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THE MOTCNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, MAY 27, 1901.
GOLD IN THE ICY NORTH
PERILOUS TRIP -FROM' JTOME TO
THE ARCTIC tREGIOX.
Portland 3laji Stated Claims Wfcere
the Temperature "Was '75 to
OS Degree Below.
Koine, Nome, sweet, cweet Nome,
Be It ever so frosty, there's no place like Xome.
The following letter from "Walter G.
Smith to Charles E. Smith, his father,
will be found interesting. He left here
a year ago for Xome, and has been there
ever since, except -while making? a trip to
the Arctic The letter was -written Feb
ruary 7, two weeks after his return to
Xome. It follows:
T will give you an account of my
trip Into the Arctic region, a trip in
which a man carries bis life in his hands,
and an experience which I will not for
get In many years. On November 27 a
party of five men, consisting of John W.
Sherman, N. Beebe, C. B. Tapp, John Ol
sen and myself, left Nome with 12 dogs
and two sleds, carrying provisions for
six weeks for dogs and men, bound for
the Good Hope River, 250 miles due north
from Nome over the mountains. A great
deal ot rumor and speculation iiad been
going around in regard to the country be
tween Cape Espenberg and Kotzebue
Sound, so we started out for the Good
Hope. We were well fitted out with
grub, sleeping bags, and footgear, the
most Important of alL The dogs were
In fine shape and made good time over
the ice. We went up to the head of Nome
River, crossing the mountains there and
going down the Pilgrim River. We ar
rived at Mary's, an Indian Tillage, in five
days, a distance of 125 miles. Here we
met two men, the representatives of the
Anvil millionaire, Lindenberg, who had
10 dogs and a good outfit, bound for the
same place as ourselves. The next day
wo traveled together to the Kongrock.
Here -we found a dozen or two outfits,
following a Laplander party which was
bound for a new creek, 40 miles up the
river which they had discovered. We
ijooked- up the 10 fastest dogs of the
two outfits and took after the crowd.
All of our party got two claims on their
creek, and another a few miles farther
on.
"Two days after, we met the recorder
of the Good Hope district returning from
the head of Noxapaga River, on which
we then were. He reported that it was
impossible to cross the Good Hope divide,
on account of the scarcity of snow, so we
camped in an igloo, an Indian hut which
you enter by a long tunnel under the
snow, and sent one sled back for another
load of grub. The sled returned two weeks
later, and we started for the head of the
river, making a big run. We hired a
guide for a big price, but we made the
divide the third -day, and on the last day
of the year, in a blinding blizzard, we
struck the Good Hope River. We staked
claims on the Good Hope ana its tribu
taries and on the Humbolt and several
tributaries of that river. The weather
bad become intensely cold, and staking
was a job that was recognized as hard
work. If we would take our hands out
of our mitts for a few minutes to write
on the stakes, our fingers would begin to
turn white, which means freezing. Be
fore we started we thought that there
was timber there, but after getting there
we found nothing but small willows,
which are miserable to burn, being frozen
inside and out. 'Mushing (traveling)
isn't so very hard, but making and break
ing camp is the rub. Unlashlng sleds and
tying up the tent necessitates, of course,
bare hands, and generally we frosted our
fingers a little. To illustrate how cold
it was on the other side of the divide,
I will give you a few examples. The
canned milk, which freezes at 40 degrees
below, and which I always used for a
pillow, was frozen solid under my head
every night in the tent. Whisky, which
freezes at 70 degrees below, and pain
killer, at 72 degrees below, were frozen
in the tent. We had nothing that was hot
enough to withstand the cold, and from
our deductions the weather on the Good
Hope was from 75 to 95 degrees below
zero.
"None of us was seriously frozen, but
all had our noses, ears and cheeks froz
en every day. One of the boys had
bis toes frozen. We had cached several
bundred pounds of grub on the Nome
sjde of the divide, and we stayed on the
Good Hope so long that we ran out of
grub. The last two days' run back for
th cache we made on one pot of beans
and a slice of bacon. In the two days
we made 90 miles, with the weather about
70 degrees below the first day and .a bllz
rard the second. So thick was the air
with the flying snow that we could not
sec the leading digs, and we steered by
compass across the tundra. By good for
tune we struck one cache a few hours
after dark. and. although we were half
frozen and dead from fatigue, we felt
perfectly satisfied with ourselves and had
no kick coming anywhere. A few days
later we made another long 'mush' of
50 miles to a little roadhouse, where we
Intended to stay that night We arrived
there at dark to find the 10x12 cabin full
of frozen people. There were 14 men and
one woman, all frozen more or less, and
some very seriously. We had to travel
a few miles farther that night, and pitch
our tent in the dark. The next day we
recrossed the Nome divide, and the sec
ond day reached Nome and home. The
weather here, though from 30 to 40 de
grees eteWy-seems mild, after staying
in the Arctic country a few weeks.
"The condition of the camp is not the
best, owing to the scarcity of work. Next
Summer will see great changes in this
country, and a few years will place this
part of the world in the lead for the pro
duction ot gold. The power-of-attorney
business has put the camp back several
years, and until we get rid of It there
will always be trouble. The country for
miles around is full of gold, but there
are so many stakes in the ground that
no one can take it out. For example, a
prospector finds gold on an unprospected
claim staked by power of attorney. The
owner is too lazy or crazy to look after
his property, and Mr. Prospector has to
wait until the claim is open for re
staklng. A great many creeks and their
tributaries are showing up very rich, and
a great many people are getting ready
for the Spring sluicing."
Palace Cars to Siberia.
Monthly Review.
We read of a train de luxe which leaves
Moscow weekly, furnished with sleeping,
restaurant, library and bxth cars, and on
the Siberian section with additional
church and gymnasium cars. A commo
dious and luxurious train service cross
ing picturesque scenery can frequently
create a trade of Its own. Enterprising
speculators quickly perceive points of
vantage for the erection of hotels and
provision stores. Given a country with
an interesting topograpny and a good
climate, a railroad can soon transform
an unsophisticated, primitive hamlet
Into a fashionable health or tourist re
sort. But Siberia is not such a country,
and appears to us too far out of the
beaten track for such contingencies. In
quisitive millionaires and wealthy globe
tourists will look askance at the
prospect of some 20 days jolting- at 13
miles an hour through monotonous
steppes and dense forests in order to
reach their destination in the far East,
and will prefer the more pleasurable
and health-giving experience of a sea
voyage in a trustworthy P. & O. steamer.
albeit the voyage may take a week or
ten days longer. The traveler who has
tried the railway in its present state is
anything but enthusiastic as to Its mer
its. In a recent article In the Finanz
Chronlk, Mr. C. A. Morelng. the well
known mining engineer, writes:
"I "nave just returned from Pekln by
the Siberian route. I left Shanghai for
London on May 12, and traveled by
steamer to "Vladivostok, and from there
to Moscow, via the Amobr River and
the Siberian Railway. The journey from
Shanghai to London by this route occu
pied 51 days. Baron von Goltz,
the First Secretary of the German Lega
tion at Pekln. accomnanied our party.
The journey through Siberia was slow,
monotonous and uncomfortable to the
last degree. We found the Siberian Rail
way in a very bad state, badly construct
ed, with very heavy gradients, sharp
curves, light rails and generally in an
inefficient condition in fact, in its pres
ent state the Siberian route as a means
of communication is quite Impracticable.
. . . It will be a precarious and un
comfortable journey for many years to
come."
o
FOREIGN MARKETS INVADED
Rapid Development of American
Manufacturings Industries.
WASHINGTON, May 2L The rapid de
velopment of the manufacturing industries
of the United States and their Invasion of
foreign markets is the subject of a long
discussion by Dr. Carl Ballod, constitut
ing part of a volume recently brought out
by the German, "Vereln fur Soclalpoll
tlk," a copy of which has just reached
the Treasury Bureau of Statistics. After
commenting upon the rapid growth of the
manufacturing Industries of the United
States in recent years, he says:
"It tve peit together the figures of ex-
ports .and Imports of the United states,
the former figures will show a rising, as
cendant column, whereas the latter figures
will show stagnation or even decrease.
The total commerce of the United States
(merchandise only) for the last two dec
ades appears as follows:
Fiscal year Exports. Imports.
1SS0 $ 835,600.000 $667,900,000
18S5 742,200,000 577,500,000
1890 857,800,000 789,300,000
1895 807,500,000 731,900,000
1896 832.G00.000 779,700.000
1897 1,051,000,000 764,700,000
189S 1,231.500.000 616.000,000
1899 1,227,000,000 697,100,000
1900 1,294,500,000 849.900,000
"There can be no doubt that the in
dustrial progress made by the United
States during the recent period of eco
nomic prosperity has been exceedingly
rapid. The United States Is rapidly be
coming a country devoted to the exporta
tion of Industrial products without, how
ever, decreasing the exportation of its
agricultural products. Even as late as
ten years ago nobody believed that
America within calculable time would be
able to produce iron so cheaply as to en
able it to compete with England in the
world's markets. Today this Is an ac
complished fact. Industrial concentration
and technical Improvements, particularly
in the States of Pennsylvania and Ala
bama (where to be sure the conditions for
a powerful growth of the Iron Industry
were very favorable) have made the
American iron Industry the leading factor
in the world market, with which undoubt
edly European competing Industry will
have to reckon for all time to come. As
late as 1SS9 the imports of machinery and
other Iron ana steel manufactures W2,-
400.000) considerably exceeded the exports
which amounted to no more than $21,100,
000; In 1S99 the value of iron and steel ex
ported was $93,700,000, as agahist $12,100,000
worth of iron and steel imported.
"Not less rapid has been the develop
ment of the cotton textile Industry in the
United States. In 1ES0 there were em
ployed In this industry only. 11,000,000 spin
dles and 225,000 mechanical looms; in 1890
the respective numbers were 14,188,000 and
324,000; while in 1900 the number of spindles
had reached 21,057.000 and that of the looms
490,000. In 1S80 not more than 953,000,000
pounds of raw cotton were consumed in
the United States; in 1899, 2,071,200,000
pounds were consumed. The exports of
cotton textures has risen from $4,071,8S2
in 1875 to $11.8S5,591 in 18S5, and $23,566,914
in 1899. Since during this year (1S99) the
total Imports of cotton and cotton tex
tures amounted to only $37,000,000, of which
$32,000,000 fell to the share of textures, It
would seem that American exports ot cot
ton goods would soon balance the imports
of these goods.
"It is only in the case of woollen goods
and silks that the Imports considerably
exceed the exports. In these two branches
the Americans, It would seem, have not
yet succeeded In competing with Euro
pean producers in the foreign markets,
though it must be said that they have
succeeded In gaining a more Important
role in the domestic market. The rapid
progress made by the silk Industry is
best attested by the fact that there were
employed in this Industry 718,000 spindles
In 1890 and not less than 1,426,000 spindles
in 1900. Similarly the number of looms
has grown within this period from 20,800
to 48,200. It may be safely assumed that
the United States Is now supplying nearly
two-thirds of its total consumption of
silks."
Idaho Notes.
It is reported that the Boston & Seven
Devils Copper Company Is preparing for
extensive operations.
It is announced that Philadelphia" capi
talists have secured possession of the
Brown-Stemwlnder group of mines In
Heath district.
The Humming Bird Mining Company,
which is carrying on operations In Sho
shone County, has filed articles of incor
poration. The capital stock is $500,000.
Modern Woodmen are arranging for a
celebration July 4, at Meridian. Special
Invitations will be extended to Woodmen
lodges at Boise, Nampa, Caldwell and
other points.
A town has sprung up at the mouth of
the Little Salmon River. The place has
been named Riggins, In honor of John T.
RIgglns, the well-known Salmon River
citizen. Already the town contains two
stores, a blacksmith shop, a saloon -and a
good hotel and feed stable, besides a num
ber of dwellings. The ferry across the
main Salmon, on the road to Warrens, Is
located at this point.
The old bridge across the Welser River
will be replaced this Summer with an en
tirely new structure, says the Signal.
Some time ago the old "slough bridge"
was replaced with a steel bridge, but
the larger one over the main river has
been made to last until the present time.
Its usefulness Is about gone, however."
The new bridge will be located about one
fourth of a mile- south of where the pres
ent bridge stands.
James Scott, employed at the Swan Fall
power plant, on Snake River, had a re
markable experience recently. Scott was
asked by Foreman Conway to go across
the river for some tools. Although he
knew nothing of handling a boat, he start
ed across. The boat went over the falls
and down into the water below,. To the
surprise of all, the boat, with Scott In It,
shot out from the turbulent mass of wa
ter Into an eddy.
DO THE COLUMBIA RIVER
A DAY.
IN
Ask the Oregon Railroad & Navigation
Company's city ticket agent at Third and
Washington for excursion rates and other
details You cannot afford to miss the
scenic wonders of the Columbia River,
To the Pan-American Exposition.
JS6.00 to Buffalo and return, via Canadian
Pacific; 30 days limit Tickets on sale
first and third Tuesdays, commencing
June. For further particulars, call on or
address Canadian Pacific, 142 Third street.
One cf the special bicycles built for the
use of the British troops in South Africa,
which went through the campaign with
General Ian Hamilton's column, was re
cently exhibited in London, where its ex
cellent condition, considering the knock
ing about it had received, excited general
comment. England seems busy with the
organisation of cyclist aoiaiers, and many
companies of wheelmen will figure in the
Easter maneuvers.
LEAD TRUST IN THE WAY
DISCOURAGES BUILDING OF
SMELTER IN PORTLAND.
Montana Capitalist Finds That He
Must Make a Deal to Dispose
' of- His By-Prodact.
J. K. Clark, a Montana capitalist, broth
er of Senator Clark, spent several weeks
In Portland looking over the field with a
view to building a smelter. He is en
tirely satisfied with the location, as alL
the necessary ores and fluxes can be
freighted to Portland on favorable terms,
but he has run against a snag In the
shape of the lead trust. In operating a
200-ton smelter, from 20 to 40 tons of lead
per day would be produced, and as the
lead trust owns all the lead works of
--- otoot --
DEATH OF AN OREGON PIONEER OF 1850.
h'VTOv'naB
EDMUND A. PARKER.
ALBANY. Or.. May 25. City Treasurer Edmund A. Parker, who died here
Thursday night, aged GO years, was bom m Kentucky. He moved to Missouri
when youns, and thenoj to Oregon In 1650. taking up a claim In Clackamas
County. He settled In Oregon' City, where he was In the drug business nearly
20 years, or until 1874, when ho moved to Albany, where he engaged In the same
business for several years, being succeeded by Foshay & Mason. He was The
Oregonian's route agent here for about 16 years, or until two or three years ago.
He was City Treasurer for 10 years, charter member of the Albany A. O. U. W.,
its financier for over 15 years, and an old member of the I. O. O. F., an hon
orable man and splendid citizen.
tM8HMMMMHItHMMMHtOHMttMHOMH
the country, this lead can not be dis
posed of unless arrangements can be
made with the trust.
A prominent Portland man who Intend
ed to furnish part of the capital for the
Clark smelter said yesterday:
"The opposition to the building of a
smelter In Portland Is a serious matter,
and an Investigation of It reveals how
hopelessly we are at the mercy of the
trust The gigantic aggregation of capi
tal Is preparing to construct a smelter in
Salt Lake City, with a capacity of 2000
tons per day, and will therefore draw
heavily on the dry ores of Eastern Ore
gon, which we proposed to bring to Port
land for our smelter. There would be
no trouble about wet ores those con
taining lead but the dry ores would have
to be drawn on very heavily, and It would
tie unbusinesslike to put $200,000 or $300,000
into a smelter without having previously
made arrangements to supply it with
these dry ores.
"The O. R. & N. has been very liberal
in its offers as to freight rates, and has
agreed to do everything to make It an
object to establish the smelter here, but
although the matter of freight is a very
important one in starting a smelting
works, there are other questions to be
considered. We have found that even the
railroad companies are In a measure
powerless in dealing with the lead trust,
which Is backed by a vast aggregation of
Eastern capital. This trust has the power
to dictate terms to transportation com
panies and prevent the lines converging
at Salt Lake from giving us favorable
rates. The smelter which Mr. Clark In
tended to build here would have cost not
less than $200,000-, while at least $500,000
more would be needed In purchasing the
necessary ores. Dry ores containing gold
and sliver run Into money very fast. The
gold and silver bullion produced would
take care of Itself lir the market, but
sale of the lead would not be so easy."
EXAMINATION OF TEACHERS
Criticism of Methods "With Some
Thonfflits on Society.
DUNDEE, May 24. (To the Editor.)
Gulzot points out to us the fact that re
ligious and civil society passes through
the same stages of development, and that
religious society has ever been several
centuries In advance of civil society. At
the dawn of modern history when the
church was under the absolute govern
ment of a single ruler, civil society had
scarcely advanced beyond the chaotic
state. At the period of the reformation,
which produced a state of religious so
ciety corresponding to a modern republic,
civil society was still passing through the
monarchlal epoch.
What Luther was to the religious world
Washington was to the civil world, and
the Catholic church, as well as England
has reason to be thankful that men were
found equal to the task of pruning them.
Various forms of society emerge out of
chaos, and pass through corresponding
stages. The monarchlal epoch is promi
nent in every form of society. It must
be acknowledged that religious society
has reached a greater degree of perfection
than civil society, while educational so
ciety is only just now approaching the
monarchlal epoch passed through so
many centuries ago by both the religious
and civil world. There are occasional
traces of monarchlal ideas in some
churches today, but the great majority
of Christians are coming to regard the
teachings of Jesus as an exhortation to
men to become sons of God, even- as he
was also a son of God. This principle
brings mankind Into direct communication
with God. without the mediation of priest,
and makes the death of every martyr
as much a sacrifice for sin as the death
of Christ.
In civil society we find men voting from
selfish motives and seldom having- at
heart the greatest good to the greatest
number. The spirit of monarchlal insti
tutions has passed out of civil society,
and Great Britain is as much a govern
ment by the people and for the people as
the United States is. We find the educa
tional world today just leaving the cha
otic state and advancing toward the mon
archlal epoch. If those In authority say
"memorize the multiplication tables,"
they must be memorized. If our educa
tional priest says, "Let the pupil form
his tables by counting objects," woe un
to that teacher who dares do otherwise.
If the king of educational society pre
scribes a certain formula for the solu-
tion of a certain class ot problems no
teacher is allowed to use his common
sense in the solution of those problems,
but must follow the ruts pointed out to
him. Sometimes a little educational king
says, "Numbers must be represented by
undivided magnitudes." All Intelligent
voters should look over the questions sent
out for testing the qualifications of teach
ers and see what proportion of them test
the common sense of the candidate and
what proportion call for a parrot-like
repetition of what is found in some book.
Look over the Board of Examiners and
see how many of Its members are the
most skillful educators In the county and
how many of them hold their position, not
on account of personal fitness, but on
account of nersonal or political friend
ship. Get out your old grammar and see what
you think of the following questions to
test the ability of teachers to perform
their duties In the schoolroom: 'Name
three Infinitive verbs that are used with
out to after them." "Why has a transi
tive verb no voice?"
Get out your old arithmetic and see
what you think of some of the questions
given us at the last examination.
"How many square feet in a board that
is 12 feet long and 9 Inches wide?"-
"A lot Is 12 by 9 rods; A walks from
one corner to the other by walking along
the edge, B.cuts across; B walks 5 rods,
while A walks 6 rods; which will get to
the corner first, and how many feet dif
ference will there be?" The first ques
tion Is so easy as to. be almost worth
less, while the latter leaves the candi
date to guess which other corner is meant.
When more than one-third of the can
didates are refused certificates on this
class of questions. Is It not time for an
Investigation, especially when college
graduates with an average rank of So per
cent are refused a third-grade certificate
and their places are from necessity filled
with school girls with an average rank
of 70 per cent? An Intelligent people will
In time rebel against this form of abso
lute educational despotism. Who can
doubt In this state of things that It will
take all of the present century to com
plete a monarchlal system of educational
society? Those teacners who happen to
have a life certificate and entertain no
hope of a future state of existence will
uphold any system which has a tendency
to make teachers scarce. It will increase
their own wages and avert the necessity
of trying to please their patrons to hold
their positions.
The exorbitant price charged for tem
porary certificates Is a decided -injustice
to those remote counties where teachers
are scarce. Under present circumstances
It Is "hot advisable for a teacher not hold
ing a state certificate to go a hundred
miles from the railroad to pay so much
for certificates and take chances on ca
price of the board of examiners.
A large part of the teachers who failed
at the last examination failed on history,
and that list of questions deserves more
severe criticism than the teachers who
failed. They were questions calling for
exact facts, such as the lawyer or Intelli
gent business man would keep stored In
his library, while he trained his Intellect
to act upon those facts.
Is it not more Important to know the
causes and effects of the greatest civil
war found In the annals of history than
it is to load the mind with the exact date
on which battles began and ended? Is it
not more important to learn a practical
lesson for present use than to know of
past facts? And yet not a single ques
tion In history called for any practical
application of historical knowledge.
Who does not know that America was
the last of civilized nations to abolish
African slavery? Was not the tardiness
of action the cause of its severity? An
ounce of prevention Is worth a pound of
cure. Other nations are providing against
the conflict between capital and labor by
making some public necessities, like rail
roads, national property. America Is act
ing slowly In regard to this question, as
she did on the slavery question, and fut
ure generations may suffer the results of
our negligence.
Ambitious men wish laws creating vo
cations wherein the skillful may acquire
a fortune while the general good would
make Government the manager of other
enterprises besides the mall service. It
Is not policy for any class of people or
political party to refuse to consider and
investigate questions of such vital Im
portance. Neglect of the general good
caused Rome to fall. Extreme selfishness
brought on the Dark Ages. The only won
der Is that so much progress was made
bv the ancient world with so little or
ganized effort for the elevation of so
ciety. All progress was causea Dy sucn
lonely lights as Solon, Homer, Socra
tes, Plato and Jesus, and even these were
quickly snuffed out by those whose lives
they condemned.
We speak of religious, civil and educa
tional society, but the same men should
belong to all these 'classes of society.
Many people devote all their energies to
one sphere of action, but they labor at a
great disadvantage. The religious world
has been favored by direct revelation, but
if they would cultivate intellect and
reason It would be a greater honor to
the God who has so highly favored them.
The educational world has reasoned up to
many conclusions, which were revealed to
the religious world In prehistoric ages.
The civil world needs both Intellectual
and religious culture to make It a suc
cess. Who can survey the wonderful
works of man without exclaiming, "Truly,
man Is a child of the living God."
I am informed that a successful teach
er was refused a certificate with a rank
less than 1 per cent too low. The Idea
that a board of examiners is nothing but
a machine for measuring examination pa
pers with the book, and refusing certifi
cates to all candidates who fall short by
a l,nln -.oltt t. !?f-!ilrMl: AbHitV tO
teach'shouldbstaken into account in grant-
Ing certificates, and it snouiu oe wm "- :
to account In the selection ot meiuucia ..
the board of examiners. The most skill- j
..i ..n.n..n ? .vn nmmrv should not be .
attending to their work in the school
room, while those acKnowieugeu u
to be inferior in ability are intrusted witn
the arduous task of passing judgment on
the qualifications of teachers.
While we do not doubt the value of
monarchlal Institutions at the stage of
progress to which they are adapted, we
do object to a monarchlal educational
system which only tests the memory of
our teachers and makes no effort to test
tho common sense. A parrot can be
taught to answer questions, and It should
be the aim of our common school system
to develop something higher than a
parrot-like echo of the voice of the king.
We censure existing institutions not to
destroy them, but to Improve them that
they may endure. GEO. M. COLE.
CHEAP EXCURSIONS EAST.
On May 30 and June 7 the O. R. & N.
Co. will sell round-trip tickets for S60,
Portland to St. Paul, Minneapolis, Omaha,
St. Joseph. Leavenworth, Kansas City
and Council Bluffj; limit 60 days from date
of sale, stop-over privileges en toute. City
ticket oflice, third and Washington.
PAN-AMERICAN ROUTE
Via Great Northern Railway.
Buffalo and return, $S6. Tickets on sale
first ana third Tuesdays of each month,
June to October, inclusive, good for 30
days. City ticket office, 122 Third street.
The Pets of Noted People.
St. Nicholas.
The pride of the heart of Mr. Thomas
Bailey Aldrlch, dear to all young folk be
cause of his "Storof a Bad- Boy." was a
dog, an Irish setter, who, Its owner be
lieved, was endowed with more Intelli
gence than some men of his acquaintance.
Some years ago It was the author's habit
to Invite friends to his charming home
on Mount Vernon street, Boston, to see his
"twins" and his dog. and the visitor often
went with visions of being called upon to
admire and amuse two babies. The
twins, however, he found to be well-grown
young men, 19 or 20 years old. The dog,
"Grip," was never weary of bringing his
master's slipper from his bedroom to the
parlor, and of exhibiting his" intellectual
achievements so long as Mr. Aldrlch
would suggest new tricks.
It" Is said that Mr. Samuel L. Clemens
(Mark Twain) had a black pet cat, which
he" called "Satan," and a tortoise shell
cat, to which he gave the name of 1SIn."
It need hardly be added that Satan and
Sin were the best of friends.
Robert Browning's pet was a tame owl,
Sir Henry Rawlinson's a tame leopard.
Bishop Thirlwall was devoted to cats and
geese. Southey made pets of his cat
"Bona Marietta," and his dog. "Dapper."
Ralph Waldo Emerson had no pets. He
was very fond of quoting the example of
Sidney Smith, who, when asked by a lady
to furnish a motto for the collar of her
dog, "Spot." jokingly suggested a quota
tion from Shakespeare's "Macbeth":
Out, damned Spot!
The late Queen of England had three
dogs, which she had elevated to the high
est canine dignities on account of their
aristocratic families and their own pecu
liar merits. The names of the aristocratic
trio, are "Marco," "Roy" and "Spot."
Marco was the late Queen's favorite, and
his ancestry can be traced back to the
Crusaders time. He is what they call in
England a Pomeranian, and at one of the
dog shows he won the first prize the mug
of honor. The other favorite, Roy, is a
collie, and Spot Is a fox terrier. Another
of the late Queen's pets Is a tlsy York
shire terrier, that weighs but two and
three-quarters pounds. It is the smallest
dog in England.
Many forms or nervous debility in men
yield to the use of Carter's Little Liver
Pills. Valuable for nervous weakness,
night sweats. Try them.
works in
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SER3ION BY DR. aX'USATt ON "THE
SACRED TRUST'
Services in Oihcr Churches Attended i
by Posts of the Grand
Army.
In many East Side churches memorial
services were held yesterday morning and
evening. Ben Butler Post, No. 57, G. A.
R., Wlnslow Mead Circle, No. 7. Ladles
of the G. A. R, the Woman's Relief
Corps and the Boys' Brigade of Sunny
side, listened to a patriotic sermon by Dr.
Elsworthy in the Sunnyside Methodist
Church. In the afternoon a special pa
triotic programme was rendered in the
armory of the Sunnyside Boys' Brigade.
Rev. J. J. Staub, of the Sunnyside Con
gregational Church, spoke last evening
on "The Memorial Day and the Gospel of
Sacrifice." Rev. A. L Hawley, of the
Trinity Methodist Church, joined In a
memorial service In the Sellwood Presby
terian Church. Mr. Hawley made the ad
dress. Pickett Post attended. Rev. F. E.
Coulter, of the United. Brethren Church,
delivered a memorial address in the morn
ing. Dr. L. E. Rockwell addressed the
members of the G. A. R. at the Methodist
Church at University Park last night.
Sumner Post. No. 12. and Sumner Woman's
Relief Corps, G. A. R., attended services
yesterday morning at the Third Presby
terian Church. East Ninth and East Oak
streets. Dr. McLean, the pastor, deliv
ered a sermon on "The Sacred Trust,"
fromthe text, II Kings, 11:9. He said:
"Comrades, as I look Into your faces it
is hard to realize that the most of you
were beardless boys In the yesterday
when we marched to the front. Can you
recall the last look? Did not mother,
having for your sake repressed the tears,
hasten In and close the door that she
might take her burden to God. while fath
er looked after you at the gate until you
were lost to view? Do you remember
those cherry letters that came to you
from the true-hearted girls, strengthening
you in your determination to be a man
and do your best for the country? What
does this age know about the sacrifices of
that day? No one who ever entered the
soldier's home during those awful rour
years of fieri trial could ever belittle
either the sacrifice of these soldiers in the
field or of the brave ones at home. No
hirelings were these, but men, brave,
strong, who knew full well the measure of
the sacrifices, and were ready to fill it.
War to them was not a trade, but the
awful way to National honor and peace.
"We have, however, a greater mission
than that of merely eulogizing the dead.
We are dealing not with the dead past,
but with the living present. We have
passed our old boundaries, and have as
sumed new responsibilities, and the dan
ger to our system of government has In
creased four-fold. Now, as never before,
wo must insist upon the strictest honesty
Jr. public affairs, the highest reverence for
law on the part of those to whom is en
trusted the enforcement of law. in Cuba,
ahd the Philippines- we are disgraced by
the dishonesty of the men la whose keep
ing is placed the honor of the Natlop. At
heme, yea, even in the City of Portland,
the crime of Benedict Arnold is made
white by the shamelessness of those to
whom we look for the upholding of the
majesty of the law. Hevls no successor
of Elijah who will let this day pass with
out standing before the people, and In
the name of God crying out against those
who in our fair city are making merchan
dise of our rights, debauching the morals
of the public that they may enrich them
selves. I do not fear prosecution when I
say It Is my firm conviction that it is
Impossible to enforce law In this city
where there is any chance of making
money by Its non-enforcement. The bi
cycle ordinance is enforced in the out
skirts by the police, while- the gambling
joints and dens of Iniquity are permitted
to run openly and shamelessly In our fair
iwiimiiiiiiiiiiiimiHiM
-for an eight d clock breakfast
An eleven d clock start :
x for a one d clock lunch,
A four d clock start
for a six deiock dinner.
This is trie time table of a woman who cooks witl
a coal or wood fife. It's a needless waste of time.
The woman who uses a
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can do her work in one-quarter of the time and do it with
out fuss or muss. She never has to wait for a slow fire ;
no fuel to carry; no ashes to take up. Her meals are better
because riditlv cooked. Ker health is better because she
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comtort. xier expeuses are iebb
WicklessBlueFlame Oil Stove is cneapesr. m
Absolutely sale, uurns oruiuaty wiuacut,
ana causes neitner smoe, bmcu ml
Made in various sizes. If your
dealer dcs not have them, write
to the nearest agency of
STANDARD OIL
COMPANY,
TTJTJTPT
O-ClGiniaJs
OF SIX WEEKS
Beginning Monday. July 1. will be conducted
In one ot the rooms ot the Portland Business
College, corner Parte and Washington streets.
It will be strictly a school ot study, designed
to aid teachers to higher grade3 In the August
examination. Full particulars on application.
OPEN ALL THE YEAR
The Portland Business College Is open all the
year. Students may enter at any time, for
special .iranches or a regular course, and re
ceive Individual or class Instruction, as pre
ferred. Call or send for catalogue. Learn wnat
and how we teach, and what It costs.
A. P. Armstrong. LL. D. Principal.
Board of Directors.
D. P. THOMPSON. PRESIDENT.
D. SOLIS COHEN - - DAVID M. DUNNE.
city. To remedy this, meting out to tralt
orr to the flag that they dishonor, the
doom of all traitors. Is the best way of
keeping our sacred trust. God holds this
Nation, redeemed at such a fearful cost,
responsible for the sacred trust confided,
to us. Wives, mothers, sisters, in the
time of our Nation's trial there was no
mightier power In the land than the loy
alty and devotion of the women. God
calls to you to guard sacredly the home,
to keep alive by your devotion that w$ch
has been entrusted to you. America "will
be what Its mothers will be.
"Comrades of the Grand Army of the
Republic, the grand men who Went before
ti In battle have nearly all gone to join
the army on the other side.' But" few-are
the days that remain for us. Let us re
member the days given are a sacred trust.
In them we are to Uv our lessons of pa
triotism, leading while we still are able
to march In the battle of duty to God and
to man."
The Cathedral at Seville.
Modern Culture.
The construction of this cathedral, at
the end of the Middle Ages, was practical
ly the result of a wager; the canons he-
rolcally ruined themselves: they wanted
to outdo the Christians of Toledo, they
desired to surpass the Moors of Cordova;
they wanted a marvel for Sevllla, and
Sevllla got the marvel. The central nave
is of an extraordinary height; Notre Dame
of Paris could eaelly be put Into It. As
for the four side naves, they could shel
ter many churches and steeples in their
depth. The main altar Is Immense, with
superimposed rows of sculptured panels
-and numberless statues. The organ pipes
are as large as cannon; everything Is
huge, gigantic, overpowering. Thus re
ligious ceremonies born In that prodigious
edifice break forth Into Sevllla with a
character of grandeur and lnvlshnesa;
they, so to speak. Inundate the streets of
the city. Be it a grave epidemic to be
feared or a great joy to be celebrated, all
the prestige of a gorgeous ceremonial la
resorted to as a means of appealing to
all the Inhabitants. Voluntarily organ
ized processions tumultuously follow pro
cessions, each one larger, richer and more
imposing than Its predecessor.
On Easter Sunday there Is a procession
ot another kind, more cheerful and more
noisy; Christ has risen again! In the aft
ernoon, strange proof of the Spaniard's
logic, everv one finishes the day by wit
nessing a bull fight.-
The plan of the Central Pacific Rail
road to cut off 107 miles by crossing Great
Salt Lake, Involves a great engineering
problem. The lake has to be crossed at
a point where It Is 32 miles wide, trestle
work being necessitated for the whole of
the distance, except two. miles across tho
rocky Promontory Point. The view afford
ed passengers over the new route will be
novel and picturesque.
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