yr
THE MOHNING OREGONIAN, FKIDAY, JUNE Si, 1901.
ttg rgomcm
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YESTERDAY'S WEATHER. Maximum tem
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TODAY'S WEATHER Fair; northwesterly
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PORTLAND, FRIDAY. JIXE 21, 1001.
OREGOX IV GEOGRAPHY.
It is a cold, cruel world, and upon oc
casion a very ignorant one. Misinfor
mation concerning Oregon, in particu
lar, is remarkably well disseminated
and picturesquely varied. The Innocent
school children of the country. If they
depend upon their schoolbooks, will
etow up with a very unsatisfactory
Odea of this region. One geography, for
example, says that the Willamette Val
ley Is the most fertllo part of Oregon.
Reference" Is" made to its "extensive
fields of wheat," but nothing Is said
about the extensive wheat fields of
Eastern Oregorrr it Is difficult to see
liow the claim of greatest fertility could
be established for the Willamette Val
ley, whether in grain or fruit. The
Inland Empire is thus characterized:
Oregon, like Nevada, has Its sage plains.
Between Bitter Root and Cas-cade Mountains
the country Is covered with sage bushes as
'with a gray mantle. The air smells of sage.
The grouse arc called sage hens, and sage Is
everywhere.
In another geography this same as
sertion about the superior fertility of
the Willamette Valley is given, to--sefher
with the information that rain
fall is plentiful both east and west of
the Cascade range. Oregon's gold In
dustry Is dismissed with the statement
that the output is .lot large. Seattle's
population and Tacoma's are given, but
rot Portland's, and this discrimination
is curiously clung to throughout the
description. In Oregon coal is "abun
dant," in 'Washington It is "inexhaust
ible." Washington exports "great quan
tities of grain," Oregon "exports agri
cultural products." Fully two-thirds
of Oregon "is covered by lava rock,"
"while in Washington the soil is "formed
largely of decomposed lava," and "is
very fertile and deep." Upon Oregon's
"mountain slopes grow great forests
'of timber," whereas Western Washing
tin "Is covered by some of the finest
.timber forests In the world, the supply
being sufficient for generations to
'come." Oregon's streams furnish
"abundant water power," whereas In
Washington the "numerous rivers"
with water power guarantee that "as
the state becomes older manufacturing
'will be a prominent industry." In
Oregon "agriculture, including the cul
tivation of hops, is important," while
"Washington "Is especially adapted to
the growth of hops and fruit." As to
the Columbia River, Oregon's com
merce "has the benefit of it," but its
chief end is obviously to serve Wash
ington, inasmuch as "the ocean inlet
and the Columbia River furnish excel
lent transportation, and the coastwise
commerce of the state is of growing Im
portance." There is, evidently, such a
place as Oregon, but In Washington
soil is fertile, population growing
apace, resources tempting to settler
and investor alike, and the future big
With promise.
From still another geography we
glean, the Interesting Information that
while Puget Sound forms many fine
harbors, "sandbars form at the mouth
of the Columbia and make entrance
difficult for large vessels." The jetty,
consisting of "massive stone walls," has
been heard of, but whether it has any
effect on the channel the geographer
has no knowledge. Portland is "the
commercial center of the state," but
Seattle and Tacoma "have excellent
harbors." In this geography Oregon
gets just ten lines. From another geog
raphy we learn that Portland has reg
ular steamship lines to Sitka, but noth
ing concerning any Alaska steamers
irom Puget Sound. The seventeen
lines or so devoted to Oregon convey
no adequate idea of the state's re
sjurces or peculiar advantages. An
other school geography locates "the
fertile Sound Valley" as In Oregon, and
also says that "Portland Is the largest
city in the Sound Valley."
It is very evident that whatever
geography Is selected by the text-book
commissioners for the schools will be
far from Ideal. They will have to do
the best they can, all things consid
ered, and put up with the minor Inac
curacies. Meanwhile, the gentlemanly
and assiduous agents of publishers may
be depended upon in due time to bring
the errors to the attention of their re
spective houses and insure their correc
tion in subsequent editions.
The New York Sun's candidate for
the Republican Presidential nomina
tion in -1904 is United States Senator
Foraker, of Ohio, and it describes him
as having "James G. Blaine's force, fire,
experience, his unbounded view of
things, his partisanship, and, above all,
his identification in spiritual and polit
ical equality with the people of Amer
ica." Hayes, Garfield and McKinley
were from Ohio, and Harrison was
born In Ohio. We guess Ohio will have
to rest on its Presidential laurels for a
while. Furthermore, Foraker Is not
one of McKinley and Hanna's political
family circle. For years It was war
to the knife between the Sherman-Mc-Kinley
faction and the Foraker faction
In Ohio politics, and then Foraker Is
cordially hated by McKinley and
Hanna because he Is a vastly abler
man as a lawyer and orator than "Will
lam McKinley.
GERMANY'S IDLE LOOMS.
Charles Neuer, Consular Agent at
Gera, Germany, speaks specifically In
a late official bulletin of the marked
change that has taken place in the
woolen dress goods industry of his con
sular district and others in Its imme
diate neighborhood. Prosperous con
ditions prevailed In these districts until
1900, but early in that year there was
a falling off in the values of wool and
woolen yarns of from 50 to 60 per cent.
This, of course, resulted In enormous
financial loss. A factor in this depres
sion was the loss of the United States
market, owing to suddenly increased
home production in this country, fed by
a substantial revival ofindustry. Other
factors were the high tariff of Russia
and the establishment of factories on
a large scale in that country and a
decrease in exports to Scandinavia,
Austria and England. As a result of a
combination of these causes, two-thirds
of the woolen looms In these Important
manufacturing districts, of Germany
were idle last year, and there is as yet
no sign of a resumption of activity.. Of
the many manufacturers previously
engaged In the dress goods trade with
this country, only seven or eight are
still left, and these ship less each sea
son. A significant feature of the conditions
reported is noted in the establishment
of branch factories by prominent Ger
man manufacturers at Passaic and
Philadelphia. This transfer of indus
trial plants to our shores from Ger
many is indicative of business sagacity
seeking and finding a market for the
products of its Investment. Tariff re
strictions cannot be over-ridden; retal
iation by the Government will not, ex
cept to a limited extent, help manufac
turers of dress goods of the class that
find or have hitherto found a profita
ble market in the United States. But
it is possible by joining hands with
American capital and "moving over"
for German manufacturers to circum
vent conditions that they cannot abro
gate or control. In this endeavor, one
of the largest Gera factories has been
partially transplanted to our shores,
and Consul Neuer Is confident that oth
ers will follow as soon as capital can
be enlisted in favor of the scheme. In
his opinion the situation affords excel
lent opportunity for some of our large
American capitalists to combine with
intelligent and reliable European man
ufacturers In the promotion of home
Industry. The unrest In our labor mar
ket has a tendency to make capitalists
cautious of Investment, and with good
reason. Trained labor Is, after all, the
dominating power in Industrial enter
prises, since these can only be made
remunerative by skilled labor adjusted
upon a basis of contentment and fair
wages.
PRURIENT PRUDERY".
The Toung Men's Christian Associa
tion at its recent meeting in Boston
was tendered a reception by the ladles
of that city at the Art Museum, and
voted to accept the invitation in spite
of the protest of Bishop Mallalieu, of
the Methodist Church, and others, made
upon the ground that the place where
nude marble figures were exposed was
not proper for such an affair. The mo
tion to accept the lrivltatlon to the Art
Museum was warmly supported by the
president of the Y. M. C. A., William
E. Dodge, of New York City. At the
reception. Miss Helen Gould and Mrs.
Russell Sage, and the wives of the
leading business men of Boston were in
the receiving line Since th? reception
there has been a deal of discussion over
the action of the association, but the
wisdom of Its action has not been at
tacked, save by that old-time elephant
of the lecture field, Josephus Flavius
Cook. But the Y. M. C. A. leaders
stand to their guns and refuse to con
fuse the nude in art' with the lewd.
A nude picture or figure is not neces
sarily obscene, while a picture or figure
that is not nude at all may be clearly
lewd and Indecent in attitude and ex
pression. Powers' "Greek Slave" is a
nude figure, but nobody but a fool
would call it obscene art. A decent
mother suckling a babe contains no
suggestion of indecency, but a bawd
buttoned up to the chin, leering and
gesturing lewdly from her window at
the passers-by would be an obscene
spectacle.
It Is a narrow, misleading view to
confound the distinction between the
nude and the lewd. There Is hardly a
picture by Raphael. Correggio, Titian
or Murillo that does not Include nude
figures In the form of cherubs or kin
dred shapes of naked innocence. The
"Venus de Milo," the "Venus di Med
ici," the "Apollo Belvldere," and a host
of other celebrated statues are nude,
but they are not indecent, much less
impure in attitude or expression. We
are become a race of moral dwarfs if
we cannot be trusted to discover any
thing but "the dangerously obscene"
in an exquisite statue because it is
nude art. If this shallow plea against
the nude is pressed to its logical ulti
mate. It is 'just as good tfgalnst literary
as against pictorial art; It would for
bid the decent world reading Shakes
peare, Chaucer, Cervantes, Montaigne,
Pope, Fielding, Burns, Byron, Balzac,
and many other famous writers. The
same theory of morals would expurgate
the classics, the "Arabian Nights,"
Boccaclo, and even the Old Testament.
This vulgar philosophy of public edu
cation Is worthy of the Moslem who
requires all women to be veiled In pub
lic and maintains a harem. Emerson.
Runctured this prurient prudery to the
bone when he replied to the austere
lady who. asked him if he did not re
gard the beautiful nude statue he was
contemplating as immoral: "No; but so
much cannot be said for the mind that
sees in It any immorality."
The flaw in all this kind of Puritanic
philosophy lies in the fact that it as
sumes to treat the whole world of civil
ized society as If It were nothing but
a vast collection of moral dyspeptics
and deformed degenerates, who have
been so tainted with foul thoughts that
they can see nothing In the nude body
of a crucified Christian hero and mar
tyr but an obscene spectacle. This
philosophy of art Is nothing but the
survival of the old Iconoclasm of the
Puritan, who, after he cut off the head
of Charles I, turned his ax on the art
and architecture whose nourishment
was the only good thing Charles had
ever done for England. To the Puri
tan every nude statue or picture was
an abomination, as was every book
that was not redolent of rancid piety
and tyrannical theocracy. Cromwell
interfered to save for himself the car
toons of Raphael, Titian's Herodias,
and several other great pictures, but
England lost and the great galleries of
the Continent were enriched by the
purchase of the finest collection In Eu
rope, which Included 1760 pictures,
many of them by Titian, Correggio,
Tintoretto. Reubens, Vandyke and Hol
bein. Save what Cromwell rescued,
these were all sold for a song by the
art-despising Furltans, who deemed
them the Inspiration of the devil be
cause many of them were originally
produced under the patronage of the
Vatican and other Catholic courts for
the decoration of their churches and
convents.
Rome did not spare the art and liter
ature of the Moors in Spain, nor of the
Saracen civilization; but when Rome
had long ceased this vandalism of big
otry. Puritanism picked it up, and its
modern evangelists are full of this
philosophy today. Prohibition is noth
ing but this same philosophy in another
form. Because some men are intem
perate, no man shall look upon the wine
when it is red; because some men are J
lewd in thought and purpose, nobody
shall look upon the nude, which is not
the lewd in art or literature. The world
is to be governed by the rules of a vast
hospital and hermitage, despite the fact
that the vast mass of society that lives
and moves and imparts all forward
impulse to the world Is sound In mind
and heart, in limb and stomach. A
decent woman who was fit to know the
nude in the schools of art and anat
omy; to help the surgeon at work In
the hospital, ought to feel insulted at.
the suggestion that the sight of the
nude In art is Instinct with corrupting
Influence. Let the prurient prudes be
ware lest they protest too much, for
their very protest reveals a vulgar self
consciousness of the very state of mind
that they pretend to dread will possess
the souls of their fellows through the
sight and suggestion of nude art.
LESSONS OP THE STRIKES.
Some of the strikes have been settled;
some remain still In force, but the les
son of them all is that no strike can
succeed when public opinion is strongly
against it, and public opinion in this
country on the whole is generally
strong against folly, bad faith or vio
lence. To illustrate: The strike of the
National Cash Register Company, at
Dayton, O., ended In a complete sur
render of the labor union after the 2000
workmen had lost $120,000 In wages in a
vain effort to compel the company to
reinstate two men who had bedn dis
charged for incompetency and Improper
conduct, and three or four others It did
not need. The strike In the shops of
the New York Central Railroad at De-i
pew. N. Y.. was called off by orders
from the International Association of
Machinists, which decided that the
strike had been too hastyv In both
these cases the failure of the strike was
due to the folly of its leaders in acting
without reasonable grievances.
The strike of the Machinists' union
called forth a statement from the Metal
Trades Association that the association
made a formal contract with the union
less than' a year ago, by the terms of
which strikes were not to be ordered
until arbitration had been tried and
failed. When certain demands were
made a few weeks ago by the union,
accompanied with an order to strike if
they were not complied with by a cer
tain date, the Metal Trades Association
appealed to the contract and urged that
the dispute be submitted to arbitra
tion. No attention was made to this
appeal, and the strike has taken place.
It deserves to fall, for the machinists'
union has been guilty of bad faith.
The Metal Trades Association recog
nizes the right of workmen to combine,
to decline to work, to sell their labor
for the best price they can get, but
claims for Itself the right to employ
men who do not belong to trades-unions
and the right to discharge 'unsatisfac
tory employes. They condemn both
strikes and lockouts, and hold that all
labor disagreements can be rationally
settled by other means, and point out
that the true way to shorten working
hours and raise wage3 Is to advance
rather than obstruct production by im
proved methods.
The strikes in Paterson and Ampere,
N. J., and at Albany, N. Y., were
marked by wanton violence toward peo
ple exercising theJr right to work on
their 'own terms, and by a lawless ef
fort to determine for employers whom
they shall hire and who shall be per
mitted to work. These strikes have
failed, or will probably all fail, because
their leaders have by their folly, vio
lence or bad faith alienated from them
the natural sympathy of the public,
which is almost invariably on the side
of the strikers when their quarrel with
capital is just.
On the other hand, in New England,
notably in Massachusetts, there has
been wise leadership on part of the
strikers. At Holyoke, Mass., it was
asked of the striking firemen that they
allow men to work in the mills that
depended for fire protection on the
fire pumps. This the firemen's union
granted, stipulating that the men be
employed for that alone, and not for
turning the wheels In the paper mills.
Not an arrest has been made in which
a striker was concerned. There have
been no scenes of disorder or violence.
The tone of the speeches at the strik
ers' meetings has been free from vio
lence and passionate appeals. The pub
lic niind Is naturally favorably im
pressed by the sober efforts at accom
modation of differences between the
millowners and strikers.
The Massachusetts State Arbitration
Board has effected an agreement at
Northampton between the cu'lery work
ers and their employes. The men will
work on the ten-hour schedule until
October 1, when a nine-hour day with
the same pay will be the . rule. At
Westfleld, Mass., the toolmakers of the
American Bicycle Company won their
demand for a nine-hour day, and so did
the Stevens Company, of Chicopee
Falls. The remarkable thing is that
this moderation of language and action
has been maintained, despite the fact
that the losses on both sides have been
exasperating. The 3000 operatives at
Holyoke Paper Mills have lost from
wages alone about $50,000, and the loss
of the paper mills must have been large
In profits, taxes, water rent and In
terest. The fact that labor has lost Its bat
tle when Its leaders were guilty of folly,
violence or bad faith, and has won it
where its leaders have acted with pru
dence and within the law, shows that
the real need in the disputes between
capital and labor Is not more legal
machinery for the settlement of quar-
1 rels, but a fair spirit ot justice and
humanity on bothfeldes. Labor can no
more afford to play tyrant at every op
portunity than capital can, and capital
can afford less Imperlousness In Its
action even wtfen It Is entirely within
its rights.
Hazen S. Pingree was a positive force,
though of an ephemeral character, in
the politics ;df Michigan during the in
terval between his election as Mayor
of Detrdlt, jin 1889, and the close of his
term as 'Governor of the state, in 1900.
His poses as a political reformer were
striking ahd at times sensational, and
throughout his earlier,. work there was
an evidence of sincerity and good-fellowship
that gained him great popular
ity among the. working people and the
unemployed. His potato patch scheme,
systematically worked, developed the
fact that raising garden truck for fam
ily consumption Is much more profit
able to the unemployed during financial
stress than standing upon the street
corners crying: "No man hath hired
us." It lives In story, though no longer
in practice, as an illustration of the
value of self-he'p. In his wider political
efforts Mr. Pingree was successful to a
considerable extent, though the proba
bilities are that few of his reform
measures, so-called, will survive the
experimental stage. As a private citi
zen, Mr. Pingree was without reproach;
as a business man he was actuated by
the same desire to make money that
characterizes enterprising men gener
ally; as a politician, he employed, as is
customary in that role, such methods
as led to a realization of his desires.
Though past the prime of life, his death
may well be regarded as untimely,
since" there had been, until he was
stricken with a fatal Illness, no abate
ment of his energies. The termination
of his life far from home is a matter of
regret, and of increased sympathy for
his family and friends.
The continued isolation of Tillamook
County is as Inexplicable as it is stu
pid. The resources of that fertile coast
region In timber, pasturage and min
eral deposits are large, and as yet prac
tically undeveloped. Nature has shut
this region In between the mountains
and the sea, but reasonable harbor Im
provements on the one hand and rail
road communication upon the other
would dispel the embargo of isolation
and open to settlement a region vast
in natural resources and of unsur
passed beauty and exceedingly equable
climate. A relatively small appropria
tion properly applied would give Tilla
mook an excellent harbor, while the
obstacles to building a railroad Into
that section are not formidable to mod
ern engineering. According to a state
ment made by an enterprising citizen
of that county, "many of its inhabi
tants are sluggish and do not work."
He gives as a reason for this that "na
ture has Indulged them so much that
they are spoiled." Tnere Is doubtless
some truth in this estimate, since it is
well known that human energy is
Bapped by the withdrawal of the neces
sity for labor. But Isolation has had a
share In producing the condition to
which reference Is made, there being
little Incentive to effort directed toward
the production of a surplus when the
doors of traffic are closed against it.
Open a market to these people and
they will more than likely bestir them
selves to meet Its demands. If they do
not, people who will are certain to flock
Into Tillamook, seeking and finding.
It Is only a few days since Mr. St.
Clair McKelway, editor of the Brooklyn
Eagle, delivered an address In which
he deplored the fierce competition with
which American enterprise is assailing
the helpless populations of Europe, and
bespoke a Christian charity that should
temper the wind to the shorn lamb and
minimize the European suffering. Now
we find in the editorial columns of the
Eagle this plea against partisanship on
the part of the lawyer:
Today a jury of twelve men, who have said
nothing, will pass upon the evidence and argu
ments uet before them by witnesses and law
yers who have talked them almost to death.
The spectacle of Lawyer Moore, on. the one
hand, whitewashing Kennedy, and of Lawyer
Osborne, on the other, blackwashlng him, is
a stunt and In a perfect condition of civiliza
tion would be a scandal. Law as it should be
would make a District Attorney as zealous
for the things in favor of Kennedy and Moore
as zealous for the things which made against
him as enher now is" for his own "side." Com
petitive law Is almost, as exciting and Inequita
ble as party organshlp. Should tho Judge pre
siding over this trial execute an emotional
song-and-dance act on the floor for or agalnct
the prisoner, there would be sensation and
disgust. J3ut why -should lawyers be partisans
and Judges not?
We fear the Eagle Is getting too good
for this wicked world.
The beneficent Influence of humane
effort In connection with public school
work can hardly be overestimated.
Children, except in rare cases, are not
naturally cruel. They are led to inflict
suffering uoon each other, and upon
animals In the first place through
thoughtlessness, and afterward from
habit. Specific lessons In humanity
are wanting, while object-lessons In
cruelty are met at every turn. Proper
Instruction In the rights of every liv
ing creature the first of which is to
live its life, and the next to be spared
all needless suffering, whether through
alarm, spoliation or bodily pain will
make the average child the friend and
champion, rather than the foe and per
secutor, of the sO-called "lower creat
ures." The organization, therefore, of
"Bands of Mercy" among the children
of some of the public schools for special
training In these lines may be hailed as
higher educational effort that can
hardly fail to bear fruitage In lives of
tenderness and iustlce.
Nome City, for some months envel
oped In the white silence of the north,
and seemingly far away, Is brought
quite close to those who have friends
and relatives there by the arrival In
Sound ports of its namesake steamer,
which sailed from there June 8. Except
for Its isolation, Nome Is, from the ac
counts brought by this steamer, not an
undesirable place to spend the long
Winter. Provisions were plenty, the
health of the people was good, and
mining operations were carried on most
of the time with fair and in some cases
excellent success. Practical people will
find In this report more Incentive to
"go to Nome" than they found in the
wild stories of gold for the taking that
sent such a multitude thither last year
seeking and finding not.
Bryan says he would like to see the
Republicans nominate Hanna for the
Presidency. As the Boy Orator obliged
the Ohio Senator by running twice on
the Democratic ticket, it certainly
would seem that reciprocity is in order.
The presence -of Mark -Twain and
Theodore Roosevelt at a banquet will
furnish opportunity to quote the poem
which speaks of the range "from grave
to gayt from lively tpj3evere."
GOSSIP OF JUSTICE WHITE,'
New York Evening Post.
. Washlnrton. In reviewing the recent
decisions of the Supreme Court, most
of the comment of personal natto
has fpcussed about Justice Brown and bis
opinions. This Is easily explained; he Was
the member of the court who seemingly
held the balance of power, and wherever
hig conclusions turned the power of the
court rested. He will always be remem
bered, So long as the history of this great
tribunal Is told, on account of his con
spicuous part in the celebrated Insular
decisions, with all their far-reaching con
sequences. But there Is another member of the
court whose courf e In the recent decisions,
taken In connection with the peculiar cir
cumstances of his appointment to the
bench, is very notable. That Is Justice
White, an appointee of President Cleve
land's second term, and the only Democrat
on trie oencn to upnoid tne $P)icy or tne
McKinley Administration. Had he been
on the other side, the three Democrats,
with Brewer and Harlan. Republicans,
would have given a majority against the
Administration in the pivotal Downes
case, and the history of the United States
would have been changed. This fact has
given rise to considerable speculation as
to what would have happened had Pres
ident Cleveland appointed somebody else,
or had Senator Hill not prevented the
confirmation of either of the New Yorkers
whom President Cleveland had nomi
nated. While on this subject. It Is worth noting
that Justice White, on his personal side.
Is as strong an anti-expansionist as the
most conservative of his party leaders.
He still cherishes the hope that the United
States will not retain the Philippines; In
deed, he has been against the whole ex
pansion policy as developed by the Span
ish war. His opinion delivered from the
bench ran counter to his political views,
and was that of a lawyer and a Judge
rather than that of a Southerner and a
Democrat. It has frequently been sug
gested that the sugar interests of Louis
iana, which are afraid of tropical competi
tion, were prominently in his eye, but
there Is nothing to support this view.
Justices of the Supreme Court, of all
public men, are the most removed from
local Interests and personal considerations.
"When they go on the bench, they go for
life, and as they reside In Washington the
tie that binds them to a distant state be
comes weak. It Is said by good lawyers
that a study of Supreme Court decisions
reveals surprisingly little State bias on
the part of individual justices.
Few members of the Supreme Court
have owed their appointment so much to
accident as Edward Douglass White. Two
New Yorkers had failed of confirmation
by the Senate through the Influence of
Mr. Hill, and a third New Yorker, to
whom the place had been offered by Pres
ident Cleveland, had delayed making his
reply until so late that the mall carrying
his letter arrived at the White House
just after Mt. Peckham's nomination had
gone Into the Senate. This third man
would doubtless have been confirmed, had
his name gone In instead of Peckham's;
but after that rejection the President
dldvnol like to try any more New Yorkers.
He fet that a state represented In the
Senate by Hill and Murphy did not de
serve a Justice of the Supreme .Court, al
though It had had one without Interrup
tion for 45 years. He was eager, more
over, to have his next nomination con
firmed, so hit upon the plan of naming a
Senator, since it is an unwritten rule of
the Senate that any of its own members
nominated to office shall be promptly con
firmed. He had long known of the high stand
ing of Mr. White as a lawyer, and of his
acquaintance through thirteen years of
service on the Supreme Court of Louis
iana with a class of civil-law cases in
which the Supreme Court had no recog
nized experts. White had been In the
Senate only a few years, but In that time
had made a reputation for strength and
conservatism. He had been conspicuous
In opposition to anti-option legislation, and
on Constitutional grounds. He had been
one of the strongest advocates of the re
peal ot the Sherman silver-purchasing
act, upon which President Cleveland had
set his heart. He had also followed the
Democratic President In opposition to the
annexation of Hawaii. The only point
upon which they had differed was the
sugar duty; Mr. White early announced
to the President that he would not vote
for the Wilson bill if sugar were put on
the free list, and he continued to take
an active part in the opposition to this
policy even after his appointment to the
Supreme Court, but before he had retired
from the Senate. This subjected him at
the time to some criticism.
One Incident attending the elevation of
Mr. White to the bench was Senator
Hill's speech, giving as a reason for his
favorable vote on confirmation that the
nominee had "never antagonized any reg
ular Democratic organization." Such an
argument was quite worthy of Mr. Hill's
style of politics, but It was about as far
from the truth concerning Mr. White as
concerning any person Mr. Hill could
have thought of. Mr. White had bit
terly opposed the regular Democratic or
ganization of Louisiana when It fell un
der the control of the lottery. In killing
off that evil, like his associate, Mr. Caf
fery, he had taken a very prominent part.
Louisiana had Senators of sturdy vigor
and independence when White and Caf
fery represented her.
Mr. White is a large man, six feet in
height and broad-shouldered. He Is of a
florid complexion, with reddish brown
hair, and, except for short side-whiskers,
smoothly shaven. He Is the first Roman
Catholic since Justice Taney to be ap
pointed to the Supreme Bench; Mr. Mc
Kenna, the latest appointee, Is also of
that faith. Mr. White was a Cbnfeder te
soldier, necessarily entering the service
in extreme youth, for he was born in No
vember, 1845, and so had not reached 20
years when Lee surrendered.
Sunday Banclmll Defended.
New York Evening Post.
Some clergymen in Westchester County,
having failed to stop Sunday golf, now
propose to put an end to baseball. With
out doubt, It Is possible to prevent the
game on Sunday, but Is It always wise
to do so? Games which are boisterous,
which disturb the quiet of those who with
to worship, either at home or in churcn,
or which lead to disorder, should unques
tionably be suppressed. But the Supreme
Court has held that the manifest intent
of the Sunday law is to prohibit only lhat
which constitutes "a serious interruption
of the repose of the community on Sun
day." If a dozen or two men or boys
wish to get amusement and healthful rec
reation quietly from baseball on Sunday
afternoon, zealots for strict observance
should remember that the men and boys
might be far worse employed. If the game
la stopped, they will not, as the Sabba
tarians seem to imagine, march in a
body to the Sdnday school. On the con
trary, they are much more likely to find
their way Into the saloons or gambling
rooms. Competent observers are of the
opinion that the growing popularity of
outdodr sports such as bicycling has done
not a little to lessen intemperance anu
vice on all days of the week. It Is the
part of 'wisdom, then, to deal as liberally
as possible with Sunday athletics, which
may, after all, be co-operating witn tne
church rather than opposing.
Mr. Fnlton Ansvrcred.
The Astorian is out in a long reply to
Senator Charles W. Fulton's recent letters
on the "common point" controversy. It Is
needless to reproduce the bulk of its arti
cle, which merely reiterates the old con
tention of "common point" advocates. The
only thing new In it Is the Astorlan's ref
erence to Mr. Fulton's political ambitions,
which is as follows:
It '-s quite generally understood by persons
familiar with the devious ways of political
strategy that Mr. Fulton has no desire to an
tagonize the Multnomah County delegations;
In fact. It has been said, unkindly and 'perhaps
unjustly, that It was a desire to curry favor
with the men who control the desttnles of the
Republican party In Oregon that prompted tho
assumption of a poaltton on behalf of this
community which Its citizens reject absolutely
and forever.
YANKEES AND GENMANS IX BRAZIL
New York Journal of Commerce.
A correspondent of this paper the other
day directed the attention of American
merchants, shipping men and capitalists
to the opportunities offered by Brazil,
and seemed a little puzzled that Germany
is so far ahead of us in developing them,
but there is no mystery in the case. If
the 'United States is a vastly more attrac
tive field for German capital and emigra
tion than Brazil Is, what must it be to
American capital and labor? German
immigration to Brazil Is lnslenlflcant
compared with that to the United States.
and while no exact figures are obtain
able, no one can doubt that very much
more German capital Is Invested in this
country than in Brazil. The United
States has not looked abroad much for
Investment, because the Held for Invest
ment at home was so great as to absorb
all domestic capital and a great deal of
foreign capital.
We doubt If, there Is anything In the
possibilities of' trade with Brazil that
American merchants and shipping men
are unfamiliar with. It was lately dis
closed that Americans had driven Euro
peans almost entirely out of the plated
goods trade in South America. There Is
a factory of agricultural Implements in
Pennsylvania, a great part of whose busi
ness has been to supply the South Ameri
can market. Two large shipping houses
In this city will at once occur to every one
as engaged almost entirely and for very
many years In South American trade. The
houses that arc Importing coffee from
Venezuela and Brazil, some of them In
their own steamers, are not indifferent to
the possibilities of exporting American
goods to those countries, No email
amount of money Is made in Baltimore
by vessels engaged in trade between this
country and South America. We are
transacting business both ways with
every country to the south of us, and all
the merchants who are doing this busi
ness are keenly alive to every possibility
of increasing it.
Whether the ships that carry the goods
back and forth are American or foreign
concerns us just a it concerns the farmer
whether the teams that haul his grain to
the railway station and bring back the
supplies are his teams; If he can employ
his capital better In raising grain and
leave the hauling to a neighbor who has
teams but no grain fields he will do it.
We have not been very successful with
steamship lines, with and without subsi
dies. The last time we had a steamship
line to Brazil a consular report said that
the freight charges from New York to
Bahia were very high; they were the full
charge to Rio Janeiro and the local rate
back; there was little competition In that
direction, and the business was charged
all It would bear and more than It would
grow under. From Bahia to this country
there was competition with foreign lines
and rates were low. One of the com
plaints made In Congress against the
Roach line, which was subsidized for 10
years, was that It Increased our imports
very much more than our exports.
Americans are pushing the South Ameri
can markets as hard as they can, but if
our cottons arc worth 6 cents a yard
and British cottons are worth 4, we can
not expect to get the bulk of the trade.
Our shipping men will get Into the carry
ing trade as fast as there Is a sufficient
profit in it.
NO GROUND TO STAND ON.
Dut That Will Not Affect the Prohi
bition Fixed Idea.
New York Evening Post.
Out Washington correspondent reports
that an attempt will be made early in the
next session of Congress to repeal the law
prohibiting the canteen, and that a bitter
fight is expected over the question. MUch,
however, will depend upon the character
of the reports which will be presented
from Army officers as to the conditions
since the change was made, and especially
as to the prevalence among the soldiers
of drunkenness, disorder, desertions and
other evils due to drink during the later
period, as compared with the time when
the canteen existed. There are, of course,
fanatics who will take the ground that
the Government must never "become a
partner In the liquor traffic" by supervis
ing and regulating the sale at Army posts,
just as there have always been people
who opposed the internal revenue system
by which the Washington authorities tax
liquor-dealers, and the license system, by
which some states grant the same privi
lege for a fee, on the ground that this
is to "recognize" and "Indorse" a bad
thing. But this element will not count for
much. The overwhelming majority of
sensible 'men and women want to have
that course pursued regarding the liquor
question In military life which experience
proves to be best, as they favor such a
course In treating the same problem In
civil life.
A fair conclusion will be all the easier
In the present case because we shall have
next Winter official reports from a large
number of military authorities, scattered
all over this country and in "our new pos
sessions," which will Rive facts and fig
ures under the canteen system and cor
responding data since Us abolition. If
these comparisons shall show beyond any
question that there has been less of in
temperance and Its attendant evils since
the change was made than before, the op
ponents of the canteen will rightly claim
that the discussion is closed. On the
other hand, If It shall be shown unques
tionably that men who enter the Army
nrw nre more likely to get drunk and
disorderly than when the canteen existed,
the opponents of the institution will have
no ground left to stand upon. There
never was an instance where the policy
that Congress ought to pursue was so
plainly dependent upon evidence which
should carry conviction to any candid
mind as will be the case when all of the
facts and figures In this matter shall be
accessible. The public will sustain the
lawmakers in restoring the canteen or in
maintaining its abolition, according to the
burden of testimony, and there is no oc
casion fof any bitterness in the matter.
Plny-Golngr Iead to Cell.
Chicago Inter-Ocean.
The fascination exerted by the theater
over Teney Lockfar, 16 years old, yester
day led to her arrest on a charge of
stealing. At the Maxwell-street police
station she confessed that she stole to
get money with which to purchase tickets
to the theater. The girl lives at 39
Hope street, and It Is charged that 10
days ago she entered the home of George
Couch, 13 Hope street, while the
family was absent, and took wearing ap
parel The girl was noticed loitering
around the place by policemen and her
arrest followed.
"I wanted to go to the theater,' the
young girl said, "and I didn't have any
money. 'When I saw Mrs. Couch leave
the house I went around to the rear door
and got Inside by breaking a small lock."
The charge of larceny has been entered
against the girl.
.
One Way and Another.
Philadelphia Press.
With a month of revenue still to come
In. the Treasury surplus for the current
fiscal year was on the last day of May
$58,588,695. The Republican party provided
a revenue more than equal to expenditure.
The Democratic party provided one less
than expenditure.
Sonnet of Revolt.
W. L. Courtney, In The Fortnightly.
Life what Is Life? To do, without aail.
The decent ordered tasks of every day;
Talk with tho sober; Join the solemn play;
Tell for the hundredth time the jself-eame tale
xold by our grandslres In the self-same vale
Where the sun sets with even, level ray.
And nights, eternally the same, make way
For hueless dawns, Intolerably pale.
And th's is Life? Kay. I would rather see
The man who sells his soul In some wild
cause;
The fool who spurns, for momentary blls.
All that he was and all he thought to be;
The rebel stark against his country's laws;
God's own mad lover, dying on & kiss.
NOTE A.D COMMENT.
St. Louis will have a great fair, but
wait until you see ours!
The negro question in the South
Where's the nearest tree?'
Strawberries have become so cheap that
they no longer have any flavor.
The Spanish publication corresponding
to our red book on the late war will ot
course be blue.
Kansas has driven out the Populists and.'
Is even going to the length of making'
war on the hobos.
The colleges which have been confer
ring degrees lately should not overlook
Hon. Wu Ting Fang.
Eagles all over this broad land are
spraying their throats and making ready
for the noise of their lives.
General Callles is evidently desirous of
getting Into Manila before Agulnaldo buys
up all the diamonds In sight.
Seattle will not celebrate the Fourth of'
July. A few explosions of bombs might
cut down her population by two or three.
Mr. Morgan will return to America in
three weeks, and general managers of
Independent railroad lines have already
begun to nail down their properties.
The youthful hu'banrt does not know
What matrimony mean.
Until he labors all day long
To hang up Summer screens.
Can't we sign Sir Thomas LIpton, J. P.'
Morgan and Hon. Edward Wettln for at
tractions at the Lewis and Clark Expo
sition? Adjutant-General Corbin will start to
day for the Philippines. It appears that
he was unable to induce General Miles to
accompany him.
Now there has been a row In the Italian
Chamber of Deputies. If this thing keeps
on Cushlng's Manual will have to be ex
changed for the Marquis of Queensberry
rules in European legislative bodies.
The roses bloom on garden walls, the grass la
soft and green.
Through filmy clouds the sunlight sifts uponi
the lovely scene,
Tho birds are singing In the trees, the breeze
Is cool and sweet.
And leafy shades make pleasant all the cool
suburban street.
These things Imply that Summer's here, but
we don't know it i.
Until we go down town and hear the soda
fountain's fiz.
In less than a year Alphonso Xni will
be King of Spain in fact as well as In
name, for on May 17 next he will have
attained his majority, which in Spain Is
16 years. The regency will come to an
end and he will assume the full powers
of his position. Between now and then
his education for his office will be con
ducted on a higher plane than It has been
heretofore. He will no longer be treated
as a child, but will attend all the meetings,
of the Cabinet, and will travel extensively
through the kingdom.
Many theories have been put forward
with regard to King Edward's choice of
name; that Is, the dropping of the ap
pellation "Albert." It Is, however, no
secret that the King never liked thename
of "Albert," and It was only In deference
to his mother's wish that he signed him
self "Albert Edward." More than once
he asked to be allowed to sign himself
"Edward," but the Queen was obdurate.
The King knew that the name of "Albert"
would not b congenial to theBrUyJ5;
nation, and as soon as Queen Victoria
had passed away he communicated to
Lord Salisbury his wish to be known as'
Edward VII.
What carpenters used 100 years ago In,
place of sheathing paper while erecting
the better class of buildings was recently
shown In Saco, Me., while the carpenters
were overhauling the Cutts house on the
high bluff overlooking Factory Island
wharves. At the southwest side It was
found best to pull off some of the clap
boards. What appeared to be loose pieces
of birch bark was found underneath. It
was at first thought one or two pieces
had been put In by chance. But on Inves
tigation the carpenters saw that the car
penters who built the house in 1782 had
laid sheets of birch bark on the sheath
ing to close over the cracks. These sheets
were, held by small handmade nails ot
wrought Iron. Over this were laid hand
made clapboards of pumpkin pine.
PLEASANTRIES OF IARAGRAPIIERS
Time for a Change. Hawkins What do jou
think of the saloon In politics? Robblns I
think It Is In mighty bad company. Puck.
Bobby (aged 6) Harry, don't you hear your
mother hollering after you? Harry (aged 3)
That's nothing. A woman's bound to have
the list word, jou know. Boston Transcript.
His Reliance "Do you really believe In your'
profession of falth-hcaling?" "It depends,"
said the man who Is advertising occult pow
er, "on whether jou mean as a medical aid,
or a financial imestment." Washington Star.
"He'fc too miserable to live." "I admit ho's
sparing enough generally, but he gives him
self a treat on holidays and Sundays." "He
does?" "Yes. On thee occasions ho always
reads some of the most tasty recipes he can'
And in the cook-book." Philadelphia Times.
Easier Way. "I suppose you people down
here are boring new oil wells every day," the.
stranger said "That." responded the busl-ncx-flka
Texan, "would. Indeed, be running
things Into the ground. We find It easier and
mor.' profl'ablo to bore Into the pockets of
tho tenderfeet." Chicago Tribune.
Magistrate Now, my boy, you are on jour
oath. Do you know what that means?" Wit
ness Er no, sir; not exactly. Magistrate
Do you know what j-ou're expected to tell?
Witness (promptlj) Oh. jes, sir, the lawj-er
that brought me here wrote It all down so's
I could learn It off by heart. Tlt-Blts.
Amusing the Children. Mrs. McShantee tri
umphantly) I sec J'e are takln In washln'
again, Mrs. McProudeo! Mrs. McProudee
(whose husband has lost a paying Job) Sure,
It's only to amuse th' chllder. They want th'
windles covered wld steam, so they can make
pictures on them. New York Weeklj-.
Of Two Evils the Lesser. Papa Didn't I
tell you, Willie. If I caught j-ou playing with
T6mmy Jink again I would whip j-ou? Willie
Yes. sir. Papa Then why were you playing
with him? Willie Well. I got Ionesomer than
I thought a Uckln would hurt, so I Just went
over and played with him, that's why. De
troit Free Press.
It Answered the Purpose. "I can't see."
said the visitor, "why you have your genea
logical chart hung up so high. Such things are
extremely Interesting, but no one can exam
ine It where It Is." Here Mr. Porcine took
him gently by the arm and led him Into the
library, where they could be alone. "Mrs.
Porcine," he explained, "was bound to havo
one of them things, and as we didn't have one
right handy I Just framed my prize grey
hound's pedigree and hung It high." Chicago
Post.
A G-Year-Old Boy (and a Pnp).
Indianapolis nun.
(And a pup.)
He hugs that pup until I fear
The breath has left that pup.
He climbs upon the kitchen roof
And pulls that poor pup up.
He grabs that pup by two rear legs
And jells out clear and sweet:
"Eh, pa. now watch this here pup drop
Ar.. light right on his feet!"
I've watched them roll around and play
And seen him time again
Fall square upon that poor pup till
That poor pup howled with pain!
I've seen him kick that pup and make
Tfiat pup feel weak and sick.
Now why Is It that poor pup sticks
To him through thin and thick?
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