THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, 'AUGUST U, 1901
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ington, but In New York he was the
almoner of party sifts. He enjoyed
the practical, fighting politics of New
York City far better than the dull and
dignified proceedings of the United
States Senate. The times and circum
stances were far different In Clinton's
day than they are now, and De "Witt
Clinton In no respect resembled Tom
Reed. Nevertheless, a place that so
able a statesman as Abram S. Hewitt
thought worthy of acceptance from
high and patriotic motives might tempt
Mr. Reed.
To be Mayor of Greater New York at
its present critical period of municipal
history offers Mr. Reed a larger oppor
tunity for permanent public usefulness
and Influence than any position he has
thus far occupied. Greater New York
has a population of 3,500,000; it Is a
vast cosmopolitan community; it is one
of the greatest marts of trade, one of
the greatest seaports In. the world;
it Includes vast wealth. To be the
executive for two years of such a city
in the critical stage of Its municipal
growth Is to a very able and high
minded man a great opportunity to ob
tain enduring fame and exercise vast
influence for good. From a broad, pa
triotic point of view, Mr. Reed ought
to accept this great office, even at cost
of the sacrifice Of his personal ease and
pecuniary advantage. It is a great
place for a man of great ability and
rare force of character, and such a
man is Thomas B. Reed. It would not
be a political office. It would not drag
him back into partisan politics, for he
would be supported by enlightened and
upright men of all parties, who would
nominate him and vote for him as a
great exeoutive field marshal of the
forces of municipal reform. Mr. Reed
couldi greatly add to his best fame in
the position of Mayor of New York. If
he is nominated he ought to accept, and
if he accepts he will be elected.
TODATS WEATHER Fair, with northerly
winds.
TESTERDATS WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 85; minimum temperature, 63; pre
cipitation, none.
PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, AUG. 14.
c
form, and they finally mustered enough
strength in the legislature to defeat an
adequate primary election law. They
found that the proposed reform In the
method of .nominating candidates for
office would eradicate the political boss,
and they were sure that the people of
"Wisconsin still needed that species of
functionary; and they were so averse
to surrendering the power which they
held by virtue erf the political machine
that they chose to have the Republican
party stultify itself rather than carry
out Its plain pledges. And it did so
after a wrangle that lasted through the
Legislative session.
Now the anti-La Follette faction has
organized for the avowed purpose of
taking possession of the Republican
party in the state and evicting the Gov
ernor and his friends, and particularly
their odious reform notions. They re
gard the necessity for this action as im
mediate because there is a great deal
of work to be done If the hold of the
La- Follette people Is to be shaken from
the regular Republican organization.
The new movement is fathered by men
who were lieutenants of Sawyer, sup
ported by those Republican members of
the Legislature who opposed the pri
mary reform bill and other La Follette
measures, and it also has the favor of
Federal office-holders. An address to
"Wisconsin Republicans is in course of
preparation by the newly organized
faction, and promises are free that
the fight is to be carried to the bitter
end. Either side would prefer to see
Democratic success rather than the
success of the opposing faction, and the
merriest kind of a time may be looked
for. La Follette has already announced
that he will be a candldate'for renom
inatlon, and the issues are practically
.nade up for the campaign that will end
In November, 1903.
blned, has increased upward of 250 per
cent. Canada's exports and Imports are
about twice, per capita, those of the
"United States. Her population is about
5,500,000. Her export trade for the year
ending June 30, 1900, is given as $191.
894,723; her Imports as $189,622,513 a
total of $381,517,236. This gives a for
eign trade of $70 per capita for Canada
against $30 per capita for the same
period in the United States. Her lum
ber and timber exports are from $5,500,
000 to $6,500,000 a year. Her agricul
tural and allied exports have more than
doubled the last decade. Canada ex
ports annually $18,000,000 worth of
cheese, $10,000,000 worth of cattle, $10,
000,000 worth of bacon, $4,000,000 worth
of butter, and $3,000,000 worth each of
oats and apples, and raises 50,000,000 to
60,000,000 bushels of wheat. In all, Can
ada sells about $80,000,000 a year of the
products of her fields and farms. In
the exportation of fish Canada leads
the United States in the proportion of
about $10,000,000 to' $6,000,000 a year.
Canada enters and clears about 1000
sea-going vessels a month. For foreign
and inland navigation there are 2000
steamships of Canadian registration.
She. has 18,000 miles of railway, 2700
miles of canals, 33,000 miles of tele
graph lines, and more than 80,000 miles
of telephone wires.
THE UTOIDEJiCE OP TAXATION.
The fact that taxes are falling more
tnd more upon real estate till now there
are few other values that are reached
lor taxation, almost puts a quietus on
the demand for single tax. We have,
virtually, such tax now. Incident to
land values. Is a lucid letter in the New
York Herald, of which the paragraphs
that follow are extracts:
What axo tho causes for the present de
pressed .condition of real estate in tho United
States, and what the remedies?
There ore undoubtedly certain localities In
which real estate Is held firmly, and can be
sold at good prices. However, in large sec
tions of tho East and Middle West outside or
the business centers, real estate docs not com
mand the prices, nor is it sought as an in
vestment to the same degree as within a few
years prior to 1893.
In view of this condition of affairs, I wish
very much, for the sake of many of your real
estate readers, that you would answer, if pos
sible, the following questions:
First Has the prevailing popularity of "in
dustrials," so called, or tho boom in stocks
and bonds of corporations anything to do with
the shrinkage in the demand for real-estate
Investments ?
Second Hare tho present laws relating to
taxation of real estate and the burdens im
posed upon real estate for the maintenance of
all the departments of city, state and county
cavernments anything to do with the depre
ciation of real-estate values?
Third Has tho maintenance of free schools,
free hospitals, free libraries, free dispensaries,
free parks, etc (personal taxation being evad
ed and shirked), anything to do with tha pres
njt depreciation?
Fourth What proportion of the voters of our
Cities do not pay any taxes to the various
municipalities in which they live for courts,
police and fire departments and other munici
pal charges and luxuries?
These questions touch the very heart
of the matter. Yet It is not certain
that any remedy can be suggested.
Heal estate Is the one form of prop
jerty that cannot escape taxation.
Hence the increasing disposition to
hide values in stocks and bonds. It is
"this state of affairs that makes oppor
tunity for the promoters of the great
trusts. People avpld real estate, be
cause of the burdens upon It, and buy
trust bonds and trust stocks. The trust
then In turn becomes odious, and in
creases the public discontent. Between
all these things there Is intimate con
nection. One of them follows another,
and the Inciting causes lie behind all.
The writer of the letter from which the
above extracts are made puts his finger
"upon. them. But It Is easier In this
case, as In most others, to make a
diagnosis than to offer a hopefnl rem
edy. People will have things, through
taxation, and real estate cannot escape-
it. Property in most other forms
can and does, in large degree.
THE DISEASE-BREEDING MOSQUITO
Entomologists are giving a very close
and minute description of several vari
eties of him. But you must have a
microscope. In order to identify one
from another, and you must know how
to use the microscope, as well. The
malarial mosquito has mottled wings,
while the harmless insect's wings are
clear. In other ways also he dresses
like a dandy or dude. He wears some
thing like a cutaway coat and a spotted
necktie. One peculiarity he has that
can be detected by the naked eye.
"When he bores for blood his head is
down, and the tails of his coat point
up at an angle of forty-five degrees,
while other varieties of the mosquito
stand with horizontal body. This also
Is the fellow that spreads typhoid fever,
but not till after he has bitten some
one infected with that disease. To get
malarial poison, however, he doesn't
have to go abroad. It is part of his
original constitution.
It Is another variety that propagates
the yellow fever. The home of this
gentleman is in tropical or semi-tropical
countries, on the seacoast or banks
of tidal rivers. But before he can dis
pense the disease he must bite a yel
low fever patient. After that, for ten
days or more, the generation of the
spores or bacilli' is going n within
his anatomy, and his bite within that
period Is pretty sure to set up the fer
mentation In the blood that produces
the disease.
Minute descriptions of these pro
cesses are furnished by physiologists
those of Europe taking the lead. But
the opportunities of our own people in
Cuba have 'supplied a great deal of
original and confirmatory evidence.
The tendency of opinion now is that
while typhoid may be and doubtless Is
spread by other modes of Infection,
a mosquito also carries it; but that
malaria and yellow fever depend
wnolly on 'mosquitoes for- their propa
gation. . These discoveries are hailed as
among the most remarkable In the his
tory of science. But It Is a pity that
man has been compelled to fight the
mosquito for thousands of years, un
der the disadvantage of not knowing
what enemy he had to deal with.
TOM HEED FOR MAYOR,
The suggestion of Thomas B. Reed as
the anti-Tammany candidate for Mayor
of New York City came from a Demo
crat, Austin Fox, the leader of the
iJunlor iar. Mr. Fox has always been
a Democrat, bitterly opposed to Mr.
Heed on every public question save that
of Bryanlsm and expansion, but he
soundly argues that the municipal cam
paign against Tammany should be free
Irom National politics and all partisan
considerations, and from this point of
view he declares that Mr. Reed pos
sesses not only the ideal qualifications
lor a candidate, but also for a Mayor.
Mr. Reed has unflinching moral and
physical courage, he Is a man of un
spotted integrity, a man of tact, of per
sonal geniality, who has not Incurred
personal enmities or Jealousies thus far
in Us New York career. He has a
very Imposing personality, and a solid.
National reputation for pre-eminent
ability. He could probably be elected
if he could be persuaded to accept the
nomination, but it Is very doubtful if
he would accept a nomination, even If
It meant a sure election.
It is true that De "Witt Clinton re
signed a seat in the Federal Senate In
1803 to become Mayor of New York
City, but Clinton had not found the
Senatorshlp mlte so agreeable as he
expected, and as Mayor of New York
City bo was paid a salary of $10,000 a
year and perquisites. Ten thousand
dollars was a great salary for those
days, and Clinton was not a rich man
in his own right He cared more for
money than he did for the honor of a
seat in the United States Senate, and
the society of New York City was more
agreeable to him. than that of Wash
ington. The compensation of Senator
then could not have exceeded $2000 per
annum, and the office of Mayor paid
six times that amount, and Clinton was
as a rule in straitened circumstances,
although his wife, a Miss. Franklin,
brought him a fortune of $40,000. Fur
thermore, after less than a year's ser
vice as United States Senator he found
that he was but a cipher at "Washing
ton, while he was'a great power in New
Sork.' He had to beg favors at "Wash-
REPDBLICAK SCHIS3I IN "WISCONSIN.
"Wisconsin Republicans have fallen
Into such discord that the Democrats
have high hopes of again getting pos
session of the 6tate. The Republican
party is rent asunder, and all because
of a personal fight that was started
several years ago between the vener
able Senator Phlletus Sawyer, who had
long been the Republican boss of the
state, but who has since died, and Rob
ert M. La Follette, then an ex-Congressman
and now Governor of the
state. The two were never entirely con
genial in their political relations,
though there was no rupture until the
cases against the ex-State Treasurers,
to recover interest received by those of
ficials on state funds when they were
in office, were brought. One of those
ex-Treasurers was a business associ
ate of Senator Sawyer, and the Senator
was surety upon his bond and also
upon the bonds of other defendant ex
Treasurers. The Judge before whom
the cases were to be tried was a brother-in-law
of Mr. La Follette. Mr. La
Follette was a practicing attorney.
Senator Sawyer met Mr. La Follette In
Milwaukee one day and offered him a
retainer of $500 for his service In the
cases, and did it in such a way that
Xa Follette construed It as an effort to
reach and Influence the trial Judge.
Instantly there was an eruption. That
was the beginning of an open schism
that has troubled "Wisconsin Republi
cans ever since.
La Follette was young, able and ag
gressive, and had political ambitions
of his own. He started out to shake up
the bones of the old organization, and
he did it with some effectiveness, though
he was not able to bring about his own
nomination for Governor until the death
of Sawyer, a little more than a year
ago. Then opposition ,to La Follette
melted away, and he swept the conven
tion last Summer and was triumphant
ly elected In the Fall. The reforms he
had agitated for years were indorsed
by the convention, particularly a pri
mary election law and a law for equal
ization of taxes. Everything was so
completely for La .Follette and against
the old organization that Senator
Spooner, who is no politician at all but
was elected by the Sawyer crowd, be
came panic-stricken and declared he
would not be .a candidate for re-election.
He had the impression that; the
political stage was ta be swept by the
La Follette people, and that it would
be'better for him to make a virtue of
necessity. The La Follette people, how
ever, said they had no Intention of in
terfering with Spooner, and would sup
port him for re-election.
After election the fright of the old
line Sawyer Republicans, represented
by Henry C. Payne, Charles Pfister and
Senator Quarles, wore off, and they set
about "construing" the platform as not
Teally meanlnc full primary election re-
NOT DETECTIVE, BUT NEWSPAPER.
The Oregonlan is not in the business
of ferreting out offenses against the
laws of the country, of detecting crime
or punishing criminals. But as a news
paper It freqeuntly gives publicity to
infractions of the law and to the doings
of lawbreakers. In Its office as pur
veyor of news it frequently reports dis
putes Involving public property and
public questions, and sometimes to
disputes affecting private rights, when
such disputes become a matter of pub
lic record and attention. There are
always at least two 'parties to a dis
pute, and both cannot win, both cannot
be wholly right; Indeed, It frequently
turns out that neither is wholly right.
It often happens, too, that the fairest
statement a newspaper can make of
these controversies, treating them sole
ly as matters of news Interest, is mis
construed by each party as a design
edly partisan statement for the benefit
of his opponent. And again, when any
particular state of facts reflects upon
the integrity of any person there is
haste to impugn the motive and intent
of the paper that shall give them
publicity, and to declare the showing
made, howsoever true to the facts it
may be, as "vilification" and "persecu
tion." No honest newspaper escapes
this experience.
"While it is no part of the business
or purpose of The Oregonlan to play
the part of detective or spy in the com
munity, it is its business and purpose
to give the news, "all the news that's
fit to print," regarding matters of le
gitimate public Interest. In pursuance
.of this course The Oregonlan has given
some attention to the public land ques
tion, and It must continue to do .so. No
body doubts that improper practices
have figured in the disposition of much
of the public domain. Everybody, of
course, denies complicity In frauds.
The Oregonlan accuses nobody, but
publishes such pertinent matter as It
can get, being careful to present the
case fairly as the available information
will permit "With respect to some of
these cases It has been charged with
more or less heat that The Oregonian
was lending Itself to improper uses,
and that these matters ought to be
left for treatment in regular official
form. The Oregonian has no desire to
divert these matters from their proper
official channels, and it cannot conceive
how publicity should defeat honest pro
ceedings. In fact, one of the objects
in setting these matters before the pub
lic Is that good may come of it, not
evil. There is wide public Interest in
everything pertaining to the disposi
tion of Government lands these days,
and The Oregonlan would fall short of
Its duty as a newspaper lf it should
fall to recognize this Interest The Ore
gonlan 'does not propose to be found
wanting in this respect
In dealing with their strikers perhaps
the Morganeercd trusts will "take a
pointer" from the "leading citizens" of
Tampa, Fla., who, a few nights ago,
organized as a vigilance committee,
seized the principal labor leaders of
the town, took them in closed carriages
to a steamer, just ready to sail for
Havana, ordered the captain to receive
them on hoard and sail away at once,
and warned the men never to return to
Tampa. On following days they went
among the strikers and commanded
them to resume work upon a certain
day, or deportation would not be con
fined to the leaders. Later, twelve
more strikers, who were sub-leaders,
were hustled out of the town. Then
the committee issued a proclamation
"to the anarchists a"nd labor agitat
ors," saying: "Your days in Tampa
are at an end. "We cannot and will
not permit you to destroy this prosper
ous city. If you have regard for your
safety, you will shake Its dust from
your feet" Surely this precedent will
not be lost on the steel trustl ,
GOLD PRODUCT AND MONEYvM ARKET
New York Journal of Commerce.
The probability of an early resumption
of gold mining, on its normal scale, in
South Africa, lends interest to the dis
cussion of the Influence of the production
of the precious metals on prices, and on
the rate of interest which capital can
command in the money markets of the
world. Tho discussion is a very old one
among economists, and the principle has
come to be pretty well settled that while
an increase In the stock of gold and silver
may advance prices, It can have but little
effect on the rate of Interest. In the last
century David Hume pointed out, with
his accustomed clearness, that while
prices had quadrupled since the dis
covery of America, and the amount of
gold and silver in circulation had in
creased In a still larger ratio, the de
crease In the rate of Interest had been
less than one-half. He argued that the
value of the money metals being largely
conventional or fictitious, their greater or
less abundance counted for little. Gold
and silver did not properly rank among
the elements of commerce; they merely
supplied the instrument which men had,
by common accord, selected to facilitate
exchanges. They furnished the oil which
made the wheels of commerce turn more
freely.
Mr. George E. Roberts, the Director of
the United States Mint, take3 up this old
but always interesting discussion, in the
current number of the "North American
Review," without, however, throwing
any new light upon It. He finds that
while the immediate effect of additions J
to the money supply is to reduce the
interest rate, It is a mistake to assume
that an increase in the stock of money
will permanently affect that rate. An
increase in the stock of money will
eventually find expression In a deprecia
tion In the value of money, as compared
with commodities; but interest is a pay
ment in kind, and suffers the same de
preciation in value as the principal, with
out any reduction In the rate. Mr.
Roberts goes on to argue that the rate
of Interest depends upon the supply of
capital, which may be quite different from
the supply of money. But the first effect
of ap Increase in the moneyi supply is
upon the Interest rate, because the new
stock swells the bank reserves and rates
are put down to encourage borrowing
until this new stock is absorbed either
by tho actual growth of industries or
by a rise in prices.
It is to be hoped that Chairman Bur
ton, of the Congressional rivers and
harbors committee, will not suffer the
fate of other statesmen who have fa
vored tho digging of the "Seattle ditch."
But It was before he had seen Seattle
that he expressed his view of the mat
ter; he may have repented later. "When
John L. "Wilson lived In Spokane and
was a Representative in Congress, he
was not given to enthusiastic advocacy
of the Lake "Washington Canal project,
otherwise known as the "Seattle
ditch," and he made the trenchant ob
servation that it "had swallowed every
man who went near it." Now he has
identified himself with Seattle and es
poused the cause of the "ditch." Per
haps he thinks the "ditch" will not
swallow a dead man.
THE AMERICAN MAN.
The Pacific Northwest has within a
few years produced a large number of
excellent horses for cavalry service.
Not only is Uncle Sam in this field,
seeking and finding, but the British
and German Governments have made
purchases here of horses for service in
South Africa and China, and at home.
The horses of the Rocky Mountain re
gion have much greater endurance and
are free from distempers that are prev
alent among the more tenderly reared
animals of the East, hence the favor
which they find with Government horse
buyers. This partially explains the de
mand that has within recent years
caused stockmen to turn their attention
again to horse breeding for a wide and
constantly widening market
SCHOOL BOOKS AND THE CIVIL
WAR.
A convention of Confederate Veter
ans, in session at Baton Rouge the other
day, protested against the use of cer
tain Northern text-books in Southern
schools, and named many which they
resolved ought to be excluded. They
declared that these books do not prop
erly represent the motives, the course
and the purposes of the Southern peo
ple In the Civil "War. A series of reso
lutions was adopted, closing with the
following:
Resolved, further, That in our opinion no
histories or other school books, which may
treat of questions Involving the respective
merits or demerits of the North or South,
should be taught in Southern schools, unless
written by ono In thorough sympathy ana
afflllatlon with the South and its people, and
unless intended to be used solely In Southern
schools.
It is the right of the Southern people
to have in their schools such books
as they choose. After some further
years, however, when all the Confeder
ate "Veterans shall have passed away,
the personal element in the treatment
of their history will disappear, and the
causes and course of the Civil "War will
be studied Impartially, South as well
as North. A point upon which the
Southern people who participated in
the struggle are very sensitive is the
statement that the cause of secession
was their desire to perpetuate slavery.
This they resent as a reproach to, them.
But if the statement is not true, there
can be no historic truth. Unquestion
ably the motives of secession were com
plicated with a lot of political meta
physics; but the desire of separation
was based on conditions of which slav
ery was the corner-stone, and perpetu
ation of slavery was deemed by them
Indispensable to support of the system.
Hence secession and the Civil "War.
But there Is respect for the Confeder
ate "Veterans, and no reason for sur
prise or complaint when they are found
protesting against school books that as
they think, cast reproaches upon the
cause for which they so stoutly stood.
Shamrock II is a beauty. Upon thl3
point all who have watched her as she
lies at anchor off Stapleton, Staten
Island, are agreed. The opinion of ex
perts, Indeed, is that she is by far the
most handsome and graceful yacht that
has come over seeking the America's
cup. The general verdict is that It will
be a pity to beat such a beauty, but
the Yankee skipper who will sail the
Constitution or Columbia, as the case
may be, In defense of the piece of
silver that has been In this country so
long that It seems to be almost one of
our Institutions, is not likely to be
overcome with pity of that type when
it comes to the test He may admire
this lovely Delilah without submitting
to be shorn at her hands.
Not for years have forest fires been
so general on the Pacific Coast as they
are now. "We had grown to think that
the infrequency of fires was due
to the good work of the forest rangers,
but that idea will now be subject to
revision. The smoke that settled upon
the city yesterday recalled to old-timers
the excessively smoky season in
the early '60s. There was another sea
son of smoke In 1883, and again about
ten years ago there were a few un
comfortably smoky days. But a change
in atmospheric conditions, a brief
shower, and the air gets beautifully
clear again. It is yet too early for the
soft haze of waning Summer.
Colombia and Venezuela each have a
lively revolution on hand, and yet the
two governments are about to go to
war with each other. All this is con
nected with the design of Uribe-Uribe
to merge Venezuela, Colombia and Ec
uador Into one nation. If this should
be accomplished, it would probably
only Increase the size of the troubles
In that sputtering land.
His Physical Condition ai Compared
With Tliat o Europeans.
International Monthly.
The most Important, because the most
fundamental, of problems concerning the
quality of the American man concerns
his physical condition as compared with
that of his kindred beyond the sea. As
to this point the evidence is so clear
that It needs little discussion. It Is evi
dent that the American Indians, a race
evidently on the ground for many thou
sand years before the coming of the
Europeans had found tho land hospit
able. For savages they were remarkably
well developed, and, though unfitted for
steady labor, their bodies were well made
and enduring. Taking their place, the
North Europeans, representing a wide
range of local varieties, English, Irish,
Highland Scotch, Germans. Scandinavi
ans', Normans, French, and many other
groups of Old world peoples, nave, since
their Implantation, a hundred years or
more ago, shown that the area of the
continent from the Rio Grande to the
far North Is as suited to our kind as
any part of the earth.
This is sufficiently proved by the sta
tistics of American soldiers gathered
during the Civil "War; the American
waite man of families longest In the
country is, on the average, larger than
his European kinsman, the Increase be
ing mainly In the size of head and chest.
It is further Indicated by the endurance
of these men In the trials of the soldier's
life and by the remarkable percentage
of recoveries from -wounds. This endur
ance of wounds was regarded by the late
Dr. Brown-Sequard as a feature common
to all the mammals of this continent,
being, as he claimed, on the basis of an
extensive experience as characteristic ot
American rabbits as- of American men.
Moreover, tho statistics of life insurance
companies doing business in this country
aDnear to indicate that tho expectation
of life is greater here than In the Old
World.
i
NO SYMPATHY FOR MORGAN.
Because He Is the Representative of
Monopoly.
Chicago Evening Journal.
True as it may be that the general pub
lic Is not pleased with the action of Presi
dent Shaffer and the Amalgamated Asso
ciation, it is no less true that It has no
sympathy whatever with PlerponO Mor
gan, Mr. Schwab and the steel trust.
It is said with some degree of plausi
bility that trusts may be beneficial to
the community, and combinations of capi
tal can accomplish much rhat could not
otherwise be achieved. In fact, there
must be combinations of capital In order
that we may have banks and railroads
and steamships and all the other vast
appliances by means of which modem
business is carried on.
But this is a very different thing from
"Morganeerlng," or the combination of a
grea number of plants carrying on the
samo or cognate industries in order to
bring about a monopoly and command the
markets.
"Regratlng" and "forestalling" were
crimes at common law, and have ever
been held offensive to good morals. They
consisted of buying up a product or ob
taining control of it in such a way as
to sell it again at one's own price. They
are known now under the more familiar
name of "corner," though the latter is
based on the factor of short selling, either
in stocks or grain.
li to buy up a product to corner It in the
market is an offense, to buy up and con
trol the mills and factories that manufac
ture the product! is no less so, and that
is what Mr. Morgan and his associates
aTe dolnc.
There ought to be, and there will be,
some way found to control or break up
such combinations by law. They are a
menace to the just rights of the people.
There can be no sympathy for them anywhere.
WHAT CUBA NEEDS MOST.
Chicago Tribune.
The tobacco dealers of Havana are sen
sible men. They make a forcible argu
ment which may have some effect on the
tobacco raisers of the United States, to
whom it is specially addressed. These
Cubans ask for a reduction of the duty
on Cuban cigars. There is no doubt that
such a change in thetarlff will increase
the consumption of these cigars In the
United States and thus benefit the to
bacco raisers of Cuba. The American
tobacco raisers are not Ignorant of thit
and they are opposed to any change in
the duty on Cuban goods. They are at
one with the sugar producers of this
country, who are against a reduction,
no matter how trivial, of the duty on
Cuban raw sugar. The sugar and to
bacco Interests of this country when
united havo much Influence In Congress.
But the Havana tobacco dealers say
that Cuba will be helpess unless allowed
freer access to the American markets.
If Independent Cuba cannot dispose of
Its products in the United States more
advantageously than at present, then
Cuba will renounce the dream of inde
pendence and ask to be annexed. Such a
prayer if made would not be refused.
Then say these Havana people, states
like Virginia and North Carolina would
be ruined so far as tobacco is concerned,
as they could not compete with Cuba.
This is sound reasoning. The American
sugar and tobacco people could not pre
vent the annexation of Cuba if Cuba
wished to be annexed. They could not
prevent for any length of time the free
admission of Cuban products if the isl
and were annexed. They must decide,
therefore, whether It Is better for them
that these products shall have lower
duties than at present or no duties. They
must choose one or the other horn of the
dilemma. They must concede something
to their Cuban competitors or they will
be forced to concede everything.
THE STEEL STRIKE.
Efforts of the Truit to Get Rid of
Organized Labor.
Wall Street Journal.
There Is reason to believe that the steel
company expects some important advan
tages to accrue from the Amalgamated
Association strike. The first of these ad
vantages Is expected to be a demonstra
tion that the company does not depend
Upon organized labor for carrying on Its
work. The second great advantage is
likely to be the opportunity given to close
works In one locality and to increase work
at another, having reference not only to
the cost of production but to the general
advantages of operation.
Officers of the subordinate steel com
panies who would not have felt justified
In closing mills and throwing men out of
work except as a matter of necessity.
feel that when the men have voluntarlly
qult work, the company Is justified In
leaving the mill closed if the same work
can be carried on to better advantage at
some other point. In reducing work at
some points and increasing it at others,
the steel company has opportunity to se
lect men who are contented with good
wages and reasonable hours, but who do
not deem It necessary to decide for the
company what other persons it shall em
ploy. The steel company has the great ad
vantage of being able to change Its base
of operations from one point or another
according to the necessities in the case.
The labor leaders can hardly know where
the steel company may deckle to make
some move, and if they undertake to
picket all points, the line of pickets will
be thin In places. Officers of the steel
company believe that while the strike may
cause a loss of profits this Summer, It
will result in a gain in profits In the
long run. .
NOTE AND COMMENT.
To get some of Rockefeller's millions,
first find your oil.
Kansas shows a disposition to say its
prayers only when necessary.
Steyn will go to Europe and join Kruger.
Like the old man, ho desires peace.
The only perpetual thing about perpetual
motion is the perpetual discovery of It.
The Lord loveth a cheerful giver. Re
member the Lord and the bath-house
fund.
The strikers should make sure they will
not be starved into eating their owa
words.
2ow doth the fly with buzzing din
Besiege bewitching Ethelwyn;
But never reach her beauty skin.
For gauze and cheese cloth she's within.
The South Is more bent on burning ne
groes at the stake than on drawing the
color line.
"We always could do more work in Win
ter than in Summer, especially now sinco
It's Summer.
George Gould has a daughter. She will
nrobablv crow up to make some poor
Count happy.
Kruger will neither come to tho United
States nor go to South Africa. Wo ad
mire his pluck.
In Summertime when the weather is hot.
"When the sun Is boiling and the Ice Is not.
How much more beautiful then, you know.
The snow, the snow, the beautiful snow.
The End of n National Chnrch.
Sir Walter Besant in The North Ameri
can Review.
The Church of England Is now entering
anew upon an acute form of that contro
versyso acut) that, if it is followed up,
the Church will undoubtedly be rent in
twain and tho National Church will cease
to exist. There are already within its
divided fold two well-formed camps: tho
one containing those who want no priest
and will acknowledge no priestly preten
sions; the other, those who find rest in the
shelter of authority, accepting, as the
price to be paid, the domination of the
priest over their lives, their thoughts,
their reason, their sanse and their phil
osophy. Before disestablishment actually
takes nlace there will be mountains of lit
erature to be read; there will be a flood
of talk. But the most effective arguments
will bo those which Aow how, In the
United States, not to speak of our great
Colonies, religion takes no harm where
there is no Established Church. Some of
us will regret the loss of an Institution
venerable and beautiful; glorious for tho
saints and divines, the martyrs and con
fessors, the scholars and teachers, who
havo adorned Its- history. But we shall let
it go in full confidence that, as In Ameri
ca, so here, religion does hot need a
national creed.
Uncle Jesse Carr is likely to see
lively work on that Interstate ranch
when the United States Deputy Mar
shals of Oregon and California get to
tearing down those miles of stone fence.
The proceedings of yesterday indicate
that Judge Bellinger means that his
orders shall be obeyed without further
quibbling or delay.
On the first of last month the 34th
birthday of the Dominion of Canada
was celebrated. "Within that term of
thirty-four years her population has
Increased but 50 per cent, while her
foreign trade, import and export com-
A Crushing Argument.
Springfield Republican.
The only sound argument made against
his anti-trust tariff scheme, In Congress
man Babcock s opinion, "lies in the state
ment that to undertake to amend tho
tariff law disturbs trade and unsettles
business to a greater or less extent." But
he meets this with a crushing rejoinder:
"This argument would have conclusive
force if tho Democrats were in control,
but thero is nothing to fear from a Re
publican Congress. When tariff changes
are made the friends of protection should
make them." And to that what can a
good Republican say? Nothing. He is
wholly silenced, for it is a corner truth
of high tariff gospel that the tariff can
not be touched by Its enemies without
disaster to the country, but may be
touched anywhere and anyhow by Its
friends with "perfect safety to all Inter
ests. -
Wilt Not Fight Agrainst Improvement
ASTORIA, Or., Aug. 13. (To the Edi
tor.) In this morning's Issue of the Dally
Astorian the following was printed In its
local columns:
The Chamber of Commerce met last night In
regular session, and transacted considerable
routine business. Just previous to adjournment
D. H. Welch offered to contribute f 50 or $100 to
a fund to pay the expenses of keeping a man In
"Washington during the next se&alon of Con
gress to fight appropriations for river Improve
ment between Astoria and Portland.
I desire to say that my name, used in
connection therewith, Is an absolute false
hood, and at no time have I ever men
tioned or even thought of such a thing.
I am not a member of the Chamber of
Commerce, nor have I at any time attend
ed any of its meetings.
I would like for you to publish this de
nial, that the public may know that I in
no way countenance such talk and pub
lications. D. H. WELCH.
Dewey's Great Bnttle Record.
Boston Herald.
Admiral Dewey will go down into his
tory as the man who was in command
during two great naval battles the battle
of Manila and the Sampson-Schley en
gagement, whloh Is to take place In Wash
ington in September.
Times Have Cliangeilt
Chicago Tribune.
If tho Galesburg pastor who thinks the
severo droalh of this Summer is a punish
ment for the sins of the people Is right,
beloved, times have changed greatly since
J tho days of-Noah.
Reservoirs on Union Pacific.
Salt Lake Herald.
Within a short time the Union Pacific
will have completed ready for use, at a
cost of over 51,000,000, the five great res
ervoirs that are to furnish pure water
for a long stretch In Wyoming. The first
to be ready for use Is at Leroy, 43 miles
west of Granger, and the others will be
ready shortly afterward.
Although the cost of this great under
taking Is immense, the road expects to
get it all back In the course of time in
the difference in the wear and tear on
the locomotives passing over that por
tion of the line. At present there are
long stretches where the only water ob
tainable is saturated with alkali. This has
a serious effect on tho boilers, cutting
down considerably their period of useful
ness and necessitating constant watch
fulness and frequent repairs. By means
of the reservoir system the road will
catch tho mountain water in the springs
and at other times of high water and pipe
the pure fluid to the various tanks. It
la estimated that this will save the com
pany several hundred thousand dollars
every year. ,
The Leroy tank has an area of 29 acres
and a capacity of 41,800.000 gallons. The
combined capacity of the reservoirs win
be 177,300,000 gallons.
The Steel Strike.
San Francisco Chronicle.
Whatever the faults of the trusts and
they are many the worklngmen well un
derstand that they work to their advan
tage. The steel strike is an attempt to
assure present or future concessions,
which the strike leaders well know could
not be given, except by such a powerful
organization as the steel trust The boys
want some of the trust pie for them
selves. The struggles now on in differ
.nt nrt of the country are purely eco
nomic. So long as they are peacefully
conducted society must endure the In
convenience and loss, whatever it may be.
i
The Roclc Thnt Mennces.
Indianapolis Sentinel.
The report that John D. Rockefeller has
become a billionaire serves to call at
tention to that alarming concentration of
wealth which the trust principle encour
ages. Such immense personal fortunes
have always preceded the domination of
plutocracy and the downfall of repub
lics. There Is no reason to believe that
our republic will prove an exception. At
present we are going the beaten path.
Thin Attendance at the Churches.
New York Herald.
The latest reason given by experts for
the great falling off of attendance In New
York churches is the increasing pros
perity, which enables citizens to leave
town for the Summer. There are some
"old-fashioned" churchgoers who dispute
this and assert that less sensationalism,
less worldllness and more practical "gos
pel sermons" In the pulpits Will bring
more hearers into the pews.
She was Indeed a charmer.
And with her boa looked sweet.
But I didn't dare go near her
Her boa constrictor to meet.
Our own John Barrett seems to be the
only one of the late war heroes who has
not suffered from lconoclasm.
A bald-headed man is not necessarily a
victim of circumstances. He may be a
writer of testimonials for hair restorers.
Sleeping-car porters will form a union,
but whether to demand bigger tips or to
boycott the comic papers is not given
out.
He was caught by the undertow
In bathing In the sea.
But he never was In danger, for
It was a crab, you see.
A man in Chicago killed his wife and
himself because she wouldn't go some
where with him. Let us hope he has gone
alone.
It has been found expedient to reduce
the size of the British force in South
Africa. The reason Is that only a small
part of the army could keep up with tho
enemy.
When Hanna promised the full dinner
pall we thought he was big enough man
to give it. But it turns out that Hanna
is a mere shoat compared with Carnegie
and Morgan.
In a recent imaginary battle the fleet
defending England's coast was totally
defeated, and all the shlp3 were destroyed.
The English are rejoicing that the enemy,
was not a real one.
For a watering-place
It sets a fast pace.
And none better exists, I weeni
The coffee and milk
Are of the same Ilk.
And are the best watered I've- seen.
Tho Navy has ordered all its officers
to cease talking about the Schley-Sampson
dispute. If the order could reach tho
newspapers there might be something left
for the court of inquiry to do.
It has been quite a while since Admiral
Dewey was married, and It Is therefore
probable that he will preside over tho
court of inquiry Instead of Mrs. Dewey.
Indeed, the Admiral has so far recovered
himself, that she has expressed no opin
ion about the Schley-Sampson controversy.
How In the world is the boys' bath-houso
going to be free If it Is not a "public
utility"? We commend this very serious
problem to the Hon. J. N. Teal, of tho
Charter Commission. How in tho world
can any "public utility" be free unless
property-owners pay for It? We propound
this also to the Honorable Gentleman. Can
Lapybody Imagine a greater "public util
ity" than a bath? Will not baths Increaso
the mutual comfort of those who ride In
public street-cars in warm weather? Next
to a well-fed citizen, is thero any better
citizen than a clean one? Let us discover
whether it was an oversight that baths
were omitted from the list of "public utilities."
"While society was -busily engaged on
Thursday afternoon enjoying the social
functions," says a Newport special to tho
New York Tribune, "Cornelius Vanaer
bllt, Jr., dressed In grimy overalls and
Jumper, covered with dirt and oil from,
head to foot, was crawling In and out
among the intricate machinery and boil
ers of the torpedo-boat Stringham, crit
ically examining every part of the little
craft, which is here awaiting her speed
trial before sho is accepted by the Gov
ernment. For more than three hours Mr.
Vanderbllt was aboard the vessel, and it
is 9afe to say that not the minutest details
of the construction of engine and boilers
escaped his critical eye. Mr. Vanderbllt
had accepted an Invitation from the build
ers of tho boat to inspect her, and spent
the greater part of Thursday afternoon In
what appeared to afford him the greatest
enjoyment."
T
PLEASANTRIES OP PARAGRAPHERS
Our latest submarine Is named the Adder.
Her business will bo to subtract from tho
numbers of the enemy. Boston Transcript.
Ho I hear that Jack Dashaway Is blowing
lot of money nowadays. She Tou ought to
try and get to leeward of him. Brooklyn Life.
Ought to Be Happy. "Blackwood has bitten
the dust." said Kcedlck. "Well, he always
did want the earth," commented Fosdlck.
Detroit Free Press.
Worn-Out Methods. "That actress seems to
bo somewhat behind the times." "Palnfullyt
Why, she een had her diamonds stolen last
week." Philadelphia Evening Bulletin.
The Joys of Touring. Traveler I say, your
razor's pulling most confoundedly 1 Local Tor
turerBe It, zur? Well, 'old on tight to tha
chair, an' we'll get It off zummowt Punch.
Sorrow In a Slde-Show. "How did the beard
ed woman take it when the manager dis
charged her?" "She faced It like a man till
she wont In the dressing-room, and got her
false whiskers off. then she broke down and
cried like a woman." Philadelphia Evening
Bulletin.
Vigorous, but Futile. Wealthy Patient
What Is your bill for amputating my leg? Era
nent Surgeon Three hundred dollars, sir.
Wealthy Patient (filling out a check) ThaVa
a brave effort, doctor; but It will never restore
tho leg to Its normal length. Chicago Tribun.
A ticket-collector on a railway got leave to
go and get married, and was given a pass
over tho line. On the way back, he showed
to the new collector his marriage certificate
by mlstako for his pass. The latter studied It
carefully, and then said: "Eh, mon, you'vo
got a. ticket for a. lang. wearisome Journey,
but not on the Caledonian Railway." Tlt-Blts.