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PORTLAND. FRIDAY, DEC. 13, 1001.
A DIVISION OP LABOR,
"We have a respectful letter from a
correspondent who cannot understand
why The Oregonlan "supports Supreme
Court decisions denying that the Con
stitution follows the flag," and then
"demands of Congress legislation dia
metrically opposed to the effect of the
decisions." It Is a fair question and
deserves a fair reply.
Fortunately and unfortunately, we
live in a world of law. That is, we
imitate Nature as far as we can in es
tablishing certain rigid rules of pro
cedure, which fall with cruel and benefi
cent impartiality on the Just and the
unjust The August rain, that revives
one man's dying garden truck, spoils
another man's hay. The law that cuts
short the career of a red-handed villain
sends an innocent man to the gallows
upon circumstantial evidence.
In the long run there is no other
way but to make a law and enforce
it according to its text. On the whole,
we get Justice, but occasionally we get
outrage. The question in each case has
to be, not what Is right, but what is
law; and while verdicts and decisions
often make our blood boil, yet our
judgment is compelled to approve.
It is so with our new islands.' The
Supreme Court is not the lawmaking
'power. Our courts are disposed. In gen
eral, to claim 'jurisdiction whenever
adequate ground for it appears, but in
'the Insular cases the Supreme Court
has not found warrant In the Consti
tution for annulment of the acts of
'Congress. It has interpreted the treaty
of Paris as an incorporation of the
Spanish Islands In the territory of the
'United States; but it has sustained the
acts of Congress in relation to those
Islands.
The American Nation is under the
heaviest sort of obligation to deal
justly and even kindly with the people
that have come to us under the war
with Spain and the treaty of peace con
cluding it But the proper medium
through which that obligation is to be
discharged is not the Supreme Court,
but Congress. The Supreme Court will
sustain the Constitution and the laws,
but the Supreme Court cannot pass the
laws. This is thepeople's task, resting
upon them through their representa
tives duly elected.
There is a far-reaching good In this
development of American history, lor
where could this power so advantage
ously rest as with the Congress? The
Supreme Court is beyond the reach of
public desires Congress is within easy
reach. "We can petition Congress some
constituencies make so bold upon occa
sion as to instruct and if the popular
will is defied we can turn the whole
aggregation out to grass. The entire
House of Representatives goes before
the people every two years, and Sena
tors resign upon slight provocation. It
is doubtful if there is a single man in
either house of Congress who would
dare defy the demand of his party
state convention and his state Legisla
ture for his peremptory retirement.
Manila was captured May 1, 1898, and
we have just found out from the Su
preme Court that it is domestic terri
tory. Yet within that time two suc
cessive Houses of Representatives have
been elected and the terms of two
thirds of the Senators have expired.
Perhaps it is a sign of the times that
the Supreme Court turns the Islands
over to Congress. Perhaps it Is a step
in that evolution of representative gov
ernment which is steadily bringing
power more directly down into the
hands of the people. '
PENALTIES OP CHANGE.
"While it is doubtless true, as the
Washington dispatches point out, that
Oregon and "Washington might have
fared more sumptuously in the matter
of House committee places, yet the
more obvious lessen of the assignments
is the reward accruing to long-continued
service. New members go to the
foot of the class, old members take the
prizes. This is not true in the Senate,
but is uniformly true in the House.
The ways and means committee, which
Is of pre-eminent importance just now
in view of possible tariff revision, is
composed wholly of old members,
though Metcalf of California, who se
cured his place by a trade, was first
elected in 1S9S. Payne, the chairman,
bgan his service In 18S3. Dalzell, Rus
sell and Robertson date from 1887; Hop
kins, Grosvenor and Richardson from
3885; Steele from 1881; Tawney, McCall
and Babcock from 1893, whereas Tongue
of Oregon took his seat in 1S37 and
Moody his in 1S93. Had Oregon sent
a new man In "place of Representative
Tongue this session, it would have lost
the chairmanship of the Important Irri
gation committee and probably some
also of our advantageous positions on
rivers and harbors, public lands and
mines and mining.
The states that send new men to
Congress every term get no important
places or weighty recognition in the
committee-rooms, where the real work
of legislation is done, and must be done
in a legislative body as large as the
House of Representatives. The states
that send the same men year after year
secure lodgment in vantage-points
where they wield a whip hand over
rival aspirants for recognition. New
lands of Nevada holds a powerful po
sition in the House, though his con
stituency is almost nothing, because he
is now serving his fifth consecutive
term.
There is only one mistake a state can
make that is worse than retiring a
fairly good man for a new man no bet
ter, and that is to elect an incompetent
man in the first place. He has to be
turned out eventually, and all the time
he has been In is wasted. The offense
is the more inexcusable because of the
difficulty of finding a man who is unfit
for the position. Really great statesmen
do not court -seats in the House of
Representatives. Oregon's present Con
gressmen are 'way above the average.
BEATJTIFUIi DREAMS OP HOPE.
When the fair land of Poland was plowed by
-the hoof
Of the ruthless Invader, -when might
With steel to the bosom and flame to the roof
Completed his triumph o'er right.
In that moment of danger, when Freedom, In
voked All the fetterless sons of her pride.
In a phalanx as dauntless as Freedom e'er
yoked,
I fought and I bled by her side.
So sings Thaddeus of "Warsaw in
Balfe's immortal "Bohemian Girl," and
such Is the legend that still animates
unhappy Poland, whose protest in the
German Parliament on Tuesday discon
certed "Von Bulow and set all Berlin
agog with excitement. It Is fitting that
Ireland should have sung fair Poland's
wrongs, for nowhere else could they
receive such intelligent sympathy. More
than a century has passed since the
great rebellion in Ireland, and since the
third partition of Poland completed its
overthrow; yet the fire of independence
burns brightly from age to age. It .s
impervious to reason, time and neces
sity. It shows us that we live In a
world, not only of progress, but of fidel
ity. The student knows well enough that
Poland, no more than Ireland, could
govern Itself or maintain its independ
ence. That acquiescence In the or
dained will of the majority which un
derlies true liberty as the Teutonic
mind apprehends it, was as impossible
in the one case as the other. Each fell
under the necessity of Incorporation
into an irresistible empire in the one
case Russia, In the other case Great
Britain. Government In Poland was
simply anarchy. Government In Ire
land was severity subduing the Irrecon
cilable. The integration of nations has been
encompassed in various ways. In fact in
no two .cases In the same way. The
parts successively joined to the, central
nucleus may be happy as Scotland is,
or Burgundy; merely repining, as they
do in Rome and Alsace-Lorraine, cheer
fully expectant as Palestine and spme
Canadians are, or they may be Implaca
ble, defiant, like Poland and Ireland.
In the long run, of course, it does not
greatly signify. Nobody expects Ire
land to be independent, any more than
Scotland. Nobody expects Great Brit
ain to relax her hold on South Africa.
Poland's national history is a closed
book that will never be opened.
Yet for all that we love to see and
honor the spirit that sustains these
bootless protests against the wheel of
progress, roughly riding over the deep
est sentiments of the heart He who
sees most clearly the futile folly of the
Boers can nevertheless glory in their
spunk; unhappy Ireland has its friends
everywhere, even among those who
scout Its fruitless plans for Independ
ence, and Poland never rises In the
Reichstag i.o bewail her fate and up
braid her conquerors but she makes
sure of a sympathetic sigh whenever
her tragic story is recalled. Among
the dreams of unfading hope, none is
more fascinating than the restoration
'of Palestine, none more beautiful than
the vision cherished by the' Athenian
of the day when Greece again shall
rule the world.
"Who shall reconcile the march of
progress with the devotion of faithful
hearts to a lost cause? Ncne, for the
things are not to be compared. To ap
prehend clearly the Inexorable logic of
events is not necessarily to close our
eyes to the splendor of vain fortitude
and hopeless fidelity. There Is no com
mon denominator for the world of force
and the world of emotion. One exists
independently of the other. The Irish
flag may never be seen with the eye of
serise, but in countless human hearts
It floats unchallenged, endeared by pa
triotic blood, immortalized by orator
and poet, sanctified by the song of
Balfe and Wallace. Heroism would be
something less than it is but for the
proud story of Poland and to American
annals the memory of the Lost Cause
imparts an increment of beautiful
fidelity that neither Appomattox nor
act of Congress could destroy. Which
could be better spared the achievement
of good government or the uplifting
legacy of brave hearts that bled in
i;ain? Fortunately, it is a useless ques
tion. Neither need be spared. We have
them both.
THE ENGLISH PLAN.
The youthful offenders' act, passed
by the British Parliament last year,
pushes earlier measures In regard to
Juvenile offenders a step farther and
makes the 'parent liable for the mis
deeds of hib child. Children under 12
and young persons under 1C, if convict
ed of trivial offenses, may be sentenced
to be whipped, but are not to be sent
to industrial schools. If charged with
any offense for which a fine and costs
may be imposed by a Justice of the
Peace, and if there is reason to believe
that their parents or guardians are re
sponsible by their neglect for the com
mission of the offense, the latter may
be summoned and tried with the offend
ers, and may be ordered to pay the fine
or give security for the good behavior
of the culprits.
Public opinion in the United States
would not support a law of this kind.
The sentiment with us is in favor of
putting this class of reprobates in re
form schools, maintained at the expense
of taxpayers, including parents who do
their duty by their own children. This
is the progressive at least it is the
accepted method of dealing with ob
streperous and neglected children, but
it is doubtful if its efficacy will equal
that .of the sterner and with us out
dated British method. While, however,
deprecating in theory the whipping of
Juvenile or even adult offenders as bar
barous, it Is not easy to escape the feel
ing that this theory, if Teduced to practice-
hereabouts, would break up effect
ually the predatory bands of boys and
youth who have been wont as- night
prowlers to terrorize certain sections
of our city, hurl stones through win
dows, stuff chimneys with rags, deface
vacant buildings, board trains as
tramps for a stolen ride a few miles
out, and throw stones at car windows
when pulled out of hiding by trainmen,
etc. Boys committing such offenses, it
is said, are Irresponsible. This being
true, let responsibility be fixed where
It belongs upon parents, cot upon the
state.
The wisdom of making those In au
thority In official life responsible and
then holding them responsible is con
ceded. Why not go to the fountain
head of all community order and make
parents responsible for the misdeeds of
their children, in accordance with the
English plan, Instead of relieving those
who are derelict in their duty of all
care of and responsibility for their un
ruly offspring? Drastic as are Its
measures. Is there not something in the
English plan of dealing with youthful
offenders through and with their par
ents that commends itself to a long
suffering American public?
LICENSED GAMBLING IN EUROPE.
As late as 1840 gambling-houses were
licensed in London, and Crockford, the
proprietor of. the principal gambling
establishment, retired with a. fortune of
several millions of dollars. The Duke
of Wellington was a nightly visitor at
Crockford's. Today great gambling
establishments flourish vigorously un
der the laws of Belgium, which is the
only Important country in Europe
where gambling is permitted by the
authority of the general government,
and where gaming clubs are conducted
under tho direct surveillance of the gov
ernments of the cities where these clubs
exist
The great gambling establishment at
Monte Carlo Is authorized by the Prince
of lonaco, who is the sole arbiter of
the affairs of his little dominion, bat
while gambling is carried on in nearly
all the great capitals of Europe and
at all the Continental watering-places,
nevertheless outside of Belgium and
Monaco gambling exists in defiance of
law, and only where the local authori
ties choose to wink at its presence. At
Ostend, the great cosmopolitan watering-place
of the Belgian coast distant
less than six hours' Journey from Paris,
London and Brussels, Is a great gam
bling establishment which rays to the
municipality of Ostend 2,500,000 francs
annually. The mluimum stake is five
francs; the maximum 12,000 francs, and
It Is no uncommon thing to see a single
player win or lose 250,000 francs at a
single sitting.
An anti-gambling bill Is now before
the Belgian Parliament, the object of
which is to suppress this great gam
bling establishment at Ostend, whose
operations have become a Continental
scandal. As originally introduced In
the lower branch of the Legislature,
this bill commanded an overwhelming
majority of the "Deputies. It was subse
quently amended In the upper house so
that its provisions should not take ef
fect for two years, and the localities
affected by It should be Indemnified
for the losses which they would sustain
by its enactment Ostend and Spa, for
example, are granted 5,000,000 and 3,000,
000 of francs, respectively, to compen
sate them for their pecuniary loss con
sequent upon the closing of their mag
nificent gambling halls. These amend
ments were rejected by the lower house,
and the Parliamentary session closed
last August without reaching any final
action on this anti-gambling bill, but
there Is no doubt that the end of li
censed gambling in Belgium Is near at
hand. Since licensed gambling was
abolished at Homburg, Wiesbaden,
Baden-Baden and Carlsbad, the popula
tion of these spas has more than
doubled, and they are more popular
and prosperous resorts for a better class
of Summer visitors than they were in
the days of their notorious gambling
halls.
UnitedStates land officials at Oregon
City seem to take cognizance of a pal
pable tact that does not appear In the
record testimony of the Tillamook tim
ber contests now pending, namely, that
It Is a fight between dealers and specu
lators rather than between entrymen
in good faith. Register Moores, noting
this very evident condition of affairs,
gives notice to the parties In Interest
that dilatory tactics will not longer be
tolerated, and that the cases must be
heard and determined or dismissed.
This position of the Register will find
approval with everybody who does not
have in view Illegitimate gains from
timber land manipulation. It Is deserv
ing of special commendation because
land officials so seldom trouble them
selves to act upon Information that Is
perfectly obvious though carefully ex
cluded from the record. More rugged
common sense In the land offices would
result In les3 tricking of the land laws.
Rejection of both contest and entry
would often come nearer compliance
with the law than does the toleration
of pro forma proceedings that lead to
legal title In defiance of the real spirit
of the land laws.
George E. Roberts, Director of the
Mint, touches a popular note In his
recommendation to Congress In his an
nual report that the coinage of silver
dollars shall cease. The same Is true
of his plea for power to convert a larger
amount of silver bullion into subsidiary
coins than is now possible under the
law. The cartwheel dollar burdens our
commercial transactions; subsidiary e!1
ver coins facilitate them. For this good
and sufficient reason Mr. Roberts asks
that the coinage of the former (a tre
mendous bulk of which is already
afloat) cease and that the limit of the
subsidiary coln9, now fixed at $100,000,
000, be advanced at least $20,000,000, the
former quantity being insufficient for
the needs of the country.
Flying machines have found a cham
pion in Henry Maxim, the Inventor of
guns. He thinks that, so far as bal
loons are concerned, It is Impossible to
Improve upon that of M. Santos-Du-mont,
but sayB that the developed flying
machine is only a question of time and
money, and -in the manner of actual
flight His views were set forth in de
tail in a paper recently read before the
Aeronautical Solcety of London, and
were received with the attention that
the name of Henry Maxim commands
everywhere In the world of Invention.
All kinds of flying machines heavier
than the air depend, he says, entirely
upon the development of dynamic en
ergy, and he thinks that people should
be able to fly whenever the manner In
which this power may be advantage
ously employed Is ascertained. Un
bounded faith In the possibilities of the
human mind to bend to Its will and pur
pose the laws and energies of Nature
Is needed to reach, even at the present
advanced stage of development of dy
namic energy, the heights of expecta
tion to which this inventor has attained.
The city magnates of London gave a
luncheon to the Prince and Princess of
Wales a few days ago, one course of
which was "lark pie." The story of
"four audtwenty blackbirds baked In
a pie," as 6ung for the wonder and de
light of generations of children, be
comes insignificant even as Imagery
when compared with an actual pie con
taining 1000 larks. It is not recorded,
however, in the latter case, that the
"birds began to sing" when the pie was
opened. On the contrary, the poor, lit
tle songsters were so dead that a sol
emn protest has gone forth against the
pie as. representing the wanton de
struction of myriads of sweet songsters
that the royal palate might be tickled
and vulgar ostentation given a chance
to air Itself. The Prince of Wales Is
president of the Society for the Preven
tion of "Cruelty to Birds, and it is fair
to suppose did not appreciate the type
of loyalty expressed, as the Saturday
Review has It, "In terms of lark pie,"
though he did not Join In the Indignant
protest of bird-lovers against the
slaughter of a thousand songsters to
produce the pie.
The Scranton convention, in dealing
with the exclusion question, discrimi
nated sharply between Chinese and
Japanese laborers. Labor organizations
do not draw a fine line of distinction
between these little yellow men of the
Orient, but are generally outspoken In
the demand that stringent restriction
measures be made to apply to both.
Samuel Gompers, president of the
American Federation of Labor, Is, how
ever, more astute than the rank and
file of his following, and warned the
convention that it would make a mis
take if it attempted to secure anti-Japanese
legislation at this time. His
statement that the "Chinaman Is the
cheapest of all laborers" may not be
borne out by facts, but it was forceful
enough to table the proposition to ex
clude Japanese laborers, and for the
present the "yellow peril" that night
mare of American labor agitators Is
represented by the Chinese alone.
There Is nothing remarkable In the
statement that 2000 Jews have, fought in
the English ranks during the Boer War.
The Jews have been treated with great
liberality under English law since the
removal of their obsolete legal disabili
ties more than sixty years ago, and
many of them have risen to great dis
tinction in law, finance and politlca
Beaconsfield in politics, Rothschild In
finance and Sir George Jessel In law
are some of the great names among
English Jews. Lord Rosebery married
a Jewess. There Is every reason for
patriotic attachment to England on
part of the Jews, for Great Britain was
the first great nation In Europe to give
them their rights. The Jews in Amer
ica were equally patriotic, during our
Civil War.
The suggestion that Portland be made
a "rose city" In time for the Lewis and
Clark Centennial promises to be made
effective by the formation of a Rose
Mission Club, the mission of which it
will be to see that there are roses in
all the lawns of the city before 1905.
The truth of the saying that "what Is
everybody's business Is nobody's busi
ness" Is generally accepted, and the
formation of this Rose Club Is timely.
America, the land of the free and the
home of the brave, must tax the poor,
little Philippines. So much for the Na
tion conceived in liberty and dedicated
to the proposition that all men are cre
ated equal. How just, how subtle and
how mighty Is America! jThls is the
way the United States has entered the
theater of the world. If It Is a sample
of this country's acting, Uncle Sam
should "go 'way back and set down."
There Is a movement to celebrate the
300th anniversary of the settlement of
Jamestown, Va., by a colossal world's
fair. The "Virginia Legislature Is to be
asked for a charter and a small appro
priation, and then "the Government
may be asked for $10,000,000." James
town long ago ceased to exist, but the
ruins of the old settlement are still visi
ble about fifty miles up the James River
from Norfolk.
In the case of Livingston, editor of
the Bennington (Vt) Reformer, against
ex-Governor Carroll S. Page, on a con
tract for the influence of the Reformer
to support Page for the Republican
Congressional nomination In 1900, the
Bennington County Court on the 6th
in3t. decided the contract Illegal on the
grounds of public policy. Exceptions
were taken to the Supreme Court.
The Democrats In Congress are In
dignant over the prospect of reduced
committee places. The remedy is easy
get more Democrats elected. Out of
357 members of Congress, there are only
43 Democrats from Northern Statea
No wonder there are not places enough
to go around among the Republicans.
Mr. John Barrett has made himself
prominent at the Pan-American Con
gress in Mexico. Mr. Barrett is a great
admirer of Roosevelt, and would seem
to have a few strenuous qualities of his
own. This double reference Is meant as
a compliment both to the President and
to Mr, Barrett
The example of George W. Davis
shows that any man can steal money
from the state and escape punishment,
together with his official chiefs, if he
1s rogue enough to neutralize the law
with technicalities.
The golden opportunity to give to the
Lewis and Clark fund has not flown,
but it should be grasped at once. Port
land has shaken off the old spirit, so
don't let the other fellows give all the
money.
Miss Stone Is said to be trying to
convert her captors to Christianity.
She evidently prizes her opportunity as
a missionary to spread the gospel.
Wade Is willing to give his life in
return for that which he helped to take.
Evidently he has a good opinion of him
self in spite of his crime.
If somebody will Invent a substitute
for the name "free trade," perhaps free
trade with the Philippines will not be
so. much of a, bugbear. .
PACIFIC CODFISHERIES.
San Francisco Call.
One of the large Industries of the Pa
cific Coast which at this time needs from
the Government an assistance it can read
ily give, but which no other power can.
adequately provide. Is that engaged in
codfishing. In the industry there have
been Invested many thousands of dollars,
and It employs many hundreds of men.
It. Is capable, under proper supervision,
of t continuing indefinitely as a source of
wealth, and consequently merits such
protection as the Government can bestow.
At the present time the Industry has
a right to expect from the. Government
two services. The first Is diplomatic, and
involves the settlement of the right of
American fishers to catch cod In certain
portions of Okhotsk Sea, over which Rus
sia claims control. The second is that
of providing for the propagation of codfish
at certain stations along the Alaskan
coast where the conditions for the propa
gation are most favorable.
The Manufacturers' and Producers' As
sociation have taken the subject up and
have prepared an instructive memorial
upon it It appears from the statements
of the memorial that within the last
few years our codfishing industry has so
expanded as to place our product In Chi
cago. In competition with the Atlantic cod,
to compete on the west coast of South
America with goods from Norway, In
Australia and New Zealand with the ling
cod from Scotland, and to replace in a
great measure with our codfish the dried
fish from Japan, In Hong Kong, the
Philippines and the East generally, as
far as the Straits Settlements. Statistics
compiled by one of the fishing companies
show that since 1870 there have been
brought Into this port Pacific codfish to
the wholesale value of J3.130.0CO.
It will be conceded that an Industry of I
buui uiBguuuue uuu wun sucn possibil
ities Is worth preserving. It is threatened,
however, by the interference of Russia,
with American fishers In Okhotsk Sea
and by the diminishing number of fish
along the Alaskan coast
Concerning those difficulties of the in
dustry the memorial says: "In former
.years the greater portion of our supply
of codfish came from Okhotsk Sea, where
the fishing banks are much more extensive
than are those of Behrlng Sea, but a
ruling of the Russian Government im
poses a license on all vessels fishing
within 30 miles of the shore, and In 1S32
one of our vessels narrowly escaped seiz
ure for getting within the prescribed zone
at a time when the existence of the regu
lations was not known, here. Being driven
from the Okhotsk, all the fishing vessels
are compelled to rendezvous in the re-
"stricted fishing grounds in Bering Sea,
where the supply Is notably growing less."
"Upon that showing two things are
asked: First that the Department of
State make an early determination of our
rights on the fishing banks of Okhotsk
Sea, thereby, if possible, enabling our
craft to renew operations in those waters.
Second, to procure the establishment and
maintenance on the coast of Alaska of
one or more hatcheries for the propaga
tion of cod, similar to those maintained
by the Government on the coast of Mas
sachusetts. The requests are not excessive. It Is
only fair that the Government pay as
much attention to Pacific fisheries as to
those of the Atlantic. It is gratifying to
have so energetic a body as the Manu
facturers' and Producers Association at
work in promoting the interests of this
as well as other Pacific Coast Industries,
and our delegation In Congress should
co-operate In the work and urge the mat
ter upon the Immediate attention of the
Government
Tariff Reform Will Not Down.
Chicago Tribune.
Investigations by German officials show
that the reports as to the Industrial de
pression In Germany have not been exag
gerated. The aggregate of unemployed
men is EO0.OC0, being 4 per cent of the total
number of artisans in the country. In
the larger towns from 7 to 10 per cent of
the working population Is idle. In the
metal trades 10,600 men are at work now,
while 73,100 were at work a year ago.
Tet at this distressful time the Reichstag
Is asked by the government to pass a tar
iff act which will increase greatly the
duties on, and hence the cost of, bread
stuffs and meats. The present rate on
wheat is $S 20 a ton. It Is proposed to
make the rate $15 40 a ton. Flour, which
pays now $17 40 a ton, is to pay '$32 10.
Proportionately the same rate of Increase
Is proposed as regards pork, beef, butter,
cheese and other provisions. Bread and
meat are dear enough In Germany now,
and the conditions of life almost unen
durable, for a large percentage of the
working classes. Food will be dearer
yet. and existence a greater burden if the
tariff Is raised. An Increase in German
emigration to the United States may be
looked for.
It is, however, the plan of the German
Government to mitigate these higher du
ties. If voted, by commercial treaties. It
will use them for trading purposes, as
some of tho higher duties in the DIn'gley
law were meant to bo used but have not
been. Austria-Hungary, whose trade with
Germany will be seriously affected by the
new tariff, the United States, and some
other countries will be notified that if
they will make concessions, the duties
on certain of their products will be low
ered. The United States will be told that
the duties on Its meats and cereals will
be lowered if it will reciprocate as regards
certain other articles.
Then the reciprocity question will be
come one that cannot be put idly by. In
difference to It will mean that other
countries will supply Germany with the
foreign foodstuffs it consumes. It will
mean that the consumption of many
American manufacturers by Germany will
bo cut down greatly. Congress may put
the reciprocity policy on one side now. It
will have to face It later on.
A Physiological Difference.
New York Times.
"Commerce Is the life blood of nations,"
said Hon. John Barrett at a banquet
given at the Chapultepcc restaurant. In
the City of Mexico, by tho United States
delegates to the Pan-American Conference
in honor of their fellow-delegates from
Mexico and the South American States.
That was the opinion of President Mc
Klnley. "The period of exclusion Is
past," said he In that memorable address
at Buffalo. But at Washington the re
sponsible Republican chiefs are going In
for anemia. They talk as If they were
friendly to commerce, but there is no evi
dence that they are preparing to remove
or modify the Dlngley ban.
Reciprocity is one of the subjects set
down for consideration by the Pan-American
Conference. If the American dele
gates have observed tho neat way in
which the Republican protectionists
turned a recent deliberative conference
at Washington Into an anti-reciprocity
convention, and In particular if they have
studied the message of the President and
the report of the Secretary of the Treas
ury, the American delegates must have
reached the conclusion that further dis
cussion of that topic will be futile.
Vaccination by Low.
Philadelphia Press.
London, like Philadelphia, has a small
pox scare. The number of cases appear
ing in connection with the schopls Is so
large that the school board has ordered
an examination of all children for the
vaccination mark, and provided for free
vaccination on a large scale. The lesson
is simple. London, like Philadelphia and
other American cities, has this smallpox
scare because compulsory vaccination Is
not required in childhood. 'England had a
compulsory vaccination law, but there
was a foolish opposition to It, and its en
forcement was dropped, after a frank
statement by Lord Salisbury that it was
impossible to enforce the law in the face
of public opinion. France, Germany and
other European countries where vaccina
tion is required, and it is a penal offense,
not to vaccinate a child before its first
year, have practically ceased to have
smallpox.
WHOSE IS THE BETTER PART?
San Francisco Bulletin.
A newspaper reporter on the "hotel
detail" encounters daily rich, self-made
men who are cither national celebrities
or the magnates of their ieveral locali
ties. These wealthy personages occupy
the most expensive suites in the .hotels,
spend in a day more than the reporter
earns in a week, and are inclined to
patronize the newspaper man. The re
porter, on the contrary, has a modest?,
salary, is not even a little great man. J
and could travel from here to Moscow j
without receiving the compliment of be- !
lng Interviewed or written about in the
neswpapers.
Yet if the two men were compared
by an eye not dazzled by the magnate's
money, the reporter would seem, in most
cases, the superior man. He, generally.
Is better dressed and has a better .man
ner than the,, magnate, and his conversa
tion Is the more likely to be interesting.
The reporter, as a cias3. has a higher
grade of mind and a better education !
than the millionaire. Among a hundred
reporters there would be more real gen
tlemen than there would be among a hun
dred self-made millionaires.
Yet with this apparent advantage of
mind and education the reporter se.dom
acquires enough money to attract the
notice of the commercial agencies. He
sees dull men all about him making
millions, and he wonders how thev do it.
He beholds stunid men succeeding n i
success is measured by money and he 1
philosophizes, cynically, on the unequal !
distribution of fortune. He Interviews a
millionaire and often puts Into the rich 1
man's head those ideas which the rich
man repeats for publication. He may J
meet the rich man at a club ard he Is j
chagrined to observe that if the rich man I
makes an ancient and dull joke every- j
Doay (including the reporter) laughs
loudly, while the newspaperman's finer
wit passes unremarked. This picture
may present the Ideal newspaperman and
only the real millionaire, but that is tho
advantage of wielding the pencil. In
fact. hOWeVPr tho infract 1 nnt tnn
sharply drawn.
It is clear, then, that brains that Is. a
general high quality of brain3 are not
necessary for financial success.
Financial success demands moral rather
than mental qualities. The newspaper
man spepds all, or nearly all, his Income.
When the present millionaire had the
same Income cs the reporter has he
lived on a quarter of It. If the reporter
had a hundred dollars he would attempt
to double it in a day and, perhaps, would
lose It, or Its Increment, at the races or
in some foolish oil or mining venture of
which he knew nothing. When the mil
lionaire had his first hundred dollars he
put It where It brought him from six to
ten per cent, and where he could watch
it
Having accumulated his first thousand
by two years of savlnsr. the nresent mil
lionaire had a second thousand at the end
of the third year. He was well advanced
in life before his fortune was large
enough to cause talk. At 30 he was rich.
At 50 the reporter will be poor, because
he will not make the sacrifices required
to gather the first thousand. A man that
once gets three thousand dollars together
need never be poor again unless he is
very foolish or his luck is very bad.
No doubt It Is a pleasant thing to have
brains, refined. If expensive tastes, and
the hablc of living genteely, but if a man
set3 out to make a million his vivacious
brains and his nice habits will be a handi
cap. Better he were endowed with a dull
mind. Industry, perseverance, commercial
caution, extreme respect for a dollar, not
much sensitiveness or conscience, and
the whole epicci with greed.
Get a. Good Pernonnlltj-.
The master of the Great Northern Rail
way, James J. Hill, has recently told
young men and woman "how to get and
keep a position."
"Always remember that, next to honor,
the quality that counts the most Is per
sonality," says Mr. Hill. "While many
will tell you that personality Is a gift Just
as surely as is the art of composing
music, let me assure you that nothing else
can be acquired as easily as personality.
if one has the mind and the inclination to
ncqulre It A bad temper, a sour disposi
tionbecoming cross and petulant when
denied your way, speaking with sharpness
when a kind word can just as easily be
uttered, and letting anger have Its sway
are faults that may be overcome If one
earnestly and persistently tries to do so.
They hinder the acquirement of a desir
able personality, and so lessen one's ad
vancement, and. more than all besides,
they shorten life. Personality Is nothing
if It is not the companion of politeness.
"No man wants to keep a person in his
employ who is not polite. Never let a
harsh or Impolite personality be the weak
link in the chain of your qualities. If it
is, you can rest assured that it is the
easiest link to strengthen. I do not mean
to Infer that one should be maudlin
and putty-like in order to produce per
sonality, or that he should assume polite
ness. Such a condition or attempt never
exalts a man; It simply makes him appear
false in the eyes of his employer. Nature
made all of us to act naturally. A bad
temper can be expurgated the same as any
other vice. Don't confound anger and
firmness. We admire a man who can as
sert his rights and stand by them, and we
more than respect a man who can say
'No,' with vigor and purpose, when 'No
should be said; but we rightly despise a
person who scolds and vociferates."
Imports and Exports.
New York Journal of Commerce.
Arsentlne Imports from Great Britain
In the first half of this year were $13,452.
532. and from the United States. $6.S54,S49.
It Is true t: .t as compared with the first
half of last year this shows an Increase
for the United States and a decrease for
Great Britain, but the fact remains that
British exports to Argentina were more
than three times as great as ours last
year and nearly three times as great this
year. The chief reason for this Is prob
ably that the British goods are cheaper
than ours;, we Insist that they are when
ever a modification of the tariff is pro
posed, and If they are cheaper they wouU
naturally be bought more freely by South
Americans. Another reason is that Eng
land buys Argentine grain, and we have
no occasion to do so. Possibly a third
reason might be found In the fact that we
take considerable pains to bar out Argen
tine wool, of which we imported 15.136
bales in the first half of this year, while
France took more than 10 times as many.
Germany more than five times as many,
Belgium more than four times as many,
and England nearly three times as many.
Great Britain and Germany exported more
goods to Argentina than we did, but
France and Belgium did not.
The Rhyme of the Country Road.
Emma Endlcott Marean. in The Churchman.
Oh, the life one leads a-tramplng.
Tramping a country road!
A-farlng in gypsy fashion
With never a gypsy's load;
Set free as the winds In Springtime,
Heart-glad as the day is long.
Rejoicing In rain or sunshine.
In tune with the robin's cong.
Oh. the things one rs a-tramping.
The green, wild things that grow.
The gleam of the tall red lily.
The tangle of ferns below;
The gay, glad life of the trcctops,
The shadows that slowly fall.
The long, still slope of the meadows
And God sky over all!
Oh. the thing one hears a-tramplng.
The whimper of woodland trees.
The call of a hidden brooklet.
The murmur of sleepy bees;
The distant roll of the thunder.
The drip of the silver rain.
The startled rush of a squirrel,
Then robin's note again!
Oh. the thlr.tr3 one feels a-tramplng.
The Joy of the country road,
A-farlng In gypsy fashion
With never a gypsy's load;
Delight in the world of beauty,
A rapture of lovo and praise.
And a will to make the truer
Tor this glory of common dayal
X0TE AND COMMENT.
Looks like snow.
Resemblance Is merely fancied, however.
Even Congress will soon be making
resolutions.
Portland offers no inducements to the
highway robbery Industry.
Czolgosz didn't get any better article of.
justice than Wade and Dalton.
The weather well, so long as it doesn't
snow we have no complaint to make.
President Roosevelt wants wild animals
protected. Tillman ought to be grateful.
Tho only way for Maclay to get back
into public notice Is to claim the author
ship of "Beautiful Snow."
People who have holly trees should now
build barbwire fences around them and
lay in a stock of bull dogs.
If the Schley matter ever gets into
Congress we wiil have to bid a long fare
well to all hopes of needful legislation.
Now is when the turkeys that outlast
ed Thanksgiving are beginning to wear
the furrowed brow of care.
. Miss Stone's captors object to being
converted. As Christians they could not
conscientiously accept any ransom money.
The solemn proceedings of the court of
claims in arranging the details of the cor
onation ought to be dramatized. They
would make a roaring comedy.
Paris is now enveloped in a fog, and
Santos-Dumont is thinking of borrowing
the Holland submarine boat fc.r his next
flight around the Eiffel Tower.
Personal Mr. S. C'.aus passed through
tho city yesterday on his way to Alaska
to lay in a supply of r.indr. He ha3
let the contract for furnishing the ani
mals this year to Itev. Sheldon Jackson.
A suit for ?5O,C0O damages has been com
menced against the company cp-ratiiig
the "looo-the-loop" at Coney Tsland. A
girl of 17 took a ride on this crj.y.y ma
chine and became delirious soon .-.fur re
turning home. A day later her mind
gave way nnd she is now in a New York
State Hospital. In bringing the suit her
guardian declares that the machine is
directly responsible for her condition, that
It Is dangerous to life and reason, and
that these facts were known to th" com
pany before they permitted the girl to
take the risk of a ride.
r -
A news dispatch from Spokane recently
stated that the project of tho Washing
ton Wnter-Power Company to transmit
electric power 10D miles from Spokane to
the Coeur d'AIenes was the greatest en
terprise of the kind in the world, o far
as distance was concerned. Tins state
ment Is disputed by a correspondent, who
says that the Bay Counties Power Com
pany, of San Francisco, furnishes power
from its Colgate plants, on the Yuba
River, 30 miles east of Marysville, through
Oakland to San Jose, a distance of ISO
miles. The current has a 40,000 voltage.
The days of whispered conferences In
the White House arc past, says a. cor-
respondent. The President sees most of
his visitors In the big reception room. Ha
goes from one to another and says what
he has to say in a voice that reaches to
every part of the room. A week or two
ago, a Justice of tho Supreme Court camo
in with his son. Then he leaned over
and whispered a few words to the Presi
dent's ear. "I am sorry," said tho Pres
identand fifty people heard him rasp It '
out "I am sorry, but it cannot bo done.
All promotions must be on merit" A
very much abashed Justice of the Su
preme Court, with his son in tow, left
the White House hurriedly.
"It is curious," says the London Chron
icle, "how St Paul's, although tho first
cathedral church In England that was
built actually for the observance of tha
Anglican ritual, manages nevertheless to
retain something of a foreign and a Cath
olic nature in the way it offers shelter to
the tired passer-by. Apart from the rest
less groups of sightseers, there arc al
ways plenty of people there who have
gone in solely for the sake of its wonder
ful peace and quiet. They have found
neither, by tho way, in old St. Paul's of
the fifteenth century, for while mas3
was being said In one chapel, a funeral
service In another, and so on, all sorts
of commcrco was carried on In the mid
dle aisle, from tho hiring of servants to
the transaction of legal business. Wo
have altered all that nowaday?, and St.
Paul's Is the quietest spot in the noisiest
city In the world."
The technical school near Kalspie. Scot
land, in which the Duchess of Sutherland
and Andrew Carnegie are jointly Interest
ed, will devote special attention to hanJi
crafts likely to enable young men and
women to earn their living. Its aims aro
thus explained by the Glasgow corres
pondent of the Montreal Star: "For bye
fairmln' will be a principal subject, an'
there will be Ian' near the school for tho
purpose o experiments. Then splnnin',
weavin' an dycln' will be developed, par
ticularly among the lasses, wha will get
besides, needlework, cookery, laundry
work, scientific dre5smakin poultry, an
dairy work, as weel as ordinary learning
like mathematics an the three Rs. The
Duchess is appealin for bursaries an
money to start a fund to meet rinnin'
expenses after the school ha3 been start
ed. She'll get It, for she has the knack
o" workin' up enthusiasm, on any subject
she tackles."
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
The general worthlessneas of advice Is ex
hibited In the fact that the average man would
rather give It than take It. Life.
Mistress I am not quite satisfied with your
references. Applicant Nayther am I, mum;
but they's the best I could get. Puck.
But a Bad Cook. "I have a friend who has
kept a cook for nearly a year." "Is It pos
sible?" "Yes; he's a jailer." Philadelphia
Evening Bulletin.
All He Had. Tom What! a dress suit and
russet shoes! That's wretched bad form.
Dick I know, but a dress suit and btockiiig--l
feet are worse. Philadelphia Press.
Kedd No. he doesn't wear anything but an
ordinary business suit when he goes oa th.5
Hnk3. Greene How in the world, then, di
they know he's playing golf? Yonkers States
man. Objection Not Sustained. "This ain't a
freight elevator." said the grumpy elevator
man. "Yes, It Is, replied the boy with tha
bundle. "It carries a big hog up and down
all day long." Chicago Tribune.
Point of View. Duffer The favorite in the
third race yesterday fell in the stretch, and
the Jockey was instantly killed. Buffer Hor
rible! DuffT I should say It was horrible.
Why, I had ?15 on the horse to win! Chicago
News.
Mra. Jenkyns I see Mrs. Hoetong Is going
to have "King Lear" at her next private
theatricals, lire. Newrich (furious with en
vy) Is she? The affected thing! Do you
know, I don't believe he's a real King at
all. Tlt-Blts.
And so Prince Charming and Princess
Brighteycs got married and he hit her with
a chair, and she would not give him any
money to pay hl3 debts and keep up his string
of horses. And eo they got a divorce, and
lived happily ever after. Baltimore American.