THE MORNING OTCEGONLO, MONDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1901.
PLEA FOR CIVIC PRIDE
BEV. JEROME M'GLADE OX NEED
OP MAKING CITY ATTRACTIVE.
Delivered an Earnest Address Be
fore Mcmlicri of Various
BourdH of Trade.
The need of making Portland attractive
was the keynote of the address of Rev.
Jerome McGlade. of the Mlzpah Presby
terian. Church to a large congregation that
filled his church last night. Many mem
bers of the various sub-boards of trade
were present. His theme was, "The Value
of Civic Pride," and he spoke upon the
words of Jeromiah In Lamentations, 11:15,
"Is this the city that men call the per
fection of beauty, the joy of the whole
earth:"
It was shown that the beautiful Is vitally
associated with religion; that religion
should be attractive; that the beautiful
assists In worship. The msral Influence
of this element was pre&cnted; that the
h'.iimn heart hungers for it; that multi
tudes are sW to drift Into crime each
ye r because of the lack of It that the
horn" has to compete with ihe "gllacd
?a or" fo: the presence of yourj men.
It as shown also that "t.ie butifying
of American cities" l -- vent being
. fr.tated; that the churcu may appropri
ately engage in the crusafle in order to
purify and beautify the 'roral and spirlt
i il .Ife. for a.s darkness and liltn are
1 i'1?, id crime' ie loacnetl and the re--.laimng
of men made mora possible. He
r Ju In part:
"I Lave been requested to preach a ser
mon upon 'The Value of Civic Pride." 1
frail treat the theme necessarily from a
m ral ;.nd spiritual viewpoint. There Is
"much that I would like to say on other
l.res vcre I treating the subject from a
lecture platform or on a week day even
ing. I will say. however, that I note with
pleasure every movement made t: beautify
Port and. I realize that there is much
to do, and much that possibly will be
done In the near future to Improve the
streets, sidewalks and buildings. Much
of the Eastern portion Is In an unde
veloped state, and until streets can be
graded and put through and a general
movement made in the way of improve
ment, the city will re.nEin disappointing.
"It seems to me that the thought of civic
prlJe Is indeed practical. I confess to a
great love for the beautiful and am per
sonally much Interested In the movement
now being made to beautify American
cities, and only hope the movement may
be general.
"The text boars directly upon the
theme, 'The Value of Civic Pride.' "ill had
fared Irael 'To hastening ills a prey at
the thne the weeping prophet took up
his lamentation.
"Jeremiah Is described as having been
'instinctively tender and retiring, shrink
ing from public life and political prom
inence, keenly sensitive to misrepresenta
tion and injustice, .sympathetic with his
nation's sorrows, affected even to suffer
ing by the criminality witnessed and de
nounced, yet with a patriotism glowing
and Inflexible, clinging to his doomed na
tion and land to the last.'
"Civic pride was characteristic of Israel,
Especially were the prophets Interested
In this matter. In this Book of Lamenta
tions this is In part the cause of the
great sorrow In the heart of the writer.
He sees the city sitting solitary that was
full of people, paying tribute when form
erly It was great among the nations and
the Princes. He saw 'the stories of the
sanctuary poured out in the top of every
streeL' He heard the passers-by as they
wagged thedr heads and clapped their
hands, saying, 'Is- this the city that men
call the perfection of beauty, the joy of
the whole earth?" Hence joy departed
from his JIfe, his heart was faint and his
eyes grew dim with weeping.
Definition of Civic Pride.
"True civic pride is first concerned with
the following particulars: It has to do
with physical environment. Jerusalem was
splendidly situated. The mountains were
round about her, and her natural beauty
was often a cause of exclamation of de
light No doubt God had in mind tho
beautiful in the natural situation of the
holy city, in its site being selected. Some
cities are so poorly, desolately located
that one would feel unfortunate In being
required to live in them. It is said that
people who have lived in the presence of
beautiful mountain summits are never
contented to be banished from them, it
seems to me that individual life and char
acter ought to be a little more Inspired
and in a degree purer, because eyes are
enabled to look upon these pure, snow
clad summits dally. But no city, howso
ever beautiful Its environments, can be at
tractive which does not have wholesome
laws, and a government that frowns upon
crime, vice and evil, while it sustains law
and order, virtue and life. One dark
feature in so many American cities is
corrupt municipal government No citi
zen can have just pride in his native city
if there is not law and order, or a stren
uous effort made to maintain these. Every
act of crime and every murder detracts
from the fair name of a city, even though
tho authorities are not responsible for
these, through a lax government. We
were pleased to note the stand taken by
President Roosevelt In his message, where
in the most straight-forward way he ap
peals for good government, and for the
putting down of anarchy. His wholesome
words commend themselves to every one
who desires a good government.
"Civic pride is concerned with good citi
zenship. The purer, the nobler, the more
generous and benevolent the citizen, the
greater the cause for felicitation.
"Again this thought of civic pride has
to do with the home life of the people,
the surroundings of the home, the char
acter of the inmates. The National life
is regarded as a reflex of the home,
"Lastly, in completing this statement
so far as I can treat it, civic pride must
be concerned with the support of those
institutions which help to uplift human
ity. "We felt privileged on Thanksgiving
day in that we were permitted to con
tribute something towards the sustaining
of well accredited institutions in our city.
Every true citizen takes pride in the pub
lic schools and appreciates their worth.
And as well should each be glad to main
tain the Christian church. Its spires point
heavenward. Its bells summon to prayer
and worship. Its sanctuaries are sanc
tifying influences. In the church char
acter is formed and transformed. ThB
glory of God in his church beautified
Jerusalem and distinguished it from every
other city. It became thus the perfec
tion of beauty. The decay of the church
in Jerusalem wrought decay in the civic
life. Such results must and will always
follow.
Beautifying of Home and City.
"Second, I desire In the further consid
eration of the theme to speak of the rela
tion of the beautiful to civic pride. This
was prominently In the request for this
sermon. I hopo to be able to show that
It is not foreign to a religious service.
The thought of beauty runs through the
Bible as well as abounding in nature.
The Lord is said to have made everything
beautiful In his time. The thought is
impressed upon us in swelling land
scapes, beautiful rivers, extended forests,
lofty mountains, in cascades, waterfalls,
rainbow and spray; in tossing oceans,
sleeping lakes, flowing fountains, bloom
ing flowers and bursts of sunsets. Also
In the presentation of God's word of a
picture of the Beautiful City, whose
builder and maker is God, we get a con
ception of the value of this element in
tho spiritual life.
"Said Dr. McCosh, The ideas to which
the mind of 'man can rise are the true,
the beautiful, the good.' He adds: 'The
beautiful Is needed to make the good and
the true attractive.' The beautiful as
sists the soul in worship. Does not a
walk through the midst of squalor and
the unsightly depress one? Holland says
that 24 hours from home will make one
a weaker man; so 10 minutes la the
presence of squalor, filth, wretchedness,
will make one less able to worship. But
there is also an immoral influence in the
opposite of the beautiful. A writer af
firms: 'The love of beauty is tho last
saving quality in all humankind that dies.
When it dies a man or a woman becomes
all but a "hopeless case. The craving for
beauty drives a large multitude to crime.'
The reverse Is true. It is related that
a, street waif happened in some wayto
come Into .a church on Easter Sabbath.
He entered a Sunday school class. Just
before his eyes was a beautiful Illy bloom
ing. He slipped out, went to a hydrant,
washed the dirt from his hands and re
turned. The purity and beauty of the
Illy had preached the boy a sermon. It
Is said that a pot of geraniums in bloom
has been known to work a miracle of
regeneration In a dingy home. Jane Ad
dams established a home in a tenement
district In Chicago and taught the peo
ple there of culture and beauty with
surprising results. Some Christian work
ers entered a depressed portion of a cer
tain city .and preached the gospel of pur
ity, beauty and salvation, and the people
transformed their surroundings so much
so that when a little boy was asked,
'Where does Jesus live?' "he replied: Un
our alley, now.'
"No doubt this maxim is true: 'A clean
spirit Is more easily obtainable where
there Is fitness of surroundings." There is
a religious significance and also moral, in
paint. Streets well lighted are less apt
to be infested with thugs. Evil walks in
darkness. It is a well-worn thought, yet
true, that homes usually have to be made
attractive If t!.?y are not deserted by the
boys and young men. Homes have to
compete by way of attraction with the
gilded saloon. I heard a minister say re
cently that If he lived in a certain city.
J the temptation to go to the saloon would
be very strong, because the other places
in the town were of such a poor and
depressing character. The environment
of the Lome, which is the city. Influences
life. Unsightly streets and houses and
buildings will not tend morally to uplift
life.
"With only these thoughts In mind (and
there arc other reasons), there Is suffi
cient reason why our cities should be
made beautiful; for civic pride to use
means toward this end. A writer ad
vances a two-fold reason why our cities
should be beautified: First, 'To make the
city more adequately express the high
Ideals of the community"; sacond, 'To In
crease for all. even the poorest citizens,
the decencies and beauties of life." But
the Influence will reach out In moral and
spiritual lives as well.
"There Is no doubt a longing in the
human heart for the beautiful. Man
has six natures to be developed. He may
cultivate the physical, the emotional, the
mental, the moral, and leave In their rudi
mentary state the esthetic and the spir
itual. The two latter are usually the
most neglected. Beauty must be within,
else men are whlted sepulchers. Prayed
Plato: 'God make me beautiful within."
Prayed the Psalmist: "Create In me a
pure heart, O God, renew a right spirit
within me. Purge me with hyssop and
I shall be clean; wash me and I shall
bo whiter than the snow.' Let there
be a crusade in our midst for the beauti
fying of our city, for what with heights
and river and snowy mountain summits
and wealth and culture. It is possible to
make Portland the perfection of physical
and material beauty. But let men also
seek moral and spiritual beauty. Let
Ideals of greater altitude than the moun
tains move the whole city. Let God
dwell In our midst. Lei Christ be a guest
In our houses and hearts. Let men seek
God as well as gold. Let immoral plague
spots be cleansed. Let the beauty of the
Lord our God be upon us, so that men
may truly say as they pass by: 'This Is
the city which men call the Beauty of
Perfection.' "
VISIT OP BISHOP BREWER.
Head of Montana Diocese Leave Af
ter a Short Stay in Portland.
The Rt. Rev. L. R. Brewer, Episcopal
bishop of the diocese of Montana, who
has been the guest of Bishop B. Wister
Morris since Wednesday, left for his
home In Helena last evening. Bishop
Brewer was a delegate to the recent
Episcopal convention at San Francisco,
and, since the adjournment of the con
vention, has been touring Southern Cali
fornia, Yesterday morning Bishop Brewer
preached at St. Stephen's Church and in
th evening at Trinity. At 4 o'clock yes
terday afternoon he preached a short ser
mon to the students of the Bishop Scott
Academy and St. Helen's Hall, in the
chapel of the latter institution. The
teachers of both schools were present,
and the regular evening service of the
Episcopal Church, was conducted by the
Rev. Thomas N. Wilson, of St. Stephen's
Church, after which Bishop Brewer spoke
to the students, the theme of his discourse
being the different callings and vocations
of life. His words left a distinct Impres
sion upon his hearers, as he made an
earnest plea for the development of Chris
tian character, along with a healthy de
velopment of body and mind. He made
a number of Interesting Illustrations on
the successes and failures of human life
and closed by admonishing the young
people to walk uprightly In their several
callings.
Bishop Brewer has been in charge of
the diocese of Montana for 21 years, and
Is a great church worker. He says that
Bishop Morris has done a grand work
here In Oregon and that he has exerted
more influence for good than any man
living, In the great Northwest.
Ixmgnvood, St. Helena,
Cornhlll.
A winding road leads to Longwood and
the interior generally, tho short cut up
"the ladder" saving a distance of some
three miles. The central square Is pret
tily sheltered with venerable-looking ban
yan trees, the yellow hibiscus, scarlet
leaved polnsettla, and crimson, orange and
scarlet erythrina (E. umbrosia), yielding
masses of color dazzling In brightness.
These plants have all been introduced
owing to the scant nature of the exist
ing native flora. In olden days the whole
island was richly wooded tho luxuriant
trees literally extended to the coast line,
overhanging the cliffs; but most of the
valuable timber such as the redwood and
native ebony has been destroyed. Herds
of goats turned loose on the Island In
creased to sucfh an enormous extent that
all the young vegetation was eaten, even
to the stripling trees. Add to this the
fact that in the clipper days parties land
ed from every passing ship to cut fire
wood without restriction, thus destroying
the woodlands in a wholesale manner.
Both the redwood and ebony exist In one
Inaccessible part of the island, and by
Judicious cultivation much might be done
to restore the existing deficiencies. Cin
chona and coffee plants will thrive on tho
higher plateaus, and systematic planta
tions would prove highly remunerative.
I myself saw stray specimens of the so
called New Zealand flax (Phorium tenax)
growing in neglected wildness on the
cliffs. It Is the well-known plant of lilia
ceous order, ratner like an aloe In ap
pearance, and called flax. I presume, on
account of the splendid fiber it yields of
a recognized economic value. St, Helena
has had its palmy days; now it suffers
from neglect, to be used more as a dumping-ground
for lost Napoleons, Zulu chiefs
and th.2 rebellious Boers. On this very
occasion we Interviewed the Zulu warrior
Dlnlzulu, whose eyes gleamed with an un
comfortably hungry look at his guests,
as If to take stock from a gastronomic
point of view. The island has certain ad
vantages as a place of political exile,
but that Is no reason why a once flour
ishing crown colony should be neglected
from an economic and reproductive stand
point. Mayor Hart, of Boston, has been nom
inated seven times for the office he now
holds. Mayor Lincoln, one of his prede
cessors, was nominated seven times and
elected seven times. The first Mayor of
Qulncy, who held office at various periods
between 1822 and -1S2S, was a candidate
nine times, and was elected six times.
WILHELM'S COAL MINE
LAE COUXTY PROPERTY THAT
MAY BECOME VALUABLE.
Capital Cornea to the Aid of the Orig
inal Ovrner, and Extentclvc De
velopment Work Will Begin.
For more than 10 years J. M. Wllhelm
and his son have been working at a coal
prospect In Lane County, about 12 miles
southeast of Eugene. They have tunneled
Into the hill 1030 feet on a coal seam more
than six feet thick, that runs as high as
54 per cent fixed carbon on chemical
analysis.
From lack of ventilation it became
necessary to suspend work in the tunnel,
and the Wilhelms went bapk on the hill
and started a shaft down toward the tun
nel level, Intending to make connection
ENTRANCE TO THE WILUELM
a5jf'te,-.!3fe? fed' ? ''r.-iSHH
with the tunnel and thus establish ventl- see how you get them ready for market,"
latlon that would permit more extensive I The cattleman smiled. It was a long sto
underground work. The shaft was carried 1 ry to tell the bishop, and the cattleman.
down a deth of 150 feet, where a spring
of water was struck that soon filled the
shaft to within 43 feet of the surface.
Then the Wilhelms, who had clung tena
ciously to their prospect all these years,
permitting no one to assist them with
either labor or money, from the fear that
such assistance would eventually result
in depriving them of tholr mine, realized
that they had reached the limit of their
power to develop their coal prospect, and
that the only alternative of abandonment
was to call In capital to assist In the
work.
They took the matter to Eugene men,
who soon organized a corporation known
as the Cascade Cool Mining Company.
F. M. Wllklns, of Eugene, Is president,
J. E. Simmons, of Portland, Is vice-president,
and J. R. Campbell and R. M. Day.
of Eugene, respectively, secretary and
treasurer. J. M. Wllhelm, the original
owner of the property, and who was for
merly a Pennsylvania coal miner. Is man
ager of the company. The authorized
capital Is $1,000,000. Arrangements are
now in progress for installing machinery
and proceeding systematically to develop
the property.
After the shaft Is drained, it must be
sunk 70 feet further before it will reach
the level of the tunnel. Then thore will
be 400 feet of tunnel yet to excavate be
fore connection will be established be
tween the tunnel and the shaft. That will
make the tunnel more than 1400 feet long
and the &haft 220 feet deep. The tunnel
now drains Itself, having a slight dip
toward the entrance, so when the con
nection between it and the shaft shall be
made there will be no further expense
for draining the shaft, the tunnel being
able to take care of all the water that
reaches It. When that degree of develop
ment Is reached, there will be definite
knowledge of just what the property Is,
and the matter of getting the coal on the
markst will then engage attention.
The Wllhelm mine Is only three miles
from the Southern Pacific railroad, Cres
well being the nearest station. The coun
try Is rolling and the wagon roads are
none too good, though they might be put
in good condition for Winter and Summer
teaming at a small cost. But full devel
opment of the mine will Involve the build
ing of a railroad spur so that coal may
oro feet.
zysssss&k
DIAGRA3I SHOWING THE WOUIC DONE OX THE WILHELM COAL PROS
PECT, IX LAXE COUNTY.
be run from the mine bunkers to the cars.
The nature of the country Is such that
an easy grade may be obtained. The
company expects to push development rap
idly and get coal on the market before the
end of the coming year. There Is no doubt
that It will find an eager market, for the j
coal is of excellent quality, and It can Finding a range simply meant going to
be supplied at low price. The company j fome place not already crowded and turn
has 0 acres of the coal land. ,n the cattle loose to rustle for them-
The PedlKree Ilnntcr.
Gentleman's Magazine.
Of late years there has sprung up a
class of men who, for a consideration,
will supply the would-be aristocrat with
a pedigree, but always authentic,, as we
have seen In the Shlpway case.
This pedigree may be either "noble" or
otherwise, according to the desire of the
buyer. The "otherwise" pedigree nrob-
aciy costs more umc ana money in tne
... 1,. . .. 1
preparauon, tnougn mere is no uouot
that It is the more honest of the two.
Now, let us suppose that Sir Joseph
Tompkins, the newly made Baronet, de
sires a "noble" descent. The Tompkins
family Itself is by no means noble.
Tompkins the father was a builder, who
made a considerable sum of money, and
Tompkins the grandfather was a grocer
I who waited, ready aproned, behind his
own counter; Tompkins tho Baronet made j range riders were expected to dismount
his fortune In railway contracting. Sir , from their horses and twist the tails of
Joseph's memory goes back to the time j the mired stock until sufficient ambition
when his grandfather, the grocer, was j was aroused to Induce a scramble for do
about to retire from business; he remem- ground. Many an old range cow. not
bers the unsavory little shop Just off appreciating the effort being made In
Holborn, and he ponders on the meaning I her behalf, has turned with terrible fe
of the surname Tompkins. "No; better roclty upon her rescuer and exhausted
not dig too deeply Into the Tompkins ; her Temnant of strength In the effort to
famllv his ton-." he says to the genealo- horn her friend.
gist, "but all the same I will have a noble
pedigree." The paid genealogist sets to
work and produces the required article,
and a few weeks later a framed parch
ment is hanging up in Sir Joseph's li
braryfor the great man has a library of
many colored bindings on the top of
which are the magic words of Edward
III., ICIng of England, and at the bot
tom, In large capitals, Sir Joseph Tomp
kins, first Baronet.
WESTERN CATTLE BUSINESS
Hovr the Great Industry
Was
Built Up.
CHICAGO. Dec. 7. Shortly after the
Episcopal gathering In Ean Francisco a
great New York bishop Journeyed East
ward across the plains In company with
the owner of "cattle upon a thousand
hills."
"Those are mine." remarked the cattle
man to the bishop, pointing to a great
herd of cattle ranging la a Colorado val
ley. The bishop looked with Interest at
the cattle.
"Ah," ho said, thoughtfully, "I "don't
COAL TUXXEL, IX LAXE COUNTY.
being of few words, bided his time.
The next day tho limited train was
speeding through the beautiful farming
region of Eastern Nebraska. The bishop
was keenly alive to all he saw. Great
corn fields spread away for miles over the
rolling country and openings were dotted
with herds of fat cattle, which looked
prime for the butcher.
"These Nebraska cattle look much bet
ter than your cattle in Colorado," said th
bishop, lingering his eyeglass and turning
his kindly and unworldly glance toward
hLs companion In an Inquiring way.
"Thoso cattle there are mine, too," said
the cattleman, briefly. "They were bacK
there six months ago," and he jerked his
thumb towards the west, to Indicate Colo
rado. "We grow "cm out there and finish
them In transit. They are on the way to
Chicago by easy stages, eating the corn
and hay of tho farmers as they go. They
will be In Chicago In CO days, ready
for the butcher. It takes six months or
more to go from the range to the market
now. It used to take six days."
And thus the bishop absorbed In a prac
tical way. but without grasping Its full
significance, the change which has come
over the range cattle Industry since the
day? when President Roosevelt was a
deputy Sheriff on the banks of the Medo
ra River In Dakota.
In the early times it took money,, dar
ing and physical endurance to bo a suc
cessful range man. Today It takes more
money, a liberal supply of brains, keen
business Instincts and experience to make
a success In the same line. The question
of physical endurance and daring spirit s
not so important, but as a rule the men
who succeed even today are of the big
frame, indomitable spirit, venturesome dis
position and prompt action -as of old; for
the breadth of the prairies and close con
tact with Nature In her wildest flights or
fancy soems either to make thnt kind or
men or else she eliminates the others from
her list of favorites.
There were men present In the great
cattlcgrowers" convention held in this city
during the past week, who. 20 yenrs ago,
rode the ranges warning the few farm
ers in the country not to give any feed to
stray range cattle driven by stress and
storm to the shelter of fences and ranch"
buildings. Today these same men are rid
ing the ranges buying all the hay they
can find or making contracts with the
farmers to feed a certain number of cat
tle during the Winter
Few and simple were the rules govern
ing the cattle business of the Western
plains as many as 20 years ago. Given a
herd of cattle, it was a comparatively
easy task to find a range for such a herd
seives.
The trail herds generally arrived at a
given point during the Summer some time
and were allowed to scatter throughout
tho country, and the natural topography
and supply of water Influenced their sub
sequent movements. During the Winter
two or three men were employed by the
owner of these thousands or cattle, to ride
the range. This range riding generally
meant an effort to keep the stock within
certain district. The district being so
; large, however, that was a compara-
tlvely easy matter.
In the Spring there was a little more
activity at the home ranch, for when the
ground was soft and the grass had not
yet started to grow, the cattle, hungry
for the first signs of green, got Into mud
holes or snow banks, and being so
weak from the effects of a long hard Win
1 ter. many of them were mired down and
I unable to rise to their feet Then the
I oo r-ee-t ?
Downing, Hopkins & Co.
ESTABLISHED 1S03-
WHEAT AND STOCK BROKERS
Room 4, Ground Floor Chamber of Commerce
The few settlers In the West at that
time had small patches of ground -under
fence and a stack or two of hay sur
rounded by a high corral. In the des
perately severe and blinding snow storms
of the plains the range cattle were driven
against these fences and corrals or fre
quently sought shelter behind them.
They would often stand In these places
until they starved to death, and the
farmer, pitying their condition and dis
regarding the fact that they did not
belong to him. would, when feeding his
own cattle, throw a little bunch of hay
over the corral fence to these miserable
dying animals from the range.
It was a mistaken kindness In the eyes
of the cattle owners, for having once
obtained a bite of feed at the hands of
a humane rancher, the range animal
would stay there the rest of the Winter
or until It starved to denth, In the ex
pectation of receiving further bounty.
The most desirable quality in a range
animal was considered the ability to
rustle for food where It was extremely
difficult to get. and the farmers and the
cattlemen made Indignant protest when
the farmers discouraged stray cattle
from hustling for themselves. It was not
uncommon to see notices posted In vari
ous places warning the ranchers under
extreme penalty to refrain from feeding
range cattle, and these notices would bo
signed by either the round-up association
Itself, or by some cattle-man whose power
was recognized throughout his country.
There are still certain sections of the
West where these conditions prevail, but
they are now extremely limited In area.
New methods have been adopted which,
while they may sound more humane and
thus receive Indorsement from those who
saw only the cruel side of the range cat
tle business, are also more satisfactory
and profitable to the owner of the cattle
than those which prevailed In the earlier
days of the business. It Is not humanity
alone, or perhaps in any degree which has
brought about the change In the handling
of range cattle. The old methods are
now Impossible of application in many
places, owing to the fencing up of the
water supply and the over-grazing of tho
range. It Is also recognized that the old
methods are vastly extravagant and un
businesslike, and unprofitable, as com
pared with those which are now gener
ally In force.
Today the owner of a big herd of cattle
cither owns, leases or otherwise controls
a large body of land. He may range a
large number of cattle on the public do
main, but from his own land he cuts as
much hay as possible and pastures the
weaker cattle, 'cows and calves during
the most critical season of the year,
which Is the last half of the Winter and
the early Spring.
The amount of hay he buys Is only lim
ited by the amount he can get at reason
able price, .for he finds more money In
raising a thousand head of well-developed
cattle of good blood and always In
fair condition, thus showing a very small
percentage of loss, than he did In own
ing 10,000 head of Inferior stock, with a
small percentage of calves and n loss
account at the end of the year, which
often re'ached from 50 to GO per cent of his
entire herd.
-It has been said that more money is
"made by an Eastern farmer, say, in Wis
consin, out of 300 or 400 head of sheep,
carefully herded and liberally fed, than
Is made by a Western sheepowner with
a herd of 2000. who trusts to Providence
to bring him favorable seasons and a
small percentage of loss. This Is un
doubtedly true, and Is even more so In the
cattle business.
The Western rancher who has a liberal
supply of land and an Irrigated field
from which he can harvest an ample
supply of hay, can take 100 head of cat
tle and make a generous Income from tne
comparatively small herd with a surenes3
and a profit which Is impossible to the
man who owns 1000 head of cattle, drift
ing from one range to another, trusting
to the winds to clear the prairies of snow
and to openings In fences to find a place
to water.
The cattlemen of the West, represent
ing the range Industry, now recognize the
desirability of controlling exclusive use
of United States free grass, and are ap
pealing to Congress to enact a law al
lowing them to lease the public lands.
They have raised an alarm as to the beef
supply of the future, making the asser
tion that If the range Industry perished
meat would come high to the American
consumer.
In making this appeal the Western cat
tlemen underrate the Intelligence of thrj
people as represented In Congress, for It
Is easy enough to ascertain that more beef
comes to the Chicago markets from the
densely settled area of Illinois than from
all the range country of the West. It Is
the man who can pasture, feed and care
for his livestock who furnishes the beef
to the markets of the United States. It
is a recognized proposition, impossible of
controversy, that if the Western ranges
of today were susceptible of cultivation
and were occupied by home builders and
small farmers they would be capable of
furnishing 10 times or more the livestock
which Is now shipped from them.
'The settlement and cultivation of the
Western States Is to the Interest of the
Eastern consumer, and not for monopoly
by range men. who allow 25 acres of prai
rie for the support of one cow.
Failures In the cattle business have been
very numerous during thv past few years,
anil, as a rule. It will be found that these
failures have resulted from lack of abil
ity to realize the changes which have
come Into the industry.
It takes a man of brains and ability to
handle any business In which S100.CCO is
Invested: It takes a man of more than
usual ability, brains and foresight to suc
cessfully conduct for any term of years
a range cattle business representing that
amount of Investment. To realize upon
his capital and labor the successful cattle
man of today must thoroughly understand
the sources of supply of young stock,
must recognize the demand for Improved
blood and the profit there Is In the grad
ing up of his cattle.
He must arrange for their breeding and
for their support to a productive age upon
tho prairies of the West. He must see
that they reach the corn belt at just the
right time to get best returns for a
minimum amount of. feed, and that they
finish this perfecting process at such a
date as to yield from the market a profit
able price. A man of ordinary ability and
Industry can run. a merchandise business
with average success without serious fear
of trouble. To conduct a business such
as the raising and marketing of cattle re
quires more than these qualities.
It Is a business which In all Its rami
fications extends over many states. It Is
affected by foreign trade and by domestic
prosperity or hard times. It Is closely
allied with the agricultural Interests and
.largely dependent upon them for Its suc
cess.
A successful and well-informed cattle
man, dealing with the range and with the
Eastern market. Is one of the best-Informed
all-round citizens this country
can slow. In addition to his ability as a
business man, he Is enterprising, daring.
energetic and Industrious. All who fall In
these qualities are gradually succumbin
to the law of the survival of the fittest,
The Importance of the range cattle bus
nerjs Is declining rapidly, but the Impor
tance of the ranch and farm cattle Indus- 1
try Is Increasing In tremendous ratio, for 1
each census reveals additional millions of '
Americans who demand a quota of meat
In their rations. No people In the world
are so well fed. and no people In the world I
eat so much meat per capita
The American working-nan Is poor In-
eed who dons not havn moat unnn his
deed who does not have meat upon his
table every day In the year, and yet tho
average worklngman In Europe considers
himself fortunate if he has meat once a
week. It has been possible to supply the
Increasing demand of this Nation and its
foreign trade because of the spread of
farms Into that area of the United States
which was formerly devoted to vast herds
of range cattle.
The decline of the range Industry per se
Is a beneficent feature of our domestic
expansion, for It has declined by reason of
the encroachment of more intensive meth
ods, and It is a guarantee that the Amer
ican people will not get meat-hungry even
though, the population of the country Is
doubled within the next 50 years.
J. D. WHELPLEY.
Advantages of the EnRllNlx Canteen.
National Review.
To sum up the advantages of the system
In the fewest possible words:
O) Officers will be relieved of duties
which never should have been thrust upon
them, and will be free to devote them
selves to their military duties.
(2) Soldiers will be freed from duty as
salesmen and accountants in. canteens.
(3) All profits will be secured to the sol
dier, combined with low prices -and good
quality.
(4) All possible incentives to corruption
will be removed, so far at any rate as the
troops are concerned.
(5) Temperance will be Indirectly pro
moted by removing all Inducements to
push the sale of drink.
(6) The cost and Inconvenience of shift
ing canteens with every shift of quarters
will be saved.
(7) Army service will bo made more
comfortable, and recruiting cannot fall to
be Improved In consequence.
HAIR WON'T FALL OUT
If You Kill the Dandruff Germs With
tlie Nevr Treatment.
John N. Fuller, a well-known citizen of
Colfax, Wash., says: "I had dandruff so
badly that It caked on my scalp. Her
plclde completely cured me." George H.
McWhlrk, of Walla Walla. Wash., says:
"Herpiclde completely cured me of a bad
case of dandruff of 30 years' standing."
They took the only really sensible treat
ment, a remedy that destroys the dan
druff germ Newbro's Herpiclde. Stop
dandruff, hair won't fall out, but will
grow naturally, luxuriantly. Allays Itch
ing Instantly and makes hair glossy and
soft as silk. At druggists. One bottle
will convince any doubter of Its merits.
Regulates the menstrual flow, cures ku
corrhoea, falling of the romb and all the
1 other ailments peculiar to women Buy
a $1 bottle from your druggist to-day.
MEN
No Cure ,
o Pay
THE ilODEUN APPLIANCE. A poaittva
way to perfect manhood. The VACUUM
TREATMENT cures you without medicine of
all nervous or diseases of the generative or
gans, such as lost manhood, exhaustive drains,
varicocele, lmpotcncy, etc. Men are quickly re
stored to perfect health and strength. Write
for circulars. Correspondence confidential.
THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO.. room 47-43
Bafp Deposit hulldlnc. Seattle. Wash.
TRAVELERS' GUIDE.
Who
Travels in
Tourist Cars?
All sorts of people professional
men, farmers, business men every
body but the very rich and the very
poor.
For long trips where economy Is
an object, the tourist sleeper is un
equnled. It Is clean, comfortable,
and much less expensive to ride In
than a standard sleeping car.
The St. Louis Special carries a
tourist car. Get aboard it at Port
landget off at Lincoln, St. Joseph
or Kansas City. Only one chango
to Omaha, Denver and St. Louis.
information at this office.
TICKET OPf ICE: Cor. Third and Stark St
R. W. Foster. Ticket Agent
Pacific Coast Steamship Co.
For South-Eastern Alaska
LEAVE SEATTLE:
Steamships Cottape City.
City of Seattle, or City or
Topeka. at 9 P. M. about
every fifth day.
For further Information obtain company's
folder.
The Company reserves the right to chango
steamers, sailing dates and hours of sailing-,
without previous notice.
AGENTS N. TOSTON, 249 Washington St.,
Portland, Or.
F. . CAKLETON. N. P. R. R. Deck. Ta
corr.a: Ticket OIKce. 113 James St.. Seattle. M.
TALBOT. Comm'l Agt.; C. "tt. MILLER. AbsU
Gen'l Agt., Ocean Dock, Seattle; GOODALL,
PERKINS & CO.. Gen'l Agt9.. San Francisco.
J
WHITE COLLAR LINE
STR. TAHOMA,
DALLES ROUTE.
Winter echedule Leaves foot Alder street
every Tuesday. Thursday and Saturday morn
ing, 7 A. M. Leaves The Dalles every Sunday,
Wednesday and Friday morning. 7 A. M.
Stops at all way landings for both freight
and passengers.
ASTORIA ROUTE.
STR. BAILEY GATZERT (Alder-St. Dock).
Leaves Portland dally every morning at 7
o'clock, except Sunday. Returning, leaves As
toria every night at 7 o'clock, except Sunday.
Oregon phone Main 351. Columbia phono 331.
:!M(ai!
to0 Special Announcement! t '
r- New Serrlcc to Mediterranean, j,!"'
k I Tho otw tlg?.ntlc twln-tcr steamer F
Uommonweniin, ija iods, vw icti ions, p
4D.1LZ.A.DRU. EHTPT. Jftn and Feb. 12. b
OS 1WW S.S "Ccrabrortnan" from BOSTO.N TO s
iJ OinRlLTCR. 0K.NO1 1.1 D MrLKS. Jan. 15. and "5
ri Feb. 25. 1302.
eg Tho?. Cook Son. P O. Gen'l Abu.
. " Bil Markot Sl So Francisco. Csl."
I WISE CARDUI I
WwMSMM
liullMilili
WSmm
TRAVELERS' GUIDE.
Oregon
ShotXinE
AMD
THREE TRAINS DAILY
FOR ALL POINTS EAST
UNION DEPOT.
Arrive.
CHICAGO-PORTLAND
SPECIAL.
For the East via Huat-
Ington.
9:00 A. M.
Dally.
4:30 P. M.
Dally.
SPOKANE FLYER.
For Eastern Washing
ton. Walla Walla. Lew
Iston. Coeur d'AIene and
Gt. Northern Points.
(t:15 P. M.
Dally.
7:00 A.M.
Dally.
ATLANTIC EXPRESS.
For the East via Hunt
ington. 8:CO P. M.
Dally.
8:10 A. M.
Dally.
OCEAN AND -RIVEII SCHEDULE.
FOR SAN FRAN
CISCO. SS. Columbia
Dec. 8, 18. 2S.
SS. Geo. W. Elder
Dec. 3. 13. 23.
From
Alnsworth
Dock.
8:00 P.M.
5:00 P. 3C
FOR ASTORIA and
8:00 P. M.
Dally ex.
Sunday.
Sat. 10
P. M.
5:00 P. M;
Daily,
ex. Sun.
with sir. for Ilwaco and
North Beach, str. Has-
saio. Aan-street Dock.
FOR CORVALLIS and
way points, str. RUTH,
6:45 A. M.
Mon.,
Wed.,
FrL
6:00 P.M.
Tuea.,
Thurs..
Sat.
(Water permitting.)
Trrvrt r a vty--vt r
7:00 A. M.
Tues..
Thurs.,
Bat.
3:oO P. 2L
City and Yamhill Rlv-
Mon..
. iAimu, air. AlOUOC,
Wed..
Frl..
(Water permitting.)
! J
TICKET OFFICE. Third and Washington.
PORTLAND & ASIATIC
STEAMSHIP CO.
For Yokohama and Hong Kong, calling at
Kobe. Nagasaki and Shanghai, taking freight
via connecting steamers for Manila, Port Ar
thur and Vladlvostock.
KNIGHT COMPANION SAILS DEC. 28.
For rates and full Information call on or ad
dress officials or agents of O. R. & N. Co.
EAST via
SOUTH
Leave
Depot Fifth and
I Streets.
Arrive
OVERLAND EX
8:30 P. M.
8:30 A.M.
PRESS TRAINS,
for Salem. Rose
burg. Ashland. Sac
ra m e n to. Ogden.
7:15 A. M.
7:00 P. ac
San Francisco, Mo
jave. Lod Angeles,
El Paso. New Or
leans and the East.
At W o o d b urn
(dally except Sun
day), morning train
connects with train
for ML Ansel. SU-
verton. Browns
ville. Springfield.
and Natron, and
Albany Local for
Mt. Angel and Sll
vcrton. Albany passenger ...
Corvallls passenger.
10:10 A. M.
3:50 P.M.
4 :00 P.M.
7:30 A. M.
':50 P. M. ISherldan passenger. H8:25 A. M.
Dally. HDally except Sunday.
Rebate tickets on sale between Portland.
Sacramento and San Francisco. Net rates
$17.50 first class and $14 second class. Second
class Includes sleeper; first class does not.
Rates and ticket to Eastern points and Eu
rope. Also JAPAN, CHINA. HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA. Can be obtained from V. A.
Schilling. Ticket Agent. 254 cor. Washington
and Third.
YAMHILL DIVISION.
Passenger Depot, foot of Jefferson street.
Leave for Oswego dally at 7:20, U:40 A. M.;
12:30. 1:55. 3-25, 4:40. 0:25. 8:30. 11:30 P. M.;
and 0:00 A. M on Sundays only. Arrive at
Portland dally at C:35. 8:30, 10:50 A. M.;
1:35. 3:10. 4:30. G:15. 7:40. 10:00 P. M.; 12:40
A. M. dally, except Monday, 8:30 and 10:05
A M. on Sundays only.
Leave for Dallas dally, except Sunday, at
5-05 P. M. Arrive at Portland at 0:30 A. M.
Passenger train leaves Dallas for Alrlla Mon
days. Wednesdays and Fridays at 3:50 P. M.
Returns Tuesdays, Thursday and Saturday.
Except Sunday.
R. KOEHLER.
ManLger.
R. B. MILLER.
Gen. Frt. & Pass. Agt.
TIME CARD
ORRAINS
PORTLAND
Leaves. Arrives
Overland Express 2:00 P. II. 7:00 A.M.
Twin City. St. Louis &
Kan. City Special 11:30 P.M. 7:43 P.M.
Puget Sound Limited, for
South Bend, Gray's
Harbor, Olympla. Ta-
coma. and Seattle 8:35 A.M. 5:20 P.M.
Two trains dally to Spokane, Butte, Helena.
Minneapolis, St. Paul and the East.
A. D. CHARLTON,
Asst. General Pass. Agt..
233 Morrison street. Portland. Or
ySyrTiiJtjy
lu)L-SgpJo
((d)
cijV
i i i i
Ticket Office 122 Third St. Phone 63Q
LEAVE
No. 4
0:00 P. M.
The Flyer, dally to andJARRTVE
from St. Paul. Mlnne
No. 3
:00 A. M.
apolls. Duluth. Chicago
and all points East.
Through Palace and Tourist Sleepers, Dlnlmj
and Buffet Smoklng-Llbrary Cars.
JAPAN - AMERICAN LINE
STEAMSHIP SHINANO MARUJ
For Japan. China and all Asiatic points will
leave Seattle
About December I7th.
Astoria & Columbia
River Railroad Co.
Depot Fifth and
I Street.
ARRIVE3
For Maygers, Rainier,
Clatskanle, Weatport,
Clifton. Astoria, War
renton. Flavel. Ham
mond. Fort Stevens,
Gearhart Pk., Seaside.
Astoria and Seashore
Express,
Daily.
Astoria Express,
Dally.
S.-00 A. M.
11:10 A.M.
7:00 P. M.
9:40 P.M.
Ticket office 235 Morrison st, and Union Depot.
J C. MAYO. Gen. Pass. Agt.. Astoria. Or.
Salem, Albany, Corvallls, Ore
gon City and Davton.
Steamer Pomona, for Corvallls, leaves 0:45
A. M. Tuesday. Thursday and Saturday.
Steamer Altona. for Dayton. leaves 7 A. M.
Monday. Wednesday and Friday.
Steamer Leona, for Oregon City, dally (ex.
Sunday). 9 A. M.. 12:30. 4 P. M. Leaves Ore
gon City 7:30 A. M., 11 A. M.. 2:30 P. M.
Round trip, 23c.
OREGON CITY TRANSPORTATION CO..
Office and dock. loot Taylor at. Phone 40.