THE MINING OKJSGONIAN, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 10, 1901.
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YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 72; minimum temperature, 45; pre
cipitation, none.
TODAY'S WEATHER Fair; northwesterly
winds.
. 1
PORTLAND, TUESDAY, SEPT. 10.
OUR HUMBUG RECIPROCITY.
Evidence accumulates that a deter
mined effort will be made In the com
ing session of Congress to crystallize
tariff reform sentiment in favor of the
reciprocity treaties, notably the treaty
with France. These treaties will be
urged by manufacturing interests
whose wares are kindly provided with
easier entrance into foreign markets,
and by that section of the Republican
party which is closely allied with those
manufacturing interests the treaties
will be offered as the proper means of
satisfying the general desire for tariff
reduction.
The programme is not satisfactory.
In the first place, times and conditions
have changed since these treaties were
negotiated. The pending treaty with
France is so old already that it bears
date July 24, 1899, a matter of two years
and a half anterior to the time this
Winter when Congress will be asked to
ratify it. It is, moreover, but a revised
version of the former treaty, based upon
section 3 of the Dingley law, which did
not require Congressional action for its
perfection, and which was drafted as
long ago as the first month of the war
with Spain.
It is perfectly clear that tariff needs
and tariff sentiments in the United
States have undergone profound
changes in the past three years. The
rise of the trusts, the exportable sur
plus of many protected products, nota
bly iron and steel and their manufac
tures, have entirely altered the face of
the situation. The treaties have failed
heretofore, and it is not clear whence
they are to muster fresh strength to
carry them over the continuing obsta
cles. The French treaty gives our manu
facturers facilitated entry for a list of
articles under 644 heads, the concession
being about equivalent to a reduction of
20 per cent below prevalent tariff rates.
In return for these concessions to our
manufacturers, who are still protected
by the United States tariff, we yield to
France reduced rates on articles pro
duced by our agricultural classes,
notably fruits and olive oil. Not only
that, but the treaty has expressly ex
empted from the minimum French rates
several important lines of American
production closely allied to agricultural
pursuits, notably dressed skins and
hides, boots and shoes, porcelain, butter
and cheese.
It is not a pleasant thing to discuss
tariff reform measures from the atti
tude of local interests, as the derision
that greeted General Hancock's famous
apothegm bore abundant witness. Tet
as these treaties deal specifically with
local interests, no other course is per
haps possible; and it must be put on
record that the French arrangements
offer practically no advantages to the
products of the Pacific Coast, whereas
they encourage competition from France
in nearly everything we do produce,
and fail to provide concessions where
aid to our exports could be well af
forded. Close study of the treaties,
therefore, justifies the conclusion that
as a proposal in the direction of actual
and equitable tariff reform they are
humbugs, and that they are, on the
other hand, skillfully devised under
takings for the promotion of some in
dustries and the sacrifice or at least the
neglect of others.
The basic difficulty with the reci
procity programme, in a broad way, is
that it approaches tariff reform from
the wrong angle. Its underlying motive
is the theory that we must aid our pro
tected manufacturers to the markets of
the world. Now, the fact is that the
popular concern regarding the tariff is
not at all or at least but very 'little
the welfare of the manufacturer, but
is primarily the rescue of the con
sumer. The principle of sacrificing pro
tection to our farmers as a means
toward support of our manufacturers is
at wide variance with the general solici
tude that these same manufacturers
shall forego their present tariff benefac
tions, under cover of which they sell
at high prices at home and low prices
abroad. "When we have removed du
ties on wares of which we are already
exporting largely, it will be time to
reduce those on articles that continue
to be Imported in competition with our
own producers.
As the date of the annual exhibit of
the Oregon State Agricultural Society
approaches, great activity is manifest
in and about the society's grounds near
Salem. If indications at this date are
not deceptive, the exhibit, both in its
racing and more strictly agricultural
features, will be of unusual Interest and
value. This is not said disparagingly
of former exhibits of the society, espe-
daily those in more recent years, but
give voice to the manifest fact that
the efforts of the managers keep pace
with the growth of the state in the lines
represented. With good weather the
fair ought to be well patronized by
the farmer folk of the Willamette "Val
ley. In whose interest chiefly it is held.
AX ALABAMA EXPERIMENT.
Of the forty-five states of the Union,
only Georgia, Massachusetts, New Jer
sey, New York, Rhode Island and South
Carolina hold annual sessions of their
Legislatures. All the rest hold biennial
sessions, and in some of the seven just
enumerated determined efforts have
long been made to change the annual
to a biennial programme.
This tendency to longer Intervals be
tween Legislative sessions is confirmed
by the action of Alabama's recent con
stitutional convention In limiting its
Legislature to a fifty-day session once
in four years, except that special ses
sions may be ordered when necessary.
The general theory is, of course, that
frequent legislation is not so desirable
on the whole as settled practice; that a
multiplicity of enactments do more
harm than good, and that Legislative
sessions are sources of expense, confu
sion and scandal, rarely offset by re
forms adopted or dangers averted.
A great deal is to be said, certainly.
In favor of this Alabama Idea. In gen
eral the vast body of legislation enact
ed at every, biennial session contains
little if anything of real value to the
community. When one weighs the ex
travagances indulged, scandals of vari
ous sorts, and litigation encouraged,
against the permanent good achieved
by frequent Legislative sessions, one is
easily persuaded that once in four
years is often enough for Legislatures
to meet The quadrennial session would
give us more steady appropriations and
more regular taxes; fewer contests be
fore the courts over statutes of doubt
ful constitutionality; less expense for
the machinery of government. The
clerkship abuse would be reduced one
half, and frequently the disturbance of
a Senatorial campaign and election
would be eliminated by the election of
two Senators at one session. Everybody
will watch the Alabama experiment in
hope to see it prove successful. If it
does, the example may extend to other
states. Nowhere is there greater need
for the reforms it promises than In Ore
gon and Washington.
SNOBS ARE BORX, NOT MADE.
The Columbus (O.) Dispatch recently
said that Army officers stationed there
complain that they have been subjected
to insulting treatment by some persons
1 of that town, have been publicly hooted
at, and especially that their uniform
has been made the subject of derisive
remarks. A correspondent of the New
Tork Sun, while granting that some of
the disfavor in which the United States
uniform is held by "a certain class of
people in this country is due to Bryan
and his fellow-agitators against "mili
tarism," nevertheless holds that "the
snobbishness of many West Point Army
officers" is responsible for much of the
popular antipathy felt for the uniform.
This charge Is absurd Even before the
recent Increase not half the Army offi
cers were from West Point, and since
the enlargement of the Army and the
appointment of the large number of
civilians and volunteers the proportion
of West Point men in the Army is
greatly reduced. '
There Is certainly nothing in the edu
cation at West Point that should de
velop snobbishness, and, according to
our observation, there are fewer snobs
among Army officers as a class than
among those of any other profession.
The worst military snobs we ever saw
were some of those appointed to the
regular Army from civil life in 1861-62;
men who had never served in the field,
mere proteges or poor relations of poli
ticians with a "pull." Nobody exhib
ited more disgust and contempt for the
aplshness of these military snobs than
their superior, the superintendent of the
state recruiting office, who was an old
Major of the Third United States Artil
lery, a graduate of the class of 1838 at
West Point, who had served gallantly
In the Florida and Mexican wars.
Snobs are born, not made; no man is a
snob because he Is an Army officer; all
the Influences of West Point, all the
education and experience of Army life,
are hostile to the cultivation of the
spirit of snobbishness.
A newly appointed civilian or newly
appointed volunteer officer is far more
likely to exhibit self-consciousness and
swaggering manners than a West Point
graduate, who is, as a rule, uniformly
modest and gentlemanly. There is, of
course, among respectable Army officers
individual pride and personal desire to
preserve the reputation of the service.
True soldiers are among our picked
men, and by their honorable public
situation have a right to a peculiar, ex
clusive self-esteem, and do well to cul
tivate it; but this laudable kind of pride
is entirely distinct from snobbishness,
which is a vulgar trait that Is nowhere
held In more complete detestation than
among true soldiers of experience,
whether graduates of West Point or
not. Severe education, high intelli
gence and heroic experience do not
multiply snobs. Young graduates of all
colleges, young members of all profes
sions, are not seldom transiently a bit
too opinionated and egotistical; but
there is less of this amiable weakness
among West Pointers than among the
graduates of civil schools.
A FOUL BROOD.
The Polish residents of New York re
pudiate the story that Czolgosz is of
Polish extraction, and charge his ances
try upon Russia. Russians will no
doubt repudiate him .also. So far as his
lineage has been traced, it appears that
he is a mongrel whom, happily, no na
tionality will have to claim exclusively,
such ignominy as belongs to his exlst-
5 ence being thus fortunately divided.
That of the United States consists in
having furnished a birthplace to the
wretched, ill-balanced, misbegotten
creature who sought Its President's life,
and of harboring a gang of anarchists
to whose pernicious doctrines he was a
too-ready convert. The first count in
this indictment amounts to little, since
the event of his birth was not under the
jurisdiction of government or people.
There Is grave reason, however, to hold
the country answerable for permitting
the nest of anarchistic vipers to remain
undisturbed to multiply their vicious
brood, of which he was one, under the
protection of the laws that they defy.
The story that thrilled the school chil
dren of a former generation, of the be
numbed viper that, being warmed in the
bosom of pity, true to its instincts,
turned and stung Its benefactor, is ap
plicable to this case. Our Ideals of free
speech, personal liberty and wide re
publican hospitality may be shattered
In applying this lesson to the anarch
istic vipers that nest in and nestle un
der the folds of. our flag, awaiting and
seeking opportunity to strike a blow
against the -Government that it repre
sents. Rut It must be conceded that
these ideals have already been shat
tered by at least two pistol shots strik
ing in vital places, and that further to
abide by and cherish them is to invite
other serious and possibly fatal as
saultsr Whether the assassin, Czolgosz,
is Pole or Russian in ancestry matters
little; he is an American by birth, and
the nefarious training that he has re
ceived In the diabolism of anarchy is
openly and withoutdiindrance taught in
America. The question is whether these
schools of anarchy shall continue to
flourish under the sanction of liberty or
be peremptorily closed by operation of
the law of self-preservation a law as
dear and sacred to a republic, its offi
cers and citizens, as to a monarchy, its
rulers and subjects.
With anarchy boasting domicile in the
land; full fed by unwise Indulgence and
pampered by a National magnanimity
that it can neither understand nor ap
preciate; yearly gathering strength by
what it feeds upon, and . gaining
confidence by continued immunity from
punishment, our ideals are not only se
verely strained, but our most cherished
institutions are endangered. Whatever
nationality the brood this creature
hatches and nurtures may claim, its
foul nest upon our shores should be
broken up and those who keep it warm
should be exterminated either by death,
hopeless imprisonment or exportation,
according to the degree of their offend
ing. The brood Is a foul one, whatever
its nationality or extraction, and should
be given no quarter.
TRIGGS AS HE IS.
Triggs, It appears, is sane after all,
and his notoriety as a sensational idiot
is only the Inevitable fruit of the strain
which journalistic competition in Chi
cago has imposed upon the college cor
respondents of that strenuous neighbor
hood. He said that some hymrfs are
doggerel, as they are. He said that
Longfellow's poetry Is "of a minor or
der," and so it is, compared with the
highest, or even compared with the best
work of Whittier, Emerson and Holmes.
But the wholesale disparagement of
both hymns and Longfellow's poems he
is not guilty of.
Professor Triggs has chosen the ad
mirable medium of the New York
Times Saturdey Review to set himself
right before the public. In a letter to
It he puts a different light on his much
discussed classroom talks. He does not
explicitly deny that he said that Rocke
feller was as great as Shakespeare, or
that he had used the word "doggerel"
in connection with hymns and "drivel"
with Longfellow. But he explains that
what he meant and what his class un
derstood him to mean by his Shakespeare-Rockefeller
comparison was that
Rockefeller was as great an exponent
of the creative imagination and ener
getic spirit of this age as Shakespeare
was of that of the "times of great
Elizabeth." They were both "poets" in
the sense that poets are "creators" or
"makers," and according' to Shelley's
definition that "all who display imag
ination, the higher creative sense as
distinguished from the logical reason,
are poets." It Is not very long since
general acceptance and satisfaction
were expressed by the press of the
country at a discovery that Mr. J. Pler
pont Morgan's creative 'genius harks
back to a poetic ancestor. Almost any
candid mind will concede that the cre
ative instinct exists, though in differ
ing aspect, in the great constructive
financier as well as in the great con
structive poet or critic. On this head
there should be no quarrel.
There remain two reflections upon the
Triggs episode. One is the reprobation
of journalistic methods it serves to ex
pose. The passion for sensation has run
to a lamentable 'extreme. No field of
news escapes its baleful Influence.
What men have said and what women
have actually done becomes of minor
Importance compared with what the
sensational newspaper requires them to
have said and done. Somehow or other
"the commonplace occurrence must be
magnified into a dramatic episode, and
the humdrum Instruction of the class
room must be made over Into a start
ling outbreak of Philistinism. Thus
the Chicago reporters caricature the
Chicago professors and San Francisco
raises Its neighborhood scandals to the
hundredth power. The comment on
Triggs also betrays a too common im
pulse to take for granted every ru
mored lapse of a college professor and
make the most of It. As a class the
pedagogue is sadly misunderstood and
abused. His heart Is in the right place,
and he has forgotten more than most
of his detractors ever knew. Too often
his Innocent hemarks are butchered to
make a yellow journal's holiday.
FORTUNATE IN HIS FRIENDS.
That President McKinley Is likely to
recoVer is due primarily to the fact
that his private secretary was a man
of sound sense and placed the wounded
man in the hands of surgeons of excel
lent ability and force of character, who
performed what was necessary to be
done as promptly as If they had been
called to the -bedside of a friendless
pauper patient in a hospital. Had
President McKinley fallen Into the
hands of a mere pretender, as did
President Garfield when Dr. "Cundu
rango" Bliss was suffered with the ap
proval of Mrs. Garfield to take his case,
he would have died of gross surgical
sins of omission, as did Garfield. After
President Garfield was shot, en the
morning of July 2, 1881, Surgeon Wales,
of the Navy, and Dr." Lincoln, of Wash
ington, solemnly warned his friends that
it was absolutely necessary to probe
the wound at once, or lay It open suffi
ciently to determine its course; that
otherwise blood poisoning could not be
guarded against. The track of the
wound must be determined. Garfield
received no surgical attention what
ever until evening, and then Dr. Bliss
formed a theory as to the probable
course of the ball, which the autopsy
proved to be utterly false.
Garfield's wound was treated In ac
cordance with Bliss' hypothesis for sev
eral days. Signs of blood poisoning be
gan to show?themselves, and Dr. Ag
new, a famous surgeon from Philadel
phia, was summoned. Bliss simply al
lowed him to perform a small surgical
operation made necessary by the fact
that the ball had fractured a rib in en
tering the President's body. Dr. Agnew
was allowed no responsibility in the
case beyond this surgical work; Bliss
clung to It to the last, and Garfield
died after eleven weeks of great suffer
ing. The autopsy revealed the fact
that Dr. Bliss had been for weeks
treating a pus cavity for the track of
( the wouud, and, of course, death by
blood poisoning from the uncleansed,
undrained true track of the wound In
evitably followed. The bullet was
found completely encysted, so that fail
ure to find and extract it would have
done the patient no harm. Garfield
died of blood poisoning, and blood pois
oning was inevitable from the failure to
determine the course of the wound and
keep it clean through drainage and
antiseptic treatment. Any surgeon "of
skill and standing, like those who have
operated, upon President McKinley,
would have, acted at once, for all pro
fessional precedents pointed to the
course advised by Naval Surgeon Wales
and Dr. Lincoln,
Garfield's wound was severe, but not
necessarily fatal. In 1810 General W. F.
Napier, then Lieutenant-Golonel Napier,
received a wound Identical with that
suffered by Garfield, the ball splintering
the same vertebral processes without
injuring the spinal cord. The English
military surgeons of that day of course
did not compare with our own in op
erative skill and our antiseptic surgery
was unknown, but they were men of
nerve and common sense, and they
promptly probed the wound, found out
that the bullet was lodged close to the
spine, kept the wound clean by drain
age, and the next year Colonel Napier
was able to mount his horse and en
gage in the battle of Fuentes d'Onoro.
He served, too, at Salamanca, Nivelle,
Orthez and Toulouse. He survived his
wound fifty years, dying In 1860. The
presence of the ball, which was never
extracted, caused a good deal of suffer
ing at intervals throughout his long
life, but the fact that he was able to
write and publish his famous book,
"History of the War in the Spanish
Peninsula," proves that his sufferings
were not inconsistent with very hard
and exacting literary labor.
Had Garfield been attended upon
promptly by first-class surgical skill,
there is no good reason for believing
that he might not have recovered as
fully as did Colonel Napier. Garfield
was only 49 years old; he, was a tall,
strong, well-developed, well-nourished
man; his survival of maltreatment for
eleven weeks proves his strength and
the vitality of his constitution, and it
Is not too much to say that his death
was due to surgical omission to do
promptly the proper thing to do. The
same irresolution and omission would
have cost McKinley his life. The sur
geons called to McKinley's bedside were
instinct with the professional courage
and common sense that Napoleon asked
of the physician who was called to at
tend his Empress, Marie Louise, when
he said: "Calm yourself; think you are
attending a poor woman in the Fauborg
St. Antoine."
The ability to rise to an emergency is
not dependent upon physical strength,
else would the records of heroism be
without the noble deeds and names of
women with which they have been
thickly strewn throughout the ages.
Mrs. McKinley has In the fortitude with
which she has met the most severe
shock that can come to a woman dem
onstrated anew the latent power that
lies in woman's weakness. Accustomed
for years to be shielded ffrom every
care and annoyance; leaning heavily
upon the strong arm of her husband,
she yet met the sudden calamity of his
attempted assassination with a courage
that the strongest, most self-reliant
woman could do no more than dupli
cate.. Jn thus demonstrating from a
wholly unexpected quarter the latent
power of courage in womanhood, the
frail wife of the President has earned
the gratitude of the daughters of Amer
ica and the admiration of America's
sons. It may be hoped that she, with
the Nation, will be spared the yet more
dreadful shock jot a fatal ending to the
President's wounds.
Prohibition is obtaining considerable
vogue in some counties of Mississippi.
Its opponents denounce It as a New
England importation, and quote from a
public letter of Jefferson Davis, in
which he denounced prohibition as "a
wooden horse in which the disguised
enemy to state sovereignty, the guar
dian of liberty, Is Introduced." Mr. Da
vis further denounced prohibition as
getting at the evil the wrong way. He
wrote: "The abuse, and not the use, of
stimulants, is the evil to be remedied.
If drunkenness be the cause of crime,
why not pronounce drunkenness itself
to be a crime and attach to it proper
and . adequate penalties ?"
The indications favorable to the
President's ultimate recovery continue.
Probably the original chances for
recovery were about even with
those of fatality, as about half of
similar wounds are successfully treated.
Model surgery, however, and the pa
tient's good condition and resolute spirit
have given a decided preponderance
now to the side of hope. Financial cir
cles of two hemispheres attest the uni
versal confidence and gratification. An
other twenty-four hours of improve
ment -will establish beyond doubt the
fact of convalescence.
The threat of violence at McKeesport
comes at an Inopportune time, In view
of the steel trust's gains and the failure
of the latest peace overtures. Under
such circumstances', the task of Presi
dent Shaffer and his advisers In re
straining the strikers from overt of
fenses becomes a hard one, but none
the less necessary. A) mistake now in
the direction of lawlessness would be
a crime, for it would destroy a great
fabric of popular sympathy laboriously
built up through weeks of self-restraint.
The best is to be hoped for.
The urgent demand for money from
the East with which to move the crops
discounts the jubilant stories of the
plethora of currency in the West. The
West is rich, but wealth is not always
ready money. Currency follows Its own
laws, and its migratory movements are
not dependent upon the acquisition of
property.
Headed Botii AVoys.
Chicago Tribune.
When one thinks of those Democrats in
Van Wert County, Ohio, who a few days
ago indorsed the Kansas City platform
and the peerless leader, and followed this
up by indorsing the platform adopted by
the Ohio Democratic convention at Colum
bus, one realizes the foggy condition of
mind in which a committee on resolu
tions at a Democratic convention ap
proaches its task this year.
No One AVlio Needs Muzzling'.
Washington Post.
When a member of' Parliament can
take the floor and express a wish for the
continued resistance of the Boers with
out being severely called down, it would
seem that they have considerable freedom
of speech on the other side of the water.
But It may be that they don't pay so
much attention to the Sulzers, Lentzes
and Web Davises in England.
THE RUSH-BAGOT CONVENTION.
Chicago Tribune.
The antiquated treaty of 1S17 forbid
ding the building and maintenance of
warships on the great lakes has engaged
Congressman Boutell's attention ever
since it killed his bill three years ago for
giving the Chicago naval militia a mod
ern training ship. In the North American
Review for September he tells the curi
ous story of the birth, life, death, resus
citation and accomplishments of that out
worn treaty. He writes under the title,
"Is the Rush-Bagot Convention Immor
tal?" He makes it clear that the old
treaty is now doing more harm than
good.
The object of this convention between
Great Britain and the United States was
to remove a possible cause of irritation
after the war of 1S12. It accomplished
that object. It stipulated that neither
nation should maintain any naval vessels
on the lakes, with the exception of four
small revenue cutters "not exceeding
100 tons burden and amed with one 1S
pound cannon." At that time iron or steel
ships were unknown, and steam had not
yet been applied to a war evssel. The
treaty has long outlived Its purpose and
the conditions that made its literal ob
servance possible. Both nations tacitly
admitted this fact as long ago as 1S44,
when the United States launched the 498
ton side-wheel bark Michigan, which still
survives as an ancient curiosity. This
has violated the letter of the treaty for
nearly 60 years. Mr. Boutell thinks It is
time both Governments ceased to main
tain the pious fiction that the convention
Is still observed.
At the time when Mr. Rush and Mr.
Bagot exchanged their notes the Welland
and St. Lawrence canals did not exist.
To build a warship on . the lakes then
meant to maintain It there. Changed
conditions now make It possible to build
ocean vessels of moderate size in lake
shipyards and convey them to salt water.
Lake shipbuilders could compete with
those on the seaboard In building smaller
naval vessels for our own and foreign
Governments If it were not for the Rush
Bagot convention. The men who made
that treaty had no Idea of forbidding
so legitimate an Industry, yet such Is the
effect of the agreement as It stands.
Mr. Boutell calls renewed attention to
the fact that there are at least 12 large
shipyards on the lakes at Chicago, Mll
waukeet Detroit, Cleveland and other
cities, which are now prevented from
building naval vessels of any kind by this
antiquated treaty, though they could do
the work more cheaply than seaboard
firms, because they are nearer the ore
beds, coal mines and steel plants. The
Government suffers loss because It can
not accept the lower bids of the lake
shipbuilders. The naval militia on the
lakes are prevented from having a gen
uine gunboat on which to complete their
training. These needless deprivations
could be removed by a few simple changes
In the convention.
It Is not desirable that the treaty should
be abrogated entirely. It would be unfor
tunate both for Canada and for the United
States if they were to begin to create
rival navies on the lakes. It would be
beneficial to both, however, If they were
to abolish the ban upon the building of
naval vessels, retaining only the pro
vision that the warships should not be
kept In the lakes after completion, save
in the case of a few training ships. That
Is what Congressman Boutell recommends,
and his advice Is sound and sensible. It
Is not likely that Canadians would object
to so reasonable a change.
LEGISLATION BY LOTTERY.
How English Commoners Arrange
to "Catch the Speaker's Eye."
London Chronicle.
The private member will have a chance
of exercising some of his attenuated
rights now that the financial pressure
for the year Js relieved, and one of them
Is the power of moving resolutions on
Tuesday evenings. With the exception
of a few Wednesdays devoted to bills,
this Is practically the only opportunity
he now has of registering the opinion of
the House on any question ho may bring
before it. The privilege is naturally a
much-prized one for most members have
a favorite topic on which they would
like to enlighten the House even he who
wishes to move an anti-gambling resolu
tion has no hesitation In taking part in
the lottery by which the precedence of
members Is decided.
Every Tuesday afternoon members who
wish to take part In the ballot put their
names on the list at the table. These
are numbered, and the chief clerk, who
acts as master of ceremonies, writes the
numbers on slips of paper and shuffles
them In a box, just the same way as the
names of horses and blank3 are arranged
In a Derby sweepstakes at a club. This
operation having been concluded, the
clerk, pulling tack the sleeve of his gown
to show that there la no deception, pulls
out a number and announces It. The
speaker reading from the list calls the
name of the first prize winner, who
thereupon gives notice of his motion for
that day four weeks. There are other
prizes for those who are second or third,
but the first motion generally lasts the
whole evening, and they are not of much
value.
And there Is always the possibility of
a "count out," unless the question to be
discussed is "a particularly burning one.
Of late years, owing to the immense In
roads which the Government has made
on privileges of private members, "counta
out" have been as rare as swallows In.
March, but it is not so very long ago
when they were quite common. In order
to keep a quorum together a member who
had the first place for a motion used
often to give a big dinner party at the
house. That extensive hospitality has
doubtless been extended for the last time.
It would take a very dull subject to clear
the house on a Tuesday just now.
Time's Changes on the Army.
New York Evening Post.
The dea,th of General William Ludlow
Is the third among the prominent Generals
of the Spanish War, Generals Lawton and
Henry having passed away before him.
In the Navy, too, several of the Im
portant figures have already gone. Rear
Admiral Philip, the commander of the
Texas; Captain Grldley, of the Olympia;
Commander Wood, of the Petrel, and
Dewey's flag Lieutenant, Thomas M.
Brumby. It Is an Interesting fact thai
the Spanish War was one fought largely
by officers of middle age and in the eany
sixties. In this respect'it differed greatly
from the Civil War, In which men com
manded brigades and divisions at 21 and
armies at 35. As a result, the prominent
figures that survive the Spanish War are
rapidly going on the retired list, and giv
ing up their active duties to tne younger
men In both services, wno Have prontea,
particularly in the Army, by the phe
nomenal promotion of the last two years.
Thus Generals Shafter, Wheeler, Fltz
hugh Lee, J. Ford Kent, Marcus P. Miller
and Thomas M. Anderson have already
retired, and will be followed this year
by Generals H. C. Qlerrlam and Robert
H. Hall, and next year by Major-General
Otis, of Philippine fame, Brooke, the first
Governor of Cuba, and Wheaton, whose
part In the Agulnaldo capture made him
a Major-General. Prominent among ap
proaching Navy retirements are those of
Rear-Admirals Sampson and Schley, In
February, 1903, and October, 1901, next to
Admiral Dewey, the two most important
naval figures. Admiral Dewey with his
rank received the privilege of remaining
on the active list as long as he desires
both distinctions only rarely extended in
the history of the American fleet.
Feeding the Hungry.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
The sale of 50.679.000 bushels of wheat
abroad In the first eight weeks after
July 1, as compared with 22,610,000 sold
during the same period last year, Indicates
that the biggest wheat crop we have ever
raised will be In active demand by Europe
till a new crop Is grown. Already the
surplus above last year's sales amounts
to 517.000.000.
AMERICANS LIVING LONG.
Chicago Record-Herald.
Is the time coming when man may rea
sonably expect to live ICO years? Some ot
the scientists are Inclined to believe that
tt i whAther we mav look forward to
such longevity or not, it is certain that
science 13 making suDstantiai aavuacva
in this country against disease and there
by prolonging life. This Is shown by the
report of the vital statistics department
of the Census Bureau, which contains fig
ures that are highly encouraging.
Tt is found that the eeneral death rate
In the United States has declined 1.S .per b
1000 of the population during tne past
10 years, and in 341 cities of SOOO inhab
itants and upward the gain for Iongevity
has been much more pronounced. These
cities show a reduced death rate of 2.4
per 1000 inhabitants, as compared with
the figures of liSW.
In Connecticut and Vermont people
seem to have the best chance for living.
There the death rate was 17 per 1000 of
population In 1900. In the cities of St.
Joseph (Mo.) and St. Paul (Minn.) the In
habitants are most nearly immune from
death at the present time. There the rate
per 1000 inhabitants Is 9.1 and 9.7 re
snectivelv. Amonsr the larse cities Chi
cago appears as a very healthful place,
tne death rate here Is given at 16.2 (in
fact It was only 14.bS per 1000) against
a rate qf 21.2 in Philadelphia, 21 In Balti
more, 20.4 In New York and 20 In Pitts
burg. Shreveport (La.) Is the most dan
gerous city to nve in, the death rate there
having been 45.5 In 1200.
Through this decrease In the general
death rate the span of life has been
lengthened. In 1S50 the average age at
which Americans died was 31.1 years. In
1900 the average age had Increased to
35.2 more than four years In a decade.
Undoubtedly this promulgation of human
life has been due to better sanitary regu
lations, to Improved methods of fishtlng
epidemics and to general advancement in
various branches of science. There are
good reasons for believing that the im
provements will continue. Indeed, it is
hardly too much to say tha-t they have
only begun.
New methods for preventing diseases or
checking them before they start upon
devastating courses are being put Into
practice almost dally, and as the people
become impressed with the Importance
of proper drainage and sanitation the dif
ficulties of securing those things are les
sened. These Improvements, with Increas
ing care and watchfulness In the man
agement of hospitals, the rigorous enforc
ment of laws providing for the isolation
of contagious diseases, the prohibition of
adulteration of foods and the abolition
of public dangers, such as grade cross
ings of railways and buildings rendered
unsafe either through the probability of
fire or collapse, must as the years pass
result in still further lengthening the
average of human life.
About the only particular In which there
has been a lack of progress Is to be found
In the Inattention of people to the appeal
to, cease hurrying and worrying them
selves to death.
Lost Arctic Explorers.
Chicago Tribune.
Were it not for its seriousness the situ
ation of the various explorers now In the
Arctic regions would be distinctly humor
ous. Three years ago the Swedish ex
plorer, Sverdrup, left In quest of the
north pole via the west coast of Green
land, and tidings from him have been
anxiously awaited, as It was hoped he
might find Andree somewhere on that
coast.
About the same time, three years ago,
the 2d of July, Lieutenant Peary started
for the pole, and has not been heard from
since March 31, 1900, when he wrote from
Fort Conger, on the Greenland Cost, that
he was crippled by the loss of his toes
from frostbites, but should press forward
In the Summer, confident that he would
reach the pole.
The next move was to send the Erik In
search of Peary. Where the Erik Is no
one knows, nor what vessel will go In
search of It, but meanwhile comes the
strange report that Peary, who ha3 not
been found, has found Sverdrup, who has
not found Andree.
Who will find all these lost ones? Per
haps that good fortune will be reserved
for Baldwin, who has the best-appointed
expedition that has ever gone within the
Arctic circle and the most complete ar
rangements for the transmission of news
back to civilization. He has already es
tlshed his main station among the islands
of Franz Josef Land, and thence will
transport sufficient supplies and equip
ment to establish an additional base at
the northernmost point of that land,
where he will remain until March, 1902.
At that time he will begin his long 550
mlle march to the pole, which he Is con
fident he will reach by the Fourth of July.
He is also confident that he will pick up
Peary, who has just picked up Sverdrup
and is waiting to be picked up himself.
It is to be hoped 'Baldwin may be suc
cessful in these pick-ups, and that inci
dentally he may pick up the pole. If not,
some one will have to be sent to pick up
Baldwin. The Arctic game of pick-up is
getting somewhat tiresome. It is to be
hoped, therefore, Baldwin may get to
the pole, even If he should find Andree,
Sverdrup, Peary, and the others all there
claiming It.
As to Bible Revision.
New York Sun.
Did anybody have any trouble with
"wist" in Sunday school? Why should
It be changed to "knew"? The American
revisers might have credited the people
with a little Intelligence. Such changes
as "make full" for "fulfil" and "far be It"
for "God forbid" seem superfluous.
The chief value of all the amendatlons
of the authorized version that do not
deal with actual mistranslations Is that
they show by contrast its superiority.
After their moment of novelty the re
visions sink Into obscurity. The au
thorized version came at the right time
and found the language ready. The few
antiquated words add tho touch of ven
erablenesa.
The Commander of the Oregon,
Washington Post.
Clark Is the model of the fighting cap
tain who speaks through tho medium of
his deeds and asks for no plaudits or
apostrophes. Clark Is the kind of man
upon whose testimony the country will
base Its verdict.
Quick Clinngcs.
Providence Journal.
Changes come quickly In our rapid coun
try. The person "who but a few years
ago was hailed by his followers as the
Boy i Orator of the Platte Is now for the
same people an Old Man of the bea.
Some Nightmares.
Josh Wink. In Baltimore American.
The nlcht I ate Welsh rarebit,
I saw McKinley smile.
.And clasp the hand of Bryan.
And squeeze It for a while.
Then" Bryan told McKinley.
As soon as he could speak:
"I'll boom you In my paper,
"With one full pace next week."
The nlzht I ate Welsh rarebit,
J. Plerpont Morgan came
And sang In soulful accents
None else but Shaffer's name.
Ho called for Mr. Shaffer.
And said: "Oh. Shaffer, please
Take each cent of my fortune
And raise all salaries."
The night I ate Welsh rarebit
I saw Tom Upton write:
"I would not win with Shamrock
Not even If X rolffht."
And all the New York Yacht Club
Sang: "We will never float
Another cu? defender
Unless it's Lawson's boat."
The nlzht I ate Welsh rarebit
I heard Maclay and Lons
And Crownlnshleld and Sampson
All singing this glad song:
"At Santiago's battle
The greatest man was Schley"
And then the old alarm clock
Set up Its morning cry.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Hereafter no section of his country will
be noted as a- health resort fr anarchists.
Even the Diamond Match Company can
not make light ot the preduct of Its Wg
rival.
Denmark will have to dust those Isl
ands and get them ready far the holiday
trade.
G rover Cleveland Is also getag hunting
In Colorado It raquires big guns to hunt
big game.
Picking a winner in the yacht race Is
almost as uncertain as which shew the
pea Is under.
The Sunday school superintendents will
not begin to quote attemlanee statistics
for two months yet.
Those people you meet attired Ins an
expression, of intense relief have Just re
turned from their vacations.
Now doth the npple. blushing red.
Tempt not the youth to swipe.
Because It's very plentiful
And also fully ripe.
If the Emperor of Germany wanted to
punish Prince Chun why did he not make
him listen to "The Iron Tooth?"
The Sultan doesn't look for trouble, but
trouble Is continually prowling about hla
palace with a lantern In Its hand.
"I can't tell why I love you, but I do."
So sang a youth to whom young love was new.
The maid he sang to answered him: "I won't
Inform you why I love you, for I don't.'"
Minister Wu 13 going to London, and
Edward must prepare to give up statistica
as to his age. salary and his ability to
hold his Job.
No longer In the lurid sky
The blazing sun shall burn.
To torture us poor mortals now
It's
Jack
Frost's
turn.
Manila 13 to be provided with trolley
lines. This solves what might have been
the troublesome problem .of how to dis
pose of the city's surplus population.
The yellow journals are already arrang
ing to interview King Edward on how
he felt the day he saw the America's
cup carried ashore from the Shamrock II.
I know a little fellow.
And he says such things
As no little fellow ought to.
When
tho
school
bell
rings.
Judging from the elegant appearance at
the new chairs just obtained by the fur
Judges of the State Circuit Court, Ex
Judge Hennessy no longer has the honor
of having been the only Portland Judge
who ever did business In. a 540 chair.
Welcome, happy clays of Autumn,
Not because the skle are blue.
Nor because the field and forest
Are bedecked In gala hue.
Though for such unstinted favors
We should welcome you a few;
Still we're happiest to see you.
For we know we aro through
With the idiot who asks us. '
"Is It hot enough for you?"
It Is not often that a fond young couple
will repeatedly expose themselves to the
ridicule of hundreds of people for the
pleasure of a. kiss, but such Is the caae
with a young man and a young woman
who part a few momenta before 7 o'clock
each morning at a prominent Philadelphia.
corner, according'' to a local account, "fti
young man Is a tall, handsome fellow,
who seems to think there la no prize In
the world half so fine as the little woman
who clings affectionately to his side. They
Invariably stop at the corner for a few
moments' chat before parting, and the
sad look on both their faces Is almost
enough to break the Iceman's heart.
When it is nearly time for the whistle to
blow the young man takes his darling
tenderly In his arms and plants on her
pretty lips a long, lingering kiss. Numer
ous remarks, euch as "Oh, Baby," and
"Does you lub your honey?" are cast at
the couple from the mill windows, but do
not seem to affect the young man's nerva
in the least.
Mosby's guerrillas are to reunite for the
eighth time at Warrenton, Pa., on Septem
ber 14. "It Is understood," Victor Smith
says, "that Baron von Massow's bequest,
which, starting at 5200,000. soon got to 52,
000.000. will come up for consideration and
'the manner of its equitable distribution
be decided upon. No pensions! Is thq
cry. Those old roosters want the money
In a lump sum. and want it now. Soma
of them haven't much time to enjoy it.
It is requested that all members of tho
command In good standing Inform Dr.
John R. Sowers if they expect to be pres
ent. This Dr. Sowers Is the husband
of sweet Fanny Smith, the war-time belle
of Virginia, with whom General Martin,
T. McMahon. Judge of general sessions,,
was desperately In love. The General,
then on Sedgwick's staff, proposed to re-
sign nis coniniMsiuu miu i......,, ..- .
mother and her brother to Europe, there
to remain until the end of the conflict: '
but Fanny could not persuade herself ta
become the wife of a Union soldier. Judgd
McMahon remains a bachelor."
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAFHERS
"Was he on his knees when he proposed to
you?" "No. I wast" Life.
All the More Reason. She Let's sit out tha
next one. He Why, I thought you were tond
of dancing. She-I am.-Detrolt Free Press.
Mlsa Marie Corelll is to lecture before the
Edinburgh Philosophical Institution upon "The
Vanishing Gift" viz., imagination. London
Dally News.
Would Bo Draconian. "Who was It who said
he'd "rather make the songs than the laws of
tho country? I don't know, but I'd rather-
make the law3 for the people who make tha
songs nowadays." Philadelphia Press.
Almost Saw Her. "I think I haven't seen
you for more than a year." remarked the call
er, shaking hands with Tommy. "Nome. -,
said Tommy, "but I come mighty near seeing:
you down town the other day I saw some
body that looked almost exactly like you.
Chicago Tribune.
Doctor Well. Johnnie, don't you feel better
since I gave you the medicine? Johnnie Yes;
I forgot all about being HI. Doctor That's
what 1 thoughts and It wasn't hard to take,
was It? Johnnie Well. It was rather, for It
took two of us boys to hold Carlo while wo
gave It to him. Tlt-Blts.
An Opportunity. "Supposing I give you your
supper," said the tlred-looklng woman, "what
will you do to earn It?" "Madam." said
Meandering Mike. "I'll give you do opportunity
of seeln a man go t'roo a whole meal wlt'out
ilndln fault wit a single flng." The woman
thought a. minute, and then toW him to come
in ar.d she'd set the table. Washington Star.
Not Convinced. Male Guest You must ad
roit one thing. Though American women can
not vote, they are well taken care of. Mrs.
Strongmlnd They are. are they? Male Guest
Um! You never see any bent-up old women
here. Mrs. Strongmlnd No; when women be
come too old to be offered seats In street-ears,
they get straightened out hanging to straps.
New York Weekly.
George's Duplicity. "Did George write to
you every day while he was traveling around?"
"Yes, every day." "What regularity!" "Yes.
But I discovered that every one of the letters
was written here In his office before he start
ed, and all he had to do was to drop one In
the poatoKlce wherever he obaneed to be."
"And how did you find that out?" "The V
In his ofSce typewriter Is broken." Cleveland
J' Plain Dealer.