THE MORNING OREGONIAN, THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1902.
13
OUR GREAT COAL FIELDS
OREGON HAS DEPOSITS COVERING
LARGE AREA.
Coal-Bearing; Rock FoHnd Ih Upper
and Lower Xehalem, TaqHlna
nnd Coos Day RegrloHg.
Perhaps no department of science Is
more worthy of our serious attention than
physical and chemical geology. Under
this head' we may consider the hydro
carbons and more especially the coal
measures, end study the deposits that
produced their structure.
When I think over the geological fields
of other states of the Union, with their
numerous coal deposits covering thou
sands and thousands of acres, with the
same geological formation which we have
In Oregon, It seems to me strange Indeed
if out of such an Immense territory we
do not possess the same material under
the same formation that exists in other
states. We have in the United States
about 200,000 square miles of territory
corresponding in geological position and
general aspect of their organic contents
with the carboniferous system in Europe.
These great coal beds of the United States
lie in six detached areas in different
states. This carboniferous age of coal is
divided into three periods, viz.:
First The carboniferous age, which was
the period of preparation.
Second The coal measures proper, the
period of culmination.
Third Permain, the period of decline
and transition to the mesozoic, where the
Thlasslc and Jurassic Is ushered in. This
is well established in Oregon.
Coal Forinnilon.
The first stage of development of a coal
f eld, either ancient or modern, must have
been flat The swamp in which the veg
etation accumulated to form the coal beds
extended more or less continuously over
the whole field. It may have bordered
upon the sea and was but little above thn
sea level, where the associated sand
stones and shales contained fresh or
brackish water. Or It may have been on
an arm of the sea. But where the sedi
ment containing purely marine shells were
deposited, It must have been caused by
the open ocean.
The gradual rising and sinking of the
field resulted in the alternate deposits of
the coal, sandstone and shale where the
same area was so slight that the strata
were laid one upon another in parallel
position, but later, after the deposit of
coal was completed, there came a time
of change. Then our Coast Range of
mountains were formed. The rock strat
um, originally horizontal, was then com
pressed laterally and thrown Into folds.
During such folding, the rocks are gener
ally broken and displaced, or folded along
lines of fracture. Coal fields, consequent
ly, have been affected in the same way.
But this is of minor Importance, and thtlr
displacement small. The student can
read all this from a book. He cannot fall
to be interested in the coal-black color of
these vegetable remains with the light
groundwork of the rock to which they
are attached. His Imagination will lead
him back to a strange scene of another
world, of a wet meadow, or a muddy cur
rent, a sluggish river or a tropical Jungle
of an age long past.
Coal Fields of Orcgoa.
Oregon has long been known as one of
the coal-produclng states of the Pacific
Coast, but no systematic effort has been
made to determine the whole field of its
geological position and distribution of the
coal-bearing rocks. When, the topograph
ical surveys have been made over the
whole of Oregon west of the Cascade
Range, it will be possible to show definite
ly the extent pf this coal region. The
coal fields of Oregon so far as yet known
all lie west of the Cascado Range, and
north of Rogue River, and mostly In the
Coast Range. But some of them occur on
the western foothills of the Cascade
Range. Four, fields will here be no
ticed: First The Upper Nehalcm coal field in
Columbia County.
Second The Lower Xehalem coal field
in Clatsop County.
Third Yaqulna coal field, in Lincoln
County.
Fourth The Coos Bay coal field in Coos
County.
Many other outcropplngs of coal have
been found In other parts of the state.
Some of them will be noted, but little can
be said of their extent, although no doubt
some erf them will prove extensive.
The Upper Nehalem coal field Is in Co
lumbia County, within the drainage of the
upper portion of the Nchalem River. lb
extends northeast and southwest a total
length, of 13 miles, and two miles in width.
The whole area Is about 20 miles square.
It contains two beds of coal, one of six
feet and the other of nine feet in thick
ness. If upon test this proves to be good
fuel, there is a demand for It In Portland
. .. ...v. j.v.iv.H. umc, uui uicie is no con
N vehience for transportation. There is not
even a gooa wagon road to the nearest
outcrop.
The Lower Nehalem coal field is situated
north of the SJehalem River, near the
County line of Clatsop nnd Tillamook
Counties. This coal field s five miles in
length and of good quality, but so far
as developed it Is only 22 Inches in thick
ness. The Yaqulna coal field is in Lincoln
County, north of Yaqulna River, and six
miles from the coast. It borders Depot
Slough on the west, and Is about five miles
in length and one mile In breadth. It
has several beds of coal, which evidently
belong to the same horizon.
The Coos Bay coal field is the most Im
portant in the state. It Is In Coos Coun
ty, upon the border of Coos Bay. Its
area is not less than 100 miles square, and
it is the largest coal field In Oregon. It
has been successfully worked, and has
largely supplied the San Francisco mar
ket for the past 50 years. It Is classed as
the lignite coals of the tertiary period.
Out of the 32 analyses of the coal from the
different .mines, only two or three sam
ples were found to be coking coal; there
fore, no objection need be made to a coal
for Its noncoklng qualities, for many of
them are far superior to the coking coals,
and may go higher In carbon, although for
many reasons a good coking coal is prefer
able. The question of coal coking Is not
fully understood. The fat, or fusing coals,
are generally the coking coals, and my
belief Is that the fat pitch coal' is a va
riety of asphaltum, and that It has not
been formed from the coal alone with
which It is associated, although the veg
etable material similar to that which
yields coal may have formed some of the
original material which, by a process of
distillation was converted ihtd pitch coal.
In short, the pitch coal has In all likeli
hood been formed in the same general
way as other asphalts which are believed
to have been the result of distillation of
animal or vegetable remains in the pres
ence of hot water or steam, for sometimes
a seam of pitch coking coal is found ,lust
above or near other coals w'hlch do not
coke. This Is only a theory of my own,
for no one can say why one coal should
coke and another should not.
Different Kinds of Coal.
Owing to the transformation, which the
substance of the coal has undergone, it is
natural to expect that the material eo
produced should have very different prop
erties according to Its more or less state
of decomposition. Many of them, indeed,
have so close a resemblance to one anoth.
er that they pass imperceptibly from one
stage to another, and it is almost Impos
sible to mark the distinction between
them, and nothing but an analysis will
make the determination. But to the ex
perienced person the associated rock is
the best gutfie. Fossil plants are charac
teristic of the period. Everywhere the
shales bear Impress of the delicate trac
ery of ferns, leaves and stems depicted
-with the sharpest outlines of forms and
characters now unknown- upon the surface
of the earth. Ferns which today creep
at our feet them towered into stately
trees with trunks a foot and a half in
diameter. These contributed most of all
to the formation of coal.
For a long time geologists claimed that
Oregon showed no fossils older than the
Miocene tertiary, but later discoveries
have established the fact that not only
cretaceous, but also Jurassic and triasslc
ferns have been found, and conse
quently older coals may be looked for.
The more modern coal of lignite char
acter is quite common. In fact, It
seems to be spread over the whole coun
try like a blanket, detached here and
there, but mostly conformable to the stra
ta. It may be seen cropping out along
the Cowlitz and Lewis Rivers in Wash
ington, along both north and south banks
of the Columbia River between. Astoria
and Portland, and along the Willamette
and its tributaries. I have examined
these strata about Xewburg and up the
valley both east and west of Eugene.
The coal generally bears ahout the same
thickness, from six Inches to two feet, but
In some places It Is found to be three and
a half or four feet thick. This forma
tion of coal Is evidently all of one age.
and Is found In the same stratified rocks,
principally sandstone of a late date, but
it differs in different localities as- to its
chemical qualities and combination,
which Is no doubt owing to the plants
of which it was formed. There can be
but little doubt that the difference in
composition and quality is due to their
nature and degree of chemical change
In the process of bltumlnlzatlon in dif
ferent localities in "which the plants grew
which formed It, for coal may be high In
carbon, ash and moisture In one place,
and In another locality the reverse, in
the same age and formation
Anthracite Measure in Washington.
Probably the oest showing of coal now
being developed in Oregon is that being
opened by the Portland Coal & De
velopment Company near North Yamhill.
They have 12 men at work on a three and
a half foot stratum and have run ISO feet
of tunnel on the vein with four feet of
bituminous shale upon which It rests.
The analysis of this coal shows the fol
lowing results, vis:
Per cent.
Moisture , 15 63
Volatile and Combustible Matter J7o)
Fixed Carbon .. 49.20
Ash 1 7.20
If this coal holds its high percentage
of carbon and proves a good producer, as
the present showing indicates. It will be a
valuable contribution to Portland for do
mestic purposes.
A four-foot stratum Is now being opened
up in section 13, township 3 west and 4
north, some six miles up Scappoose Creek,
on land owned by Dr. Glltner. It has a
100-foot tunnel run and the coal looks
equally as good as the Yamhill coal. In
fact, it Is more adherent, but as I have
no analysis of It I am not able to say .as
to Its quality. Dr. C. H. Raffety and
Frank Payne have found coal on their
land In the Scappoose country by bor
ing some 40 feet. This Is overcapped by
a heavy deposit of iron ore of good qual
ity. The importance of the association
of coal and iron in the same formation
cannot be overestimated for this reason:
The development of coal and iron mines
Is conducted in connection with each oth
er, and the smelting furnaces are often
situated at the mouth of the coal mines.
It is easy to understand, therefore, why
the greatest coal-produclng country In
the world is also the greatest iron-producing
country. Nearly all the Iron ore
worked In Great Britain is taken from her
coal measures. The occurrence of iron
ore Is In many .respects like that of coal,
for the organic matter is consumed in
doing the work of changing the carbonate
of iron to the oxide.
Anthracite coal Is known to exist in
Washington. It Is found as float In
streams on both slopes of the Cascades.
Samples have been brought to me many
times In the last 25 years, also samples of
Gllsonlte from the headwaters of the
Cowlitz River. This, to me, is positive
evidence that there is a very large and
extensive deposit of anthracite coal in
Washington awaiting development, which
when done, will solve the iron, problem on
this coast and open the way for a thou
sand stacks calling for the employment
of thousands of our people In the various
Industries that will follow. The Iron in
dustry in its various departments Is the
greatest and most Important of the In
dustries of the world, and one to which
there should be more intelligent conside
ration given than' It has received hereto
fore. My theory Is, if Professor DHIer is cor
rect In his conclusion, "that the Jurassic
and triassic beds are of unknown extent
a'nd of considerable thickness and trend
throughout the Coast Range of mountains
from north to south," older and better
coal will be found, which to my mind is
as sure, as that night follows day. Al
though the rocks of this period, aB they
approach the Columbia River, may sink
to an unknown depth, they rise again
to an anti-cllne in the anthracite coal re
gions of Washington.
The Ajge of Oil.
A new period in the world's history Is
now dawning upon us. While the pre
historic ages of Iron, gold and other
metals have given place to the age of oil
and it Is somewhat significant that this
new age Is contemporaneous with the
highest progressive development of man,
nature has preserved her greatest sur
prise for the first of the new century and
the year 1S01 will thunder down the ages
as the first of the Incomparable age of oil.
We have made the discovery that 150
gallons of crude petroleum are equal to
one ton of the best coal as a fuel; there
fore, wo may not feel discouraged about
a coal famine In any part of the world.
Our coal fields are far greater than Eng
land ever possessed, and it has been
stated that the state of West Virginia
alone contains more coal than England
ever did, end under the present economic
conditions, coal Is king. In sections
where coal Is not found In abundance,
crude petroleum may be looked for and
Its use and adaptations must keep pace
with the lavlshness of nature, for It is
natural that the various uses to which oil
Is adapted should multiply with great
rapidity. But in the development "of
L 3
mpMs-J f jU,,-
KflKgMSHHHiBsssBssisScarrAa9U3
either coal or oil, we may have no fears
of its cheapness as a profitable Invest
ment for it will ever find a ready market
wherever fuel Is needed, and that market
is now and ever will be unlimited. Ore
gon Is as rriuch an oil state as California
or Wyoming. It cannot be otherwise, for
the same conditions which formed oil or
coal in one state will form it in another.
As to the particular stratum of the
geological period in which oil has hitherto
been found, and so may be supposed to
occur in undeveloped and untried fields,
there are certain local conditions to be
considered which are necessary that would
seem to bring oil within available reach
of the surface, or to collect or store "it
away in subterranean reservoir?
Along, tho granite uplifts of all our '
mountain ranges, there is a zone of
foothills representing all the strata un
derlying the great plains; these strata are
uplifted at various angles along the base
of the granite range which was once the
shore line upon which these various
strata were laid down by the ocean.
The waves of uplifted rocks of lime
stone, sandstone, shales and clays repre
sent, in parallel rotation, the various
earth periods and their subdivisions and
subgroups from the mesozoic to the ter
tiary on granite or granlte-llke rocks,
and Is where the Indications of oil may
be looked for.
. While giving these hints and directions
for prospecting for oil, I mar say, as a
rule, that a very careful geological exam
ination should be made by a competent
expert before any expense of sinking a
well is commenced. I should be very
reluctant to accept the opinion of the
person who pronounces upon a locality
because of Its similarity to something
he has seen In Pennsylvania or any other
region, for even a skilled and experienced
oil man from the oil fields of the East is
not always a good Judge of the different
conditions .to be found In the West. He
is almost Invariably Influenced In his ob
servation of the results by those to which
he has been accustomed to in the East.
But things and conditions are very dif
ferent in the West The oil fields of the
East occur in paleozoic strata. In the
West they are in mesozoic or cenozolc
rdeks of more recent date, and he may
find both rocks and elgns and other condi
tions entirely different from what he has
been accustomed to, and find difficulty in
adjusting himself and bis ideas to the
changed conditions. And there are many
so-called authorities whose Judgment Is
unreliable and misleading.
Hindrances to the Development of
the Coal Fields of Oregon.
The coal fields of the Coast Range, are
covered by a growth of vegetation of vines
and 6hrubs, together with a large num
ber of fallen trees of the forest, and es
pecially in the ravines where abundance
of moisture lingers In Summer, which
completely covers the slopes. The coal
Itself can only crop out upon the surface
along the lines of rapid erosion, as In
the Nehalem River, which during fresh
ets sweeps Its bed, but In smaller streams
where the force of water in floods Is not
sufficient to sweep away tho mass of
logs and rubbish, tho outcrops of coal
are few artd far between. It Is there
where the older coals should be looked
for in Benton, Polk and Yamhill Coun
ties. Although tho Upper Xehalem coal
fields is but 30 miles from Portland, It
must remain undeveloped until railroad
facilities are provided. For further de
velopment of the Coast Range of xnounl
tains, we must wait for new money and
new blood to make the determination.
In conclusion, I will say that our geo
logical theories may be set aside by fu
ture discoveries, for theory Is only a cord
on which to string facts that otherwise
might be lost. Our theories may be thrown
away, but facts never. The mud fUts
and sands of the shore will be the rocks
of future hills, and the rocks of our hills,
the ocean sediment of another age. Riv
ers have deserted their old channels and
the ocean has encroached upon the land.
Lakes and marshes have disappeared; vol
canoes have thrown out rivers of lava.
All this was necessary In the wisdom and
economy of nature to prepare coal for our
use, which Is not only a necessity, but its
development and use the measure of our
civilization, and the least we can do on
our part is to search for it
J. H. FISK.
Portland.
ETHICS OF FOOTBALL.
The Game as Played Depraves the
Youth and College Life.
DAYTON, Wash.,Dec 3L (To the Edi
tor.) Every one familiar with our Amer
ican colleges must remember how a few
years ago athletics were not at all or at
most were very poorly provided tor by the
college authorities. It must be clear to
everyone that when young men are shut
up in study and recitation-rooms, or In at
tendance uoon lectures,, if some means are
not taken to keep up tho normal amount
of physical exercise, the general health
will deteriorate. This fact Is more fully
guarded against at the present day than
In the past. .The result Is a healthier lot
of young men coming out of these Institu
tions, and a wider field of usefulness.
Since the benefits to be derived are so
evident to even the casual observer, no
one with any Judgment would decry tho
tendenpy towards athletics.
But there Is another side to the question,
the danger of overdoing a good thing, fc'o
long as conservatism prevails In the se
lection of proper athletic exercises, and
the rougher field sports are debarred, all
can rejoice at the results. But today
everything seems to be turning towards
football, and that In Its roughest form.
While we can have" no doubt that such
sports make men daring and ready, as
one college boy remarked a short time ago,
to nicet anything that comes up, with
fear of no one, yet when we look at the
casualties and remember that It Is merely
for sport, we are appalled.
Any sport which endangers the life nnd
limbs of those who participate In it, can
not be so wholesome as some would like
to make It Under editorial comments. In
American Medicine for December 14 of this
year we see the following:
"Nine killed and 170 badly inujred Is the
record of football mortality for the past
season. Rev. Dr. McCook thinks the
case Is bad enough to devote a sermon
against this gladiatorial sport masquerad
ing under the name of 'athletics.' Worse
than the deaths and Injuries, however, he
thinks re the Immoral concomitants of
the game as played, the gladiatorial spirit,
the betting evil and the liquor drinking
habits encouraged, and last, the time
wasted by students. We think Dr. Mc
Cook forgot the worst thing the vicious
imitation by small colleges and by school
children. We leave out of the count the
encouragement of nolsc-maklng. Bet
ting, obscenity, profanity and malignancy
are tho effects of football upon millions
of children. We read of two rival medi
cal colleges keeping up a fight a whole
day and of having to be repeatedly sep
arated by companies of police. This Is
therapeutic education with a vengeance.
We know of the will of a still living rich
man, by which, at his death, a university
will receive a very large sum of money,
but only on condition that in the future
there shall be permitted no 'athletic con
tests' of the kind that at present dis
grace both genuine education, genuine
athletics and a true sportsmanlike in
stinct." To the above indictment might be
added, other counts, which to a physician
-C-
would have equally great weight In help
ing to form an adverse Judgment asto the
game. First among these might be
placed the effect upon the heart of a
student, whose time is mostly spent in
doors, undertaking the enormous strain of
an intercollegiate match game bf football.
Again, it 16 necessarily a game for ac
complished athletes, those who do not
need It particularly, and "therefore Is a
wasto of time; while Its violence neces
sarily prohibits the weaker boys from
participating in It. -
Tho deception which' Is allowed to be
practiced by the players, Is another ele
ment which should condemn It in tho
minds of right-thinking people. A player
will lie. still on the ground after a play
for some tlmo pretending to have been
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
KSTAHLISHED 1893.
WHEAT AND STOCK BROKERS
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Portland, Or.
hurt, in order to gain time, while he forces
20 odd other players to stand around wait
ing for him. It has been called a gentle
man's game, but It appears to an outsider
that a gentleman would not allow the
game to be delayed on his account If he
could help it. Again, the brutal de
termination to win even though at the
expense Of another's Injury, Is demoraliz
ing to manhood. It cannot be held up in
defense of the game that such risks are
often taken In other affairs, for wo must
remember that the ultimate aim of col
lege life is to make gentlemen as well as
scholars. Athletics are but an Incident
connected Tjith keeping up the physical
organism while thus engaged, and not arv
end to be worshiped. Nor is the Injury to
the players all the evil which may grow
out of such contests. The observer Is
carried away by the strenuouaness of the
game until he loses self control and Joins
the rabble In the cry of "kill them off,"
in his great desire to see his favorite side
win. The Insensibility of the average spec
tator to Injuries received by any given
player Is marked by the desire to have
said player dragged off and another sub
stituted ih order that the game may go
on. The cries that one hears at a hard
fought game would almost make him be
lieve that he were present at a bull
fight or a pugilistic contest.
I am aware that In many other outdoor
aports there Is danger of accidents occur
ring, but that Is quite a different matter
from deliberately entering into a sport
which turns upon the probability of Injury
to some one. The Injuries of baseball are
purely accidental, and can not be com
pared with those of football. Golf has
claimed its vlcltlms, and yet no one thinks
of calling it a dangerous game as com
pared to football, for every one knows
that the rules of the game do not de
mand a courting of danger as do those
of football. Such danger as rises In the
game of golf comes directly from the im
becility of the players themselves and Is
not Incident to the game. The very fact
that a defense Is needed for football Is
prima facie evidence that It is unjusti
fiable among amateurs, and Is dangerous.
A Judge of the Superior Court recently
remarked, after seeing a hotly-contested
Intercollegiate game, that the only dif
ference he could see between the game
as played and a prizefight was in the class
of people who patronized and counte
nanced them. I am very much of the
same opinion. Both show a certain de
gree of brutality, and to my way of
thinking degrade both bystander and
participants I believe in athletics, and
can heartily approve of any form which
can Ehow a good reason idr Its existence,
but I must draw the line at football for
divers reasons. X may not And many ap
provers among those who are carried away
with the game, but I know that there are
many of the more conservative among the
commqn people who are with me entirely.
A free discussion of the merits and de
merlfs of such games may be of incalcu
lable benefit to parents who have boys
whom they are desirous of sending to
college, and do not desire them to be
broken down before they can begin tho
struggle for life, or to receive Injuries
which will last themffor a lifetime.
E. H. V. P.
FALL IN ENGLISH SECURITIES
Effect of the Boer "War Severely Felt
In Financial Circle.
London Express.
The fall In the value of British govern
ment, railway and Industrial securities
during the past two years amounts in the
aggregate to hundreds of millions ster
ling. Consols, which, on the day preceedlng
the launching of the Boer ultimatum,
stood at 103, arc now In the neighbor
hood of SI, and other stocks have suffered
even more severely.
The Bankers' Magazine takes C23 repre
sentative securities from the Stock Ex
change list and shows the fluctuations
from month to month. A compilation of
these monthly figures demonstrates the
startling fact that the .net' fall In the 325
selected securities between September 19,
1S93, and October 19, 1901, amounted to the
enormous sum of 143,916,000. And these
securities, of course, only form a portion
of the Stock Exchange;, list.
But a closer examination proves that
from the British point of view tho posi
tion Is even more unfavorable. During
the period named certain foreign govern
ment stock3 and American railway secur
ities included in "the calculation rose to
the extent of about 47,000.000. As a mat
ter of fact, tho decrease In market .value
of 14 British and Indian funds during
the period named amounted to no less
than 76,392,000, the fall In the month end
ing October 19 alone amounting to 8.534,
000. Home railway stocks again show an
extraordinary shrinkage In value.
The ordinary stock of 19 British railways
fell between September 19, 1S99 and Oc
tober 19, 1901, to tho extent of 69.892.000;
14 railway debenture stocks decreased In
value by 13.32,000, and 13 railway pre
ferred stocks by 14,517,000. making a total
of close upon a hundred millions sterling.
In brief, the aggregate fall In the 14
British and Indian funds cited, and
in the 46 selected railway securities
amounted to 174,129,000.
Curiously enough, while most classes of
stocks and share's have declined, the
shares of tho 10 mines (chiefly South Afri
can) figuring in the list still show an ag
gregate Increase of nearly 3,000,000.
though In the last month of the period
they fell to the extent of 3,1,000.
Shipping, canal and dock and colonial
bank shares are among the few securities
that have risen In value since the war
began.
i t
Growing Tariff Enlightenment."
New York Journal of Commerce.
It Is an illustration of the growing liber
ality In considering the tariff that the two
most conspicuous organs of protection
East and West, the Tribune of this city
and the Inter Ocean of Chicago, have de
clared that American sugar-growers have
no need of protection from Cuban and
Philippine competition. The Tribune's
Washington correspondence reproduced an
argument originally Issued from tho office
of Wlllett & Gray, computing the cost of
sugar protection to the consumers, an
amount far In excess of ihe revenue de
rived by the Government, and showing
how secure the domestic producers were,
even If wc let Cuban sugar In free. This
was followed, by a Washington dispatch
proving that American tobacco interests
had nothing to fear from the admission of
Cuban tobacco and cigars at the rates of
duty that were in force before the McKIn
ley tariff, rates very much lower than
those of the past 11 years. The Inter
Chamber of Commerce
Ocean reckons the amount of sugar that
can come next year from Cuba and the
Philippines at not exceeding 900,000 tons,
leaving at least 600,000 tons, which must
be bought of foreigners. "In the light of
these facts," says the Inter Ocean, "the
demand of our cane and beet-growers to
be protected against Cuban, and especially
Philippine, competition Is ridiculous"." To
tax Philippine sugar In accordance with
the Payne bill, it says, is to make It im
possible for the Philippines to prosper,
and it concludes that "any way it Is
viewed, the Payne tariff is positively scan
dalous." CHICAGO'S NEW BURDEN.
Babies "Will Coat Cook County a
Qaarter Each In 1002.
Chicago News.
Cook County will have to pay 23 cents a
head for every baby born Inside Its limit
and whose birth Is reported to the County
Clerk after New Tear's Day. This Is on
account of a law which was enacted by
the last Legislature.
The object of the law was not to place a
bounty on the birth of babies In Chicago,
but to insure the recording of the births
of the babies who may be born. The
physician presiding at the birth of a child
will be entitled to collect the tax. If he
neglects his duty, the parent of the off
spring will have the next chance at the
county's quarter. This piece of sliver will
be paid by the County Treasurer upon
notice by the County Clerk that the birth
In question has been reported to -him.
"I expect this new law will cost Cook
County about $15,000 next year," said Pres
ident John J. Hanberg. of the County
Board. "There were nearly 50,000 babies
born In Chicago this year, I understand,
and I expect the number will be In
creased next year. Cook County cannot
well begrudge the money, though in the
present condition of the county's finances
every $15,000 counts."
31ornlngr Piece.
(Sea of Marmora.)
A scarlet glory burned fantastically splendid
In the sky of dawn.
The sea stretched blue and stainless.
The wind blew fresh across the great spaces.
The white ship glided across the morning wa
ters Like- a living thing rejoicing In Its grace.
A sense of largeness, freedom, purity, Infinity,
Breathed from all things.
And, huddled like animals in the bold of the
ship.
And packed'en the foredeck.
And swarming on the hatches,
And colled In tho ropes.
And seething beneath the awnings.
Hundreds and hundreds of Greek refugees
In their grimy clothes
Lay or sat or crouched.
And the miasma of their breathing
And of the odors of the night
Rose toward the radiant
And Impassive heaven.
I. Zangwill, In Llppincott's Magazine.
When you feel bad, take Hood's Sarsa
parllla. It will make you decidedly better.
TRAVELERS' GUIDE.
Write Me
A Letter
If you are going East and want
to know what the trip will cost,
when you will reach your destina
tion, where you will change cars (if
a change Is m necessary), and why
you should take the Burlington,
write me a letter.
I will take pleasure In answering
all the questions you care to ask.
Omaha, Chicago, Kansas City,, St.
Louis, Denver and everywhere be
yond. TlOKETOrflCEx Cor-Third antf Stark Ste.
R. W. Faster. Ticket Agent
Pacific Coast Steamship Co.
W far South-Eastern Alaska
( Leave Seattle 9 P. M.
Ifiro Steamships COTTAGE CITY.
lURV CITY OF SEATTLE, AL-KI.
IK2ifll Jan- . I. 15. 20. 23., 30;
lHB Feb. 4. 14. 10. 19, 2S; Mar. 1.
For further Information ob
tain company's folder. The company reserves
the right to change steamers, sailing dates and
hours of sailing, without previous notice.
AGENTS N. POSTON. 240 Washington St.,
Portland. Or.; F. W. CARLETON. N. P. R. R.
Dock. Tacoma; Ticket Office. 018 First ave.,
Eeattle. M. TALBOT, Ccmm'l Agt.. C. W.
MILLER. Asst. Gen'l Agt., Ocean Dock,
Seattle; GOODALL. PERKINS & CO., aenl
Agents, San Francisco.
WHITE COLLAR. LINE
STR. TAHOMA.
DALLES ROUTE.
Winter schedule Leaves foot Alder street
every Monday, Wednesday and Friday morn
ing, 7 A.M. Leaves The Dalles every Tuesday,
Thursday and Saturday morning, 7 A.M.
Stops at all way landings for both freight
and passengers.
ASTORIA ROUTE.
STR. BAILET GATZERT (Alder-st. Dock.)
Leaves Portland dally every morning at ?
o'clock, except Sunday. Returning,' leaves As
toria every night at 7 o'clock, except Sunday.
Oregon phone Mala 351. Columbia phone 891.
TRAVELERS' OUIDE,
OREGON
Shot Line
Union pacihg
MHD
THREE TRAINS DAILY
FOR ALL POINTS EAST
UNION DEPOT. Leave. " Arrive.
CHICAGO-PORTLAND 0:00 A."M. 4:30 P.M.
SPECIAL. - Dallr. Dally.
For the East via Hunt
ington. SPOKANE FLTER. '6:15 P. M. 7SIOA.M.
For Eastern Washing- Daily. Dally,
ton. Walla Walla, Lew
Uton. Coeur d'Alene and
Gt. Northern Points.
. i
ATLANTIC EXPRESS. 8:50 P. M. 8:10 A- M.
For the East via Hunt- Dally. Dally.
ington.
OCEAX ASD RIVER SCHEDULE.
FOR SAN FRAN
CISCO. SS. Columbia
Jan. 7, 17, 27.
SS. Geo. W. Elder
-Jan. 2. 12. 22.
From
Alnsworth
Dock.
5:00 P.M.
8:CO P. M.
FOR ASTORIA and 8 :0OP.M.
5:00 P. M.
Dally,
ex. Sun.
way points, connectlngjDally ex.
wjui sir. lor nwaco ana sunaay.
North Beach, str. Has-!
salo.. Ash-street Dock. Sat. 10
P. M.
FOR CORVALLIS and
way points, str. RUTH,
Ash-street Dock.
(Water permitting.)
0:45 A. M.
Moc.
Wed.,
FrL
6:00 P.M.
Tues..
Thurs.,
Sat.
FOR DAYTON. Oregon
City and Yamhill Riv
er points, str. Elmore,
Ash-streetDock.
(Water permitting.)
7:0O A- M.
ITues..
3:00 P. M.
Mon.,
Wed..
FrL,
Thurs.,
Sat.
TICKET OFFICE. Third and Washington.
Telephone. Main 712.
PORTLAND & ASIATIC
STEAMSHIP CO.
For Yokohama and Hong Kong, calling at
Kobe, Nagasaki and Shanghai, taking rrelght
via connecting steamers ror Manila. Port Ar
thur and Vladlvostock-
INDRAVELLI SAILS JAN. 28.
For rates and full Information call on or ad
dress officials or agents of O. R. & X. Co.
Leave
Depot Fifth and
I Street.
Arrive
OVERLAND EX
8:30 P. M.
8:30 A. M.
PRESS TRAINS,
for Salem. Rose
burg. Ashland, Sac
r a m e n to. Ogden.
San Francisco, Mo
lave. Los Angeles,
7:45 A. M.
7:00 P. M.
El Paso. New Or
leans and the East.
At W o o d b urn
(dally except Sun
day), morning train
connects with train
for Mt. Angel. SU
vertcn, Browns
ville, Springfield,
and Natron, a n'd
Albany Local for
Mt. Angel and SU
verton. Albany passenger ...
Corvallls passenger.
4:00 P.M.
7:30 A. M.
I4:B0P. M.
10:10 A. M.
5:50 P.M.
Sheridan passenger. 8:25 A. M,
Dily. HDally except Sunday.
Rebate tickets on sale between Portland.
Sacramento and San Francisco. Net rates
$17.60 first class and $14 second class. Second
class Includes sleeper; first class does not.
Rates and ticket to Eastern points and Eu
rope. Also JAPAN. CHINA. HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA. Can be obtained from V. A.
Schilling. Ticket Agent. 234 cor. Washington
and Third.
YAMHILL DIVISION.
Passenger Depot, foot of Jefferson street.
Leave lor OsWegu dally t 7:3), 'J:40 A. M.;
12:30. 1:55. 3 25. 4:40. 0:25. 8:30. 11:30 P. M.;
and 0:00 A. M. on Sundays only. Arrive at
Portland dally at U.33. 8:30, 10:50 A. M.;
,1:35. 3:10. 4:30. 6:15. 7:40. 10:00 P. M.: 12:40
A. M. dally, except Monday, 8:30 and 10:05
A M. on Sundays only.
Leave tot Dallas dally, except Sunday, at
5:05 P. M. Arrive at Portland at 0:30 A. M.
Passenger train leaves Dallas for Airlla Mon
days, Wednesdays and Fridays at 3:50 P. M.
Returns Tuesdays. Thursday and Saturdays.-
Except Sunday.
R. KOEHLER.
ManLger.
R. B. MILLER.
Gen. Frt. A Pass. Agt.
TIME CARD
0FJRA1NS
PORTLAND
Leaves. Arrives.
Overland Express 2:00 P. M. 7:00 A. M,
Twin City. St. Louis &
Kan. City Special 11:30 P.M. 7:45 P.M.
Puget Sound limited, for
South Bend, Gray'a
Harbor. Olympia, Ta
coma and Seattle 8:35 A.M. 5:20 P.M.
Two trains dally to Spokane. Bate. Helena,
Minneapolis, St. Paul and the East.
A. D. CHARLTON.
AsbU General Pass. Agt..
255 Morrison strct. Portland. Or.
Ticket Office 122 Third St. Phone 630
LEAVE &FLyr'P2?,,1,y r ARRIVE
No. 4 1 from at. Paul. MInne- r0 o
a-oop M ,Plls. Duluth. Chicago t-ooa. m.
o.oo ai. d all j, Eait T.guA..
Through Palace and Tourist Sleepers, Dining
and Buffet Smoking-Llbrary Cars.
JAPAN - AMERICAN LINE
" STEAMSHIP TOSA MARU
For Japan. China and all 'Asiatic points trill
leave Seattle
About December 31st.
Astoria & Columbia
River Railroad Co.
LEAVES DerSttfe"UI.and ARRIVES
For Maygers, Rainier.
Clatskanle, Westport.
Clifton. Astoria. War
renton. Flavel, Ham
mond, Fort Stevena,
Gearbart Pk.. Seaside,
Astoria and Seashore
Express,
Dally.
Astoria Exprejs,
Dally.
8:00 A. M.
11:10 A.M.
7:00 P. M.
0:40 P. M.
Ticket office 25S Morrison st. and Union Depot.
J C. MaYO. Gen- Pass. Agt., Astoria. Or.
Salem, Albany, Corrallis, Ore
gon City and Dayton.
Steamer Pomona, for Corvallls. leaves 6:43
A. M. Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.
Steamer Altona. for Dayton, leaves TIM.
Monday. Wednesday and Friday.
Steamer Leona, for Independence, Monday,
Wednesday and Friday. 0:45.
OREGON CITY TRANSPORTATION CO..
Office and dock, foot Taylor st. Phoiw 40.
EAST via
CAT ITU Ud g5 jo
fiREATWORTHERw
THE PALATIAL
Oni BliiLDl
Jiot a dr.rlc office In the Imliain!
absolutely fireproof; electric lights
hbiI a-teaian -water; perfect sanita
tion and thorough -ventilation. Ele
vators run day and night.
aPl l "!3 tla Estill
II i illll1
Boms.
AINSLIE. DR. GEORGE, Physician 413-414
ANDERSON. GUSTAV. Attorney-at-Law...612
ASSOCIATED PRESS. E. L. Powell. Mngr.flOa
AUSTEN. F. C, Manager for Oregon and
Washington Bankers Life Association of
Des Moines. la 502-503
BANKERS' LIFE ASSOCIATION, OF DES
MOINES. LA.. F. C. Austen, Mgr.... 502-503
BEALS, EDWARD A., Forecast Official U.
S. Weather Bureau 910
BENJAMIN, R. W., Dentist 314
BINSWANGER. OTTO S., Physician and
Surgeon 407-403 I
BROCK. WILBUR F., Circulator Orego-
nlan 501
BROWN. MYRA. M. D 313-314
BRUERE, DR. G. E.. Physician.. 412-413-414
BUSTEED. RICHARD 303
CAMPBELL. WM. M., Medical Referee
Equitable Life 700
CANNING. M. J. 602-603
CAUKIN. G. E.. District Agent Travelers
Insurance Company .........718
CARDWELL. DR. J. R. 50tt
CHURCHILL. MRS. E. J. 710-717
COFFEY, DR. R. C. Surgeon 405-00
COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY"
604-605-606-607-613-014-015
CORNELIUS, a W.. Phys. and Burgeon.. 20
COLLLER. P. F., Publisher; S. P. McGulre.
Manager 415
DAY. J. G.. & L N 313
DICKSON. DR. J. F., Physician 713-714
DWYER. JOE E., Tobaccos 403
EDITORIAL ROOMS Eighth Floor
EVENING TELEGRAM 325 Aider Street
EQUITABLE LIFE ASSURANCE SOCI
ETY; L. Samuel. Mgr.; G. S. Smith.
Cashier 300
FENTON, J. D., Physician and Surgeon. 509-10
FENTON. DR. HICKS C.. Eye and Ear. .511
FENTON. MATTHEW F.. Dentist 609
GALVANI, W. H-, Engineer and Draughts
man ..600
GAVIN, A., President Oregon Camera Club ,
214-215-216-217
GEARY, DR. E. P., Phys. and Surgeon 406
GEARY & COFFEY, Physicians and Sur
geons 404-405-406
GIESY, A- J., Physician and Surgeon...700-7lO
GILBERT. DR. J. ALLEN. Physician. 401-4W)
GILLESPY, SHERWOOD, General Agent
Mutual Life Ins. Co. 404-405-403
GOLDMAN." WILLIAM. Manager Manhat
tan Life Ins. Co., of New York 203-210
GRANT, FRANK S., Attorney-at-La-r....017
GRISWOLD & PHEGLEY, Tailors
131 Sixth Street
HAMMAM BATHS. Turkish and Russian.
300-301-302
HAMMOND. A. B. 310
HOLLI3TER. DR. O. C. Physician and
Surgeon 504-509
IDLEMAN, C. M.. Attorney-at-Law.416-17-13
JOHNSON, W. C. 315-310-317
KADY, MARK T., Supervisor of Agents
Mutual Reserve Fund Life Assn.... 604-605
LITTLEFIELD, H. R.. Phys. and Sur. 200
MACKAY. DR. A. E., Phys. and Surg.. 711-71::
MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE CO. of
New York; W. Goldman, Manager.... 200-210
MARSH, DR. R. J., Phys. and Surgeon..404-400
MARTIN, J. L. & CO.. Timber Lands. ...601
McCOY, NEWTON. Attorney-at-Law 715
McFADEN. MISS IDA E.. Stenographer. .201
McGINN. HENRY E., Attorney-at-Law.311-12
McKENZIE. DR. P. L.. Phys. and Sur.512-13
METT. HENRY 213
MILLER. DR. HERBERT C. Dentist and
Oral Surgeon 60S-C0O
MOSSMAN. DR. E. P., Dentist 513-Sli
MUTUAL RESERVE FUND LIFE ASSN;
Mark T. Kady, Supervisor of Agents.604-605
Mcelroy, dr. j. g., Phys. & 8ur;7oi-7o2-7(a
McFARLAND, E. B., Secretary Columbia
Telephone Company 606
McGUIRE. S. P., Manager P. F. Collier.
Publisher 415
MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., of New
York; Sherwood Gillcspy, Gen. Agt. .404-5-9
NICHOLAS. HORACE B.. Attorney-at-Law.713
NILES, M. L., Cashier Manhattan Life In
surance Company of New York........... 200
OLSEN, J. F., State Agent Tontine Sav
ings Association. Minneapolis .....211
OREGON CAMERA CLUB 214-215-216-21T
OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATHY "
409-410
OUEGONIAN BARBER SHOP; Rudolph
Marsch. Prop .120 Sixth street
OREGONIAN EDUCATIONAL BUREAU;
J. F. Strauhal. Manager 200
POKILANJJ EXr AND EAR INFIRMARY.
1.... Ground Floor, 133 Sixth street
QUIMBY, L. P W., Game and Forestry
Warden 515
REAVIS. DR. J. L., Dentist ,...C08-C09
REED, WALTER, Optician.... 133 Sixth street
RICXENBACH. DR. J. F., Eye, Ear. Nose
and Throat 701-703
RUSENDALE. O. M., Metallurgist and Min
ing Engineer 510
RYAN, J. B.. Attorney-at-Law 513
SAMUEL, L.. Manager Equitable Llfe....30J
3HERWOOD, J. W Deputy Supreme Com
mander K. O. T. M. .S...517
SMITH. G. S., Cashier Equitable Life 30tf
SMITH. DR. L. B.. Osteopath 409-410
STUART, DELL, Attorney-at-Law 617-613
6TOLTE, DR. CHAS. E., Dentist 704-7W
SURGEON OF THE S. P. RY. AND N. P.
TERMINAL CO 706
SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE 201
THREE IS ONE" QUICK ACCOUNT
SYSTEM COMPANY, OF OREOON 513
TONTINE SAVINGS ASSOCLVTION. Min
neapolis; J. F. Olsen, State Agent 211
TUCKER. DR. GEO. F., Dentist 610-011
U. S. WEATHER BUREAU... 007-003-000-910
U. S. LIGHTHOUSE ENGINEERS. 13TH
DIST.. Captain W. C. Langntt, Corps of
Engineers, U. S. A. S03
U. S. ENGINEER OFFICE RIVER AND
HARBOR IMPROVEMENTS, Captain W.
C. Langfltt. Corps of Engineers. U. S. A..S1Q
WATERMAN. C. H.. Cashier Mutual Life
of New York 400
WILET. DR. JAMES O. C. Phys. & Sur..708-5
WILSON, DR. EDWARD N., Physician
and Surgeon 304-303
WILSON. DR. GEO. F.. Phys. & Surg. 706-707
WILSON, DR. HOLT C. Phys. & Surg.507-503
WILLAMETTE VALLEY TELE. CO..... 013
WOOD. DR. W. L.. Physician 412-413-414
Offices may be had by applying t6
the superintendent of the building,
room 201, second floor.
BIk Cua non-soisonoci
Ireiaedr for Gonorrhoea,
Glaet. SperDutbrrhosA,
Whites, unnatural die
charges, or any Inuamma
irtcutioa- tioa of m neons menr
sEymjChehIMICo. branea. Non-astringent.
Sold by DrnpcUts,
or aeat in plain wrapper,
hy cxprewi, prepaid, fot
1 .CO. or 3 bottles. 12.75.
Circular sent on xeqassb
MEN
No Cure
No Pay
THE MODERN APPLIANCE. A positive
way to perfect manhood. The YACUUM
TREATMENT cures you without medicine of
all nervous or diseases of the generative or
gans, such as lost manhood, exhaustive drains,
varicocele, Impotency, etc. Men are quickly re
stored to perfect health and strength. Write
for circulars. Correspondence confidential.
THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO.. room 47-4
Safe Deposit building, Seattle, Wash.
,.
yyoaHE
la 1 to 6 dayi. J
L. fJ Omrtcucd y
IBIrtTa3U
ioUTH
TJ.B.A. y T