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THE MORNING OEEGONTAN, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 17, 1901.
Entered nt the Postofflce at Portland, Oregon,
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TODAY'S WEATHER Increasing cloudiness
and probably showers; cooler; southerly w lnds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
pcratui, 70; minimum temperature, 40; pre
cipitation, none.
PORTLAND, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 17
PROGRESS AXD REFORM.
The Rational Bankers' Association
meets at an opportune time for calling
the country's attention to our strong
Unanclal condition and to the needs of
the currency at the hands of Congress.
The association now represents an ag
gregate capital of some $8,000,000,000,
and its membership has grown from
4391 a year ago to 5504 now. "Within
this time or a little more, 486 banks
have been organized under the amend
ed hank act of 1900, Tvlth capital less
than ?50,000 each, carrying a combined
capital of $12,747,000 -while 229 hanks
have been organized with ?50,000 or
more capital, carrying a total capital of
523,835,000. This multiplication of bank
ing facilities has been accompanied by
great Increase in volume of the cur
rency and in hank clearings.
It la worth noting that In this pros
perity the "West has been particularly
fortunate. Of the new -banks, for ex
ample, Texas leads with 90 banks, Iowa
comes next with 53, Ohio 52, Illinois 40,
Minnesota 2S, Indiana 25, Kansas 21,
Nebraska 20. The latest available ex
hibit of the condition of the National
banks shows marked advance. In loans
Chicago shows an increase of, $17,Q00,
000 from April 24 to July 15; St. Louis
in the same time increased this item
from 64,519,732 to $71,132,170, and Kan
sas City from $30,857,203 to $34,882,090.
Other "Western cities increased, and the
State of Texas showed a growth of
nearly $8,000,000 in this period. In Chi
cago the individual deposits on April
24 amounted to $116,189,529, while on
July 15 they were $127,769,072. In St
Louis there was an increase of $2,000,000
in deposits during the same period, in
Detroit $1,000,000, and in Cincinnati
about $3,000,000.
A most impressive showing is afford
ed by the rise in individual deposits,
thus:
Sept. 7, Sept 5, July 15.
1899. 1900 1901.
Chicago ....$101,564,876 $102,942,776 $127,769,072
Cincinnati.. 27,445 618 27,141,271 33,357,741
St. Louis.... S7.8S8.3H 20.S10.8C5 40.S69.963
Milwaukee.. 24.3S2.21G 24,272,048 26,929,812
Minneapolis. 1L639.221 10,507,430 10,827.929
St. Paul 12,820,912 12,673,315 13,827.833
Kansas JIry 17,363,400 19,402,265 23,890.577
San Fr'n'sco 17.U4.460 16,127,776 17.S97.5S0
The bankers, however, do not stop at
felicitation, but address themselves to
tasks of reform. Imperative in this
line is the renewal of some 1700 bank
charters which expire next year, but
whose renewal was vainly asked of the
Fifty-sixth Congress. Out of the 4064
banks operating under the National
banking law, there are 1738 National
banks whose charters will expire on
various dates after July 12, 1902, and
whose corporate existence cannot be
extended without further action by
Congress. The -original act, passed in
1863, provided that the charters of Na
tional banks should extend over a
period of twenty years, and on July
12, 1882, an amendment Was passed au
thorizing the Controller of the Currency
to extend the charters for another
period of twenty years. Mr. Dawes
held that the amendment passed in
1882 did not give him authority to re
extend the charters of those banks ex
piring after 1902, and that new legisla
tion is necessary to reach them.
Further banking reforms must pro
ceed with deliberation, and are reason
ably certain to do so, if for no other
reason than the difference of opinion
as to the best measures, entertained
by the bankers themselves. As to the
gold standard, as to refunding the
bonds, as to more liberal terms under
the National system, as to Impounding
the greenbacks, as to protecting the
reserve, it has been reasonably clear
sailing, and these things have been
done. Steps toward asset currency and
abolition of the Subtreasury system
will be taken, if at all, tentatively.
Such reforms as we have undertaken
justify hope In salutary results from
further efforts in the way of scientific
banking.
DIVORCE,.
Divorce may be a good thing or a
bad, a step downward or a step up
ward, a door opening into licentious
sin or an escape into happy nd useful
life. There Is a good deal of effrontery
in the reckless way some thoughtless
ones assume that "God has Joined to
gether" the victims of a foolish mar
riage. The author of such wicked af
fairs has oftener been some scheming
or indifferent parent, selling a daugh
ter's soul for fhoney or a name, or
throwing a son away with thanks that
he is off the mind.
We -all make mistakes, and the thing
to do with mistakes is to rectify them
if possible. Nov, a bad marriage is
one of the hardest mistakes in the
world to rectify. If there are children,
the separation opens up to them a
tainted future. If there are no children,
there is an inevitable blot npon the
reputation of the innocent as well as
guilty. It is a grave step, to be taken
only when other expedients have failed,
and when the good to be obtained
through it is clearly greater than the
harm. The mistake about divorce is in
treating It as something mysteriously
and religiously apart from other prob
lems of life In which considerations
must be sanely weighed, and a decis
ion reached from expediency. Many a
woman has been released from a living
death to find a higher life in a new and
better union, and many a worthless
wretch has been cast off into the mire
he covets, free at last from the wife
and children he has disgraced and
whose companionship he has forfeited.
A wealth of sentiment is wasted on
the "divorce evil."m Some fondly Imag
ine that the rakes of both sexes who
form a continuous procession through
the divorce courts can be made over
Into exemplary citizens by the mere
destruction of divorce. It is a chimeri
cal doctrine. The divorce court only
clothes with a pitiful semblance of re
spectability a species of union that
would otherwise flourish shamelessly
as flagrant and open adultery.
STREET-CAR ETIQUETTE.
As a general rule, he who Is looking
forrouble will find it. Enter a dining
room In hotel or Pullman with a cross
face and eye the waiter with distrust
and disapproval, and your fare will be
very unsatisfactory compared with that
served to your neighbor who scatters
smiles and cheery words about him
with abandon and talks to the waiter
as if he regarded him the personifica
tion of all cleverness and grace. These
reflections are pertinent to the letter
of a sunny-tempered woman which we
print elsewhere on this page.
"A Satisfied Old Woman," we take it,
does not approach the steps of a crowd
ed street-car with an expression which
says too plainly for words that she rec
ognizes in every man and boy an im
placable enemy and a graceless scamp
from whom she expects neither cour
tesy nor mercy. She shows by her
looks, rather, that she expects kindness
and will appreciate it. For such a
woman nothing is too good, in the eyes
of the average men and boys. They
make room for her with all possible
speed, if they do not even descend and
lend her a helping hand. Once she Is
inside, if the car is crowded, a seat is
promptly at her disposal, whether from
boy or girl, and wherever she goes she
reaps an abundant harvest from the
seeds of love and kindness she scatters
on her way.
Assuredly there is no excuse for i
man to fill up the car platform when
there are seats Inside, unless he Is
smoking, and even then the true gentle
man never makes his cigar offensive.
But there are not always seats for all.
Many a man is on the platform simply
because he has given up his seat to
some lady Inside, and he must either
ride en the platform or miss the car.
It suits some complainants to believe
that no man should ride on a crowded
car; but for him to be late at home
would often cause far more discomfort
and uneasiness tHere than to those
he temporarily discommodes on the
brief ride In transit.
The Sun and Wind once had a dis
pute as to which should first compel
a traveler to put off his heavy cloak.
The wind blew its worst, but only
caused the traveler to wrap his cloak
more closely about him. Then the sun
'shone out warmly and the traveler was
fain to throw his cloak away. We com
mend this story of Aesop to all who
find themselves unable, either on street
cars or off them, to force by scowl and
growl the door of courtesy and kindness
that opens only to the warmth of good
fellowship and the light of love.
DISARMING JUSTtCE.
After many years of struggle and
bloodshed, of private feud and public
election massacre, Kentucky seems at
last to be progressing toward peace.
In the trial of Caleb Powers, Judge
Cantrlll made and put into execution
an order that every one connected With
the case, including His Honor the pre
siding Judge, be disarmed before being
admitted into the courtroom. This or
der will confine the arguments of the
attorneys to the Marquis of Queensbury
rules; will prevent the jurors from
using anything more deadly than chairs
or benches on one "another In adjusting
such differences of opinion as may arise
among them as to the guilt or innocence
of the accused; will enable the fore
man of the jury to read the verdict
without first donning a suit of Harvey
ized armor, and will prevent the Judge
from Imposing a fine for contempt of
court with a Winchester rifle.
There are a number of reasons why
It is unwise to allow Kentuckians to
go armed into a courtroom during the
trial of a criminal case involving a
political fight, such, for example, as
that of Caleb Powers. In the first place,
ft is a difficult matter to secure twelve
good men and true to act as jurors, so
epidemic is political prejudice, and the
shooting of one or two of them in the
course of a trial really works a very
serious inconvenience. Again, the kill
ing of a member of the counsel for a
prisoner of state gives the other side
an unfair advantage and tends at the
same time to create dissatisfaction.
And further, when the shooting be
comes general, much damage Is wrought
by bullets which find marks their send
ers little meant, and cause really un
necessary fatality among the innocent
bystanders, who never thought of draw
ing their own weapons or of harming a
single juror, attorney or Judge.
Judge Cantrlll has been severely crit
icised for -many of the rulings he has
made in previous' trials, but in his de
termination to prevent bloodshed in the
course of this trial and his willingness
to forego even his own high privilege
of carrying a six-shooter with which to
decide points too fine to be analyzed,
he will have the support not only of all
good citizens of Kentucky, but of
friends-of human kind all lover the
world.
"WELCOME, SIR HENRY!
The news of the arrival of Sir Henry
Irving andt Miss Ellen Terry in New
York Monday should be welcome to
theater-goers all over the United States,
for, although it is not likely that their
tour will extend farther West than Chi
cago, the Influence of their-presence
cannot fail to make Itself felt through
out the land.
Irving has never played for or sought
popularity. He has a standard of act
ing, an end toward which he is con
stantly striving, and, win or lose, he
never lowers It That he has succeeded
more often than he has failed finan
cially, of course, for he has always been
an artistic success is a compliment tr
the intelligence of ' theater-goers, and
more particularly to those of America,
for Irving has found the United States
always ready to make up the losses he
has sustained in England. He Is to
play "Corlolaiius" on his present tour,
and there can be little doubt that he
will present it as it has never been
presented before. The play, while rich
in possibilities for a great actor, has
been little attempted of late, and It will
be vastly better known to the theater
going public after Its forthcoming in
troduction. Of' the company which Is to support
Sir Henry, Miss Terry is already as
widely known as the star himself, and
it is safe to say that the other mem
bers . are all players with whom the
reading of Shakespeare may safely be
Intrusted. The production will be one
long to be remembered, and the impetus
it will give to the demand 'for Shakes
pearean drama, as well as the high
standard which will be set for Ameri
can actors and managers, will extend
its benefits far beyond those who are
privileged to witness it.
A PROBLEM IN POLITICAL CORRUP
TION. Philadelphia recently triedvto borrow
$9,000,000 at 3 per cent and got $5000,
while Baltimore can borrow for less
than 3 per cent. .An anonymous con
tributor to the current number of the
Atlantic Monthly recites this fact, and
explains It by saying that Pennsylvania,
is the most corrupt state in the Union, so
cprrupt that the state's financial credit
Is impaired. The explanation of the
existing political debauchery of Penn
sylvania is not furnished by a prepon-.
derance of foreign-born and bred papu
lation, for Massachusetts, with her native-born
in numerical minority, is the
best-governed commonwealth in the
Union, while Pennsylvania, with her
native-born In large majority, is fairly
painted with political corruption from
scalp to sole. Pennsylvania, and Massa
chusetts are both Republican states,
both great manufacturing states, which
have always been clamorous for a pro
tective tariff. Here the resemblance
seems tq end, for while it Is Impossible
to elect a man of known corrupt meth
ods in politics to the United States
Senate or any other high, respopsible
public office In Massachusetts. It Is verv
difficult to elect anybody save a politi
cal trader and trafficker in votes to a
high public office In Pennsylvania.
United Senator Hoar is an old man
whose earthly possessions do not ex
ceed the value of $50,000; he is opposed
to the Philippine policy of his party;
he was elected to the Senate In 1877
without spending a dollar or bargain
ing for votes; he has since been four
times re-elected without any effort on
his part. Today, at 75 years of age, he
could not be beaten for re-election by
the use of money or bargaining for
votes. It has always been so In Mas
sachusetts. Men known to be of cor
rupt political practice have never been
successful In the pursuit of public hon
ors. In the list of the political leaders
of Massachusetts you will find some
men, like Daniel Webster and George
Ashmun, who were at .times too con
vivial for their best good, but there are
no Camerons and Quays in the list of
the political leaders of Massachusetts.
The explanation of this difference in the
record of Massachusetts and Pennsyl
vania, as given by this Pennsylvania
critic of the Keystone State, is found in
a moral deficiency in the mass of vot
ers. Every man has his price under
Quay, as he did under Walpole in Eng
land. Repeaters can be bought cheap
ly and voted in carloads from Balti
more, but for the vote of a member of
the Legislature at a critical pinch as
high as $37,000 has been paid.
Respectable business men and church
officials are persuaded to lend the dig
nity of their names to a Quay, meeting
by reduced assessments on their prop
erty or by the gift of a franchise to
their company, while a socially ambi
tious ",new rich" man is bought by the
appointment of his son as under-sec-retary
to a foreign legation. A popular
clergyman of Philadelphia made a pub
lic speech for a notorious bill pending
before the Legislature. The clergyman
had once been In the ranks of the re
formers, but Quay found out that he
wanted $50,000 for a hospital of which
he was president, so Quay's engineers
offered to put the hospital In the ap
propriation bill for $50,000 if the distin
guished clergyman would give their
scandalous bill the benefit of his moral
support. The' deal was made. The
clergyman made a public speech for the
rotten bill and got his appropriation.
He would not have sola his vote or his
Influence for his personal profit, but
he would sell it for his hospital. Quay
knew his man, his price, and bought
him as truly as if he had paid him a
dollar as an imported repeater from
Baltimore. Every public Institution de
pendent on state appropriates; every
man of large public business interests,
is blackmailed and bulldozed into sup
port of the machine.
In the rural districts individual vote
buying is justified as "the custom and
habit of the' place." in communities na
tive American two centuries back.
Well-to-do farmers count on $5" twice a
year for their families' vote just as
certainly as they depend on the sale of
their wheat and hogs. The local lead
ers of the Democratic party are enough
of them In the pay of Quay to sway
the party to his advantage when he
needs help. The truth seems to be that
in Pennsylvania, from top to bottom
of soclet3 the voters place material
Interest above civic duty; the masses
sell votes and influence for cash; while
the educated directly or indirectly sell
themselves for favor, for office, for
hospital appropriations. The conclusion
of this Pennsylvania, critic is that the
domination for so many years of such
trading politicians and tricksters as
Quay and his able teacher, Simon Cam
eron, means sluggish moral vitality, a
low moral thermometer.
"Eight-ninths of the papers in Phila
delphia preach reform publicly, while
eight-ninths of the people practice the
other thing privately." Only cne paper
In the city supports the machine, the
other eight daily worship at the politi
cal reform altar. The explanation of
Philadelphia, of Pennsylvania, offered
is that she is the enthusiastic and lit
eral disciple of Franklin's worldly wis
dom, the essence of whose maxims was
expressed by Iago when he said, "Put
money in thy purse." This Pennsyl
vania critic offers as a historic reason
for the difference between the political
morality of Pennsylvania and Massa
chusetts the fact that the early Quaker
founders of Pennsylvania lacked the
spirit of the Puritan fathers to hold
their 6tate steadily to the moorings of
civic decency. The Quakers, in their
toleration, allowed the control of the
colony to pass into evil hands, and there
It has always remained. Whatever
may be the reason. It Is true that the
great State of Pennsylvania and Its
great .city, Philadelphia, have had a
comparatively inglorious history meas
ured by age, wealth and opportunity.
The Atlantic critic compares his city
to a fireside grandfather who sleeps
twenty hours a day and nods four.
It is pleasing to know that the ef
forts of fools to console and pamper
Czolgosz In prison by sending him
fruits, flowers and tender messages, as
well as the efforts of cranks to heap
maledictions upon him, have been
thwarted by a wise prison system that
has not allowed these tokens, either dt
sympathy or hate, to reach the con
demned man. It Is difficult to regard
with decent forbearance, and impossi
ble to, regard with respect, those of the
first class. We are told" that a major
ity of these are Christian Scientists-so-called
but that statement Is absurd,
since It Is the boast of these people
that they do not deal with material
things. In fact, they boldly declare
that there Is nothing material; that
matter is a false conception, so to
speak, of the carnal mind. Hence, of
course, there are no flowers and fruits.
The latter class, the cranks who pursue,
or would pursue, the wretch to his cell
with curses, represent the other extreme
of folly. Between the two stand the
great mass, whose mental equipoise,
disturbed by the great shock of the
President's assassination, was restored
by the prompt course of justice in deal
ing with the assassin, and who are glad
to commit him to the realm of silence
without either sympathy or anathema.
The New York Independent, a journal
that can hardly be taken to task for
hostility to missionary effort, takes the
following philosophical and Christian
view of the capture and proposed ran
som of Miss Stone: '
The capture Of a millionaire's son by villains,
or of a missionary woman, for ransom, under
threat of death, is a terrible thins; but It is
one of tho risks of life. The slaughter of
scores of missionaries and others In China was
a terrible thing, but it, too, was one of the
risks of the service. Before these lines, aru
read wo may know whether Miss Stono la
killed by her abductors, but if she dies, It Is
honcrablo martyrdom The monstrous ransom
demanded may be paid by living friends, but
we honestly doubt the wisdom of It, and we
observe that the American board, Which has
tho safety of a multitude of other men and
women in its charge, makes no appeal for such
subscriptions.
One of the risks of life, the life she
had chosen, resulted disastrously to
Miss Stone. "Honorable martyrdom" If
she dies will be written against her
name in the archives of the American
Turkish missions, even as it has been
written against the names of a legion
of men and women who have taken
the risk before her and perished.
Sweden has a magnificent water
power running to waste in the falls and
rapids of the rivers that drain the rug
ged surface of the kingdom. This power
It Is proposed to utilize at an early day
in running the railroads of the coun
try by electricity. One of the foremost
engineers of Sweden has prepared an
estimate of power required to operate
all the Swedish roads, comprising about
7500 miles. This he calculates at 32,000"
horsepower, which he says could read
ily be secured. Ills plan contemplates
the erection of twelve central stations
of 3000 horsepower each, distributed
over the country. The cost would be
about 40,000,000 Swedish crowns (about
$10,000,000), which outlay, en account of
the decreased cost of operating ex
penses, weiuld be a profitable invest
ment. Swedish customs, while slow to
move on lower levels, respond quickly
on higher lines to the demands of prog
ress. Hence it would not be strange
were Sweden the first country to su
persede steam by electricity in moving
railway, trains.
King Leopold of Belgium, Who will
soon visit the United States, is a
brother of the hapless Carlotta who for
a brief .period wore the troubled title
of "Empress of Mexico," and who for
many years has held mimic court in a
madhouse In her brother's dominions.
He will be the first of his house to set
foot upon American soil since his un
happy sister left It in the vain hope of
securing succor for her husband the
brave Austrian Archduke to whom
France attempted to give empire in the
New World. King Leopold comes upon
a quest of peace, desiring to Improve
the commercial relations between his
kingdom and the United States, and to
see the world beyond the European line.
A hive of human industry In which
there are no drones, but in which the
workers labor ill content, Belgium and
her industrial conditions should profit
by the visit of her ruler to a land
where labor is king, not serf; our Na
tion will upon its part give Leopold a
welcome becoming his station and his
mission.
What a pity the subsidy bill couldn't
have been passed last session! Then
the shipbuilding boom could have been
pointed to with pride as its result.
Yesterday's street-car accident was
due to carelessness of the car men; and
they will continue to be careless until
some of them are well punished.
THIS IS DIFFERENT
May Be Something Depends on the
"Woman Herself.
POF.TLAND, Oct. 16. (To the Editor.)
I have been a frequent patron of the
street-cars for the last 10 years, and have
yet for the first tlmo to board a car
when the men or boys did not move
for mo to pass, and they will frequently
descend the steps and give me the entire
way. In a few instances, a gentleman
extended his hand to assist me In alight
ing, saying, "Allow me, madam."
But allusion has been made to women
who "spread themselves," and occupy
the seat of two. I also have seen this a
few times. But more frequently, the con
trary; as, for Instance, last Sunday I
entered a crowded car, when a pretty
girl arose and in a sweet way offered
me her seat, which I gladly accepted.
Two others offered their seats to an
old gentleman. But a word for the con
ductors. I find them a very gentlemanly
set. Have received nothing but polite
ness from them; for which I am thank
ful. So subscribe myself,
A SATISFIED "OLD WOMAN."
Help Alone tle 1003 Fair.
Oregon Poultry Journal.
We are to have In Portland in 1905 the
largest exposition ever held west of the
Rocky Mountains. This will be a gigantic
effort to publish to the "world the re
sources of this great Northwest, and to
commemorate the great expedition that
gave to the United States this great coun
try. The Oregon Poultry Journal believes,
and Its mannjrement will do all in its
power to accomplish the result, that the
breeders of fancy poultry should unite
in the greatest effort of their Uvea and
put up a poultry show that will not only
be an everlasting credit to themselves, but
will alsoVmnke the eyes of the Eastern
breeders open with astonishment. To this
show we should invite, and make the invi
tation so pressing that it would be im
possible to decline, the American Poultry
Association, to hold Its annual meeting.
THE HONEST VITUPERATOR.
Springfield Republican.
After all the talk about political vi
tuperation, it may be that the vitupera
tion will continue just the sime. When
people get passionate they say things;
and when they say things in a passion
they think they are saying nothing more
than the gospel truth. No one can ade
quately dlfciiss tho question of; vitupera
tion without taking psychology Into ac
count. Vituperation comes from a state
of mind; the vituperator often believes,
for the moment at least, all that hi says,
or Implies, concerning the "vltuperatee."
Thomas Jefferson was, perhaps, one of
the most vituperated public men in our
history. Our -New England clergy de
clared that he wanted to burn the Bibles
and destroy all the pulpits, and they be
lieved it. The celebrated poem read at
the meeting of the Phi Beta Kappa So
ciety at Dartmouth College in lb03 la a
classic example of the art. Of Jefferson
the versifier wrote:
Cimmerian goblins brooded o'er the hour
When here a wild projector rose to power;
Dolusive schemes distend whose plodding brain.
Whose philosophic robe debaucheries stain.
He, weak In rule, unskilled in moral lore,
In practice Infidel, in spirit poor;
Despised in person and debased In mind,
At once the cure and pity of mankind.
Reviles the God his countrymen dore.
Kenned in insult! There w saw him shed
Theatric sorrow o'er the mighty dead!
Oh, then, then. Heaven's Indignant slumbers
slept;
The shade was wounded and the virtues wept.
The poet then took a shot at Mr. Gal
latin in these lines: ,
Columbians! See a foreign child of vice.
Vile leech 6f state, whose virtue's avarice.
Sedition nursed and taught In faction's school,
With front of triple brass, your treasure rule.
The Phi Beta Kappa Society voted its
"cordial thanks" to the poet "for his
Ingenious and sentimental verses," and
Senator Hoar afew years ago wrote that
the verses accurately expressed the pre
vailing' sentiment of the day at Dart
mouth and Harvard. The author of the
lines and his responsive hearers felt that
Jefferson and Gallatin were merely get
ting their deserts. Doubtless they sin
cerely believed that the' poet had under
stated the case.
When the old English lady screamed
with terror at a funeral upon hearing
that Mr. Gladstone was there, her emo
tion was genuine. She honestly believed
everything that was bad about the Lib
eral leader. It was unsafe to be in the
same Church with him. Those who said
he was in the pay of the Jesuits doubt
less felt that he really was, even If they
could not prove it. When Mr. Lecky said
he could see a kind of satanic gleam in
Mr. Gladstone's eye that spoke volumes
as to the man's inner nature, he had no
Idea he was deceiving himself. Mr. Lecky
was only seeing a physical Gladstone
made to correspond to his idea of Glad
stone. Probably Mr. Lecky could not
help seeing something suspicious in the
eye of the statesman, since he honest
ly regarded his Irish policy as a most
atrocious piece of chicane and dema
gogism. In our own country, in recent times,
there have been many instances of vitu
peration, or Insult to public men, which
can only be explained on the hypothesis
that the vituperator honestly believed
what he said of the "vltuperatee." Henry
Watterson no one can doubt, was sin
cere when he compared Henry George
with "the bloody Marat. Rev. Dr. Park
hurst, always sincere, was never more
honest than when, in his pulpit In 1S96,
he spoke of Mr. Bryan as "the crowned
hero and the worshiped deity of the
anarchists of the Northwest." Probably
ho one In late years has had to "catch
It" more than Bryan. The author of
"Newyorkltls" relates that when he took
Mr. Bryan to a wealthy church in New
York one Sunday he was handed a note
by an official of the parish, which said:
"There are photographers outside on the
street. Get Mr. B. away from the church
before they snap-shot him, for we don't
want the church in the same picture with
him." The feeling therein expressed was
perfectly sincere. The only wonder is that
Mr. Bryan should have been allowed to
enter the church at all.
No better Illustration of the absolute
sincerity of the user of strong language
against political opponents could bo found
than President Roosevelt. In a speech in
Chicago in 1S96 he said: "For Mr. Bryan
we can feel the contemptuous pity al
ways felt for the small man unexpectedly
thrust into a big place." Then he drew
a picture of Mr. Bryan and Mr. Altgeld:
"The one is unscrupulous from vanity,
the 8ther from calculation. The one plans
wholesale repudiation with a light heart
and bubbling eloquence, because he lacks
intelligence and Is intoxicated by hope
of power; the other would connive at
wholesale murder, and would justify it
by elaborate and cunhing sophistry for
reasons known only to his own tortuous
soul..". Again last year Mr. Roosevelt said
in his St. Paul speech: "The (the Demo
crats) stand for lawlessness and disorder,
for dishonesty and dishonor, for license
and disaster at home and cowardly
shrinking from duty abroad." Mr. Roose
velt, of course, firmly believed that Mr.
Bryan was "contemptible," that Mr. Alt
geld "would Connive at wholesale mur
der," that the Democrats stood for all
he said they did- Whe'ther he believes
it now or not. no one would undertake
to say, but when he spoke those harsh
words, he undoubtedly felt that they were
literally true.'
What Is known as vituperation, there
fore, will always be difficult to eliminate
from human discussion over issues which
cut deeply athwart men's interests and
opinions so long as tho honest vituper
ator survive?. Nothing la easier than to
believe evil of an opponent, honestly to
believe it. And when one honestly be
lieves a thing it is natural, in a country
where free speech prevails, to express the
belief in vigorous language. Evidently
people must be careful about their be
liefs, as well as moderate in their
speech.
"White Republicans in the South.
Springfield Republican.
An incident of political significance
equal to President Roosevelt's nomination
of the Alabama Democrat, Governor
Jones, to a Federal Judgeship, was the
simultaneous act of Mr. Hanna In ap
pointing District Attorney John G. Capers,
of South Carolina, to the vacancy from
that state on the Republican National
Committee. N Mr. Capers until now has
kept up his connection with the Demo
cratic party, although as a Cleveland
Democrat he bolted the party's Presiden
tial nominations in 1893 and 1900. When
Senator McLaurln secured for Mr. Capers
a nomination as United States District
Attorney for South Carolina last Winter,
Mr .Capers was presumed to be at least
as much of a Democrat as the Senator
himself, but the disguise is now fully
discarded, and, by becoming a Republican
National Committeeman, Mr. Capers
stands forth as a Republican In official
standing. It may be remarked in passing
that this performance must tend to drive
Senator McLaurin himself Into the Repub
lican fold, where he obviously belongs.
-
Senator Williamson's Candidacy.
Dalles Chronicle.
Senator Williamson has considerable
strength for anything he may ask of the
Republicans of Eastern Oregon, but the
Chronicle has the highest authority In the
world for saying that he is not a candi
date for Governor, and never was for a
moment. If this is any comfort to our
friend9 "west of the mountains, to the
gubernatorial candidates over In Pendle
ton or elsewhere, they are welcome to it,
and they may rest assured the informa
tion is reliable. What the future may
have in store for Senator Williamson the
Chronicle knows not; but that his East
ern Oregon friends will demand his recog
nition we are well assured, and the
Chronicle tvIH be with them In this de
mand, heart and soul.
NO S IGN OF NEGRO DYING OUT.
Springfield Republican.
The Census Office has given out the bare
statement that the colored element in
1900 forms only 1L5S per cent of the total
population. This proportion compares
with 11.93 per cent in 1S90, 13.13 per cent in
18S0, 14.13 per cent in 1S60 and 19 per cent
in 1S10. The figures 'are being accepted
in some Southern and other newspapers
as proving that the race problem Is in
the way of solving lteelf through the
gradual disappearance of the negro from
natural causes.
Nothing of the kind Is of course shown.
What does appear, and what would neces
sarily appear, Is that the colored race 13
steadily falling into a lower and lower
minority of the whole population of the
country, but this is a matter quite apart
from the question whether the negro race,
considered by Itself, is losing ground. The
colored race gains nothing from immi
gration, while the white race gains very
largely, and henco the falling percentage
of the colored in the total population. The
Southern States are much less affected
by immigration than the Northern, and
in the South, accordingly, we find the col
ored race constituting nearly or about as
large a proportion of the whole popula
tion as ever In recent years. This Is
made apparent from the following, giving
the percentage of colored to the total
population of each Southern State except
Virginia and West Virginia, the returns
from which have not as yet been pub
lished: 1900. 1S90. 1SS0.
Alabama 45.3 44.S 47.5
Arkansas 2S.0 27.4 26.2
Florida 43.7 42.o 4..0
Georgia ...-. 46.7 46.7 4..0
Kentucky 13.3 14.4 16.o
Louisiana 47.2 49.9 51.a
Mlssteelppl 5S.6 ai.6 oLo
North Carolina 33.3 34.7 3i.9
South Carolina 53.4 59.S 60..
Tennessee 23.8 24.4 26.1
Texas 24.0 21.3 24.7
Comparing 1900 with 1890 the proportion
of colored to all actually increased In
Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Mississippi
and Texas, or -In five of the 11 states;
while in Georgia there was no change.
Comparing 1900 with 1SS0, the dark pro
portion increased only in Arkansas and
Mississippi, while about holding its own
in Texas and Georgia.
But we are bound to take into consid
eration an Important fact or two that in
terstate migration of whites tends to fa
vor the South, while the Southern negro
population loses materially In migrations
to the North and the West. This latter
movement, while not great, is still large
enough to affect considerably" the negro
proportion of the whole Southern popula
tion. The census essayists of 1SS0, making bold
to compare the natural negro increase
with that of the white, plus lmmigra
tionr ventured the assertion that the col
ored race is not keeping the pace or, in
other words. Is in process of slow extinc
tion. And it was said that as manufac
turing industry spreads In the South and
encroaches upon agriculture as an occu
pation, this tendency in the colored race
would be quickened. AH of which may in
deed prove to be true. But there Is no
present and certain indication of it never
theless. The decade just past has been
one of great manufacturing growth In
the South, and it has also been one of a
considerable movement of colored work
men from the South Into the coal-mining
and other unskilled employments of the
Central West. Still we see that the col
ored proportion of the whole population
increased In more Southern States during
this decade than between 1SS0 and 1S90.
There is strong reason to believe that the
race problem Is not open to settlement
on easy grounds of natural negro extinc
tion, as many good people would like to
believe.
What Judfse William Said.
Call's Report.
Deputy Georse B7. Williams, of Oregon,
opposed the proposed canon, directing his
batteries principally against the fourth
section.
"The question before us," he said, "Is
not whether the laws of the state are
right or wrong, but the precise question
we have to consider and decide is what
Is the best course for the church to pur
sue with reference to persons after they
have heen divorced? Is It better for th&
church to proscribe and prosecute and
drive away such persons, or is it better
for the church to extend to them the hand
of friendship, to treat them with con
sideration and kindness, and try to make
better men and women of them? I am
aware that there are great abuses under
the existing divorce laws of the country.
but those abuses are arguments to be
addressed to the law-making power of the
country. They have nothing to do with
the question before this convention.
"I have had considerable to do with the
administration of the law for more than
50 years as Judge and practitioner, and
the result of my experience is that In a
great majority of cases applications for
divorce are made by women, who seek to
be released from worthless, drunken and
criminal husbands, who have been left
abandoned, sometimes with children on
their hands, and generally In poverty. I
ask any man In this convention If he can
give any good, sound, practical reason why
a woman who is divorced under such
circumstances if she ilnds a man who Is
willing to marry her, who will make her
a good husband and her childrn a good
father and will provide support and com
fort for her and them, why she should not
have a right to marry that man, and why
an Episcopal clergyman should not have
the right to perform the ceremony. This
legislation on our part will have no more
effect in deterring people from getting
divorce than the pope's bull had against
the comet. When people seek divorce
they do not stop to consider whether
they Wi.i be recognized by the Episcopal
church. They know very well that if the
Episcopal church will not recognize them
all the other churches of the country will.
Therefore it Ms trying to do something
that is impracticable. It ls 'straining at
a gnat and swallowing a camel.' "
The Trust and the Saprar Beet.
Springfield Republican.
It is not so muc hagainst the produc
tion of the 3Ugar beet in the United
States that the sugar trust has declared
war, as against the refining of domestic
beet sugar by companies Independent of
the trust. This Is the object of the trust
cut In sugar for Missouri Valley points
from a little over 5 to 3 cents a pound
the ruin of the independent beet sugar
refiners. Such an exercise of power on
the part of tho monopoly Is wholly char
acteristic of trust operations generally,
and so outrageous as to merit the notice
of public authority. Incidentally, It Is
said, the trust wishes to give the people
an object lesson of what free raw sugar
would mean to them. James H. Post, of
tho National Sugar Refining Company,
Is quoted as follows:
"The price of 3& cents a pound for
granulated sugar Illustrates to the coun
try what would happen with free raw
sugar from Cuba that Is, the consumers
would secure their granulated sugar at
3 Instead of 5 cents under the present
tariff, a saving of 2 cents a pound, or the
equivalent of about 51 50 or ?2 for each
inhabitant of the United States. The
total duties collected from sugar amount
to about $50,000,000 per year, and the in
creased cost to the people of the United
States on account of this duty is about
$35,000,000 additional. This $35,000,000 is
distributed to planters in Louisiana,
Hawaii and Porto Rico, and to domestic
beet-growers. The latter only supply
about 850,000 tons of the 2,400,000 tons
consumed In the United States."
This may accordingly be regarded as a
part of the trust's campaign for free
trade with Cuba, but if the Western beet
sugar interest possesses th einfluence in
Congress shown at the time of the Porto
Rico legislation, the effect of the present
maneuver would more likely be the re
tention of the raw sugar duties and the
removal of those on the refined product.
NOTE AND COMMENT. .
Seville is getting a name for itself as
the Kansas of Spain.
Czolgosz's days are numbered,, and the
number Is'gratifylngly small.
There are liars, d n liars,. Shanghai
correspondents and court of inquiry wit
nesses. General Miles is not going to reply to
Alger's book. The book was all the re
venge he needed.
The British have' 200,000 men and 250 guns
in South Africa. That ought to hold the
Boers for awhile.
It will cost the Empress Dowager $9,000.
000 to travel from Slnan Fu to Pekin. It
Is up to J. P. Morgan to get jealous.
The Wisconsin farmer who bought the
Chicago Masonic temple for $460 prob
ably needed it to pile his gold bricks in.
The site of Nebuchadnezzar's palace has
been discovered. The lawn must be
badly In need of cutting by this time.
If W. K. Vanderbilt had to work out
his automobile fines he would break
enough rock to build a bridge across tho
Atlantic.
The New Yorf: yacht club refuses to race
Sir Thomas Upton again net year. Hero
is just the chance Thomas W. Lawson
Is Iooklcsr for.
Mr. Kipling is going to sell his Vermont
home. People who believed he would pre
sent it to his brother-in-law are doomed
to disappointment.
The work of the pnragrapher on the
Commoner sheds a light on tho foundry
in which the epigrams used in its edltora
speeches were cast.
Professor Triggs has not yet made any
criticism as to the lack of literary merit
in the service used at the wedding of the
son of John D. Rockefeller.
At any rate, none of the oftlcers who
'participated In the battle of Santiago can
complain of opportunity to use their just-after-the-battle
photographs.
If George III hadn't got gay the Duko
of Cornwall and York might have fourd
just as hysterical a reception In. New
York and Washington as he lt getting i
Canada.
When M. Santos-Dumont was a little
boy he must have had a thorough school
ing in that bit of literature which says:
"If at first you don't succeed, try, try
again."
The Savannah City Council honors the
President and its own city by resolving
that "It would be a great pleasure and
privilege for the people of Savannah to
have the honor of entertaining the Presi
dent in this city, the home of his ma
ternal ancestors, and to show their ap
preciation of his kind feelings toward the
South as well as of his manly character
and his public service and his devotion to
principle and duty."
The facsimile of a curved bar of gold
found by Professor Petrie at the roal
tombs of Abydos. Inscribed with the namo
of Aha, identified as another name for
Mena. tho first dynastic King of Egypt,
has been received by the Rev. Dr. Will
iam Copley Wlnslow, of Boston, chief of
ficial of the Egyptian exploration fund for
the United States, and. placed by him for
the society In the Museum of Fine Arts
in Boston, where It is mounted upon
black marble, through the director. Gen
eral Lorlng. It Is unique, and the pur
pose of it is entirely unguessed as yet.
Near the top la a hole (was the bar an
ornament?), at the lower end Is a close
cross-hatching, and the same is on tho
under side near the upper end. The hiero
glyphic work of about 4750 B. C. Is quite
clear to the naked eye. The weight of the
bar Is 216 grains, and it Is about nvo
Inches long. A most Interesting circum
stance connected with this venerable relic,
certainly to Chlcagoans, Is the fact that
the committee in London voted to pre
sent the original bar to 'the museum in
their city.
0
PLEASANTRIES OF PAIIAGRAFHEUS
Looked Ahead. He If you didn't lovo nw,
why did you marry me? She Because you
were the only man I cared to bo divorced
from. Brooklyn Life.
Faith In Him. Towne Do I understand you
to say that Spender's caso was really a faith
cure? Browne Yes. You seo the doctor and
the druggist both trusted him. Philadelphia.
Press.
A Poser E'3te Mamma, were you ever a
child? Mamma Certainly, dear. All human
beings were once children. Elsie Really?
"Well, who took care of the babies then?
Philadelphia Press.
An Eternal Vow. Edith I suppose ho swore
to you "till the earth grows old and tho stars
Brow cold." and all that? Ethel Oh, longer.
He swore ti luc mfr till that Chinese indem
nity wai paid. Judge.
Mistress Did you tell the lady I was out?
Servant Girl Yes, ma'am. Mistreeo Did she
seem to have any doubt about it? Servant
girl No, ma'am; she sald she knew you
wasn't. Glasgow Times!
Fay How do you like my new gown? May
It'3 very pretty. "Do you really think so?"
"Yes, Indeed: I was Just crazy to get ona
like It when they came into fashion two years
ago." Philadelphia Record.
"Mamma, how can you ask mo to marry him
when ho has no social position?" "But, my
dear, he tells me he has made a million."
"But even with, that, it will take him a year
to get into society." Life.
Her Mother Lsaw him kiss you I I am ter
ribly shocked. X did not for a moment imagine
he would dare take such a liberty. Herself
Nor did I. ma. In fact. I bet him a pair of
gloves he daren't! TIt-EIts.
Deuth. of a Child.
(Tho late Drt Thomas William Parsons In tho
Century Magazine.)
Long waiting, watching for the day
To patience brlngeth peace;
"When my child sighed his life away
I felt but his release
And mine own trouble seamed afar,
Like something long ago!
I looked up to Night's ruling star.
And felt a now life glow.
Deep In my heart a certain hope
That faintly beamed before
As 'twere the Angel come to ope.
And not to close, tho door.
Thero Is a grief that slowly grows
In storm, through tears, to calm;
Such sorrows blossom late; the ros
Of Autumn breaches most balm.
1 know what death Is now a friend,
Though oft In hostile guise;
God's messenger, whose lessons lend
New glory to tho skies.
Antnmn DIssntNfnctlon.
"Washington Star.
Oh, some wants snow
An' some wants rain,
"What- ebber dey gits.
Dey'U shore complain.
Some wants sunshine
An' some wants shade,
Dar's boun to be klckln.
I's afraid.
Some wants frost
An' some wants heat;
Happiness
Can't be complete.
I takes what cornea
De bes' I can.
I's glad I ain't
De weather man.