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THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1901
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rORTLAXD, MONDAY, XOVEJIBER 18.
THE ARID LAXDS.
Representative Newlands, of Nevada,
at the last session of Congress, intro
duced a bill to reclaim arid lands, which
he is reported as saying he has reason
to believe will have a good chance to
the coming session. President Roose
velt will make some recommendations
of a general character on this subject
in his coming message. The Newlands
bill provides that, "the proceeds of the
salos of all public lands, amounting to
about 53,000,000 annually, shall go into
a fund to be expended under the direc
tion of the Secretary of the Interior,
In providing storage reservoirs for
water in the arid 6tates, to make the
lands available for settlers. The en
tries under the act must be in eighty
acre tracts. The cost of each enterprise
is apportioned among all the acres
capable of reclamation by it. Settlers
will pay for the lands in ten annual in
stallments. This provides that the fund
shall be kept good and be a revolving
fund to be constantly increasing by
new sales of land and installment pay
ments." The Newlands bill would do for a be
ginning. The General Government
alone is able to deal with this subject;
and, though it might not get back, di
rectly, all the money it might expend in
supply of water for arid lands, the in
direct advantages would far exceed the
value or amount of any direct expendi
ture. Millions of acres of arid lands
may be converted into lands as highly
productive as the best In the United
States. But private capital will not be
embarked in it upon a sufficient scale.
The National Irrigation Association
makes these recommendations, viz:
1. The annual appropriation for the hydro
graphic division of the United States Geolog
ical SHrvey should be Increased from $100,000
to $260,000, for irrigation Investigations and
surveys, and for sinking deep test wells.
2. An appropriation should be made In the
rivers and harbors bill of at least $1,000,000 to
bulM two reservoirs In Colorado, one on the
Arkansas River and one on the Platte, and
also, as provided In the Senate amendment to
the last rivers and harbors bill, two reservoirs
In Wyoming- and one at Lake ICampeska, in
South Dakota
3. An appropriation of at least $3,000,000
should be made to build the San Carlos reser
voir and canal in Arizona, the St. Mary's
Lakes diversion canal. In Montana, and a res
ervoir in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, In
California, with canals to bring the water to
public lands in Nevada.
4. An "arid-land reclamation fund" should
be created by setting apart for that purpose
the proceeds of the sales of public lands as a
constitution fund In the Treasury of the United
States, to be expended by the Secretary of the
Interior in the construction by the National
Government of storage reservoirs and main-line
canals to bring water within reach of settlers
on the arid public lands, all such lands to be
reserved for actual settlers only, under the
homestead act, the cost of works built by the
Government to be borne by the lands reclaimed
and repaid in annual Installments.
In Eastern Oregon, in Eastern "Wash
ington and in Idaho there are vast
tracts, now barren through aridity,
which may be converted Into highly
productive lands; and the water supply,
if rightly husbanded, will be abundant
and unfailing. Let us have a beginning
by the Government, and an "arid land
reclamation fund." The suggestions of
the President will be awaited with in
terest in the states Interested in the
subject. The district that would be af
fected by the legislation is equal in ex
tent to one-third of the area of the
United States.
RESCUE FOR FOREST RESERVES.
The new Bureau of Forestry, in
charge of Professor Flliburt Roth, of
Columbia University, ought to do much
to extricate our forest reserves from
the confusion into which they have
fallon. The idea behind these reserves
is in every respect commendable. Cer
tain mistakes have been made, how
ever, in putting this Idea in concrete
form, and it is time special attention
were given to the matter of correcting
mistakes, so fax; as they are still subject
to correction, and inaugurating a ra
tional policy with respect to this im
portant part of the National heritage.
Merely to reserve forest areas does
not complete the duty of timber preser
vation which the Government bas as
sumed. Nor is it sufficient that the
Government protect the reserves from
Injury by fire or by sfteep or cattle.
This is important, it is true, but the
timber reserves will, never confer their
full measure of benefit until provision
be made for commercial use of ma
ture or dead trees, the removal of rub
bish and the renewal of the forest.
Here is a field for scientific study and
practice. It Is. a task that will require
all the. talent and energy of such well
equipped men as Professor Roth and
Professor Allen, the latter of whom
has long been Identified with agricul
tural and forestry work, and is now
made Forest Inspector In the new bu
reau. News that radical changes in the ad-
ministration of the forest reserves has
been, determined on comes as evidence
that the "Washington authorities are
fully aware of the need of Improvement.
This may be said without unkind criti
cism of the work already accomplished,
for our forestry policy is new, and as
yet hardly settled. President Roose
velt's hand may be seen in the crea
tion of the new bureau as a step toward
putting: our forestry on a scientific and
practical basis. Politicians have dealt
with it long; enough. The experimental
stage has been passed. There is just
demand for changing the present, treat
ment of timber reserves as National in
stitutions, and this change should go to
the extent of eliminating the gross in
justice of the Indiscriminate lieu-land
feature. The exchange now permitted
operates as a premium on dishonesty.
Considering the origin of the new bu
reau and the crying need for reform
In our forest-reserve policy, there is
great hope In this new move. It is a
work that should receive every encouragement.
TAKE BROAD VIEWS.
Nearly all the petty devices of tariff
tinkers fall a long way short of their
goal. It becomes Increasingly doubtful
how much virtue lies In Consuls and
Custom-Houses, and how efficacious. the
statesman's keenest lance and stoutest
armor are to cope against good old Hu
man Nature, doing business deep down
in the general heart of man, below the
reach of winds and waves blown about
by Congress and Reichstag.
The primer class In political econ
omy could tell us how much Great Brit
ain or Germany would add to Its com
fort by refusing to buy American meats
or grain. A blow would fall upon the
Dakota farmer and the Texas rancher,
but these, at least, would not perish
of starvation. The bitterest cry would
come from the worse sufferer whose
rations were cut off. And so, if In this
country we should blockade our ports
against coffee from the South and tea
from the East, seals from Alaska and
silks from France, not all or perhaps
the most complaint would come from
the country of export. Here at home
the outcry would wreck any political
party that took protection or agrarian
ism so seriously.
In England once they tried to make
bread dear for the farmer's benefit; but
in the agitation thus engendered the
corn laws were swept away like a
bouse of cards. In Germany they sup
port the beet Industry with bounties;
but the rich reward goes across the
Channel In the form of cheapened
sugar. In France they pay enormous
sums for subsidies to ships; but the
bounty-fed vessels scurry hither and
thither in alien ports, giving to France
no added commerce, but carrying the
Oregon farmer's wheat more cheaply to
Liverpool. In Spain they levy heavy
toll on American meat, but workingmen
complain bitterly of their stinted and
unhealthy diet Our rich men buy rich
relics of art and literature abroad, and
keep them there because of our high
tariff. The discontented ones are not
those who view them In Europe, but
those in this country who are denied
the boon.
"Where, then, can we draw the line
and say, This import is a bles3lng and
that a calamity? It looks like folly to
us to sec them making costly or Impos
sible the enjoyment of good American
flour and meat in Germany; but is it
any the wiser for us to punish those
who would adorn their bodies and de
light their souls with the silk and wine
of sunny France? If Liverpool does not
take our wheat, others will, and prob
ably we shall see the day when all the
wheat from west of the Rocky Moun
tains will go across to Asia. If we
deny ourselves Irish linen and Italian
marbles and Persian rugs and dyes
from Central America and diamonds
from Klmberley, others will take them
gladly.
"We talk proudly of reciprocity, but
reciprocity is not an Inducement; it Is
a penalty. It Is at best an overture to
spare the rod In case certain of our
demands are complied with. It is a
scheme to pick out certain complaisant
peoples with whom we will trade, and
certain other benighted ones with whom
we will quarrel. But suppose we suc
ceed? Suppose we apply such "duties to
stubborn Germany as will forbid her
wares to enter here, the while making
easy by preferential arrangements the
import of similar wares from France.
With France, doubtless, we shall do
some business, though how much more
than now is problematical. But what
shall we gain from hostility with Ger
many? Is it not at bottom the old fal
lacy that he who buys is ruined, and
he who sells Is blessed? Trade will
come where It is welcome. Every cargo
coming In means a cargo going out. A
generous Invitation here, through lovjer
tariffs, for all Europe to trade, will
bring us imports and orders for ex
ports. It is to our profit to buy as well
as to sell. Perhaps It Is time to go
after trade with the smile of welcome
instead of the bludgeon of protection.
Vinegar never catches files.
UNWRITTEN LAW.
When domestic wrongs are arbitrated
by the pistol In America It Is always
pleaded In defense of the man who
shoots the invader of his home that
there is an unwritten social law pro
foundly rooted In public opinion which
holds the civil law Inadequate to the
punishment ot offenses against women
and the family, which justifies recourse
to private justice to supplement It. This
"unwritten law," It would seem, cannot
successfully be Invoked In behalf of a
wife who shoots the female wrecker
of her domestic peace, for on the 5th
Inst., at Somerset, Ky., Phoebe King
and Nancy Hanley were found guilty
by a jury of manslaughter and sen
tenced to five years each In the peni
tentiary. The two women killed Mrs. Epsey
Sellers on August 14, 1900. Mrs. Hanley
charged "Mrs. Sellers with alienating the
affections of her husband. Phoebe King
is Mrs. Hanley's daughter, and the
mother and daughter were convicted
of having shot Mrs. Sellers to death.
In their case "the unwritten law" as
the recourse of women was, of course,
as rightfully pleaded as It could be In
the case of a man shooting the de
stroyer of his home, but the Jury de
clined .to. sanction a resort to it on part
of a woman, while doubtless they would
have justified it in a man. This pro
ceeding is the reduction to absurdity of
this wretched plea of "unwritten law"
in defense of the arbitration of domes
tic wrongs with the pistol.
If there is any natural justice or
equity in it, such a plea ought to be
as good a defense for a wife who shoots
her husband's married paramour as it
is for the husband who murders hie
wife's paramour, for If a married
i woman may be seduced fzom her duty
by the insidious advances of a man,
why may not a married man be cor
rupted by the wiles of an artful, un
principled woman? The plea of "se
duction" may be worthless' In either
case, but if it may be fairly urged in
the one case it Is Just as good in the
other, and if a married man's plea of
"unwritten law" is a good defense for
shooting the "seducer" of his wife, the
same plea ought to be just as good for
a wife who shoots the married woman
that angles for her husband's affec
tions. There cannot be any "unwritten law"
that is a good defense for murder in a
man which ought not to be accepted as
an equally good defense for a woman.
There Is no such law, written or "un
written," which can rightfully be
pleaded in defense of murder, and the
refusal to grant a woman any benefit
of this "unwritten law" so often suc
cessfully Invoked in defense of a man,
exposes the wretched absurdity and de
pravity of this vicious plea.
TIIE MAN FOR THE HOUR.
In the beautiful old book of Esther
is a touching passage that has formed
the theme of many a sermon. It is the
appeal with which Mordecal, the Jew,
concludes his supplication to Esther
that she would .go In before: the King
and try to save her people. "Who
knoweth," he pleads, "whether thou
art come to the kingdom for such a
time as this?"
Many is the moral, fitted to varying
time and place, the pulpit has pointed
from this' time-honored text. And yet
another application may be found In
the good news that comes from Wash
ington whenever the new President an
nounces a determination upon some
new 'policy. Theodore Roosevelt ha9
come into the kingdom at a good time,
and his resolves, as they are from day
to day disclosed, only serve to light up
the dark places In our politics, to which
we have grown Indifferent through
very familiarity. A man of mannerisms
that are disquieting, or at least surpris
ing, not accomplished as a statesman,
and not profound as a schqlar, he has
an honest purpose that covers and wise
ly directs a multitude of eccentricities.
It is a portentous list, this catalogue
of things that need deliverance. There
is the civil service, weighted down with
idleness and incompetence; there is the
Army, crlppjed through favoritism;
there is the Navy, torn with jealousy
and intrigue; there Is the Federal Ju
diciary, the prey of spoilsmen; there Is
the tariff, the victim of clashing pri
vate interests; there is the public do
main, fast melting away under the ra
pacity of corporations and perjurers.
To all of these the ' new President
comes with promise of aid. The Army
is to have promotions on merit; the in
terests picked out for sacrifice by the
Kasson treaties will discover a friend
at court; the places wrung by spoilsmen
from the classified service will be re
stored and others added; the judiciary
will be lifted whenever possible out of
the mire of partisan politics; the Navy
can expect treatment commensurate
with its needs. The salutary effects
that are likely to flow from the new
regime in the Forestry Department
are treated more in detail In another
article on this page. The new hope for
the public lands Is rosy with promise.
In this reclamation of a great resource
from the sway of corruption and Igno
rance one of the most disgraceful and
costly scandals of our history is to be
brought to an end.
The explanation of these phenomena
is very simple. There Is a man in the
White House with two qualities that
are rare In politics. He has moral
fiber and he has Intellectual convictions.
In every address the President makes
will be found somewhere tucked away
a recognition of spiritual truth and
feeling. He "preaches," as he himself
says. He does it openly, for he is not
ashamed of It. He does It creditably,
for what he preaches he practices. The
strenuous life of. rugged endeavor is
not only his theory but his conduct.
In the elevation of such men as Roose
velt and Low to high office there Is
more promise for the Republic than In
all the balances of trade of our pros
perous years, or all the victories of the
Spanish War.
It is worth a great deal, also, to have
the highest example in the land set by
one who loves to find out what is right
and true "for its own sake, and sets out
to da It, rather than to submit every
question to the changing test of parti
san expediency. It is a discouragement
to the whole tribe of trimmers and
weathervanes, and it is an encourage
ment to every man who likes to think
that what is best is worth having, and
what is right is worth fighting for. The
lot of every American youth is some
thing brighter, and his future more ra
diant, every time one of these inspir
ing announcements of honest policies
comes from the White House. It Is
upon such careers that must be fed the
heroism of every age.
'SUBSIDIZED 'EXPANSION.
The Philadelphia Press, one of the
most ardent advocates of the shipping
subsidy graft, has interpreted Commis
sioner Chamberlain's annual report, and
from the figures contained in that docu
ment makes some astonishing deduc
tions. In the remarkable growth of the
coasting shipping trade, the Philadel
phia paper sees that "no better proof
could be furnished of the beneficial ef
fects of protection in the shipping In
dustry." Naturally, the remarkable
increase in the demand for iron, steel,
coal and lumber could have nothing to
do with this Increased business. With
the whole world making demands on
America for iron and steel products,
lumber, grain and other commodities
which are produced In the region tribu
tary to the lakes, where the greatest
growth has been made in American
shipping, no additional tonnage would
have appeared, had It not been for the
protection afforded.
This Ib the worst kind of rot. The
industrial development of the lake re
gions and of the entire United States
.has been so great in the past few years
that no power on earth could prevent
the shipping business from growing
along with other Industries. The lake
shipping was Inadequate for the de
mands made upon it, and the big roll
ing mills and steel works, In order to
protect their own business, were forced
to build hundreds of new craft to carry
ore and coal from the mines to the
factories. Business was good all over
the world, and England, Germany and
France were using more American steel
plates In the construction of steam and
sail vessels than ever before. Not only
did the lake ores find their way out of
America In the form of steel plates and
other manufactured products, but a
great many of the steamships which
h&a been built for the lake trade were
I taken through the canals and out on
the ocean to compete for the trade of
the world. Some of them made the
long trip around the Horn, and are
now engaged in Pacific Coast trade.
They have carried coal between Brit
ish Columbia and California ports In di
rect competition with British, German,
Austrian and Norwegian ships, and
have never bankrupted their owners in
the trade. Regarding the increase in
the construction of vessels fdr the for
eign trade, the Press says:
That Increase Is altogether due to the pledge
of the Republican party to pass a bill to aid
our merchant marine lngthe foreign trade, and
the confidence of shipowners that the party will
redeem that pledge. All of the large vessels
under construction for that trade, wKh two or
Hire exceptions, owe their existence, according
to their owners, to tho belief that Congress will
pass a bill to carry out the party pledge on
this subject.
Considerable Pacific Coast money has
been Invested in foreign shipping en
terprises within the past few years, and
it was not Invested with the expectation
of depending on the United States
Treasury for returns. It was invested
because Americans were quick to see
that the unsubsidlzed ships of England,
Germany and Norway were paying their
owners net profits of 25 to 40 per cent
per year. As a business enterprise, and
not as an object of charity, has the
American merchant marine been grow
ing, and as a business enterprise It will
continue to grow and expand, in keep
ing with other Industrial enter
prises. All of the materials of which a
ship is constructed are cheaper In
America than In Europe, and the cost
of manning the vessel is so near the
same under the same circumstances
with all nations that this does not cut
much of a figure. Even if the wage dif
ferences were great enough to affect
the situation seriously, Congress could
not consistently vote a subsidy for the
millionaire shipowner, and refuse to ex
tend similar aid to the wheatgrower,
who is forced to raise wheat In competi
tion with the pauper labor of' India,
Argentina and poverty-stricken Eu
rope. If Morgan, Rockefeller, Griscom
and their friends are entitled to Gov
ernment aid, doubly so is the producer
who supplies the freight which they
will carry to market.
The President's appointment of N.
S. Stranahan to replace George R. Bid
well as Collector of the port of New
York City Is significant of a possible
political coldness between the President
and "Boss" Piatt, who strongly urged
the reappointment of Bidwell. On the
other hand, Governor Odell, of New
York, and his political friends, have
warmly protested against Bldwell's re
appointment. The Civil Service Reform
Association, so far as appointments to
office is concerned, has found Collector
Bidwell fair and just, and has not
been able to criticise his discharge of
me appointed under former adminis
trations, but the association objects to
Mr. Bldwell's use of his official position
to control political movements. Mr.
Bldwell's position, as a district leader
and cQmmltteeman is not considered
compatible with his position in the
Federal service. The Washington cor
respondent of the New .York Evening
Post recently quoted the secretary of
the Civil Service Reform Association
as saying that Mr. Bidwell had violated
that portion of the civil service law
which warns all heads of departments
against the exercise of their Influence In
the manipulation of political primaries
and nominating conventions. The ap
pointment of the new Collector before
Congress meets gives the President the
advantage over "Boss" Piatt, for the
new appointee will be at once installed
and will hold over till the end of the
long session next Summer, even if his
nomination were held up Indefinitely.
The only way that "Boss" Piatt could
make a point against the President
would be by procuring from the Sen
ate an out-and-out vote to reject, which
he probably would not do.
Dr. Mary Walker, the eccentric
woman suffragist, whose advanced
ideas on the subject of woman's rights
caused her to adopt man's attire many
years ago, will not lose her pension be
cause of her alleged utterances regard
ing the assassination of the late Pres
ident. Commissioner of Pensions Evans
says that, even if it could be proved
that Dr. Walker uttered the sentiments
Imputed to her, there is no law under
which she could be deprived of her pen
sion, which she obtained as the widow
of a Union soldier.
An Important chapter In Oregon his
tory Is treated In Mr. Thomas N.
Strong's articles In yesterday's and the
preceding Sunday's Issues of The Orego
nlan. All' who take Interest and pride
in the state should read the articles
and preserve them. The day is coming
when the materials of Mr. Strong's In
dian lore will be of priceless value to
the historian.
For once Multnomah County Is In
luck. Potatoes are high, and the poor
farm, for almost the first time in its his
tory, has raised enotlgh.of this very es
sential vegetable to feed its accredited
paupers and their keepers through the
Winter and Spring.
Every man designated for service on
the organizing committees for raising
the fund for the Lewis and Clark Cen
tennial Is expected to be present at the
rooms of the Chamber of Commerce, 246
Washington street, this (Monday) even
ing at 8 o'clock.
The reason why the proposed dredge,
fireboat and drydock vill seem to cost
so much money Is that building of them
has been so long put off. Interest on
time wasted will be found to amount to
more than Interest on money hoarded.
London Is making fun of the "Modern
Reader's" Bible, because it comes out
of Chicago. If London could turn out
a better one, which she cannot, the
criticism would He more becomingly
In her mouth.
Mr. PInchot's Investigations in West
ern forestry problems- have bonne un
expectedly early fruit. The new For
estry Bureau is the joint product of his
wisdom and the President's discern
ment. The Biers have given Kitchener so
much trouble that It would not be sur
prising If he has decided to extend his
time limit from September 15 to Decem
ber 25, so as to enjoy a Christmas din
ner. Secretary Wilson's -boost for the
Lewis and Clark Centennial reminds
us that his heart Is always In the right
place. He Is a good friend of Oregoa
The number of hungry applicants for
the position of County Clerk Indicates
that times are as hard as ever.
SIZE IS NOT EVERYTHING.
San Francisco Call.
From" statements made by the officers
of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, to
be held at St. Louis, it appears to be
their intention to make a bigger exposi
tion than any ever before held. All their
talk Is of bigness. We hear nothing about
quality. Wether the exposition Is to be
beautiful. Interesting, Instructive, does
not count. The one thing to be achieved
is to make it In every respect a "mam
moth aggregation of stupendous details."
as the circus posters have It.
The Columbian Exposition, at Chicago,
occupied C66 acres of ground, but the St.
Louis people have set apart 1200 acres in
Forest Park for their exposition, and now
the managers are asking for 200 acres
more, so as to have 1400 for what they
call their "colossal fair."
To provide enormous stuctures for the
huge area they have already raleed more
money than Chicago had to begin with,
and ttisy expect much more. For the
Columbian Exposition Chicago raised
$5,000,000 by public subscriptions, ?5,CO0,0C0
by municipal bonds and $2,750,000 more
was obtained from the Federal Govern
ment, making a total of 512,750,000. St.
Louis has raised $5,000,000 by public sub
scription, $5,T)00,000 by municipal bonds,
$5,000,000 from the United States Govern
ment and $1,000,000 from the State of Mis
souri, making a total of $16,000,000 to start
with. The total cost of the Columbian
Exposition Is estimated at $18,322,000, and
the St. Louis officials estimate the total
cost of their enterprise at $30,000,009.
One of tho big features of the exposi
tion will be the building designed for the
exhibit of agriculture. The structure Is
to cover 32 acres, and it Is said It will
be the largest exposition building ever
erected. One of the officials, in describing
it in a recent Interview, said: "It will
be 700 by 2000 feet in dimensions.' There
will be room in it for a mile racetrack."
There are to be other huge record-break,
Ing structures. Among them will be the
manufacturers' building No 1, COO by 100
feet; transportation building; 6C0 by 1200
feet; mines and metallurgy building, 600
by 1200 feet; the United States Govern
ment Building will cover 100,000 square
feet. Other buildings, all the largest of
their kind ever used for exposition pur
poses, aro the electricity, the liberal arts,
the education, the social economy. The
total co3t of these buildings has been
estimated at $7,000.000. .
In one respect the St. Louis enterprise
will fall below the magnitude of that at
Chlqago the art department will not bo
soarge as that at the Columbian Expo
sition; but the St. Louis official who ad
mitted the defect was prompt to add that
the quality will be much, finer. Then the
St. Louis Exposition expects to prove su
perior to all predecessors In the extent to
which It will be a live show. Thus we
are told: "There will be the cotton mill
in operation There will be the pork
packing house in operation. There will be
tho cheese factory In operation. There
will be the zinc, lead, coal and gold and
silver mines and the smelter in operation.
Everytlhng will be 'on the move.' "
Flnaffy, St. Louis Is to have a big thing
in. the way of a novelty, bigger than the
Toar Eiffel, or the Ferris wheel. It is to
be an "aerial globe," built of steel and
glass, witn a circumference of 1000 feet
and a capacity to hold 25,000 people. It
Is to be chuck full of amusements from
bottom to top, and we are told: "There
will be room for thousands to enjoy an
a la catte evening meal while feasting
their eyes upon semi-tropical luxuriance
of plants and flowers in all their glory,
and ever and anon looking upward at the
awe-Inspiring steel arches. 175 feet high,
and eight in' number, which will rise from
the edge of the garden and meet at the
extreme top of the globe under the obser
vatory tower room, 570 feet above the
ground."
Really, St. Louis seems determined to
push bigness to the limit. Pcsslbly sne
marks the end of that kind of extrava
gance. After the big thing has been seen
wo may hope there will be a return to
reason among our people, and that ex
positions hereafter will aim not at mere
magnitude, but at something of artistic
exc'ellence. Already there are many Amer
icans who would rather not see so much
than have to see so many things that are
not worth, seeing.
France's Expensive Subsidies.
New York Times.
The French Ministerial project aimed
at the revival of a French merchant ma
rine found expression in the Chamber or
Deputies the other day, when M. Mllle
rand, the Socialist Minister of Commerce,
in defending the merchant shipping boun
ties bill, described the law of 1893 as an
outrage on common sense. He said that
It had encouraged sailing vessels at the
expense of steamers, and that last year It
cost the state 25,000.000 francs. From 1881
to 1892 French vessels carried 30 per cent
of French trade, but last year they car
ried only 20 per cent, whereas English ves
sels carried 68 per cent of English trade,
and German vessels carried 57 per cent
of German trade. M. Mlllerand scouted
Admiral Rleunler's Idea of a surtax on
foreign vessels entering French ports, for
that system, which was attempted In 1871,
had speedily to be abandoned, and it
would give rise to reprisals.
The only remedy for the decline of the
mercantile marine, declared M. Mlllerand,
was to give inducements to steamers and
withdraw them from sailing vessels. The
bill would give French-built vessels a
bounty of 65 francs pei ton, besides 27
francs for machines, 133 francs for navi
gation, and 2 francs for customs duties,
making altogether 227 francs per ton. The
average coat of construction being 450
francs per ton, this would be a protection
rather over 50 per cent.
A Key Note.
Providence Journal.
Some Senators favor reciprocity, they
say, but favor it only In articles that we
do not produce. Can we concede tariffs
on articles already on the free list? What
tariffs are they willing to lower?
The Modern School Teacher.
'Twan Saturday night, and a teacher sat
Alone, her "task pursuing;
She averaged this and she averaged that,
Of all that her class was doing.
She reckoned percentage so many boys,
And so many girls all counted,
And marked all the tardy absentees,
And to what all the absence amounted.
Names and residences wrote In full,
Over manv columns and pages;
Canadian,. Teutonic. African, Celt,
And averaged all their ages,
Tho date of admission of every one.
And coses of flagellation.
And prepared a Hot of graduates
For the county examination.
Her weary head sank low on her book,
And her weary heart still lower;
For some of her pupils had little brains.
And she could not furnish more.
She slept, she dreamed, It seemed she died.
And her spirit went to Hades,
And they met her there with a question fair,
"State what the per cent of your grade Is!"
Ages but slowly rolled away,
Leaving but partial traces.
And the teacher's spirit walked one day
In the old familiar places.
A mound of fossilized school reports
Attracted her observation.
As high as the statehouse dome, and as wide
As Boston since annexation.
She came to the spot where they buried her
bones
And the ground was well built over;
But laborers digging threw a ekull
Once planted beneath the clover.
A disciple of Galen, wandering by.
Paused to look at the diggers.
And plucking the skull up, look'd through the
eye
And saw It was lined with figures.
"Just as I thought," said the ypung M. D.
"How easy It Is to kill 'em!
Statistic ossified every fold
Of cerebrum and cerebellum."
"It's a great curiosity, eure." aald Pat,
"By the bones you can tell the creature!'
"Oh, nothing strange," said the doctor, "that
Was a nineteenth oantury teacher." ,
Chicago Tribune.
AMUSEMENTS.
"The Convict's Daughter" opened a
week's engagement at Cordray's last night
to a crowd so large and enthusiastic that
it broke most of the glass out of one of
the doors while It was trying to get into
the theater. Nor did Its enthusiasm les
sen after It got inside. Every appear
ance of the hero was hailed with cheers
well qualified fo make the welkin ring,
while the villain was energetically hteacd
every time be perpetrated a particularly
black piece of rascality, and on one oc
casion when he had been taking an un
fair advantage of the heroine he was
openly denounced as a brute by an Indig
nant gentleman In the gallery.
"The Convict's Daughter" Is billed as a
melodrama, and It 13 a melodrama. There
can be Ho mistake about that. The hero
happens to be a tramp, but you can hear
the beats of his noble heart thumping in.
his manly breast, and he even so far for
gets his hobo estate as to eat with his
fork and wash his hands once in a while.
Enter this tramp upon a happy family In
Kentucky, consisting of a Colonel, his
wife and a tender innocent maid of some
IS Summers, who thinks she Is the daugh
ter of the family. She Is mistaken. Her
mother, the wife of an innocent man who
has just been called to a long sojoarn In
the penitentiary, turned her over to tho
Colonel at the early age of one day, the
Colonel's wife having just lost an infant
daughter. The babies were swapped, the
live convict's daughter being sub Itutea tor
the deceased offspring of the Colonel, and
Mrs. Colonel, who was In a trance at the
time, being none the wiser.
Enter, as before stated, this tramr.
who, by a curious accident, is the girl s
real father, although he little dreams of
It. He Ids spotted as an escaped convict
by the villain, a nephew ot tne Colonel's.
James Blackadder, is threatened with
death unless he claims to be the girl s
father and take her away, and accedes,
although he knows all the time that he 13
not acting strictly on the square. When
the daughter Is removed to the shack
Mr. Blackadder assigns to the tramp, he
makes overtures to her with a view to
marrying her (for her money, of course,
but her heart is still true to the sweet
heart from whom she was torn when she
wa3 taken from the Colonel's home, and
she will have none of him. The villain is
about to enforce his claims with a threat
to send her father to the "pen," when
the father comes In. discovers that the
Kin reany is nis uaugnter says u iew
, .. . . . . .i i
ucruic inings, ana ueues u:e viutuu, iui
which heroism he is rewarded by a
speedy return to prison.
Of course, he escapes, dodges a fusillade
of bullets from the guards, boards a pass
ing express train, and turns up In the
last act Just In time to get the old Colo
nel out of a hole In which his nephew
has put him, and to cause everyone to live
Jiapplly ever after.
W. R. Ogden, who Is an actor of ex
cellent ability, gets a great deal out of
the part of the tramp, relieving the more
strained situations with a genuine com
edy, and using a good voice to advantage
in the heavier lines. He was warmly ap
plauded throughout, receiving curtain
calls with unfailing regularity. Nelsen
Levin made so good a villain that he was
publicly proclaimed as such by one of the
audience and was hissed earnestly on
every possible occasion. Alberta Lee was
sufficient as the convict's daughter, and
Elsie Palmer made a good housemaid. The
remainder of the company were equal to
their several parts. The play was well
mounted, the prison scene with the pass
ing railroad train being a masterpiece of
realism. It will be the attraction all the
week, and will undoubtedly play to big
houses.
Last Performance Tonifrlit.
"King of the Opium Ring," which has
been playing to unprecedented business
at the Metropolitan all the week, will be
given Its last performance tonight. Two
crowded houses saw the play yesterday.
The house will be dark the rest of the
week In order to permit extensive Im
provements. Rise of Oar Merchant Mnrlne.
New York Journal of Commerce.
In number tho shipyards of the country
Increased very slightly during the past
decade,' but as the number exceeded
1C00 when the former census was
taken It evidently consisted for the most
part of very small concerns, boat-builders
or mere repair shops. The number of
shipyards of Importance probably does
not exceed 50, and most of these are
very recent creations, or have been ex
panded out of such small beginnings that
they may not improperly be called crea
tions. The census bulletin on the sub
ject shows this fact indirectly by stating
that the capital Invested In shipbuilding
and repairing has increased 181 per cent;
nearly $50,000,000 has gone Into this
business In the decade, and the greater
part of that In four years, it Is safe to
say. The amount of wages paid and the
value of the product have nearly doubled.
Work and the Cost of Living.
Springfield (Mass.) Republican.
There has been an upward tendency
to prices until now the family must pay
$97 74 for what could have been bought
a year ago for $91 29, and in 1S97 for only
$72 43. General commodity prices for this
period of four years of business revival
are now at the highest point. The cost
of living Is a third higher than it was.
Nevertheless, present conditions are
plainly more satisfactory to the masses
of the people than were those of the low
price period. Their votes show It. There
Is more work and steadier employment
for large numbers of wage-earners.
The employer or capitalist class gain
most from boom times and suffer most
frcm hard times. Thl3 Is pre-eminently
their day, and there seems to exist among
the employe class little disposition to be
grudge them their good fortune; for it
Is to be recognized that the brunt of the
loss from business reaction, whenever It
comes, will fall upon the employer class.
Our Shipping? lloom.
New York Journal of Commerce.
So many shipbuilding plants have been
established In the last two or three years
that It has sometimes looked as If the
business were likely to be overdone. But
there Is now an announcement of still
another yard, which will be at Norfolk, j
and which will cost at leastUl.000.WJ, and
the most significant part of this announce- j
ment Is that the plant is being established
by three existing shipbuilding concerns.
wnc ui iuwc iitt...-u wic iwW -"'
pany, ol Richmond, one of the latest and
best-equipped of our yards; the other two
are said to be In Philadelphia and Bath,
and aro conjectured to be the Cramps and
the Sewalls. That the owners of three
yards should associate for the creation of
a fourth yard Indicates that they are not
only busy, but that they expect to be busy
for a long time.
Sometime, Somewhere.
Robert Browning.
Unanswered yet? the prayera your lips have
pleaded
In agony of heart these many years?
Does faith begin to fall, Is hope departing?
And think you all In vain these falling tears?
Say not. the Father has not heard your prayer;
You shall have youp desire, sometime, some
where. Unnnswered, yet? tho' when you first presented
This one petition at the Father's throne.
It seemed you could not wait the time of
asking.
So urgent was your heart to make It known.
Tho' yearn have passed since then, do not
despair;
The Lord will answer you sometime, some
where. Unanswered yet? nay, do not say ungrantad.
Perhaps your part Is not yet wholly done.
The work began when first your prayer was
uttered.
And God will finish what He has bgun.
If you will keep your incense burning there.
His glory you shall see, sometime, somewhere.
Unanswered yet? Faith cannot be unanswered,
Her feet were firmly planted on the rook;
Amid the wildest storms she stands undaunted,
Nor quails before the loudest thunder shock.
She knows Omnipotence has heard her prayer.
And cries, "It shall be done." uomatime,
somewhere
NOTE AND COMMENT
Spain ls having its som-weekly Cabinet
crisis.
Philadelphia contlnuos to b the black
sheep In the family of cities.
Everything comes to him who waits,
even trouble with hte employers.
The County Galway will soon be tho
Mecca -of the peripatetic war oerreepona
ents. Congress will be in session soon, but
we will have much to be thankful for
anyway.
Preparations for the next prlza fight
are without doubt well under way in San
Francisco.
This will be such a hard Winter that
even the New York ice trust will be
frozen out.
Ruhlin Intended to go on the stage If
he whipped Jeffries. Jeffries deserves a
medal for elevating the stirge.
At all events, our naval officers are
loving and gentle when compared with
the officers In the British Army.
It has been raining lconld in South
ern California. Now, who will dure to call
that section the land of eternal drouth?
The coal man Is now preparing to turn
both cheeks to be smitten by the parc
graphcrs. It's all free adverting for
him.
Emperor William has juat, returned from
a hunting trip. The way these forcl-jn
potentates ape President Reesevelt is
something astonishing.
Why doesn't China get SacUvHIc-Wcst
or De Lome to represent her In this coun
try? Neither of thrm would be guilty of
Minister Wu's offense.
Mrs. Bradley Martin is going to wtar
a $1.000.0SO diamond tiara at the ceronu
ation. She evidently wants to make the
crown jewels look like rhlr.t stones.
The attitude of genius Is aptly de
scribed In a letter fr.n Joaquin Mlhe-,
an American poet, to Walt Whitman.
"You and I," he consolingly wrote, "rra
over the nead of the rabble. We stand f a
an eminence of our own making. .r 1
look down on the world. Ir a word, v J
know we are great, and if other ptopio
don't know it Is their own fault."
"I never tax my memory with thing3
unnecessarily," says one of the propri
etors of a department store. "A postal
card only costs a cent, and I alwr.;3
carry a lot of them around with me. 21?
end of the business calls me away fro.x
the store a great deal, and no nuutcr
where I may be riding on a street-car.
walking, or In one of the numerous
places of business which I frequent when
an Idea occurs to me that requires in
attention I jot down a memorandum of
it down on a, postal card, addreaa It ta
myself and drop it in the nearest letter
box. Some days I will send a dozen
postal cards to myself, and the next
morning they are on my desk awaiting
me. I hkve been doing thlg for 'two or
three years, and I think it is a prttty
good system."
"The wedding was an artistic success,"
wrote a correspondent for the Galveston
News. "The bride particularly evinced
unmistakable talent. She trembled with
all the technical accuracy of an asp n
leaf and the emotional Intensity of a
startled fawn. Her trembling, indeed,
was Irreproachable. If she cast down
her eyes with something of amateurish
gawklshneas, the fact is easily attributa
ble to her inexperience this being hir
first wedding rathor than to an essen
tially defective method. She was fairly
well supported. The bridegroom rose
from his knees tyo soon and had to bo
knocked down by the preacher, but other
wise the affair was au fait. Not a bottlo
was broken, slxshooter pulled, or deck of
cards taken from an overcoat pocket dur
ing the ceremony."
A New York newspaper tells a pathetic
story of a man In that city who has a.
very dark complexion. The unfortunate
man. It is said, is generally mistaken for
a negro, and the consequences of that
mistake are anything but pleasant. Ho
found that In the North, where tho
friends of the negro all live, it Is not
wholesome to be even suspected of being
a negro. "Real etate men." this un
fortunate person declared, "refused to
rent me houses until I explained to them
that I was, a white man. and even then
I have been refused in a ercat many In
stances. In a great many ways I am
subjected to the annoyances that usually
bother a negro who tries to mingle with
white people. About a year ago my neigh
bors taunted my wife about living with a
negro and she left me. I threw up my
postltlon here and started West, anl
when too late found that I could not se
cure the employment I desired, being
continually taken for a negro."
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGIIAIMIERS
Mr. Botts I think, my dear. I have at last
found the key to suce-m. Mrs. Botta Well,
Just as like as not jou'll not be aWe to find
the keyhole. Yonkers Statesman.
Must Be Lovely. "But none of the other
girls seem to admire my new dress." "Is that
so? Turn around. I didn't realise It was so
pretty as that." Philadelphia Evening Bul
letin. Bridegroom I don't see anything of your
father's 510.000 check. He promised Ir. didn't
he? Bride Yes; but he saw that year father
had already given us one, and. he knew wo
! ..... nreb , hnw av (,HoHcate urgent.-
I Tnilladelnhla. Record.
Too Early. Mrs. Hornblower There Is Gen
eral Ledenhall over there, one of oar most
distinguished soldiers. Mrs. Daley Cutter In
deed? What battle has he been In? Mrs.
Hornblower Oh, not any yet. He has only
Just been appointed Briaadter-General. Judgf.
Little Jeannette's mother found her one day
with her face covered with Jam from ear to
ear. "Oh, Jeannette," said her mother, "what
would you think If you caught me looking Ilka
that some day." "I should think you'd had a
awful good time, mamma," said Jeannette, Wt
face brightening. Tit-Bits..
Easy Indifference. "Whj' did we arrive lato
and leave before the opera was over?" a&ked
the youiget daughter. "It was very enjoy
able." "Of course. It was," answered Mrs.
Cumrox, "but. my dear, we had to show peo
ple that we didn't care whether we got our
money's worth or not." Washington Star.
Victory Has Its Drawbacks. "You are cer
tainly elected!" hte friends cried. "Yes." si I
the successful candidate, and he gritted V.--.
teeth hard. "What is the matter?" they de
manded, in surprise. "Do ea not feel sure
jour lctory?" "Yes, but I am alao sure t u-t
a band will come to serenade me." Philadel
phia Prees.
The Art Preservative. "The art of printing,
sir." exclaimed the Fervid Optimist, "la In Its
Infancy! My grandson, and possibly my son,
will one day have his Sunday nwsjpai --r
brought to him in 2S handy quarto volumes,
substantially bound, profueely illustrated. In a
pcflshed oak bookcase, all for 5 eents! Yes,
sir!" ruck.
Just Supposing. "Suppose now," said the
artist's wife, "that we had $1000 In the house,
and you heard a burglar crawling through th.3
"window what would you do?" "Oh. fudge,
darling," the artist replied, "why look on the
dark side of things? Let's suppose we had
$1000 In the house and stop right there."
Chicago Record-Herald.