THE MOTCNING OREGONIAH, FRIOA?. ' DECEMBER 13, 1901.
10SSED BY A HURRICANE
SHIP LEYLAND BROTHERS PUT INTO
SAX FRANCISCO DISABLED.
Fourth Victim of the December Gale
Schooner AVlngr and Wins Com-
iasr to Portland for Repairs.
The fourth victim of the terrific gale
which swept over the North Pacific In
the early part of December was heard
from yesterday. Merchants Exchange ad
vices report the arrival at San Francisco J
of the British ship Leyland Brothers,
which sailed from the Columbia River No
vember 30. The master reports that he
experienced a hurricane December 4 in
latitude 46 north, longitude 126 west, ln-
whlch the ship was thrown on her beam
ends, shifting the cargo to starboard,
carrying away the fore topsail yard, and
main topsail and causing other damage on
deck. The ship's lee rail was under water
for 12 hours, but on the abatement of the
gale she was straightened up a little, and
squared away for San Francisco. The
leyland Brothers was dispatched by the
Portland Flouring Mills Company, and
carried 126.29S bushels of wheat. While
the Nelson left the Columbia five days
ahead of the Leyland Brothers, both ves
sels were undoubtedly caught in the same
gale.
The rough handling which theso Bhlps
have been subjected to has caused con
siderable alarm over the ballast fleet that
was due at the mouth of the Columbia
and on Puget Sound when this gale was
' raging. Tne vessels for which the great
est concern Is felt are the Glenerlcht and
Robert Duncan, both of which arc headed
for Pugct Sound. The Robert Duncan has
been out over two months from Wel-hal-wel,
and the Glenerlcht received orders
' off San Francisco Heads nearly two weeks
ago. The latter ship had made a fine run
up from. Valparaiso, and, as she had a
fair wind up the coast, was undoubtedly
very close to the Leyland Brothers when
she encountered the gale which played
such havoc. There are also about a dozen
vessels headed for Portland in ballast
which were undoubtedly very close to the
scene of the disturbance. Four of these
ships are from Table Bay the Willlsva
Mitchell, now 146 days out; Bardowie, 120
days; Blackbrae, 102 days, and Ilala, 113
days. The Bertha, from Santos, is out
105 days; Falkland Bank from Santa Rosa
lia, 41 days; Irby, from Newcastle, 84
days, and Renfleld, from PIsagua, 71 days.
The Pax with cargo from Liverpool is
out over five months.
In addition to the ballast vessels due at
Puget Sound, there are three vessels with
cargo which were due when that gale
was sweeping over the ocean. They are
the Alsterkamp and Alsterufpr, from.
Hamburg, the latter being considerably
overdue, while the Springbank, from
Greenock, Is fully due.
CAUGHT IN THE HURRICANE.
Leyland Brothers and Lnclle Go Into
San PranciNco In Distress.
SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. 12. Vessels
that have passed through the recent
storm on the Northwest Coast are now
reaching this port. Among the arrivals
today were the Lucile, from Oyster Har
bor, and the Leyland Brothers, from As
toria. The former was on her way to
the Hawaiian Islands, and the latter to
England. The Lucile carries a cargo of
coal, while the Leyland Brothers carries
wheat. Both vessels came in here In
distress. The Luclle's foretopmast and
main topgallant mast are gone, some of
her seams have opened and she has sus
tained considerable other damage. She
was caught in the hurricane off the Co
lumbia River. Her coal will probably
be transferred to another vessel so she
may be overhauled in a drydock. The
Leyland Brothers, many of whose crew
cannot speak English, was thrown on her
beam ends and badly damaged In the
storm of December 3. Her captain ex
pects to continue his voyage In a few
days.
WHERE IS THE MATTE AWANT
Much Anxiety Expressed for the
Safety of the BIb Collier.
SEATTLE, Dec. 12. A special to the
Times from Port Townsend says:
The mall steamer Gertrude, from Neah
Bay this morning, brings news which
seemingly accounts for the fate of the
collier Matteawan, now six days overdue
at San Francisco from the Sound. On
Saturday last, near Ozette, on the coast,
natives found a complete medicine chest
and several water and fireproof buckets;
also a board, and every piece bears the
name "Matteawan" plainly painted. A
boy from the Indian School visiting his
family at the reservation saw the wreck
age, and affirms the identity.
The Matteawan is one of the regular
line of colliers plying between the Sound
and San Francisco, and, owing to her
lengthy trip, was placed on the reinsured
list recently and quoted at 20 per cent.
There is little doubt in shipping circles
of this port but what she has been lost.
Sle has been a reliable steamer In the
past, and has never missed her schedule
more than a few hours.
SAN FRANCISCO. Dec. 12. At the of
fice of James Jerome, agent of the Mat
teawan, It was stated today that not much
stock was taken in the report that wreck
age of the steamer was found.
Five steamers have received Instructions
to search for the Matteawan. They are
tlw Washtenaw, Progreso and Asuncion,
bound north, and the South Portland and
Edith, which left Seattle south-bound.
There Is much anxiety in shipping circles
and among the relatives of those on board
for the safety of the vessel. She Is out
10 days from Nanaimo, and doubtless
encountered the gales which have swept
the Coast. At the agent's office Here the
hope is expreused that the steamer is
safe.
VICTORIA, B. C, Dec. 12. A dispatch
from Nanaimo says it was noticed when
the overdue collier Matteawan left Nanai
mo that she was heavily loaded, but the
captain said the ship could take 500 tons
more than she had. When news rcacTved
Nanaimo of the storm, which came the
day after she left, anxiety was felt for
the steamer. The Queen City, which ar
rived from the West Coast tonight,
brought no further reports of wreckage.
ELEVENTH WHEAT CARGO.
German Baric Emelie Finished Yes
terday and Will Clear Today.
The German bark Emelie finished load
ing yesterday morning, and will clear to
day for Queenstown or Falmouth for or
ders with 95,995 bushels of wheat, valued
at $69,300. This is the eleventh cargo for
the month to date, which is a very fair
starter for the last month of the year.
All of the docks are groaning beneath the
weight of wheat, and the ships that are
available for loading will be given quick
dispatch. None of the in-bound fleet
reached port yesterday, but the steam
ships Argyll and Pembrokeshire are both
expected today, and some of the sailers
which are long overdue ought to be in.
The Jean Bart left up from Astoria yes
terday, and the Asie will leave up today.
The Tarpenbek Is also on the way up
the river, but as she is bringing cargo,
she will not be ready to load outward as
soon as the French vessels which arrived
after her.
VIOLATION OF TREATY.
Secretary Hay Notifies Governor
That Frenchmen Are Mistreated.
SALEM, Dec 12. Hon. John Hay, Sec
retary of State, has communicated with
Governor Geer, alleging a violation in
Portland of the provisions of the Consular
treaty entered Into in 1S53 between France
and the United States, and requesting a
suppression of further practices of the
kind. Complaint has been made to Secre-
tary Hay by the French Embassy, and. I
VUDon receiving official notification of the I T
fact. Governor Geer Ivis notified the local
officers in Portland, requesting their faith
ful co-operatlcn In carrying out the pro
visions of the Corsular treaty.
The violations alleged in Secretary
Hay's report to the Governor couslet
ma!n!v In th nn, oflrma nf Tirnnr!itnr
of sailor boarding-houses, who. It Is al- I
leged. surreptitiously venture upon mer- j
chant vessels and entice seamen to desert i
or otherwise influence members of the j
crew In the abandonment of their posi- i
tions. The practice has reacrvd a stage j
that has proven detrimental to French .
shipping interests, and resulted In offi
cial notice being called to the fact.
THE WING AND WING.
Disabled Schooner In Coming:
to
Portland for Repairs. j
The schooner Wing and Wing, which
had such a disastrous experience in her
recent attempt to reach the Sluslaw River,
will leave up from Astoria this morning,
and will be hauled out in this city for
extensive repairs. She was so badly j
wrenched In the gales she encountered '
that It was thought Inadvisable to load
her until she was repaired. The Wing and
Wing will come up In tow of the steamer
Ocklahama, which will also bring the
French bark Asie. The Ocklahama was
expected to leave up yesterday afternoon, ,
but was delayed on account of the col
lision between the Latimer and the Lamo
rlclcre, the services of the towboat being
needed to separate the two vessels. The
extent of the damage to the Wing and
Wing cannot be determined until she Is
hauled out.
NEW OCEAN ROUTE.
Fast Line of Steamers Will Cnt Dotvn
the Time.
NEW YORK, Dec. .Another impor
tant step has been taken in developing
the new route to Ireland, authorized by
Parliament, which may at no distant date
provide the quickest way for mails and
passengers between London and New
York, says a London dispatch, to the
Tribune. The contract for the erection of
a pier 1000 feet long at Rosslare has been
closed. This pier Is a portion of the
scheme In which the Great Western Rail
way of England nnd the Great South
ern Railway of Ireland are concerned.
A fast line of steamers is to run be
tween Fishguard, on the Welsh coast, and
Rosslare, and the idea Is seriously enter
tained in certain quarters that this is to
be the American mail route of the future.
Rate War Not Wanted.
THE DALLES, Or.. Dec. 12. In view
of the existing rate war on the river
between the Regulator and White Collar
lines, a meeting of the merchants of this
city was held last night in the parlors
of the Commercial Club for the purpose
of discussing the matter, and, after due
consideration of the facts leading thereto,
a means of possible settlement. The
meeting was called to order by Hon. M.
T. Nolan, who presided until the arrival
of President Whealdon. After Eeveral
speeches and a general discussion of the
situation regarding the detriment to re
tail business threatened by the rate war,
a committee of three was appointed to se
cure pledges against the patronage of the
company Inaugurating these cut rates.
The following resolution was adopted:
"Resolved, That the merchants of The
Dalles do not think that any transporta
tion line inaugurating cut rates below
what would naturally bring a reasonable
profit for the money invested should be
deserving of support or th patronage of
The Dalles tradesmen."
Steamship Men in Conference.
COLOGNE, Dec. 13. The meeting of
trans-Atlantic steamship men is attended
by representatives of the principal Conti
nental steamship lines. The meeting Is
held at the instance of two of the greater
lines. Its object Is to reach an under
standing regulating traffic, to minimize
destructive competition, such as laying
up of vessels when trade Is slack, and to
apportion business. Negotiations to this
end "are proceeding with both American
and British companies. An agreement
embracing all concerns Is expected soon.
Collision at Astoria.
ASTORIA, Dec. 12. The French bark
Lamoriciere stnrted to sail out this after
noon with a pilot on board, but when near
No. 7 buoy the wind died out and the
vessel drifted against the British ship
Latimer, which was at anchor. The bow
sprit and several shrouds on the Latimer
were curried away, and the Lamoriciere
had some of her fore rigging damaged.
Neither vessel was injured below the
water line, but both will be delayed sev
eral days for repairs.
Morgan Not Concerned in It.
LONDON, Dec 12. A deal for the pur
chase of the Westcott & Lawrence fleet
of nine trading steamers, by J. It. Ellcr
man, of the Leyland Line, Is pending, but
Is not yet consummated. If the steam
ers in question are sold to Mr. Ellerman,
they will remain In the Mediterranean
trade, in which Mr. Ellerman Is now en
gaged. There is no suggestion that J.
P. Morgan is concerned In the pending
transaction.
Victor Was Too Late.
ASTORIA, IJec. 12. Sheriff Llnvllle re
ceived by wire today a warrant Issued
from the Circuit Court of Multnomah
County to arrest the master of the French
bark Admiral de Cornulier, to answer
charges brought by Victor Merrien. The
bonds were fixed at $7500. As the vessel
had gone to tea before the warrant ar
rived. It could not be served.
Cotton Steamer Afire.
LONDON, Dec. 12. The Spanish steamer
Juno, from New Orleans via Norfolk,
which arrived at Havre with fire in her
cargo, has had her fourth hold flooded
and Is aground astern. The fire has been
extinguished. Of her cargo of 5500 bales
of cotton, 4000 bales have been landed,
much of It damaged.
Body of Wheeler's Cook.
NEWPORT, Or., Dec 12. The body of
J. W. Coles, cook of the barge C. H.
Wheeler, was found today a short dis
tance below Alsea Bay.
Domestic and Foreljrn Ports.
ASTORIA, Dec. 12. Left up at 10:30 A. if.
German ship Tarpenbek. Sailed at 12 noon
British ship Cleomene, for Queenstown or
Falmouth; Norwegian steamship Guernsey,
for Shanghai via Puget Sound. Arrived down
at 1 P. 30. Gorman bark Sirene. Sailed at
1 P. M German bark Schwartzenbek, for
Queenstown. Arrived down at 1 P. M. French
bark Grande Duchesse Olga. Sailed at 2 P.
M. French bark Amlral de Comullcr. Ar
rived at S P. M. Schooner W. J. Patterson,
from Honolulu. Left up at 3:40 P. M. French
bark Jean Bart; the French bark Lamoriciere
started to sail out at 3:40 P.M.. but the wind
dying out, she collided with the British ship
Latimer, both vessels being slightly dam
aged. Condition of the bar at 5 P. 1L, smooth;
wind, northeast; weather, clear.
Seattle Sailed Dec. 11 British ship Pass of
Melford, for United Kingdom; Dec 12 Steamer
Czarina, for Tacoma. Arrived Dec 12 Steam
er Coronftdo, from San Francisco; steamer
Dolphin, from Skagway; British ateamer Falls
of Keltle. from MoJI.
Tacoma, Dec. 12. Arrived Bark Agate, from
San Francisco; steamer Czarina, from San
Francisco. Sailed Steamer Umatilla, for Se
attle; schooner W. H. Jewett, for San Fran
cisco. New York, Dec 12. Sailed Steamer
Deutschland. for Hamburg: L'Aqultaine, for
Havre Arrived Steamer Teutonic, from Liv
erpool. London. Dec 12, Sailed Steamer Minnehaha,
for New York.
San Francisco. Dec 12. Arrived Barkentme
Planter, from Port Blakeley; bark Gatherer,
from Tacoma; barken tine Addenda, from tae
Columbia River; schooner Robert R. Hind, from
Port Gamble; steamer Mandalay. from Coqullle
River; barkentlne Gleaner, from Wlllapa Har
bor; schooner Llllebonne, from Gray's Harbor;
schooner Western Home, from Coos Bay;
schooner C S Holmes, from Tacoma; ship
I Leyland Brothers, from Astoria, in distress;
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EUGENE, Or., Dec 12. The Eugene High School football eleven of this Bea
con was one of the atrongest scholastic teams of Western Oregon. The team won
from the second eleven of the State University, by a score of 20-0, and from tha
Roseburg High School, S2-0. Eugene's single defeat was at the hands of tb Al-
ttMMMMMM MMtltttHI
steamer Areata, from Coos Bay. Sailed
Steamer Empire, for Coos Bay; steamer City
of Puebla, for Victoria; steamer Aztec, for
Tacoma; schooner Volant, for Astoria; schoon
er Melancthon, for Coos Bay; schooner Henry
Wilson, for Gray's Harbor.
Liverpool, Dec 12. Arrived Belgenland.
from Philadelphia; Majestic, from New York
Hamburg. Doc 12. Arrived Steamer Graf
Waldersee, from New York.
Manila Arrived Moyune, from Seattle for
England.
Yokohama, Dec 12. Arrived Steamer Vic-,
torla. from Tacoma for Hong Kong.
Kobe, Dec 12. Sailed Steamer Ping Suey,
for Seattle. Sailed Dec 11 Glengarry, for Ta
coma; Glenroy. from Tacoma, for London.
Hoqulam Sailed Dec 11 Schooner Wawona,
from Aberdeen for San Pedro; schooner "Wcmpo
Bros., from Aberdeen for San Francisco:
scrooner C. R. Wilson, from Aberdeen for San
Francisco; schooner Roy Somers. from Aber
deen for San Francisco; schooner Queen, from
Cosmopolls for San Francisco; schooner Lizzie
Vance, from Cosmopolls for San Francisco.
Snalces and Young- Rabbits.
Mr. J. S. Compton, a Mississippi natu
ralist, has been engaged in some interest
ing studies of the habits of snakes and
their methods of killing birds and young
animals. The blacksnake is one of tho
-worst enemies of the bird kind. It will
climb a tree, and it Is not uncommon
to see a snake crawling along a high
branch to reach a nest. Once, during
the past Summer, Mr. Compton saw a
large blacksnake wrapped about the top
strand of a barbed-wide fence. It lay
perfectly still, apparently wanting the
mocking birds which flew about fo mis
take it for something Inanimate and come
within reach. The birds were too wise,
however, and the snake was finally at
tached by two, which would swoop down
upon it, pick at it, and dart away out
of reach.
"But the most Interesting case of a
snake's depredations," said he, "came one
day when I was walking through an old
Mississippi forest A friend was with me,
and we both carried forked sticks, locally
known as snake sticks, for with one It Is
an easy matter to pin a snake to the
ground, and, if desired, take it alive. I
was looking at some mulberries which
were just beginning to ripen when my
friend called attention to a noise which
he took to be cries of distress from some
young bird. We followed the sound and
located It In a bunch of tall weeds. I
pushed back the grass with my stick, and
there was a wriggling mass of something
that proved to be a chicken snake wrapped
around two baby rabbits. One rabbit was
dead, squeezed until most of Its bones
were broken, In coll near the snake's
head. The other was making tho dis
tressing cries that had -given us notice
of the trouble. The snake hold It in an
other coil further back on toward thi
tall. I slipped the forks of my snaka
stick down over the reptile's neck -and
gave It a thorough choking. It uncoiled
enough to release the dead rabbit, but
seemed to know that the other was alive
and held it. My friend hit the snake
several times, but it was not until its
head was smashed to pulp that It re
leased the living rabbit. We found that
the snake had come upon the rabbits in
their nest and seized them before they
could get away."
The Inquisitive Pennins.
Henryk ActowskI In Gcographtcal Journal.
We often met companies of six or eight
or more penguins promenading on the
pack In the sunshine. When they saw us
they generally exhibited curiosity, and
approached to get a nearer view. I do
not know if these birds have the Instinct
of the naturailst, and take a lively In
terest, doubtless purely philosophic from
their point of view, In everything new
which presents itself, or if the object of
their investigations Is entirely practical,
but they certainly came near us with
a distinct purpose of making examination.
But If we had the misfortune to excite
much cutiQjslty, they became aggressive.
One would first come close to us and
reconnoitre, and then, on his order, the
others would advance with a menacing
air, and the battle began a battle in
which we sometimes had trouble to
demonstrate effectively our super
ior strength. On one occasion
we were able to observe that
the penguins are musical amateurs.
Unfortunately we could not ascertain
if they are equally able to appreciato
"talent and classical music," for wo had
no virtuoso among us, nor indeed any
musician, although we all, without ex
ception, played numerous melodies and
even operatic airs on the ship's barrel
organ. But In any case and the thing
Is worth noting one of the sailors de
lighted to exercise himself upon the
trumpet, and the penguins came from
great distances to listen to him no doubt
to learn something new.
Often, very often, these brave penguins
amused us. and when we were tired of
preserved foods, especially with the Aus
tralian rabbits, they afforded us real
succor, after we learned that the flesh
of penguin Is excellent eating.
THE INTER-SCHOLASTIC CHAMPIONSHIP OF WESTERN
THB EUGENE HIGH SCHOOL FOOTBALL TEAM.
I H M jftftftftft6 -
FOR AN EMERGENCY FORCE
PLAN" TO REORGANIZE THE NATION
AL GUARD.
Method By Which 100,000 Men Conld
Be Made Available at First
Alar in of War.
BOISE CITY, Idaho, Dec 12. (To the
Editor.) The subject of the reorganiza
tion, and complete rehabilitation, of the
National Guard of the United States, to
which The Oregonlan very ably reverted
In the Issue of the 30th ult., is ono
which should receive the serious attention
not only of Congress, but of the State
Legislatures. I remember when General
Drum was the Adjutant-General of the
Army, 1SS0-9. he vainly tried to enlist tho
attention of the National and state legis
lators to the necessity and importance
of a regenerated National Guard. Wo
were then opposed, or at least a clamor
ous and partisan faction was opposed, to
anv considerable exnenditures for a. Naw.
because, forsooth, during the Civil War, I
we had built 30 "war" vessels In SO days,
and we could do so again, etc, etc We
have also men today who oppose expend
ing any considerable sums for warships,
because improvements are being con
stantly made, rendering, as they erron
eously suppose, the old vessels useless
or helpless. So with the Army. With It
we are so bumptious, we have so many
millions of men susceptible to military
duty, could call them into service so
promptly (without equipment or train-
lng!) that It would be a picnic to whip
the whole world. It was fortunate for
our self-sufficiency that In our recent war
we were confronted by an enemy less pre
pared thnn we were, and as It was you
all
recollect how serious we became when
the war was actually upon us,
Happily, despite our vanity, the war
taught us many useful lessons known to
military men, but Ignored, or disputed,
by the layman, and the layman doesn't
know It all yet. and Is likely, in the hurly-
burly of an active, material life, to for-
get wnai uuio ne ever um won. i.u
country cannot afford to run any more
risks for the sake of a few millions of
dollars a year. Tho only way to prevent
war Is to be fully prepared to prosecute
one. A disastrous conflict would mulct
us in a sum large enough to build thou
sands of first-class battle-ships and main
tain an efficient Army of a million of
men for a century to come.
Plan of Reorganization.
The National Guard should bo reorgan
ized under the laws of Congress. Its
members should be obliged to wear on
ofnclal occasions the uniform and equip
ments of the regular Army. There should
be detailed, by the War Department, In
the same proportion as for troops in the
field, inspectors-general for state troops.
In addition to state Inspectors. They
should be, at all times. In complete prep
aration to take the field and maintain
thfrmselves for two months without any
aid from the Government except rations.
This would give the Government plenty
of time to make a detailed preparation
for war. And there is no government in
the world, however warlike, which can
make full preparation to carry on a seri
ous war in much 'less time.
Boys Not "Wanted.
Now, In my Judgment, based upon my
four years' experience In the Civil War,
added to my recent experience In the
Spanish-American War, as Inspector-general,
the National Guard, however thor
oughly prepared, cannot be relied upon
for first service. They must have time to
weed out and recruit. They will have
a certain fraction of enlisted men under
21 years of age, and I found, as Inspector
general, that It Is the extreme of. folly
to have men under 21 years of age In the
field. It Ir the callow boys who crowd
the hospitals, who first play out, and who
get homesick. This condition of affairs
was particularly notable at Chlckamauga.
And there are other good and sufficient
reasons for the age prohibition. These
youngsters between 18 and 21, have lived, in
a sense, secluded lives; they have not
been permitted to go into saloons, both
good morals and the laws preventing,
and they have not learned, by worldly
wisdom and experience, to take care of
their appetites, and when these whole
some domestic obstacles are removed, as
they are by enlistment, the youngster,1
to prove his manhood, as he supposes,
indulges In excesses. He not only rushes
Into the first saloon he comes to af ter'pay
day, with other youngsters, all Inspired
by the same desire to show their older
comrades that they are men. and that
the inconvenient barriers of three or four
years have been removed by the act of
enlistment. They have yet to learn that
It takes a man, propelled by the desire.
only a very few minutes to get very
drunk, and that It takes Just as many
bany College team, the score being 15-0. Tho team was managed by Elza H.
Crow, who will be succeeded by Elwln McCormack. The team claims th lnter
echolaatic championship of Western Oregon.
tAAA - .at0aA46aft
hours as It took minutes to get sober. He
will get up from a good, substantial
meal, and go out to some wayside wagon
and gorge- himself with pies and sand
wiches, which you couldn't have hired
him to eat at home. It takes a young
and healthy boy of 18, or 19, or 20, quite a
time, under tho conditions above related,
to sow the germs which finally send him
to the hospital, but ho gets there In good
time in fact, they all get there together,
Unwise and Inexperienced people think
there has come upon the Army an epi
demic of enteric diseases, which they at
tribute to the water, or the climate, or
the soil everything but the true cause.
Men of 21 and over do not, except In few
cases, commit these follies. There was a
time at Chlckamauga when I was the
only, Inspectpr-General, with something
over EO.OOO men (the other four being do-
tailed to muster out troops), and I have
always regretted that I did not have a
report made, by the division surgeon,
showing the percentage of boys, from 13
to 21, elck, and cauees of sickness. In the
division hospitals. I am morally con
vinced there were not less than 73 per
cent.
Full Preparation Important.
I have referred above to the necessity
of the National Guard being fully pre
pared for the field, for a couple of months,
without aid from the General Govern
ment, except as to rations. I know of one
case of a New York National Guard reg
iment, of National reputation, reporting
to us, in May, with uniforms so service
worn that in a month they were ex
cused from dress parade, on account of
the shabby condition of their pants. They
never got fully equipped until about Au
gust. There were other National Guard
regiments Insufficiently supplied with ord-
sIght to godg and men! There were nar-
row-pointed toes, laced, buttoned, hlgn
heeled in fact, anything but a good mil
itary shoe. Of course, the Government
was not to blame for this, but if we had
o Votlnnol niinrrt nltcnvn pnnlnned for
j the fleldj the above condition could not
exiet. because tho Government Inspector
would see to it that the troops wore prop
erly equipped.
But, as I saw in the beginning, no mat
ter how thoroughly equipped a National
Guard would be. they could not be used
n tlmn tn Via atflplont lr rn nf n Sllfldeil
enjergencJ-f 6UCn ag the Spanish War pre
clpltated upon us: and t.hat Is the condi
tion wo must be prepared always to meet.
An Emergency Force.
So wo must have some thoroughly
equipped, disciplined and drilled substi
tute, vrhich can be immediately sann
wiched into the regular Army and com
manded by regular officers. I have though'
of some such substitute, an discussed
the matter with regular officers, quite fre
quently during the Spanlsh-Amerlcai
War. The organization suggested Is
briefly, to recruit under special laws ot
Congress two hifantry battalions to eacu
battalion of the regular Army. The corps
to be a special corps, recruited as the
regulars are, as to physical perfection,
tne ages to range from 21 to not over 3u
Tho officers to be "specially selected, as t
pny3ical and educational qualifications,
and wh6n organized to be assigned by the
General Government to soma particular
battalion of the regular Army. As I have
said, this corps would be organized under
special laws of Congress, Independent of
the National Guards, and not even subject
to call by the state governments in which
they were organized. They should receive
a stipend, say 10 cents a day. to forrelt
twice that amount when absent from
drills, except for good military reasons
Inspections from the battalions to which
they aro assigned should be appointed to
periodically visit, inspect, drill and In
struct the. men and hold classes for the
officers.
Now, let me illustrate: Supp"CLe that
Portland is authorized to raise two bat
talions of Infantry otTour companies each,
of 125 men to a company.
Now you have organized your battalions
and they have rocelved their equipments,
then the War Department assigns them
to the First Battalion, First United States
Infantry. Now the battalions know where
they belong. At once orders are Issued
by the Adjutant-General. U. S. A., de
tailing two officers from the First United
States Infantry, who are to act for the
ensuing year as the Inspectors-General
for the battalions. They visit them at
regular intervals, Inspect, drill and In
struct them, and report regularly the
condition of the battalions to the Adjutant-General
of the Army. As such an
organization Is a special one. under spe
cial laws of Congress, provision should
be made to send them into the field for
active camp duty with the battalion to
which they belonged, or some other con
venient regular battalion. As the regular
battalions would know which of the vol
unteer battalions belonged to them In
case of war, they would have a particular
personal Interest In fully preparing them
for the field, and. by the same token', the
volunteers would have a natural pride in
making themselves worthy of their asso-
J elates. As the corps would be a special
OREGON.
corps, young men. of soldierly ambitions
would be more anxious to join these oi
ganizatlons than any of the state organ
izations. When called Into the Held for
Instruction, they would, of course, re
ceive full pay. In the event of war, the
organization would be completed by ap
pointing the Major of the regular .bat
talion the Colonel of the regiment, or
some other regular ofllcer, as the wisdom,
of the War Department authorities dl-
rected. The senior Captain of the reg-
ular battalion to be Lieutenant-Colonel,
the battalion Adjutant, Quartermastor and
Commissary to be the regimental Adju
tant, Quartermaster and Commissary,
thus placing the regiinent under the
charge of experienced and skilled regular
officers.
Now we have 30 regular Infantry regl-
J ments, of three battalions each, making
I no battalions, which, by the organizations
suggested would become, as by magic.
SO regiments of about 1500 enlisted men
each, making an aggregate, efficient, force
of about 153,000 enlisted men. In addi
tion we have 15 regiments of regular cav
alry and 30 batteries of Held artillery,
making a total efficient force of about
160,000 men, which could be concentrated
in any part of the United States In a
week's time, fully armed and equipped for
a two months' campaign, without any
ernmenC except as' : rations This
..,. ..i .,m,.., y.iA v
until the Government made adequate"
preparations to prosecute the war, any
force, or forces, the whole of Europe
could send against us.
The details of an organization, similar
In general characteristics, to this, would
be fully expressed In the bill creating it.
I can foresee that it would meet the ob-.
jectlons of the hypercritical, and we have
a wilderness of them, because of Its ex
clusive character they would all say
Its aristocratic character while others
would oppose It because of the expense
Incurred In the small payment to the men
and officers. A brief calculation will
show that It would amount to less than
one-tenth of the wastage In preparing
for a war under the methods at present
In force. A disastrous war would entail
upon us an indemnity greater than the
expense of maintaining such an organiza
tion as suggested, for a thousand years.
DAVID VICKERS.
The Sonority of Latin.
American Ecclesiastical Review.
To us. Catholics, who know Latin, there
Is a chain of associations In the language
of our ritual, and mucn ot their sig-
nlficance Is lost If we translate the ex-
pressions Into English. Thus, the word
"patria In the O Salutarls, and "sem
per collaetcmur" In the "Ava Maris Stel
la"; so also such expressions as "Domlne
Domlnus Noster," "Quod tarn sltlo,"
"Talem ac tantum meruit habere Redemp
torem," "Popule mcus, quid feci tlbl?"
''Qui dormlunt In somno pacis," "Facie
ad faclem," "Cor contrlturh quasi clnis,"
"Virgo virginum praeclara," "Rorate coell
desupcr."
It Is our misfortune that during tho
300 years in which tho English language
was making it was in the hands of
Protestants. It is this which prompts Car
dinal Newman to say that English litera
ture always will have been Protestant.
Our best Catholic thought, even that
which Is literary In form, has been de
veloped in alien speech, and dors not
readily adapt itself to English words un
der their present connotation. And con
sequently when Catholic truth la ex-
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the breaking down of the valves, caused by the paralysis or tne muscular
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of nourishment, impaired function is the result. Statistics prove that 2o per
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pressed, as it frequently Is. In forms
which bear the stamp "Made In France"
or "Made in Italy," It loses half Its at
tractiveness. Ours Is then a difficult task.
There are helps for us if wc would only
use them. The language of the Elizabeth
an period, especially of Shakespeare, la
not un-Cathollc. nnd poetry can never
entirely dissociate lt?elf from Catholicism,
while tho romantic movement of the pres
ent century, under the leadership of Sir
Walter Scott, gives a Catholic ring to
j much of our finest literature. But many
. of our writers whose training did not fit
j them to use thfa Inheritance contented
i themselves with rendering Into falrly
readable English the results of Catholic
thinking in other lands. In their works
the charm of phrase In almost entirely
lacking; and the thoughts rendered in
precise forms have been so often given
out to tho people that they have lost
their power of stimulating, and often
produco little more emotional effect than
the truths of the multiplication table.
THEIR LAST STAND.
What the Encmten of Admiral Schley
Are Dolnpr.
Chicago Tribune.
Admirers of Admiral Schley who think
that the verdict of the court of Inquiry
will vindicate him should be upon their
guard. They are little aware what Is
going on among hl3 Inveterate enemies
to discredit him. If possible, with the
court. Those who have not been in or
about Washington have little conception
of the tremendous social pressure which
has been and" will continue to be exer
cised upon members of the court by
Schley's enemies.
The Secretary of the Navy, of course, is
the avowed prosecutor, if not persccuto'
of Schley, and is still at the head of
the Navy Department. Ee has many
cheerful assistants in this malicious busi
ness, prominent among them Higginson
of the Massachusetts, Chadwick of the
New York. Evans of the Iowa, little
Potts, and various other subalterns whose
sole business It Is to curry favor with
the department In the hope of securing
promotion. These Captains who are so
bitter against Schley unfortunately were
not In the battle of Santiago, but It docs
not prevent them from joining in the
chorus of detraction, and the possibility
of elevating themselves Is an additional
I incentive for dragsing Schley down.
The admirers of Schley may expect that
I the court will yield to this social pressure
to the extent of finding him censurable
for some things which antedate the bat-
! tie. They may yield sufficiently to de
clare that he did not do his duty at Cicn
fuegos. that he made a mistake in "tho
retrograde movement." that he should
have destroyed the Colon, and that ho
was culpably negligent in some other de
tails of service. The court, however,
cannot say anything impugning his gal
lant conduct In the battle of Santiago.
That has been established once for all.
but It may not be permitted to overlook,
what most other Americans would be
glad to do, slight errors of judgment six
weeks before the battle.
The adroit enemies of Schley dragged
In superlluous matter which the Navy
Department had overlooked, such as the
so-called "reprehensible conduct" to
which the chivalrous Sampson called at
tention when the department continued
Schley second In command for six
weeks, and then recommended him for
promotion at the same time with Samp
ion. The Navy Department now seeks
to have Schley censured for conduct it
overlooked or approved of before thj
battle. Any man of ordinary common
sense will be amazed at the tergiversa
tion of the Navy Department, but ir will
stick at nothing, even the sacrifice of
consistency, to do what It can to pull
Schley down and elevate his enemies at
his expense.
Admiral Schley's reputation would have
been destroyed long ago if it had been in
the power of his enemies to do It. For
tunately, however, there Is an appeal
even from this court of Inquiry and the
coterie of malicious enemies behind it to
the tribunal of American public opinion,
which cares nothing ror the Jealousies
of naval officials. So. even should he bo
censured by his enemies for trivial acu
which occurred long before the Santi
ago battle, it will never be forgotten by
his admiring countrymen that he was
in the fight from start to finish and it
J command of the only two .ships that had
much to do with the battle-the gallant
I Brooklyn and splendid Oregon It will
not be forgotten that those who were not
In the battle are his enemies and that
those who were in the battle testified en
thusiastically to his skill, his courage,
and his patriotic performance of duty
on that eventful day.
Inducement for Crusndera.
Westminster Review.
At the Council of Clermont. Urban, the
Second proclaimed a plenary indulgence
to those who should enlist under the ban
ner of the cross, the absolution of all
their sins, and a full receipt for all thnt
might be due of canonical penance. In
the age of earnest faith the effect of this
decree was far reaching and electrical.
At the voice of their pastor, the homi
cides arose by thousands to redeem their
souls, by repeating on the Infidels the
same deeds which they had exercised
against their Christian brethren, and the
terms of atonement were eagerly em
braced by offenders of every rank and
station. War and adventure were tho
reigning passions of the Franks or Lat
ins; and they were enjoined to gratify
those passions, to visit distant lands, and
, tn rfraA,- thelr swords acalnst the nations
i
of tne East. Their victory, or even their
attempt, would Immortalize the names of
the Intrepid heroes of the cross; and tho
purest piety could not be Insensible to tho
most splendid prospect of military glory;
their fancy already grasped the golden
sceptres of Asia; and the conquest of Apu
lia and Sicily by the Normans might ex
alt to royalty the hopes of the most pri
vate adve. urer. Besides, the natural and
artificial wealth of the Mohammedan
countries had been magnified by the tales
of pilgrims and the gifts of an imperfect
commerce. The vulgar, both the great
nnd small, were brought to believe every
wonder, of lands flowing with miik and
honey, of mines and treasure, of gold and
diamonds, of palaces of marble and jasper,
and of odoriferous groves of cinnamon and
frankincense. In this carthlj; paradise
each warrior depended on his sword to
carve a plenteous and honorable estab
lishment, which he measured only by the
extent of his wishes.
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