. Miss Casey Thlnkin' av what? Mr.
Grogan That whin it come tolme fur my fu
neral would you be the widdy? Philadelphia
Press.
First Tramp Did you hear about that new
law fer teachln the school children about tha
effects of liquor? Second Tramp Yes. If
they'd only provided fer the appointment of a
terrible example fer each s.chcoi, at a big sal
ary, you and I might have struck a ssap.
Town and Country.
a-. AAfe- .JHMMtf.a3fcja. J-i1nftwfcii .J
.te tcsaAAaM-afir.ifetfAt. . xmumdmH
J"eJfl:f''-nii-i.nr.-inI I