THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 31, 1901
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PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, JULY 31.
THE PATAIi WEAKNESS.
It Is not axiomatic that the value of
land In cities has been created by the
presence of population; for it Is not
the whole truth. It is not axiomatic,
therefore, that the owner of the land
Is in enjoyment of riches created by
others; with the corollary that the pub
lic has the right to take the increment
to Itself. It Is not axiomatic that the
"good will" of an industry or trade in
which money-making power resides
does not belong to the person under
whose tact and application It has been
created, but to the public, with whom
the trade Is carried on.
While It is true that there can be no
great values in land where the popula
tion is sparse, and that no great indus
try or trade can exist where there are
but few people to deal with, It still Is
true that the Individual factor Is the
chief agency in the creation of wealth.
The most valuable land Is the land
upon which or near which the greatest
Improvements have been made. What
makes a great street? The buildings,
the expenditures for improvements,
which call population to the locality
where they are made. Individual en
ergy has created the greatest part of
these values. How, then, can the pub
lic be entitled to the Increment?
It doubtless Is supposed by many
that denial to private persons of prop
erty in the increased value that comes
to land in the transformation of the
country from its primitive barrenness
to the complex fertility and lucrative
use it attains under an Industrial civ
ilization, would leave for division
among the landless the chief part of the
goods and enjoyments now possessed
by the landowners. But that which it
Is proposed to take from its possessors
never would have existed but for the
stimulus which the principle of private
property gives to human effort It has
been created through the operation of
the very principle which it is proposed
to destroy, and without this principle
it would disappear In a few generations,
stripping men of moderate as well as
of large possessions .and leaving the
race on a common level of condition in
finitely below the present one. This Is
the fatal weakness of all direct or In
direct schemes of state socialism.
UNWILLING LABOR.
A notable feature of the present stage
of the year's industries in this section
is the scarcity, for practical purposes,
of competent, willing labor. Whether
a man has irrigating ditches to dig,
fish to handle, wood to haul, grain to
x:ut, cows to milk. Winter's fuel to store
away, or what not, men who are will
ing and ready to do the work cannot be
had in full supply. There are men out
of work, of course, and a good many of
them, but approach them with an offer
of work and they begin at once to dic
tate terms outside of fair wages that
the employer cannot meet and retain
the control of his own business. Ac
cost a man who is hauling wood from
the country and attempt to open nego
tiations with him about your Winter's
wood, and, after naming the top mar
ket price for wood, he will give you to
understand that woodhauling is hard
work; that there is really nothing In
it, and, after closing a contract with
him to bring a certain number of cords
at his own figures, he drives on, leav
ing the would-be purchaser in doubt as
to whether he will deliver the wood or
not.
The wood delivered, try to get a man
to store It in shed or basement, and
the same unwillingness to work is
shown. This condition of affairs ex
tends all along the labor Jine. Of
course, there are exceptions to the fact
thus stated, but the exceptions are not
numerous enough to supply the earnest
demand for willing, cheerful workers.
A vast army of men are too busy look
ing after and haggling over their
"rights" to have any time left for the
consideration of their duties and privi
leges as self-sustaining factors in the
community. The willing laborer, self
respecting, self-sustaining, ready, is an
honor and blessing to the world; the
halting, half-hearted laborer, always
afraid that he will do too much, and to
whom no wage Is an equivalent for his
grudged endeavor, is a- drawback upon
industry and an element of discord in
the world to the full extent of his in
fluence. SO OLD THAT IT IS NEW.
ReTerence has been very generally
made to Mr. P. A. Winston's article
la the July Atlantic as containing some
thing new in 'the statement that mo
nopolies and trade combinations, com
monly called "trusts," were known In
the sixteenth century. As a matter of
fact, this statement contains nothing
new, unless it be that the trust itself
is'so old -that It is' new. It merely re
vives inquiry, and this Inquiry is soon
answered by the production of data
which prove the antiquity of the trust
and throw strong searchlights upon its
history. Details only In these matters
have been forgotten. The fact itself is
as old as the years. It may be said to
be the memory of these organizations
and their exactions that established
the constitutional and political revolt
against monopoly In trade. It Is
strange, therefore, that the trust should
be regarded and represented as a new
and original development of modern
commercial life.
Mr. Winston draws from the history
of these old-time monopolies the as
sumption that all such combinations
are destined to collapse. It is plain
that they cannot retain their exclusive
control of the markets unless they can
have some extraneous force more pow
erful than any yet devised for chok
ing off competition. As In the olden
time, so also In the last quarter of a
century, it has been shown that, though
by the perversion of honest legislation
to their purposes, they might succeed
for a time in shutting rivals out of
business, a loss of that lever speedily
brought trade down to the competitive
basis. Mr. Winston's article revives
the fact that the most stringent legis
lation, municipal and imperial, was en
acted against these monopolies of old.
It Js also recorded thatS these legisla
tive efforts failed simply from lack of
enforcement. The time came, neverthe
less, when they collapsed.
The inference from the historical re
search of this writer Is that the trust
movement In due time will fall of its
own weight. The remedial operation
has already been applied to many of
the smaller combinations, and unless
commercial and industrial history fal
sifies its record, which may reasonably
be held to be most unlikely, the whole
vast machine will In due time adjust
itself to the requirements of open, act
ive competition In business.
RIVER NAVIGATION IMPORTANT.
No city can hope to be truly great
without communication by sea to sup
plement its railroad service. Chicago,
which is blessed with overland trans
portation, is sending vessels by the
long route down the lakes and the St.
Lawrence, and wants her canal from
Lake Michigan to the Mississippi wid
ened and deepened for large ves
sels. Baltimore and Philadelphia
keep a jealous eye on water communi
cation. In New York the Merchants'
Association has made a special business
of urging deep channels to the sea.
The Mississippi Valley prides itself
that "vessels drawing twenty-six feet
are 'passing through the jetties below
New Orleans," and is pressing the
Government to increase the depth to
thirty or thirty-five feet through the
Southwest Pass. "The Mississippi Val
ley," says the St Louis Globe-Democrat,
"is the greatest waterway of
North America, and its significance In
the foreign commerce of the continent
is certain to grow." Second in impor
tance among North American rivers is
the Columbia, which Portland and its
tributary dountry demand shall be
opened to free navigation.
The most conspicuous example of
prosperity when river navigation was
free, and of decay when river improve
ment was -neglected, is furnished by the
historical cities of Nantes and Or
leans, on the Loire; in France. Con
ditions on the Loire are the subject
of a recent report by Joseph I. Brit
tain, United States Consul at Nantes.
In the days of flat-bottom boats an im
mense amount of commerce was car
ried on the river from Nantes to Or
leans, and vessels of deeper draft went
as far as Nantes. After the building
of the Orleans Railway, which paral
lels the Lolref interest in river work
waned, and shifting sands soon ren
dered navigation above Nantes im
practicable. This deprived the people
of the Upper Loire of cheap freight
rates. The river from Nantes to the
sea, a distance of thirty-five miles, was
neglected, making it impossible for
vessels, except those of shallow draft,
to reach that city. One of the practi
cal results of the abandonment of water
navigation and of placing entire de
pendence upon the railroad was the
commercial development of St Nazalre
and Paimboeuf. at the mouth of the
Loire, and the decline of Nantes as a
great shipping port.
The business interests of the Loire
region, realizing the seriousness of the
situation, started a movement which
resulted in the construction of a mari
time canal from Pellerin to Migron,
near Paimboeuf, a distance of twelve
miles. This canal cuts off a shallow
bend In the river. It was completed In
1892, and has a depth of 19.7 feet of
water, corresponding with the depth of
the river from St. Nazalre to the canal
and from Pellerin to Nantes. Its con
struction has proved to be of great
commercial value to Nantes. The
canal was opened In September, 1892,
and six vessels passed through It that
year. Since then the number of ves
sels has steadily Increased each year. In
1900. 312 vessels passed through, an In
crease of forty over 1899, and of 105
over- 1898. The port tonnage Increased
from 543,221 tons in 1890 to 1,000,000 tons
in 1900. Last year the tonnage of Nan
tes and its subports amounted to 2,243,
049 tons. Nantes has taken on new life
since 1892. Numerous large manufactur
ing establishments have been erected,
Including extensive chemical works,
paper mills, phosphate works, flour
mills and shipbuilding yards. Several
miles of new tramway lines have been
built, and many new streets opened.
The improved condition of Nantes re
sulting from, so sirfall a work as a marl
time canal has awakened deeper and
more extended interest in the further
opening of the Loire. 'This interest has
become national, and now the cutting
of the channel to a depth of twenty
six feet from Nantes to St. Nazalre
has been determined upon. The cost of
this improvement is estimated at
$4,250,000. Surveys of the Loire have
recently been made from Nantes to Or
leans. 180 miles above the mouth, with
a view to deepening the channel. The
estimated cost of this work is $26,000.
000. A deep channel to Orleans would
establish connections with canals ex
tending to more distant parts of
France. The deepening of the chan
nel as far as Angers, forty-five miles
above Nantes and eighty miles above
the mouth, to a depth of 19.7 feet das
been practically determined upon, and
the improvement of the remainder of
the river "will doubtless follow.
The lesson which Nantes, Orleans,
London, Liverpool, Hamburg and Bre
men in isurppe, ana unicago, imw
York, Philadelphia, New Orleans, Bal
timore and Portland In the New World,
are teaching is that no city is too far
inland to have deep-water communica
tion, provided it has the commerce to
utilize that navigation. The cities
named have the commerce, else they
would not be centers of finance and
population, and the more commerce
they get the more use they; make of
their water lines. A city on a river
that can be made to bear seagoing ves
sels must either deepen the river so
that ocean ships can load and unload
at Its wharves, or give up hope of
being a great commercial port. The
deeper the channel, the greater the
city.
MONEY MAKES THE WARHORSE GO
John C. Schwab, professor of politi
cal economy In Yale University, has
just published a financial and Indus
trial history of the South during the
Civil War. The wealth of the South
consisted chiefly of lands and slaves.
Its industries were almost exclusively
agricultural. Mines and manufactures
hardly existed. Its means of transpor
tation were far behind those of the
North. The North Included nearly two
thirds of the population of the Union,
and its industrial and manufacturing
resources; its transportation system, In
short, all its resources, were far su
perior to those of the South, and were
the fundamental cause of the final over
throw of the Confederate Government.
The South at the outset was obliged
to make strenuous efforts Jo secure a
domestic supply of salt; it established
cotton mills and shoe factories. There
was never any real scarcity of food
products; for the reason that cotton was
largely displaced by wheat, corn and
fodder. The destruction of railway
lines of transportation created at times
a condition of transient military scarc
ity. In the development of railways the
South was far behind the North, and
the railroads of the North were better
built and equipped, and more efficiently
operated. There were no trunk lines at
the South. To the 51,256 total railroad
mileage of the United -States In 1861
the states of the Confederacy contrib
uted but 9283, or less than 30 per cent.
This figure was soon Teduced by the in
roads of the Union Armies to about
6000. .or one-fifth of the country's aggre
gate railroad mileage. These railroads
were so overworked that they deteri
orated rapidly, and could not be kept In
repair. At the outbreak of the war the
South was without any arms factories;
but within six months a number had
been equipped under the auspices and
control .of the Confederate Government,
the leading small arms factory being
at Columbus, Ga. Heavy ordnance and
cartridges were manufactured at Au
gusta and Columbus, Ga., but almost
all the ordnance of domestic manufac
ture was made at the Tredegar works,
of Richmond. Nails were about the
only article of iron, other than war
materials, produced during the war.
At the outset of the contest no powder
factories existed in the Confederacy,
but by the Autumn of 1861 thefe were
powder factories In South Carolina,
Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee and
other states. Saltpeter was scarce, but
by August 1, 1862, 200,000 pounds had
been produced to swell the much larger
Imported supplies.
Professor Schwab points out that the
blockade was the most effective mili
tary weapon of the North, as It forced
upon the South an economic isolation
which compelled her to revert to earlier
Industrial forms. The blockade, acting
In conjunction with the inflated cur
rency, deranged prices and led to vio
lent speculation, which contributed to
the social, and. political disintegration
of the South during the period of seces
sion. Coercive measures were applied
to carry out financial expedients. The
capital at the South, as represented by
coin in circulation, was quickly ab
sorbed by the early loans of the Con
federate Government. Trust funds and
the investments of educational and sim
ilar Institutions were generally turned
Into Government securities and the
capital they represented swept away,
as were most of the savings of the com
munity. The accumulated wealth of
the past was consumed and not re
placed, and the effect of this wholesale
destruction of capital is still seen in the
impoverishment of the South.
Mr. Schwab thinks that the methods
employed by the Confederate Govern
ment to bring about this transfer of
capital were vicious and Ineffective.
Taxes were neglected, and dependence
was placed upon paper money Issues,
a policy which immensely increased the
difficulty of securing the necessary sup
plies for the army and weakened the
social structure of the South, because
the farmers were unwilling to send
their products to Richmond, lest it
should be impressed at unremuneratlve
prices. The Confederate Congress re
fused to impose the war taxation pro
posed by Secretary Memmlnger, but
enacted paper-money delusions. But
one war tax was laid, and but part of
thai collected. The Southern people
spent their blood like water with splen
did courage, and they came out of the
war completely Impoverished, but they
did not pay taxes for their cause as the
North did to maintain the Union. Pub
lic opinion at the North forced our Con
gress to levy war taxes with a heavy
hand, but the Southern statesmen,
strangely enough, were afraid to ask
a people that were equal to every other
sacrifice to pay war taxe3.
While this wretched financial policy
of the South was of course a contrib
uting cause of defeat, nevertheless Mr.
Schwab thinks that no statesman could
"have devised means of carrying on the
war without recourse to such arbitrary
and disturbing fiscal devices. The
marvel is that the Confederate States,
in spite of the mistaken financial policy
of their government, maintained them
selves so long. No cause in history
ever-evoked more devoted loyalty, and
that cause was supported at a cost
greater than that of any similar con
flict, for the Southerners' sacrifice far
exceeded that of the Revolutionary
patriots; for the South lost everything
in its effort to protract the war and
avoid Its inevitable conclusion. Some
thing might have been saved from the
wreck If the Confederate Government
had adopted other fiscal measures, and
It Is possible that, had It been sustained
by a sound system of finance resting
on war- taxation. It might have worn
out the persistence of the North and
patched up a lame, illusory and tran
sient peace, for the furious pace of the
war had reduced the North to such a
financial strait that if victory in the
last great campaign had not perched
upon its banner, peace of some sort
would have been born out of its mone
tary exhaustion- Money was necessary
to make the warhorse go,, and money
was no longer forthcoming In event of
defeat
Tariff differences .existing between
the United States, and Russlp. are re
garded with much -concern by mer
chants of Moscow. Wholesale firms of
that city have for some years past im
ported large quantities of agricultural
machines and Implements, from this
country, but the Importation of these
articles has almost entirely ceased
within recent months. Trade Is recip
rocal, and trade restrictions are retro
active. The Moscow district the cen
ter of the great Russian livestock and
wool Industry annually exports goods
to the value of 8,000,000 rubles ($4,120,000)
to the United States. These consist
mainly of wool, hides, pelts and some
manufactured articles. A falling off In
Importations of agricultural machinery
from the United States on account of
tariff differences foreshadows the fall
ing off of exportatlons of Russian stock
products to this country, and herein
lies the cause of the uneasiness of Mos
cow merchants. The time has gone by
when a nation can live to itself alone.
Transportation facilities have been too
much elaborated for this. The recipro
city spirit is world-wide, and the more
quickly governments revise their trade
relations to correspond with its require
ments the better for all concerned.
Anent the discussion of church hymns
and "doggerel,' it Is recalled that the
English Wesleyans some time ago "took
steps looking, to the revision of their
hymnal. Finding the task a difficult
one, ifwas suggested, as an aid to the
editors, that the Wesleyan constituency
be polled after a fashion, members be
ing asked to vote for their favorite
hymns. The Methodist Times com
mented editorially upon the contest,
saying that the "rage for hymns of the
Moody and Sankey type has evapor
ated, judging by the returns;" The ten
hymns gaining the most votes were,
first "All Hail the Power of Jesus'
Name," and the following, in the, order
named: "Jesus, Lover of My Soul";
"Oh. for a Thousand Tongues to Sing";
"Rock of Ages, Cleft for Me"; "Holy,
Holy, Holy, Lord God Almighty";
"Abide With Me"; "Sun of My Soul,
Thou Savior Dear"; "Come Ye That
Love the Lord," and "When I Survey
the Wondrous Cross." It Is plain from
this test that religious fervor still finds
expression in old-fashioned church
hymns, however the op'inlons of people
may differ in regard to their poetic fire
and literary yalue.
The political faction that, for lack
of a better or more suitable name,
called itself or.was called by its leaders
the "Social Democratic" party, finds
itself in the condition of "a house di
vided against itself." It will not stand
long, of course. Begotten In anarchis
tic ideas, nurtured by sophistry, led by
demagogy, its dismemberment Is but a
question of a very short time. With a
parricidal ingratitude painful to behold,
Eugene V. Debs has been cast over
board from the ship that he constructed
and vainly tried to steer. George D.
Herron. late of Grinnell, la., is his fit
ting successor, as the popular Idol of
a party that makes bold war to the
extent of its feeble ability against the
established customs of civilized society.
Bom amid the clamor of a great and
senseless strike, fed upon discontent
and cradled in mischief, the party of
Debs and" Herron will soon pass on,
leaving decency and order to marvel
that it had even a brief career in a
limited field of political effort in the
United States.
It may be hoped that Dr. Koch's opin
ion that human beings are not subject
to infection from bovine or porcine tu
berculosis will not cause health officers
to be less wary In 'meat and, milk In
spection or encpurage unscrupulous
persons to foist upon the market meat
and milk from diseased animals. While
it may be presumed that Dr. Koch has
good reasons for his opinion, it does
not seem possible that articles of food
contaminated by the deadly bacillus of
tuberculosis of any type can be taken
Into the human stomach with Impunity.
The very suggestion Is disgusting and
nauseating. It would have been well
If th,e fact, If it is a fact had been
guarded by science, since it belongs to
the type of knowledge- that Is a dan
gerous thing to the careless and un
scrupulous. The dirigible airship, having long
been a dream.' seems about to become
a reality. The Brazilian aeronaut, M.
Santos-Dumont. seems about to capture
the toeutsch prize offered for this
achievement, this being the sum of
100,000 francs. When so staid and con
servative a journal as the New York
Independent expresses the belief, In
view of recent experiments In Paris,
that the question of a steerable balloon
with an airship appendage has practi
cally been solved, it is time for the In
credulous to study the matter, with a
view to revising their opinions if the
facts in the case justify.
An exposition, exclusively scientific,
for accident, sanitary and llfesaving
service. Is to be held at Frankfort, Ger
many, October 5 to 21, Inclusive. The
chief aij will be to benefit those en
gaged in Industrial pursuits, and to
this end visits of workingmen will be
arranged. The general public can have
no Interest-In this beyond an intelligent
desire that those who serve It In scien
tific, sanitary and preservative ways
may be profited by the suggestions,
demonstrations and Instruction for
which the exposition Is designed.
The fact that this city does not own
an ambulance more suitable, or any
vehicle for conveying to the hospital
an ill' or Injured person, than the police
patrol wagon, Is a matter that should
no longer be permitted to discredit our
citizens. The people pay taxes enough
to meet all the necessary requirements
of a municipal government if the money
were judiciously applied. It is not
against the taxpayers, therefore, but
against those who manipulate their
bounty, that this gross and unfeeling
negligence Is chargeable.
It will be well for Mr. Morgan and
President Schwab to end the steel strike
soon in the best way they can. Other
Wise the boa.st as to how the superior
acumen of the trust was to end alMabor
difficulties will look funny. The joke Is
already assuming the proportions of the
one perpetrated on "community of in
terest" by the corner in Northern Pa
cific. The great strike in the steel works is
not yet settled. But it seems to be in
a fair way of settlement. What union
labor is contending for Is the right to
organize in certain mills. If this right
shall be gained, the main object of the
strike will be gained.
.The socialists are treating Debs as a
celebrated convention of Pennsylvania
Democrats, treated Bryan pronounce
him a peerless leader and then give
his "principles" the go-by.
Croker is coming home for the Fall
campaign. He must have seen the
mugwump editorials calling for his abdication.
LESSON OF THE PROCLAMATION
New York "Evening Post.
The Porto Rican intrigue of 1900 also
served to uncover the essentially selfish
and inhuman principle which lies colled
in the doctrine of protection. The reve
lation was, no dcrabt. a surprise to Presi
dent' McKInley himself. He is a kindly
man, and to his overflowing benevolence
it appeared the most natural thing In the
world, as well as a "plain duty," to grant
the Porto RIcans a free market for their
products. But he did not reckon with the
spirit of inveterate selfishness and greed
which, under the name of protection he
himself had done so much to foster and
make insolent.. He appealed to humanity.
But the men who had learned of him that
no argument was worth while which did
not reach the pocket, snapped their fin
gers at his recommendation of free trade.
As they openly boasted, they swarmed Jo
the 'White House and "read the riot act"
to the President, whom they compelled
to retreat ignomlniously and in shame
faced silence from his own brave words.
He must have realized then, If never be
fore, what a dangerous thing it is to give
to one class the right to tax their fellow
citizens for their own profit. Such a priv
ilege, swollen by long .exercise into a
sense of vested right, would stop at no
extreme of cruelty and oppression, Mr.
McKInley then saw, to preserve its
money-making "power intact And it was
only the uprising of an angry people,
amazed at such an effrontery of selfish
ness, which frightened the tariff benefi
ciaries Into agreeeing to relax their clutch
to the extent that we see it) done today.
Nor can we leave this subject without
saying that the Porto Rican legislation is
a supremo illustration of President? Mc
KInley's method. Secretary Long has
been praising him. recently for his won
derful success In "getting along with
Congress." In this respect, the Secretary
said, and with a grave face, so far as the
reporters depose. McKInley was greater
than Washington or Lincoln. 'Mr. Long
left it an open question, apparently,
whether Washington had not more per
sonal courage, or Lincoln a more pene
trating intellect and a greater gift of
winged speech, but In the art of "getting
along with Congress" McKInley over
topped them both. The Porto Rico case
shows how the thing is 4one. Take a
moral position, urge Congress in the most
explicit and moving terms to come to it,
but if it will not what then? Say, "Here
I stand, God help me. I can do no
other"? No, only keep still, allow your
self to be driven by Congress, offer not
one word of explanation or justification,
and prepare some more moral sentiments
to be in a like manner abandoned when
the time comes.
TURNING THE TABLES.
Fred the Walter's Effective Retort
to n Jocose Customer.
New York Tribune.
"Fred," the German waiter, was serv
ing beer to half a dozen customers at a
round table, when he stepped on the tail
of the cafe cat and nearly dropped a
tray of foaming steins. In his anger he
made a kick at the animal, and, missing
her, hurled a few choice German swear
words at her as she slunk away to her
litter of kittens4 under the bar.
"I thought all Germans were taught to
be respectful to their parents, Fred," said
one of the customers, feigning surprise.
"Dot's so," replied the waiter.
"That's your cat, Isn't It?" aBked the
customer.
"Ja!" said Fred.
"She's a mother, Isn't she?"
"Ja!"
"Then, if she's yours and a mother, she's
your mother, Fred, and you ought to treat
her better. I'm ashamed to see you kick
and swear at your mother."
Fred looked puzzled. He had no ready
answer for this old play on words, so
he went on stolidly serving beer. Pres
ently the jocose customer gave Fred a $1
bill to pay for five drinks at 10 cents each,
and rose to go. Fred obsequiously handed
him his hat, a new one, saying:
"You generally wear a derby, Mr. Brown.
Why are you wearing this Fedora to
day?" "Oh, it's a pleasant change," was the
reply.
"Good day!" said Fred, bowing.
"There's 50 cents coming to me," said
the customer.
"I gave It to you," said Fred, "when I
handed you the hat"
"You did not," said the customer.
"It's your hat, is It not?" asked Fred.
"And it's a change, as you just told me.
Therefore the hat's your change. Good
day!"
The Unread Books.
New York Evening Post
All are familiar with lists of "best-selling"
books, as also with triumphant ref
erences to volumes "most in demand" at
public libraries. We are not so often put
on the track of the books which do not
sell and are not read. The public library
of Lincoln, England, has now, however,
ventured upon the decided novelty of giv
ing out the names of books that "have
never left the shelves." It is not so long
a list as one might have imagined only
35 out of the 10,53S volumes In the library
can boast that the dust upon them has
never been disturbed. Works on theology
and history naturally lead all the rest
in this unenviable distinction, and a
treatise or two on sociology, on dyeing,
and on the polarization of light, have
slept the sleep of the unread. Score one
new triumph for fiction, however. Not a
single novel, however bad, however
stupid, however echoing an 'echo,
but has found at least one hope
ful though possibly disappointed reader.
All told, the showing speaks much
for the omnivorous voracity of the
reading public. It Is but a small, a Spar
tan band, that has "never left the
shelves." The Inference Is a fair one
that but few moderns have attained to
the large and careless neglect of a Dr.
Johnson, for whom there were whole
classes of books which he said he would
"rather praise than read."
More Suppression Necessary.
Washington Times.
We are gratified that Mr. Dong, although
he has been tardy in abating the Maclay
"historical" nuisance, has found the cour
age to do it at last It is a credit to him
that he has been able to resist the Influ
ence of th2 Sampson ring in the depart
ment which is responsible for the indorse
ment of the libel. The outrageous vol
ume having been suppressed, it would be
appropriate for Secretary Long to carry
his reform a bit further and suppress the
individuals, well known to him, who, with
full knowledge of its character, procured
Its adoption as a Government text-book.
Maclay's offense is a trivial matter com
pared with theirs.
Opposed to Illiteracy.
Galveston News.
The News believes that in a land of free
schools, illiterates, of whatever color,
should be excluded from the polls, from
the jury box, from the public offices. There
Is no reason why willful Ignorance should
not pay some of Its own penalties, and
there are many sound arguments In favor
of placing a higher value on the privileges
of fulL citizenship. This, aside from the
danger of turning the public service over
to the Ignorance and vice of any commu
nity. The Brave, Stupid Boers.
Hartford Times, Dem.
Steyn escaping from the enemy In his
nightshirt In South Africa is a far mere
respectable figure than Kruger spending
th6 Transvaal money in Holland, The In
stinctive obedience which the Boers yield
to these obstinate patriarchs is something
like the devotion of a dog to a man. It
would be touching were it not pitiful.
-
Complimented by Such Abase.
Washington Post.
Admiral Schley's most complimentary
decoration is the constant attack of the
bureau of fabrication.
DEMOCRATS AND FILIPINOS.
In Event of Democratic Success the
Phlllpines Would Not Be
Abandoned.
Chicago Chronicle, Dem.
Some captured correspondence In the
Philippines explains the source of the con
tinued encouragement which the remain
ing Insurgent leaders receive. Tho Filipino
"junta" at Hong- Kong sent dispatches
to a local guerrilla chief advising him to
hang on, as eventual independence was
sure.
The "Junta" claimed to have information
from the United States to the effect that
"the anti-imperialistic sentiment" was
growing, that the American people were
restive under war taxes and that the Dem
ocrats would win at the next election.
That would mean throwing off the Philip
pines and leaving the people to shift for
themselves.
The best service that can be rendered to
the Filipinos still resisting the United
States is to dispel this fatal Illusion. There
will bo no revolution in American politics
which would result In conferring inde
pendence on the people of the Philippines.
No political change in the United States
will cause the least relaxation -in the
methods of war directed against the Fili
pino factions still In arms against United
States authority.
If the Democrats should carry the next
Presidential election and should elect a
majority in both houses of Congress the
Philippines would not be abandoned. Fil
ipino independence under United States
protection would not be realized. The
Philippines will be held in some way un
der adequate legislation by Congress on
the lines of the late decision of th& Fed
eral Supreme Court "-
This fact might as well be understood
first as last. The "junta" is deceived or it
is attempting to deceive the Insurgent Fil
ipinos. It Is not impossible that the
"Junta" is a "graft" sustained by Filipino
contributions. Xt will fall when the peoplo
of the Philippines understand that the
American conquest means nothing less
than the perpetual political connection of
the archipelago with the United States
under such laws as Congress may provide.
They are with us for good or for evil, as
time shall determine, and It is mostly for
them to say whether It shall be for their
good. They should cut loose from the
"junta" and work out their own welfare.
$
Hobson's Fortunate Failure.
New York Times.
If Admiral Sampson had had the mis
fortune to be hated and pursued by
enemies as malevolent as the enemies of
Schley they could easily have made out
of the sinking of the Merrlmac in the
channel of Santiago Harbor a case Im
measurably stronger against him than
the manipulators of the "loop" incident
have ever been able to make against
Schley. Was not Sampson sent out to
destroy Cervera's fleet? In order to de
stroy him was it not necessary to get at
him? But the sinking -of the Merrlmac
was Intended to close the harbor, so that
Cervera could not get out nor Sampson
get In. There would then have been no
battle, no danger. How easily a knavish
mind could on such a basis rormuiate
charges of cowardice against Admiral
Sampson, a brave, capable, and skillful
commander! The truth Is that the Mer
rlmac business was nothing worse than
a bad blunder. Had Hobson succeeded
in sinking tne vessel athwart the chan
nel, as was planned, he would have
brought on the worst disaster of the
war. For It was the destruction of the
Spanish fleet that enabled Shatter's
troops to compel the surrender of the
town. Our military preparations, made
under Alger, of shameful memory, wese
so defective and we came so perilously
near to failure In that undertaking that
it Is most unpleasant to dwell upon the
possibilities that might have confronted
us if Cervera had not succeeded in pass
ing by the sunken Merrlmac to his doom.
0
Good Faith nt Lniit.
Chicago Inter Ocean, Rep.
The President's proclamation of free
trade with Porto Rico, in view of the
history behind It, might well have read
as follows:
Whereas, I declared In my message of De
cember 4. 1890. that "our plain duty Is to
abolish all customs tariffs between the United
States and Porto BIco. and give her products
free access to our markets;" and.
Whereas, Congress was diverted from this
purpose by the Oxnard-Myrlck beet-sugar lob
by, and coerced Into enacting an unjust tariff
law to the Injury of Porto Rico: and
Whereas, It was made clear that the Amer
ican peoplo were opposed to this discrimination
against the Island recently annexed; and
Whereas. The Porto RIcans have compiled
with the conditions Imposed by tho Foraker
law,
I do hereby, with great relief and satisfac
tion, announce that, after many vexatious de
lays, "our plain duty" has been performed, and
all customs tariffs between the United States
and Porto Pico are abolished.
As it Is, however, the President an
nounces, with simple dignity, that Porto
Rico hereafter wilUbe In our own customs
system and on the same commercial foot
ing as are our other territories. Thus has
Justice been done. Thus has the pledge
of the United States Government to the
Porto RIcans been kept rather late, to
be sure, but yet kept at last.
Offends His Prosaic Soul.
PORTLAND, July 30. (To the Editor.)
In last Sunday's Oregonlan you printed on
the editorial page a column headed
"Hymns That Are Not Doggerel." The
first two lines of the second stanza of the
first poem entitled "The Trinity" are as
follows:
Holy, holy, holy I all the saints adore thee.
Casting down their golden crowns around tho
glassy sea.
If these two lines, and especially the
latter one, are not doggerel, then I do not
know what constitutes doggerel. I should
characterize these lines as absurd, tri
fling and silly, which is even worse than
plain, ordinary doggerel. Why the saints,
If they have golden crowns, should cast
them down around the glassy sea, if
there be any such thing as a glassy sea,
is not explained In this alleged hymn.
Some people In this life are unfortunate
enough to have glass eyes, but why a
sea should be of glass, and why thean
gels In adoring the Almighty should do so
by casting down their crowns around an
Imitation sea Is not shown. It may be
good rhyme, but It does not appeal to
one's reason or common sense.
PRESBYTERIAN.
Pass Around Those Islands.
Providence (R. I.) Journal.
The suggestion that Hawaii be an
nexed to California has brought out the
further suggestion that Guam be added
to Rhode Island. Why not? We should
still be the smallest member of the
Union, and nobody could perpetrate
again the ancient jokes about walking
around the state before breakfast or hal
loing across from Massachusetts to Con
necticut The Government might hand
over an island or a group of islands to
each state, and so settle once and for all
the administrative status of our new pos
sessions. I
t
With Mary.
Frank L. Stanton In Atlanta Constitution.
I.
Life had been goln the lonesomest way
All the world seemln' so dreary.
But the meadows wuz smllln' as If with the
May
As I come from campmeetln' with Mary!
All the wort' beamln with lovo an with light.
Hills lookln green' an' the streams flashla
bright,
Birds In the branches a-slngln' Jest right
As I come from campmeetln' with Mary!
II.
What did I care for the world an Its gold
She at mr side, like a fairy?
Love had Jest all that his arms cared to hold
As I come from campmeetln' with Mary!
The green o' the world an the blue o the
skies.
Joy for life's Borrow an' songs for Its sighs,
A kiss from her lips, an the love In her eyes
As I come from campmeetln' with Mary I
, NOTE AND COMMENT. . )
There's plenty of good flsh in the
Columbia River.
If there is no wind, the Constitution 13
a very fast boat
With a pay roll of ;i00,000 a day, Astoria
has forgotten all about the common
point.
The English have adopted the shirt
waist It's so blooming American, yo
know.
Maclay probably now wishes he had de
voted hl3 attention solely to Richmond
Pearson Hobson.
The threat of a coal strike came at a
time of year when its only effect was to
draw forth smiles of derision.
If there are any Admirals in the United
States Navy who have not yet been re
viled, let them step to the front
If it were not for their dally duty of
settling the Chinese indemnity, the Min
isters at Pekln might find the time hang
ing heavy on their hands.
The providential discovery of liquid air
Is the only thing that enables General
Felix Angus to keep cool during this try
ing crisis In the Nation's affairs.
President Shaffer has the satisfaction
of knowing that by securing an interview
with J. P. Morgan he used up about
$1,000,000 worth of that gentleman's time.
Historian Maclay Is a victim of over
production. Had he not written one too
many volumes of his history he might
still be In a fair way to a peaceful career.
One thousand school teachers are go
ing to the Philippines to instruct the un
taught savage In fhe multiplication table
and teach them to recite "The Boy Stood
on the Burning Deck."
California has not made good Its claims
to the title of the Greece of America.
The peach, which is largely exported by
California, is not exactly the style of
Grecian beauty with which statuary has
made us familiar.
The Emperor of Japan has an allowance
of something like J2.C0O.0CO a year to keep
up the Imperial establishment He has
also a large private fortune, having in-
I vested in stocks and a great deal of
wealth in land. At the close of the Chinese-Japanese
war Parliament voted his
majesty 20,000,000 yen, an amount equal
to 10.000,000 gold dollars, out of the indem
nity paid by the Chinese, as a mark of
gratitude for his directing the naval and
military operations.
A London diamond merchant, while go
ing to his office recently, in a fit of ab
straction, pulled an old envelope out of his
pocket and commenced to tear it up.
When ho reached the last section the ter
rible fact dawned on him that it was the
envelope in which were some 1600 small
diamonds valued at $500, and that he had
been sowing these broadcast over a public
thoroughfare. Some of them have been
recovered, but others have never been
heard from.
The people of Hartford, inspired thereto
by tho Times, have contributed $SO0O in
token of their appreciation of the simple
heroism of Miss Ida L. Hathaway. She
was a nurse In the Hartford hospltar,
where. In tho line of dutyr she contracted
opthalmla from a young child committed
to her care, of so serious a character that
It led to blindness. Knowledge of the
Irremediable fate which had overtaken
her only served' to reveal the strength of
this young girl's character, for she ac
cepted It as ordered of God and without
repining. Now a sympathetic community
has Insured Miss Hathaway's future sup
port. A lltttle Philadelphia boy carried a bas
ket into a hospital dispensary the other
day. Taking a pet rabbit from tne Bas
ket he begged some of the doctors to do
what they could to relieve his bunnie
from suffering. An examination showed
that the rabbit had an abscess In Its right
ear. One surgeon held the little animal
while another lanced the swelling. After
the treatment the rabbit showed every
sign of being grateful, while the owner
wanted to know if a $5 bill was sufficient
to pay for the operation. On being told
that there was no charge the grateful
little fellow thanked the physicians warm
ly, and, putting the rabbit back Into the
basket, hurried home.
."One of my best friends," said a law
yer, "Is a man who has tried suicide
twice. The first time, on an August night,
he swallowed a bottle of laudanum, bade
his wlfg farewell reproachfully, and lay
down in his front yard on t'he grass to
die. But he had taken an overdose, and
a few days later I visited him in his sick
room, and we conversed on general top
ics, without any reference to the lauda.
num. The second time he was walking
with his wife on a cliff that overlooked
the sea. 'Now I will end If he exclaimed,
and leaped down nearly 60 feet Vo tho
beach, only breaking a leg and two ribs.
Since then his wife has died, he has re
married, and there Is no fear of his try
ing suicide again. Naturally, he is sen
sitive on the subject I am his best friend,
and self-de3truction is a topic that? I and
all who knew him well avo.d with him.
Indeed, if he is present when this topic is
brought up he leaves the room at once."
t
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
A Rainy Day In an Umbrella Store. Cus
tomer I want an umbrella. Dealer Do you
want a good one, or one you can lend a.
friend? Boston Transcript
Offering Her a Bargain. "Lady, won't you
kindly give a pore man cents?" "Nine cents?
Why don't you ask for a dime and be done
with ltr "Oh, no, lady; I know the sex too
well. J. wuz onct a married man." Boston
Traveler.
Lack of Confidence. Assistant Is the mean
ing of this poem absolutely Incomprehensible
to you? Magazine Editor Absolutely! You're
going to accept It. aren't you? "Oh. yes. But
I wasn't willing to trust my own Judgment."
Llfe.
Her Vanity Snubbed. Mrs. Horse Does my
hat really look pretty on me? Mr. Horse I
have told you so 15 times; now. trot along, and
don't be gazing at yourself In every plate
window wo come to. Chicago Record-Herald.
Logical. Mamma Willie, shut that window
screen. You're letting the flies In. Willie
Well, you've got to let some of 'em In. Mam
ma Why? Willie 'Cause If you don't let 'em
In, how are they goln' to get on the fly-paper?
Philadelphia Press.
Mistaken. "Did you say those folks who
Just moved Into the neighborhood were so
cialists?" asked the woman who was leaning
over the back fence. "Yes," answered tho
next-door neighbor. "Well, I suppose you see
by this time you are mistaken. We have had
four socials since they moved in, and they
haven't been to one of them." Washington
Star. ,
An Appreciative Patron. "Did you annoy
my predecessor on the bench as much as you
have annoyed me?" Inquired the Judge of the
frequent offender. "No, Judge,' said tho
tough one, "I always thought so much of you
that Just as soon as I heard you was elected
I made up my mind to give you all my legal
business and I've done It." Cleveland Plain v
Dealer.
-L