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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 9, 1901)
Tj-;tvY'iaftj " ;t .-egT if- B THE MORNINO OREGONIAN, SATURDr, KOVEMBER 9, 1901. HHjuo-- he reomou Entered at the Postofflce at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mail (postage prepaid), In Advance Dally, with Sunday, per month ? S3 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year 7 0 Daily, with Sunday, per year JJ 00 Sunday, per year ..'...... - JO The Weekly, per year 1 w The Weekly, 3 months To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered, Sundays excoptd.lSc Bally, per week, delivered, Sundays induded.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: 10 to 14-page paper J 14 to SS-page paper -3 Foreign rates double. News or discussion intended for publication In JThe Oregonlan should be addressed invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the name of any individual. Letters "relating to adver tising, subscription or to any business matter should be addressed eimply "The Oregonlan." Eastern Business Office, 43, 44. 45, 47, 48, 49 Tribune building, New Tork City; 469 "The Rookery," Chicago; the 8. C. Beckwltb, special agency. Eastern representative. 2?"er sale In San Francisco by I E. Leo, Pal ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith " Bros., 230 Sutter street; F. W. Pitts. ,1008 Market street; J K. Cooper Co.. 740 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear, Terry news stand. ' j. For tale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner, 259 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, 100 So, Spring street. For sale in Chicago by the P. O. News Co., 217 Dearborn street. For sale in Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1C12 Famam street. For sale in Salt I-ake by the Salt Lake News Co,. 77 W. Scond South street. For sale in Ogden by W. a Kind, 204 Twenty-fifth street, and by C H. Myers. On file in the Oregon exhibit at the exposi tion, Charleston. S. C. For sale in Washington, D. a, by the Ebbett House news stand. For sale In Denver, Colo, by Hamilton & Kendrick. 006-913 Seventh street. TODAY'S WEATHER Rain, with southerly winds. TESTERDATS WEATHER Maximum tem- 'perature, 62; minimum temperature, 30; pre- clpltatlon, none. : FDTiTLAXIJ, SATURDAY, NOV. O. TO REGULATE IM3IIGRATIOJT. TVe floret many "undesirable" im migrants, -in these United States. Many ar Ignorant; many are beggars; many are helpless, through disease as well as through poverty; not a few are crim inals. Toward the close of the last ses sion, of Congress a, bill was offered which was designed to prevent or at least to put a check upon the Influx of persons unfit for our citizenship. The bill received a favorable report from the oomnaittee on immigration of the House of Representatives, but it failed to pass because of its Introduction so late in. the session. The bill, or one like It, is to be introduced at the open ing of the session, next month, by a member from New York, and Governor Odell, according to the Tribune, will ask the Governors of other states to request their Representatives to sup port it. The bill proposes that all per sons shall be excluded who, within a period of ten years, "have been con fined In an asylum for the insane, idiotic or epileptic, or were insane, Idiotic or epileptic previous to landing in the United States, or who, having been ad mitted, ehall within two years after arrival be found insane or idiotic or epi leptic, unless it shall appear that such condition Is due to causes- arising after arrival." The bill further provides that each alien shall have a Consular cer tificate showing that ho is entitled to enter under the provisions of this law. Pursuing this subject, the New Tork Tribune has made a careful compila tion from the report of the Commis sioner of Immigatlon atjjthe port of New Tork, with a view, specially, of bring ing out the facta as to the illiteracy of immigrants who have entered the coun try during the last two (fiscal) years. It is shown that the percentage of illit erates 13 much, higher than in former years, and the Commissioner explains It by pointing to the growing immigra tion from countries where the percent age of illiteracy is high. It la shown that the nation sending us the high est percentage of illiterates is Russia though Italy follows closely after. Of those coming from Russia, 50.75 per cent were illiterates; while 50.40 per cent of those from Southern Italy, whence one-third of all our immigrants of last year came, -were in the same class. The smallest percentage of illiterates Was from Scandinavian countries. Of these nationalities, only .64 per cent of the persons over school age (14 years) were unable to read and write. The percentage of illiteracy among those who came from England, Scotland and Wales was 1.63; from Bohemia, 1.29. From Ireland there came 19,953 persons, of -whomronly 567 were illiterates. Of the 34,237 Jews who arrived in this country last- year, 8309 could neither read nor write. But most of the Jews were from countries where the propor tion of general Illiteracy is large. In many quarters It is suggested that the bill to regulate the admission of immigrants shall also carry an educa tional qualification of some kind. It would seem not too much to require that persons over 12 years of age should be able to read and write the language of the country of their nativity. This indeed wouldn't be much, but it would be an addition of some Importance to the other restrictions proposed. , BACK TO VIRGINIA. Captain William H. H. Peck, late of Pasadena, CaL, has been appointed treasurer of the United States Soldiers' Home- at Hampton, Va. Captain Peck served In aNew England regiment of the Sixth Corps, and was severely wounded at the battle of Savage Station, June 29, 1862; he went Into action with a com pany fifty-nine strong and in twenty minutes lost forty-four men killed and wounded. His woundwas In the neck and so lacerated the nerves and muscles of the throat that for several years he has been obliged to live in Southern California. Writing to an old comrade in this city from Hampton, Va., where he has just assumed the duties of his new appointment, Captain Peck says: Strange isn't it that I come back hero to the Peninsula, which was the scene of so much experience -of war to you and me forty years ago. Hampton is revolutionized as to business and population compared with its condition when we saw it in April, 1S62. The vicissitudes of life are strange. When that young Lieutenant In 1862 marched through the Peninsula as an enemy's country and on Virginia soil was wounded nigh unto death, had any body predicted that he would survive his wound forty years and then be called back from the Pacific Slope to Virginia to accept service in a United States Soldiers' Home, which shelters the survivors of the Civil War, he would have answered that It was a wild prophecy. In that forty years slavery has become long ago extinct, ex-Confed-er&te Generals have been pallbearers to Grant and Sherman, one ex-Confederate General is on the Federal pension roll, and two are on the retired list of the 'United States Armyi The sons of Union and Confederate veterans have fought side by side and shed their blood together under the flag of the restored Union. At 20 years of age, in I80L that young New England officer never expected to see the Pacific Qoast, for there was no transcontinental railroad until 1869, but he has lived in California for nearly twenty years, and expected to die. there, and now this un expected call to service brings him back to Hampton, "Va., for the first time in forty years, so that he Is likely to find his grave in the state where he was so desperately wounded as a soldier. LATEST NICARAGUA DBVELOP- MEXT. By the terms of the convention of 1867 with Nicaragua, the treaty is to expire twelve months from the time When notice of intention to abrogate Is served by either of the contracting par ties upon the other. As President Ze layas denunciation, Issued Wednesday, names October 1 next as the date of expiry, we must suppose that notice has been given our State Department some time ago, although faint inklings of the action are all that have escaped to public notice. This treaty Is the only one we have with Nicaragua concern ing the Isthmian canal; so far as Nica ragua Is concerned, therefore, our treaty rights in the canal enterprise will per ish next October, unless some forward undertaking is meanwhile negotiated. The treaty in question was signed at Managua, June 21, 1867, by T. B. Dick inson, resident Minister, for the United States, and Tomas Ayon, Secretary of State, for Nicaragua. The chief if not the sole purpose of the convention was concerned with the canal. It contains a large amount of perfunctory agree ments concerning amity, commerce, "most-favored nations," discriminating duties, privileges of travel, Consuls, etc., but in articles XIV and XIX In clusive the canal subject is directly at tacked and fully covered. Article XIV grants us the right of transit, and equal privileges of using means of transit by land or water, natural or artificial, sav ing only a reservation on Nicaragua's part of the rights of sovereignty. Arti cle XV binds the United States to guar antee and maintain the canal's neutral ity, and binds Nicaragua to mainte nance of one free port at each end of the canal. We can let contracts for mails across the isthmus, but tolls shall be equal for Americans and Nlca raguans. The core of this treaty, as with the treaties with New Granada and Colom bia concerning the Panama Isthmus, has to do with the rights of the United States for protection and interference. Deference Is observed, both to the dig nity of Nicaragua and the potential needs of the United States. Ordinarily the employment by us of armed forces for protection of the canal and mainte nance of order must be preceded by re quest from Nicaragua, but "In the ex ceptional case, however, of unforeseen or imminent danger to the lives or prop erty of citizens of the United States," we are authorized "to act for their protection without such consent having been previously obtained." On the other hand, Congress must first enact laws for this specific purpose, and an obliga tion to' withdraw our troops will rest upon us so soon as Nicaragua judges their presence no longer necessary. ' We may, however, withdraw our guarantee and protection whenever we think the acts of the canal company are unfair and. n6 longer entitled to protection. On six months' notice, under article XVII, we should be justified In leaving the Isthmus to the mercy of offended Europe. Why this treaty has been denounced nobody seems to know. Nicaragua sends no explanation, and Minister Merry Is silent. One reason may be that the NIcaraguan Government wishes to hurry up negotiations for the canal. Quite as likely, however, the real cause will be found In some sinis ter proceeding of the canal's enemies, either In Europe or In the councils of American railroada There are more ways to skin the trans-lsthmlan cat than merely to buy a few mercenary Senators. GOOD ROADS. It costs more to move a bushel of wheat or a ton of hay ten miles over the average country roads of the Union than to transport the same burden 500 miles by railway or 2000 miles by steam ship. In the early days of the Repub lic the plan of a system of great Na tional highways constructed by the di rect authority of Congress received much attention, and several roads were built by the Federal Government. But the development of the great systems of canals and railways halted the policy of road construction by Federal direc tion more than half a century ago. This fact explains why the old coun tries of Europe have excellent roads compared with those found in America. The advent of steam transportation by land and water found all Europe al ready furnished with excellent high ways. The Romans made splendid roads, because as a military people good roads were their only solution of the problem of quick transportation. Trade followed the flag in the days of the Roman Empire, and good roads were necessary to interstate commerce between its various provinces. For more than 500 years before the applica tion of steam to water and land trans portation France, Spain, Germany and Austria had been obliged to maintain military roads as necessary to the quick assemblage of armies for foreign or do mestic war, and Gret Britain, for pur poses of trade and travel, was obliged to build and maintain good roads. The advent of steam transportation found Great Britain. France and Germany already in possession of an excellent system of roads, which could be main tained In good condition at a small an nual expense for repair, so that steam transportation did not rob Europe of Its admirable highways; It only supple mented them by steam transportation. But the advent of steam transporta tion caught our young country without any completed system of splendid Na tional highways, like those of Europe. If we had had good, well-built roads as early as 1830, we should have them today; but just when we began to pro ject a system of fine National high ways the advent of steam transporta tion persuaded us to abandon our con struction of excellent public highways and trust to the multiplication of steam transportatipn by land and water for the carriage of travel and freight. Of recent rears several states have framed laws for the gradual construc tion of good roads through a system of state aid and supervision, and since 1893 Congress has voted an appropria tion of money to be expended under the direction of the Department of Agri culture in the dissemination of sclen- tlfic information on the subject of road construction. For this purpose 314,000 was voted In 1900, and for the present year $20,000 will be expended. It Is not expected that Congress will appropriate money for the building of any great through highway or system of highways. It will leave that part of the work to the states and counties more immediately concerned. The func tion of the Federal Government will be to, educate the people through special agents who are trained road-builders. This the Federal Government now does through a division of the Department of Agriculture known as the Office pf Public Road Inquiries, in charge of a director and a number of road experts designated as special agents, who exam lne the road-building materials of the various sections of the country and re port to the Government the natural con ditions and road-making resources therein. Object-lesson roads, each a mile or more In length, have been built by the Government director In Michi gan, at Port Huron, Saginaw, Traverse City; at Springfield, 111., and at Topeka, Kan. In conjunction with the National Association of Good Roads thePFederal Government has helped build object lesson roads In Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee and Kentucky. About twenty miles of roads were built, and fifteen large conventions held, between New Orleans and Chicago. POPULAR SUFFRAGE. Ex-Mayor Hewitt, of New York City, in a recently t published letter, declares that he does not think that universal suffrage is the best form of govern ment for large aggregations of men. He holds that municipal government 13 a matter of business, and not of general politics; that Ignorance should be ex cluded from control, and that the city business should be carried on by trained experts selected upon some other principle than popular suffrage. Mr. Hewitt professes to limit his objec tion to popular suffrage to the govern ment of great cities. On the other hand, Mayor-elect Low avows his belief In universal suffrage as the first principle of popular gov ernment, whether- In city, state or na tion. The view of Mr. Hewitt repre sents the growth of pessimism concern ing the success of democratic institu tions among wealthy and cultivated people In our great cities. The recent victorious uprising against Tammary would seem to Justify Mr. Low's faith In the democratic experiment, even in New York City. Mr. Low welcomes his election as triumphantly vindicating his lifelong faith In popular suffrage and .the honesf Instincts of the masses of the people. The attitude of Mr. Low la more logical and consistent than that of Mr. Hewitt. You cannot leglcally deprive the people of the privilege of electing their chief municipal rulers by ballot while conceding the principle of popular government in the affairs of the Nation. Municipal government should be con ducted without reference to National politics, but under our theory of self government In America, which began In the town meeting, you cannot 'remove municipal government from popular control without making a beginning of the end of democratic government. If popular suffrage is really a hopeless failure In the great cities of America, it is near Its death In the Nation, too. The wealthy and cultured classes have always been pessimistic concerning popular government. The Tories df the Revolution were, as a rule, composed of the well-to-do, educated, respectable people, so-called. Free institutions have always been established by the bayo nets and chiefly supported by the bal lots of the plain people. JER03IE AND PLAIT. Justice Jerome's savage attack upon "Boss" Piatt did not prevent his elec tion. Perhaps It helped it, for a good many voters knew that Jerome's indict ment of Piatt was absolutely just, so far as his Influence In the past Is con cerned. While Jerome retracted his statement subsequently, so far as the particular charge that Piatt had con spired with Whitney to beat the fusion ticket Is concerned, nevertheless he was particular to say that he took nothing back in general as to Piatt's past career as the leader of the Republican Tam many contingent. Piatt doubtless supported the fusion ticket this year; he dared not do other wise. Rufus F. Andrews, who was the leader of the Republican Tammany contingent in the days of the Tweed "ring," dared not play traitor to his party when the great uprising against Tweed came In October, 1871, hut everybody knew that he was nothing but a' Republican rat leaving the sink ing Tammany ship. Jerome's indict ment of Piatt as standing always for immoral commercialism In politics and as the undoubted political agent of the great corporations of New York in their corrupt dealings, is true in gen eral as to his past, even If It be In correct as to present particulars. Among other things, Jerome eald: Now I have sot no use and never had any use for Thomas C. Piatt, any more than I have for Richard Croker. They havo lifted this campaign by their corrupt methods into a campaign of tho paople against those who have dono more to debauch the great public life of America than any two men that ever lived. This statement Jerome did not take back. Mark Twain called Mr. Shepard "the good end of a rotten banana," and Jerome evidently thinks that Piatt Is "the rotten end of -a good banana." New England agriculture is adapting itself more and more every year to the changed conditions brought about by .cheap transportation and the opening of the Western country. The census oS 1900 shows that In Connecticut during the last decade there has been a note worthy diversion of agricultural effort from cereals to fruit, vegetables and tobacco, which is the most valuable cash crop raised in the state. Between 1889 and 1899 the tobacco acreage increased from 6331 to 10,120. The value of vege table products and small fruits .haa In creased within the same period from $371,207 to $2,981,653. The number of peach treeshas Increased from 88,655 In 1890 to 522,726 In 1900;, of plum, trees, from 4098 to 53,353; of pear trees, from 55,141 to 79,243. Acre3 formerly devoted to hay and cereals, In which Western competition Is most felt, are now de voted to fruit and market gardening, and the downward progress of farm and product values has been arrested. Dairying Is still the chief farm employ ment In Connecticut, and the produc tion of milk is much larger than in 1890. Sheepralslng continues to decline, and so of swine; but horses and neat cattle other than cows are more numerous. Landlordism, says the Springfield Re publican, "is not an expanding factor In Connecticut agriculture, and ab sentee landlordism is still less so." This Is an interesting fact, but the number of "absentee landlords" would proba- bly be, increased in New England if ex- Governor smltn, ol Vermont, couia se cure the enactment of his stupid pro posal to colonize rich New Yorkers In New England by granting them-special immunities In the matter of taxa tion. ' The New York Sun explains the facts that the world's wool clip Increased 150 per cent between 1875 and 1898, and that, the price of wdol haa declined. In all markets since 1860, as the natural result of the very great expansion of wool growing, due to the opening of the vast pasturage of Australasia, Argentina, South Africa and of our own free graz ing lands on the Western plains. The world has raised more wool than It has needed. Continental Europe is growing, therefore, much less wool than It did ten years ago, Germany produces only about four-fifths of its former crop, and the home supply Is largely reduced in France. Australasia produces five eighths as much wool as all Europe, but drouths render sheepralslng pre carious In its largest field. In the five years ending in 1898 the herds in Aus tralasia were reduced from 108,940,000 to 83.S22.000. The decrease in the output of wool Is due something to the com petition between wool and cotton. In Scotland, cotton consumption is grow ing and wool consumption declining, and there is also an increased admix ture of cotton In some kinds of woolen fabrics. There la. also a world-wide tendency to raise more sheep for mut ton and fewer for wool. Even In Spain the famous merino sheep has now been largely replaced by mutton breeds yielding coarser fleeces. Nearly 3,000,000 frozen sheep were shipped last season from Argentina, where formerly sheep were raised solely .for wool and skins. About 500,000 Hye sheep were trans ported last year from Argentina to Eu rope. Australia leads the world today In the refrigerated mutton trade, export ing last year nearly 4,000,000 animals. While the price of wool Is smaller than formerly, the market for mutton has been extended by refrigeration around the world. The New York Evening Post holds that the day of currency legislation Is not over. Not only Is there no near prospect of the redemption, retirement I and cancellation of the greenbacks, but today Republicans who believe in the gold standard oppose for mere political reasons the enactment of a law direct ing the Secretary of the Treasury to exchange gold for legal-tender silver dollars when presented to the Treasury In sums of $5 or any multiple thereof. The sole purpose of this proposed leg islation is to make It certain our $576, 000,000 of sliver dollars and silver cer tificates shall always be worth 100 cents each. The existing law requires the Secretary of the Treasury to keep them at parity with gold, but does not pro vide him any means of doing so. The Post points out that what keeps the silver dollars at par with gold is the back-door redemption of them, which takes place at all places where the Government receipts come In. They will remain at par "so long as the amount In circulation Is no more than enough to pay for duties, taxes, postage stamps, etc., but If the amount of silver cur rency should be ever greater than the business of the country would absorb In retail trade or the Treasury could absorh in receipts for taxes, there would be another panic and crisis." Dr. J. M. Buckley's article In the Cen tury setting forth that after an Inter view with Gulteau he classed him as among "the responsible insane," recalls the fact that Dr.McBrlde, who was then superintendent of the Wisconsin State Hospital for the Insane, also examined Guiteau and came to the conclusion that Guiteau was insane; that his brain would be found diseased at the au topsy. The autopsy revealed a lesion in the brain, which was In a badly dis eased condition. Dr. Buckley's theory that Guiteau's cry, "I'm God's man," was an Invention after the crime, is a mistake, for (after the execution of Guiteau the New York Herald pub lished a number of his private letters, written In 1866, fifteen years before he shot Garfield, and in these letters Guiteau constantly uses In his rant the refrain, "I'm God's man; I'jn God's man," and on the scaffold he shouted exultantly and sang a;wretched dog gerel whose refrain was, "I'm going to the Lordy." Guiteau was an Insane man whom his stupid relatives from false pride had- permitted to run at large after he had repeatedly shown signs of homicidal insanity. His mother was insane and his father a crank so violent in language and action as to indicate a disordered mind. John D. Henderson, In his volume en titled "American Diplomatic Questions," proposes that we should renounce the Monroe Doctrine, on the ground that It has outlived Its usefulness; that It is no longer Indispensable for our National defense, as It was at the date of its enunciation, In 1823. He argues that the American people are no longer weak, and that absolutism In Europe has almost disappeared. He thinks that one day we may have to choose between renunciation of tKeN Monroe Doctrine and the abandonment of the Philippines. Mr. Henderson does not believe that the abandonmen.t of the Monroe Doctrine as obsolete would de prive the American people of self-protection, but holds that it would "leave our judgment free -to measure danger by the exigencies of the present, and not by the remembrance of the past." It may be hoped that the makers of the new charter for Portland will not make provision for salaries for mem bers of the Common Council. The ex perience of the city has been that a better quality of men can be had in the Common Council without salaries than with them. A small salary Is an attraction for small men. Hon. Frank L. Osborne, whom Presi dent Roosevelt recently made Judge of the United States Court of Private Land Claims Is the third Southern Democrat he has appointed to office. Judge Osborne has been Attorney-General of North Carolina, and Is account ed a lawyer of ability. The result In Maryland Is no better for Gorman than is the news from Ne - braska, Bryan la out of the way of his Presidential ambition. It Is hardly surprising that a yellow journal should be guilty of contempt when it has been the subject of it for so long. The funerals of a few footpads would be very fitting as a Thanksgiving day celebration. Winter Is treading rudely on the heels of Autumn. THE- NEW MAYOR. San Francisco Call, Nov. 6. At' his comfortable and attractive home on Fillmore street, near Green, Eugene Hi. Schmltz last night outlined the policy ot his administration. A survey of the re turns at hand had convinced him of his erection to the office of Mayor, and he spoke frankly of his plans for the man agement of municipal affairs. Ho desired to remind the people of San Francisco through the columns of the Call that he did not entertain radical or revolution ary sentiments and that he would be guided by a purpose to give the city an extremely conservative administration. He remarked: "I believe that one result of my elec tion will be the establishment of more -friendly relations between the employers and employes, and I -will endeavor to bring about a feeling of harmony in this line, believing that it will conduce to the welfare of San Francisco. I shall give fair consideration to invested capital. I said to the convention of the Union Labor party before I was nominated: 'I am con servative in my ideas and am not in la vor of a radical revolutionary policy, my motto being equal rights for all men, spe cial privileges to none. I am In favor of peaceful measures at all hazards between employers and employes, and deplore all resort to violence in the settlement of any differences.' "I spoke to the committee frankly be fore the delegates gave me the nomina tion, and now, after my election, I assure the people of the -city that it will be my aim In office to do everything in my power to honor San Francisco and promote the prosperity of the city. "As San Francisco Is my birthplace, and as my father came here in 1819 and actively devoted himself to the building up of the city, it will surely be my desire to make a most creditable administra tion. All classes and all elements will have Just and fair representation In the commissions to be appointed by the Mayor. I will consult the best Interests of tho city In making changes, and will fully respect the non-partisan spirit of the charter. "The Union Labor party did not exact a pledge of me. All that the delegates asked of me was fairness and equal rights. I have made no pledges, and therefore am in position to exercise my own judgment in the'lmportant duty of appointments to the various commissions. Since you ask the direct question, I will answer frankly that I will make some changes, but will exercise great care in the selection of men." When requested, to give his opinion as to the chlef felgnlflcance Gf his election, Mr. Schmltz said: "While my election is a victory for the Union Labor party, ft Is also a great vic tory for independent anti-boss Repub licans. I am a Republican, and If parties swing back to their natural position I will be found in the Republican camp. I regard my election as a just and over whelming rebuke to bosslsm. The Re publican candidate derived hIsiomination from a convention dictated to and con trolled by Herrin and other bosses. The Democratic candidate was nominated by a convention representing Phelan and Mc Nab. Independent Republicans and Dem ocrats, as a protest against boss manipu lation, cast their votes for me. Undoubt edly my election Is a rebuke to the bosses. "The independent better class of Repub- , licans, I am glad to say, voted for me, as indicated by the vote I received In the strongest Republican districts. I am proud of the support I received from the In dependent Republicans, and equally proud of the splendid support given to me by the free and untrammeled Democrats of the city. I shall recognize the Union La bor party, Republicans and Democrats, in the appointment of men to fill places on the several boards. Yet I am not bound by any pledges, and shall Tecognlze In the fullest degree the non-partisan require ments of the charter. Above all things, I desire the people to understand that 1 shall not attempt to Inaugurate a class administration. "Although I have been attacked severe ly and unjustly, I bear no malice toward my detractors. I have no political or per sonal enemies to punish." The Mayor-elect sa.ld last evening that he would leave the city in a few days for two weeks' quiet sojourn in the country. He prefers not to take the public Into his confidence regarding the place of resort he has In mind., He feels that he is en titled to a rest and intends to take it on the quiet. Joseph S. Tobln said in an interview last evening, when he was Informed that Mr. Schmltz was elected Mayor: "As Americans we must all submit to the good judgment of the people. The is sue has been presented and we all hope that the result will be Increased prosperity to our city. To my successful rival, Mr. Schmltz, I desire to extend my congrat ulations. I hope that his administration may prove a success. All my efforts, how ever Insignificant, will be directed to that end. I trust that with the co-operation of all good citizens the successful candi date will bring much honor and prosper ity to San Francisco." Bnrylng: the Hatchet. San Francisco Bulletin. Mr. Schmltz promises to give the city a conservative administration and to be fair to all classes. Such words from the Mayor-elect are very encouraging, and tend to cheer that divided majority of the electors who did not vote for Mr. Schmltz and who feared that his election would renew the industrial strife, now happily quiescent, and stir up that popular tur moil which was lately so hard on all classes and so disastrous to the city. The inclination of Mr. Schmltz is toward peace, and peace the people desire and the city needs. The task of the laboring men did not cease when they elected Mr. Schmltz. It Is their duty now to stand by him during the two years ahead and to back him in the ambition to make his administration an honor to himself and a credit to the worklngmen and the others who made him Mayor. The Mayor-elect is a young man and unexperienced In gov ernment, but necessity will teach him all he must know. After all, common sense and a desire to do right will tide a man safely through most situations, and there is no. reason in himself why Mr. Schmltz should not turn out to be a good Mayor. Henry W. Corbett. Pendleton Tribune. If every man in Portland shows his pub lic spirit in proportion to his wealth as well as Hon. H. W. Corbett has done, the Lewis and Clark Centennial will be a great success. Few Oregon citizens are more generous to public enterprise than Senator Corbett. During his long life in the state he has never tailed to re spond liberally with effort and money to any cause that would bring good to Oregon. His example is worthy of emula tion and his recent contribution should give an Impetus to the movement to raise funds for the exposition in 1903 that would know no defeat. Portland Dispatch. Senator Corbett starts the Centennial subscription list with $30,000. It Is char acteristic of the man when the interests of the city and state are at stake. The Buffalo 'Exposition. New York World. It remains to Buffalo's credit that her exposition was really a more magnificent f and marvelous demonstrat on of human progreS than any of these, Its more finan cially successful forerunners. Perhaps its magnitude and the wonderful character of its electrical display, the like of which was never seen before, had something to do with its failure as a money-maker. No previous exposition occupied so vast a space nor included the exhibits of so many nations of both hemispheres. It will be historically remembered as an epoch-marking event the amazing revelation made in the first year of the new century of the enormous extent and almost Infinite adapt ability' of efectrical power. Buffalo,, in spite of the disappointing balance sheet, has reason to feel proud. THE OREGONIAN'S HANDBOOK. ' A Renl Worlc of Art. Portland Catholic Sentinel. The Handbook of Oregon Issued by The Oregonlan is a valuable advertisement for this state, and should be widely circulated by our people among their Eastern friends. It is brim full of reliable facts and carefully-prepared statistics showing the various and manlfoldresources of Oregon, and should accomplish the work of adver tising the state, which "is so necessary In view of the meager information possessed by people in the Eastern States of the many advantages offered to settlers in Oregon. It is a real work of art in xe gard to ItSjmake-up, and will prove highly interesting at this particular time, wnen Oregon's success at the Buffalo Exposi tion is being heralded broadcast. It re flects great credit on the enterprise of The Oregonlan and should have an unusually large sale. ' Great Historical Significance. San Francisco Call. Tho Oregonlan Publishing Company has just published a very interesting and val uable pamphlet apropos of the Centennial Exposition of Oregon to take place In 1S06 an exposition that is to be commemora tive of the Lewis and Clark expedition to Oregon, an event of the greatest historic significance. This handbook is unique In the way of illustration and matter. It has been made attractive. not only in ap pearance, but will be found exceedingly useful for reference as a booklet descrip tive of Portland, a lending deep water shipping port of the Pacific Coast, and also of the country immediately tributary to that city. Covers Every Important Topic. Los Angeles Times. In preparation for thecoming centennial celebration 'of the Lewis and Clark expe dition, The Portland Oregonlan has pub lished a valuable little handbook on the history and present industries of the state. The book is of convenient pocket size, In beautiful type, on fine book paper and very artistically Illustrated with many halftones. It is full of practical in formation likely to be of use to visitors to the celebration and to the public gen erally. Every important topic of state development, from climate and irrigation to mines, sheepralslng, gralngrowlng and the fisheries, finds a place between its covers. Of Value' for Reference. New Bedford Standard. The Morning Oregonlan, of Portland, Or., publishes a little handbook about that city and the vast tributary country, of which that city Id the principal finan cial and distributing center. The book Is well Illustrated and besides being or Interest to the general reader, contains much tnat is of value for reference. The publication of the handbook Is made com memorative of the Lewis and Clark ex pedition to Oregon In 1805, an event of great historical significance. The arti cles bearing on thi3 conquest of an em pire are of special interest. Bound to Prove Valuable. Honolulu Advertiser. In commemoration of the Lewis and Clark expedition, which took place in 1SJ6, The Oregonlan Publishing Company has issued a most attractive handbook of Portland and the Northwest. Portlanu proposes to hold a great centennial exhi bition in 1905, and this book is a forerun ner of that event. It is replete with facts and figures and well Illustrated, and Is bound to prove valuable to anyone in terested in the Northwest and lte prod ucts. Railroads and Good Wagon Roads. Chicago Railway Age. The Iowa railroads have been a'sked by the Railroad Commission of that state for low rates on crushed stone and gravel to be used in constructing and Improving the country roads in Iowa. This Is a re quest that should "receive the utmost at tention from the railroads. No more Im portant subject is likely to present itself for their consideration. Tho improvement of the roads means the distribution of tonnage haul throughout the year instead of its congestion into the periods when the wagon roads are in passable condi tion. It may be doubted if the railroads would not find it a good Investment to haul without charge such stone and gravel as might be needed to surface the chief roads leading to the towns on their lines for a distance of 5 to 10 miles. It Is, of course, not expected that they will be called on for any such service, but the benefits of such an Improvement to the railroads can hardly bo overestimated. The material should be made available for transportation at such times as would be convenient for the railroads to haul it, and it is probable that undor such conditions an extremely low rate will be made. The Importance of this work is recognized by many railroads, and in some Instances "good-roads trains" have been sent out for the purpose of illustrat ing how roads can -be built to the best ad vantage. It would be well If every rail road would Inaugurate a campaign of this character, and by benefiting the commu nities through which they run reap a large reward as their share of the improved conditions. Pessimism, Agnosticism. Westminster Review. The chief difference between pessimism and agnosticism 13 this: A pessimist may believe in a creed, but an agnostic has to live. without the aid of any religious sys tem or ism. A man can be a pessimist and a Christian; he cannot be an agnos tic and take comfort in any ism or re ligion. The moment he "believes" he ceases to be an agnostic. The danger lies In becoming fanatical with conviction, and an incurable cynic with skepticism. It is a fact that an avowed skeptic is never welcome in any company of people. The reason Is obvious. He can sympathize with no one's sentiments. A period of agnosticism gives some minds time to think, look about and choose; but If the period be prolonged, a sort of psycholog ical atrophy begins to develop, which often ends in a state of chronic apathy, out of which no psychic incident or influ ence can rouse them. The Choir Invisible. George Eliot. O may 1 Join the choir Invisible Of those Immortal dead who live again tn minds made better by their presence; live In pulses strrred to generosity. In deeds of daring rectitude, in scorn Of miserable alms that end with self. In thoughts lubllmo that pleree the night like stars, And with their mild persistence urgo man's search To vaster Issues. So to live is heaven: To make undying music in the world. Breathing as beauteous order that controls With growing Bway the growing life of man. So we Inherit that sweet purity . For which we struggled, failed anil agonized With widening retrospect that bred despair. Rebellious flesh that would not be subdued. A vicious parent shaming still Its child, Poor, anxious penitence is quick dissolved; Its discords, quenched by meeting harmonies, Die in the large and charitable a:r; And all our rarer, better, truer self. That bobbed religiously in yearning song. That watched to case the burden of the world. Laboriously tracing what must be, And what may yet bo better saw within A worthier Image for the sanctuary Arid shaped it forth before the multitude. Divinely human, raising worship so To higher reverence more mixed with love That better self shall live till human Time Shall fold its eyelids, and the human sky Be gathered like a scroll within tne tomb Unread forever. This is life to come. Which martyred men have made more glorious For us who strive to follow. May I reach That purest heaven, be to other souls The. cup of strength In some great agony. Enkindle generous ardor, fed pure love, Beget the smiles that hae no cruelty. Be the sweet presence of a, good diffused, And In diffusion ever more Intense! So shall I Join 'the choir invisible, Whose music is the gladness of the world. NOJE AND COMMENT The Sultan's motto, "Never give up tho cash.'' The prospective cracker war will, of course, bo carried Into Georgia. Fortunately, the court of inquiry has not yet been put Into a historical novel. Has any one seen anything of Edgar Stanton Maclay in the last few days? The open season for killing Boers is still on, but game seems to be unusually scarce. The graveyard of British Generals' repu tations is becoming very thickly popu lated. Sometimes a man is more willing to stand for an office than the office is to stand for him. After examining the question from every side, the Turkey can't exactly tell where Thanksgiving comes In. Kansas is again to tho front, this time with a wholesale jallbreak. Trust Kan sas to keep its name in print. Beef threatens again to get as high as some of the Eagan variety which was sup plied to the soldiers in Cuba. Perpetual motion may not be possible, but the movement ot British troops to South Africa closely resombles It. Now LI Hung Chang is dead, there will be nothing to send from i-hlna but the dally reports of the demise ot the Em press Dowager. The meteoric shower which has been predicted for several years is again due this month. When it comes to predicting showers, however, astronomers fall Into the error that has made weather forecast ers such excellent prey for parngraphers. A bronze statue of General Albert Pike was recently erected at Washington, D. C. He wa3 a thirty-third degree Mason, and for many years grand commander of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish f Kite ior tne aoutnern junsaicuon. laenu- fied with Arkansas for 60 years before his death, at a great age, 10 years ago, he was nevertheless a native of Boston, and a student, though not a graduate, of Harvard College. He was a soldier in the Mexican War, a Brigadier-General In the Confederate Army, a lawyer and a poet of no slight merit. His distinction as a Mason was high, and he had written some 25 volumes of history and ritual. General Pike was the author, among other fine verses, of "The Old Canoe." Last Winter Mme. PattI was staying for a few days in an Isolated village at the extreme end of Yorkshire. To kill the monotony of the place, the prima donna went one night to a concert given in aid of a certain village Institution. Not halt of the performers turned up. Appreciat ing the difficulty, Mme. Pattl incognito, of courses-offered to obhge the audience with a song or two. Then she sang, In her own glorious way, three of her sweetest ballads. At the close the chairman ap proached and in solemn tone thanked her. "Well, miss,' he said, "you've done un common well. And although 'Any Ock. the Juggler, who thinks nowt of takln' 'old of 'ot pokers and a-swallerin needles, couldn't turn. up, yet you've pleased us very considerable, miss." "We've had first-rate luck with servants lately," said the man; "two good girls out of ten. The funniest thing happened a few weeks ago, when I tried to get a cook while my wife was away. Now, my wife has a doubtless unreasonable but deep-rooted objection to Scandinavians. Her last words to me wore: 'Whatever else you do, don't get a Scandinavian. I won't have a Scandinavian servant in my house.' With this prejudice in my mind I went to the intelligence office and picked out a negress. Recommendations were all right. Character and capability unques tioned. I engaged her on the spot. Next day she came, and I began telling her a few things Just to get her hand in before my wife should return. But at my first words, 'Me no understand,' said the ne gress, with an accent entirely unfamiliar to me. 'You don't speak English?' I asked. The negress shook her head. Well, what do you speak?' I went on. What are you, anyway French?' Again she shook her head. 'German? Italian? Spanish?' To each of these interrogations she shook her head. 'I spik Danish,' she finally got out; 'I from St. Thomas Dan ish West Indies.' I had secured a Scandi navian darky. PLEASANTRIES OF PAHAGHAPHERS An Inquiry. Uncle Hiram I see the editor of the Banner has- a long artlele on the bu Donlc plague Uncle Silas That so? Is he lor or ag"ln it? Puek. Employer And how long were you In your last place, my good roan? Jeames (Just out of Portland) Ten years, sir, and I never had a single evening out. Glasgow Evening Times. Saving Time. Re (at a swell restaurant) You may have anything on the blll-of-fare. dearest. Snail I read It to you? She No. darling. Just read It to the waiter. Chicago News. Judson Carle, sometimes I think you are a ninny. Mrs. Judson What, after living with you so many years7 It can't be possible; I admit I might have been when I married yon. Boston Transcript. Great Scott! Borus-Naggus, I'm getting out a little pamphlet descriptive of the game of skat. Give me a good name for It, will you? Naggus Well, call It "A Skit on Skat, by a Skate." Chicago Tribune. Advertising. Novelist (desperately) Unless my book succeeds at once, I shall starve to death! Publisher (cordially) My dear sir, I commend your resolution. Nothing you could do would better advertise your work, I think. Life. Ruin Ahead. Mamma No, dear, you can't go out this weather. Now. If you'll only prom ise not to hsk me to let you play outdoors, I'll get you any toy you want. Tommy All right, ma, get me a bow and arrow. Philadelphia Press. Wherein It Failed. "Why didn't the tenor sing tonight? He has such a sympathetic voice." "Well, the reason he didn't sing was that his voice wasn't sympathetic enough to touch the manager for a week's salary over due "Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. Not of the Upper Ten. Mrs. Nexdoor I have found out one thing about that Mrs. New comer. Whoever she la. she has never moved In good society. Mr. Nexdoor How do you know that? Mrs. Nexdoor She shakes hands as If she meant It. New York Weekly. Modern Romnnce. (Henry M. Blossom. In The Smart Set.) Information, speculation, fluctuation, rulna. tton. Dissipation, degradation: reformation or starv ation. Applteatton, situation; occupation, restoration. Concentration, enervation, nerve-prostration. A vacation. Destination, country station. Nice location, recreation. Exploration, observation; fascination a flirta tion. Trepidation, hesitation, conversation, simula tion: Invltatloi., acclamation, sequestration, cold libation. Stimulation, animation; inspiration, new pota tion. Demonstration, agitation, circulation, exclama tion! Declaration, acceptation, osculation, sweet sensation. Exultation, preparation, combination, new relation.