THE MORNING OREGONIAN, - TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1901,
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XORTLAKD, TUESDAY, NOV. 10.
POPULISM OX ITS DEATHBED.
Populism Is on its deathbed in the
states of its birth. Its first dress was
that of the Farmers Alliance of 1890,
which followed the anti-corporation
agitation at the West provoked by the
tyrannical domination of the railroads
of the trans-Missouri region. In 1892
the Farmers Alliance North and South
became known as the People's party.
In 1896 populism was strong enough to
Impose Its nominee upon the Democratic
National Convention, and its "free
silver" plank drew to Its standard thou
sands of Republicans who were in no
other sense Populists, Just as "green
backlsm" in 1874 won the support of a
good many Republicans who were in no
other sense Inclined to vote the Demo
cratic ticket, Populism has lasted abojit
ten years. Its birth and growth is a
good Illustration that the American peo
ple are not to any great extent a read
ing people, except when they read for
entertainment rather than instruction.
Populism had Its original birth in
utter Ignorance of the history of
the world's economic experience; In
titter Ignorance of the nature of our
form of government; in utter ignorance
of the simple letter of the Federal Con
stitution and Its orthodox construction
by the greatest statesmen of our coun
try both those who framed our compact
and those who authoritatively expound
ed It. No man who had ever read the
history of Van Buren's administration
and the panic of 1837 would have pinned
his faith to such visionary schemes as
the Subtreasury and Government ware
house; no man who was familiar with
the history of "cheap-money" experi
ments from the days of Charles H down
to the era of "Confederate money" could
possibly have been a greenbacker or a
free silverlte. On a great moral ques
tion so plain as that of human slavery
no man of natural intelligence needs
to be a reading man to set him right,
for every man knows that he would not
like to be a slave to the best and most
benevolent man of his acquaintance,
hut it demands more than native Intel
ligence and Inborn moral sense to punc
ture the fallacy of illimitable paper
money or "free" silver coinage.
The time has been in the history of
the world when the wisest leaders of
the -people were fqoled by such false
finance, and it requires some knowl
edge of the history of the evolution of
Bound money, some understanding of
the fearful economic evils that have fol
lowed In the train of cheap money to
make even an honest, sane man under
stand that he picks his own pocket as
well as that of his neighbors In the long
run when he enacts a currency of de
preciated money, whether of paper or
silver. When times are good this pop
ular ignorance of the history of the ev
lution of sound money is not apparent,
because when his pockets are fairly well
lined no man has any temptation to
force a test of his theoretic vagaries,
but when times are hard, when several
years of poor crops and business de
pression have shingled his farm build
ings and top-dressed his lands with
mortgages, the average agriculturist Is
easily persuade to believe that his
burden can be lifted from his shoulders
by creating through legislation cheap
money and plenty of it
Men of solid reading, of course, are
never caught hy this fallacy, because
their books furnish them with proof
that every statesman in the history of
our country, from Jefferson, who lost
$25,000 by the Continental paper issue of
1776, down to Tllden, is on record In pro
test and testimony against It. But the
men who suffer by hard times do not
know the history of the disastrous issue
of ajf experiments In cheap money,
whether of paper or depreciated coin
age, and the demagogues who appeal
to them always disguise or pervert the
truth. There Is absolutely nothing new
in the vagaries of populism, whether
in the matter of political economy and
finance. Financial demagogues have
always Vexed the air In seasons of hard
times, and probably always will, until
the circle of persons who read for some
other purpose than entertainment be
comes so "enlarged that the Vocation of
the cheap-money charlatan will be
gone. Nor is it remarkable that com
paratively few Americans know any
thing about the history of the world's
disastrous -financial experience in striving-
to legislate Value into illimitable
paper money or depreciated ellver.
Carlyle confessed that to him polit
ical economy was "thedlsmal science,"
and the reading of the history of the
evdiution of sound money is "hard"
reading for the average man, whose
natural tastes lead him to read for en
tertainment or transient political ex
citement rather than for Instruction.
The average American will read carer
fully the prices current; he will study
carefully anything that promises to
make one dollar two, but the average
American is not disposed to read in cold
blood for Instruction or Information in
a broad sense. It is true that In gen
eral, every-day Intelligence we excel
any people In the world, but In the
great countries of Europe the financial
policy Is not a party football, any more
than the question of the recurrence of
the eclipse of the sun, or the return of
a comet. Europe has had Its dearly
bought experience In cheap finance, and
has profited by it; we .have had our
severe experience in the past, but we
have not profited by It, because a great
many of our people are so ill read that
they accept the vagaries of a "cheap
money" jawsmith as an inspired oracle.
The Populist party Is on Its deathbed,
but as soon as we have another severe
season of hard times its ghost will
again walk the earth.
A GOOD TREATY.
The chief effect of the new canal
treaty will ' be to put the professed
friends, but real enemies, of the
enterprise to some trouble to In
vent new methods of killing it
while pretending to favor It. The new
treaty does not insist upon fortifica
tions, but It seems to leave the matter
optional with us. This is right and just,
but the railroad attorneys In Congress
will doubtless be prompt to insist that
the right of fortification should be ex
pressly enacted. In -this they will have
the support of what activity can be
invoked by the contractors in fortifi
cation and ordnance work, and also,
undoubtedly, that of the Panama
route's sincere advocates, as well as
those who merely seek to use Panama
to defeat Nicaragua.
The canal Is to be neutral that Is the
main thing, and this negotiation lifts
our politics up from the plane of cheap
swagger to the higher levels of broad
statesmanship. It will be open to all
nations on equal terms. In peace or war,
and in war it Is not to be used or
marred for the purposes of strife. Ves
sels of one belligerent, if we accept the
Journal's cable, may not leave its wat
ers till twenty-four hours after those
of the other belligerent are safely away.
This is a noble conception and in keep
ing with the Ideals set up by our best
diplomacy for seventy years. Nobody
will oppose this treaty but for private
reasons. The time should be here at
last when these subterfuges should be
no longer tolerated.
The chief glory of this achievement
belongs to Great Britain, which has
honorably relinquished her isthmian
rights in order to make the canal a
broad, free highway for the commerce
of the nations. Her contention in the
matter has been not for herself alone,
but for all mankind. It Is an example
In broad-minded statesmanship that
might be studied with profit by the
jealous states of Continental Europe
that are always barking at the lion's
heels. Her course In this matter com
ports with her uniform policy of liberal
ity toward trade. Thanks to Great
Britain, the ships of snarling France
and grumbling Germany will pass
through this American highway on
equal "terms with tnose of the English
speaking race.
A LONG-FELT "WANT.
The establishment of a School of Do
mestic Science in this city may confi
dently be said to meet "a long-felt
want." The Incompetency of the young
women of the present day as house
wives Is only exceeded by the Ignorance
in their vocation of housemaids, or to
use the American designation, of
"girls who go out to work." The Idea
that women and girls, simply because
they belong to the home-making sex,
understand the details of housekeeping,
Including cookery, by intuition; in
other words, that they can do house
work intelligently and acceptably with
out having been taught how to do it
properly, is one that Is exceedingly
tenacious of life and big with the de
termination to measure all women by
one rule. It may. Indeed, be doubted
whether this idea will ever be wholly
eradicated from what may be termed
the popular mind, though the opening
of schools in various cities where do
mestic science Is taught lends encour
agement to the hope that reasonable
progress will in time be made in this
direction.
It was long ago conceded that to un
derstand carpentry a man must have
practical Instruction In the work that
comes under that head. There are, to
be sure, "wood butchers" in considera
ble numbers, still going around who de
mand $3 per day for their work, and
back, the demand by a certificate of
membership in their trader-union, but
they are not carpenters in the intelli
gent meaning of that term, simply be
cause they engage to do such work,
are men, and can saw to a line, use
the hammer without habitually striking
the wrong nail, or shove a jackplane
with more or less vigor. Neither does
the girl who engages to do housework
know how to do it simply because she
belongs to the housekeeping sex and
must earn her own living. True, she
may be able to raise a great dust with
the broom on sweeping day, and wash
the dishes by a mysterious process
through which they are chipped and
nicked in the handling. But it requires
a great stretch of charity to call her
capable, a great exercise of patience to
accept her workaday after day as "good
enough," and a great stretch of gener
osity to give her good money on pay
day.
The great mistake of trades-unionism
Is found In the accredited Incompetency
that It sends out under the seal of its
protecting wage scale. Before the ser
vant girls union becomes a popular
and all-embracing institution of pur in
dustrial life, It may well be hoped that
domestic science schools will become
numerous and be well patronized by
all concerned in that very Important
problem.of our National life the domes
tic problem. It Is not only that young
women of the working class must be
taught how to do housework In accord
ance with the requirement of modern
housewifery, but the mistresses them
selves must also be instructed. It Is
quite as necessary for one patty to the
housekeeping scheme to know when a
thing is done properly as for the other
to know how to do it, and to the extent
that the Domestic Science School, re
cently opened in this city, reaches and
instructs mistress and maid in house
keeping as a demonstrable and exact
science, the homes of the thrifty
masses will be benefited thereby. This
sort of High School has long been
needed in this community; no doubt the
need Is universal, since domestic service
Is the burning question inN every city
and hamlet of the land.
Let us be just in this matter, remem-
1 berlng that it Is as nnrpaKnna.hl to ex
pect girls, simply because they are
girls, to know how to do housework
without having first been taught, as It
Is exasperating to engage and pay them
to do it when they are ignorant of all
but Its simplest requirements perhaps
even of those. Let them be taught by
all mcana Their mothers may be cen
surable for their Ignorance or they may
not be, since their own opportunities In
the direction pf good housewifery may
have been exceedingly limited and no
one can teach what she herself does
not understand. Only when girls refuse
.or neglect to be Instructed let them
be censured for their supreme audacity
In- entering the labor market In a line
where steady work and good wages
await them, unprepared to meet its requirements.
NOT FREE COINAGE.
The Philippine Commission's recom
mendation for an American peso for
the archipelago, announced by Mr. Co
nant, who doubtless recommended it,
is interesting, and there Is no reason
on earth why the Administration tem
porarily under the Spooner bill and
Congress subsequently by statute
should not adopt It The Philippines
are fortunately farther away from us
than Porto Rico or Cuba, and we are
not confronted, therefore, with the In
centives offered both by sentiment and
convenience for maintaining token sil
ver coins there at approximately the
ratio followed by the domestic mints.
An American peso to circulate con
stantly at 50 cents offers a happy com
promise between the bullion value ar
rangement prevalent In silver-standard
countries and the uphill struggle to
carry dollars at their face value. The
Conant plan follows the precedent set
by Japan and Russia in proposing to
maintain, sliver coins steadily at a fixed
rate approximating their market value.
The ratio, also, seems to be about the
same that is, 33 to 1. Japan experi
enced some difficulty at first with this
ratio, from a temporary rise in silver
which developed an undervaluation of
the coinage and Its consequent tend
ency to disappear from circulation. The
present commercial ratio, of gold and
silver, however, bids fair to remain
comparatively steady, so long as the
cheapened cost of silver production la
offset by heavy output of gold.
It is worth noting, in passing, that
the 50-cent Philippine dollar Is totally
distinct from the free-cofnage dollar
championed by our silvern statesmen,
and actually proposed by some of them
for the Philippines. The Government
will do for them just what It does for
silver in the United States that Is, put
definite measures into operation for its
parity In other words, "discriminate.,r
The coinage will be limited and the
Government will doubtless accept them
In all payments made to It, excepting
possibly principal or Interest on the
public debt Things have changed since
1896, however, and our whilom "friends
of silver" may be expected to let the
"discrimination" pass without protest.
Few will be found to do reverence to
poor, old "16 to 1."
CAN .FARMERS COMBINE?
This question, if answered by the re
sults of attempted -combination for
years past, among farmers in many
sections of the West, including some
more or less disastrous experiences in
Oregon, would receive a negative reply,
almost without qualification. Qualify
ing the answer, however, it might be
said that perhaps farmers can combine
successfully in handling their crops, but
they have as yet lh the main failed
to do so, though many attempts in this
direction have been made.
Thetproblem of middlemen's profits In
the handling of agricultural products
has long been a vexed one. Farmers
have generally felt that too great a
proportion of the receipts from crop
production have gone to swell the
profits of transportation companies and
dealers, and to obviate this manifestly
unfair distribution Grange stores and
warehouses and farmers' waterway
transportation lines and purchasing and
holding syndicates have been attempted
seldom with profit, often with loss to
the Incorporators. Agitation resulting
In -the organization of the Populist
party wrought disaster where'rellef was
sought, while radical legislation, dis
tinctively In rural Interests, has been
tried with very little beneficial effect
A late phase of this effort, however,
is reported, the method of which is
attracting considerable attention in the
gralngrowing section, of which Kansas
may be said to be the center. Clamor
Is eliminated from this latest proposi
tion, and revenge forms no part of it.
Simply stated, it is a business proposi
tion, and it Is briefly outlined as fol
lows: Fifty farmers near the Town of Solo
mon, in Central Kansas, embracing men
of all political parties, last Summer
formed a co-operative grain-buying
company. Their number included 90
per cent of the wheatralsers of that
section, some producing as much as
20,000 bushels and most of them having
at least 5000 bushels as the season's
yield. Their Investigations showed that
the local buyers were paying 14 cents a
bushel less than the Kansas City mar
ket, while 8 cenfs' margin would meet
the expenses. Their company had but
$2500 capital; each member had but one
vote: the officers elented Itvliiriori a
f banker, a former member of the Leg
islature, and, as manager, a practical
grain-buyer and miller. They bought a
small elevator, Instructed the manager
to pay within 8 cents of the market,
this margin meeting the transportation
charges, and began business. As was to
be'expected, the rival buyers sought to
take away the business by paying more
than the farmers' company, and did so
for several weeks. Here was where Ihe
farmers met the situation. Under their
agreement, whenever more was paid
elsewhere, the members were instructed
to sell In that market, but for every
bushel thus sold 1 cent was paid to the
co-operative company. As a result, the
farmers' elevator stood still, but the
treasury was kept full and the members
gained 6 to 7 cents a bushel on their
wheat. One day a railroad blockaded
their elevator 'with coal cars. They
made no complaint, but transferred
their shipments to another road. The
cars were soon moved, and since then
plenty of transportation has been fur
nished. As the rival buyers ceased
high figures the elevator began busi
ness, and during the Summer and early
Fall has purchased 80 per cent of the
wheat marketed .at that point. The
profits have been enough to pay divi
dends amounting to about 50 per cent
on the original investment of the mem
bers. The success of the plan has re
sulted in the organization of many
other similar companies.
This shows what can be accomplished
in the interest of crop producers when
the effort is directed, not bv politics or
revenge, but by business principles.
Overwhelmed by the weak vagaries of
self-seeking politicians in past years,
farmers combinations have failed to
accomplish the purpose that their "name
Implies. The management of this lat-
est scheme has in It all the sagacity
of the manufacturers' combinations
known as "trusts," and, being divest
ed of the paternal and political element
and bias, it should succeed.
In deciding to decline to reappoint
Bldwell Collector of the Port 'of New
Tork, President Roosevelt doubtless
acted with an eye single to the highest
Interests of the cause of genuine civil
service reform, but even from the lower
plane of political policy the President
is wise to consider Governor Odell a
more potential figure for the future in
the Republican party of New York than
"Boss" Piatt Senator Piatt is In his
69th year; he will be 70 by the time his
present term expires, in 1903; he Is in
failing health, and it Is doubtful
whether he will seek a re-election to the
Senate. The fact that Governor Odell
was able to prevail against Piatt In the
matter of the reappointment of Col
lector Bldwell, who was sure to have
been commissioned again by McKIttley,
shows that Piatt's strength has suf
fered a decline In the Empire State.
Secretary Root, the ablest man In the
President's Cabinet, Is a lifelong oppo
nent of Piatt And a lifelong Intimate
friend of the President The set of the
political tide in New York for the future
is all against Piatt. The President and
his Secretary of State have fought him
within thei party all their days, and
Governor Odell has shown by his action
as Governor that he does not consider
"Boss" Piatt, his keeper. The chances
are that either Odell or Root will suc
ceed Piatt in the Senate, even if he out
lives his term, which is very doubtful.
When Roscoe Conkllng was United
States Senator and fought President
Hayes and Secretary Sherman In the
matter of the New York Collectorshlp,
and even when he fought Garfield and
Secretary Blaine, the political situation
was entirely different, and there, was no
comparison between Conkllng and Piatt
In personal force and party leadership,
but even then President Hayes and
President Garfield were victorious.
"Boss' Piatt is too old and broken to
make any open opposition to the Presi
dent For 200 years the Dutch, Spanish and
English colonial establishments In East
Asia have found either the regulation
or complete 'exclusion of Chinese immi
gration necessary. This was the situa
tion when, in 1882, the United States en
acted Chinese exclusion for ten years.
Today the policy of exclusion Is almost
universal. All the Australian colonies
have adopted the policy of stringent
exclusion, and so has New Zealand.
All the French and Dutch colonies In
the East have practiced rigid regula
tion and restriction of Chinese immigra
tion. No English colony today permits
the free and unchallenged entrance of
Chinese. The policy has proved suc
cessful on part of the United States,
for in 1890 there were 103,607 Chinese
males In this country, and In 1900 the
Chinese males were 103,006. The Chi
nese exclusion act is certain to be re
enacted, for both parties are agreed
upon It, and experience has conflrnied
the wisdom of Its policy. .
Portland should be ashamed of its tol
eration of the bicycle nuisance. It is
as absurd to allow bicycles to be rid
den on the sidewalks as to allow cows
and pigs to run the streets. No place
that has a character above that of the
cheap little country town allows it. It
will be said, of course, that trie streets
are not clean, or not as smooth as the
sidewalks. Then let the bicyclist walk.
His time Is not very valuable. In most
cases it makes little difference whether
he goes or not; and If It Is at all im
portant that he should go, he may take
a car, or walk, as other people do. One
of these days there will be a raid on
the sidewalk riders of Portland. It Is
silly for a village to put forth the pre
tensions of a city, while pigs are al
lowed to root and grunt In the streets,
or bicyclists to usurp the sidewalks.
The eldest son for twenty-three gener
ations of the direct line of LI Hung
Chang will hold the rank of Marquis.
This honor is bestowed upon future
generations by edict of the Empress,
Dowager. If in that length of time an
other LI Hung Chang does not appear,
of sufficient political value to the em
pire to insure Its renewal, the title will
lapse. This scheme, giving one China
man out of many millions a chance to
rise, is a fair indication of the progres
sive spirit of Tsl An and of her peculiar
sense of justice.
The seventeenth annual horse show at
New York opened with a Sunday ban
quet and grand parade of horses, the
latter led by Mrs. Wlnthrop Hope John
stone, with her tiny Shetland pony.
Shades of the stern old Puritan fath
ers! A Wlnthrop leading a Sunday
horse show parade! One can almost
Imagine a rattling of dry bones In the
old graveyards of Plymouth and Salem
as an accompaniment to the prancing
steps of the Shetland pony.
Clearly, Portland Is missing her op
portunities to be classed as an enter
prising and up-to-date city. With a
prize-fight in San Francisco and a sen
sational murder trail In Seattle, she Is
left 'way back In the race, with nothing
but a steady Increase of population and
a growing volume of business to attract
attentloa Poor, old Portland!
Summer has never se.emed more loth
to give place to Autumn, nor Autumn
to Winter, In the Willamette Valley
than during the present year. The limit
to Oregon's success at the Pan-American
Exposition was fixed by the fact
that an exhibit of her Incomparable
climate was a meteorological impossi
bility. Admiral Schley is In more danger
from adulation than he ever was from
vituperation. A man of abstemious
habits in eating and drinking, he will,
if he accepts half the Invitations to ban
quets that are being tendered him, be
fain to ask quarter of dyspepsia before
a year has passed.
Neither the restaurant men nor the
waiters in restaurants, as such, can get
along without the other. Men who walk
closely together should- be careful not
to jostle each other.
It Is found that the real and only
defect of the pension laws Is that all;
good citizens do not share and share
alike. ,
BOGUS RECIPROCITY.
New York Journal of Commerce.
Washington was properly selected aa
the place of meeting for the reciprocity
convention called by the National As
sociation of Manufacturers, but the date,
November Id, Is too early. The conven
tion should be held while Congress is in
session. The actual presence of the con
vention would make more Impression on
members of Congress than any communi
cations addressed to Congress by the con
vention. The proceedings reported In the
newspapers, which every Senator and
Representative must read every - day,
would have some influence; more influence
certainly than the" brief abstract of the
proceedings which will appear In the tele
graphic columns of the papers the gentle
men of Congress read at home.
The task of impressing Congress wilh
a proper sense of the need of reciprocity
is no easy one. Although this convention
is called by a body of manufacturers, the
great mass of protectionist sentiment In
the country Is against it, and even the
support of reciprocity by the chief pro
tectionist of the country, the late Presi
dent did not make much impression upon
this. The politicians are timid; they have
won a good many victories by talking
for high duties, and they are not quite
sure that there are enough voters in fa
vor of some modification of the tariff to
make It safe to go in for reciprocity. Our
dispatch from Washington yesterday
makes it very clear that reciprocity is to
be actively and passively opposed; active
ly by manufacturers and farmers whose
rates of protection it is proposed to re
duce alightly, and passively by the great
body of public men who feel that inaction
is safer than change; who are afraid, to
follow even such a lead as that or Presi
dent McKinley in modifylng,an outgrown
tariff system.
Our Washington dispatch show3 that
among politicians there Is a disposition
to evade the demand for reciprocity by
adopting the familiar device of the na
tions of Continental Europe, the maxi
mum and minimum tariff. The object of
this is clear enough; instead of reducing
some duties It is proposed to raise others.
It is hoped in this way to create the dis
crimination which it is imagined there is
a demand for, and at the same time con
cede nothing of present protection. The
discrimination Is not a vlrtuo; it is a
vice; It is not the good but the bad fea
ture of reciprocity. Mr. "McKinley was
not deluded with the idea that a mere In
equality of tariff was required; his last
speech left no doubt that ho was advocat
ing a reduction of certain duties to make
it easier for foreigners to sell some of
their wares in this country n considera
tion of cecuring a better chance to sell
some of our wares abroad. Increased
buying of some foreign commodities he
explicitly recognized as the condition of
continuing our enormous sales to foreign
countries. This would not be attained by
making parts of our tariff absolutely pro
hibitive while others are only almost pro
hibitive. And then there is a further body of
politicians who have seized eagerly upon
the theory propounded by the Home Mar
ket Club, that reciprocity means making
concessions only on commodities not pro
duced in this country. Two considera
tions show that this Is an absurdity;
nearly everything not produced in this
country is already on the free list; no
further concession is possible; the lan
guage of the law precludes any such con
struction; it clearly discriminates between
articles not produced here, all the duty
upon which, if any, may be remitted by
a reciprocity treaty, and commodities the
like of Which are produced here, upon
which the maximum concession that can
be made Is one-fifth of the general rate of
duty, and In the reciprocity treaties al
ready negotiated this maximum rate Is
conceded on very few items. Many con
cessions are only 6 per cent, and few over
10; a reduction of that amount Is a re
duction of an existing rate of duty from,
say, 60 per cent to 54 per cent ad valorem.
We do not suppose that'any American In
dustry would be seriously Inconvenienced
by so slight a reduction, and in exchange
for it we would In many instances receive
concessions of very substantial value.
The persons Interested in promoting rec
iprocity are for the most part the man
ufacturers. Many of these are conscious
of their Interests and some are not. Ev
ery manufacturer in the country who de
sires reciprocity must make this fact
clear to h!s own member of Congress and
to the public, and he must make it very
evident that he is deeply concerned in the
promotion of reciprocity. The mere adop.
tlon of resolutions will accomplish noth
ing. A few domestic interests are alarmed
and Congress is in the habit of giving
every alarmed interest everything it de
mands. It will be hard .work to break up
this habit and make Congress take notice
of larger interests. Men who wish the
reciprocity treaties ratified must make
every effort to convince Senators and
Representatives that they are profoundly
In earnest.
Smoklng-Rooms for Women.
Chicago Record-Herald.
Smoking seems to be growing in favor
among the fair sex, especially on the Con
tinent. So apparent haa this become of
late that the railroad authorities of Bel
glum have been seriously considering the
advisability of Introducing cars in which
only women shall be allowed to travel.
What has particularly served to bring
the matter before the officials notice Is
an Incident that happened a few weeks
since, when a young woman entered one
of the carriages on the SouthernRalIroad
reserved for ladle3, and in a few minutes
after the train had started from Brussels
lit a cigarette and began to smoke it.
Whereupon the other women in the com
partment became very Indignant, threat
ening to complain to the guard as soon
as the train stopped. "I am In a carriage
reserved for ladles," observed the smoker
blandly, "and I am not aware of any Law
which prohibits ladles from smoking."
When the train stopped the guard was In
formed of the proceedings, but was loth
to interfere, and the result was that
when the woman smoker arrived at her
destination, she consulted a lawyer, who
has now by an action In court raised the
Interesting question. Should railroad com
panies be compelled to provide separate
smoking-cars for women who wish to
smoke while they are traveling? some
of the companies, however, appear to have
taken time by the forelock, for it is un
derstood that arrangements have already
been made on some of the Belgian rail
roads to provide smoking compartments
exclusively for women, addicted to the use
of tobacco.
Prom the British Standpoint.
Boston Herald.
It is occasionally a good thing "to see
oursel's as others see us." The Glasgow
Herald, In commenting on the trouble In
the Island of Samar, says: "It looks as
though the Americans were going to be
so kind as to relieve us, once for all, of
the trouble of going eo far back as Gen
eral Sherman's march through Georgia
for precedents for the vigorous conduct
of guerrilla warfare." They hail General
Smith's proclamation to the Filipino rebels
as a rpfreshing exaiqple of the way their
kinsmen across the Atlantic enforce the
policy of "standing no nonsense." Our
Scotch contemporary claims that by the
side of this denunciation which warns the
rebels that they must surrender all their
arms, give up all the persons implicated
in the attack on the Ninth Regiment, or
else their property will be confiscated and
their leaders deported Lord Kitchener's
latest proclamation seems a "mere pep
tonized extract of the milk of human kind
ness." It then advises all the pro-Boers
of the United Kingdom to compare the
behavior of their own country with that
of other nations in war before talking
too loudly of British barbarity. It pre
dicts that they will find that America has
been immediately resorting to extreme
measures which Great Britain has "only
partially and with the veiy greatest re
lUPtanrtA odnntpfl." A
NOVEMBER INTEREST AND DIVI
DENDS. New York Tiroes. '
The Interest and dividend payments
scheduled for November at banks and
trust companies acting as transfer offices
of the large corporations, represent the
considerable amount of 560,217,000. This
is roughly, made up as follows: Govern
ment, interest payments, J2,500,000; rail
road dividends, 513,500,000; interest on rail
road bonds, 517.3SO.000;. industrial and mis
cellaneous dividends, 517,000,000; other clas
sifications, $10,000,000 more or less. As
the chief Interest of this estimate will
center upon what aro known as the great
industrials, we give below the dividends
scheduled for November payment in this
group;
Capital Dlvl.
stock. Rate. dend.
Am. Car & Fdry.... 530.000,000 5150.000
Am. Car & F. pfd.. 30.000,000 1; 525.000
American Ice 22,9a,900 1 229,219
American Tobacco.. 64,500,000 1& 817.500
Amer. Tobacco pfd.. 14.000,000 2 280.000
Boston-Montana 3,750.000 40 1,500.000
H. R. Worth'ton pfd 2.000.000 3V4 70,000
International Pump. S.500.COO 1& 132,750
Lenigh Coal & Nav. 14,366,6o0 3
Nat Biscuit pfd 23,825.100 1?4
National Salt 7,000,000 1
Pacific Coast 12.145.S03 VAm
431.000
417,114
105.000
125.207
577,500
125,000
218,750
135.000
1.4SO.O00
Penn. steel Co. pfd.. I6.500.coo 3
Pressed Steel Car.
12.500.000 r
Pressed S. Car pfd..
Procter & Gamble..
12.500,000 1"
4.500.000 3
Pullman Car
74,000,000 2
IT S. R-rnrPRS lO.OOO.OOd 2
ZW.uoo
U. S. Steel pfd 510.196.400 1 8,92S,437
Westlnghouse Elec. 10.536,716 1 IS;.
Other industrials 430,000
Quarterly.
November is an unusual month for divi
dend disbursements. The quarterly divi
dends were mostly distributed in Octo
ber, which explains the fact that the total
disbursements for that month were some
518,000,000 greater than those above re
ported. Large sums will be disbursed on
account of net earnings of smaller com
panies by checks on balances in bank,
without any public announcement.
Such a condition of profit-sharing indi
cates a high degree of general prosperity,
and will perhaps suggest to those whose
temperament 13 pessimistic that a situa
tion 30 favorable cannot possibly continue,
but presages a collapse of the many
atorled tower of our industrial structure.
The habit of the farmer who scans the
sky for ominous indications and pro
nounces every day which seems top fair
and beautiful a "weather-breeder," lives
like a race trait in certain natures. It
requires no wisdom to predict that, sooner
or later, storm will follow fair weather;
and It shows no wisdom to sacrifice the
enjoyment of clear skies and orlght sun
shine In a search for indications of a drop
In the barometer.
Another Schoolmistress: In Court.
Chicago Tribune.
Miss Goggln and Miss Haley are not the
-only school teachers who have achieved
fame by going to the Supreme Court for
a decision. Miss Nina E. Spearin, a
Main schoolmistress, is in the Supreme
Court of that state seeking a decision also.
She is a believer in the virtue of the rod,
prudently but firmly used. So when Mas
ter Harriman repeatedly disobeyed and
even defied her, she gave him a few sharp
strokes with her pointer. In the old days
a boy who should have reported such an
experience at home would have Incurred
the danger of a second "licking," but
Harriman, Sr., i3 not one of the Spartan
kind, and Joe3 not fear the spoiling of
young Harnman by sparing the rod. He
complained of Miss Spearin and she was
summoned before a Magistrate, who fined
her 55 and costs for assault and battery.
Miss Spearin promptly appealed to the
Supreme Court of the state, and Its de
cision Is awaited with much interest. The
laws bearing upon corporal punishment In
Maine aro not specially clear, arid need
the Illumination of the higher court. If
the decision is in her favor, it may serve
to improve school discipline, but even this
ii not certain. If parents side with their
children it will be -much more likely to
keep the schools In a continual uproar.
If, on the other hand, the decision is
against her, it will be hailed with enthusi
asm by schoolboys, and it may be diffi
cult to define just where the authority of
the teacher begins, and ends. In some
schoolb, where the refractory spirit is
quite pronounced. It may be hard to tell
whether the school Is run by the pupils
or the teachers.
In all probability the decision will be
against Miss Spearin, for the whole trend
of latter-day discipline is adverse to cor
poral punishment, whether in schools or
in penal Institutions. The teacher who
cannot govern without the rod is not con
cidered to have mastered the science of
government, and the enforcement of a
penalty by the use of the lash Is held to
be needless barbarity. Of course, much
depends upon the point of view. A cen
tury ago failure to use the rod would
have been regarded as a tempting of
Providence and wicked disregard of duty.
Most people today will probably favor
moral suasion, but some of the older ones
will wonder whether the "licking" at
school, supplemented with the "Hckin
home, was not sometimes of value.
at
The Isolation of Actors.
The condition, which from some Impor
tant points of view is fortunate, from oth
ers unfortunate, and from nearly all Inevi
table, is unique indeed. Here we have the
only large class of workers which keeps
the world at arm's length. Clergymen,
physicians, lawyers, architects, mer
chants, tradesmen and laborers of all
sorts, by the very terms of their toil are
brought Into constant personal contact
with parishioners, patients, clients or cus
tomers. Even painters and sculptors must
needs be in touch with their patrons. But
that thin. Impassable row of blazing
lamps, which rims the front of the stage,
accomplishes as the Great Wall of China
was built to accomplish. Behind them
is the sole "profession"; In front of them
the barbarous laity. If the player desired
to break down the partition, he would
scarcely be able to do so. From the more
important social gatherings, which take
place in the evening, both actress and
actor are necessarily absent; the actor
may vote, If he can acquire a residence
and contrive to be in hik own city on elec
tion day, but it Is Impossible that he
should take any active part in politics
or participate In preliminary meetings,
caucuses and "rallies," which are held at
night; and as to attendance at church,
the player encounters, In the first place,
the difficulty, inseparable from his wan
dering life, of making a connection with a
parish, and, besides, in recent year3, is al
most constantly required to travel on Sun
day, passing from a 'Saturday evening's
performance in one town to a Monday
morning's rehearsal In another.
Anarchy nt Philadelphia.
New York Evening Post.
A dastardl yattack on the memory of
President McKinley Is made In the Bul
letin of the American Iron and Steel As
sociation. It deliberately asserts that he
made his reciprocity policy "more radical
than that of the Republican National Con
vention of 1900"; that he "conspicuously
aided the free-traders": that he "proposed
a rev.elon of the Dingley tariff," forget
ting tnat protection "needod his continued
help to strengthen It with the young men
of the country, If not with their elders. '
It is all very well for the Bulletin to say
.that it is "painful" for it to have to ex
pose Mr. McKinley's recreancy to pro
tection, but the question i3 whether Its
talk Is not essentially anarchistic. Presi
dent Roosevelt has distinctly undertaken
to carry out his predecessor's tariff policy,
and is not an attack upon that an attack
upon him? According to the doctrine
laid down immediately after the Presi
dent's assassination, the Bulletin should
be suppressed, and Its editor put in jail.
He merely provokes the Evening Post to
laughter, but how does he know that he
Is not provoking some protected iron
mrustRr tn mnrdfir?
NOTE AND COMMENT
Admiral Calliard Is about the highest
salaried bill collector In the world.
Perhaps Mayor Low will give the Tam-
many tiger a job In the Central Park
zoo.
The tag plants in Kentucky have con
solidated, probably while the Legislature
had? Its fingers crossed. -
The most curious thing about that
Hotel Portland robbery is that Mr. Low
enthal is not an actress.
Now that John Bull has given his con
sent to the Nicaragua Canal, Uncle Sam
will become the man with the spade.
That plan to overthrow the Govern
ment at Dawson shows how terrible the
British name has been made by the
Transvaal war.
Andrew Carnegie says the possession
of money is a great worry. He seems
to be making a lot of trouble for li
brary directors.
Mr. Brodrick says that Britain's teeth
are set Evidently the War Office In
tends to follow the American example
and abolish pull.
The report that Russell Sage has blven
his entire fortune to found a home for
disabled members of Tammany Hall
proves to bo Incorrect
Captain Sauermllch arrived In Portland
yesterday on the German bark Sirene.
Exposure to thunderstorms at sea plays
havoc with a man's name sometimes.
The city might have purchased those
diamonds to pave Washington street
They would have been considerably
cheaper than the present Improvement
Judging by the fact that Oom Paul has
has not yet ordered his coronation
clothes, it may be taken for granted
that there is still something of a dispute
in the Transvaal.
Colonel John Jacob ,Astor has patented
a marine turbine engine to drive vessels
at high speed, which is highly praised by
the experts. The Astor turbine differs
from other forms In that it has no sta
tionary parts other than the journals and
foundation frames which carry It. The
casing of the turbine revolves as' well as
the shaft, but in an opposite direction.
While the shaft propels one propeller,
the case, whirling In the opposite direc
tion, moves a second screw, both screws
driving the vessel.
An Interesting link with John Bunyan
Is about to be removed by the demolition
of the quaint little chapel In Klng'3
Court, Great Suffolk street, Southwark,
London, which, was recently shut up on
account of its ruinous and dilapidated
condition. Local tradition associates the
author of the "Pilgrim's Progress" with
the chapel, the story being that while ho
was conducting religious services at his
own improvised chapel in a shed in Zoar
street he frequently attended at King's
Court and preached from Its pulpit too.
It is also related that on one occasion,
having ruffled the prejudices of the citi
zens by his teachings, he was hotly pur
sued by a furious mob and evaded their
pursuit by hiding In the garret of the
chapel.
The wor3t fog recorded in comparative
ly modern history was that of 17S3, which
was so terrible that the advent of the
day of judgment was generally appre
hended. It appeared first In Copenhagen,
reached Dijon next month, passed over
Italy, reached Norway and swept over
Russia, on to Syria and the Altai Moun
tains, spreading consternation every
where. But the darkness was not the
only terror: Intense heat and lightning
accompanied it. In England considerable
loss of life and infinite damage to prop
erty resulted from this cause. In Ger
many and Hungary towns were wrecked.
France was swept by terrible storms and
Sflesia was flooded. Influenza attacked
the Inhabitants of the district over
which the fog passed. In St. Petersburg
alone 40.000 peopel were affected. Calabria
and Sicily were convulsed by earthquakes:
In Iceland a volcano started Into activity
and one sprang out of the sea off Nor
way. t
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
And the Beast. "Why do you call them
'beauty and the beast,' when he seems such a
nlco sort of fellow?" "Because, you see, he's
a literary lion." Philadelphia Evening Bul
letin. Literary. The Janitor The parties in this
room are lltterati. I wonder what that means?
The Scrub Woman May ba it do hov somet'lng
to do wid the litter they make, I dunno. De
troit Free Press.
In Great Luck. "You've lynched the wrong
man!" cried the Sheriff "Well." replied Al
kali Ike. thoughtfully, "It's a great piece of
luck that we didn't And It out in time to spoil
the fun." Chicago Post.
Bargains for Undo Sam. "I see that our
soldiers had a great fight with the insurgents
in Samar, killing a lot of them and capturing
large stores." "Dear me. I wonder If they
were department stores?" Cleveland Plain
Dealer. Tllden By the way. Fldgett did you ever see
"The Merchant of Venice"? Bolton Why. my
dear boy, I never was in Venice In my life.
How could I have seen htm? By the way. Is
there only one merchant In Venice? Boston
Transcript.
Appropriate. D'Auber This Is the landscape
I wanted you to suggest a title for. Crlttesk
H'm! rather Impressionistic. Why not call It
"Home"? D'Auber "Home"? Why? Crlt
teek Because there's no place like 1L Phila
delphia Press.
Accuracy. "They tell me you came out of
your lecent campaign with colors flying." 'said
the friend. "I don't know," answered Senator
Sorghum: "maybe you misunderstood him.
Maybe you thought ho said 'colors' when ho
said 'dollars.' "Washington Star.
A Plea for Purity. "What we want." said
the First Patriot, "Is honest elections." "I
should ssy so," agreed the Second Patriot.
"Why, Heeler promised mo 50 for my In
fluence In my ward, and now he says he never
agreed to give mo more than ?10." Baltimore
Sun.
t '
From the Rowan Tree.
Katharine Aldrlch, In The Atlantic.
'TIs I go singing, singing, across the fields at
dawn:
With fairy music ringing the blithe new day
Is born,
And all the trees are stirring, far as the eye
can see;
But never tiniest leaflet moves on the rowan
tree.
Ah! flutlngs from the sea of dreams, ye will
not let me rest;
Ye call and call, the livelong day, the heart
from out my breast
The heart from out my breast to the face mine
eyes must see
Because I slept at nightfall beneath the rowan
tree.
'TIs I go weeping, weeping, across the dewy
meads:
The cruel hills are sleeping, no least breath
stirs the reeds.
No least breath stirs the reeds, nor .West wind
comforts roc.
But I hear the branches groaning, all on the
rowan tree.
My brother', O my brothers, call mo to life
and light!
'TIs human love can fold me from the terror
of the night.
They pass beforo me, cold and hard, and oh!
they Jeer at me.
For I have kissed Dream Allka beneath the
rowan tree.