THg MORNING OREGONIAa, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER, 2JL, 1901.
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cipitation. 0.52 Inch.
PORTLAND, THURSDAY-, NOV. 21.
THE MISSIONARY SPIRIT.
It is a pleasure to see the conserva
tive Episcopal church Joining in with
the missionary zeal toward the Philip
pines that has "already characterized
other denominations. Foremost among
those who accepted the Philippine obli
gation and- proposed to make the most I
of it were the two extremes of faith
and practice the formal Catholics and
the informal Methodists. Archbishop
Ireland's patriotic support of expansion
was Just like the enthusiasm that over
flowed from Methodist conferences
everywhere, and carried the thoughtful
observer back to the exploits, of Bre
beuf and the Wesleys. To Ireland and
the Methodists alike the occupation of
the Philippines meant the chance toJ
carry the cross abroad under the eagle's
proteotlon, Just as the patient Jesuits
hurried to New France to baptize
Huron and Algonquin, Just as John
Wesley came to convert Georgia and
Whitfield sought the godless poor of
England in the open air.
ne would not look for missionary
seai iti the genteel and self-contained
circles of the Episcopal church, though
to say this Is. to tempt long exhibits
from churchmen in the records of that
denomination, fpr every denomination
has Its missionaries Methodist Xee
and Catholic Blanchet were matched
"by Bishop Scott, Episcopalian, and Dr.
Atkinson, CongregationalisL The ac
tivity of Bishop Potter, himself an orig
inal "anti-Imperialist," in hurrying off
to the Philippines and laying the foun
dation for Episcopalian work there, wasJ
hardly to have been expected. But his
labors there were fruitful and full of
promise, and it is gratifying to see that
'the newly chosen bishop fqr the archi
pelago 'has caught the evangelical zeal.
, No finer expression of the true mis
sionary spirit has bjsen framed than
this utterance f Bishop Brent:
The bishop who goes to the Philippine Islands
goes to stand for righteousness In civil life, to
make civil service what It should be there, to
promote Christian education, to further the In
terests of American civilization In that coun
try, which Is now our responsibility, and fos
ter the true elements of our own civilization.
It Is no longer a question of imperialism or
of anti-imperialism. Wc have our duty to per
form. It Is to clve these people, for they arc
ours now, all that wc are capable of giving
them. It has been argued by some members
of our church that becauso the Roman Cath
olle church Is established In that -country we
have no business there. Do not think that the
bishop goes to the Philippines as the enemy of
the Roman Catholic church. He goes as the
nemy of their enemies of lust, extortion, dis
honor and oppression.
The missionary activity -of the Epis
copal church is probably due largely to
the Influence of those two great Angli
cansHenry Drummond and Phillips
Brooks. Nothing more truly evangel
istic has been done in fifty years past
than the work of these twd men in,
conversion of thousands from evil and
in arousal of the church itself to mis
sionary zeal. They were, both enthusi
astic missionaries in practice and in
their studies. The Boston man has
given" missions perhaps their best ralson
d'etre in his numerous addresses on
the subject, and "The "Greatest Thing In
the World" was first delivered to a
band of young missionaries. The per
manent worth of their counsels lies in
the appreciation ach had of the discov
eries of modern scholarship, both in
physical science and in literary critl-i
clsm. They knew the Bible was a
growth, -they knew the fact of evolu-
tlon, they knew there is good in alii
religions, and that he builds wisely who
builds upon that foundation.
Finally, let us commend Bishop Brent
for his truly catholic utterance con
cerning the common purposes of the
church, ih all its denominations. The
Episcopalian goes, he says, not as the
enemy of the Catholic, but as the en
emy of the Catholic's enemies'lust,
extortion, dishonor and oppression." It
is a reflection that should sink home not
only in the hearts of warring church
men, but also in the hearts of those
who through malice or ignorance forget
the devout purpose of the missionary in
contemplation' of his human frailties
and the adverse conditions under which
he is compelled to labor?
iOXm. DUTY AS A FRIEND.
Based. on alleged climatic advantages,
.the San.Francisco Call'makes-a bid for
the National capital in the following
paragraph.:
It Is probable the climate of Washington has
much to do with the habits of tho Government
officials, in Summer, it Is too hot for out-of-doer
exercise, and In Winter the damp, cold
weather almost forces the officials to keep
their offices overheated. If they lived In Ban
Francisco they would live differently and be,
healthier. In our climate not only Is almost
every day In the year suitable for out-of-door
exercise, but most days are so fine and the air
so bracing With brisk breezes that they fairly
tempt men to get out from their offices and
recreate themselves by some Rind of exercise.
Should the time ever come when we feel It
necessary to assure the, health rof our high
cfSolals, It 'will be worth whlle 'to move the
capital from the Atlantic Coast to that of
the Pacific and, set it up In this city.
Before Congress consents to change
the location of the seat of Government
it may be assumed that a committee
will be sent out to make a Yeport on
meteorological conditions of San Fran
cisco. If the committee is impartial
and fearless. It will report:
That San Francisco is practically
without "climate." True, according to
fthe calendar it has nominally four sea
sons, but in reality no season whatever.
That San Francisco has more fog
than any other city in the country.
That sudden changes of temperature
are the rule, not the exception.
That no resident would be so careless,
Winter or Summer, as to go out of doorg
without taking a warm wrap, if he ex
pected to be gone until dark.
That the number of overcoats and
sealskin sacks worn to the theater on
the Fourth of July Is as great as those
worn on Christmas.
That families who can afford it leave
the city la Summer In order to gt
warm, and in Wlnte- go to Southern
California Arizona and Mexico to avoid
annoying variableness and constant dis
comfort That Summer afternoon winds are so
fierce that women do all their shopping
in the morning and then stay at home.
That no delicate flower can be grown
in the open, air in the entire district
north of Market street; and finally
That San Francisco Is the one city in
the world where people have no use for
verandas because there Is never a day
from one year's end to the other when
a person can sit In comfort out of doors
after 6 o'clock in the evening.
San Francisco at rare intervals has'
tolerable weather, but it is always un
seasonable. A PAIR EXCHANGE.
We trust our American wire men will
utter a tremendous howl about the loes
of the contract for the trans-Pacific
cable. The American firm that is to
lay the cable has let the contract for
the rope Itself to an English concern.
Whenever such a contract in Europe Is
let to American bidders, the welkin
rings with European protests. Let us
not be behind in these evidences of pa
triotism and cold feet.
We take it that our American spirit
of fair play will assert itself at this
trying Juncture as at others." We tax
German sugar 2 cents a pound at our
ports, but any tax Germany lays on
our meat is unjustifiable. We sock it
to French wines and gloves, but tariffs
on our flour going Into France can only
be execrated. Russia may levy indirect
sugar bounties at her peril, but as for
her selling anything here, there Is the
DIngley bill. We have Manila and
fleets to preserve otir export trade into
Asia, but if Japan would sell us any tea
or silk or matting, there are high du
ties. A Chinaman may not enter here
on peril of imprisonment or. massacre,
but the Pel Ho shall run blood before
the hair of an American interloper In
China shall be harmed.
The same wire that tells that the
English are to build an American cable
also gives news of a million-dollar
bridge contract in British Africa going
to an American firm. It Is well. Each
transaction is for our good as well as
for Britain's good. We shall get the
cable sooner than the American build
ers could hav made It, and the Ameri
can bridges 'will be ready ea'rller, and")
perhaps be better into the bargain, than
the British could have delivered them.
There are those, alas, who still fancy
that we are out and injured by the
cable award, and that the Africans who
buy our bridges are the hapless-victims
of our superior prowess, to be pitied,
perhaps, but certainly contemned. So
also there are minds of equal acumen
that still see In the eartha flat surface
and in the moon a hunk of green cheese.
CAVALRY BECOME OBSOLETE.
The British cavalry, in the judgment
of Lord Roberts, should henceforth be
armed with the rifle, or rather carbine,
of Increased range and superior accur
acy. The bulk of the infantry, too,
must henceforth be mounted. The dif
ference between the English cavalry
and ordinary mounted infantry prob
ably will be that the cavalry will be
more lightly equipped, will be drilled to
shoot on horseback at long or close dis
tances, even as General Forrest's men
did in our Civil War, who charged
and always fought with revolvers at
close distance, while our men not sel
dom used the saber. Forrest saved his
life in battle before Selma in April,
1S64, "by shooting dead a gallant Cap
tain of Union cavalry who attacked
him with the saber. The mounted In
fantry will doubtless fight as our cav
alry, or rather mounted Infantry, did
in the Civil War, when they went into
action dismounted. The cavalry will
continue to be the eyes of tbe army,
and the mounted Infantry, while mov
ing slower than the cavalry, will be
able rapidly to come up when the en
emy are found by the light horsemen.
This conclusion of Lord Roberts
means a complete revolution in the
battle tactics of modern warfare, for it
means, the practical extinction of cav
alry in the old sense, when Its use either
decided a battle or turned a retreat into
a terrible rout. The victories of Gus
tavus Adolphus were won by cavalry.
The decisive battles of Marston Moor
and Naseby were won by Cromwell's
troopers. The greatest victories of
Marlborough, Blenheim and Ramillles
were Won by the charge of a vast force
of cavalry led by Marlborough In per
son. The battles of Frederick1 the
Great were won largely by his cavalry
under Seydlltz; the battle of Marengo
was saved when lost by a charge of
cavalry that destroyed a column of
Austrian infantry; the battle of Eck
muhl was decided by a great charge
of cavalry, and the use of cavalry at
Jena converted the Prussian retreat
Into a rout. -The failure of Napoleon's
Moscow campaign was due chiefly to
the disablement of his splendid cavalry
by disease, due to climate. At Boro
dino, when the Russians retreated there
was no powerful body of cavalry to
launch jipon them, such as followed
Murat at JVtisterlitz, Eckrouhl and Jena.
The failure' of Napoleon to use his cav
alry against the defeated Prussians
saved Blucher's army, and the wasteful
use of cavalry by Ney at Waterloo
made.it Impossible to make an orderly
retreat.
The usefulness of cavalry in modern
war has rapidly declined with the in
crease in the range and accuracy of
small arms and cannon. Up to the day
of Napoleon the great masters of the art
of war made cavalry their most effect
ive arm of service. Napoleon relied
upon his infantry and artillery to break
the enemy, and upon h?s cavalry to.
turn retreat into hopeless rout. The
only effective Infantry defense against
cavalry lnthe days of short-range mus
kets was to form squares, but as latej
as Waterloo the French cavalry were
abl to ride clean up to Wellington's
squares in face of artillery and mus
ketry fire. At that time there were no
rifled cannon or small arms employed
by either side, and as long as this sit
uation remained unchanged the high
place of the cavalry arm was secure.
But fn the forty y4ears that elapsed
between Waterloo and the Crimean War
of 1854, the Introduction of rifled mus
kets and cannon made successful at
tack of Infantry by cavalry very diffi
cult,' for the English Infantry in line
easily repulsed the Russian cavalry.
In -our Civil War cavalry fighting as
mounted infantry was extensively em
ployed. In the Franco-German war of 1870-71
cavalry was not employed against in
fantry, as Napoleon used It, save when
It became necessary to sacrifice them in
hopeless attack, as at Gravelotte, to
gain time and divert attention from the
vital point of the contested field. In
modern warfare between civilized na
tions the old-time cavalry, really be
came 'obsolete, save as the eyes of an
army, since xmr Civil War proved that
Jt could only be profitably put into bat
tle as mounted infantry. The fact that
the British Army authorities have only
at this late date determined to convert
their cavalry into mounted riflemen
and the bulk of their Infantry Into
mounted infantry proves how hard it is
for military bureaucrats to reform
gross errors of faith and practice.
Thirty years ago leading English
military writers pointed out that the
day of cavalry was over in the sense"
that it was employed by Napoleon
against Infantry and artillery. It has
taken the bitter experience of the Boer
War to convince the English War Office
that cavalry, save as mounted riflemen,
must go; that the bulk of Infantry
henceforth must be mounted infantry.
To shoot straight .and to ride well will
henceforth be the essential things
wanted in a soldier when war is waged
between two nations armed with Im
proved modern rifles and cannon. Lord
Roberts knew 'all this long before he
fought the Boers, but It took the- object
lesson of the Boer War to convert to
his opinion the red-tape bureaucrats of
the English War Office.
TRADE IS RECIPROCAL.
Numbers of otherwise intelligent per
sons go on the theory that if one mem
ber in a community is prosperous some
other member musbe miserable. If
our -manufactures are increasing, some
body else's must be decreasing. In this
line Is running, possibly, the thought
of the Government expert who made
up the statement concerning our Im
ports of manufacturing materials. The
activity of American 'manufacturers
shows no sign of abatement, he says;
"whatever the conditions in other coun
tries." The activity of American manu
facturers is Increasing, he says, in an
other place,, "whatever may. be the con
ditions with respect to manufacturers In
other parts of the world."
The inference is that others are lan
guishing, but are they? Great Britain
has just recorded the heaviest trade vo'l
ume in her history, and Germany's re
port is about the same. This very report
from Washington Is designed to show
the tremendous gain in our imports
of "articles In a crude condition which
enter into the various processes of do
mestic Industry." We have Increased
those Imports from $148,000,000 in 1898
to $221,000,000 irt 1901. This shows, of
course, increasing use of raw or par
tially manufactured materials. But
does it not occur to our Government
expert that we must have bought these
materials somewhere, and that if. we
bought them somebody must have sold
them and possibly even received pay for
them? These materials are chiefly six
rubber, hides, silk, fiber, tin and
chemicals. They are manufactures as
truly as they are raw materials, and
somebody has made money selling them
to us whether It Is Welsh tin, or
French silk, or Argentine hides, or Cen
tral American chemicals, . or Manila
hemp, or Brazilian rubber. They have
made money selling, we have made
money buying.
We are selling in greater volume
abroad year by year, but we are also
buying In greater volume. Because Eu
rope takes more wheat and locomotives
ofus, does nt Interfere with our buying
more tin, silk, gloves, toys, jewels, cloth
and wines of Europe. This same ex
hibit from which the Bureau of Statis
tics generalizes so cheerfully on our pro
duction, shows an equally creditable
record of Increasing purchases. Here,
for. example, are our Imports for two
recent years from certain foreign coun
tries: IMPORTS INTO UNITED STATES.
1800. 1001.
Austria-Hungary ...$ 5.000,000 S 7.800.000
Belgium 8.200.000 10.500.000
Franc- 50.300,000 58.609.000
Germany 05.400,000 73.400,000
Great Britain 101.500.000 113,300,000
Italy 10,300.000 10,400,000
Netherlands 11,200,000 16.GQ0.00O
These comparisons include those
countries of Europe from which loudest
complaint is heard of 'American com
petition. We are selling more to them,
It Is true; but we are also buying more
of them. The Gerrnan looks at Amer
ican imports and wails; but of exports
to -America he says nqthing.
The suggestion; that separate sleeping
coaches be provided for consumptives
was placed before the Western Passen
ger Association In Chicago last week
and by it referred to the Pullman com
pany. The latter, as might reasonably
have been expected, declined to under
take a discrimination of this kind
among Its patrons. That the proposi
tion Is In the Interest of the public
health may be conceded, but Its prac
ticability la more than doubtful. The
projectors admit that Its enforcement
will require instruction of the public,
co-operation by the boards of health,
and the enactment of special legisla
tion, State and National. Even then
the' difficulties In the matter would not
be overcome. Will travelers have to be
tagged, like oleomargarine? Must they
appear at the ticket windows labeled
"consumptive" or "non-consumptive"?
And If. so, taking Into consideration the
Insidious nature of. the disease, who
shall decide whether the labels set forth
the fact or not? It fs commendable to
attempt to stop, by all legitimate and
reasonable means, the progress of this
greatest scourge of the human family,
but this proposition can scarcely come
under either of these heads, and 'will
most likely be abandoned.
The English press seems to be a unit
in the opinion that the Nicaragua Ca
nal should be built by the United States
and that it is desirable that the neu
trality of the canal should be placed
Jn strong hands for enforcing It. The
London Spectator says that "the notion
that America should bind herself to.
jserve its neutrality in regard to .a
powerwith which she is at war Is ab
surd. Such a stipulation would not be
observed for ten minutes after war had
been declared, whatever Jurists may
say. We should do the same In the
case of the Suez CanaL" The English
are sensible folk. All they askia to use
the canal on equal terms with the rest
of the "world and as there is rio pros
pect of any war vith the United States,
John Bull has business brains enough
to be glad that the United States is
willing to -build a great commercial
waterway for his- benefit as much as
our own. Furthermore, Great Britain
for the sake of Canada is interested irt
keeping- on the right side of the United
States, for a fair settlement of the
Alaska question is of muoh consequence
to the future of the Klondike country.
It would be neither wise nor generous
for the United States to play hog In the
matter of a Canadian port of entry.
Nevertheless, the United States is in a
position to do well pr ill by Canada, ac
cording to the temper in which we are
treated by Great Britain.
A recent report from Henry W. Diet
rich, Unlled, States Consul at Bremen,
carries the figures of Herr Llcht, ex
pert beet-sugar statistician, which state
4the European beet-sugar crop as fol
lows:
1000-1. 1800-0. 1808-0. 1807-8.
Country. Tons. Tons. Tons. Tons.
Germany ...1,070,003 1.708,631 1.721,718 1,852857
Austria ....1,004.0431,108,007 1,051.200 831,067
franco ....1,170.332 077,85ft 830.132 821,235
5sla 020,000 005,737" 776.008 738,715
Belgium ... 340,000 302.8C5 244.017 265,307
Holland .... 178.081 171.020 140.763 125.658
Other lands SS7.450 253.020 200,115 100,245
The total for last year in Europe is"
6,060,004 tons; for the next preceding
year, 5,518,956 tons; increase, 550,956
tons. Of beet sugar the United StatS
produced last year 71,427 long tons, val
ued at $7,327,850. For the present year
the outputj.wlll be somewhat greater
The following estimate Is offered of the
sugar crop of 1901 In Europe:
Tons.
Germany 2,125,000
fL1"?0 1.190,000
Holland 200,000
Austria . .- 1.225.000
RufSia 1,000,000
Other lands 450,000
Total 6.100,000
But sugar-growing iaEurope is really
not profitable. Mr. Dledrlch adds this
commentary to his report:
At present, the market in Europe for beet
sugar Is very weak; prices are extremely low,
and have been for some time. There will
probably be Borne legislation next Winter af
fecting several sugar-producing countries. The
question of reducing sowings next season Is
receiving' attention In various countries; and
there is again considerable talk of a conference
to meet this Winter, for the abolition of sugar
bounties.
Mrs. Elizabeth W. Greenwood, the
National Evangelistic Superintendent of
the W. C. T. U., in a sermon at Fort
Worth, Tex., last Sunday, presented a
view of "God's justice" in the elevation
of Theodore Koosevelt to the Presi
dency that may be flattering to Mr.
Roosevelt as .a special recipient of di
vine favor, but It must be allowed that
the method of carrying out the alleged
political Intent of the Creator was hard
on the "other man" and would scarcely
bear the test of Inquiry under the name
of "justice." She said:
Politicians strove to make Theodore Roose
velt Vice-President that they might remove
him as Governor of New Tork, in the hope
that they would no longer be hindered in their
wicked schemes, and behold a most signal and
disastrous reversal of their plans. Roosevelt,
a man of destiny, becomes President, while his
successor. Governor Odell, develops ability to
rise above alms and standards of machine poli
ticians. History emphasires the exactness of
God's Justice.
The friends of the late President Mc
Kinley may perhaps be excused frpm
entering Into a full appreciation of the
"exactness of God's Justice" as exem
plified In his assassination In order to
give the Vice-President a chance to get
even with politicians or rise superior to
their schemes. If a statement of this
kind proved anything, It would prove
altogether too -much to be put forth in
the-name of "God's justice."
There is a fine article In the Novem
ber Review of Reviews on Dr. D. K.
Pearsons, the friend, patron and sup
porter of small colleges. It is the small
college, as The Oregonlan believes, not
the Stanford or Rockefeller undertak
ings, that will educate the country. The
immense foundation, the vast endow
ment, never will reach the people. It will
always be exclusive, and unfit for the
education of a democracy. But the
small local college will diffuse a spirit
all around it the spirit that makes
men and women. The necessary knowl
edge of the greater world can be sup
plied by study, travel, work and ob
servation. A revivalist has run up a'galnst a
stubborn -proposition In Roanoke, in
Virginia'. He is exhorting the farmers
in that vicinity to burn their tobacco
crop in order to avoid burning them
selves In the next world. He made one
convert by his fervid appeals, who emp
tied eight barns filled with fine tobacco,
valued-at $8000. Into one heap, Invited
his neighbors to the sacrifice, and then
set fire to It. His neighbors, however,
though they raised their tobacco to
burn, evince the stubborn desire of the
carnal mind by expressing decided
preference that others shah bum it
after they get the money for it.
The Crow Indians, once the terror of
the plains, are now scheduled as among
the most Industrious and prosperous In
dians in the country. -There are about
2000 of them on the Crow reservatlpn,
in Montana, and they have been report
ed at Waslhngton as "self-sustaining."
There are gradations of worthlessness
even among savages, and the Crows were
more energetic in their wild life than
were many of the other tribes, and es
pecially those of the Coast. It Is not
surprising, therefore, that they are more
energetic In seml-clvlllzed life than the
others, and are ready sooner to dis
pense with Government rations.
American friends of the Boers may
well stifle their prjotest against the ship
ment of horses from this country to
South Africa for the use of the British
Army. While the British are the .orig
inal consignees, the animals have come
Into the possession of the Boers in re
cent months In droves. It would seem,
therefore, that objections to such ship
ments should come from British sympa
thizers, if either side feels called upon
to Interfere Jn a transaction dlstlnotly
commercial.
"The period of excluslveness Is
passed," said Mr. McKlnley, In hla Buf
falo speech. These were the last words
of a man whose life had been devoted
to the doctrine of "esduslveness,"
through prohibitory tariffs. It was the
bright vision of the seer, on the sum
mit of Pisgah He had been In the
dark a long time, indeed all his Ufe;
but he saw what was to come. We
must t-ade with the world.
f NEW PACIFIC RAILWAY AGREEMENT
Definitive of the settlement In- therela
tions of the transcontinental railroad
lines just made In New Tork Ihe Wall
Street Journal prints the following;
The foundation, of the agreement is that
there shall be two ereat Pacific railroad
corporations, onea combination of North-
ern Pacific and Great Northern, the other
Union Pacific, controlling Southern Pa-
fw m, S!SfSldSSce
.""... ""."' V . " "Q,c """.
what "they hope- win be a permanent
peace. This has been done by dividing
equally the ownership of Burlington &
Qulncy.
The lease of Burlington & Qulncy by
Northern Pacific and Great Northern was
considered by Union Pacific an invasion
L of Its territory and led to the purchase of
control of Northern Pacific In the Union
Pacific Interest. The common sense
-basis of settlement was, therefore, appar
ent to everybody. It was that the H11I
Morgan party should give Union Pacific
a suitable Interest in Burlington and
should receive back control of Northern
Pacific This is what has been done.
The steps by which it has been ac
complished are essentially these: A com
pany has been farmed with 100-millions of 4
capital, to be known as the Chicago, Bur
lington & Qulncy Railroad Company, aa
distinguished from, the Burlington &
Qulncy Railroad Company. This com
pany will lease the Burlington & Qulncy
Railroad property from the preaout
lessees. One-half of the stock will be
held by interests identified with Union
Pacific and one-half by people identified
with Northern Patlfic and Great North
ern. The value of this stock: will con
sist almost wholly In its voting power,
whereby a board of directors will be
chosen representing equal and joint con
trol of Burlington by Union Pacific on
one side, and by Northern Pacific and
Great Northern on the other.
This arrangement for control la supple
mented by a detailed agreement cover
ing many points, particularly with refer
ence to competitive building by either of
the Interests involved. An effort ha
been made to anticipate such difficulties
as we're thought liable to rise and to
provide for their settlement in advance.
Collateral to this settlement la an Im
portant change In the position- of North
ern Pacific and Great Northern. The
stocks of both companies are to be ex
changed for the stock of the Northern
Securities Company, which Is to be. In
effect, a consolidation of Northern Pa
cific and Great Northern. Great North
ern JEs to, go Into tho new company on the
basis of 180 for the stock, while Northern
Pacific common is to go in on the basis
of 115.
Northern Pacific preferred Is to be re
tired atar next January. The method
employed will be for Northern Pacific
preferred to be exchanged for boid8,
which bonds will be convertible Into
Northern Pacific common stook. There
is a reason why two conversions are
deemed necessary. But for practical
purpores it may be assumed that North
ern Pacific preferred is to be converted
Into Northern Pacific common, and that
Northern Pacific common will then be
exchanged for Northern Securities stock.
As a result of the agreement, Union
Pacific will tender Its holdings of North
ern Pacific preferred for conversion un
der the plan and will exchange Its
Northern, Pacific common for Northern
Securities. Union Pacific receives com
pensation for making this change, but
this Is a matter pertaining to that com
pany rather than to the settlement as
a whole. It Is sufficient to say that
Union Pacific received Inducements which
were satisfactory. s
The effect, however, of the conversions
will be to mke Union Pacific a large
holder Of the stock of the Securities Com
pany and entitled to a voice In the man
agement Of Northern Pacific and Great
Northern. It Is possible, although that
Is not a matter of record, that the Hill
Morgan Interest may acquire holdings of
Union Pacific stock in order to have some
voice in the management of that com
pany. The Northern Pacific stock now In the
Oregon Short Line treasury will be re
placed, after the various exchanges are
made, by the proper amount of Northern
Securities stock, which will become, in
effect, If not actually, collateral forming
part of the security for 0 millions of
Union Pacific convertible bonds.
The broad effect of the settlement upon
Northern Pacific and Great Northern Is
that Mr. Hill Is able to carry out his
plan of a combination of the two com
panies, releasing a very -large amount of
money, creating a stock In which the
public can have a substantial Interest
and combining the two properties In a
way calculated to secure maximum ad
vantages and minimum disadvantages in
growth, vmanagement and profits. Re
covery of control of Northern Pacific was
essential, and made all the rest possible.
A settlement with Union Pacific without
a fight was also of large importance.
The effect upon Union Pacific Is that
It has secured what It regarded ases
scntial. namely, power enough In Bur
lington to prevent aggressive action by
that property under Hill management. A
very serious danger threatened. It has
been wholly removed and removed in a
way which has afforded Union. Pacific
a large profit in money and securities
and given it no inconsiderable voice In
the affairs of its great competitor. Union
Pacific obtains more than it at first
sought and gets it without a fight.
It has been an issue between giants.
Probably few realized how great dan
gers have existed at times. In the set
tlement both parties gain In essentials,
each- in Its sphere. Neither has lost
prestige. It Is well for both that vital
questions, sure to have arisen later, have
been Included at the outset In a plan for
the adjustment of difficulties. It is well
for. the country that there should be
railway harmony between the Mississippi
River and the Pacific Coast and well, also,
that there should be financial peace in
Wall street.
All Must Act Together.
Pendleton East Oregonlan.
The East Oregonlan believes that no
plan for the Improvement of the Columbia
River will be permanent that does
not recognize 'the claims of state.
Just so long as Portland asks
for Federal money to make It
stronger from a navigation standpoint,
and fails to see to It that the upper river
has proper attention, so long will Port
land fall to accomplish what she desires.
She will find opposition from Astoria and
Eastern Oregon, sufficient to prevent re
sults. (But Portland Is not doing this.
Portland demands attention for the upper
as well as for the lower river, and mouth
of the river.) Also, It is true that Just so
long as Astoria and Eastern Oregon at
tempt to deprive Portland of her rights in
the matter of river improvements, Just
so long will no results come to them in
their desired ends.
It is imperative that some one compe
tent so to do formulate a consistent plan
for the handling of the entire river Im
provement, as relating to the Federal ap
propriations, such a plan io incorporate
just recognition of Portland's rights, and
also those of the other portions of the
state that are Interested.
We of Eastern Oregon appreciate that
Portland's continued growth as a com
mercial center is essential to the prosper
ity of the state. In proportion as Port
land develops her commercial possibilities
will Oregon advance. Portland Is joined
closely with all of Oregop, In all matters
pertaining to the bringing out of the
latent resources. Portland Is In a figura
tive sense the heart of Oregon, and only
by the strong flow of commercial blood
through that heart may Oregon have the
strength warranted by her great natural
wealth and cqmmandlng position.
We must have no Internal quarrels. We
must have accord and harmony". We must
make a 'long pull and a strong null and
a pull all together for the good' of the
commonwealth. Let us stand as a solid
wall of defense against the aggression
of our rivals; pr, better, let us be an ag
gressive army, fighting for our rights at
the hands of the- Federal Government.
' m DARKEST AMERICA.
Chicago Tribune.
"We know what tha spoils system
brings about," says Dr. Hlrsch. "No
baker can sell bread to a state Institu
tion unless he Is a Republican. You can
hnagine what this Republican bread Is
when the superintendent would not Guy
any other bread, no matter how much
better in quality." The men. in chargo pi
institutions find In "Republican
broad" WiMen vlrtno- M, , (.munri.
for sourness and short weight. The' men
In charge of the dounty Institutions per
ceive In "Republican coal" qualities hid
den from the public which offset the shale
and dust mixed with It.
The man out of office Is not Interested
in the politics of his baker or his coal
dealer. Nor Is the public interested In the
politics, of the men who furnish bread and
coal to charitable institutions. The party
label on the loaf counts for nothing. All
that Is demanded Is that the quality shall
be good and the price not excessive.
Whether the coal is "Republican." or
Democratic" matters nothing so long as
it has the evaporating power called for
bV the contract and will keep warm the
Insane, the blind, or the paupers for whose
benefit it Is bought.
In state and county Institutions Ques
tions of quantity and quality are not con
sidered in purchasing supplies. Bread and
meat are not bought to sustain the lives
of the Inmates so much as to encourage
the Republican butcher and baker. It is
no consolation at all if .that butcher or
baker Cheats, that a Republican, not a
DfKttOrtrat. la fhi a-nini hrbv- Roth
ji alike are fit candidates for the peniten
tiary.
It is an article of faith in these Insti
tutions, that drugs cannot safely be
bought except from a Republican druggist-
and cannot safely be administered to
patients except by a Republican dopror.
It is assumed that a physician who votes
for Democratic candidates cannot have re
ceived a complete medical education. No
clothing will pass muster unless It has
a Republican label. The goods mey be
slazy and have no "wear In them, but that
Is overlooked o long as they arc politi
cally sound.
Seventy years ago, when the spirit of
partisanship was bitter, no good Demo
crat would deal at a Whig store If he
could help it. It was with fear and
trembling" that a Whig let a Democratic
doctor give him medicine. All that has
vanished, but the public lnstiutlon still
sets more store on the politics of the
tradesman than upQn tho quality of his
goods. Not only must he at this time be
a Republican to get orders, but he must
be a Republican who sympathizes with
and -will work far "the machine" which
has the giving of contracts and orders.
Thus it is that the humanitarian pro
vides sfrelter for the afflicted and sets
aside funds for their comfortable care,
and then- the commercial politician with
his spoils system, takes charge of affairs.
He feeds the inmates with "Republican
bread." even if It be not nourishing, and
will have none but "Republican coal,"
even though It does not keep them warm.
These things are going on in this coun
ty and state, and yet there are good peo
ple, who, unmindful of the heathen at
home, are giving and working to con
vert foreign heathen, who may "bow down
to stocks and stones," but who do not
let politics govern and degrade their char
ities. THE TRUST MAGNATES.
And Their Prodigious Solicitude for
"the Poor Man."
Chicago Chronicle.
Tho solicitude of the trust magnatesnd
other tariff beneficiaries, if any others
still exist, for the welfare of the poor la
very touching.
"Whenever It is seriously proposed to
reduce the revenues of the National Gov
ernment theae benevolent persons are in
stantly prompted to put In a word for tho
poor masses of the people.
They yearn to see the poor man enjoying
his free beer, his free tobacco, his free
whisky, his free teaspoonf uK of sugar for
his coffee in the morning. They were good
enough to see that he had his "free break
fast table" tea and coffee thirty years
ago. Now they long to see him sipping
hla free gin and sugar free everything,
in fact, except free clothing and such
other things as they are manufacturing
and selling to him at tariff monopoly
prices.
The pity of It Is that the average voter
seems to believe that these tariff bene
ficiaries are really his best friends.
He may get his eyes open some day.
Then look out!
Duty to the Youngr.
Milwaukee Sentinel.
If there are stall saloons to which In
nocent boys and girls are lured and in
which the foundation is laid for their
downfall, as reported by the committee,
the places should be closed. Open gambling-houses
are better than secret resorts
of like character; the saloon Is better than
the blind pig; the restricted, supervised
confinement of the social evil wKhln care
fully prescribed limits well known to the
public Is better than the same evil scat
tered throughout the city under all forms
of disguise. But the stall saloon as above
described Is absolutely bad and It should
have ho place In a modern orderly city.
In their efforts to move public senti
ment to a point where the authorities will
bo forced to abolish resorts of this char
acter, the evangelical ministers should
have the earnest support of all reputable
citizens. It Is to be- hoped, however, that
they will direct their attention to such
phases of evil as can be abolished and,
without indulging In sensational state
ments aid the police in their efforts to
restrain the unfortunate and viciously dis
posed. If they demand the Impossible, If
they insist on accomplishing by legal en
actment and enforcement reforms- that
can only come through education and a
moral uplifting, they will do more harm
than good.
Department for Everybody.
New York Journal of Commerce.
The farmers felt or .were represented
as feeling that a proper regard for their
importance to the Nation involved the
creation of a Department of Agriculture.
With representation In the Cabinet. Many
of the commercial bodies are taking the
same view and demanding that the im
portance of commerce and industry be
recognized by the appointment of a Sec
retary thereof. But what Is more Import
ant than labor? Labor organizations are
demanding that there be a Department
of Labor, and that a Secretary of Labor
nave a seat at tne taDie oi tne iresi
dent. A very large class In the communi
ty consists of the school teaqhors, and
almost nothing Is more essential to the
well-being of the Nation than the work
they are doing, and it cannot be long he
fore they will be demanding that there
be a Department of Education, and that a
Secretary of Education be added to the
Cabinet. At this rate the capacity of the
Cabinet-room In the White House will soon
be outgrown, and the President will have
to meet his Cabinet In the East room.
"Would Remove Taxes From Luxuries
Philadelphia Ledger.
Senator Hanna and his associates, the
greatestbenenciaries of the Dingley tariff,
which heavily taxed the necessaries of
life, Is the- breeder of a host of oppressive
trusts and monopolies and is a menace
to commercial peace, favor the reduction
of the Treasury surplus by diminishing
the Internal revenue taxes on luxuries.
This Is a sorry response to President Mc
Klnley's Buffalo address, jyhlch should
havo the force and sancItT of a dying
appeal to the American people.
The Real Business Interests.
St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Any Congressional Interference with a
great monopoly will be considered by the
monopoly "a disarrangement of the busi
ness and financial affairs of the country."
But there are still a great many people
In business who are not associated with
monopolies.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Two weddings to one marriage Is cer
tainly pretty good measure.
Perhaps Mr. Croker will present the
Tiger to the olty of Wantage for a pet.
i The samexweddlng dresses ought to do
for the next occasion but how about the
cake?
Marriages are made In Heaven,, but tho
recording angel must have beon off watch
last week.
It cost New York $700,000 to beat Croker
and no one has been heard complaining at
the price.
Governor Van Sant of Minnesota ap
pears to be willing to pay his fare when
he travels.
Gresham Is going to have a band.
Poor Gresham. It has hardly -recovored
from the fire.
It would tfe only fair for the ministers
to perform the second batch of weddings
at half price.
Are the young women who were led to
the altar In Portland last week maids,
wives or widows?
Lord Hope has sold his celebrated blue
diamond, but tho name of the hotel clerk
has not yet been made public .
The court 6f inquiry cost Admiral
Schley $20,000, but he could get It all
back in two weeks by going on the
stage.
The correspondents have already begun
putting the X ray3 on the White House
and taking photographs of the President's '
message.
Queen Alexandra will probably about a
week before the coronation begin ask
ing every one she meets If hor crown Is
on straight.
If the county commissioners have any
regard for tho feelings of the little blind
god, they would hav&vmade that appoint
ment long ago.
If any of the young couples who were
married last week repent at their leisure,,
they have an elegant opportunity to save
the costs in a divorce case.
Mr. and Mrs. Blank Invite you to at
tend the second wedding of their daught
er, Mollle Pitcher, to Mr. John James
Jonesv The date will be fixed when the
happy couple returns from the present
wedding tour.
A cup of hot coffee is an unfailing
barometer, if you allow a- lump .of sugar
to drop to the bottom of the cup. and
watch the air bubbles arise without dis
turbing the coffee. If the bubbles collect
in the middle the weather will be fine;
if they adhere to the cup, forming a ring,
it will either rain or snow; and If th3
bubbles separate without assuming any
fixed position, changeable weather may be
expected
An even more simple barometer Is made
by Inverting an empty oil-flask In a
pickle-bottle full of water. The higher
the water rises In the neck of the flask,
the flnor the weather will be. A rapid
fall indicates rain.
Good Times All Aronnd.
Still ol" Georgy's raisin
The merriest, kind of tune;
Roses In December
Whlsperln of June.
When you think it's Winter,
With Its skies of gloom.
Suddenly a frostfiakb
Melts into bloom!
Atlanta Constitution.
An' here in Luzeanner,
Why. everything's in bloom.
An" even when it's ralnin'
It's pourin down perfume.
The birds are always slngin',
Jn sunshine an' In rain.
An" Luzeanner's raisin'
Well, everything and cane.
New Orleans Times-Democrat.
An' up here In Chicago,
Where culture fairly hums.
Society Is sportln'
Its big chrysanthemums.
The gayest lot of people
You ever come across
We're puttln' In our evenln's
A-worshlppIn' the hoss.
Chicago Tribune.
In Maryland we're happy
The nor west breezes pipe;
Tho canvasback is blooming
And the terrapin Is ripe.
The hardshell crab Is tempting
The jaded appetite;
The oyster makes us joyous
The world is running right.
Baltimore American.
'Way out here In Oregon
There's scads an' scads o rain.
That means pastur's green nex year
An fields o golden grain;
Wild geese honkln overhead.
Flyin' south by night.
Comln' down to Winter here.
Fur Oregon's all right.
PLEASANTRIES OP PARAGRAPHERS
Nothing to Lose. Cholly I think I may
change my mind. Miss Marbleheart (earnest
ly) I Would If I were you. Judge
Properly Described. "What i paramount
Issue?" "It's the particular i e that a
speaker finds It easiest to discuss." Chicago
Post.
When They Retire. Blnk5 I hear that Mr.
Greatman will never run for another office.
Jinks Goodness me! When did he die? New
Tork Weekly.
About All That's Necessary. "Brown tells
me he owns a farm out In Dakota." "Well,
well! Re has grounds for a divorce, hasn't
her Philadelphia Evening Bulletin.
No Hope for Him. He Will you marry me
If I stop smoklns cigarettes? She No. Mr.
Sappy. I can't bear the idea of marrying a
man who does nothing. Harlem Life.
Going Through the Rapids. Cholly Mr.
Jones, I want your daughter our mutual loe
is as strong and tumultuous as the rapids of
Niagara. Mr. Jones Well, have you got a
"barrel" big enough for two? Puck.
Works Both Ways. Nell I hear you are go
ing to marry young Simklns. Allow me to
congratulate you. Boss But I'm not going to
marry him. Nell Ah! Then allow me to con
gratulate you again. Chicago News.
A More Serious . Affair. Mr. Collegebrrd
Yes, Jack Stalwart got his neck broken In that
game yesterday. Pretty tough luck, but not
near so bad as what happened to Plokerupp.
Gladys Oh. dear' What happened to Plcker
upp? Mr. Collegebred (In a ghastly whisper)
He fumbled the ball! Judge.
J nut Ills Smile.
S. E. KIsor, In Chicago Record-Herald.
I meet him every morning as I hurry through
the street.
He looks as If his thoughts were far away;
The shoes are worn and rusty that he has
upon his feet.
And he loiters as tho careless only may.
Ills clothes are frayed and old.
Nature cast him In a mold
That was poor and warped, and took but little
care,
Whenwshe set him up, to trim
Off the rough outside of him
But Iwlsh I had the smile I see him wear.
He may never win the envy of ,the crowds that
hurry by.
He may never charm with tongue or brush or
pen;
Perhaps the Lord intended him to merely llv
and die
As one of those who wait on other men.
I see him move along,
All unconscious of the throng.
Clad In raiment that has long been out o
style;
He Is jostled to and fro
As -of small account, but oh,
I wish that I possessed his happy smile.