THE MOKNING OBEGONIAN, THURSDAY, NOVEMBEH 28, 1001.
II
START AT DALLES
Congress Will Be Urged to
Begin Upon River Work,
PROSPECTS OF SUCCESS GOOD
IVkile Oresron Delegation Slay 3fot
Get Entire ?4,0O0,00O, Congress
man Moody la Hopeful Im
provement Will Be Made.
Con&reEBman M. A. Moody is of opinion
hat it will be oosslble to get, thB new
plan for Improvement of the Columbia
Klver at The Dalles adopted by Congress
at the coming session and an appropria
tion sumclent to start the work. He hard
ly expects, however, that the entire pro
ject will be provided for at this session,
nor does he think it necessary that the
whole appropriation of $4,000,000 be made
now. "While ho would be much gratified
to have the new plan adopted by Congress
and the entire improvement authorized at
once, he will be reasonably well satis
fied to get transferred to the canal and
locks project the money that Is now lying
Idle in a Xund for the boat railway
scheme. This would give something more
that dw.000 for starting the new work.
As It necessarily takes a good deal of time
to obtain rights of way and get ready for
the actual work of construction, this sum
of money would probably bo all that
could be profitably used before Congress
would have opportunity to deal further
with the matter.
The visit of the rivers and harbors
committee to the Inland Empire and to
the dalles of the Columbia last Summer
will help us much in our efforts tor the
Upper Columbia," said Mr. Moody. "Sev
eral members of the committee, Including
Chairman Burton and Representatives Al
exander, Reeves and Ball, went out with
me and climbed around the rocks and
got a very clear Idea of the nSture and
extent of the improvement proposed.
They saw the natural canal for 9000 feet,
requiring only the blasting of a few Jut
ting points to make navigable. An engi
neer from Captain Harts' office explained
just how It was proposed to overcome
dangerous rapids. They had the report of
Captain Harts, giving full data respecting
his survey. AU this matter they examined
on tne ground and they were fully con
vinced of the feasibility of the improve
ment. They were also convinced that the
Importance of the Interests to be servea
Warranted the expenditure called for, for
they had made a personal examination of
6. good deal of the upper country and were
fcware of its extent and resources. The
only thing that could prevent the commit
tee from recommending an appropriation
Tor this Improvement Is the fact that the
iemand from all quarters is so pressing
that It Is impossible to comply with all
teid of necessity some must be arbitrarily
tut out. I do not believe, however, that
the Upper Columbia will receive this
treatment. I shall do everything possible
tor It, and I knaw I shall have Influential
I urport. It 1 were a member of the com
mittee on rivers and harbors I might be
tble to speak more definitely of what
would be done,
"I have Just returned from a trip over
Irto the Wallowa country. There Is a
rery rich valley that would be entirely
tributary to the river If navigation were
unobstructed. Kow the outlet of the
Grand Ronde and "Wallowa Valleys is by
rail over the mountain ranges, and It is
Ixpenslve. The country naturally trends
lo the Snake, and transportation to mar
ket would be cheap by water. There Is a
Jetton richer In natural resources than
many an Eastern state, that was not In
cluded In the calculations of the commit
tee at all when It was making up Its estl
teate of the territory to-be benefited by
a open river."
The work of Mr. Moody in taking Pro
fessors Pinchot and Newman through
tastern Oregon last Summer is also in
the line of Increasing the development or
that extensive region that Is tributary to
the Upper Columbia. From this he ex
pects there will result authorization of
Irteslan wells for irrigation purposes, the
Government to sink tests wells and make
1 geological survey that will guide private
wners In the same line of enterprise.
ee planting to anchor the shifting 6ands
9t the Columbia is another thing that has
Ingaged part of the Congressmen's atten
tion, and he expects Important results to
some from the examination made by Gov
ernment specialists at his invitation.
Congressman Moody left Portland Mon
Jay night over the Northern Pacific for
Washington, where ho will arrive Satur
tay and organize his work for the ses
sion that is to open Monday.
AGAIN SEEKS NOTICE.
Lebanon Philosopher Seises on the
Text-Book. Question.
LEBANON, Or., Nov. 16. (To the Edi
tor.) The Question of text-books for the
bublic schools of Oregon has once more
been settled for a period of six years. A
revision of the course of study has been
made in order to conrorm with the new
terles of books, and more especially with
the new text-books added to our schools
by the Text-Book Commission and the
State Board of Education.
There Is a very general belief among the
patrons of the public schools that It was
kot wise to add more studies to the course,
ks tnere were already too many for the
pupils to do Justice to them all. It is a
notorious fact, and cannot be successfully
lenled, that there are too many studies
tn our schools, and that it is impossible
lor the pupils to cover the ground, and
that successfully, that Is laid down by
our course of study. In the language ot
an eminent educator, "we have been pur
suing the cramming process."
It was hoped that the Text-Book Com
mission would give us relief on this
point, but Instead they Increased the dose;
and the Legislature passed a law that
requires the course of study to be pur
sued or else forfeit 25 per cent of the
school funds back to the state. Under
the old course, as I said before, there
were entirely too many studies; The Ore
gonlan has had something to say along
this line from time to time during the
past few years, yet the editor of that
great dally was a membefr of the Text
Book Commission that selected the state
KhocI books together with almost a car
load of supplementary books.
At this time 1 wish to quote from an
editorial that appeared In The Oregonlan
Jaly 21 of this year: "Many topics arc
rut out of the grade work that are treated
la the text-books." Now I want to ask
why this Is true. The answer Is, simply
becaure the schools have had so many
studies that they have not had time to
Co the work thoroughly. The Oregonlan
further said: "This is notably true In
a-khmctic, mental and written; so lament
ably true, indeed, that the drill In mental
arithmetic is conspicuously weak, as any
one can prove who cares to put the aver
age pupil who has 'pttssed the grades' to
ample tests. As to the drill in written
arithmetic, ask any pupil 'ready for the
High School to work an example In bank
discount, ard he will reply, 'We skipped
that'; ask him to find the tlirference in
time between Portland and New York and
lie wi.l answer, 'We skipped longitude and
time'; ask him to extract the cube root of
a. number and he will probably reply, 'Oh,
I will learn that when I take up algebra
In the High School "
To prove my position that there are too
many studies I wish simply to call atten
tion to the daily programme as carried out
la our schools today. For example take
the fifth grade children who have the fol
lowing studies as text-books: Reading,
writing, spelling, written arithmetic, men
tal arithmetic, geography, language, his
tory, drawing, music, physical culture and
nature study, this docs not Include the 13
different topics for supplementary read
ing. Now the Idea of alchlld 11, 12 or 13
years of age having 12 studies and 13
topics for supplementary work! No won
der the cry goes up from all over our
state that there are too many studies.
No wonder the patrons complain of hav
ing to buy so many books and so much
paper and tablets aside from the studies
above mentioned. Children are loaded
down with paper and tablets and are com
pelled to write everything down until they
are made a machine of; they are rushed
from one thing to another at such a rate
that they hardly have time to think. Their
Individuality and originality arc not de
veloped as they should be, under the
present course of study. Elementary
geography Is taken up In the third grade,
when the pupils are entirely Incapable of
reading in it, and Is to be completed in
the fifth year; comprehensive geography
taken up at the beginning of the sixth
year and to be completed at the middle of
the seventh; now what do you think of a
pupil completing geography, say at the
age of 14 years.
it certainly is sufficiently clear from the
citations I have made that something is
radically wrong In our public school
course; studies which are necessary In
life must be neglected to follow out the
specified course of study, and for no other
reason than simply want of time to give
them proper consideration.
This has been true under the old course
of study; and what are we to expect un
der the new which adds the text-books on
music, nature studies and physical cul
ture? In addition to this Is the following
course of supplementary reading for the
grammar grades, taken from the course
of study as published by State Superin
tendent J. H. Ackerman: (Here follows,
In Mr. Miller's manuscript, the full course,
which It Is unnecessary to reproduce.)
No one denies but that these are valu
able books and what they contain are
splendid things to know; but have we the
time for ail this, and is the pupil's mind
in shape to receive it ln our grammar
schools? It Is hardly to be supposed that
a child will learn everything by the time
he Is 14 years of age. It Is a nice thing
for boys and girls to learn all these
things, but the public school cannot do
everything. The public school should be
devoted to giving its pupils that which Is
essential and practical: something that
will earn them, a living; something that
will appeal to them In everyday life.
In my bumble opinion the great and
principal aim of the public school should
be to Instruct the child In reading, writ
ing, spelling, arithmetic, geography, his
tory and grammar. But In addition to
this we now have physical culture, music,
physiology, nature study and drawing.
The one great object of the public school
Is to teach the child to read. It Is not
the number of books they read from
that should be uppermost In the teach
er's mind, but how well they learn
to read. If a child Is a good reader he Is
more apt to read for himself than If h.e
Is a poor reader. Reading well and
reading understanding tends to create
an appetite for good literature.
Our public schools today are filled up
with fads. Professor Lewis Soldan,
Superintendent of, Schools of St. Louis,
Mo., began an address before the Na
tional Teachers' Association recently
held, by saying: ''Some well-meaning
and Intelligent critics of the public
schools charge that education has run
mad by Including too many superfluities.
A prominent business man, who has tak
en much Interest In education by writing
to the public prints, by presiding over
meetings of parents and patrons of pub
lic schools, states that if any superin
tendent could find the courage at the
present time to oust these studies from
the public school curriculum, he would
win lasting famo and would deserve the
gratitude of every parent and friend of
education. There is no doubt but that
there arc certain defects in our edu
cational system that have attracted pub
lic attention and aroused the censure
of the public press."
"Wc should look well after our public
schools for they are the safeguard of
our republic The strength of our Insti
tutions lies not In our armies and navies,
but In the patriotism and intelligence
of opr people. We have today about 17
millions of students in our public schools
and academics, 95 per cent of whom rer
celvo all the education they ever acquire
within the walls of our public schools;
therefore let us look well after their in
terests. M. A. MILLER.
NO MEETING WILL BE CALLED
State Association of County Officers
Will Xot Be Convened.
Judge A. G. Bartholemew, of Morrow
County, who Is president of the Associa
tion of County Judges. Assessors and
County Commissioners of the state, does
not intend to call a meeting of that body
very soon, as Its meetings heretofore
have not been productive of practical re
sults. "We organized for the purpose of sug
gesting Improvements In the assessment
and taxation laws," he said at the Per
kins yesterday, "but there were too many
different opinions among us, and we could
not agree on anything specific. Oregon
Is a large state, and Its different geo
graphical and climatic conditions seem to
work against a uniformity of laws.
"We have had four meetings In Portr
land, and, although they were pretty well
attended, we arrived at nothing conclu
sive. There seemed to be as much trouble
reconciling individual opinions on any
one measure as there Is in the Legislature
when a new law Is being debated.
"I think, however, that the present
method of collecting taxes twice a year
will work a hardship on the people on our
side of the mountains. Our taxpayers
have little or no money on hand In April,
the time appointed for the first payment.
The new law provides that a penalty
shall be attached after the tax becomes
delinquent In the Spring. Wo would much
rather pay the whole amount In the Fall,
when our farmers and stockmen have
mone on hand from the sale of their
products.
"The new Road Supervisor law does not
work to our satisfaction, and I would
favor a return to the old system. At pres
ent District Supervisors are elected by
the people, and, as they are accountable
to no one, very little work Is done on the
roads, while the bills that have to bo
paid amount to more than ever. Very
few citizens care to run for the office,
and the County Central Committee some
times puts the candidates' names on the
ballots without the owners' knowledge.
"When such men are elected they seldom
qualify, and If they do that may be the
last of it.
"The present law provides that Road
Supervisors shall be paid 52 per day for
every day occupied on the roads, and the
bills are paid on being sworn to. For
cutting Russian thistles they are paid $3
per day, but the Russian thistle docs not
prove to be the dangerous pest at one
time supposed, and so very few Super
visors put In their time hoeing down Rus
sian thistles.
"When Road Supervisors were appoint
ed by the County Courts, they were under
the surveillance of these courts, and wero
not paid unless the Justice of their claims
was fully established. Now all bills arc
paid on presentation of the proper affi
davit, and It Is nobody's business as to
whether the work has been done or not."
Well Asnin.
The many friends of John Blount will bo
pleased to learn that ho has entirely re
covered from his attack of rheumatism.
Chamberlain's Pain Balm cured him after
the best doctors In the town where he
lives (Menon, lnd.) had failed to give re
lief. The prompt relief from pain which
this liniment affords is alone worth many
times it cost. If troubled with rheumatic
pains, lame shoulder, lame back, or stiff
joints, give It a trial and you are certain
to be delighted with the prompt cure
which it will effect. For sale by all drug
gists. One of the Jolllect clubs In Farls, It Is stated,
Is one formed exclusively of deaf and dumb
.persons.
AR1 IN CAMLRA EXHIBIT
FINE DISPLAY OF PRINTS MADE BY
OREGON AMATEURS.
Original and Benutlful Effects Arc
Produced by Care In Mounting
and Framing.
The best exhibit the Oregon Camera
Club has ever shown Is now to be seen in
the clubrooms on the second floor of The
Oregonlan building. "When it Is remem
bered that Portland, or perhaps It would
be better to say Oregon, contains some or
the finest amateurs to be found In Ameri
ca today, the full force of this fact will
be understood. This, the seventh annual
exhibition, will no doubt attract large
throngs to the cedar-scented rooms, gay
with choice flowers and the Stars and
Stripes. These rooms will be open to vis
itors from 2 P. M. to 10 P. M. during the
remainder of this week, to allow inspec
tion of this superb display by Oregpn art
ists. Landscapes predominate this year over
portraiture and genre, and there is a not
able improvement, not only In the photo
graphic work, but In the care given to
mounting and framing, many original and
beautiful effects being produced. A much
larger number of pictures are framed than
4tti )MMMMMHMMMMMM O
1
M. A. A. C. ELEVEN'S RIGHT GUARD.
B. E. VAN VOORHIS.
B. E. Van Voorhis, who Js playins right enard on the Multnomah Club' elev
en this year, besan playing football with the Eldora High School, ElVlora, la.,
poveral years ago. In 1897 Van Voorhl3 entered Drake University, where he
played on tlie 'varsity team for three years. He was graduated from Drake
last June. Van Voarhia. Is regarded as
nomah line-up. Ho strips at 183 pounds,
----C-
ever before at an annual exhibition given
by the club.
Miss Lily E. White has a strong collec
tion that Is attracting universal admira
tion. They are all carbon prints. , "The
Meadow," No. 1S5, Is a most charming
composition, the lines of a wilful little
stream that pursues Its vagrant course
through lrls-scented grasses, lending a
whimsical grace to the picture that is as
capltlvatlng as It is erratic. The line ot
the horizon Is broken by a delicate tracery
of trees: and the soft glamour of a dew
laden atmosphere is admirably caught. It
you let some exclamation of delight es
cape you at the witchery of curving lints
In the little brook, you will quite likely
hear Miss White respond with a. frank
laugh, "OH, that picture was made with a
ehovel." And sure enough, her quick eye
had detected the opportunity to make an
enchanting landscape out of the stretch
of meadow at Fulton Park that lies be
tween Portland and the Ladd place, mere
ly by damming up the little stream In one i
place and allowing it to run wildin an- lows sunset, sifting through the trees a
other. ! brilliant bit of color. The frany; har-
A group of Indian pictures shows Mis-s ', nionizes admirably with the print, which
White in another vein. "A Shadow of the Is a toned platinum. E. D. Jorgcnsen has
Past." No. 190, Is a Warm Spring Indian a notable collection of foreign pictures,
mother and her baby, their dark, polished and bamuel, C. KCrr an interesting group
skin and stolidity of poso melting lrnper- j of Hunt Club photographs, H. J. Thorne,
ceptlbly Into the shadows of a dim, un- j In his "Evening Study," No. 14G, acts an
lighted background. The frame is a example that should be followed by oth
"Rembrandt," a double-dressed wood of . ers. L. C. Kcnrlchsen has a number ot
deepest brown, enriched by vague under- j good subjects, but his "Castle Rock" is
tones of red, that. Indistinct and only half too bold and rugged a thing for a clr
secn, lend the one touch of warmth that j cular frame,
belongs by right to every Indian picture, j H. Claussunius, Jr., has a picture of ex-
"The Protest," No. 1S7, Is brimful or . traordinary beauty, "Twilight, No. SS, the
breezy humor. One sees It in the lnujrh- Flemish frame suiting It admirably.'
Ing face of the Indian mother, and In the ; The new members of the club have ac
outburat of unavailing passion on the part quitted themselves with remarkable
of the baby, who is In a state of high re- i credit.
beliion against his tormentors, a swarm
of hunsrrv tiles. Other Indian nlctures bv
Mies White are equally happy.
Her "Bridge of Hope" Is a novelty that
has not before been seen In any exhibit.
at least among Portland art-lovers. A i
rainbow has been caught by the camera I
with remarkable success. It Is indeed un-
"av"IV "" """ tt wmii"u -
" wTThevVie.W WaB nal?
from Miss White's houseboat, near Castle
Rock, on the Columbia, last Summer.
Will H. Walker has a notably beautiful
picture, "After tlie Storm." No. 174, which
Is a wonderfully successful marine, it
shows the sea In one of those rare mom
ents Immediately following a violent rain
storm, when the angry shadows In the sky
seem struggling with Nature's rentier
mood. The peculiar charm of the picture
lies in tne unauiattng grace of the long,
snaky curves made by the line of surt,
rippling In foam upon the beach. This ef
fect was evidently obtained by placing the
tripod a little out from the shore In the
water, so a3 to control a view of tho
beach lengthwise.
A portrait-head of Marie Vclguth in re
pla, remarkable for the grace and simplic
ity of contour, and the candor, sweetness
and life of the expression. Is also a new
contribution from Mr. Walker. The beau
ty of the picture Is greatly enhanced by
effective framing, In soft, glowing cherry,
that tones perfectly into the delicate tint-
lng of the print, yet makes it stand out
from its fellows on the wall as one of the
most conspicuous and effective features
Of the exhibit.
"Love's Token," No. 169, 13 also new. It
represents a young woman In flowing me
dieval gown, entering the cathedral door
with a rose in her hand. Mr. Walker's
other pictures notably strong ones are
no strangers to the public, owing to their
recent exhibition at tho Exposition. Both
Mr. Walker's and Miss White's groups are
marked "not for competition."
General satisfaction Is being expressed
with tho result of the cup contest. Mrs.
Charles Ladd certainly deserved recogni
tion for her work. She has made a new
field for herself in flower photography,
throwing Into her pictures a grace and In
dividuality of flowcr-expresslon that
places her work on a distinct plane of lfc j
own, quite apart from that of others. The i
group of neur-fle-us, "Eyes of Earth," Is
fresh from Nature's heart, and Is most
happily framed In black carved wood,
splashed with green. No. 103, "Messengers
of Spring," daffodils and single tulips, all
swayed In the same direction as by some
unseen force. Is even more beautiful, and
shows more Individuality of treatment.
Several landscapes hang near this flower
group. A somewhat freer use of the. knife
in eliminating masses of. light that inter-
fere with the simplicity and harmony of
we cunipisjuuu, wouia seem iu uu uccuiiu
In these. "Solitude," No. S9, Is the best;
if It had been In marine blue instead of
sepia, It might possibly have gained In
depth of gorge and atmospheric trans
parency. The collection as a whole, how
ever, Is undoubtedly one of the most in
teresting and attractive In the room
Miss Bertha Brcyman's landscape, No.
33, that won the Excelsior cup, Is entitled
"Leafless." It Is an excellent composi
tion, and breaths the glamour Of -Autumn.
The sense of atmosphere Is won
caught by the use of rough paper. No.
35, "An October Morning," Is a delightful
bit of perspective, and Is very-daintily
framed In paper, touched up with the
bru3h.
A. E. Morris has one of the finest pic
tures in the room, which might easily ba
overlooked on account of Its small size,
viz., No. 113. It Is a portrait of his grand
father, and would probably bear enlarging
to five times its present size.
Harry G. Smith has succeeded in pro
ducing an unusually strong marine In 134.
It represents a big three-master with all
her sails spread, the strength of the pic
ture lying In the unpremeditated grace of
the lines that make up the drapery of the
sails.
O. M. Ash has on display the best ma
rine that ho has cvor exhibited in the
club No. 18, "Just One "Wave," a bis
breaker with a heavy sea behind it. "Be
fore the Storm," No. 20. la good, the ef
fect of mist and distance being happily
caught. Nos. 21 and 10 also deserve at
tention. "Her Last Moorings," No. 15, is
one of' the best players In the Mult- i
and Is 5 feet 11 Inches in height. f
q-0--- h -Q
so marred by poor framing that it is hard
to tell what the effect would be under
more propitious circumstances.
Miss Maud Ainsworth has one of the
strongest collections In the room. Her
technique Is as near perfect as it is pos
sible to make It. "Semper Fldelis," No, b,
Is as fine a platinum as could bo found,
perhaps. As an exhiHt of general work
Miss Ainsworth closely escaped being the
winner ot the Judd cup.
V. H. Beebe is well known for the deli
cacy and charm of his work; but he has
not given his best to the exhibit this year.
T. Blrdsall also had a close call for a
prize, the Excelflor cup, but Just missed It
In his "Evening," No. 6. E. C. Clement
has a capital study of a donkey, which he
has entered as a portrait, "Mr. D ". H.
Forbes' "A Misty Morning," Is a charming
study In gray.
A. Gavin has one of the most striking
and interesting pictures on the walla, viz..
; hi3 "Evening Glow," No. 63, which is a
study of the red splendor of light that fol-
PATH OF PROGRESS,
"Wasco County Steadily Developing
Latent Resource.
, Georse w. Simons, of the Pacific
. Bridge Company, returned yesterday from
! ip to the mouth of White River, which
mntV, mtn th n.-.. LJl L,
empties mto the Deschutes, where his
company is finishing up an electrical plant
that will soon be furnishing light and
power to The Dalles, 35 miles distant. At
the latter place tho new flouring mill Is
practically complete, and is almost ready
, f0 tho coming power, which has been
going to waste for ages.
j n hs lriD t0 the Deschutes Mr. Simons
0ciVV "mot cjjccuujb me piow ami
taking advantage of the present good
condition of the ground. While the Fall
was very dry. there have been half i
dozen recent showers and one slight nput
ter of snow. It now gets quite frosty at
night up there, but the days are bright
and bracing.
On ills 5-mile ride across the country
Mr. Simon3 found the roads rather rough
for 12 miles out from The Dalles, but for
the rest ot the distance they were good.
All livestock was In excellent condition,
and the country has plenty of hay for
winter use if needed. Many stock shelters
, hav0 been built, and among them is a
I nW barn put up by j. H. Shearer, which
wl hold 20O head of cattle. Formerly
..win n that rarlnn VmH nn aVinlto.. -
"Winter winds or sudden snows. Much
general progress has been made In the re
gion between The Dalles and the Des
chutes, an? much more Is confidently
looked for.
I The Better Hcrltngre.
I Mary Applewhite Bacon, In Harper's Magazine.
Gray twilight on the sea and on the land;
The time of atars not yet, and day's sweet
Eky
Bereft of sun as heart of heart'a supply.
Slow pacing still tho melancholy strand,
"O let me live." I wept, "or let me die
"Escape thl3 death In life!" Then one drew
nigh.
"The fool's word death," he said, and took my
hand;
And ere I was aware on alien land,
'Neath allf-n skies, I stood, and knew It
mine.
Awful and dear; a land of time and sense,
Of wind-flower on the rock, and forests dense.
Sun-radiant holghts, and human eyes' soft
shine:
Where heart might love, hands labor, soul
divine.
Flesh veiled, new splendors of Omnipotence..
rnnrQT BtCCDVC Dil If V
PjftCj KlOlKVl lULIt I
MANY REFORMS TO COME UNDER
HITCHCOCK'S NEW ORDER.
Chief Weight Will Hereafter Be Laid
on Field "Work-More Reserves
at Once.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 23. The follow
ing Is the full text of tho recent order
of Secretary HUhcock, of the Interior
Department, by "nhlch the officers of the
new Forestry Bureau of his department,
as well as Commissioner Hermann and
nil Land Office officials are hereafter to
he guided:
General Policy.
First Additional forest reserves, with
boundaries drawn to liberate the smallest
possible amount of scrip, should be ere- !
uteq during the present Winter, before the
disappearance of snow from the moun
tains permits the establishment of addi
tional claims next Spring. The wide ex
tension of the forest reserve areji Js, in
my judgment, the moat vital need of our
Western forests and of the vast Inter
ests which depend upon them.
8econd Every effort should be made to
Sain the good will of residents in and
near the reserves, and especially to create
public sentiment against forest fires and
the willingness to assist In reducing
them.
Third The use of real agricultural land
within forest reserves for agricultural
purposes should be promoted and encour
aged, and every other resource of the re
serves should bo made available for the
conservative use of the people.
Fourth Systematic Investigation of the
reserves should be undertaken, and every
effort should bo made to make tUcm ac
cessible and useful.
Fifth Each forest reserve and each
part of a reserve should be dealt with on
Its own merits. The present system of
uniform rules for diverse conditions is
simply destructive, Similarly, the pay of '
forest officers should be varied from
place to place In accordance with tho
expenses devolved upon them by the per
formance of their duties.
Administrative Policy.
First In accordance with your Inten
tion, tho chief weight should hereafter
be laid on field work, In contradistinction
to the present plan, which administers
the reserves purely on tho basis of pa
pers and reports from the office point of
view, with little reference to -actual work
In the field.
Second Field and offlco work should
be brought Into close contact, and every
unnecessaiy step should be removed. The
office of superintendent is such a step.
. Third As opportunity offers from time
to time, the office of superintendent
should gradually be dispensed v.ith and
tho necessary supervision over super
visors and rangers should be reached
through the medium of Inspectors famil
iar with tho woods.
Fourth The direction, control, and dis
cipline of their subordinates In the field,
and the responsibility for them and for
their work, should bo left as largely as
possible with the higher resident forest
officers, The interference of the office
In these matters, beyond, a certain point,
damages the authority and destroys the
responsibility of, the superior officer.
Fifth Every effort should be made to
create an esprit do corps among the
forest officers. To this end good work
should be recognized by promotion, and
the distinction between field and office
men should be obliterated as rapidly as
possible. Especially should the field men
bo made to realize that the department
Is behind them.
Grazinc
The central Idea should be co-operation
between the Government and the grazing
interests in securing tho best manage
ment and bringing about the best condi
tion of the ra-hge.
First The Government, through its for
est officers, after consultation with the
representatives of the various interests
Involved, should decide on the number
of head to be grazed In each forest re
servo or each subdivision of a reserve
and should establish the boundaries be
tween cattle range and sheep range.
Second The. local associations should
assign ranges to owners within the lim
its thus laid down, subject to official ap
proval. Third Both owners and local associa
tions should be held responsible for the
observance of tho terms of permits and
tho prevention of fire and overgrazing.
Fourth Each sheep owner should have
the exclusive right to his range, and
the same should apply within reasonable
limits to groups of cattle owners.
Fifth Permits should run for five
years.
Sixth Residents should have preced
ence In all cases over tramp owners and
owners from other states.
Seventh Local questions should be de
cided on, local grounds and on their own
merits In each separate case.
Eighth Since the forest reserves are
usually Summer ranges, provision should
be made for necessary routes of transit.
Ninth The policy of the Government
should be based on regulation rather than
prohibition, except in special cases. It be
ing understood that the avoidance of
overgrazing is equally In the Interests of
all parties.
Business Prnctlcc.
First Before the opening of the next
field season the rules and regulations
governing the forest reserves should be
thoroughly revised, and enough copies
should be printed to insure familiarity
with their provisions on the part of all
settlers located within them and of those
who make use of their resources. At
present unfortunate Ignorance is the rule.
Second The sale of mature live timber
whose removal will benefit the forest
should be encouraged.
Third The relations between the Gov
ernment and the purchaser should be
mado as direct, simple, and business-like
as possible.
Fourth Dead, down, and hopelessly In
jured timber should be disposed of In all
cases as rapidly as possible. Its pres
ence is always a threat to the forest, the
forest soil, and the conservation of the
water supply.
Fifth Timber ready for the ax should
be advertised In advance of applications,
and marked and measured In advance
of sale whenever the conditions of the
forest, the probable market, and the
force available will permit. Purchasers
will thus know exactly what they are
paying for and a principal cause of In
justice and complaint will disappear.
So far as the law will allow? and effi
ciency and safety will permit, the cost
of advertising timber sales should be re
duced. A register of timber ready for
sale should be kept for public Inspection
irV the office of every supervisor. Market
prices should rule.
Sixth Applications for timber cutting
should reach the General Land, Office
from the field accompanied by all papers
necessary for a decision. The present
practice of returning such applications
to the field for report should be discon
tinued. Every effort should be made to
act rlromptly on such applications. No
other single feature of the present ad
ministration has led to so much criticism
as the failure to take prompt action.
Seventh Authority to grant applica
tions for small amounts of timber, with
in carefully fixed limits, should be vested,
so far as the law will permit, In the
forest officers In tho field.
Eighth A record of timber sold as well
as of applications for sales should be
maintained, such that a glance will show
precisely what has been sold and what
Is proposed to be? sold.'ln any reserve, to
gether with the progress of each case.
Should Be Prohibited.
Ninth The cutting of unmarked timber
should be absolutely prohibited, and so
far as possible all timber should be
marked and measured In advance of sale.
Tho present system of uniform marking
hammers should be discarded and each
ranger should be given a distinctive
Ignited States branding hatchet and made
responsible for Its safe -keeping No
hatchet lost should be replaced. Conse
quently its fraudulent use would immedi
ately be detected.
Tenth The scale used la measuring
legs, the equivalent of cords in board
feet, the rules for disposing of brush and
for the protection of the forest In logging,
and other similar standard information,
should be printed for the information and
guidance of purchasers and forest ofll-
ccrs.
11. Blank forms should be provided or
revised for the making of applications
for timber sales and grazing permits, and
for reports by forest officers upon the
same.
13. The present policy of nppolnting as
forest officers men totally unacquainted 1
with the conditions or requirements of "
their work should be discontinued.
13. Forest officers should be required to
live In the reserve where they work. Ex
ceptions should only be tolerated in the i
case of residents in the Immediate vicinity
under special circumstances.
14. Supervisors who have much work to
do, as is notably the case In the Black
Hills, are at present tied to the office by
the amount of routine correspondence
whleh claims their, attention. Such offi
cials shbuld have a clerk or stenographer.
and should be given assistance in the !
field of rangers of a higher grade than
those at present employed.
15. Proper provision should be made for
expenses for travel and subsistence of
forest officers moving about by common
carriers In the performance of thejr duty.
The present prohibition of the use of the
telegraph should bo removed. Very seri
ous delays may often be avoided by the
expenditure of Insignificant sums.
16. As occasion serves, head rangers,
with pay of 51CC0 a year, should be given
charge of a number of ordinary rangers,
and should occupy to some , degree the
position of assistants to the supervisors.
Two such men should be employed at
once In the Black Hills.
Salary of Rnngerii Too Low.
17. Permanent rangers should receive
not lees than 575 a month. Instead of the
present rate of $G0, and should be re
quired to keep as many horses as the
enicient performance 01 tneir worn may
demand. This change should be made very
gradually, no ranger being promoted to
the higher pay until It has been positive
ly ascertained that he Is a fit man for
permanent retention. Additional men,
temporarily employed during the searon
of peculiar danger from fire, should be
called forest guards, not rangers, and
should be placed under the direct orders
of the permanent rangers, instead of being
on the same footing, as at present.
.18. A set form, to be filled in with
data of training and experience, should
accompany every application for a Hold
position. The present form is Inadequate
and Incomplete.
19. The first duty of forest officers 19 to
protect the forest against fire. Rangers
should be ordered, as they are now for
bidden, to leave their own beats when
necessary to assist In extinguishing fires
on adjoining beats. The fires this seoaon
in Washington, Oregon and other portions
of the West havo been more destructive
than for several years. It should be mide
known In certain reserves, with unmistak
able clearness, that all timber killed by
fire after January 1, 1002, will be charged
for at the same rate as green timber.
0. Prompt payment of temporary as
sistants engaged to fight fires should re
place the present dilatory practice, which
has seriously interfered with firo protec
tion by discouraging the settlers.
A ainch-Xcctlcel Reform,
21. The system of dally reports by
forest rangers should be abolished at
once. It serves no useful purpose what
ever, and fails wholly to secure faithful
work. On the contrary, It is a constant
provocation to falsehood, and encourages
a feeling that the report, and not the
work, Is the mater of first importance.
A regular monthly report, with additional
reports when necessary, should take its
place and should bear ratner on tne con
dition of the beat and the progress of the
work than on the occupations of the
22. The construction of trails should
be pushed throughout the reserves, and
the blazing of boundary lines, the collec
tion of information regarding advisable
Increases- or retrenchments of the reserved
area, the mapping of tho timber, and sim
ilar work should proceed steadily through
out the year whenever the forest officers
can be spared from other field dutlc3.
23. Every forest officer In charge of a
reserve shou'd. be required at once to
ascertain, map, and report the patented
occupied lands within such reserve, the
character of such patent and the names
and occupations of the owners. Officers
of local land offices should be Instructed
to furnish promptly any necessary In
formation. It should be the duty of every
forest officer to report at once any fraud
ulent entries or claims within his charge.
24. Lists of ownership of all lands
within the forest reserves- should be pre
pared at once by the General Land Of
fice and placed In the hands of the field
men. , , -
25. Fraudulent mining claims In consid
erable numbers have been located, notably
In the Black Hills forest reserve, in or
der to secure possession of timber. If the
law permits, It would be extremely desir
able to require the assent of the local
forest officers before mining claims In
forest reserves wore accepted as valid.
Meeting of Western President".
NEW YORK. Nov. 27. According to the
Journal of Commerce the object of the
meeting of Western railway presidents,
which has been called for Thursday, De
cember 5, in this city. Is to discuss the
tariff and rate situations. Such a confer
ence, coming at tlie presont time, when
the consolidation of the Northwestern
railroads has Just been accomplished. Is
regarded as quite significant, and It has
been suggested that thl3 conference will
discuss the union of railroad Interests In
the Northwest. The situation will be
thoroughly canvassed, but It Is not
'thought likely that any result of action
determined upon will be made public.
England Is Imitating tho pension system of
the UnUed States. There is a bill in Parlia
ment providing a scheme for pensioning the
widows and orphans of soldiers who have died
In the South African War. This measure Is
being hastened by the ofllclali ot the War
Omce, In order to stimulate enlistments in the
arrm which nrf now vrrv lo
C. GEE WO, The Great Chinese Doctor
Is called great bo
cause hla wonderful
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known throughout
the United States
and because so many
people arc thankful
10 him for saving
their lives from op
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any and all diseases
with powerful Chi
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buds, birk and vege
tables that are en
tirely unKnown 10
medical science In
this country. and
.,. ,h . ,,.. nt these harmless reme
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he has successfully useln,erIt",t,d'
eaees. He uuarantees to cure catarrh,
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trouble, and all private diseases. Hun
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Call and see him. COMsULAAiltJN
FREE. Patients out of the city write for
blank and circular. Inclose st.'mp. Ad
dress THE C. GEE WO CHINESE MED
ICINE CO.. 132Vi" Third street. Portland.
Or. Mention this paper.
NEWGRA
And iNVEHTSQS! I
Wc lirwe aoiP, excuMTe Control.
Sent you on TrinlaEdApprovnl
1'ay only It pienrrd. .Mencf teaso
b-Hone with 7n-illntt frk-rVr
SVKTIOATn Writ for our
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ERiE MEDIO AL OQ EUfFALO, a. T.
A child three years of age died oi
drunkenness the other day in New York
City. The parents said they had giVexr
the child whisky to strengthen him.
In their absence "he found a bottle of
whisky and drank from U, until he fell
over in a drunken stupor, from which
the physiciau could not arouse him.
That ia only one case in several, cases
of baby drunkards recently noted. The
important fact is that alcoholic stimu
lants quickly develop the alcoholic habit
in children. This fact is just as true
when the alcohol is disguised as a medi
cine, a ,tsarsaparilla,' or other "com
pound." So many medicines contain
alcohol, to the same extent that it is con
tained in beer or whisky, that parents
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Thereis absolutely no alcohol, whisky
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It is a blood-making and bod--b;uJd:ng
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"My fditr year old daughter had suffered from
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Mrs Lizzie Atsn of Baldruoynt. Uickaw.iuna
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doctor abrded but temporary relief. Last
February sho was taken with severe pain la
the barrels, followed bv violeut vomiting. She
experietjced difficulty i panaing urine, which,
when c4l, deposited a milky fcdjincnt. I be
came alarmed from her symptoms aud wrott to
the World's Dispensary Medical Asodatlii "f
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covery, together with a special medicine which
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Free. Dr. Pierce's Medical Adviser,
loo3 pages, in paper covers, is sent free
on receipt of 21 one-cent stamps to defray
expense of mailing only. Address Dr.
T? V. Pierr. Buffalo. N. V.
MUNYON'S INHALER
sav rjiPF.s
CATARRH
Colds, Coughs,
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Cloud of Medicat-d Vaprr tire irhakd ihroneh
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