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- THE MOKNIXG OREGjQKIAV SATKBDAY, JUXE 15. lQOiL-
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PORTLAX, FRIDAY. JUXE 14, 1001.
SUGGESTIVE TARIFF VOICES.
Speaking of the current British pes
simlsm Mr. Robert P. Porter, once
freetrader,' then protectionist, now ad
vocate of reciprocity, deals the high
protection, theory a staggering blow.
Things are not necessarily so dark, he
says, for Britain's industries. For one
thing her free-trade policy has helped
her foreign trade; while with us, on
the other hands we are restrained by
the difficulty, at home and abroad, of
negotiating commercial treaties, Mr.
Porter's reference is to the reciprocity
treaties negotiated byKasson, but re
pudiated by .the Senate. Our tariff, he
says, stands,' In the way of our foreign
trade.
The progress of enlightened views on
the tariff is also evidenced in the rage
of that pretentious relic of Paleozoic
times, the American Economist, organ
of the American Protective Tariff
League. The Economist has learned of
the approval greeting Representative
Babcock's proposals for removal of du
ties on trust-controlled products. In a
fine frenzy it likens Mr. Babcock to
Benedict Arnold, and says:
As the responsible author of a bill whose
provisions are in direct conflict with the plat
form of the Republican party, as an aowed
enemy to the policy of protection to American
labor ami Industry, is he entitled to remain
ought he be permitted to remain a pseudo
Republican member of the House ways and
means committee? Should he again be hon
ored and trusted with the chairmanship of the
Republican National Congressional Committee?
The. ttbvlolls answer Is "No." To retain Mr.
BabcocW In cither position would be to bestow
a reward Upon disloyalty and trcacherj. Mr.
Babcock must go.
The intellectual acumen and high
moral tone apparent in this extract are
characteristic of the Economist's every
utterance since it began to afflict Ore
gon woolgrowers with appeals for de
mands for higher duties on wool, and
Oregon manufacturers with blank
forms showing the gain in business
compared with" 1893, the Idea being to
attribute the panic years to the Wilson
bill and the restoration of confidence
to the Dlngley bill. A pertinent an
swer to the Economist's raving has al
ready been supplied by the National
Association of Manufacturers, who re
solved: The object of tariff legislation should be to
furnish adequate protection lo such products
only as require It, without providing for mo
nopoly abuses.
It will hardly avail the Economist
to accuse the manufacturers of enmity
to American industry. Neither is Mr.
Babcock such an enemy. He believes
in protection, but not in the abuse of'
protection. And the. association's reso
lution is an almost direct indorsement
of Mr. B"abcock's proposals.
Nothing is clearer than that the tariff
question, the dear, historic Old Faithful
of our politics, is steadily crowding
pther issues out of the way and select
ing for itself the center of the stage
in 1904, perhaps in 1902. Tarik reduc
tion to destroy the monopolistic privi
leges of the industrial trusts, to assist
our factories to free raw materials and
to extend our foreign trade through
reciprocity treaties is not only approved
by the public sentiment of the country,
but Is earnestly demanded by the influ
ential men and Journals in the ranks
of the Republican party itself. Upon
their success must depend the future of
the party; for if tariff abuses and ab-'
surdities are to be perpetuated through
two more sessions of Congress in obedi
ence to the demands of the protected
trusts, then nothing can prevent a
Democratic victory.
If coos'titutlon-makers of Alabama
continue their efforts to purify the" bal
lot, and the state authorities are able
to enforce the restrictions of suffrage
as Imposed by the constitution, a cer
tificate of caste and character inher
ited and acquired from the Angel Ga
briel, or some equally responsible moral
authority, will be necessary before any
man can vote his party ticket in that
state. According to the latest regula
tions prescribing the qualifications of
the legal voter, bastardy sets a man
apart from his fellows as unworthy to
vote. Men afflicted with any contagious-
disease, and those who are of
mixed blood, also fall under the new
ban of disfranchisement, together with,
men who have been convicted of any
crime in the calendar, from illegal vot
ing to murder, excepting only complic
ity in lynching. The object Is, of
course, to disfranchise negroes, but the
terms of exclusion are so sweeping that,
if property enforced, they will make
the polls of Alabama on election day
exceedingly lonely places, excepjt for
onlookers, curious to see what men
with angelic attributes look like, or
whether the constitutional discrimina
tion in regard to voters is real or im-
aginary. The restrictions proposed
have not yet become part of the organic
law of Alabama, but there is no rea
son to suppose that they will be re
jected. That' Is not what theyhaye
been framed for. Of the Justice of
suffrage restriction in that and other
states in the black belt, as well as in
New York City, Chicago and other clt-
ies where ignorance and barter rule at
the polls, there- is no doubt. In this,
however, the extremist finds his oppor
tunity, and is likely to defeat the ends
of Justice by setting up insuperable
obstacles to the exercise of the fran
chise, as contemplated by a free gov
ernment. Thus, to class those who are
""descendants of two or more different
races" and persons who were bom out
of wedlock with loafers and criminals'
as unworthy to exercise the rlghta of
citizenship, is manifestly unjust and ab
surd. Universal suffrage may be a
mistake, but to correct It the qualifi
cations prescribed for voters should not
be bevond the reach of manly effort or
educational purpose, except as such .re
strictions constitute an attainder for
the more flagrant crimes. The only
thing that should act as a perpetual
bar to opportunity for intelligent men
to become citizens worthy of the ballot
is the commission of a crime against
society for which there is practically
no atonement.
THE LAST BID FOR LIFE.
J. M. Callahan, in his compilation,
"The Diplomatic History of the South
ern Confederacy," based upon the Con
federate diplomatic correspondence
purchased by our Government and pre
served in manuscript In the United
States Treasury Department, discusses
"Kenner's mission," the final effort of
the Confederacy to obtain the recog
nition of its independence by England
and France. In the late Autumn of
1864 Mr. Benjamin, Secretary of State,
who perceived that desperate measures
were necessary to save the Confeder
acy, told President Davis that the fu
ture negotiations with Europe must be
on the basis of emancipation as well
as on the seizure of cotton by the Con
federate Government, to purchase ships
wherewith to break the blockade. Da
vis hesitated to act in a matter so
clearly extra-constitutional as would
be emancipation, declaring that the
Confederate constitution was, in his
eyes, the supreme authority. Benjamin
Justified his proposal as a war meas
ure. He believed that by emancipa
tion, coupled with a promise to ship
cotton, the recognition of France and
perhaps England could be obtained.
Finally, without appealing to Congress,
and independently of that body, Mr.
Davis decided to accept the advice of
Benjamin, trusting that the plan, if
successful, would gradually receive the
support of Congress and the Confed
erate States.
Duncan F. Kenner, of Louisiana, an
intimate friend of Secretary Benjamin,
an able man, a rich sugar planter, and
representing personally and by his fam
ily connections one of the largest slave
holding interests in the South, was se
lected as the proposed High Commis
sioner. Kenner was chairman of the
committee of ways and means in the
Confederate House of Representatives.
He had been educated In Europe, and
spoke French. Benjamin sent Kenner
to. Europe early In 165, with general
instructions, giving him not only full
powers as a commissioner to make
treaties and bind the Confederate
States to the emancipation of the
slaves, but also with separate instruc
tions to negotiate for the sale of cotton,
to be seized from private Individuals
by the Richmond Government. These
instructions were based on the princi
ple that the Confederacy could usurp
extra-constitutional powers if these
were needed for its preservation.
Kenner hesitated to accept powers
neither given by Congress nor war
ranted by the Confederate constitution,
but he finally yielded to Mr. Benjamin's
representation that it was necessary to
ignore the constitution in order to save
the Confederacy. Kenner did not reach
Europe before the end of February,
1865, and he was too late, for on March
26 the Confederate envoy. Mason, had a
conversation with Lord Donoughmore,
In which Mr. Kenner's mission, so far
as it related to emancipation, was open
ly discussed. Lord Donoughmore said
It was too late to secure recognition by
the abolition of slavery.
At the outset of the Civil "War the
great English statesman, Disraeli,
promptly declared that Great Britain
could never afford to recognize the
Southern Confederacy "so long as it
made such anachronism as human slav
ery Its corner-stone." The remarkable
thing is not that Benjamin and Davis
decided to offer emancipation and cot
ton for recognition at the eleventh hour,
but that they should have waited until
the Confederacy was a sinking ship
before they reached this determination.
General Lee before this time had urged
the enlistment of the slaves as soldiers,
with the offer of emancipation as a
sound political and military measure.
WHEN WILL POLITICAL BOSSES
COMMIT SUICIDE?
It will not be an easy matter to get
laws that will enable the people to ex
press their will at the primaries. The
politicians, those who man and com
mand the political machines and own
the State Legislatures, will not be swift
to destroy their own parasitic business.
And the matter is In their hands, for
politics is the science of government.
Is it not? and theoretically and prac
tically our Government is In the hands
of the politicians. The demand for
clean primaries comes, of course, be
cause of the rottenness of the political
machines, because the methods of the
bosses are too reprehensible for pop
ular toleration. Still these same bosses
and machines constitute the power we
must ask to dethrone Itself when
we ask for laws that will permit the
people to express their will. Is It any
wonder this reform should be very slow
In coming?
The Australian ballot met a very
chilly reception with the political pow
ers when franchise reformers began
agitating for it. For a time political
bodies shunned it as an imported fad
not entitled to serious consideration.
Then It was found not to be so de
structive of the power of the bosses as
was at first supposed, and Australian
ballot laws, more or less modified to
suit local, sentiment, came in numbers
from the various Legislatures. The
politicians came eagerly to support
these measures because "they could
make a great show of meeting a pop
ular demand for ballot reform, while
at the same time they were actually
doing nothing to imperil the rule of the
bosses. In a sense the Australian bal
lot Is security for the bosses, for the
rulers of parties may name the men to
be voted for and the voter's privilege
practically extends no further than se-
lectlng which political machine he pre
fers to perpetuate. Too often he ftns
candidates representing an essentially
identical infamy, posed on opposite
sides of the-political fence on the Aus
tralian ballot, and there Is no choice.
The bosses render the voters' power
innocuous. The voter perfunctorily
goes to his stall and marks his ballot,
which the bosses have fixed so he can
not Injure them.
But the primary strikes the boss
nearer home. If he 'lose control of tfce
primary, his rule Is broken. If It be
made practicable to nominate candi
dates who have demonstrated superior
capacity and fidelity to the Interests of
the people rather than for their parti
san activity and servile personal serv
ice, where will your political bosrj be?
We are asking the bosses to do Just
this thltig when we ask them to give us
decent primary election laws. "Will
they do it? Yes, when they can no
longer stave off the Inevitable.
Recent experience of "Wisconsin and
Oregon shows how eagerly the politi
cians promise and how accurately
they fail to enact the primary law de
manded by the voters. In both states
the dominant party (by platform in
"Wisconsin, by avowal of candidates
In Oregon) was specifically pledged
to the support, which meant the
enactment, of an adequate primary
election law; In both states' the domi
nant party failed miserably to fulfill
this pledge. In both states the bosses
are so strong that they may evade fr
a time an accounting for this perfidy.
In future campaigns their ingenuity
will be taxed to give a semblance of
consistency to their course. This sham
bling resistance of a popular demand
may be expected to continue, however,
until public sentiment shall overwhelm
them. It is their struggle for life.
When they grant primary reform they
yield their power to rule. This grant
will be slow coming very slow for
political bosses do not covet political
death.
LOWER, INSURANCE RATES TO
TOTAL ABSTAINERS.
According to a recent dispatch, one of
the greatest life Insurance companies
of the .country, the name of which is
not mentioned, has recently established
a total abstinence class of policy-holders,
the membersof which will be given
lower rates than can be secured even
by the moderate drinker. This action 4
was the result of a concerted move
ment on the part of a number of the
most prominent policy-holders of the
country, who represented to the com
pany that they, being abstainers from
all alcoholic beverages and therefore
better insurance risks, were rated with
drinking men, and that on account of
this lack of discrimination they had to
pay'part of the price of drinking. Upon
this showing, after a close comparison
of the records, which was found to fully
substantiate this contention, the com
pany consented to make the "distinction
asked, and will at once form, a separate
class 'composed of men who do not and
will not drink. Among the men who
sought and obtained this distinction
are John Wanamaker, ex-Governor
Larrabee, of Iowa; Senator Fryc, of
Maine; Dr. Edward Everett Hale,
Booker T. Washington, Anthony Corn
stock. Dr. Silas C. Swallow, Senator
Tillman, ex-Mayor Hewitt, of New
York; ex-Senator Peffer, of Kansas, and
Bishop H. M. Turner.
This action gives tto total abstinence
an added monetary value, which, to
gether with the direct savings that re
sult from not handing money over the
bar, may be regarded as quite substan
tial.. It, moreover, makes 'fcffflclai proc
lamation that the total abstainer is rec
ognized as a man in Setter health and
with better chances of long life than
the drinking man, by that most con
servative of all financial agents, the
careful, well-established life insurance
company.
This view Is abundantly supported by
facts, charitably and properly concealed
from the public, perhaps, but known to
insurance and other business men,
which underlie the verdict of death
from "heart failure" In hundreds of
cases wherein men In the prime of their
years pass suddenly from life. For a
prominent insurance company to take
this view and stand for it, ordering Its
business relations with men in accord
ance therewith, constitutes one of the
most powerful because the most practi
cal temperance lectures of the age.
Already self-interest, combined with
the protection of the traveling public,
has discriminated to such an extent
against the drinking man in transpor
tation business that total abstinence
has become a necessary passport to em
ployment on many of the railroads of
the country. It Is to the monetary In
terest of men who would hold respon
sible and well-paid positions to retain
at all times full control of their facul
ties, since without such control they
cannot be trusted with lives arid prop
erty as represented by the swiftly mov
ing railroad train. Upon this basis the
drunkard has been eliminated, practi
cally speaking, from modern transpor
tation business, while the drinking man
of more moderate habits is being moved
upon from the same direction, looking
ultimately to the same end. And now
a life Insurance company proposes or
consents to place the total abstainer in
a separate class with more favorable
rates. These are plain matters of busi
ness that do not need to be illustrated
by fervid temperance lectures embel
lished by painfully realistic represen
tations of the human stomach under
the Influence of alcohol, but they may
be depended upon to operate though
self-interest In behalf of sobriety.
The recent discovery of the widow
and children of Charles Graham, the
song writer, living In abject poverty in
New York, is made the text for a num
ber of articles, the burden of which
is that genius goes unrewarded, and
that its harvest Is reaped by mercenary
publishers and others, who conspire to
rob the' talented of their Just due. Gra
ham wrote a number of songs, the besU
known of which are "Two Little Girls
In Blue" and "The Picture That Was
Turned Toward the Wall." Both en
joyed wide popularity, and had their
author taken even ordinary precautions
to secure for himself a reasonable roy
alty, he might have made a fortune out
of each. "After the Bajl," a catchy
waltz song, whose words are the most
driveling doggerel imaginable, Is said
to have brought Its writer $100,000.
Two young Portland song writers who
were without influence with New York
publishers earned a very comfortable
living for a number of years writing
songs, and while it is possible that they
did not get "all that wa3 coming to
them," they made no complaint that
they were being robbed. In factt "hits"
are so scarce that publishers are only
too glad to make the writing of songs
worth the while of bright young men
and women, and a successful song is as
good as a gold mine to its author if he
does not go out "Into' the street and
make the income .from It a present .to
the first man he sees. Such are the
rewards of popular song-writing, .with
out regard to genius, which seldom en
ters Into the composition of melodies
that cne hears whistled on the street,
Take the tunes that are popular today
and examine them, and you will find
that as a rule they are clever combina
tions of strains in father tunes, such as
any skillful musician can 'put together.
Look at the words closely and yc-u will
flnd'that they will not even bear analy
sis. The "story" of the average popu
lar song is ah ungrammatlcal expres
sion of. cheap sentiment or low comedy,
without a well-turned phrase or a po
etic thought. It may b'e true that many
song writers die In poverty, but If they
do ijt .Is their own, fault, and it is not
clear where genius Is the sufferer.
It Is believed that by proper effort the
American Educational Association
could be induced tq hold an annual'
meeting at Portland. Such meeting
here would be of high value not only
to this city and state, but to the entire
Northwest. It would bring here a large
body of very intelligent observers,,
whose reports of Tvhat .they had seen
would have high value. If our public
bodies, as the Common Council and
Chamber of Commerce, would send to
the association, at its coming meet
ing, a request to hold the next annual
meeting at Portland, with assurance
that all required facilities would be
afforded, It would be highly useful, in
the hands of the delegation from Ore
gon. A further Inducement would be
supplied by assurance of a large in
crease of the membership of the asso
ciation, which could undoubtedly be ob
tained. We know of no organization
or assembly whose meeting here could
be of more value. But It cannot be
had without an effort Somebody must
take the lead In every one of these
things. Work will be required in this
case as In others, but the results will
be worth It.
The Seattle Post-Intelligencer, ex
Senator, Wilson's personal organ, which
seldom thinks on any thing but office
and "patronage" and no wonder, since
the ex-Senator has no other means of
support, visible or invisible discovers
that The Oregonian is "embittered be
cause of the President's refusal tq let
it distribute the patronage." Great
discovery! But hQw characteristic of
the discoverer! If there is anything' in
the world that The Oregonlan doesn't
want or hasn't wanted anything to do
with. It is office and "patronage." Noth
ing is or ever has been so repugnant to
it as the claims of office-seekers and
the methods of office-seeking. For years
and years It has constantly t61d every
one who has come near It that It
wanted nothing to do with these things.
This Is proverbial throughout Oregon
and to an extent In Washington. But
of course the organ-of the ex-Senator
the statesman out of a Job, yet trying
always tp gel" another can't under
stand the distinction and repugnance
of an Independent newspaper to Its own
natural habit of grubbing and nosing
In political dunghills, ,
White the military authorities of the
state are raising 'the standard of physi
cal rpnillrpmpn.tR -fnr thnso -oirVm rlea'rd
- - - wmw .. .., w
to enlist in the National Guard; itoriight
be well to discriminate sharply against
cigarette smokers. Competent medi
cal authorities are unanimous In the
opinion that this very prevalent habit
has a most demoralizing and debilitat
ing influence upon growing boys, while
experts In r penology add the weight of
their experience and observation with
moral and physical degenerates to the
testimony of medical men In this regard.
The recruit, according to the new reg
ulations, must be effective, able-bodied,
sober, free from disease, and of good
character and habits. Either medical
and expert testimony upon this sub
ject Is gravely at fault or the habitual
cigarette smoker would fall far short
in some of these requirements, since
this' habit lessens physical effectiveness
and Increases the liability to moral
lapse of those who indulge it facts that
it is not unreasonable to suppose will
"probably prevent the discharge of
their full duty as soldiers."
The report of the master of the steam
ship Assyrian, wrecked off Cape Race
last wee'k, is unique In maritime litera
ture. The steamer had been running
on dead reckoning for three days, and
when she struck was booming along at
full speed in' a dense fog. Scores of
similar accidents have happened to At
lantic liners, but the masters seldom
make" "such reports as that from the As
syrian. Their reports have always had
the qualifying statement that the ves
sel was "proceeding with caution under
half steam"; that she had "slowed dpwn
until sh barely had steerage way," or
was working "full speed astern." The
master of the Assyrian may lose his
certificate and his position on account
of his amazing departure from the es-1
tablished formula for reporting such ac
cidents, but some recognition should
be given him for hls frankness.
The ranks of the Oregon pioneers
were notably full yesterday. This does
not mean that all the familiar faces
were there, for nature's demands are
inexorable, arid many who were at the
reunion a year ago were absent from
yesterday's gathering; but, a consider
able number ,of pioneers who had for
merly failed to affiliate with the asso-
elation were present yesterday and
filled the gaps where the old members
had fallen out. Yesterday's meeting
was one of the most successful and
satisfactory ever held by the associa
tion. There is room, however, for a
larger membership, and It Is hoped that
all the pioneers will get on the rpll
before the next annual meeting. This
Is desirable from the standpoint of his
tory as1 well as for the mutual benefit
of fraternal associations.
What proflteth It a state to make a
spectacular discovery of a 531,000 defal
cation years atter the crime is out
lawed? There would be more point to
such a discovery if it were made when
It ought to be made, and by those
whose duty It Is to attend to such mat
ters. This discovery of defalcation la
quite as much a revelation of gross
carelessness In the administration of
Important public affairs and of monu
mental Incompetence in examination
and verification of public accounts. AH
of which testifies to the burning desire
of the political patriot to serve the dear
people for his own benefit.
Fortunately the pioneers got their
celebration in between showers. They
have lived in Oregon long enough to be
weather-wise,
ITAL.Y AX!) TkH-Lfi ALLIANCE:
ROME, June 14. In the Chamber of
Deputies today. Signor Prinettl, Minister
of Foreign Affairs, made a long speech in
explanation of the government's foreign
policy. He declared that even effort was
being made to render the relations be
tween Italy and the Latin-American
states, whither most Italian Immigrants
went, cordial, adding that the Latin
American states had a brilliant future.
Regarding China, Signor Prinettl said
nothing remained but to determine the
method of paying the Indemnity, the
amout of which had been fixed.
Italy, he announced, would abstain lor
the present from any modification of the
tariff, so as not to throw difficulties In the
way of renewing the commercial -treaties
with Germany and Austria. He empha
sized Italy's adherence to the triple al
liance, rnd in the course of an eloquent
peroration expressed the greatest confi
dence and hopefulness as to the future
of Italy.
During the discussion which followed the
speech, the Foreign Minister announced
the government's Intention to open ne
gotiations with the United States and
Russia. The galleries wer crowded, and
the German, Russian and Austria-Hungarian
Ambassadors were present. The
keenest Interest was displayed. Signor
Prinettl denied that there was any cool
ness In the relations between Great Brit
ain and Italy, and gave It to be under
stood that Great Britain would assist It
aly in opposing any Interference with
Italian Interests in the Mediterranean and
that Italy would only renew the triple al
liance provided she could obtain advan
tageous commercial treaties.
FRENCH DEPUTY OUSTED.
Debate in the Chamber on the Alge
rian Administration.
PARIS, June 14. There was an exciting
scene In the Chamber of Deputies today,
M. Drumont, anti-Semitic Deputy from
Algiers, attacked the government In con
nection with the administration of Alge
ria. When a vote of censure and exclu
sion from the Chamber was proposed as a
result of his remarks, M. Drumont refused
to leave until a file of soldiers entered
the house, when he retired, shouting "Vive
Tarmee," and "A bas les Julfs." M. Dru.
mont, during the course of his attacks on
various officials, called the Prefect of
Algiers a wretch, and declared the Minister-
of Justice, M. Monis, and the Minis
ter of Marine, M. de Lanessan, were dis
reputable men. The incident arose during
the debate on an anti-Semite interpella
tion concerning the recent uprising at Al.
glera. The interpellation called upon the
government to extend more thorough pro
tection to French colonists.
On the resumption of the sitting, M.
Waldeck-Rousseau, the -Premier, made a
long speech in defense of the Algerian ad
ministration. He declared the uprising
at Marguerite was an isolated incident,
and denied the allegation that British
Methodists had given arms to the Arab3.
The government, ho said, had found no
proof that the missionaries in Algeria
had been engaged In the alleged lntrlgups
against the French Government. He an.
nounced that the government proposed to
remove the police of Algiers from the
control of the anti-Semitic Mayor and to
replace them urider the supervision 'of the
Prefect of Algiers. The chamber then
adopted a resolution tantamount to a
Declaration of confidence In the govern
ment's Algerian administration by a vote
of 353 to S2.
ENGLISH CENSUS FIGURES.
Population of the Five Largest
Cities in the Country.
LONDON, June 14. A preliminary cen
sus volume just issued glvo5 the popula
tion of the five largest cities of England,
exclusive of London, as follows:
Liverpool 684,957
Manchester o43,3
Birmingham 522,182
j uccua .4. uu,ni)
kfiheffleld 3S0.707
Leeds 426,953
The total number of males in England
and Wales Is 15,721,728; of females, 16,804.
347, men serving abroad In the army,
navy and merchant marine being exclud
ed. Seventy-seven per cent of the total
population is in the cities, and 23 per cent
Is in rural districts, as against 75 ad 25
per cent respectively In 1891.
Tho population of Great Britain almost
doubled In the Victorian era. but that of
Ireland declined from 6.S01.000 in 1S21 to
4.456,000 In 1901. The mean annual death
rate has been steadily declining since
1861. The birth rate has declined with
still greater rapidity.
Governor FIngrees' Condition.
LONDON. June 14. Hazen a Plngree,
ex-Governor of Michigan, is in the city
suffering from a bad attack of dysentery.
Inflammation of the intestines has devel
oped, and there are symptoms of perito
nitis. Mr. Plngree's doctors made the follow
ing report regarding his condition at mid
night: "Mr. Plngree Is undoubtedly seriously
111, but he appears stronger tonight than
early In the evening. The greatest trou
ble is the exhaustion attendant upon a
long attack of dysentery."
Mr. Pingrec was taken ill In Sutherland,
but Insisted upon proceding to Holland,
where he was forced to take to his bed.
As he was booked from Southampton this
week, he hurried to London, where his
physician compelled him to remain. The
parltonitis Is fairly well controlled, but
the dysentery Is still very Intractable.
Czech Assaulted by Germans,
LONDON, June 14. "A mob of Germans
attacked a handful of Czechs at' Leitmer
Itz," says tho Vienna correspondent of
the Dally Express, "where It had been
arranged that Emperor Francis Joseph
should go Monday. The Germans violent
ly assaulted the Czechs and wrecked their
houses. Finally, the military were called
out to protect the Czechs."
ExnloHlon in Cartridge Factory.
PARIS, June 14. An explosion in a cart
ridge factory, situated In the suburb of
Les Moullneaux, has resulted In the loss
of 15 lives and the Injuring of about 20
persons. The victims were horribly mu
tilated. A majority of those Injured were
women.
Russian Ofllcinl Attacked.
ST. PETERSBURG. June 14. An ob
scure official of the Ministry of the Inte
rior was attacked, but not Injured, today
by a man who has not been Identified.
French Associations Law Debate.
PARIS, June 14. The Senate decided to
day, by a vote of 237 to 8, to close the
general discussion of the law of. associa
tions and proceed to a discussion of the
articles seriatim.
An Interesting Question.
Chicago Chronicle, Dem. .
When the Republican party split on the
silver question the Democratic party took
the wrong side of the quarrel and made
It its own.
The Silver Republicans started the ld-to-1
fanaticism and, when they kicked
out of the Republican organization, they
became the controlling element in the
Democratic party.
Now there is a prospect that the Repub
licans are about to divide on the pro
tective tariff question. One element, whol
ly selfish and destructive, will resist any
reform. The enlightened and judicious
members of the party will demand a mod
ification of the system, which oppresses
Industry and wrongs great numbers of
Americans.
If these factions fail to arrange their
differences and come to an open rupture,
will the Democratic party do as It did In
1S6S, when it took up discarded Republi
can greenbackism as It did In 1892, when It
embraced rejected Republican sriveriemr
The Republican party will go to pieces
if the Democrats will permit it to do so,
as it would have done several times In
the past If Democrats had adhered loy-
J ally to their own doctrines.
A WIDESPREAD IUBL1C EVIL
SALEM, Or., June 14. When the Marion
County grand Jury yesterday reported
that the County Court had been negligent
in looking after the County Poor Farm,
It struck at an evil that Is as wide as
officialdom. t Negligence In seeing that
subordinates perform their duties lies at
the bottom of nearly every defalcation
and dereliction In public office.' It was
because the County Court took too much
for granted that Improper conditions were
permitted to exist; It was because the
State Land Board from 1S91 to 1895 relied
upon the honesty of its clerk that the
state lost $31,000; It Is because of Just such
a free-and-easy policy that County Treas
urers so frequently fall short in their
accounts.
It is quite natural, and certainly con
venient, for one official to act upon the
presumption that his fellow-officials are
strictly honest, and that all public du
ties have been faithfully performed. It Is
also a little unpleasant for one offlacr to
pry Into the affairs of another as though
he expected to find something wrong. The
person whose affairs are being examined
is likely to feel offended, and If no wrong
Is discovered the investigating official
feels that he has caused himself needless
effort, and his fellow-official needless In
convenience. Thus It Is that careless
methods are pursued, and, even where
regular examinations of books are re
quired, a "whitewash" policy Is nearly al
ways in evidence.
An example of this method maybe seen
In the way County Courts carry out the
work of investigating the books of county
officers. The Legislature of 1S91 passed an
act which reads as follows:
"The County Courts of the several coun
ties of this state, while sitting for county
business at the regular terms In Janu
ary and July of each year, shall carefully
examine all books and papers relating to
the financial affairs of the county offices
of County Clerk, Clerk of the County
Court, Clerk of the Circuit Court. R2
corder of Conveyances, Treasurer and
Sheriff of the several counties."
It is thus made the duty of the County
Court to make a semi-annual examination
of the books of all the principal county
offices, but every man who has served
In one of these offices knows that the
County Court? do not "carefully exam
ine" such books semi-annually, nor an
nually, for that matter. -There may be
exceptions to this rule, but In nearly all
counties the only examination made Is
a hasty glance over a semi-annual report,
which may be correct and may be false.
It is the custom to let county affairs
drift along for 8 or 10 years, and then
employ an "expert" at considerable ex
pense to examine the books. If any er
rors are found. It Is too late to rectify
them; If a crime has been committed. It
Is outlawed and the defaulting official es
capes punishment.
The time to make an examination of
books is while all the facts are fresh
In the minds of contemporary officials,
when witnesses may be procured to ex
plain errors, and when the officials them
selves are still in office and ready to
make good any shortage. A public offi
cial who knows that his books will be
examined every six months, "carefully."
as required by law, will scarcely chance
the danger- of detection In a dishonest
act. It Is the man who knows that de
tection Is Improbable who Is tempted to
"borrow" or steal public funds. A regu
lar and careful Investigation of public
acts Is a preventltive of public wrongs,
and in such cases an ounce of preven
tion is worth a pound of cure.
No honest public official fears to have
his books examined. No county or state
officer or employe can reasonably com
plain at any Investigation of his affairs,
and If such an Investigation be made a
custom, it will be taken as a matter of
course, and no one will be offended. When
an examination of a County Treasurer's
books has been made, and it has been
determined what amount of money should
be In that official's hands; he cannot with
good grace refuse to hand out the cash
to have it counted to soe whether It is all
there."
The examination of the books and ac
counts of one officer by another Is usu
ally considered a sort of Joke, an occa
sion for "joshing." after which a report
Is signed up showing that all accounts
are correct and all moneys accounted for.
The whole proceeding Is considered a mere
matter of form for the purpose of keep
ing everything straight, to show on the
records that all officials have performed
their duties, whether they have done so
In fact or not.
This looseness "extends to nearly all pub
lic affairs, though the evil Is growing less.
If the stories told by old frequenters of
the Capitol are true, there was a time
when a man could present almost any
kind of a claim to the Secretary of State
and have It allowed If It had any founda
tion whatever, though It might be exor
bitant. But he cannot do that now. There
was a time when tho clerk of the State
Land Board could Ignore the law requir
ing him to make prompt payments to
the state treasury, and could keep back
$100,000 of the school funds. But he cannot
do It now.
Yet the accomplishment of this reform
is slow. The go-easy methods of one ad
ministration are conveniently followed by
the next. It Is some such thing as an ad
verse grand jury report or the discovery
of a defalcation that brings about radi
cal changes for the better, and these
things, though unpleasant at the time,
will perhaps bring about good in the end.
MINISTERS IX SESSION.
Annual Meeting of Methodist Asso
ciation of Boise District.
BAKER CITY, June 14. The Ministerial
Association of the Boise district of the
Methodist church opened its annual ses
sion here yesterday, with Rev. E. E. Van
Dusen, presiding elder of the Boise con
ference. In the chair. The opening 'ser
mon was delivered by Rev. W. W. Deal.
His subject was "Little Things That Mar
a Minister's Usefulness." Rev. J. D. Bird,
of De Lamar, delivered an interesting ser
mon before a large audience last night.
The ministers In attendance and the
churches they represent are as follows:
C. E. Todd, Baker City; I. F. Roach,
Blackfoot, Idaho: J. M. Wilder, Caldwell.
Idaho; J. D. Bird. De Lamar, Idaho: J.
W. Edgar, Glenn's Ferry, Idaho; D. T.
Monroe, Haines; W. W. Switzer, Mc
Ewan; F. J. Bradley, Payette and On
tario; D. M. Shannon, Sumpter; AV. "V7.
Deal, Weiser, Idaho; H. H. Newman,
Vale, and presiding elder, Dr.Van Dusen.
The Epworth League convention will
convene here tomorrow morning for a
three days' session. Delegates from East
ern Oregon and Southern Idaho svlll be
in attendance.
Sunday School Convention.
MORO, June 14. The annual convention
of the Sherman County Sunday School
Association was held at Moro, closing the
two days session last evening. Sherman
Is comparatively a new county, but Is In
the front line In Sunday school work, be
ing one of the first counties of the state
to respond to the call of the state as
sociation for financial aid. The sessions
were well nttended, about 60 delegates be
ing present from the different Sunday
schools of the county. The state field
secretary of the Oregon Sunday School
Association. Rev. C. A. Dotson, of Port
land, was present and delivered two In
structive and encouraging addresses. The
following officers were .elected for the
ensuing year:
President, Rev. S. C. Elder; secretary
and treasurer, E Peoples; assistant sec
retary. Miss Julia "Woods; primary su
perintendent, Mr3. Rockwell; home depart
ment superintendent, Mrs. Orle White, all
of Moro.
"Will Go on Duty Monday.
SALEM. Or., June 14. A telegram re
ceived today by Captain S. B. Ormsby,
superintendent of the forest reserve, con
veys the information that the supervis
ors of -the reserve will go on ( duty June
17. The supervisors are: W. H. Dufur,
northern division: Enos Dixon, central
division; Nathaniel Langell, southern di
vision. The 30 rangers were to go on duty
June 16, but their appointments have not
yet been received,
N')TE AND COMMENT.'
Mild, open January weather, this..
The piano trust will without doubt De
put on a sound basis.
Fashion note: Rubber boots are the cor
rect thing to wear with garden hose. "
The clouds came up just to let the pio
neers know that they are still In Oregon.
Depcw Is probably doing the thinking
which goes with the talking he did tho
other day.
The Oregon Is at her old tricks. She
got Into San Francisco 24 hours before she
was expected.
The San Francisco Chronicle is appear
ing without pictures. Have the newspa
per artists engineered a corner?
Portland will have a 25-foot channel to
the sea. even with the opposition of such
powerful rivals as Ncstucca and Astoria.
Mr. Mansfield rays that a man must
suffer before he can act. He might
truthfully add that his audiences must
also do a good deal of suffering.
The man who loves a girl so madly that
he is constrained to kill her ought to be
hanged at the public expense Just to
show how much all the world loves a.
lover.
The Cavuse Indians on Umatilla reser
vation have been trlng for three weeks
to elect a chief. They evidently learned
their politics by reading reports of Sen
atorial elections
The sociologist who tell u how to live
on 50 cents a week are beginning to find
their works fully as popular as thoa
of the good divines who tell their parlsh
oners how to die.
Five negroes were hanged In Georgia
yesterday. And at the risk of his repu
tation for veracity the correspondent who
sends out the new$ makes it appear that
they were executed by due process of
law.
They scalp coyotes in Eastern Oregoa
now and turn them loose asaln to replen
ish the earth. If this practice leads to
the establishment of a race of bald coy
otes, the enterprising scalpers will wish,
they had used a little more foresight.
SU Mountstuart Grant-Duff, In his
"Diary." tells a story about Father Healy,
who happened to be sitting in a tramcar
In company with two very ill-bred Prot
estants,, whose conversation contained lit
tle else than the most rabid abuse of the
Roman Catholic church. As he left the
car Father Healy remorked: "I observe,
gentlemen, that you do not believe In
purgatory." "No, Indeed, we think It Is
one of the many soul-destroying errors of
your system." "In that case." replied
the priest, "you may go to hell."
Miss Ellen Terry has no fancy for see
ing herself depleted in different charac
ters. Not one portrait of the kind adorns
her walls. "I have a friend," she said
to an interviewer, "who gets every photo
of me published and puts them in her
rooms. It made me quite wretched when
I last called. There was I, weeping In her
bedroom and mad In her dining-room,
while In the front parlor I was positively
dying In three different positions." Lit
tle souvenirs of her stage career, on the
other hand. Miss Terry delights to keep.
The Parliamentary "register for W,
showed that there was then only one. pot
walloper In all England. One seeing the
term for the first time might easily Im
agine that a pot'.valloper was a species
of ichthyosaurus or some other reptile of
a past age. It will be discovered upon
Inquiry, however, that the term "pot
walloper" Ib literally one who bolls a
pot, and wa applied to voters In certain
boroughs of England, where, before the
passage of the reform bill of 1S32, the qual
ification for suffrage was to have boiled
(walloped) his own rot In tho parish for
six months.
"A Daniel Come to Judgment."
Louisville Courier-Journal.
"An he play'd upon a harp."
Whatever else we may be disposed to
think of Dowle, he Is at least a dandy.
He has not only the Inspiration of his
convictions, but a courage worthy of
them. It was a magnificent piece of cheek
for this gold-brick man to appear before
a Chicago audience. It was sublime that
he was able to work himself and his audi
ence to a frenzy, thus:
"Understand well what I mean. I will
take no counsel In my methods of govern
ment. I have come to proclaim theocracy,
pure and simple the government of God.
by God and for God, and I will never rest
till all other forms of government have
been driven from the earth. You talk
about your democracy. Bah! I tell you
democracy has been tried In the balance
and has failed. The government of the
peoole, by the people and for the people
Is twaddle. I stand loyal to the flag, and
countenance no revolution, but I demand
here and now that the name of-God must
bo placed foremost In the Constitution ot
the United States, and the supreme au
thorlty of God over all things must be
recognized."
Joseph Jefferson Is a Swedenborglan.
Edwin Booth was a Unitarian. They were
fairly good actors In their time. But It
may be doubted whether either of them
could have, worked himself even In a
mimic scene to tho following noble
burst:
"Listen to the first message of the
prophet. You must pay your tithes and
offerings Into the storehouse of God. Ac
cursed be ye If ye would seek to rob
His house of Its fullness by not obeying
this, His will, sent through Elijah."
There Is but one counterpart to this In
history. According to Proctor Knott tho
Courier-Journal giving Its authority and
reserving alike Its Judgment and Its re
sponsibility Simon Suggs, when "the
meat havln' give out, and not a bar'l o'
flour In the house." set forth In quest ot
adventure, fell In 'with the camp meeting,
and for purposes of revenue only got
religion, he at once rose from the mourn
ers' bench and shouted, "Ante up, breth
ren; I kum In on nary pa'r, an' see what
I draw'd! Religion Is four aces. Every
body gits 'em an nobody kin lose." But
that was before sequence flushes and
Mr. Dowle!
In Snmmer Time. '
Washington Star.
In Summer time the world la fair.
And birds are singing everywhere;
The honeysuckles lovo to climb
In Summer time.
In Summer time the flowers bloom.
And sunbeams melt the hours of gloom
The lusty year Is In Its prime
Tn Summer time.
In Summer time tho clouds on high
Sail o'er the bosom ot the sky.
And lazy locusts Hit In rhyme
In Summer time.
In Summer time we long to turn
From paths where we must toll and learn.
We crave the gentle and sublime
In Summer time
All sav the man with lungs so strong
Who nants to holler all day long;
Ke sees no honeysuckles climb;
He notes no June day's lusty prime;
He hears no locust's lilting rhyme
Nor craves the gentle and sublime.
He waits to sit out in the sun
And watch the baseball players run
And hear his throat's unceasing chime.
In Summer time.
I