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THE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1901.
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hs rgomcm.
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TODAVS "WEATHER Occasional rain, with
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YESTERDAY'S "WEATHER Maximum tem
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cipitation, 0.26 Inch.
PORTLAXD, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 23.
THE CALAMITY OP TRADE.
Those unhappy souls who Imagine
that the more international trade one
country has the less some other must
have will find food for reflection in an
article contributed by Mr. H. Morgan
Browne to the Contemporary Review.
"We are all familiar with the walls that
go up from Britain over the Increase
of American commerce, notwithstand
ing the fact that most of this commerce
is with Great Britain, profitable to each
party to the transaction, and the fur
ther fact that most of It is carried in
British ships. But Mr. Browne makes
a series of comparisons between various
evidences of National wealth in 1873
and 1900 that are conclusive in demon
strating that there are no signs of pend
ing National insolvency. Among these
are the following:
1873. 1800.
Income tax assess
ment $ 2,750,000,000$ 3,070,000,000
Estates passing at
death C45.O0O.0O0 1.400.000,000
Bank clearings ....30,010,000,000 45,750.000.000
(japitai paid up in
stock comp's .... 2,400,000,000
Capital paid up in
railway comp's.. 2,040,000.000
Shipping, tons, net C.805,000,000
Capital In savings
8,100,000,000
5.8SO.O00.O00
0,304.000,000
banks 310,000,000 055,000,000
Capital In co-op.
societies 37,000,000 132.000.000
18S4. M1883.
Since 1873 the British coal output has
doubled and the production of pig iron
has increased from 6,500,000 tons to
nearly 9,500,000. In the meanwhile the
average annual number of paupers has
decreased from 1,125,000 to 1,005,000, al
though the population has Increased by
'nearly one-third within the twenty
seven years. There Is no sign of decay
in the total trade of the United King
dom, as shown in the following totals
In comparison with those for the United
States and Germany: v
Total imports and exports:
1800. 1000.
United Kingdom ...$3,329,000,000 $3,062,000,000
Germany 1.883,000.000 2,460,000.000
United States 1.634,000,000 2,220.000.000
If the trade of the United States with
Europe grows, then the trade of Europe
with the United States grows. They
are not wronged in Germany who buy
bread and meat, wool and cotton from
the United States. They are fed and
warmed. And in this country we are
not injured, but sustained, by all the
German sugar we buy, and Holland
cheese, and Italian, olive oIL "We have
outgrown the idea that goods brought
Into our ports are calamities, for we
have outgrown the original condition
under which our struggling factories
looked on European rivalry with excus
able apprehension.
We are, in fact, approaching an Ideal
basis of commerce when merchandise
shall freely flow everywhere from sur
plus to deficit, whether it be in food
stuffs, raw materials or finished prod
ucts. Oregon buys potatoes from Cali
fornia in the Spring and California
buys potatoes of Oregon in the FalL
It is a beneficent arrangement for each
side, Spring and Fall. So in time as
economic superstition falls away from
our eyes, we shall' ship steel billets and
locomotives, gloves and jewelry, shoes
and cotton goods, across the, Atlantic
either way when need requires, as
freely as we now swap eggs and lum
ber across the Canadian border.
QUICK DISPATCH EXPLAINED.
The Tacoma News, which is still in
the kindergarten class regarding nearly
everything connected with the" shipping
business, prints the following:
Wlat do the Portland .papers really mean by
"quick dispatch"? Last Saturday It was re
ported that there were 14 ships all loaded and
ready to go to sea, but that It had been Im
possible for any ship to get out of tho river
since November 6.
"Quick dispatch," as it is understood
in this port, is discharging and loading
vessels and getting them back to sea
in less time than Is required for similar
work at any other port on the Pacific
Coast. In this respect Portland is al
ways at the head, and. for this reason
is preferred by shipowners to other
ports. To illustrate, so that the News
as well as other Puget Sound amateurs
in this business can understand exactly
what "quick dispatch" means, we will
take the grain fleets now in port at the
two places for an 'example. There are
thirty-two grain ships loading, finished
or under charter for wheat loading in
this port. There are four grain ships
loading or chartered to load wheat on
Puget Sound. '
One of the Portland ships has been In
'port fifty-nine days. Ten others have
been here from thirty-five to fifty-seven
days each. The remainder of the fleet
has been In port from two days to
twenty-nine days each, the average
time In port of the entire fleet, being
twenty-six days. This average is se
cured In spite of an unusually long de
tention between Astoria and the sea, a
detention which, by the way, will be
abolished as soon as the jetty can be
extended a few miles farther seaward.
Of the Puget Sound grata fleet, one ship
has been In port sixty-eight days, an
other thirty-four days, a third twenty
eight days, while the latest arrival has
been there but four days, the average
for the fleet being 33.5 days, or a little
over a week longer than the Portland
fleot has been detained.
When it gradually dawns on the Ta
coma searcher for information that he
is not receiving the kind he expected, he
! may explain the Tacoma delays by stat-
! itHr thnf most- nf rh vacocTii In tViot nnrt
had inward cargo, while the greater
part of the Portland fleet was in bal
last. This can easily be equalized so
that the relative merits of the two
ports cannot be misunderstood. The
cargo ships in the Tacoma grain fleet
are the Alexander Black and the Gars
dale, which have been on Puget Sound
sixty-eight and thirty-four days, re
spectively, an average In port of fifty
two days each. The cargo ships in
Portland harbor, and the length of time
they have been here, are as follows:
Cleo-mene, forty-three days; General
Millinet, twenty-four aays; Riversdale,
twehty-four days; Ftfeshlre, twenty-one
days, and Eugente Fautrll, two days
an average of twenty-three days each.
This shows an advantage of nearly a
month in favor of Portland, but, In or
der to show Tacoma In the best possible
light, we will take the cargo ships
which have been in Portland the long
est. The Cleomene, forty-three days,
ajid the General Millinet, twenty-four
days, both arrived with inward cargoes,
and both have discharged and loaded
outward, and are now ready for sea,
their average time in port, including to
day, being thirty-three days. This is
but nineteen days' quicker dispatch
than was given the two cargo ships
from Tacoma, but, together with the
other figures presented, it -will enable
the Tacoma News to understand what
is meant by "quick dispatch."
UNREASONING AXD RIGHT.
The National "W. C. T. U., In session
at Fort Worth, comes out strong against
saloons, and especially directs Its ire at
the proposals of more liberal liquor
laws for New York City. The meeting
did not, apparently, enter into any in
vestigation of the demands for amend
ment of the Raines law. On general
principles, it is opposed, without evi
dence or brief, rhyme or reason, to any
extension to the "saloon power" of
longer hours or larger privileges.
We all have subjects on which we are
deaf to reason the amiability of our
purposes, for example, or our good taste
In neckties and why Bhouid not the
temperance women have theirs? Doubt
less the day will never come when the
W. C. T. U. will hold open court to
receive testimony and weigh argument
as to the expediency of Sunday closing
or the claims of the liquor-seller for
social recognition. They are simply
down on the whole business. They ap
prehend perfectly that there Is no hour
In the day or night when whisky should
be sold, there are no good saloon-keepers,
there Is no good thing In this life
or the life to come that the liquor-seller
may rightfully claim as his own.
This Is unreasoning, but It Is not to be
condemned. We should not go to the
"W. C. T. U. for a statute on the liquor
traffic, or for jurors In a liquor case, Or
for a Judge to pronounce the Judgment;
that Is not its bailiwick. The woman
tells us how she feels, and this is a
case where her feelings do her credit.
A good lover Is invariably a good hater;
and while the wife and mother are
steadfast devotees where their affection
is bestowed, they are not half-hearted
either when they recognize the enemy
they and theirs confront in the abuse
of alcohol.
The right kind of a man wouldn't sit
down calmly to argue over the truth of
an aspersion upon his wife's good
name; no valiant 60ldler would stop to
reason with one who should denounce
his country's government and flag. So
when the woman who has suffered
through the drink evil is asked her
opinion of saloons, she will find this
Fort Worth declaration exactly to her
mind. Far fall the day when the
women of our churches pass resolu
tions demanding a Sunday opening
through church hours, saloons next
door to schoolhouses, wlnerooms and
slot machines, and gambling on the
ground floor! If it makes a man mad
to see women so unreasonable about
the legitimate sale of liquof, let him
bethink himself how he would enjoy
seeing his wife or daughter out whoop
ing it up for a "wide-open" town.
SIZE IS NOT EVERYTHING.
" Comment on the Pan-American Expo
sition and the coming event at St. Louis
may be summed up In two brief phrases
first, Buffalo's mistakes, and, eecond,
size is not everything. We have re
printed a good many of these criticisms
from New England to San Francisco.
Comes now the Engineering News with
thl3 pregnant word:
Buffalo spent $10,000,000 on an exposition
when It might have made one almost- as ex
cellent for half the money. The tuperabun
dance of decoration on buildings and the minor
architectural effects represented a large out
lay and did not represent a corresponding re
turn in Increased attendance, nor were they
even worth while, even admitting thejr excel
lence, for the education of the public In mat
ters of taste.
There were specific mistakes at Buf
falo, doubtless; but as regards the
Lewis and Clark Centennial to be held
at Portland in 1905 and the bearing
upon it sustained by Buffalo's mistakes
lsthe only object In adverting to them
It Is important to remember also that
the difficulty we muBt avoid here if we
succeed is a difficulty that Is not pe
culiar to Buffalo, but shared by all
these exposition enterprises their
money is too largely Invested in ephem
eral objects. It seems to us that the
-Baltimore sun is up to its usual sa
gacity and conservatism when It says:
The question remains whether the Indirect
benefits to Buffalo or to the public at large
were sufficient to offset the direct financial
loss. Is the mony spent In rearing a costly
city of temporary buildings to endure for a
single summer In any case well spent? It Is
open to serious doubt whether the thing Is not
overdone. The same practical results for In
dustry and public education could be accom
plished with plainer buildings and less ex
travagance. It is not a disconcerting thing for
Portland, therefore, but may, if rightly
divined, be an encouraging thing, that
Buffalo lost money on a $20,000,000 ex
position and that St. Louis has already
raised $30,000,000 for hers. "We can
profit from Buffalo's mistakes and we
can readily see that St. Louis Is sure
to learn by experience that size Is not
everything. The St. Louis exposition Is
laid out on a scale such that It would
take the visitor a month to see It all.
Mere blgnes3 may attract some, but It
will not attrast all. Some definite thing
that a" man really wants to see will
draw him very much farther than will a
mere advertisement of size. In all the
preparations for the Lewis and Clark
Centennial should be borne In mind
the counsel, of Mr. Corbett "Cut your
garment according to your cloth."
PROGRESS IK TACOMA.
Mr. P. C. Xauffman, who makes a
specialty of addresses before the Na
tional Bankers' Association, is evi
dently growing wiser with advancing
years. In 1900 his address ran largely
to exploitation of Puget Sound, and in
It he observed for one thing that Ta
coma was the center of the universe,
or words to that effect, being on the
shortest line from everywhere to every
where else. Tacoma had not only the
shortest water route to Asia, but the
shortest rail route across the continent.
These exuberances of Mr. Kauffman,
of Tacoma, some of which we have
omitted and others doubtless exagger
ated, were treated by The Oregonlan
at the time and appropriately depre
cated It was with some trepidation,
therefore, that we opened the Bankers'
Magazine this month for the full text
of his discourse of 1901.
It Is a pleasure to find that Mr. Kauff
man has reformed his errors and talks
more like a sensible business man
should. Ke apprehends at length that
Tacoma is not an exact synonym for
the entire universe, or even for the Pa
cific Coast. We quote:
From that portion of the despised territory
lying west ot the Rocky Mountains that bor
ders on the Pacific Ocean, have been formed
three magnificent commonwealths. California,
oldest and largest, with unequated resources,
containing the financial and commercial me
tropolis of the Coast, situated on a harbor
renowned throughout the commercial world.
Oregon, commanding the valleys of the Colum
bia and Willamette Hlvers, with soil so fer
tile that If "you tickle it with a hoe It laughs
back a crop," with magnificent harbors at the
cities of Portland and Astoria, as well as
Coos and Yaqulna Bays. Washington, young
est of all, the Pennsylvania of the Pacific
Coast, with a-wealth of coal, Iron and foYest
that constitutes It an empire In itself, con
taining within its borders Puget Sound, that
matchless Inland sea, the Mediterranean ot
the Northwest, a harbor unsurpassed, with
two thousand miles of shore line.
This Is good stuff. Again we quote:
That it Is Impossible, In the limited time
at my disposal, to give any adequate Idea of
the resources, products and commerce of that
region Is evident when you consider that Its
foreign commerce In 1000 was over $200,000.
000; and Its domestic commerce attained fig
ures equally large; that California alone
shipped East over 50,000 carloads ot deciduous
and citrus fruits; that the States of Oregon
and Washington each required over 40,000
cars to transport their output of lumber to
the various sections of the Eastern States
alone; that the wheat crop of tho latter
State3 for 1000 was over 40,000,000 bushels, to
which California added 20,000,000 more, the
greater part of which was exported around
Cape Horn to the markets of Liverpool or
to Hong Kong and Shanghai, In the shape
of flour; that the bank clearings of San
Francisco for 1000 were considerably over
$1,000,000,000, -Rhlle those of Portland, Ta
coma, Seattle and Spokane, the leading cities
of the Northwest, were, approximately, $400,
000,000. It will probably astonish some of our
Eastern bankers to know that the bank de
posits of California are over $350,000,000; three
savings banks In San Francisco alone hav
ing over $100,000,000, while the deposits of
Oregon and Washington arc over $60,000,000,
having more than trebled since 1803.
All of which makes very good read
ing, and the Pacific Coast may cer
tainly congratulate Itself on having its
progress so cheerfully set out In the
hearing of the country's bankers. More
we can't say. For who can tell what
results. If any, will flow from the best
meant efforts of this kind? In every
National convention, whether of bank
ers or the ancient order of billygoats,
there are enthusiastic champions of
every section, armed with statistics of
trade and resources, eloquent of cli
mate and glorious possibilities, hospita
ble men and handsome women. These
things are taken for granted; and the
delegates, when they are not busy with
thoughts of their own affairs, or per
haps even playing hookey from the ses
sion for business or pleasure, listen In
dulgently to the orator and give him
the glad hand upon, his peroration.
Whatever grains of truth may have
percolated Into the bankerian mind
through Mr. Kauffman's efforts we re
joice at, and we would thus betimes
bespeak for him a prominent place on
the National association's programme
again next year.
When Ambassador Choate, In his re
cent speech In New York City, said that
the people of London and England
"have little use for gush and chaff,
which at times 6eem to go well with you
here," he told the truth concerning one
of the most conspicuous weaknesses of
a popular American audience. We are a
very vainglorious people, and the short
est road to political honors is for the ora
tor to wave the American flag frantical
ly on all occasions and twist the tail of
the British Hon at every opportunity.
It was this characteristic of our people
that brought upon us the ridicule and
satire of Dickens in "Martin Chuzzle
wlt." Dickens wrote of us In 1842, and
his picture was probably no caricature,
for the lineal intellectual descendants of
Elijah Pogram and Colonel Jefferson
Brick still whoop and hoot In a good
many places In America. The average
"patriotic" speaker today recalls "Po
gram," and the average country editor
writes in the soaring style of Jefferson
Brick. Mr. Choate Is right; we dearly
love to be flattered; we always cheer
the fellow who Is full of chaff and gush.
Nobody, however, has ever Invited Mr.
Choate to a banquet expecting any per
functory chaff or gush since he made
his famous after-dinner speech at a St.
Patrick's day banquet, when he Inti
mated smilingly that he never saw a
Tammany Hall Irishman depart from
New York City for a visit to Ireland
without praying fervently that his na
tive land might persuade him never to
return to America.
There Is inquiry, how and through
whom, the money subscribed for the
Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition
is to be expended. It is natural that
subscribers should think of this. Every
thing will be managed by a board of
directors, to be elected by. the stock
holders. It Is notdoubted that the sub
scribers to the stock will confer together
and select men in whom they have con
fidence, for discharge of this duty. The
business will be done precisely in the
same way as that of any other joint
stock corporation. There need be no
fear that the stockholders will not elect
a careful board of directors. It will be
controlled In the Interest of the stock
holders, just as that of the Hotel Port
land Is managed.
The Seattle Post-Intelligencer is con
sistent as usual when it is advocating
an open river above the Cascadea It
announces editorially that the entrance
to the Columbia River never can be
permanently Improved so that It will be
safe for vessels to enter the mouth of
the river. In the same column It states
that the river should be opened to the
wheat fields east of the Cascades, In
order that producers should have the
advantage of the competition of a
water-level route in reaching the mar
ket Of course; if Seattle could close
the mouth of the Columbia by withhold
ing money needed for Improvements,
the Inland Empire producer would be
a vast gainer by an open river above
Portland. He would have the City of
Portland and the Willamette Valley as
a market for 20,000,000 or 25,000,000 bush
els of wheat per year. The solicitude of
the Post-Intelligencer, of course, could
not be Interpreted to mean that the
windy city Is anxious to ship that por
tion of the wheat which could not be
consumed by Portland after the mouth
of the river was bottled up.
It seems to The Oregonlan quite use
less to argue that the judiciary has no
rightful power to declare legislation un
constitutional, or to InslBt that th rule
shall be changed. It is a rule that was
adopted in the colonies or states before
the achievement of National Independ
ence. It came to the Federal Govern
ment from the practice of the states,
and has been constantly followed In
both. The people do not want It
changed, because it Is a check upon ar
bitrary legislation; and they desire to
keep It as a barrier against the violence
of party spirit and abuse of rights by
tumultuous partisan movements. The
rule Is a guaranty of quiet, order and
security; It calls the attention of tne
people In an authoritative way to the
Constitution and its requirements, and
though It cannot prevent changes upon
which tho people are resolved, It pre
vents headlong or revolutionary move
ments, by compelling them to examine
their ground and review their opinions,
before final action can be taken. This
rule Is the great balance-wheel of con
stitutional government. The people will
consider seriously any attempt to set
It aside, either In Federal or State Gov
ernment. No one is better qualified than Is John
Hay to pay a tribute to "American
diplomacy." The belittling criticisms
and comparisons to which our part In
controlling this element in the affairs
of nations has been at times subject
fall before the straightforward and
simple dignity of Mr. Hay's present
ment of the diplomatic function.
"Frankness and sincerity" In dealing
with International affairs have In Mr.
Hay's view superseded the diplomacy
that was "a science of Intrigue and
falsehood of traps and mines and counter-mines,"
and the word, with this In
terpretation, extends, as he believes, to
the adjustment of National questions
generally. "To tell squarely what we
want, announce early In negotiations
what we are willing to give, and allow
the other side to accept or reject our
terms" this, according to Mr. Hay, Is
American diplomacy as he has known
and engaged In It for some years. And
this, he is justly pleased to think, is a
vast improvement over the old methods
of overreaching and undermining, of
which diplomacy was made up In the
pas
The landing of United Sta'tes marines
at Colon is in accordance with our
treaty made many years ago with New
Granada, now Colombia, under which
the United States may at any time land
troops anywhere on the Panama isth
mus in order to keep the peace. This
treaty right was granted in order to
protect the property of the Panama
Railroad, which was originally built
and operated by American capital.
American marines were landed In 1875
and In 1889 for the same purpose that
they are landed today. Without guar
antee of this right of Interference to
preserve the peace on part of the
United States Government, American
capital would never have ventured to
build and operate the Panama Railway,
for frequent revolutions In these pseudo
South American Republics are, like
earthquakes, characteristic of the coun
try. On Monday the canvass for subscrip
tions to the stock of the Lewis and
Clark Centennial will begin. Every one
should be prepared to respond, without
parley or delay. The subject has been
sufficiently discussed; the canvassers
will have no time for argument or ex
planation, and neither argument nor
explanation can be needed. The appeal
for subscription of this fund comes
home to every person Interested In the
welfare and honor of Portland. We
have undertaken to do this, and it must
be done with alacrity and spirit. The
preparation for the canvass Is thorough,
and the work will take precedence over
everything else in the business of the
city, during the coming week.
The murder of James Morrow near
his home on East Seventh street some
time Wednesday night waB a most das
tardly crime, and one for which, it may
be hoped, the extreme penalty will
promptly be paid. The motive that
prompts a man to a deed so dark and
vengeful does not count In a case of
this kind, and his life is Justly forfeit
to the community whose sensibilities
and sense of security he has so terri
bly outraged. The court should be a
swift herald of justice in such a case,
forestalling by its prompt action the
possibility of an attempt to wreak law
less vengeance upon the criminal.
It is doubtful If a horsewhip wielded
by an Irate woman upon a man who
had Indulged In unmanly speech against
her or hers ever mended a damaged
reputation. Such means of redress, on
the contrary, usually open up to public
view, and more or less to discussion,
private matters about which It were
better for all concerned to maintain
silence. Every case of this kind is a
case in point, and contains In its re
cital a warning that even a guilty, In
dignant -woman might with profit heed.
The Oregonlan does not suppose that
citizens of Pdrtland will not subscribe
the stock required for starting the
Lewis and Clark Centennial. It knows
they will; because they know that If
they should not do so Portland might
as well resign her pretensions as a com
manding figure In the growth and de
velopment of the Northwest. In other
words, would simply "go way back and
set down."
Acquittal of Considlne at Seattle was
to have been expected. The man whom
he slew was a very good man, and
Considlne was one of the pests of soci
ety. But even or proportional justice Is
often unattainable In this world. Of
course Considlne will now reopen his
"games," under higher favor and larger
patronage than ever.
"Married or not married?" That is
the question which some half dozen
couples hereabouts are seriously con
sidering at this time. Hymen, it seems,
had to wait while politicians were
served.
. IAN IS HAPPIER THAN WOMAN.
Chicago Record-Herald.
In an address to the Twentieth Cen
tury Club Mme. Sarah Grand, author of
"The Heavenly Twins," declared that
men are happier than women, that they
have managed to extract mpre of the
juices of joy out of life, while the fair sex
appears to have made a specialty of
drinking "the bitter cup." In other words,
according to Sarah, men have mastered
the art of banishing worry and making
themselves think they arc happy, while
women are still looking for bargain-counter
offerings in gloom.
A remnant sale In artificial grief and
sorrow at two dollars for orchestra seats
will draw women by the hundreds with
fresh-laundered handkerchiefs, while men
rush pell-mell to grab the chunks of joy
and mirth that are offered at comic opera
and vaudeville. While lovely woman
weeps over a tawdry Imitation of, the woes
and frailties of her sex, man shakes up his
liver In loud guffaws over jokes that are
mildewed but eVer new, or delights his
ear with the melody of ragtime or feasts
his eye. upon the tinseled raiment that"
partially conceals anatomical beauty.
There Is no question about the truthful
ness of Sarah Grand's observations. Men
are certainly happier than women. But
why? It is true that unlovely man some
times resorts to tho high-ball booster to
get himself In good spirits. He sometimes
drowns his care In a foaming stein If his
sorrow Is very great it may take four or
five steins to cover it. Man also treats
himself occasionally to a pipe dream or
watches his troubles vanish in the blue
smoke from a clear Havana.
These devices for annihilating care have
been denied to most women in the past.
Another reason for man's ability to keep
himself In a happier mood may be found
In his simplicity of dress. The follies of
fashion, with Its uncomfortable, burden
some and unhygienic apparel, do not fret
his soul. When he sees a delicate woman
holding up twenty-three pounds of trail
through the city streets he cannot resist
the pulsations of Jocund Joy that sweep
through his being when he reflects upon
his sklrtless bliss and remembers that he
is a bifurcated animal of the masculine
persuasion.
Mme. Sarah Grand Is right. The rea
sons for It are too plentiful to enumerate.
One of the principal reasons why man is
happier Is because he has woman, while
woman a few of her as least has noth
ing but man, sometimes a bull pup on the
side. But woman need not be unhappy.
Let her eschew trailing skirts, join the
"Don't Worry Club" and cultivate the art
of looking for the bright side of things.
A Smallpox "Winter.
Philadelphia Press.
Smallpox Is a Winter disease. Ordina
rily it decreases In Summer. In cold
weather, when homes arc closed and
heated, when the poorer families
are crowded together In one warm
room, when care and other con
veyances are closed and heated,
smallpox multiplies and spreads. No cold
kills Its germs and the Winter months
give the most numerous cases. Grave
anxiety must therefore be felt over the
persistence of the disease in our cities
through the Summer months, and Its
steady spread over the country. It Is
present In this city in more than one def
inite group of cases. It is scattered over
the state, particularly In the mining re
gion. It exists In the Middle West. It
has several centers in the South. The
disease may die out in the brief period be
fore cold weather begins, but we fear It
Is more likely that December will show
a rapid rise In the number of cases. The
current type Is not virulent, but It is
steadily spreading, and In this city at
least the efforts to curb Its progress have
not been satisfactory.
Vaccination, general, universal and un
sparing, is the only protection both for the
Individual and the public. A vaccination
four, five or more years ago Is a very un
safe protection. Two vaccine scars are
safer than one, but a revaccination is
safer than either. Care is needed. Clean
liness is indispensable and the number
of people careless In cleanliness Is more
numerous than most think. But given
reasonable care and vaccination has none
of the risks with which the ignorance
of fools and the imagination of faddists
surround it. The person who does not
vaccinate and Insist on the vaccination of
.every member of the household tempts
Providence and the smallpox. It Is un
wise to do both.
The Sire ot South Africa.
London Chronicle, October 11.
There was a good hit in Sir Edward
Grey's speech at Newcastle last night.
"We were always told," said he, "that
the country (South Africa) waB large, and,
indeed, it seemed to get larger as the war
went on." Of course, In one sense the
thing Is true. That Is to say, that as the
war has gone on the Boers have more and
more dispersed, and so the ground to be
covered In pursuing them Is greater. But
there Is a real point In Sir Edward's sar
castic comment. Ministers more and more
enlarge on the great distance in order to
explain the prolongation of tho war. But
if this be so, does it not follow that more
men and greater mobility must
be needed? Yet the last word of the War
Oltlce Is that no fresh mobile troops arc
required. "We are glad that Sir Edward
Grey protested against the doctrine ot
ministers that to complain of the slow rate
of progress In South Africa Is to be guilty
of impatience, and to criticise official op
timism is panic. It is with ministers itnd
not with the forces In tho field that the
country la Impatient. What the country
Is afraid of is not the ultimate Issue of
the war, but the slackness and want of
grip in ministerial circles at home. It is
all very well for ministers to preach pa
tience. But what la wanted is energy.
The Government, as Sir Edward Grey well
Said, seemed "possessed by a large and
comprehensive fatalism which conduced
more to bearing our troubles with resig
nation than to getting the country out of
them."
Soldiers of the Civil War.
Army and Navy Journa
Thfe muster rolls of the Union armies of
the Rebellion show that out of 2.000,000 in
round numbers three-fourths were native
Americans; Germany furnished 175,000,
Ireland, 150,000. England 50,000, Brltlsn
America 50,000, and other countries 73,000;
in all about 500,000 foreigners; 48 per cent
of our soldiers were farmers, 27 per cent
mechanics, 16 per cent laborers, 5 per cent
professional men and 4 per cent were of
miscellaneous vocations. The average
height of our aoldlers was 5 feet 8V4 Inches,
Including the large number of recruits
from 17 to 20 years of age. Out of about
1,000,000 men whose heights were recorded
there were 3613 over 6 feet 3 inches, and
some over 7 feet.
Right You Are.
Lone Creek Ranger.
One of the most important subjects
which should claim the attention of
the Pacific Northwest delegations to
Congress is tho opening up of the Upper
Columbia River to river boats. The sav
ing in freight of a heavy character, such
as grain, would be of a great advantage
to Eastern Oregon, Washington and Ida
ho. With the exception of a few miles,
which are .obstructed with rapids, this
river Is now able to float river boats for
hundreds of miles, but the rapids prac
tically close It to navigation. The In
terests of the. Upper Columbia should be
attended to at once, as well as the mouth
of the river.
The Dnsliins D'Artafrnnns.
London Chronicle.
Admirers of "Tho Three Musketeers"
and who Is not Included In the number?
will learn with pleasure that the descend
ants of their old friend D'Artagnan are
still flourishing. The young Comte d'Ar
tagnan, who Is a direct descendant of the
gentleman who wrote the memoirs from
which Dumas compiled his famous novel,
figured as a corresnondent for a leading
Parisian Journal at the recent military
display at Rheims. He is described as a
dashing young man of very handsome appearance.
THE LATEST STEAMSHIP SCHEME
Philadelphia Public Ledger.
Private steamship interests are mak
ing strenuous efforts to induce the Gov
ernment to abandon its transport serv
ice in the Pacific and turn its business
of this character over to them. They
are hardly to be blamed for taking this
course, for the reason that the Govern
ment carrying trade with Its insular
possessions is very large, and likely to
be profitable to them If they can ob
tain it. But it is not clear that the trans
action would be equally profitable or de
sirable for the Government. It has gath
ered together, at great pains and heavy
expenses, a large fleet of vessels exclu
sively for transport uses. The service has
given entire satisfaction; Indeed, accord
ing to General Luddlngton, who has made
an investigation of the subject. It la su
perior to that given on commercial ves
sels. If there were any prospects that this
Government would soon surrender its In
sular possessions, there might, perhaps,
be some show of reason to consider prop
ositions from private steamship interests
to carry the troops and supplies. Bui the
islands In the Pacific now under our
control are likely to remain so for an in
definite period. Thousands ot troops are
being sent back and forth monthly, and
great quantities ot stores are being con
stantly forwarded to the garrisons. This
work surely can be done moro satlsfac-.
torlly by the Government than by pi
vate companies.
Tho experience of the Government In
disposing of transports which It believed
were no longer needed In the Atlantic wan
not happy. It was a heavy loser by thr
transaction. Most of the vessels cost
large sums to purchase and relit, yet
When sold they brought merely nominal
prices. There is no reason to believe the
result would be different If the transports
in the Pacific were disposed of, and thl3
certain loss must be taken into account
when propositions from private steam
ship companies are made. Even though
private enterprise offers to perform tne
service for less money than It now costs
the Government, It Is doubtful whether
the change would bo wise. The latter
according to competent authority, does
It more satisfactorily; besides, there Is no
knowing how suddenly the transport ves
sels now owned may be Imperatively need
ed. Portland Is Awake.
Dailos Times-Mountaineer.
The Portland Chamber of Commerce
has taken definite action with refer
ence to the opening of the rivers of the
Northwest, especially the Columbia, to
free navigation, and its efforts in this
respect should have good effect upon
the Congressional delegations from
Oregon, Washington and Idaho. The
Chamber of Commerce, through its
president, Henry Hahn, signifies its pur
pose of working for the' Improvement of
the river between The Dalles and Celilo,
urging Congress to settle upon some
definite method ot Improvement, and
then go ahead. It further agrees If the
Government constructs canal and locks
between The Dalles find Celilo and also
creates a 40-foot channel at the mouth of
the river, Portland will bear the expense
of maintaining a deep channel from that
place to Astoria.
The Portland Chamber of Commerce
is certainly to be complimented for the
stand it has taken in this matter, and
certainly it can have weighty influence
with Oregon's delegation in Congress
since both the Senators belong In Port
land, and Its Influence upon men from
other states will be greater than that of
private individuals. We trust that Port
land will be unceasing in its efforts to
secure on open river, for upon t depends
largely the progress of the Inland Em
pire. If the section lying between the
Cascade and Rocky Mountains U given
freight rates that would follow the open
ing of the Columbia River to fre navi
gation It will soon become the most pros
perous section of the United States It
has every natural facility for becoming
a section thickly settled and of unlimited
-productions. Its only drawback Is .the
excessive freight rates upon Its products
that are shipped to tidewater that th,y
may seek the markets of the world. Wit
the barriers to free navigation of the
Columbia removed nothing can "prevent
the Inland Empire doubling in population
within the next ten years.
Voting: Machines Again,
St. Paul Pioneer Press.
It Is still in order to suggest that St.
Paul will soon be ranked with the old
fogies if It doesn't provldo Itself with
voting machines. More than 20 cities
In New York State used machines at the
recent elections, and in Erie County alone
19 out of the 25 towns had them. Buffalo
has used machines for three elections.
Here are a series of all sorts of practical
tests under all sorts of conditions, and
among them all not a single complaint
of any kind. What other device ever
'did better? Furthermore, In Buffalo, out
of a total of 105 districts, 103 had reported
their complete official returns at the City
Hall within 33 minutes after the polls
closed. There was no necessity for any
recount by any disputatious candidates,
for every one knows that the machine
can't make mistakes.
As to comparative economy, besides tho
saving In clerk hire which it Is posslblo
to effect If machines are used, it Is to be
noted that Buffalo, with a population of
352,000 Inhabitants, only requires 105 poll
ing places, whereas St. Paul, with 163.CO0
Inhabitants, requires 116 polling places.
In other words, machine voting Is so
rapid that one polling place can ferve
a population of over 3350, where nnder
our method one polling place Is sufficient
for only 1100 of the population. At the
same ratio, 50 machines would bo suffi
cient for St. Paul.
Early Anphnlt Roads.
American Asphalt Journal.
History and tradition have furnished us
with the basic Information which has
guided us In building the civilization of
today. It Is said that In prehistoric times
the Incas of Peru built roads that ex
tended from the tropically heated valleys
up the mountains to the regions of per
petual frost, using the natural asphalt
rock, and these roads are In good condi
tion today. The discovery of a large sec
tion in Kentucky covered with aspfcalt
rock, which scientists have .pronounced
a perfect and natural combination of
asphalt and quarta sand, mo3t valuable
for paving purposes, and far superior to
any artificial combination that could be
made. Is of vital importance. Tho day
may not be far distant when every city
and village will have all streets paved
with asphalt rock, a material which is
not only the most durable, but cleanly
and noiseless.
The River of Time.
Matthew Arnold.
And we say that repose has fled
For ever the course of the river of Time.
That cities will crowd to its edge
In a blacker, lncessanter line;
That tho din will be more on Its banks.
Denser the trade on Its stream.
Flatter the plain where 1U flows.
Fiercer the sun overhead.
That never will those on Its breast
See an ennobling sight.
Drink of tre feeling of quiet again.
But what was before us we knew not.
And we know not what shall succeed.
Haply, the river of Time
As it grows, as tho towns on Its marge
Fling their wavelng lights
On ft wider, statelier stream
May acquire, if not the calm
Of Its early mountainous shore.
Yet a solemn peace of its own.
And the width of the waters, the hush
Of the gray expanse where he floats.
Freshening its current and spotted with foam
As" it draws to the ocean, may strike
rSjace to the soul of the man on Its breast
As the pale waste widens around him,
As the banks fade dlmmor away.
As the stars come out, and the night wind
Bring up the stream
Murmurs and scents ot the infinite sea.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Yesterday's weather is the kind the past
ought to be full of.
Congress will soon be In session, and
the Treasury surplus is trembling In its
vaults.
The safety bicycle appears to be in
need of a successor in the shape of a
safety automobile.
A good many Sunday schools would be
pleased to hear from Mr. Carnegie along
about Christmas time.
The cigar trust is hoping and praying
that King Edward's physicians will not
Insist that he quit smoking.
All is quiet at Colon. The revolutionists
probably made a mistake, and came to a
full stop tv hen they reached it.
The Sultan has excluded comic papers
from his domain. He Is certainly justi
fied by the turkey jokes in the pre
Thanksgivlng numbers.
The Spanish Minister of Finance has
resigned. Had It been the Minister of
Marine, the work of finding a successor
would not be necessary.
Like a good many polltlclana, Mark
Twain Is now In retirement. He took
long chances of losing his grip on fame
when he went into politics.
"Inquiring Correspondent" is assured
that there is no prize for the man who
discovers a frozen water pipe except tho
one drawn by the plumber.
yAnother girl Is colng to take chances
with the Bulgarian brigands. She will
have to lower the prevailing rate of ran
soms it she expects to get back homo
again.
Salaries paid to municipal employes In
New York aggregate $44,000,000, or nearly
one-half of the total budget. The United
States Army, with 68,000 men In 1900, cost
less than $18,000,000. New York's police
force costs two-thirds as much as the
regular Army. The extraordinary salaries
paidt are Instanced in the fact that 416
men draw 54000 or more, 6S of them $10,000
or more, and cost the city in the aggre
gate $3,022,000 yearly. Salaries range much
higher than In the Federal service, or In
business; even including laborers. New
York's employes average quite a little
more than $1000 a year.
Every one knows that the Arkansas
Legislature enacted BOme years ago that
the proper pronunciation of the name of
the state was "Arkansaw."" It Is not so
well known that there Is a unique law
on the statute book of Nevada, tho
object of which was to clear from stain
the name of an Indian chief, who, al
though a strong temperance advocate
and an abstainer, took a "pick-me-up
one day In a local saloon. In his ex
tremity he appealed to his white friends,
with the result that the State Legisla
ture was persuaded to declare Itself thus:
"Resolved, by the Legislature of the
State of Nevada, the Governor concurring,
that tho drink of whisky taken by John
son Side, in the Magnolia saloon, July
11, 1SS7, be and Is hereby annulled."
In Atlanta, a small town In Illinois,
lives Frank Clawson, a fiddler, whoso
chief bid for fame ties in the feet that
he is without hands. Several years ago
he was caught In a blizzard and both
hands were so badly frozen that they
were amputated at the wrist. Being some
what of a mechanical genius, he evolved
a contrivance out of heavy wire, which
enabled him to wield the bow. The mat
ter of fingering was more difficult, but
by hard practice he trained the stump
of his left hand td make the necessary
shifts from one string to another, and
from position to position. With the fid
dle held in place by his chin and knees,
md with the help of his flngerless arms,
Clawson manages to play the old-time airs
wth nearly as much success as formerly.
A.h, the sad fate of wretched man;
In vain for him to try
.And work and toil and scheme and plaa
To lay his savings by.
Hi goes on payday toward his home,
Vlth spirits light and gay;
A rug confronts him with a sua
Aid takw his cash away
Ho ges to see a rummage sale,
Ano purchases a lot
Of wirthless trumpery that takes
Abott all he has got.
He metts a genial gold-brick roan
And tikes a chance to win
A millloi dollars; when he's done
His col is all blowed In.
A freo chirch fair he goes to see
"With otier easy men.
And gives the money In his clothe
To get oitslde again.
And It In s?lte of these, he hu
Accumulate! dust.
He sees his lew remaining penca
Hornswaggltd by a trust.
Alas, the fate of wretched man! ,
No one may.be content
Unless he is a millionaire
Or hasn't got a cent.
The latest snake sensation In the New
York zoo is a two-headed milk snake,
found a few days ago In the Bronx. It
is 10 Inches long, ant about one-fourth
of an inch thick at its greatest diameter,
where the body begins t, separate to form
Its two necks and hoads. Its ago is esti
mated at between 3 and t months. Tho
two separate and perfectly formed heads
are a little over an Inch In tCngth. The
heads appear for most of the lme to exist
In perfect harmony, but when food is of
fered to the snake, the antagoftsm of the
two heads has thus far preveued any
nourishment from being given tie crea
ture. Whenever one head attemjted to
take food offered the other would -esent
the act, and a quarrel would ensue. The
keepers fear that unless some mothoa of
contracting a truce between the two Jeti
ous heads can be devised they will losi
their rare specimen from starvation.
PLEASANTRIES OP PARAGRAPHERS
Wealth. "Is she wealthy?" "Wealthy?
She's so wealthy she can afford not to wear
diamonds." Detroit Free Press.
During the Negotiation. "It's a prime tur
key, Mrs. Brady!" "Do yea fink eo? May
be they t'ought It was slch a foine bur'rd they
hated to let it die young!" Puck.
Cassidy Ain't ye workin'?" Caoey No;
we're out on shtrlke." "What for?" "Row do
01 know? Shure. Ol'm not the walkln dele
gate." Philadelphia Record.
Will Become a Boarder. "Tei," said Mean
dering Mike, "I'm goin to quit hoggin fur a
llvln'." "Are you goin to git proud?" asked
Plodding Pete. "Nope. I'm goin to git ar
rested." Washington Star.
Major Quiz (ex-Confederate) Say, Paddy,
were you at Bull Run? Paddy Ol was, sur.
Major Quiz And did you run? Paddy Faith,
Ol did, sur; and all that didn't run are there
yet. Harlem Life.
After the Wedding. The Countess Tou've
no Idea how embarrassed the Count waa when
he proposed to me. The Dear Friend I heard
It took considerable of your father's money
to pay his debts. Judge.
Honors Easy. German Student I know
deee sears my face on look not pretty, but
I proud of them am. I get them It duels.
American Student Huh I Walt till you see
some of our football champions. New York
Weekly.
The Main Thing. Tess Oh. yes. she married
a man with a highly honored name. Jess
What! I never considered "Scadds" a highly
honored name. Tess Well, you should see
the way It's honored at the bank. Philadel
phia PreM.