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THE MORNING OBEGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST .21; 1901.
from the Taxpayers' League, and much
has been done by the Circuit Judges
particularly by Judge Cleland. These
reforms, all of which are reasonable,
"were long overdue.
JS2f"a2Arfi "R-EATHER-Maximum tem
perature. (K; minimum. 52; fair.
rT(S5ATHER-:Pr0-,aW" ialr- -?r.
northwesterly winds.
PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, AUG. 21.
.
LAW FOR THE TRUSTS.
' ?, ffs uratioa and magnitude, the
teel strike has -already made inevitable
i?trocIuctln of regulative measures
J in Congress, and made probable the
t autment of some of ihem to law
JT there were no widespread sympathy
with the strikers, there is political
strength enough in the ranks of organ
ized lafeer to insure lively motions in
their ostensible behalf from every pro
fessional champion of "the toiling
masses." We shall have proposals for
constitutional amendment fnr- nr,i
ory arbitration, for National labor
commissions and for prohibition and
punishment of monopoly.
It is hard to see which of these plans
is best, and quite unprofitable to spec
ulate as to which will obtain the favor
of our disinterested and inscrutable
Congress. The worst plan is reason
ably certain .not to be the least likely
of adoption. To begin with, few
schemes are more attractive than com
pulsory arbitration. For this there are
many reasons, chief of them being that
compulsory arbitration is a contradic
tion in terms and a thing impossible.
Its qualifications are therefore indis
putable for approval by those minds
that lo. to orevel in such ennobling
ideas aaihe salvation nf smoriMr, i
bor OfrousK high, tariff, the kind of
yreoan Tnat leads to free trade, and
lhe enthronement of the gold standard
Without "prejudice to silver.
Ml constitutional amendments several
Exposals are Jn the air. First in status
is the one already considprAfl in tno.
Fifty-sixth Congress, and voted upon
in the House of Representatives on the
1st day of June, 1900. The measure
providedr
Congress shall have power to define, regu
late, prohibit or diwsoive trusts, monopolies
or combinations, whether existing in the form
of trusts or otherwise. The teveral states
ma continue to exercise such power In any
manner not in conflict with the laws of the
Xnited States.
"Cpon the resolution pnm-!n! tiito
amendment there were 154 ayes all
Bepubllcans, and 132 nays, of which 130
were Democrats and Populists. The
resolution lacked the necessary two
thirds of the House, and consequently
failed to pass. The Republicans made
much to d about their heroic assault
on the trust, and the Democrats hooted
back charges of buncombe as to which
were correct it Is unnecessary, at this
distance of tlme and in view of the
thermometer, tobecome anxious.
Among all the plans suggested, per
haps no better one has appeared than
6ne offered by Mr. Charles Francis
Adams in a letter to the New York
Evening Post. He proposes a Federal
commission which shall hav nowr tn i
summon before it both parties to a
labor controversy and require them to
present their side of the case in its
strongest light Upon the hearing the
'-ummission is to render a decision,
4 trusting to public sentiment for enforce
ment of the decree. The usual device
of applications to be filed by one of the
parties to the controversy is aban
d hed in favor of a command laid upon
me commission to take the initiative it
self. We shall be unreasonable enough to
stand by this plan of Mr. Adams, not
f jr any great achievement it seems to
promise, but because of his wise for
bearance in avoiding the visionary and
impossible, and for his rare apprehen
sion at the force of public opinion.
There are no grim penalties to be Im
posed upon labor or capital, which
would be as impossible of enforcement
as was the English law prescribing
capital punishment for the theft of 15
shillings. Mr. Adams trenchantly says
ttat if public sentiment cannot enforce
a decree in settlement of a strike, then
a Federal commission itself, armed
with whatsoever power, cannot He
hrlds that the powerful force of public
opinion is superior to statutes, and that
it is In reality the living, breathing
thing that alone makes law, in a pop
ular government effective. So h bnld- I
2y offers to throw this decree of his
Federal commission upon public opin
ion for Its enforcement, and estimates
Its power to be great enough to com
pel each party to present its case in the
first place, and to abide by the decision
- the end. The man who talks like
this creates unimpeachable presump-t-ve
evidence that whatever he pro
poses is all right Mr. Adams can have
our support for a perpetual motion ma
chine or a railroad to Mars.
LIGHT OX THE WOOLEN 3IILLS.
Fancy the woolen manufacturers
advocating a reduction In duties on
their wares! Yet just this they are do
ing, if one can believe reports from
Massachusetts that are accounted
trustworthy. This is not what we are
accustomed to. The astute manipu
lators who had their will with the Dem
ocratic tariff tinkers of 1S34 elucidated
a highly diverting programme free
wool and protected woolens, free lum
ber and protected furniture, free hides
and protected shoes. Such has hitherto
been the philanthropic notions enter
tained by the same and kindred inter
ests touching tariff reform in the twen
tieth century. But a change see.ms to
be coming over the woolen miller's
dream. He wants free wool so badly
that he will undertake to abide free
woolens.
The way he proposes to go about it Is
lu o:a tor tne support of the wool
grower. If the farmer and stockman
can be persuaded that free wool is good
for the grower, the thing Is as good
as done. The arguments he offers are
at once Ingenious and Impressive. "We
have grown familiar here In nrPtmn
with the assertion that the' duty on
wool hurts the grower, because it nar
rows his market throuerh Mieniirn mo
ment of shoddy and cotton. It has
found readier acceptance here than
elsewhere because our Oregon growers
have been in the front rank of enlight
enment on the tariff. They have al
ways resisted the extreme demands of
the Ohio protectionists. This encour
agement of substitutes for wool falls
witn crushing force on the woolen mill
because it contracts its sales, while the
high cost of raw materials prevents
him from exporting to the foreign mar
kets. While the average consumption
of raw wool from 1&91 to 1805 Inclusive
was 402,300,000 pounds a year, from 1896
to 1900 inclusive the average consump
tion was only 453,150,000tpounds a year.
ICo business Is more densely hidden
under a web of technicalities than is
tne woolen industry; and in many of
these details the tariff on raw w6ol Is
said to operate with great disadvan
tage. It is said not only to restrict the
market but to induce such carelessness
on tne part of the grower that he sac
rifices most of his advantages. The
bulk of the domestic wool supply comes
to the mills in very bad "shape, un
scoured and filled with dirt This
arises, no doubt, from the fact that the
scale upon which the sheep industry
is carried on in the West and Smith-
west, while it does not preclude care of
the fleece before and after shearing nr
careful breeding for wool, tends to sac
rifice quality to quantity. With wool
admitted free of duty, the clean and
finely grown wools of Australia would
force the grower to pay more attention
to quality or stand the loss. And In
fact the neglect in breedlncr anri in rnr-
ing for the fleece has forced th imnnr.
tation of much more foreign wool than
the tariff rate would iustlfv if .
sheepraisers wanted to take full ad
vantage of the opportunity and supply
the mills with good, clean, home-grown
wools.
Perhaps the most impressive of all
the mill's complaints is its rising am
bition for foreign markets and its un
rest under its present deprivation. Here,
then, is another Infant industry feeling
its growing pains, another pnHot nf
New World production losing the film
from its eyes and growing quill feath
ers on Its wings. Giye us free wool,
the mills say. and we can nut our tmnrta
into Europe just as the locomotive and
implement men are doing today, and we
won't ask any tariff to nrntont us
either. Probably a string of more or
less cohesiveness will be found at
tached to this offer of free trade in
woolens. But if it is made, it michr
be well to take the mills at their word.
Under present conditions the wool
grower is not apt to be seriously afraid
that any change in tariffs will be for
the worse. But if he gives up protec
tion for his wool he doesn't want pro
tected woolens.
boy or his parents? is a pertinent one
just here, and to it there can be but
oneanswer. He. fresh from the debas
ing Influence of the all-night country
dance, dazed with the whisky that he
had there imbibed, and perhaps a thirst
for another drink, or they who had been
sleeping the sleep of the indifferent
and irresponsible, while these influences
or destruction were at work upon the
physical, mental, and moral nature of
their boy? There is no effect without)
cause, and truly the cause In this in
stance is not far to seek.
V
A RATIONAL REFORM.
The establishment of roof gardens is
suggested as a rational reform de
manded by the fearfullv r?PRtrurH-f
heat waves that break over the cities
of the Atlantic seaboard and the Mid
dle West That is to say, a reform in
American architecture Is suggested that
will utilize the roofs of city houses for
a retreat from the furnace heat of the
street and the rooms of the great build
ings. "Instead Of bUlldfnir slfv-swan.
ers." says a Boston paper, "we should
have sky-facers," adding: "Let us
put an end by statute to the erection
or any building more than six stories
high, and require that in all cases the
roof be readily reached, so that it may
be utilized for recreation and sleep."
This probably refers to the tenement
district, more especially since it is fur
ther said that the women rnuTrf rin oil
their work except possibly washing
on the housetops; babes "could get fresh
air, and the sick escape the torture
of rooms where ventilation is impossi
ble. It Is evident that the architecture of
our great cities was not designed with
an outlook toward the comfort of the
enormously congested" population of
modern municipalities. The commodi
ous roofs, surrounded by strong para
pets and covered by awnings, which
coum oe stored in Winter, 'would do
much to solve for the perspiring masses
who are hived in tenement buildings
xne prooiem of fresh air during the
stifling weeks in which it is not possible
to secure it in the heated rooms below.
It should be beyond the compelling
power of philanthropy to compass a.
reform of this kind in the construction
of hives for housing the working people
wt me Hat ciues. .From the first
the struggle of man has been with thfe
elements. If he has not succeeded in
ngnting successfully the discomforts of
extreme heat and cold in civilizpfl com
munities, this dereliction must be
charged against his thoughtlessness or
parsimony rather than against his in
telligence or ingenuity. Since first of
all things human beings must breathe,
air space should be provided for them.
The development of parks in great
cities is in line with this idea, and since
there are thousands who cannot reach
these retreats from the stifling heat of
the down-town or manufacturing dis
tricts, the, roof, garden suggests relief
for them that may well be designated
a rational reform."
negro's birthright; the right to vote is
not a birthright of any man; It Is a
question of social and political ex
pediency. The Governor of Illinois
was appealed to. but refused to inter
fere and obliged the Sheriff of Melrose
Park to do his duty. The colored men
of Ohio, who represent .some 25,000 vot
ers, vigorously protested against the ac
tion Of the G. A. R of that stntA in
attempting to draw the color line on
public occasions. The negrophobia of
the North is mean and contemptible
compared with that of the South, for
the Democratic Mnvnr nf tho nttv nf
Vicksburg. Miss.,, recently accepted an
invitation to preside at a larce meetintr
of whites who were addressed by a
graduate of Tuskegee (Ala.) Institute
on "The White South's Opportunity and
the Negro's New Duties," The Mayor,
in the speech with which heopened
the meeting, said: tx
I may say unreservedly that the younS-man
who is educated under the tutelage of Booker
T. Washington is a man who looks facts m
the face as they exist, a man who 13 broad in
intellect. Who is not nlfnrtorl hv m ,.:..
j .v, 1-il.JU-
A full report of the black man's
speech was published in the leading
newspaper of the city, which commend
ed it to the perusal of all "as. a most
creditable mental $. product," and de
clared that "ine lessons sought to be
taught, the ine of thoueht follow.
we deem worthy of the utmost favor
ana sympathy
WHAT THE TRUST DOES.
The Independent.
io?r soclallsm about the middle of the
utn century began to assume definiteness
as an economic and political programme,
and to command a measure of popular at
tention, Its realization seemed to conserva-
uvuimuus to De torbidden by those deep
instincts of human nature which crave
the utmost freedom for individual enter
prise. It did not happen to occur to the
conservative minds of 1850 that by 1901 in
dividual enterprise, without any help from
socialism, would have built a gigantic
wall around the vast world of industrial
opportunity and locked itself not in but
"Uli u"- ioou tne animal that "looks be
fore and after" had not looked after very
far, nor before to much purpose. Thanks
to Mr. Darwin nnrf Vic nntitmno.)or. .u
vision backward has been prolonged, but
the outlook ahead Is still foreshortened.
Perhaps we are as much In the dark to
day about the future of Individual oppor
tunity as were the men of 1S50.
But, even if we are. it is well to ob
serve the direction of such tendencies as
we can see. The unexpected may head
them off. and thn npnin it -moV .rt
What if the unexpected this time should
be the unhindered flow of the tendencies
that just now are bearing business, poll
tics and social "swelldom" into new and
startling relations?
Ono of these tendencies is converting
the great middle class, which so long has
been regarded as more stable than the
everlasting hills, from a class of employ
ers Into a class of employes. The middle
Cla9S includes farmnrs. trnrlpsTrion nnrl
manufacturers on a small scale. All these
RATHER SERIOUS, IF TRUE.
rni-. o..i. j ij..
wj ...t,j. j.i.c ouuui, uespite '"uiawuiHa uii u. biiuui scaie. ah inese
its mob murders, is gradually growing have been regarded, and have regarded
more rational and humane in its treat- themselves. as sympathizing on the whole
more rational and humane in its treat
ment of the race question than its old
critic, the North.
The credit for the saving of $85,000 a
year in the administration of the af
fairs of Multnomah County Is distrib
utable, properly, among several de
scriptions of our citizens. Th hasis nf
it If? fllA lAPsllnTJ nf 4T i-noc-U- ;
o-- . v. -"G JJGMiUU UJ. yKCiiS, CV1U13UUC SUU1U1CUI. IU UUilVlUt UUU
last Winter, carried through by the send them to the penitentiary,, the
vicbuuvu .scut, tu cue j-resiBiu.Lure'.irom action or tne superior u:ourty
THE CAUSE XOT PAR TO SEEK.
The story that comes from Vancouver
of a boy of 1G years, who was plied
with liquor at a country dance a few
miles from that place, Saturday night,
and is now in jail chare-pd with hnr.
glary of the circumstances of which, as
he asserts, he has no recollection, is a
tale that arraigns the parents and the
citizens of Clark County generally upon
a crime of far greater magnitude than
mac or wnicn the boy is charged the
crime of Indifference to the influence
that surrounds their boys and of fail
ure to discharge an Important duty
oi. ciuzensnip. There is upon the
statutes of the State of Washington a
law forbidding, under proper penalty,
the sale or gift of intoxicating liquors
to minors. Why is this lnw - a
forced? Simply because public senti
ment is lax and parental responsibility
is at a low ebb. Why primarily Is a
lad of immature years permitted to go
to a dance of the type that turns those
who attend it out at an early hour
Sunday morning, Irresponsible from
drink, faticrue and Inss nf ciocn. v.
'moral sense blunted in every way, the
jjucKec empty, and the appetite calling
for further stimulant? Why but be
cause parents are criminally derelict
In their duty and fail utterly to throw
the common safeguards nf nanannv
around their young sons and daugh
ters? The writer had occasion tn cn o
recent Sunday In one of the river ham
lets of Clark County. Utterly disre
garding the Sunday-closing law and the
law that forbids purveyors of liquors to
sell or give drink to minors, or even
to allow them to visit their places of
juametos. tne saioon in this place was
kept open all day, and no doubt the
greater portion of the night, the ren
dezvous of men and boys of all ages,
while toward midnight th Rhrfptc nf
a hysterical woman trying to induce
her half-drunken husband to go home
their little boy a witness of the scene
burdened the air for an hour, inciting
the derisive laughter and jeers of "the
crowd."
Is it any wonder that where public
sentiment is so dead as to permit the
enactment of scenes of this kind, In di
rect defiance of law. three hnvs
have been arraigned within a year be
fore the courts of Vancouver the
county seat and trade center of the
county ior crimes or grave magni
tude, or that one of these youthful of
fenders is now doing time in the peni
tentiary at Walla Walla, while the
others await in jail, with, as now ap
pears, evidence sufficient to convict and
IWWISE ECONOMY.
The Philadelphia Ledsrer. In nlMdinc-
the cause of the privates in the United
States Army as that of brave men en
gaged in an honorable vocation, says:
The War Department, in conducting military
operations, should be very careful to do noth
ing, which would cause an impression to gee
abroad 'that it considers any part of the ser
vice inferior front the standpoint of dignity
and honor. . . . ,It is to be regretted
that a mistake of this character has been
made by the officials in discontinuing the
cable reports of casualties among the troops
serving in the Philippines. Economy is the
motive which Is snld tn hnv. ,. .i .,..
-" .... ftUltUJUU liltj
..i department in taking this action, nnd
had there been no distinctions made in the
matter in all probability there would have
been little or no public criticism. But a dis
tinction was made. The order discontinuing
cabled reports of casualties, it appears, ap
plies to privates only: the names of officers
who have died of disease, befen killed or
wounded, are still sent over the wires.
That journal Is right in estimating
that a discrimination of this character
cannot but be displeasing to the Ameri
can people. Whatever distinctions be
tween men and officers is made neces
sary in life by the requirements of mil
itary discipline, it is well said that
death Is a leveler of official rank, and
it is unjust for the authorities to keep
relatives and friends of a nrivnto imnr.
ant of his death until a letter can reach
them, while those of a commissioned
officer are promptly notified hv mniP-
There are places in which necessary
and commendable ecenomy may be
practiced without grating harshly upon
the feeling that makes one mother's
son as good as another's in death. It
may be added that discrimination of
this kind will have a tendency to sub
due the spirit of patriotism in homes,
which It is the dutv and RhmiM v.Q fh
pride of the Government to cherish and
foster. Hence, the discontinuance of
the cable reports of casualties to pri
vates and noncommissioned nfflpw in
the Philippines cannot be regarded by
the American people as a wise or
proper exercise of the virtue of economy.
Here is the way the United States
Investor, a Boston financial publication,
puis tne case of the great steel strike:
A sound economic policy would dictate that
each party to the contract act with the moat
scrupulous fairness towards the other party
Capital in this particular case. however
starts in with tho presumption In all minds
that it does not Intend to act fairly. oi
instance tho capitalization of the United
States Steel Corporation has been so ex
cessively inflated that the conviction cannot
do avoided that fair hniin.a
not bo earned on this capitalization year in
"",. i . 7L uunout depriving the labor In
voked in the production of steel of its fair
and economic proportion of the product.
This touches a. vital point. The pro
digious quantity of "water" in the cap
italization of the steel trust is a men
ace not only to labor, but also to hon
est capital. lionest capital is as justly
entitled to reward as is honest labor,
"UL watered" stock is dishonest and
iidrmiui in all its relations. It repre
sents no assets whatever, yet claims a
full share in the proceeds of operation.
It rides upon the back of honest in
vestment in money and labor. It is
made the means by which unscrupu
lous schemers take an undue share of
ine proceeds of Industry. If it were
not for that great offense of the steel
trust there would be less sympathy
witii Liie amalgamated Association in
the present strike. If there be no check
to. the greed of organized capital in this
objectionable form, we are in a bad
way.
Newspapers whose sympathies are on
the side of the great steel trust make
but a sickly effort when they try to
moralize against men who have joined
the strike, yet had signed an agreement
lu juin no union, it Is apparent that no
such agreement as this can have any
validity in morals or- in law. It was
extorted under duress; for no man vol
untarily abandons his right to join
any association, of to limit his freedom
vi action, -rue trusts try to make men
their serfs or dependents; aTid so they
insist when they can on acceptance by
the men of these conditions ofWvitude
And then the organs of the trusts ml
voke a hypocritical and spurious mor
ality for support or enforcement of the
claim. It may not heat tho. rian k
it is a close imitation of his policy.
With Capital. With a hie- r? rathPr hon
with Labor, with a big L,. They have
been conducting Independent business en
terprises which they have owned, and In
which they have employed subordinates.
What more natural than that they should
complacently think of themselves as be
longing to the happy pack of upper dogs,
at whom the unhappy under dogs might
snarl and snan. but would hnrriiv rm tn
But now has come the Trust. The small
manufacturers it has absorbed, and con
verted Into employes pure and simple. The
tradesmen and the farmers It Is convert
ing into dependents, by practically ab
sorbing the economic rent of land and op
portunity not less effectually. If less open-
i.v, mini me -cngusn or tne Irish landlord
absorbed it from his tenants. In the pres
ent generation the middle class mav not
fully comprehend its changed position but
the revolution it is undergoing will be
made clear enough to the ambitious bovs
as they attempt to make new places in
life for themselves. Instead of carving
out Independent business careers, as their
fathers did before them, they must go
into the employ of corporations as sal-
aneu dependents.
What will be the effect of this mighty
revolution upon the attitude of the middle
class toward the questions of socialism
and of individualism? It is all very well
to say that business cannot be conducted
"on the town meeting plan" if you hap
pen to be an Independent business man,
and prospering well enough to lay by a
snug sum every year. But when your
business has been remorselessly crushed,
and when the combination that lias
"walked over you" mafrnanlmouslv elves
you a job at so much a month and
"mind you obey orders" well, that's an
other story! Possibly you would just as
soon work for a "town meeting" as to
work for a "general manager," who is not
at all likely to ask you to drop around to
his club, and whose wife, It Is absolutely
certain, will never invite you and your
y.uu iu dinner.
The middle class has never yet voted
with Labor, with a big L. But when the
"trusts" and the "magnates" have
crushed every bu&iness and social ambi
tion of the middle class, will the middle
oiuss continue to vote with Capital, with
a bis C?
Another tendency worth observing is
that which is changing the relative mag-
"iiuu uj. me -Dig- ana tne "small
business enterprises and grouping the big
ones in a very distinct class by them
selves. A business that employs a capi
tal of half a million dollars is no longer
"big." To be "big" it must grow up to
at least 510,000,000, and aspire to $50 000,000
or ?100,000,000. The small business enter
prises are still in manv in.dt.onr nnrf
may continue to be, conducted by individ
uals or partnerships.
"Rllf" n Tiv ifn.n
Henrv A pa0i ,,! , . s1". tney are no longer Independent In the
mna -L !8ffi- adltr 0f the Post- W-ahlonea sense of the word. They
office Department, has proceeded far
diuumi wun nis annual report to be
able to say that the Increase in postal
receipts for the present year will ex
ceed $7,000,000. Not having yet re
ceived all the returns of the last quar
ter, the exact amount of the increase is
not yet known. Careful estimates, how
ever, show that the postal receipts this
year will be at least $111,000,000. In
1890 they were only $60,000,000. Thus
an increase of nearly 50 per cent in ten
years is shown.
v if e "c&"-l-"-ilv"" liuu ul me oupenur uouru niblt him from working for a living, accented an inv
Multnomah. Suggestions of value came The question, Who has sinned; this j The hght to earn his bread is Sfe openTS address "
THE CONTAGIOX OP CRUELTY.
Seven years ago, when a negro was
burned at Paris, Tex., the whole coun
try was moved by the announcement,
and it was made the subject of extend
ed comment by European journals and
magazines; but burnings have become
so frequent as to no longer excite more
than passing attention. The chief rea
son for this disagreeable fact is that
tne North has been silenced, so far as
the South Is connprnpri nv v. 4.
negro-burnings of its own-in Kansas
-U1U14UU. an" .inaiana. The recent
negro-burnings in Alabama and. Georgia
were marked by no more barbarity in
details than the Terre Haute burning
in Indiana a few months past. The two
sections are on a level in the matter
of inhuman mob murders; the Northern
pot is too black to jeer at the color
of the Southern kettle. To speak
frankly, in the South there are signs
or a growing spirit of tolerance, mod
eration and control. in Georgia, the
ouutuern people under the most severe
provocation controlled their passions
and permitted the. law to take its
course on two recent. occasions. The
most-respected citizens no longer par
ticipate In these lawless affairs. But
at the North not only is Hip nnnt.iP-inn
of cruelty spreading, but there is clear
1 ly in the great states of Illimnis nnct
Ohio .an increase of that deadly race
prejudice whose worst exhibition
is found in the horrible antics of a
brutal white mob.
The industrial ostracism which the
negro faces at the North, as illustrated
by the refusal of an Illinois Sheriff to
protect colored men entering the state
for the purpose of earning their bread,
is a far more serious bar to the ad
vance of the race than the political
ostracism which exists at the South!
The South says that the negro is not
fit to be a voter, but It does not pro
hibit him from working for a living,
Naval service, too, it seems, Is being
recruited from the ranks of temper
ance. Of the 438 men and boys' on the
training-ship Monongahela, now in
ixew xoric narbor, 291 are total ab
stainers. This means a naval equip
ment strong in all that goes to make
up manly men courage, self-control
and physical effectiveness. In full
command of themselves, these men will
be able to command others, and in com
ing years will be found at the head of
the list of effective men who man the
Nation's ships.
The Toronto Globe advises Canada
not to accept any gifts of libraries from
Carnegie. The Globe says that Canada
is a very rich country, where the aver
age individual wealth is greater than
that In the United States. If libraries
are desired there is abundant money to
build and support them. Towns that
need, libraries should . provide them.
Towns which do not see the need of
libraries should be above spending
Carnegie's money for what seems to
tnem a needless and extravagant pur
pose.
Pay-day at Fort Shwidan ha
14th' Inst., was celebrated by the sol
diers with gambling and drinking at
the HIghwood saloons. At roll-call In
the evening 36 men were missing, and
58 in the gUardhOUSP for rlrnnlrfmnocc
A similar condition of drunkenness pre
vailed on pay-day at Vancouver Bar
racks. Between Vancouver and Port
land there was at least one drunken
soldier to every mile, and In some
places they could be found in groups,
like skirmishers.
The attempt to establish woman suf
frage in Alabama by a clause in the
new constitution has failed. The con
stitutional convention adopted, by a
vote of 65 to 45. a motion to nermit
I women residing in cities and paying
taxes on $500 worth of real estate to
vote on questions of municinalities in
curring debt or issuing bonds. But on
tne loiiowing day this action was re
considered, and the proposal was de
feated by an overwhelming vote.
Vice-President Roosevelt is adver-
are either dependent upon the great cor
poratlons, or in some way tributary to
mum. xne great corporations are neces
sarily managed by agents. All that in
tensely personal motive which formerly
went into the building up of business rep
utations and "old-established houses" has
disappeared. Here, then, is a possible line
of division between a field for individual
ism and a field for socialism. A genera
tion ago. When there was nrarMnnllv nr.
such thing as a business worth more
than ?l,00O,CO0, the social ownership of cap
ital would necessarily have meant tho
extinction of individual business. But to
day, If all the capital of the great corpo
rationsyclept the trusts should bo "so
cialized," there could still be left to the
Individual a field of opportunity as big as
individualism has ever enjoyed in its most
flourishing days. What, then, If some- I
body should propose a compromise be
tween socialism and individualism, per
mitting the individual to accomplish what
ever he can with a canitnl of snv not
more than $5,000,000, and converting Into
social enterprises all undertakings employ
ing capital In greater amounts?
"Ah, yes; but," the conservative man
will say, "look at the rottenness of our
city governments, at the Imbecility of our
state governments, and at the slow,
clumsy pottering of our National Adminl
Istratlon. Can the great business of the
world be done by any such machinery?"
And the answer, of course, Is that it can
not be. But right here appears the sig
nificance of the third present tendency to
wnicn we would call attention. Every
where tho people are waking up as never
before in the history of the human race
to me imperativeness and the Immeasur
able Importance of civic duty. The re
form of state and municipal administra
tion has not yet progressed far, but tho
universal interest In its possibilities, and
the magnificent work that is being accom-
pusnea Dy tnose wno are marshaling tho
forces, give certain promise of great
achievements in the future. In these re
forms lies the whole question of the prac
ticability of a juster and nobler social
system than that which we enjoy today.
Tho municipal problem is the practical
problem of the whole human race at this
moment. It contains within itself every
possibility of a more Just distribution of
wealth, of a wider ODDortunitv for ovorv
ambitious individual. If the municipal
problem can be solved the problem of a
relative economic equality and the prob
lem of a relative social equality can be
solved also. If the municipal nrnhipm i
insoluble, republics are a failure and "lib
erty, equality and fraternity" will never
be attained by the humtin race.
Wake up then and be a Citizen, In order
that you also may be a Man!
San Francisco Bulletin.
Vflmr nnuli t.. !.- !-. - - J
v-.jr tonj m uiB uiaivry ol ins uuraiu- i
4auiiuon oi ine omce ot president ot tno ( ing.rain.
wumtwi jrauiit company inaries .At.
Hays was made the recipient of a banquet
at the hands of the Manufacturers' and
r-roaucers' Association, of San Francisco.
Each of the speakers on the occasion
alluded to Mr. Hays in flattering terms,
and a pleasing, harmonious atmosphere
of cord!al welcome pervaded the conviv
ialities. The last speaker of the evening
was General W. H. L. Barnes, who In"
thoughtful mood imitated the Roman
who walked at the chariot wheel of a
conqueror, who had been accorded by
the Senate a triumphal entry Into Rome,
with the admonition, "Remember that
tnou art mortal."
General Barnes cautioned the new pres
ident of the Southern Pacific Company
not to be too far deceived with the
demonstrative good-will which had been
so manifest since his arrival In the city
of San Francisco. The Demosthenes of
the Pacific took occasion to say:
"It gratifies me, gentlemen, to observe
iuul iux. xiays- coming has calmed all
the storms in our commercial and Indus
trial atmosphere. He has been received
with a cordiality creditable to us and
gratifying, if not flattering, to him. But.
men and brethren hnw tr.no- io hi, .,
dition to last? The prophet of evil per
forms an ungracious task; but I will not
resist the temptation of admonishing the
new president of the Southern Pacific
Company that the dead calm which sur
rounds us may be the precursor of a
storm which may ultimately break upon
his devoted head. It is all serene now,
because his administration Is too young
lu "ve Deen guilty of any acts of dis
obedience to the commands of the San
Francisco press. "Whiip ho iistpno tn nil
suggestions, gives hospitable welcome to
all Instructions, accords polite acquies
cence to all interference in his policy, he
will be praised as a very prince of good
fellows and as a veritable Napoleon, in
railroad administration: but the time will
come and It is not far distant. I fear
wnen he may find It necessary to draw
the bold outlines of an Independent pol
icy. Let me warn him that this self
respecting and Independent nollcv win h
resented as an impeachment of the judg
ment of all those who have advised him.
and as treason to the flattering proffer of
friendship on the part of all those who
have extended him the glad hand of wel
come. Then the heavens will he hnmr
in black. There will be blood on the moon;
and if he does not arrive at that unfor
tunate mental condition In which he will
naturally wish he had not been born,
he will at least reach that condition in
which he will have reason to wish that
the achievement of tho nrostrtonnv nr tha
Southern Pacific Company had not been
ono of the decrees of his unfortunate des
tiny." There Is no reason to doubt that these
expressions wero thp rocnn- nt o -i-oy-,.
high prevision on the pan of the orator
who delivered them. The morning press
of this city has declared that he is dis
satisfied with his position, and whether
this be true or not. he certainly has rea
son to be dissatisfied with the constant,
persistent and malignant spirit of med
dlesomeness which has beset his admin
istration from tho day of his induction
miu me oiuce no noius.
The provincialism of the San Francisco
press has been strongly manifested In its
treatment of the affairs of the Southern
Pacific Company. It has manufactured
rumors concerning the relations between
tho president of the company and his
staff, comprising the heads of depart
ments, which could have no other result
than to produce in the mind of the new
president of the Southern Pacific Com
pany the utmost disgust for this species
ot journalism.
Mr. Hays declared that he had come to
the Pacific Coast for tho purpose or
managing Its system of transportation
with due respect to both the rights of the
shipper and carrier; with a proper regard
for tho rights of all. and the conserva
tion of the revenues of the corporation by
which he was employed. But he was
not to be permitted to mnintnin thi (.nm
mendable, manly and dignified position.
The road was not to be permitted to as
sume a normal relation to the industrial
and commercial Interests of the people of
tne estate ot California. The busybodles
of the press vied with each other in flat
tering Mr. Hays, but accompanied that
flattery with Idle and Injurious gossip
concerning the affairs of the company, a
great deal of which related to inconsid
erable things. Their unoriginal and un-
invenuva malevolence moves on the low
plane of the village busybody, and could
have no other effect than that of pro
ducing in the mind of the new executlvo
the utmost feeling of aversion and dis
gust. After a long and most persistent season
of prediction as to the annolntmont .?
removal of officers, matters in which the
public has no concern whatever, these
tattling rumors have reached up to the
president himself, and their reiteration
is accompanied by a spirit so wanting
in respectful consideration as to be fitly
characterized as brutal.
If the people of California are indulging
the belief that these wldo departures
from the legitimate standards of honor
able journalism are not Interfering with
tne growth and development of the Clty
of San Francisco and the State of Califor
nia, they are self-deceived.
It Is a fair presumption that no self
respecting man of first-class ability will
seek or accept any administration in any
field of commercial activity In this state.
The brutality of metropolitan journalism
has driven self-resrectlncr mon nut nf
the field of politics. When it accomplishes
a like result for the commercial Inter
ests of tho state, it -cannot do otherwise
than inflict an injury upon the prosperity
of the state.
These are matters of serious import to
every man who owns a dollar of property
in the commonwealth.
X0TE AND COMMENT.
Captain Bob Evans perhaps went too
far in using his sailors' log for a batter-
Pugilist Fltzsimmorra, who is on the lec
ture platform, will no doubt make a very
striking talk.
King Edward is said to be badly In need
of rest, but there Is no ground for the
rumor that he 13 going to resign.
Now that J. P. Morgan has a new
grandchild, he will iarn what It Is to go
up against something ha cannot manage.
Let us hope that after all thesw speed
trials, the yachtsmen do not become so
up-to-date as to pull off a breezeless cup
race.
Governor Odell is demonstrating that
the Colonel Is not the only man who is
fit to be on deck during a strenuous I
squall. j
The City of New York might apply to
the Standard Oil Company foir a supply
of kerosene sufficient to exterminate Its
city government.
There are still one or two eminent law
yers who have not been engaged as coun
sel by Admiral Schley, but their ranks
are rapidly thinning.
A mail bag containing two shells has
been sent from Panama. PeopU at their
destination are advised not to bet their
money on either of them.
The fact that J. P. Morgan is going to
San Francisco as a delegate to the Eolsco-
pal convention Insures harmony to tho
deliberations of that body.
The time-honored custom of flipping a
quarter seems to be the only way satis
factorily to settle the conUst between tho
Columbia and the Constitution.
The Massachusetts cats, who eat cu
cumbers, are merely endeavoring to ac
quire manners as cdol as those of the rest
of the poDulatlon of tho state.
Tho new town of Lawton. in Oklahoma,
begins life with 60 saloons and threo
banks. The list of banks. howsYsr. would'
I be largely Increased by counting- irr the
faro variety.
Before any of the seething- Central
American states offer any affront to this
country It is likely that they wl!l gazo
at our fleet In the offing and bethink them
of the Maine.
Ah. well for old Demosthenes
That ho orates no mora;
Ah. well for Burke ana Chatham that
Their speaking days are o'er.
And Wendell PhUllpa. Henry Clay
And Daniel Webster, too.
If they were here today would feel
A bright and gaudy blue
The best and Rreatest orator
Of this or any ag
We'll hear when Bob Fitzelmmona goes
Upon the lecture stage.
The pastor of an African Methodist
church in Centerville, O., is credited with
a most remarkable and original Idea con
cerning the future life. Sunday night in
his sermon he flew directly in the face of
common belief as to tho part heat enacts
In the next world, and asserted that tho
temperature of heaven was S2C degraes
above zero, quoting the Bible to prove
his statement. He added that angels are
flames of fire, and saints will ba made
living fire, so they can live In the grat
heat.
"By the shining Lake of Klamath.
On theGrande Itonde Reservation,
In the Land of Umatilla,
la the County or the Slwaah.
In a hundred other countries.
Where the unwashed noble red man
Bask3 serenely in the sunshine.
There the lovely Indian maidens.
Gentle creatures of some ninety
Or a hundred Springs and Summers.
Spend Ions houri weaving baskets.
Of all sizes, Hhapes and colors
And degrees of laclc ot beauty.
For their eager paleface sisters,
"Who will pay therefor large prices.
Prices very, very fancy.
Breaking husbands up in business,
Hocking diamonds and pianos.
That they may possess some dozen
Of these fabrics of the Indians.
Which the same are neither pretty.
Rare nor curious, nor ancient.
Simply being Indian baskets.
Which sufliceth for their buyers."
Thus mused Henry Smith, the paleface
On his ranch by Klamath water.
By the shining Klamath water.
And so musing forth he wandered.
Gathered willow roots and tules.
Took his seven little children, v
Set them all to weaving baskets,
Which next month he carted
And now, Henry Smith, the paleface,
Owns a yacht and eke an auto,
And 13 thinking some ot going
Next election to the Senate.
McKInley Knows AH About Him.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
Sapp began openly violating the civil
service laws soon after his appointment
to the collectorshlp, but he has never been
in any danger of removal on that score.
If the President Is contemplating the Col
lector's removal now it is not because ot
nis old sins against the civil service, but
uecause ne nas set the Kepubllcans of
Kentucky by tho ears and has destroyed
the Republican party In Louisville.
tlsed In the Minnesota countrv nanprs
as the chief attraction at the coming
state fair. One of the advertisements
says: "Teddy, the idol alike of New
Tork reformers and Western plainsmen,
and one of the most-loved men in the
country, without respect to party, has
accepted an Invitation to make the
About Time.
New Tork 'journal.
The American people were taxed a cent
and a half a pound to establish a tin
plate industry for the benefit of American
labor. Then the manufacturers brought
over welsh workmen to make the tin
plate, on the ground that American work
men did not know how. Now the Welsh
workmen are out on strllrp thr mtlia nro
closed and the Steel Trust, which has ab
sorbed the Tinplate Trust, is importing
plates from Wales to fill its orders. Is it
not about time for that duty to come off?
Farmer Doing: Rlgrht "Well.
Chicago Post. .
In the larcre whpnt cmn tho TTnft-ol
States sees compensation for the partial
iuuure in corn, it may not oe much com
fort to the farmer who has grown little
or no wheat and planted largely of corn
to know that wheat is likely to bring a
good price; but the general effect will be
gratifying. Taken as a whole the year Is
not likely to prove bad for the farmer in
the United States.
A Mistake In Bnbcoclr.
Kalamazoo Gazette.
Congressman Babcock maintains that
it Is "'a part of the policy of protection
to protect the consumers.'. A grave mis
take has been made in Congressman Bab
cock.;. He is not a statesman. He is a
humorist-
Old lssti.es All Dead.
Omaha Bee.
Every Democratic state convention held
so far this year has either actually repu
diated the heresies of the past two Na
tional platforms or Ignored those fulmlna
tions entirely. In most Instances they
have elected to conduct the fight on state
Issues, leaving themselves In position, as
uouo.1, iu iu iu wun temporary expe
dients which have served Democracy in
tho place of a creed for several cam
paigns.
Bribery Docs Not "Work.
Washington Star.
If there ever was any Idea of quieting
the Filipinos by bribing their leaders its
impracticability Is now demonstrated. Ev
idently every time one leader was dis
posed of another would be certain to ap
pear with open palm.
TliEASAXTIHES OF PARAGRAPHED
"Don't you think Dachslc likes his new cel
lar. John?" "How tho deuce do you expeet
me to tell from here? Go out in the kitchen
and see if his tall Is wagging." Life.
"What is a fort?" asked a teacher. "A
place to put men In." was the answer. "What
Is a fortress, then?" Tho answer was prompt:
"A place to put women in." Tit-Bits.
His Usual Fate. Getthere Did you ever at-
tend any of Miss Budd's 'at-homes'? De
Bore (sadly) N-o. but I've attended a goodr
many of her not-at-homes. New Tork Weekly
Springs of Mis-Conduct. "Tou haven't any
manners. Jack: why didn't you offer to escort
that young woman home?' ,,Oh. I have man
ners all rignt; but I didn't have street-cas?
fare." Chicago Record-Herald.
Her First Voyage. Walter (knocking) Mfsa
Jenkins, don't you feel like a little eald
chicken? Miss Jenkins (from within) I don't
know how a little cold chicken feels, but .I'm
feeling pretty ugh, queer. Brooklyn Life.'
Wife (with determined air) I want to seo
that letter. Husband What letter? Wife
That ono you Just opened. I know by thu
handwriting that it Is from a woman, and
you turned pale when you read it. I will
seo it. GIvo it. to me. sir. Husband Hero
it is. It's your milliner's bill. Fun.
Secret of It. "Why do you go away for
tho Summer? You have a nice home near
tho lake with a big porch and everything
possible to make you cool and comfortable."
"That's Just the trouble. In the Summer wo
must have soma hardship and discomforts
in order to make us think we are having a
good time. And. besides, they are necessary
to make us appreclato home at Its true value
In the Fall." Chicago Post.
Boorish. "Talk about your boorish audi
ences!" exclaimed the manager of grand
oppra. Just back from touring the provinces.
"In one city, and a city of more than one
hundred thousand people, too. we had aetu
ally to ring down tho curtain In the mlddlo
of an act on account ot the silence of tho
boxes. The singers were completely confused
by It. The name of the place? Oh. Bless me.
no! They simply didn't know any better-"
Puck.
In Ansmxi.
William Dean Ilowells.
All the long August afternoon.
The little drowsy stream
Whispers a melancholy tune.
As If It dreamed of Juno
And whispered In Its dream.
The thistles show beyond the brcs!r:
Dust on their down and bloom.
And out of many a weed-grown nooc
Tho aster-flowers look
With eyes of tender gloom.
The silent orchard aisles are sweet
With smell ot ripening fruit.
Through the sere grass. In shy retreat,
Flutter, at coming feet.
The robins strange and mute.
There Is no wind to stir the leaves.
Tho harsh leaves overhead:
Only the querulous cricket grieves.
And shrilling locust weaves
A song of Summer dead.
.X