I F-
THE MOBNING OBEGOfflAN, THURSDAY, MAY SO, 1901.
lPrVrt YtTftYf ( sracefnL It may be said, however, that
r&V4-&44-t-W J this fault to some degree Is or may
Entered at the Posloffioe at Portland, Oregon,
as .necond-class matter.
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Tacoma Postoffice.
Eastern Business Office 47, 48, 49 and 59
Tribune building. New York City; 469 "The
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For sale in San Francisco by J. K. Cooper,
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For sale in Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner,
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For sale in Chicago by the P. O. News Co.,
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For sale in Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1612
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TODATS "WEATHER. Fair and warmer;
northwesterly winds.
POUTLAJro, THURSDAY, MAY 30.
TAVGEED LEGISLATION.
The r two laws relating to primary
elections, enacted by the Legislature at
Its recent session, are Irreconcilable.
On Inquiry we reach the conclusion that
It was not Intended that the Morgan
bill should become a law, but that dur
ing the later hours of the session, when
everything was in confusion, it was
called up and passed, without being
noticed by those who had Intended to
arrest it Senate bill No, 191, which
also was-passed, was intended to super
sede the Morgan bill House bill No.
188. This act also seems to leave much
to be desired, but it is workable, while
the other Is not.
A. law for regulation and control of
primary elections seems to The Orego
nlan very desirable, and even neces
sary. It is much to be regretted that
the Legislature gave us two laws which
antagonize each other and cannot be
reconciled with each other. The Mor
gan law pursues a theoretical scheme,
through devious ways. It is not only
inconsistent with the other act, but
most inconsistent with Itself and with
the constitution of the state. It is Im-
possible to see how "any attempt to fol
low this law can be made by any party
"Or group of citizens. It will balk them
at every step. This law, we think, will
4 fall by its own "weight It is perfectly
unmanageable. Nothing can be done
with it, or through it
The t)ther -act is simple enough,
though its defects are great It will
not deliver conventions from control of
party oractlonal machines, but it does
.provide a way for contests in the pri-
maxles so that different factions or
" groups may all be on the same footing.
It.Jakes primary elections under con
trol, substantially, of the legal machin
ery provided for the general elections;
the judges and clerks as selected by
law for the general election are to serve
as judges and clerks in the primary.
and there is to be an official ballot,
SKbJch .alone. will be the legal one. The
-yOH&rs 2uafr -duties of the judges and
clerks are to -be .the same- as in the
general elections, and the ballots are
"to be counted under similar regula
tions. This will give all parties, fac
tions or .groups of citizens a fair and
equal pnportunity in the primaries. The
-act goes no further than the election
of delegates to the conventions. The
dominant or plurality faction will then
proceed to nominate its ticket, which
doubtless will have been "set up" al-
ready. But at least there will have
been 'a tfohtest in the primary, and
this is something: for where the pri
mary is not regulated fcy law the fac
tion that "has the organization" has all
the means of winning In its own hands,
and "at" is -perhaps too much to expect
that it will be overscrupulous in the
use of them.
We shall be glad to see the laws
brought to the test of judicial Inquiry.
But it may not follow that they must
.stand or fall together. One of them
seems to us utterly preposterous; the
other though defective, yet has some
basis in, utility, in that it makes con
tests possible for control of political
conventions.
be found with all rigid systems of In.
struction In penmanship. Certainly the
excess of the slanting style of writing
induced about as an illegible, ungrace
ful specimen of penmanship as could
well be devised, and to this fact was
no doubt due the "vigorous attempt to
introduce vertical handwriting In the
schools. The extreme here has been,
as might have been anticipated, unsat
isfactory, and whether the "go-between
style which will now be at
tempted in the New York schools will
prove satisfactory is at least a matter
ofdoubt, since the product will be "a
hybrid which is most likely to be
"cranky."
Expert teachers of penmanship nearly
all declare that the pupil receives only
the elementary forms of writing in the
schools, no matter what system is used.
From this as a working basis is later
evolved the real and characteristic
handwriting that in many instances Is
totally unlike the outlined system used
In his instruction. Individuality is a
pronounced characteristic in handwrit
ing, and this being true, teachers should
be given a wide latitude in directing it,
developing as far as possible the sev
eral tendencies they may discover in
the work of their pupils, without being
compelled to adhere rigidly to one sys
tem of penmanship or another. It is
manifest that unless this is done the
writing taught in the public schools of
the country now of ihe Spencerlan
system, with the exaggerations of slant
and running Into a guesswork of let
ters; again of the vertical system, with
Its proneness to fall over backwards,
and finally of the "go-between" system
that Is likely to pitch the letters of one
word or line forward arid those of an
other in the same sentence backward
will be a thing neither of beauty nor
utility. And since it is not possible to
return to the system of writing as
taught in the district schools of a for
mer generation, with the "gray goose
quill" fashioned into a pen, the copy
book made at home of good foolscap
and copies "set by the master," as In
struments in its development it Is not
Improbable that recourse will be had to
the pocket typewriter, and instruction
in the manipulation of this machine be
substituted for the various systems of
penmanship that are contending for
recognition In the public schools. How
ever this may be, it is certain that the
handwriting of the pupils of. our
schools, above the fourth grade, at
least, is not at present a credit to any
system of penmanship or to the per
plexed teachers who are themselves
striving to .reconcile the differences in
two exaggerated styles, so that the let
ters In the one shall not run along the
line in a meaningless way, or those of
the other fall backward in the attempt
to stand upright, struggling in both
cases to eliminate thej individuality
thaf makes handwriting handwriting.
But It wak not yet part of 1hls Union"-
an assertion -that not- only- establishes-
tne majority decision In the Downes
case, but goes far-toward ""supporting
thg contention qt the miority in the
Delima case.
, It appears to us that the Supreme
Court has too little-regarded J in this'
matter the contention offered, in the
brief of Mr. Charles A. "Gardiner, -of
New York; who has "very ably rriain
tained that the disposition and admin
istration of new territory are political
rather than judicial questions, and
that the courts 1should be guided by
the acts of Congress, as the proper
expression of the National . will. The
majority decision really acts upon tha,t
principle in its adherence to the su
preme and wide authority of Congress
and in its faithful following of the acts
that have been passed; but a more spe--clflc
recognition of the principle would
have disclosed the true nature of the
issue, and especially would" have made
it clearer, to the generaL .mind. The
utterances of Chief Justice Fuller and
Justice Harlan, appealing as they do to
political sentiment, certainly give
weight to the Idea that the question
Is a political one, and they"hardly com
port with that habit of the Supreme
Court which the Chief Justice himself
fondly referred to in his centennial ad
dress of December, 1889: "Scrupulously
abstaining from the decision of strictly
political questions and 'from the per
formance of other than judicial duties."
fur beauttr and -visor and valor, 'doubt
less fought and fell full of. cheer, for
'theywere of the sanguine type
"Who never turned, their -iaek; butT marched
brea&t forwards, t
Never, doubted clouds would, break;
Never dreamed, though right were worsted,
wronsr would triumph.
Held, we fan no rise, are baffled to flghf bet
ter. Sleep to wake. - r
MEMORIAL DAY.
HAXDirUTTIXG "AS SUE IS
TAUGHT." -
The attempt to Introduce vertical
handwriting into the public schools in
many sections of the country, including
those of this city, several years ago,
does not seem Xo have met with success
commensurate with the effort that was
put forth. Whether the advantages of
rfhe system" were riot found to be great
enough to warrant the insistence upon
the methed exclusively, or the system
Itself was merely one of the fads that
from time ,to time, and indeed quite
frequentlyspring "up as a product of
Etrainettje&ucational effort does not ap-pear-3yhatever
may be the cause, the
school -anltitfritiee of JCew York, city re-
cently decided unanimously to ellmi-
mate the stiff, vertical method from the
fechools and adopt by way of compro
mise pencerJan. style, retaining at
the same Time some of the more grace
ful characteristics of the upright, or
vertical' system.
That there are advantages in the bold
outlines of vertical writing is generally
conceded, but no one asserts that
-beauty is one of them. The pupil, so
far as our observation has gone, has
usually developed a very awkward and
cramped -style under the strict and con
stant sppervlslon of the teacher, which
was made Necessary by the substitution
of the new for the old method. This
style later, when the restraint was re
moved, ran Into an Inartistic "back
hand" that was neither legible nor J
KUIiliER'S INADEQUATE GROUNDS.
Chief Justice Fuller undertakes to
say that the majority opinion In the
Downes case Is wrong, because of Chief
Justice Marshall's opinion in Lough
borough vs. Blalje, to-wit:
The power to lay and collect duties. Imposts
and excises may be exercised and muet be ex
ercised, throughout the United States. Does
this term designate the whole, or any partic
ular portion of the American Empire? Cer
tainly this Question can anmlt of but one an
swer. It Is the name glen to our great Re
public, which Is composed of states and ter
ritories. The District of Columbia, or the ter
ritory west of the Missouri, Is not less within
the United States than Maryland or Pennsyl
vania, and it Is not more necessary on tho
principles of our Constitution that uniformity
In the Imposition of imposts, duties and ex
cises should be observed In the one than In the
other.
As to this decision, there are two
alternative Interpretations. If it
means to enunciate a principle of uni
versal application to all future acqui
sitions of territory under whatever cir
cumstances and under whatever specific
treaty forms, then Chief Justice Ful
ler Is right If Marshall was merely
recognizing and recounting a fact then
In existence, then Chief Justice Fuller
Is wrong. And the evidence is all
against him.
The question at Issue in Loughbor
ough vs. 'Blake was whether Congress
had the right to Impose a direct tax
on the District of Columbia, Hence its
decision is not a decision that our terri
tories, including "the territory west of
the Missouri," were a part of the
United States. As .Marshall himself
said, no such question was presented
"for the consideration of the court"
The existing territories were parts of
the United States why? Because they
had been Incorporated. Treaties had
defined our boundaries as external to
the territories. The .ordinance of 1787
recognized them as prospective states
and this recognition was In 1790 extend
ed to all "territory of the United States
south of the River Ohio." "When Mar
shall made his statement, in 1820, every
settler In the Northwestern territories
and in the Florida and Louisiana ces
sions had gone there under the express
guarantee that he should enjoy the
rights of United States citizenship and
be eventually admitted Into the Union.
Moreover, In the case of Cherokee
Nation vs, Georgia, Marshall makes
plainer what was In his mind concern
ing the territories. "The Indian Terri
tory," he said, "Is admitted to compose
a part of the United States. In all our
maps, geographical treatises, histories
and laws, it Is so considered." That Is,
he was not enunciating the thing as an
arbitrary ruling, but he was merely
commenting on it as a fact. The.terrl
tory was a part of the United States
because the proper laws had made it
such. It was, in fact, a political mat
ter. In which it was, as he said, the
duty of the Supreme Court "not to
lead, but to follow, the action of the
other departments of the Government"
It Is a violent assumption that if Con
gress had declared that the Florida
Peninsula, for example, as It has done
In the case of Porto Bico and the Phil
ippines, should not be an Integral part
of the United Statls, Marshall would
have tried to overrule Congress and
declared it was such integral part.
A. still clearer ruling upon this point
Is Umt in the case of Fleming vs. Fage,
opinion by Chief Justice Taney, the
whole bench concurring. The. contro
versy in this case -was over the status
of Tamplco and certain ports in Louisi
ana and Florida, not yet provided for
by Congress, and the ruling was that
until such laws were passed, laws like
those Marshall had recognized in the
Loughborough and Cherokee decisions,
acquired ports, for tariff purposes, were
not integral parts of the Union. The
ports, the court said, "must be regard
ed as foreign until they were estab
lished as domestic by act of Congress."
The new territory, said the court, "as
regarded all other nations, were part
of the Uinted -States, and belonged to
them as exclusively as the territory in
cluded In our established ""boundaries."
Memorial day, as it falls into natural
neglect year by year, measured by the
decreasing number of participators and
the fading ardency of interest shown,
inspires the question why, when the
din of jnaterlal conflict Is long died
away, do we continue to dwell on the
story of the soldiership of the dead
armies of the Union. "Why this sea of
tossing flowers, these fluttering flags,
these dirges, these memorial panegyr
ics, this pathetic music? Surely, not to
stir bustling maturity least of all cyn
ical old age, but as part of the educa
tion, of the growing generation that
saw not the war and yet may thus be
infected' with the nobility of Its'splrit.
It Is sound civic policy to see that even
if the storms of "Winter mar the sim
ple story of these dead soldiers' grave
stones, the thrilling memory of all they
did shall be to our children's children,
like love, the old, old story, yet ever
new; thus feeding their imagination
with that sentiment that saves a state
when all debate Is closed and the war
of written and spoken words dies 'away
before the realistic speech of cannon.
"When our growing children all over
the country stand beside these graves
they shall learn that their moldering
tenants when the Nation was steam
ing- with the forvent heat of clvlL twar
at all Its joints, when unselfish 'valor
stood for the most precious sinews of
war, turned their backs on all ihe emol
uments and prospective prizes of peace
and put themselves voluntarily into the
bloody whirlpool of war to conquer a
peace. 1
The time Is not far distant when the
bereaved .who honor the vacant "chair
.where their soldier used to sit will be
the only visible mourners and decorat
ors of patriot graves on Memorial day.
When the gathering shadows ofrcom-'
lng death begin 'to reveal themselves
to the 'last survivor of the -great war
for the Union, it would assuage his.
bitterness of parting to haVe the proud
and sweet'ittemory that he would leave
not a few behind who would" always 1
hold him in respect because her was
one of those .upon whom the Union
leaned for support"; that he was one of
the shining stones in that wall of gal
lant hearts that stood between ttfe-bay-onets
of the enemy and the life of the
Nation. But in this intensely utilita
rian age patriotic memories have small
tenacity of life. It is as true with
states as it Is with individuals that
"nothing dries so quick as tears." At
the outset of the war it was this gross
utilitarianism that made the great
City of New Tork a disloyal camp of
greedy, cowardly traders and gilded
knaves until the farmers and artisans
of America leaped to their feet, musket
in hand, at the sound of the shot
against Sumter. Then, and not till
then, did the great City of New York
pronounce decisively for the Union. She
had heard from the rural' districts.
Every farm and every factory had an
swered Lincoln's call with a vast cheer,
and New York City, under the duress
of public opinion, was obliged to march
to the music of the Union.-
The Union was saved by this' uni
versal uprising of the farmers and me
chanics of America, the plain people,
whose patriotism was of that instinct
ive sort that cherishes the flag with a
sentiment akin to that -with -which a
loyal lover prizes a flower that symbol
izes his lady's love; he proudly wears
her colors next his heart. These men
of instinct were men whose Ideas, had
it not been for the war, might have
been bounded by a farm, a family or
the narrow excitements and petty per
sonal rivalries of village politics; but
whom the war bugles of 18G1 waked to
a higher level and a more heroic life.
Their overpowering uprising quelled all
thoughts of compromise and made the
war essentially the fight of the farm,
the forge and the factory for the per
petuity of free Institutions. It was an
army of farmers, artisans and traders
who fought for the enlargement of civil
liberty under Cromwell; It was an army
of farmers, artisans and traders that
won the battle of the American colonies
under Washington, and it was an army
of farmers, artisans and traders that
from ocean to ocean in the armies of
the Union deep bolted with their swords
the Republic which Washington found
ed to the bedrock of nationality.
To men of 60 years of age, to whom
Memorial day brings back thrilling
memories of forty years, ago, when
young mothers oecKonea tneir nus
bands back with their babies in ar.ms
while they murmured "forward and
farewell," the thought that obscures
this occasion Is that our bravest and
our best men lived not to swell the jubilee
of the restored Union. They died ''for
me and you," without Knowing whether
we were victors or vanquished. Let us
hope that those who died without
knowledge of, the ultimate Issue of the
conflict in which they lost all that Is
lovely In life's rosy morning do at least
know that they did not die in vain;
that the Mississippi flows unvexed to
the sea; that the flag of the Union
floats from ocean to ocean, from Maine'
to Oregon, from the Great Lakes- to
the Gulf, and that their graves are a
Mecca to which . the real 4salt of the
state they saved annually makes af
fectionate pilgrimage. It Is these voice
less veterans of the Union Army, who
knew the cross 'but not the crown of
glory that the thoughtful man thinks
most tenderly of -today.' And yet these
"buoyant youths, .who died full of youth
s'" The rapid advancement of t applied
electricity is noted in the statement
' of a man whose business it was. to in
vestigate all of-the electrical street rail
ways ,when first established,' that al
most nothing in use ten years ago has
a place In the electrical appliances "now
in use as motors. 'Practically- all of
these first appliances,, have" gone to the
scr,ap heap, accompanied by many of
later device. Inventive genius and ex
perimental skill go hand in-hand in the
equipment of newly harnessed forces.
The first steam engine was little more
than a tub on -wheels, bearing scarcely
the slightest resemblance to the splen
did locomotive that now draws the- rail
road train. Changes have taken place
less rapidly In -railroad equipment In
recent years,, experience -having sifted
out the best and Invention 'having ap
parently reached its limit In engine
building. The same Is essentially true
In 'the construction of electrical machin
ery, hence the degree of change that
has been observed in tle past ten years
can hardly occur in .the ensuing ten
perhaps not in the next fifty years of
electrical development
'COMMUNITY OF INTEREST."
1 New York Evening Post
Mr. SohlfTs testimony before the In
dustrial Commission yesterday gave a
clear and conservative presentation of
the "communlty-oMnterest" theory. A
rate war, Mr. Schlff explained. Involves
serious loss in earnings -to all the com
panies Ipvolved. Under such conditions,
"the property suffers, and railroad' men
are unable" to pay high wage3 to their
working force, Now, if the stockhold
ers of the one road hold stock In the
other, not necessarily the controlling in
terest, they will not vote to take any
action to reduce the values of their
holdings. This is a community of in
terest" Mr. Schlff here undoubtedly out
lines the real extent and the proper
scope of the original communlty-of-lnter-est
plan. We say the (original plan, be
cause it is manifest to every one con
versant with the situation that in prac
tice the plan for controlling a rival cor
poration's policy has passed far beyond
the plain and simple theory which Mr.
Schlff enunciates. To buy up $10,000,000
or JfiO.OOO.OOO worth of the stock of a rival
railway, and assume Its ownership In
perpetuity by issuing bonds of the pur
chasing company In exchange for It, Is
something very different from what "Mr.
Schlff describes. From one point of view,
Indeed, the transaction does not differ
from the smaller operations of 20 years
ago, when the present railway systems
were built up by purchasing "useful con
necting roads and issuing stock or bonds
to pay the price. But purchase of "feed
ers" belonging strategically to a given
system differs in all essential points from
purchase of rival lines, and it Is on this
control "of rivals that the controversy
hangs today.
So long as purchases of this sort are
made and held by Individuals, objection
to the policy must be confined to general
grounds. But this plan, except In a few
of the Gould and Vanderbllt connections,
is no longer pursued. The price is too
enormous, the consequent locking up of
capital too embarrassing for evert the
largest capitalist to embark his private
fortune in it Hence the practice of buy
ing the stock of a rival company and sell-
Dr. Frank' Parkhurst, of Chicago.. The lng It to another railway, whose credit
Oregonian found the account of the -j is .thereupon pledged o raise the funds.
A correspondent calls the attention of
The Oregonian to the fact that the
Rev.Dr.JParkhurst,who recently visited
Fort Sheridan, near Chicago, and con-
'demned the Army,, "canteen," was not
Rev. Dr. Parkhurst, of New York City,
as printed. In The Oregonian, but Rey.
visit of the Chicago clergymen to Fort
Sheridan in the Army and Navy Regis
ter, and based its paragrapn upon tne
printed discussion of the "canteen" be
tween Colonel Van Home, U. S. A.,
and a Rev. Dr. Parkhurst, found in
that.paper. The confusion of Dr. Park
hurst, of' Chicago, with the Dr. Park
hurst, of New York City, was a slip of
the pen, for Dr. Parkhurst, of New
York City, Is" a supporter of the Raines
law, of New-York City, which permits
the sale of liquor on Sunday with food
orders, and Is pm record as favoring
the opening of saloons on Sunday un
der certain safeguards. Of course,
holding these views, Rev. Dr. Park
hurst, of New York City, approves of
the -ArnTy canteen as an aid to temperance.
In New Hampshire . the House of
Representatives Is considered too large
for efficiency, haying about 350 mem
bers, while the 'Senate, with but 24
members, Is thought lb be scarcely
large enough. The reorganization of
the two branches Is the chief question
for 'the coming Constitutional Conven
tion to -consider. In order to cut down
the size of the House it will probably
be necessary to establish the district
system of representation, such as now
exists in Massachusetts. Under the
present system every town and wards of
cities 'haying 600 Inhabitants may elect
one Representative"; If 1800, may elect"
two Representatives and 'so proceeding'
in that'proportion. Whenever any
town, piace or city wara snau nave
less than v 600 Inhabitants, the General
Court shall authorize such town, place ,
or ward td elect and Bend to the Gen
eral 'Court a Representative such pro
portionate part qf the time as the num
ber, of Us Inhabitants shall bear to 600.
This Is the "old town system of repre
sentation' that originally was In vogue
throughout all New England.
As proclaiming a belief that the soul
and. body are Inseparable, living to
gether 'and dying together, and in due
time to be resurrected together, the
Seventh-Day Adventlsts represent what
may in this day of progressive thought
be called the unique In religion. These
people .make no half-way claims to
divine favor. They have the truth, not
a truth, and the composure with which
they condemn "the wicked" to annihila
tion -in the lurid fires of the last great
day is only equaled by the fervor with
whjch al(jare warned to flee from the
wrath to come. "Freedom to worship
God according to the dictates of their
own conscience" is one of the "blood-
bought privileges". of the American peo-.
pie. Hence those ho can reconcile
these doctrines with divine mercy and
goodness and find consolation in the
belief which they support may do so
unquestioned as to their right in the
premises.
1 , The President and his wife will reach
Washington today, glad, no doubt, to
be safely home again, but disappointed
nevertheless at their Inability to carry
out the carefully prepared programme
of the trip upon which they set out
with such pleasant anticipations a few
weeks ago. While the entire country
will rejoice that Mrs. McKinley's life
was not f 6rf elt td her lack of prudence
In undertaking an exhausting official
journey With her husband, it will ar
dently hope that she will remain In
quarters sulte3 to an Invalid the next
time the President undertakes a conti
nental tour. A gentle, amiable- and gra
cious woman, her chief care must un-i
fortunately be given, to the "house she
lives In," the economics of which are'
seriously disturbed by much jostling.
Here, again, it might be argued that. If
the shareholders of the buying company
vote to make the purchase, the possible
risk of the venture Is their own affair.
But this sort of public appeal to share
holders Is exactly what does not hap
pen. The board of directors controls the
property, a firm of bankers or a single
capitalist controls the directors, and the
.purchase Is made as In the cases of the
Burlington and the Southern Pacific at
the single bidding of this outside Interest
It has been a common saying, among
participants In the Northern Pacific
struggle, that In this Instance one great
Interest had disturbed the balance of
power among the railways, and that the
other Interest had to retaliate In Its own
defense. The case, it Is Intimated. Is
parallel to the case of thp states of
Europe If one power were to move sud
denly towards the seizure of neutral
territory The analogy is striking, but
it was not, in our view, carried far
enougn. ir we could Imagine a European
sovereign secretly effecting such a seiz
ure, and a rival sovereign, equally on
his personal Initiative, attacking his rival
on the spot, both using all of the re
sources Intrusted" to them for the peace
ful management of the state, and each
announcing, after the die was cast, that
legislature and people should foot the
bill, then, in our judgment, the analogy
with some recent railway episodes would
be complete. But what we have described
Is medieval diplomacy and medieval war.
If investors In our railways wish to oc
cupy the position In which such a policy
would place them, they are welcome to
the glory. We do not believe they do.
, The Russian Finance Minister.
' Contemporary Review.
The long series of disasters, the stag
nation of commerce, the glutting of the
markets, the scarcity of hard cash, the
weakening of credit, the fall-in securi
ties of' every description, the crash of
Industries, the ruin of individuals, the
misery of large numbers of the unem
ployed, constitute a spectacle unparal
leled In the history of the Russian Em
pire. Within the short space of a twelve
month there has been a maximum fall
In Industrial shares from 573 to 247 ru
bles; metallurgical securities have In one
case dropped frpm 2310 to 1025 rubles;
naphtha shares have shrunk in value
from 13,200 to 10.500 rubles; a number or
Important works have gone into adminis
tration, or declared themselves bank
rupt; works which cost 24,000,000 rubles In
building have not been .opened. Others,
which seemed to be thriving for years,
have been definitely closed; millions of
poods of pig Iron are waiting for buy
ers; 734,000.000 rubles of Bejgian capital
paid less than 2 per cent Interest last
year, and 17 Belgian companies are pay
ing no dividend, whatever, while thou
sands of workmen htve been turned adrift
and their families left famishing.
What are the causes of this unheard-of
"crisis? Scores of people in Moscow and"
St. Petersburg, who feel themselves ag
grieved by the action taken by the Fi
nance Minister in cleansing the Augean
"stables of Jobbery, declare that It has but
one cause the short-sighted policy of M.
WItte. "He is a railway administrator,
not a financier, and his mischievous ac
tion on trade and Industry njay be lik
ened ).o that of a bull In a china shop;
he lrivltes foreign capital to this country,
whereupon countless works are built and
the markets are glutted with products for
which there Is no demand." And this
short and simple account of the matter is
adopted as satisfactory by hundreds of
the seml-Jntelllgent classes, who are wont
t'o takq ihelr opinions ready-made. M.
WIte is consequently held to be ruining
his country, and If the Czar had not a
clear mind and a Strong will of his own
on the subject, the Finance Minister
would have been long since enjoying his
otium cUm dlgnitate.
' A "REDUCTIO AD ABSURDUM."
New York Times.
Mr. J. Plerpont Morgan ha3 Just done a
considerable public service. The tariff
on foreign works "of art has long-been a
grievance to all American lovers of civ
ilization. American, artists there -at one
time were who regarded it as protective,
and agitated" for It But by the nature
of the case, they were not very Import
ant American artists. There was even
one American artist who humorously pro
fessed to regard the duty on antique
works of art aat protective protective,
he said, "of the Infant American indus
try of manufacturing old masters."
But there was no greater extravagance
of Dlngleylsm, a term which connotes
even more of stupid greed than Its prede
cessor, which we used to call McKlh
leylsm, than the refusal to exempt from
duty works of art Imported for the ex
press purpose of adorning American mu
seums. This tariff tax Is like the do
mestic tax, 'Which some of the states have
Imposed upon bequests for the public
benefit WJth respect to these latter
laws, several possible puoUc "benefactors
have strongly and practically expressed
their disgust with laws which fined them
for giving away money. They have sim
ply announced Jtheir refusal to give money
to an object meaning the public, of which
the representative, meaning the Legisla
ture, insisted upon loading them with
penalties for so doing.
But It has been reserved for Mr. Mor
gan to make a practical and conclusive
demonstration of the Imbecility of the
Dlngleylsm which fines a citizen heavily
for Importing a work of art for the bene
fit of his fellow-citizens. Mr. Morgan,
the cable tells us, has acquired the Mann
heim collection of medieval works of art,
which one of the first British authorities
on the subject assures us Is worth $2,500,
000. The natural destination of the col
lection so purchased Is, of course, an
American public museum- Since Mr. Mor
gan Is the purchaser, we should assume
that its destination was the Metropolitan
Museum, of this town. But, as the cable
at the same time tells us, Mr. Morgan has
signalized his disgust for the partlcula
phase of Dlngleylsm in question by an
nouncing that he w6uld not be heavily
mulcted In order to confer a benefit upon
his fellow-citizens. Since Congress would
make a public benefactor "stand and de
liver" before benefiting his fellow-citizens,
he has determined to make over the col
lection to the South Kensington Museum
rather than to any American institution.
We hope he has left himself a loophole
of escape In case Congress, on Its part,
should find a loophole of escape from the
stupid and greedy provision which Is In
question of the Dingley tariff. But if
Congress does not recede, the Mannheim
collection will remain In South Kensing
ton as a monument of Congressional bar
barism. Probably that would not visibly
affect Congress very much. It would be
hard to find an equally numerous hody of
American citizens who cared less about
these things, and who were more ignor
antly contemptuous of the claims of es
thetic culture. But there will stand the
fact that a- collection, worth $2,500,000,
which might have been in New York or
Boston or Philadelphia or Washington, Is
in South Kensington merely because Con
gress, to put it vernacularly. "Is a hog."
That kind of, demonstration must finally
penetrate even the Congressional pachy
derm, Mr. Morgan has gone about It In
the right way to make Congress ashamed
of Itself.
Cheap..
Kansas City Star.
The cheap methods and the shallow
satire of William J. Bryan are once more
evident In his editorial comments upon
the Cuban Commission, in which he as
sumes that the favorable Impression made
upon the delegates In Washington was
due to the social entertainment given
them. Such an assumption does not hurt
the authorities at Washington, whoso
duty It was to treat the distinguished Cu
bans with. extreme courtesy, but It is a
gross Insult to the members, of the com
mission. After all, perhaps, Mr. Bryan's
contraction policy comes by nature. He
certairily never has expanded to the per
sonal and mental dignity and justice that
are essential to broad statesmanship.
NOTE AND COMMENT,
If the Shamrock had carried an Ore
gon pine stick-it-wouldn't have happened.
L A& long as the flsh continue to blta
there- is little hope for suppressing the
whisky trade.
The Halted. States Supreme court ap
pears to be looming up as a. goal for war
correspondents.
Morgan is still In -Europe. It probably
requires times. to load the continent for
shipment to America.
Mr. Bryan sjys he Is f or McLaurin.
' Every man's quarrel Is Bryan's oppor
tunity, to get lntd print '
The machinists strike will have no ef-
I feet on politics. The political, machines
are all running smoothly.
King Edward will make his next cruisa
with a life preserver 'rtied around him,
and possibly one Inside.
.
Business Is so lively on the stock mar
ket that a man can make a very good
profit on an Investment of only a few
hundred million -dollars. j
v
The attention" of the jCubans who are
opposed to the rule of the United States
Is respectfully called 1 to the" recent
achievements of one Weyler.
And the most remarkable thing about
Colonel Mills. Is that he has neither writ
ten magazine articles nor been mentlont J
as a vice-presidential possibility.
The British army has over 570 commis
sioned officers (exclusive of quartermas
ters and riding masters), who joined as
privates. No other European army con
tains anything like so 'many. From 185
to 1S9S the number of commissions granted
from the ranks was 343 second lieuten
ants, 507 quartermaster and 5d riding
masters, or a total of SD3. The number
of commissions of those'from the ranks,
amounted to 85S4. t
Doctors still disagree. Judging by thl
extract from an address '.recently deliv
ered by Dr. C. E. Walton of Ttfew York:
"We occasionally hear It disked: 'Would
It be wise to establish a olatr of homeo
pathy in an allopathic conege? Let us
answer this by asking: Would be wlso
to establish a. Protestant chair In a Cath
olic institution? Would It be wise to drill
Democrats In a Republican, camp? It Is
just as difficult to gather figs from thistles
now as It was nineteen centuries ago.
The Silent Army.
Baltimore American.
rWritten for the Union Veteran Association
of Maryland, and dedicated to comrades who
fell in battle or perished in the line of duty.
It Was delivered in an impressive manner by
its author, Mr. Thomas M. Kenny, on the oc
casion of the annual banquet of the associa
tion.) Along the Avenue of Fame bullded to honor
,them
So pure, ornate, and yet, so simple in its
majesty
That, Instinctively, one could but feel
For such a aettlng, rare must the Jewel he;
While yet the sun was high o'erhead,
Gllrrtlng with Its rays the burnished steel;
Erewhlle the thousands lined the way
"Whose every voice rang out a welcoming:,
I saw them pass; a glorious pageantry.
Music was playing; banners were flying.
And yet, beside their face, seared and seamed;
All else seemed naught.
Some, too, .were scarred, and maimed.
Not all however hardly did they try
Could march erect, and some an empty sleeve
Did wear: aye, proudly wore.
Beside some old and tattered battle flag.
Nor needed else, to guerdon their bravery.
Shoulder to shoulder they marched;
Elbow to elbow as of old.
Those "Boja In Blue," hearts of gold,
"While cheer on cheer echoing wide.
Told Of the people's love, and: pride.
Ah! who, to see them, would not cheer?
Remembering: alt; and hold them dear?
And cheers were theirs the living, 'till
The rear guard passed, all then, was still.
The first revolution in Cuba will soon
be due. It can hardly occur while the
authority of the United States is jstlll
supreme; but that will be withdrawn
soon. Then the proceedings usual in
Spanish-American countries may be ex
pected, to begin.
It Is a little early to launch Presl
denlal booms for 1904. There is plenty
of time for frosts both on the Hanna,
buds and on the Fairbanks buds. And
the Democratic party, moreover, may
be "in It' before the end of the year
1904.
Four hundred striking "handkerchief
girls at Passaic stoned the factory and
In a spirited charge rescued one of their
number from a squad of police. Thus
does the equality of the sexes advance
apace.
Remember Meiklcjohn's Fate.
Atlanta Constitution.
.Minister Conger Is In Washington, and
it is observed that he has not separated
himself from his present Job to make
that race for the Iowa Governorship.
Conger Is no Spring chicken In politics.
He has been -drawing salary 'from that
time in the far distant past that the
memory of man, runneth -not to the con
trary, and he Is taking no chances. He
has announced his perfect willingness to
cash li his lerolsm at this time and
modestly acknowledges that the guberna
torial chair is just his size, but he "does
not belong to the class of amateurs who
give up one office before eafely landed
In another. The distinguished Iowan will,
however, do well to watch things at
Washington. The administration would
shed no tears ovqr his absence from
China, and there Is a bare possibility that
unless he looks sharp he may be Melkle-johned.
Another thieving officer has been sent
to prison for irregularities at Manila.
The contrast with the Spanish regime
will not occur to the antls, but it should
not be lost upon the Filipinos.
Considering -what we- did1 on Vene
zuela's -account in 1894, her present ob
streperousness Is a. 'trifle disconcerting.
Evidently the Monroe Doctrine ris a(
rule that works only" one way.'
Theater, Theatre.
Notes and Queries.
It seems to have been forgotten thal'l
theater, was so -spelled in England some
300 years ago. The Pilgrim Fathers car
ried it to America. Of course, the word
is decidedly ugly, but to accuse the Amer
icana of having perpetrated It is ab
surd. If your contributor will look back
Into English hooks of long ago he will
find many words spelled -exactly as they
'are printed in America to'day. In "The
Whole Art of the Stage," 1864, "theatre"
Is spelled theater.
Heroism of Women.
New York Tribune.
The" captain of the MlaslssIIppI River
steamboat which was sunk the other
night, declares that the women passengers
acted with great steadiness of nerve and
courage. Doubtless that Is true, and It is
nut ill lue icaai. huvci ui .suii jbiu&.
On Innumerable occasions in recent years
it has been observed that In emergencies
of great peril women have" been less sub-
t.m . mn..f, unA tll,Y -?aoi. 1ot ......
jcul lu ai4. iu umtu agci tuau aajeaj.
Returning thence at midnight hour.
And musing there, methinks I dreamed.
Peopling the court of honor, with silent tread
I saw them move the Unforgotten Dead.
I saw, unheralded, hero comrades march,
And turn, and wheel, with elbow1 touch
As keen and conscious to the spirit eye
As in those days, along another way.
They side by side pressed on, to victory;
And In whose breast the sword of death
Their duty done found ever-ready sheath.
Ghosts? Aye, specters they;
Borne in rags, with tattered flags
Cherished, and followed, in many a fray.
"With muffled drum, see how they come!
Armed cap-a-ple, with musket, and saber,
"Ghosts of the Ked-hand from over the bor
dfr." Deathless heroes I Do ye seek a name?
Mayhap 'tis 'scribed on the roll of fame,
Or, mayhap they sleep beneath some stone
"Whereon is 'graved a holy legend "Un
known." Lost in the maze of the war blasted track.
Some are "The Boys who did not come back."
See! How they go charging.
To the trumpet's shrill sounding.
The deep-mouthed guns pounding.
Up, up; now. away! .
Now, shattered, and broken, spreading dismay.
Musketry flashing, sabers flashing,
"Wielded by loyal hands, hearts ever true.
Hark! Now, the shot and -shell;
"Wide ope the gates of hell
The bell of war's passion;
Seething and surging, writhing and turning
Until, at last:, the Old Plac" triumphant;
Forgotten the cost. tb.en.Mn such BlorloUS Vis
ion. Specters, from Spcterl&nd. Sbadowy phantoms
Booted and spurred., and r)dlng apace;
Carbine sunslmging. bugle blasts ringing;
Musketeers; cannoneers ;jjlve them a place.
The prison pen opens. Thousands on thou
sands, ,
Hollw-eyed, famlne-craied. God! what a sight.
"Were they from among us these tatterde
malions? Can these be our boys, 'went forth in their
might?
Soldiers t Heroes? These, in rags?
Glorified -ragaf and "hallowed flags,
gpecters from Deadland, ghosts of the red
hand. Ghosts t)f the redband from over the border,
"W" could not honor them?
"Who would ndt chier for them? .
Who dareir now to gibe at them..
Passing away In the shades of the 'night?
On a fine SOO acre farm near Fallsvill",
N. Y., live Cliarlottevand Susan Clonser,
two middle aged sisters. The farm and
Its handsome stone residence are their
own property, and notjfor twenty years
has a man slept In the house. In 1SSI
their father died and slnc$ that they have
maintained the rule mentioned. A few
days ago Samuel Clouser brother of the
two women, came on a vlt from New
Tork, where he his become wealthy In
business. They received him with evary
Indication of sisterly affectioruand he ex
pected to remain in the house for a few
days, but shortly after dinner cne of tho
sisters Informed him that he must go
elsewhere to sleep. They positively re
fused to give any reason for the strange
rule and he was forced to take up quar
ters In the village hotel. f
"The manufacture of pens in the
United States is confined to only four
companies, although one might suppose
there were many more," said a Coaneci
ticut man, who is engaged in that lhi&
of work, the other day. "That does not
Include the making of gold pens, which Is
a separate Industry, but pens of steel,
brass and German sliver, The steel for
these pens Is brought chiefly from Shef
field, England, as Is the best blade steel.
Many experiments have been made with
steel manufactured over here, but It
never has sufficiently stood the test- The
Imported product comes la sheets about
three or four inches wide and from six
teen to twenty feet long. The Impression
would be that such little articles so uni
versally used as pens would be entirely
machine made. Not so. From the mo
ment the sheet steel Is started on its way
Into pens till the finished -goods are boxed
and labeled it is handled by employes
seventeen different times. The points,
even, have to be ground fwice ground and
cross-ground, as we style it in the fac
tories. These factories, four In number,
as I have said, are located one each at
Camden, N. J.; Merlden, New York and
Philadelphia, turn out about 1,500.000 gross
of pens annually. First-class pen3 ought
to Bell for about Jl per gross."
PLEASANTRIES OP PABAGRAPHEIIS
"Papa, what Is a syndicate?" "My son. it la
a body of human beings entirely surrounded by
money." Life.
Mr. Crlmsonbeak Do you know that man
GoIdbugK? Mrs- Crlmsonbeak Tea; rich. Isn't
hCT 'Tea; he told m today-that when, he wu
bcrn he didn't have i ahlrt to his back!"
Xonkers Statesman. ik"
Diplomacy. Little Willie Say, pa, what's
diplomacy? Pa Diplomacy, my on Is the art
of making people believe that you believe
that they believe what-you say whea you know
they don't. Chicago News.
The Cherub's Bath. "My wife didn't stay but
a week down at her mother's." "Homesick?"
"No; but her younger sisters admired our baby
so much they nearly washed it tp pieces."
Chicago Record-Herald.
Philanthropist "What's the matter, little boy?
..hat are you crying about? Little Boy The
fellers on the street haVe formed a trust, and t
ain't In It. A feller can't play baseball or
shinny all by hlsself,. can he? Boston Tran
script. The Modern View. Son I haven't the sit
vantages you had. when you were a young
man. father. Father Tou haven't? Son :
talnlv noil you didn't have to waste f tr
years of your life In a college as I have don.
Ohio State Journal.
Just "What She Ncedtd.Tess Delia Mo Is
wants me to try her drtismaker. I wonder If
she'd suit rce. J-. OB. yes, indeed; she 3
Just the one for you Tess Really? Jes
Tes. she's a wonder. V.'r.y. she can make ire .
plainest Mnd of people look' nice. Philadelphia
IHess.
As a Iast Rewrt. 'No. Mr. "WalklndetV
impatienfv rcoliJi? the young woman. "I wl.l
not marry yoix I hae lold you so a hundred
times before'.' "Miss Kmlly." pleaded the
youth. ' "that is the only thing on which we
have ever differed. "Won't you agree to arbi
trate It?" Chicago Tribune.
Hospitals In New York. "It struck mV
said iPauroIman 0"Blfl", In speaking of the af
fair, "that the man's skull was fra'tured, but
I gave him the benefit of the doubt and locted
him up as a drunlc tnatead of faendlne Dim to
a homRal" Clearly th officer had a tenrtftr
heart. In spite of his brusque manner: Puck.
$
71s 31a7 Orchartl.
Joel Bentpn In the Junior Munsey.
If. Ilk? the Aloe, which a hundred, years
Must Jive. to blossom this display should be
If tho crowded orchard as it now appears.
Might never oftener Its aweet splendor see
Than when It rounds a patient century.
How we should visit It with Joy and tears.
Even cross the world to view one Apple Tree I
As a rose forest thrillea by Eden's spell.
Now comes transcendent this parade of May;
Nature's broad scaled, supremest miracle
Of blossoming acres in a massed bouquet
Of scented cups, fresh breaths from Paradise.
With songs of birds and murmurous bum of
bees; . ,
Can itj be true that, hidden from-mortai eyes.
Aught so transfigured; seraph orUngei sses?
i wast A-i Sv.ms